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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Biology|Biochemistry|Oncology'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 July 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Wang, Zhuo. "Extracellular Inflammatory Signaling from Dysfunctional Telomeres." Thesis, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10692989.

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<p> Telomere dysfunction describes the catastrophic damage at telomeres, which often leads to genomic instability at the cellular level. There is rising evidence showing that telomere dysfunction also influences the extracellular environment with the inflammatory response. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of this dysfunctional telomere-associated inflammation. In this dissertation, we identified extracellular forms of Telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA), and demonstrated it might play a role in mediating the crosstalk of telomere dysfunction and inflammation. We found

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2

McKeown, Michael Robert. "Chemical Probes and the Exploration of Bromodomains in Cancer Biology." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11468.

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The post-translational modification of histones and their interaction with transcription factors is essential to gene regulation. Furthermore, these targets would greatly benefit from probe molecules to fully elucidate their biological actions and to potentially lead to therapeutics. However, these protein-protein interactions have been considered difficult to inhibit and few high-quality chemical probes currently exist for the study of epigenetic biological systems in particular.

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3

Smith, Karlene. "The role of the EGFR in HIF-2-driven VHL(--) RCC tumorigenesis." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27039.

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Inactivating mutations in the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene are associated with renal cell carcinoma (VHL-/- RCC). The VHL protein targets the alpha subunits of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) transcription factor for ubiquitination and degradation. VHL-/- RCC cells thus fail to degrade HIF-alpha, resulting in constitutive activation of HIF target genes and RCC tumorigenesis. Different HIF-alpha, isoforms exist, however, in RCC tumor formation is associated with HIF-2alpha. We previously demonstrated that HIF-dependent transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) production and subseq

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4

Bastien, Jacynthe. "Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins and associated factors in pancreatic cancer." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29194.

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Since the phenomenon was first identified, apoptosis has been proposed to serve as a barrier to the development of cancer in metazoans. Over the years, the inability to carry out apoptosis has been implicated in the initiation, formation and progression of tumors. Moreover, acquired resistance to apoptosis is now believed to represent a major obstacle to the successful application of oncotherapies. Caspases play a central role in the induction and execution of apoptosis. As such, their activity must be tightly regulated. To date, inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are the only known intrin

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5

Cheng, Alan 1972. "The physiological and cellular functions of PTPIB in obesity and cancer /." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82844.

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Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is the prototype for the superfamily of protein tyrosine phosphatases, and has been implicated in multiple signaling pathways. Of particular interest, gene targeting studies in mice have established PTP1B as a critical physiological regulator of insulin signaling and PTP1B knockout mice are resistant to both diabetes and obesity. At the start of this thesis, the mechanism underlying the role of PTP1B in obesity was not completely understood. Furthermore, the importance of PTP1B in cellular and oncogenic signaling was not well established. My docto

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6

Marcellus, Richard Charles. "Regulation of apoptosis by adenovirus type 5." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0023/NQ50216.pdf.

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7

Hahn, Mary Kathryn. "Exploring the Contribution of the Anti-Oxidant SOD1 to the Adaptation of Cancer Cells to Oxidative Stress Conditions." Thesis, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1547950.

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<p> Cancer cells are characterized by elevated ROS levels, which provide these cells with a distinct survival advantage, promoting proliferation, invasion, and resistance to apoptotic stimuli. In order to maintain ROS below a critical threshold that would otherwise result in death, cancer cells have appropriately adapted their anti-oxidative machinery. Here, I studied superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) as a potential contributor to cancer cell survival under conditions of high oxidative stress. I determined that SOD1 is up-regulated in a majority of cancer cells in which the activity of another dis

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8

Discenza, Maria Teresa. "Regulation of expression of the Wilms' tumour 1 tumour suppressor gene." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82855.

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Wilms' tumour, a pediatric kidney cancer that affects 1 in 10 000 children, is an excellent paradigm for studying the relationship between cancer and development. The Wilms' tumour suppressor 1 ( WT1) gene was identified through the study of hereditary cases of Wilms' tumour showing cytogenetic deletions at chromosome position 11p13. The WT1 gene encodes a zinc finger transcription factor necessary for the development of the genitourinary system. WT1 functions as an activator or a repressor, interacts with a number of different protein partners and regulates the expression of several ge

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9

Samuelson, David John. "Molecular mechanisms of reactive oxygen species production: Role of activator protein-1 mediated transcription ofgp91phox, a subunit of the superoxide anion producing phagocyte NADPH oxidase." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/279834.

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Exposures to a variety of agents, including the tumor-promoting agent 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), elicit inflammatory responses, which culminate with the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by phagocytes. Current hypotheses regarding tumor promotion include that ROS produced by phagocytic and epithelial cells may cause alterations in proliferation and/or differentiation of initiated cells within promoted tissues. Therefore, ROS production in response to TPA was investigated in HL60 phagocytes and MCF-7 mammary epithelial cells. The exposure of HL60 cells to TPA (0.1 μM) in

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10

Washo-Stultz, Delon Elizabeth. "The role of oxidative stress in bile salt-induced apoptosis: Relevance to colon carcinogenesis." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289150.

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Previous work from our laboratory indicated that the bile salt, sodium deoxy-cholate (NaDOC), induced apoptosis in cultured cells and in normal goblet cells of the colonic mucosa, and that the normal-appearing flat mucosa of patients with colon cancer exhibited apoptosis resistance. Secondary bile acids are known promoters of colon cancer, but the mechanism by which they promote cancer is still largely unknown. We have shown that high physiologic concentrations (0.5 mM) of NaDOC activates the redox-sensitive transcription factor, NF-κB, and also causes the formation of nitrotyrosine residues,

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11

Huffman, Olivia G. "Drug Discovery: identification of Anticancer Properties of Podophyllotoxin Analogues." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1588874335556129.

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12

Chander, Praveen. "Transforming Growth Factor - Beta (TGFβ) stimulated isoform specific activation of Akt2 via Ras mediates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT)". Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1283273467.

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13

Holloway, Amy Frances. "Investigation of the contribution of cutaneous HPV E6 proteins towards the development of non melanoma skin cancer." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9369b19d-21f7-44fd-b48a-aa3f3d59e456.

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Sunlight is the main aetiological agent in the development of non melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the fair skinned population. Mounting epidemiological and molecular data suggest that infection with cutaneous Human papillomavirus (HPV) may act as a co-factor in the early stages of NMSC development. The viral E6 protein can inhibit the apoptotic response to UV induced damage, partly through proteasomal degradation of the pro-apoptotic protein BAK. Upon UV damage, BAK undergoes a series of activating modifications that are linked to changes in phosphorylation s

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14

Neumann, Chase K. A. "Phosphatidylinositol Remodeling through Membrane Bound O-acyl Transferase Domain-7 (MBOAT7) Promotes the Progression of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC)." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1586250046745924.

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15

Yakkundi, Poonam. "Determining the role played by Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) in the colon carcinoma tumor model." Scholarly Commons, 2018. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3571.

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Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), commonly known as an environmental sensor involved in the metabolism and elimination of xenobiotic substances, is also an important modulator in the development and functioning of the immune system. AHR expression is varied in the T cell subsets with the highest expression in T-helper 17 and T regulatory cells. Work from many researchers has suggested that AHR can act as a tumor promoter or a tumor suppressor depending on the tumor type. Our goal is to understand the role played by AHR in MC38 syngeneic colon carcinoma tumor model. In the absence of AHR, MC38 t

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16

Yuvaraj, Padhmavathy. "Role of Smad4 in the Morphological and Migratory properties of Mouse Trophoblast stem cells." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1310755757.

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17

Kesoglidou, Poli Xenia. "E2F7 : a member of the E2F family with a novel mechanism of transcriptional repression." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5694f75b-0e73-493c-a6bd-da10793aded3.

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The mammalian E2F family of transcription factors plays a crucial role in the regulation of cellular proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation. E2F7 and E2F8 are the most recently identified family members and have unusual features that distinguish them from other members in the E2F family, including two distinct DNA-binding domains that bind to DNA in a DP-independent manner. E2F7 and E2F8 have been shown to be transcriptional repressors. However, the mechanism by which E2F7 represses E2F responsive gene expression remains to be elucidated. The results presented here provide the first insi

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18

Mohammad, Hanan Fathi. "Ellagic Acid-Mediated CK2 Inhibition, A Natural, Multifunctional Strategy to Trigger Cervical Cancer Cell Death in Vitro and in Vivo." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1337789869.

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19

Hammer, Anisha Mathur. "Elucidating the Roles of Stromal PDGF-receptors alpha and beta in Mammary Gland Development and Carcinogenesis." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492446436437557.

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20

Kommagani, Ramakrishna. "DIFFERENTIAL REGULATION OF VITAMIN D RECEPTOR (VDR) BY p53, p63 AND p73." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1239687284.

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21

Wang, Chaojie. "Characterizing the Role of RCAN1-4 in Thyroid Cancer Growth and Metastasis." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu149944291867735.

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22

Hiznay, James Matthew. "Molecular Analyses of DDX41 in the Spliceosome and Myeloid Neoplasms." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1555347987446859.

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23

De, Arpan. "Role of RHO- Family Guanosine Triphosphatase Effectors in Filopodia Dynamics." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1440176135.

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24

Chen, Minyi. "ERK3 as a BRAF-Regulated Tumor Suppressor is a New Potential Cancer Target in Melanoma." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1503705304750565.

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25

Rawal, Malvika. "Manganoporphyrins as adjuvants to enhance pharmacological ascorbate in pancreatic cancer therapy." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5046.

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With new insights on mechanism, there is renewed interest in the use of pharmacological ascorbate (AscH-) in cancer therapy. The generation of H2O2 with AscH- acting as an electron donor to O2 is central to AscH- -induced cytotoxicity. We hypothesized that catalytic manganoporphyrins (MnPs) would increase the rate of oxidation of AscH- thereby increasing the flux of H2O2, resulting in increased cytotoxicity. We tested three different MnPs: MnTBAP, MnT2EPyP, and MnT4MPyP, which represent a range of physicochemical and thermodynamic properties. Of the MnPs tested, MnT4MPyP had the greatest effec

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26

Yang, Zichu. "Regulation of prostate cancer cell function by activators of AMP-activated protein kinase." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2016. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7802/.

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AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key regulator of cell energy homeostasis. More recently, it has become apparent that AMPK regulates cell proliferation, migration and inflammation. Previous evidence has suggested that AMPK may influence proliferation and invasion by regulating the pro-proliferative mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). However, the mechanisms underlying this crosstalk between AMPK and MAPK signalling are not fully understood. As AMPK activation has been reported to have anti-proliferative effects, there has been increasing interest in AMPK activation as a therapeu

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27

Adams, Nyssa R. "Protein targets of two novel anticancer agents." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1311102442.

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28

Puram, Rishi Venkata. "Defining and Targeting Transcriptional Pathways in Leukemia Stem Cells." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:13070042.

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Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal neoplastic disorder organized as a cellular hierarchy, with the self-renewing leukemia stem cell (LSC) at the apex. Recurrent mutations in transcription factors (TF) and epigenetic regulators suggest that AML is driven by aberrant transcriptional circuits, but these circuits have not been fully defined in an LSC model. To study transcriptional mechanisms relevant to leukemogenesis in vivo, we generated a murine serial transplantation model of MLL-AF9-driven, myelomonocytic leukemia with genetically- and phenotypically-defined LSCs. Using this model,

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29

Yin, Xin. "The Roles Of Atf3, An Adaptive-Response Gene, In Breast Cancer Development." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1220406183.

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30

Keirsey, Jeremy K. "Phosphorylation regulation of the function, localization and protein interactions of the BLM helicase." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1343348330.

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31

Lee, Min-Hyung. "The Function of SUV39H Histone Methyltransferase in Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1283373657.

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32

Marusak, Charles. "MT1-MMP: TARGETING THE CENTER OF MELANOMA METASTASIS, GROWTH AND TREATMENT RESISTANCE." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1548327646756039.

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33

Yan, Dejun. "THE EFFECT OF CURCUMIN ON LEWIS LUNG CARCINOMA." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1308588440.

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34

Loftus, Sarah Jane. "Regulation of E2F-1 by methylation and NEDDylation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e0befc5a-76a3-4a35-b768-80a9dda6f307.

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E2F-1 has a central role in cell cycle orchestration, and its activity is tightly regulated. One of the ways E2F-1 activity is controlled is by direct modification by post translational modifications such as acetylation, ubiquitination and phosphorylation. Here it was demonstrated that E2F-1 is targeted by two novel modifications, namely methylation by Set7/9 and NEDDylation, both within the DNA binding and heterodimerisation domain of the protein. NEDDylation and methylation of E2F-1 both decrease the stability and diminish the transcriptional activity of E2F-1. Lysine residues in E2F-1 invol

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35

RICH, WENDY LEA. "Interrelationships Of The Estrogen-Producing Enzymes Network In Breast Cancer." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1230581012.

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36

Stacy, Andrew Jared. "Regulation of ΔNp63α by TIP60 promotes cellular proliferation". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1596151919161674.

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37

Robinson, Michael W. "Synthesis and Evaluation of Inducers of Methuotic Cell Death and Preliminary Identification of Their Cellular Targets in Glioblastoma Cells." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1372430209.

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38

Basu, Reetobrata. "Growth Hormone Receptor in Melanoma: A Unique Approach to Therapy." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1470923234.

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39

Fierer, J. O. "Development of spontaneous isopeptide bond formation for ligation of peptide tags." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:833289ee-87cf-42f0-a66f-ca9ef9dd6420.

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Peptide tags are ubiquitous in the life sciences, with roles including purification and selective labeling of proteins. Because peptide tags are small they have a limited surface area for binding and hence usually form low affinity protein interactions. These weak interactions limit the uses of peptide tags in cases that require resistance to forces generated with macromolecular architectures or protein motors. Hence a way to create a covalent interaction with a peptide tag would be useful. It was found possible to create a covalent bond-forming peptide tag using the spontaneous isopeptide che

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40

Veenstra, Cynthia. "The receptor tyrosine kinase Met and the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN2 in breast cancer." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-135047.

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Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer in women worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer death. It is a heterogeneous disease and is subdivided into different subtypes, all with different treatment responses and survival outcomes. Luminal breast cancers are characterised by the expression of oestrogen receptor and generally have a good prognosis. More aggressive tumours are marked by the presence of growth stimulating receptor tyrosine kinase HER2 (HER2-like breast cancer) or the absence of oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2 (triple-negative breast cancer,TNBC

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41

Rybaczyk, Leszek A. "Comparative Gene Expression Analysis To Identify Common Factors In Multiple Cancers." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1211958921.

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42

Litteral, Vaughn. "mdm2 Amplification in NIH3T3L1 Preadipocytes Leads to Mdm2 Elevation in Terminal Adipogenesis." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1216825497.

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43

Corrêa, Ricardo Garcia. "Geração de \"Etiquetas de sequências expressas\" dirigidas para porções codificadoras dos genes (Orestes): identificação de novos genes humanos expressos em câncer de mama." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46131/tde-22112018-163046/.

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Etiquetas de sequências expressas (ESTs) são fundamentais para a identificação de genes no genoma humano e para definir características de expressão gênica. Neste trabalho, descrevemos uma nova abordagem para a geração de bibliotecas de cDNA, utilizando iniciadores arbitrários para a produção, por PCR, de mini-bibliotecas a partir de mRNA derivado de câncer de mama. Clones destas bibliotecas foram sequenciadas para gerar 6029 ESTs. Utilizando esta abordagem, foi possível observar uma significante normalização das diferentes sub-populações de mRNA e amplificação preferencial de porções centrais

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44

Gaentzsch, Ricarda E. G. "Establishment and maintenance of the DNA methylation pattern in the human alpha-globin cluster." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fecf70d2-4845-4f42-b890-c163a1020eec.

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DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that plays an important role in development and differentiation. The patterns of DNA methylation are largely established in early embryogenesis and maintained during development. Abnormal DNA methylation patterns have been associated with many human diseases, including cancer. Despite its importance, little is currently known about the mechanisms that determine DNA methylation patterns throughout the genome. To shed light on the molecular mechanisms that regulate DNA methylation, this study investigates whether DNA methylation patterns are establis

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45

Carpenter, Oliver L. "Ultraviolet Light-Induced Regulation of Transcription and Translation, COX-2 Expression and Noncanonical NF-κB Activation". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1382624015.

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Williams, Jennifer Nicole. "Metal Containing Nucleosides that Function as Therapeutic and Diagnostic Agents Against Brain Cancer." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1409238775.

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47

Tomko, Nicholas Daniel. "Docosahexaenoate Oxidation in the Progression of Glioblastoma: Mechanistic Studies and Evaluation of a Therapeutic Antibody." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1544194949142565.

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48

Senkowski, Wojciech. "High-throughput screening using multicellular tumor spheroids to reveal and exploit tumor-specific vulnerabilities." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Cancerfarmakologi och beräkningsmedicin, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-320598.

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High-throughput drug screening (HTS) in live cells is often a vital part of the preclinical anticancer drug discovery process. So far, two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cell cultures have been the most prevalent model in HTS endeavors. However, 2D cell cultures often fail to recapitulate the complex microenvironments of in vivo tumors. Monolayer cultures are highly proliferative and generally do not contain quiescent cells, thought to be one of the main reasons for the anticancer therapy failure in clinic. Thus, there is a need for in vitro cellular models that would increase predictive value of

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O'Hara, Connor P. "Inhibition of Cancer Stem Cells by Glycosaminoglycan Mimetics." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5989.

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Connor O’Hara July 29, 2019 Inhibition of Cancer Stem Cells by Glycosaminoglycan Mimetics In the United States cancer is the second leading cause of death, with colorectal cancer (CRC) being the third deadliest cancer and expected to cause over 51,000 fatalities in 2019 alone.1 The current standard of care for CRC depends largely on the staging, location, and presence of metastasis.2 As the tumor grows and invades nearby lymph tissue and blood vessels, CRC has the opport

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Webb, James D. "Studies on HIF hydroxylases." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5dd74f32-9579-484e-885f-3f57a1e9f24f.

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Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is the master regulator of genes involved in adaptation to hypoxia. The stability and transcriptional activity of HIF are regulated by post-translational hydroxylations: prolyl hydroxylation by the prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing enzymes PHD1 – 3 earmarks HIF for proteasomal degradation, whilst asparaginyl hydroxylation by factor inhibiting HIF (FIH) blocks the interaction of HIF with the transcriptional coactivators p300/CBP. The PHDs and FIH hydroxylate HIF directly from molecular oxygen and are therefore oxygen sensors. Recent literature shows that FIH al

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