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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Biology|Parasitology'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 July 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Pilar, Ana Victoria. "Biochemical and molecular characterization of the glycosomal PTS2 import receptor peroxin 7 in «Leishmania donovani»." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32255.

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The Leishmania peroxin 7 (LmPEX7 or LdPEX7) is the receptor that translocates PTS2 signal-containing proteins into the glycosome. This microbody is unique to and crucial for the survival of trypanosomatids which include Leishmania and Trypanosoma, the causative agents of leishmaniasis and African sleeping sickness, respectively. Proteins are imported into the glycosome via two pathways, PTS1 and PTS2, which involves the formation of a PTS-receptor complex in the cytosol, docking of the complex on a transl

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2

Geukers, Karen. "Characterization of CFF in the sera of plasmodium-infected mice." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104816.

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The objective of this study was to further characterize the inhibitory serum protein crisis form factor, or CFF, and identify candidate proteins responsible for CFF activity. Four models for serum CFF induction were tested: C57BL/6 mice infected with P. chabaudi adami AS, C57BL/6 mice inoculated with BCG + LPS, and BALB/c mice infected with P. chabaudi adami DS or DK. C57BL/6 mice infected with P. chabaudi adami AS produced sera with the most pronounced level of inhibitory activity and were used for CFF analysis. Heat inactivation did not affect CFF activity, indicating the observed effect

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3

El-Shehabi, Fouad. "Characterization of novel biogenic amine receptors in the human bloodfluke «Schistosoma mansoni»." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86610.

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The genome of the human bloodfluke Schistosoma mansoni encodes 18 putative biogenic amine-like G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). These receptors are potential targets for the development of antischistosomal drugs. One of these sequences, SmGPR-1 (formerly SmGPCR), was previously cloned and was identified as a histamine receptor. In this study, we expanded the functional analysis of SmGPR-1 by studying its expression and tissue distribution both at the RNA and protein levels in different developmental stages of the parasite. In the second part of the study, we cloned and characterized two st

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4

Sen, Rajashree. "Structure-function analysis of RNA editing ligases and their interacting protein partners in the editosome complex of «Trypanosoma brucei»." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95053.

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Trypanosoma brucei is a parasite that causes the vector-borne disease African sleeping sickness. The mitochondrial mRNAs of T. brucei undergo post-transcriptional RNA editing to make mature, functional mRNAs. The final step of this process is catalyzed by the essential ligase, Kinetoplastid RNA Editing Ligase 1(KREL1) and closely related KREL2. This study is an in vitro characterization of interaction of KREL1 and KREL2 with binding partners KREPA2 and KREPA1, respectively, using full-length, truncated and point-mutated ligases. We have shown a strong, specific stimulatory effect of the intera

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5

Rao, Vijayaraghava. "Characterization of novel ligand-gated chloride channel subunits from «Haemonchus contortus»." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95130.

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Ligand-gated chloride channels (LGCCs) are key components that form the inhibitory neurotransmission system in animals. Nematodes possess LGCCs that are gated by unique ligands such glutamate, serotonin and acetylcholine. Higher living forms such as mammals are not known to possess similar receptors. Hence nematodes can be deemed to comprise a phylum with a divergent inhibitory neurotransmission system. Based on this premise, the current project aimed to better understand the inhibitory nervous system of the parasitic nematode, Haemonchus contortus through the characterization of novel LGCC su

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6

Rioux, Marie-Claire. "A study of the proteomics of fasciolosis." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106286.

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Fasciolosis is an economically important veterinary parasitic disease. Of the two causative agents, Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica, F. hepatica has a greater ability to effectively establish a primary infection and resist the host defences. Certain host species, such as cattle, are more resistant to reinfection than others, such as sheep. In order to gain a greater understanding of the host response to infection, proteomic analyses of sera from sheep and cattle infected with F. hepatica were undertaken. Twenty-six indicators of infection were validated by SELDI-TOF mass spectrometry

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7

Gonzalez, Santana Bibiana. "Cysteine proteases: potential serodiagnostic reagents for human Schistosomiasis and Fasciolosis." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110691.

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Schistosomiasis and fasciolosis are parasitic diseases that affect a great number of people, particularly in developing countries, and cause huge global morbidity. Diagnosis is essential for control, treatment and prognosis of the diseases and yet a simple, cheap, sensitive and specific assay is not readily available for either of them. In the current study, cathepsin B (SmCB) and cathepsin L1 (FhCL1) were investigated as potential diagnostic reagents to detect schistosomiasis and fasciolosis, respectively, in humans. The genes encoding SmCB and FhCL1 were expressed Pichia pastoris and the pro

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8

Solomon, Jonathan. "The localization and «in vitro» detection of «Brugia malayi» secreted proteins." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32546.

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Products excreted or secreted (ES) by parasitic nematodes may contribute to the processes of infection and tissue migration of the parasite, modulating the host immune response and host physiology. These ES products allow the parasite to persist and survive in conditions that would otherwise bar or destroy them. cDNAs encoding three known secreted proteins of Brugia malayi was cloned for expression in E. coli and subsequent protein purification. These proteins were chosen because they have been reported t

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9

Moreno, Yovany. "Characterization of secretory processes and the secretome of parasitic nematodes." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106464.

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Relatively little is known about the molecular mechanisms displayed by parasitic nematodes to infect a host; however, it has been generally recognized that successful parasitic nematode infections rely on their ability to release a variety of products commonly named Excretory-Secretory Products (ESP). To gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms that lead to the establishment of filarial nematode infections, we collected and analyzed through 1D-SDS PAGE and LC-MS/MS the ESP of Brugia malayi adult females, adult males and microfilariae, one of the etiological agents of human lymphatic filar

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10

Diawara, Aïssatou. "Development of DNA assays for the detection of single nucleotide polymorphism associated with benzimidazole resistance, in human soil-transmitted helminths." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19242.

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Soil-transmitted helminths are parasitic worms of humans, causing many disabilities in tropical parts of the developing world. Control programs such as "The Focussing Resources on Effective School Health” (FRESH) Partnership have been implemented to remove human soil transmitted nematodes through large-scale use of benzimidazole anthelmintic drugs for school-aged children in developing countries. The benzimidazole drugs, albendazole and mebendazole are used as a single annual dose in areas where the burden is high. Unfortu

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11

Gomez, Gonzalez Maria. "«Leishmania»-macrophage interactions: regulations of protein tyrosine phosphatases and its implication in the outcome of infection." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40736.

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The outcome of Leishmania infection depends both on host and pathogen factors. Macrophages, the specialized host cell for uptake and intracellular development of Leishmania parasites, play a central role in the control of infection. Underlying their effector and accessory functions is the activation of signalling pathways, which in turn are largely controlled by events of protein phosphorylation. Consequently, the regulation of protein kinase and phosphatase activities results critical for the sequential progression of the signalling cascade, and therefore for the control of antimicrobial and

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12

Odiere, Maurice. "Energetic, morphologic and physiologic responses during «Heligmosomoides bakeri» (Nematoda) infection and protein deficiency in pregnant and lactating mice." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95137.

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This research investigated the concurrent effects of a gastrointestinal nematode infection Heligmosomoides bakeri, pregnancy, and protein deficiency (PD) during late pregnancy throughout lactation on energetic, morphologic and immunological responses in CD1 mice and their offspring. Our novel findings can be summarized broadly into three key themes: (i) energetics and resting metabolic rate, (ii) bone metabolism and (iii) immune development. This work highlights the largely independent ways in which the mouse responds to competing demands of pregnancy, infection, and PD. Pregnancy increased R

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13

Abu, Dayyeh Issa. "Alteration of macrophage signalling and functions by the protozoan parasite «Leishmania»." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66771.

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Parasites of the genus Leishmania are able to secure their survival and propagation within their host by altering key signalling pathways involved in the ability of macrophages (MØs) to directly kill pathogens or to activate cells of the adaptive immune system. One important step in this immune evasion process is the Leishmania-induced activation of host protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1. SHP-1 has been shown to directly inactivate JAK2 and Erk1/2, and to play a role in the negative regulation of several transcription factors involved in MØ activation such as: NF-B, STAT-1α

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14

McLean, James. "Purification and characterization of the Leishmania PTS2 receptor, Peroxin 7, an essential receptor for glycosme biogenesis." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110401.

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The trypanosomatid parasite Leishmania infects 12 million people in tropical countries. This neglected tropical disease causes debilitating and often fatal consequences in the absence of chemotherapeutic intervention. Consequently, there is a need to identify new drug targets to combat the increasing incidence of resistance to current treatments. An attractive drug target in these parasites is the glycosome, a unique microbody organelle that compartmentalizes several essential enzymatic pathways behind an impermeable membrane. The Leishmania major Peroxin 7 (LPEX7) is a receptor protein that r

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15

Moncada, Darcy Marie. "Entamoeba histolytica cysteine proteinases facilitate parasite invasion of the colon by disrupting the colonic mucus barrier." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85940.

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The protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica is the etiological agent of human amebiasis. Trophozoites colonize the colonic mucus layer and may invade the epithelium subsequent to overcoming the mucus barrier. MUC2 is the major gel-forming mucin secreted by goblet cells in the colon and serves to maintain epithelial barrier function as well as acting as a major host defense against invading pathogens. The polymerization of MUC2 monomers via the N- and C- terminal cysteine rich D-domains is essential for mucus gel formation and confers protection to the underlying mucosa. Amoebae secrete

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16

Taman, Amira. "Characterization of novel glutamate and dopamine neurotransmitter receptors in the bloodfluke Schistosoma mansoni." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97063.

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Schistosomes are among the most complex parasites affecting humans. They are dioecious parasites with an indirect life cycle that requires two hosts, a snail intermediate host and a human definitive host. The complexity of the life cycle is made possible, in part by the parasite's nervous system, which coordinates behavior and all major physiological activities of the worm. Neuronal signaling in schistosomes is mediated by a variety of neurotransmitters and associated receptors. Among these transmitters are dopamine and the neuroactive amino acid, glutamate. Both have been implicated in the co

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17

Godoy, Rosas Pablo. "Functional analysis of «Haemonchus contortus» P-glycoprotein-A and interaction with macrocyclic lactones." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97122.

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Macrocyclic lactone (ML) resistance has been described in the parasitic nematode, Haemonchus contortus. One of the mechanisms involved could be the over expression of P-glycoproteins (Pgps) which are ABC transporters. These proteins may influence the concentration of MLs that reach their target. In H. contortus one ABC transporter that is overexpressed in ML resistant parasites is Pgp-A (HcPgp-A). The goal of this project was the expression of HcPgp-A, in transfected LLC-PK1 cells, and to see the effect of ivermectin and moxidectin on inhibition of rhodamine 123 transport by the transfected ce

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18

Janukavicius, Patrick. "dyf-7 is responsible for the low levels of ivermectin resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans strains IVR6 and IVR10." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114329.

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Ivermectin has been a very useful drug for the control of diseases caused by helminths. However, the occurrence of drug resistant parasites is a major concern. In an attempt to mimic the conditions under which ivermectin resistance is selected for in the field, James and Davey (2009) generated the IVR6 and IVR10 Caenorhabditis elegans strains from a wild-type strain by growing them in the presence of sub-lethal doses of ivermectin for several generations. To better understand the mechanisms by which ivermectin resistance might arise, I have investigated the IVR6 and IVR10 strains. I found

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19

Patocka, Nicholas. "Identification of a serotonin transporter and serotonin receptor in «Schistosoma mansoni»: a step towards better understanding the serotonergic system." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114120.

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Among the top list of neglected tropical diseases sits schistosomiasis, a parasitic disease caused by the flatworm Schistosoma. The disease involves an intermediate snail host and the definitive human host with infection taking place through the skin in contaminated water, one of the reasons for its wide distribution. The diversity of the life cycle stages and the ability of the parasite to have adapted to quite different environments speak to the complexity of the organism. The underlying system that coordinates and controls all biological functions of the parasite is its nervous system.

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20

Leroux, Louis-Philippe. "Subversion of MHC-II antigen presentation by «Toxoplasma gondii» involves parasite secretory organelles and the modulation of host immune effectors in the endocytic pathway." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114251.

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The obligate intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, is a highly ubiquitous pathogen that infects virtually any warm-blooded animal. Although the infection generally remains asymptomatic in healthy individuals, the parasite invariably encysts. It has been shown that T. gondii is able to achieve this goal at least by interfering with MHC-II antigen presentation to dampen the development of the CD4+ T helper cell response and gain a head start on the host adaptive immune system. Previous reports have shown that T. gondii inhibits transcription

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21

Kala, Smriti. "Identification and characterization of RNA binding and protein interaction domains of the key editosome protein KREPA4." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114349.

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Most mitochondrial mRNAs in trypanosomatid parasites require uridine insertion/deletion RNA editing, a process mediated by guide RNA (gRNA) and catalyzed by multi-protein complexes called editosomes. The research presented in this thesis began at a time when many of the proteins in the editosome complexes and some of their functions and interactions had been identified. However, little was known about how these proteins assemble and work together. Recent studies have established that the six oligonucleotide/ oligosaccharide binding (OB)-fold proteins (KREPA1-A6), are a part of the common core

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22

Halpenny, Carli. "Interrelationships among gastrointestinal infections, stunting and their socio-ecological determinants in impoverished Panamanian preschool children: a spatio-temporal ecohealth approach." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114379.

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Background: Although growth stunting, height for age Z score (HAZ) <-2SD, results from sustained poor diet and frequent infection both of which are influenced by social and biophysical factors, few studies have used a transdisciplinary ecohealth framework for a comprehensive analysis of this relationship. Objective: To examine the interrelationships between preschool child stunting and gastrointestinal infections within the biophysical, social and spatial context of extreme poverty among the Ngäbe in Western Panama where conditional food voucher (FV) and cash transfer (CT) programs occurred.

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23

McCall, Laura-Isobel. "Parasite and host determinants of visceral leishmaniasis." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116947.

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Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by Leishmania protozoa and transmitted by a sand fly vector. There are three main disease manifestations: self-healing but scarring cutaneous leishmaniasis, mucocutaneous leishmaniasis with destruction of the mucosal tissues in the nose, mouth and throat, and visceral leishmaniasis in which parasites disseminate to the bone marrow, liver and spleen, leading to high fever, hepatosplenomegaly, wasting, and death in the absence of treatment. Visceral leishmaniasis is the second most lethal tropical disease after malaria. A key question of le

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24

Dasanayake, Dayal. "Identification of candidate Toxoplasma gondii factors that are responsible for the inhibition of interferon gamma mediated up-regulation of major histocompatibility complex class-II." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=117163.

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The obligate intracellular pathogen Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most successful pathogens in the world, with an average worldwide infection rate of ~30 % in humans. The ability of the T. gondii to establish persistent infections in immunocompetent hosts is likely due to its immune evasion strategies that include interference with T cell activation, blocking of pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling while stimulating anti-inflammatory signaling and preventing the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) molecules by immune cells. This blocking the production of MHC-II b

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25

Renteria, Flores Axel. "Novel drugs against protozoan parasites." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116979.

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Cryptosporidium parvum and Trypanosoma brucei are two protozoan parasites that can cause life-threatening illnesses in humans. Over 70 million people on the African continent are at risk of contracting T.brucei. In the case of C.parvum, infections are cosmopolitan, and a major problem is that it can be acquired very easily and requires only an infectious dose of 10 oocysts to cause the illness. If released in the public water supplies, C.parvum can endanger entire cities. This is one reason why C.parvum is categorized as a Class B bioterrorist weapon. Despite the threat C.parvum poses and the

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Baakdah, Fadi. "Identification of PfCRT interacting proteins." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121534.

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The lethal form of human malaria is caused by the most prominent human protozoan parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, responsible for an estimated ~1 million deaths annually. Malaria treatment and, prevention heavily rely on antimalarial drugs. The synthetic substitute of quinine, chloroquine, was the most effective treatment for this disease. The rise of chloroquine resistant malaria in endemic areas has suppressed control efforts. Chloroquine resistance has been associated with mutations in a transmembrane protein on the digestive vacuole of the parasite, designated PfCRT. Moreover, the normal f

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Rashid, Mohammed. "Characterization of putative cation-selective nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of the parasitic blood fluke «Schistosoma mansoni»." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123079.

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Schistosomiasis is one of the most socioeconomically important parasitic diseases, affecting over 200 million people worldwide. Praziquantel is the only drug treatment available in most parts of the world and there is an urgent need to find a viable alternative to this drug. Acetylcholine-gated ion channels of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) family have been shown to be effective drug targets for treatment of various helminth infections. Here, we describe a first investigation of putative nAChR subunits of the model parasite, Schistosoma mansoni. Four predicted subunits, smp_03168

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Sharma, Nidhi. "Developmental expression analysis and RNA interference (RNAi) screen of putative neuromuscular receptors of «Schistosoma mansoni»." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123300.

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In parasitic platyhelminths, including Schistosoma mansoni the coordination of neuromuscular system is critical for continued propagation, development and successful completion of the lifecycle. Neuromuscular signaling in these parasites is mediated by a variety of neurotransmitters, both small molecules ("classical") transmitters and neuropeptides. Biogenic amines (BA) constitute the largest subset of classical neurotransmitters and play several key roles in the control of schistosome muscle function and movement. There are several putative BA receptors identified in the S. mansoni genome, t

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Dufour, Vanessa. "Molecular characterization of novel glutamate-gated chloride channel subunits from «Schistosoma mansoni»." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123127.

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Flatworms of the genus Schistosoma are wide-spread and clinically significant parasites of humans in the tropics and sub-tropics. In evolutionary terms, they are representatives of the earliest metazoans to have evolved separate sexes, and to possess anatomically distinct central and peripheral nervous systems. Schistosome infections are currently controlled by a single drug, praziquantel (PZQ), but the emergence of schistosome strains resistant to PZQ is a growing concern.A deeper understanding of the basic biology of schistosomes is the first step towards target-based drug discovery. Neurona

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Strasser, Rona. "Protein-protein interactions of receptors LdPEX5 and LPEX7 with PTS1 and PTS2 cargo proteins, and with glycosomal docking protein LdPEX14 for protein import into «Leishmania donovani»." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=122960.

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A unique subcellular structure found in Leishmania donovani is the glycosome. This organelle compartmentalizes the enzymatic machinery required for multiple metabolic pathways, including glycolysis. Correct targeting of glycosomal enzymes is essential for parasite viability. Proteins targeted to the glycosome have either a C-terminal PTS1 or N-terminal PTS2 topogenic signal sequence, which is recognized by cytosolic receptors LdPEX5 or LPEX7, respectively. These cargo-loaded receptors interact with the peroxin protein LdPEX14, located on the cytosolic face of the glycosomal membrane, an event

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Chehayeb, James. "Proteomic analysis of «Ascaris suum» fluid compartments and secretory products." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123155.

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Ascaris lumbricoides infects at least 10% of the world's population and is a public health issue in most low-to-middle income countries. Survival of this parasite in its host is mediated at least in part by materials exported to the host in secretions. Although very little is known about the composition of these secretions, defining their contents and functions could shed light on the host-parasite interactions that lead to parasite establishment and persistence in the host. Ascaris suum, a parasite of pigs, was used as a model organism because its genome has been sequenced and it is closely r

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Davidsen, Amanda. "Biophysical investigations of structural features and interactions of «Leishmania donovani» Peroxin 5." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123260.

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Parasites of the genus Leishmania cause a broad array of diseases, collectively termed leishmaniasis. These diseases range in morbidity; the cutaneous form is typically self healing, while the mucocutaneous and visceral manifestations require chemotherapeutic intervention to avoid lethality. At present there is no vaccine, and current methods of chemotherapeutic intervention have severe drawbacks, together creating a dire need for new options to combat these destructive diseases. An organelle within the parasite, the glycosome, has been identified as an attractive drug target. The glycosome co

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Kvasager, Danielle Kay. "Prevalence, Statistical Trends and Phylogenetics of Blood Parasites (Haemosporidia| Haemoproteus, Plasmodium and Leucocytozoon) in Songbird Passerines from Grasslands of northwest Minnesota." Thesis, The University of North Dakota, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10003494.

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<p>Passerine birds that primarily use grassland habitats are rarely the focus of a parasite study. With many rapidly declining bird populations that breed at even faster decreasing grassland habitat, it is important to know the potential risks to the birds posed by blood parasites. During the breeding seasons of 2009-2011, 150 samples from 148 individual birds (fourteen species) were collected from five grassland sites in northwest Minnesota, USA and surveyed for blood parasites using microscopy and molecular methods. Eighty-five (56.67%) of the 150 samples were infected with at least one of t

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Varrecchia, Melissa M. "Identification and Characterization of the Forkhead Box Family of Transcriptional Regulators in Parasitic Schistosomes." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case149728975688442.

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Lim, Caeul. "Understanding the Determinants of Human Red Blood Cell Tropism of Understudied Plasmodium Species." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493488.

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Malaria control programs in the past decade have been successful in decreasing the global burden of Plasmodium falciparum, the more virulent of the Plasmodium species causing malaria in humans. However, as the public health community gears towards elimination and eradication of malaria, there is need for an attention shift towards research of neglected Plasmodium species. A central event in malaria pathogenesis is the invasion of host red blood cells (RBCs) mediated by specific interactions between parasite ligands and RBC receptors. These interactions, also called invasion pathways, can be m

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Demas, Allison Ross. "Selection at Work in Plasmodium Falciparum: Lessons From the Expanded Acyl CoA Synthetase Gene Family and in Vitro Artemisinin Resistance." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493610.

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Approximately one third of the world’s population is at risk of contracting malaria. The World Health Organization estimates there were over 200 million news cases of malaria in 2015, resulting in nearly 500,000 deaths from this preventable disease. The majority of fatalities occur in Sub-Saharan Africa, where Plasmodium falciparum malaria causes severe disease in children under the age of five and pregnant women. In the last decade, increased anti-malaria interventions have resulted in substantial decreases in cases and fatalities. However, the recent emergence of artemisinin drug resistance

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Diawara, Aïssatou. "Molecular and epidemiological studies on human soil-transmitted helminths before and after albendazole treatment." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119411.

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Soil transmitted helminths (STHs) are gastrointestinal nematodes of humans. Periodic deworming with albendazole (ABZ) and mebendazole (MBZ) is applied to control STHs. However, repeated treatment can cause selection of mutations in the β-tubulin gene at codons 167, 198 and 200 leading to resistance. To maintain an effective control strategy it is crucial to identify resistance, if any, at an early stage. Method: We have developed accurate molecular assays for STHs to detect β-tubulin genetic changes at codons 200, 167 and 198 associated with resistance. We also optimized the in vitro egg hatch

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Zanet, Phillip. "Characterization of two novel cysteine proteases in the free-living organism «Macrostomum ligano »." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119584.

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The objective of this study was to explore Macrostomum lignano, a free-living organism, as a model organism for parasitic trematodes, such as Fasciola and Schistosoma, in order to better understand the role of their cysteine proteases (cathepsins). Using a bioinformatics approach, two novel cysteine proteases genes (mlcl1 and mlcb2) were identified and phylogenetically characterized. These genes were synthesized, cloned into the yeast secretory system Pichia pastoris (Invitrogen), and functionally-active recombinant proteins were expressed and purified. These recombinant peptidases were then c

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Cyr, Normand. "Role of «Leishmania donovani» peroxin 14 in glycosomal import machinery." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114123.

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Peroxisomes are organelles found in eukaryotic cells where several oxidative processes take place. Enzymes destined for the peroxisome generally contain either a C-terminal or a N-terminal peroxisomal targeting signal, named PTS1 and PTS2 respectively. These signals are cytosolically recognized by their correspondent receptors PEX5 and PEX7 prior to being recruited at the surface of the peroxisomal membrane where the complex docks onto PEX14. Then, enzymes are transported in a natively folded fashion inside the organelle where they are released. In trypanosomatids, other metabolic pathways, in

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Koskella, Britt L. "An examination of host-parasite coevolution and negative frequency-dependent selection in a snail-trematode system." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3331252.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Biology, 2008.<br>Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 27, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-11, Section: B, page: 6617. Adviser: Curt M. Lively.

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O'Leary, Patricia Anne. "The Development of Fiddler Crabs (Uca Spp.) as a Comparative Model System for the Parasitic Dinoflagellate, Hematodinium Perezi and its Natural Host the Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus." W&M ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1550153657.

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Herein, I have completed several experiments which encompass developing fiddler crabs as a model system, as well as sentinel and temperature studies to investigate biotic and abiotic factors in parasite transmission. My studies show which factors prevent, delay, or accelerate transmission and progression of H. perezi. The fiddler crab experiments by chapter are as follows: Chapter 1. I screened adult and juvenile fiddler crab populations for naturally occurring H. perezi infections at endemic and non-endemic sites. No natural infections were found in the adult or juvenile populations (Chapter

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Peterson, Jennifer Kate. "Life history consequences of infection with Chagas disease agent Trypansoma cruzi for its invertebrate host Rhodnius prolixus." Thesis, Princeton University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3686674.

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<p> Every interaction between species occurs in a heterogeneous environment that presents countless contexts that shape the interaction over time and space. The consequences of these interactions can regulate populations, as they trickle down to influence the genes that an individual passes on to its offspring, and then, in turn, scale back up to influence the genetic and phenotypic composition of future populations. In this work, I sought to uncover how these principles play out in the interactions between an invertebrate vector of human disease and the disease agent it carries. Disease vecto

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Dankwa, Selasi. "Sialic acid variation as a determinant of Plasmodium invasion of erythrocytes in malaria infection." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467188.

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Sialic acids are acidic sugars that terminate glycan chains on proteins or lipids on vertebrate cell surfaces. They vary greatly in structure, presentation and amount, all of which are important physiologically, but can also impact the tissue and host tropism of diverse pathogens. Parasites of the genus Plasmodium cause malaria, a disease characterized by a cyclical process of parasite invasion of host erythrocytes, growth and replication and fresh invasion of new erythrocytes. During erythrocyte invasion – an event central to malaria pathogenesis – proteins on the surface of the parasite, kn

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Goldowitz, Ilana Sarah. "Plasmodium's Crossroads: Deciphering the Molecular Pathway That Leads to Malaria Transmission." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467311.

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Plasmodium falciparum is the causative agent of the most severe form of malaria. Transmission from humans to mosquito vectors is an essential step in this eukaryotic parasite‘s life cycle and in the spread of malaria disease, which killed nearly 600,000 people in 2013. I investigated the developmental switch parasites make to the transmission stage or gametocyte, with the goal of identifying molecular mechanisms and environmental triggers of gametocyte formation. In Chapter 2 of this dissertation, I discuss the completion of a genetic mutagenesis screen leading to the discovery of a putative E

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Weirather, Jason Lee. "Computational approaches to the study of human trypanosomatid infections." Thesis, The University of Iowa, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3609102.

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<p> Trypanosomatids cause human diseases such as leishmaniasis and African trypanosomiasis. Trypanosomatids are protists from the order Trypanosomatida and include species of the genera <i>Trypanosoma</i> and <i> Leishmania</i>, which occupy a similar ecological niche. Both have digenic life-stages, alternating between an insect vector and a range of mammalian hosts. However, the strategies used to subvert the host immune system differ greatly as do the clinical outcome of infections between species. The genomes of both the host and the parasite instruct us about strategies the pathogens u

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Sheridan, Christine Moore. "Probing Translational Regulation by the Malaria Parasite Plasmodium falciparum| Applying a Novel In Vitro Assay to Identify Genetic Determinants of Regulation and Identify Small Molecules Exploiting P. falciparum Translation as a Drug Target." Thesis, University of California, San Francisco, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10936021.

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<p> Over half of all pregnancies worldwide occur in malaria endemic regions. Placental malaria, a serious condition caused by the malaria parasite <i> Plasmodium falciparum</i>, occurs when malaria-infected red blood cells adhere to the tissue of the placenta, with potentially devastating consequences for both mother and infant. Placental malaria infections are responsible for approximately 30% of preventable low birth weight newborns, 20% of stillbirths, and 200,000 infant deaths per year in Africa alone. Placental malaria infection is mediated by VAR2CSA, a <i>P. falciparum</i> protein that

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Olego-Fernandez, S. "A calpain-like multigene family in Trypanosoma brucei." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5256ea6f-4da0-4d42-b77c-a0d2da6f3af2.

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Trypanosomatid parasites are unicellular eukaryotes characterised by the presence of a subpellicular array of microtubules, a single flagellum, and a kinetoplast (containing the condensed mitochondrial DNA). The majority of trypanosomatid species undergo complex life-cycles, alternating between a mammalian host and an insect vector. Progression through this life-cycle requires the differentiation of trypanosomatids into distinct, niche adapted developmental forms. Differentiation into each life-cycle stage involves important biochemical and morphological changes, including the remodelling of t

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Swenerton, Ryan Kells. "Biochemical and functional characterization of serine proteases in Leishmania." Diss., Search in ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. UC Only, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3390080.

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Yelpaala, Yuora. "The characterization of cysteine protease 4 and superoxide dismutase 6 in Trichomonas vaginalis." Scholarly Commons, 2014. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/189.

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Pathogenesis attributable to infection with Trichomonas vaginalis , the causative agent of Trichomoniasis, is largely unknown although cysteine proteases have been implicated. This paper investigated the role of cysteine protease 4 (CP4) in T. vaginalis through characterization and expression of CP4. T. vaginalis strains showed differential protein and mRNA expression, although it was unclear which CP4 variants (other than TVAG_355480 and TVAG_467970) were recognized by the CP4 antibody for the protein studies. Iron did not regulate expression of TVAG_355480 and TVAG_467970 at the transcriptio

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Van, Tyne Daria Natalie. "Identification and Characterization of Novel Drug Resistance Loci in Plasmodium falciparum." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10715.

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Malaria has plagued mankind for millennia. Antimalarial drug use over the last century has generated highly drug-resistant parasites, which amplify the burden of this disease and pose a serious obstacle to control efforts. This dissertation is motivated by the simple fact that malaria parasites have become resistant to nearly every antimalarial drug that has ever been used, yet the precise genetic mechanisms of parasite drug resistance remain largely unknown. Our work pairs genomics-age technologies with molecular biology, genetics and molecular epidemiology in order to identify and characteri

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