Journal articles: 'Biology - Social aspects'

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Regosin, Jonathan V., and Stephen Pruett-Jones. "Aspects of Breeding Biology and Social Organization in the Scissor-Tailed Flycatcher." Condor 97, no. 1 (February 1995): 154–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1368993.

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MASSEY, DOUGLAS S. "Social and Economic Aspects of Immigration." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1038, no. 1 (December 2004): 206–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1315.028.

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Clark, Rebecca L., and Rosalind Berkowitz King. "Social and Economic Aspects of Immigration." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1136, no. 1 (July 25, 2008): 289–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1425.021.

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Bromham, David R. "Surrogacy: Ethical, legal, and social aspects." Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics 12, no. 8 (September 1995): 509–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02212913.

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Сухов, А. Н., and Л. Н. Каращук. "Social and Psychological Aspects of Trust in Medical Patients." Психолого-педагогический поиск, no. 2(62) (August 5, 2022): 138–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37724/rsu.2022.62.2.015.

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Проблема доверия к врачу в настоящее время приобретает особую актуальность, так как возрастает потребность общества в психологически грамотных специалистах, способных целенаправленно развивать доверительные отношения со своими пациентами. Кроме того, актуальность обусловливается отсутствием специальной подготовки будущих специалистов в этом направлении, а также недостаточной разработкой проблемы доверительных отношений в отечественной психологии.В статье дается анализ уже существующих подходов к содержанию доверия в рамках различных отраслей научной деятельности с акцентом на психологическую составляющую контента данного феномена. Прослеживается трансформация понимания доверия во временном аспекте вплоть до современного осмысления. Вместе с тем изучается теоретический аспект доверия во взаимоотношениях субъектов и анализируется содержание этого аспекта в трудах различных ученых (А. Селигмен, А. Б. Купрейченко, Т. П. Скрипкина и др.).В эмпирической части исследования рассматриваются особенности содержательного аспекта феномена доверия, то есть контента доверия в отношениях «врач — пациент». Исследование было проведено на выборке из пациентов, находящихся на стационарном лечении в следующих отделениях: хирургическое, травматологическое, терапевтическое ГБУ РО «Городская клиническая больница скорой медицинской помощи» (ГКБСМП) и пульмонологическое ГБУ РО «Областная клиническая больница» г. Рязани. Исследование имело пилотажный характер. Приняли участие 50 респондентов: 25 пациентов, подвергавшихся оперативному вмешательству, и 25 — не подвергавшихся. В работе с респондентами соблюдались этические принципы психолога: исследование проводилось на добровольной основе, соблюдалась анонимность и неразглашение личной тайны. Работа заключалась в устных и письменных ответах на вопросы. Основным методом изучения контента доверия к врачам со стороны пациентов было свободное интервью.Изучая отдельные содержательные стороны, составляющие контент доверия, удалось выделить четыре основные категории, которые формируют доверие пациента к врачу: профессиональные, коммуникативные, морально-этические и саморегуляция. Предпринята попытка найти различия в особенностях доверия у пациентов, проходивших оперативное и консервативное лечение. Таких различий не выявлено, что послужило благоприятным фактором, поскольку формирование доверия у врачей не вызовет отдельной дифференциации мишеней работы в зависимости от направленности медицинского воздействия. The issue of patients’ trust in doctors has become highly relevant, for there is an urgent need for reliable specialists who are well versed in psychology of human relationships and can build patient-doctor relationships based on trust. The relevance of the research consists in the fact that nowadays there are few specialists meeting this requirement and the issue of patient-doctor trust is largely underinvestigated by Russian psychologists.The article analyzes the existing approaches to the notion of trust focusing on the psychological aspect of this phenomenon. The article underlines that scholars’ understanding of the concept of trust has changed several times. The article analyzes theoretical aspects of trust and investigates the concept of trust as represented in works of different scholars (A. Seligmen, A. B. Kupreychenko, T. P. Skripkina, etc.).The empirical part of the research focuses on the content of the phenomenon of trust, i.e. on the content of patients’ trust in their doctors. The research is conducted in the Department of Surgery, the Department of Trauma and the Department of Therapeutics of the City Clinical Hospital (Ryazan) and in the Department of Pulmonology of the Regional Clinical Hospital (Ryazan). The research involves 50 respondents: 25 surgical patients and 25 non-surgical patients. The communication with patients is voluntary (as required by the code of ethics), anonymous, and confidential. The respondents are asked to answer a number of questions both orally and in writing. The main method of investigating patients’ trust in doctors is an interview.The research shows that there are four basic factors that predetermine patients’ trust in their doctors: doctors’ professional qualities, communication skills, moral and ethical principles, self-regulation. The research has uncovered no differences in surgical patients’ and non-surgical patients’ trust in doctors, which may be beneficial for further research, since there will be no need to trace differences in different groups of patients.

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Tarasjev, Aleksej. "Evolutionary biology and epistemology." Theoria, Beograd 49, no. 1-2 (2006): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/theo0602011t.

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Foundation and further development of modern biology raised many epistemological questions and biology was often criticized on that ground. There has been attempts, especially after emergence of molecular biology, to reduce biology to physics and chemistry. Epistemological basis of modern biology were also under ideologically motivated attacks from various positions. On the other hand, there were also attempts to reduce psychology and social sciences to biology. Finally, there were attempts to biologize epistemology itself through so-called evolutionary epistemology. Concise presentation of all that aspects of relationship between epistemology and biology is given.

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Pereira-Bomfim, Maria da Graça Cardoso, William Fernando Antonialli-Junior, and Daniel Acosta-Avalos. "Magnetoreception in Social Wasps: An Update." EntomoBrasilis 9, no. 1 (April 29, 2016): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.12741/ebrasilis.v9i1.526.

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Abstract. Magnetoreception is a mechanism of active orientation that occurs in animals with nervous systems. Social insects such as bees, ants, wasps and termites have been studied on the influence of the magnetic field exerts on its biology. The social wasps comprise species represented in Stenogastrinae, Vespinae and Polistinae, however studies on the influence of magnetic field on wasps Vespinae address only. The areas studied include the biomineralization of magnetic material and behavioral aspects related to changes in local intensity of the geomagnetic field. The objective of this review is to integrate knowledge of social wasps’ magnetoreception in order to build an instructive overview of the current situation of studies, therefore, provide the conceptual framework for the development of future work on the topic.Magnetorrecepção em Vespas Sociais: Uma AtualizaçãoResumo. Magnetorrecepção é um mecanismo de orientação ativa que ocorre em animais com sistema nervoso. Insetos sociais tais como abelhas, formigas, vespas e cupins são estudados sobre a influência que o campo magnético exerce em sua biologia. As vespas sociais compreendem espécies representadas em Stenogastrinae, Vespinae e Polistinae, no entanto os estudos sobre a influência do campo magnético em vespas abordam somente Vespinae. As áreas de estudo incluem a biomineralização do material magnético e aspectos comportamentais relacionados a mudanças na intensidade do campo geomagnético local. O objetivo desta revisão é integrar o conhecimento sobre magnetorrecepção em vespas sociais, a fim de construir um panorama elucidativo da atual situação dos estudos, e assim fornecer uma estrutura conceitual para o desenvolvimento de trabalhos futuros sobre o tema.

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Weingart, Peter. "Eugenics — Medical or Social Science?" Science in Context 8, no. 1 (1995): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889700001952.

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The ArgumentEugenics is the paradigmatic case of the conflict between biology and medicine over social influence. Commenting on as essay by Debora Kamrat–Lang(1995), the paper reconstructs the historical roots of eugenics as a form of preventive medicine. A comparision between the development of some crucial aspects of eugenics between Germany and the United States reveals that the prevalence of the value placed on the individual over hereditary health of a population ultimately determined the outcome of the conflict but collective concepts may be revived by new biological knowledge

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Udey, Mark C. "Social Aspects of Scientific Investigation – Recent Compromises and Anticipated Recovery." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 142, no. 4 (April 2022): 989–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2022.01.019.

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Hammer, Cornelius, Olav Sigurd Kjesbu, Gordon H. Kruse, and Peter A. Shelton. "Rebuilding depleted fish stocks: biology, ecology, social science, and management strategies." ICES Journal of Marine Science 67, no. 9 (May 13, 2010): 1825–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq039.

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Abstract Hammer, C., Kjesbu, O. S., Kruse, G. H., and Shelton, P. A. 2010. Rebuilding depleted fish stocks: biology, ecology, social science, and management strategies. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1825–1829. This is an introduction to an ICES/PICES symposium entitled as in the title of this manuscript. During the symposium, five theme sessions embraced the subject material under the headings “Impact of fisheries and environmental impacts on stock structure, reproductive potential, and recruitment dynamics”, “Trophic controls on stock recovery”, “Methods for analysing and modelling stock recovery”, “Social and economic aspects of fisheries management and governance”, and “Management and recovery strategies”. A panel discussion provided a valuable overview of current understanding and research focus.

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Anderson, Rozalyn. "New Aspects in Metabolism of Aging." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 453–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.1757.

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Abstract In recent years there has been a renewed emphasis on metabolism as a key contributor to a host of chronic non-communicable conditions: cancer, neurodegeneration, frailty, and functional declines in immune and inflammatory processes. All share a common connection in metabolic dysfunction. Furthermore, aging itself is associated with changes in metabolism, although the underlying drivers for these changes are unknown. Here we introduce speakers working at the cutting edge in metabolism research, and whose studies are of direct relevance to aging. Dr. Chandel will focus on mitochondrial biology, describing recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of the beneficial effects of metformin. Dr. Haigis takes the mitochondrial theme to cancer biology, the area of research that revived metabolic perspectives in biomedical research. Dr. Najt’s talk describes a less well studied organelle, the lipid droplet, and its role in a rapidly expanding area of research on lipid metabolic regulation specifically in the context of aging. Dr. Brown-Borg will present data on nutritional and genetic modulation of metabolism and how pathways converge to influence chromatin and epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Together our speakers explore new concepts in metabolism research that are of particular relevance to aging. This session aligns with the concept of GeroScience, the more we know of aging biology the better we understand diseases and disorders of aging. This session will demonstrate that metabolism, its regulation, and its influence on key processes linked to health and longevity, place it in a central position as we seek to discover targets and interventions to improve human aging.

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Maruska, Karen, Marta C. Soares, Monica Lima-Maximino, Diógenes Henrique de Siqueira-Silva, and Caio Maximino. "Social plasticity in the fish brain: Neuroscientific and ethological aspects." Brain Research 1711 (May 2019): 156–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2019.01.026.

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Witas, Henryk W. "Molecular anthropology: Touching the past through ancient DNA retrieval. Methodological aspects." Anthropological Review 64 (June 30, 2001): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1898-6773.64.03.

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The revolution which introduced new techniques of molecular biology applied to DNA analysis enormously accelerated the progress in most areas of medicine and biology. Techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction analysis and sequencing are widely used for diagnosis of a number of diseases, for genetic screening, phylogenetic analysis and population studies. Moreover, it became possible to study genetic relationships of extinct to contemporary organisms and even to follow evolutionary events. Variation in DNA sequences, especially that of humans, is fascinating not only for our own sake, but also because of the inferences that can be drawn from it about our recent evolution, demography and movements. Selected problems arising during ancient DNA (aDNA) isolation and analysis are discussed. Environment and time related factors altering the structure of nucleic acids as well as contamination of isolated material are among methodological problems that arise during the procedure of isolation and processing of aDNA. Resolving them is of great importance for the authentication of the identified sequences. Most common informative targets of aDNA are presented and among them mtDNA, and the sequences localized within nuclear DNA. The first, as well as the most important findings in the field are mentioned.

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Rhoads, Timothy. "SYSTEMS BIOLOGY OF AGING." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.072.

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Abstract Program Overview: Aging is a complex process; numerous aspects of cell and animal physiology change with age and pinpointing a single causal mechanism has proven difficult. A systems-level approach, which attempts to integrate multiple perspectives of aging into a more cohesive understanding, addresses this challenge by leveraging the explosion in recent years of molecular and biological “big data.” In this session, speakers will describe their efforts using systems biology approaches to achieve a multivariate assessment of the mechanisms of aging. Dr. Gladyshev will speak on recent work to understand the systemic mechanisms that underpin lifespan control. Dr. Levine moves the focus to epigenetic measures of aging, an emerging biomarker. Dr. Kane will describe efforts to examine frailty phenotypes and their biological underpinnings, as well as sexual dimorphism during aging in mice. Dr. Rhoads will describe the broad landscape of RNA processing, a mechanism with a recently described association with aging and delayed aging by caloric restriction, in multiple organisms and tissue contexts, as well as engagement of this mechanism during different aging interventions. Together our speakers advance our understanding of the multifactorial nature of aging biology and set the stage for the development of interventions that target all aspects of the aging process.

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Vasse, Marie, and Sébastien Wielgoss. "Bacteriophages of Myxococcus xanthus, a Social Bacterium." Viruses 10, no. 7 (July 18, 2018): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10070374.

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Bacteriophages have been used as molecular tools in fundamental biology investigations for decades. Beyond this, however, they play a crucial role in the eco-evolutionary dynamics of bacterial communities through their demographic impact and the source of genetic information they represent. The increasing interest in describing ecological and evolutionary aspects of bacteria–phage interactions has led to major insights into their fundamental characteristics, including arms race dynamics and acquired bacterial immunity. Here, we review knowledge on the phages of the myxobacteria with a major focus on phages infecting Myxococcus xanthus, a bacterial model system widely used to study developmental biology and social evolution. In particular, we focus upon the isolation of myxophages from natural sources and describe the morphology and life cycle parameters, as well as the molecular genetics and genomics of the major groups of myxophages. Finally, we propose several interesting research directions which focus on the interplay between myxobacterial host sociality and bacteria–phage interactions.

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Ivanova, Olena. "PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE TRAINING OF SOCIAL WORKERS." Knowledge, Education, Law, Management 48, no. 4 (2022): 212–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.51647/kelm.2022.4.33.

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Bagrow, James P., and Yu-Ru Lin. "Mesoscopic Structure and Social Aspects of Human Mobility." PLoS ONE 7, no. 5 (May 31, 2012): e37676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0037676.

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Idrisov, Bahtiyar, Victor Hapotii, Olha Minkova, Yuliia Makieshyna, and Oleksandr Melnyk. "Political causes of the Ukrainian revolution: theoretical aspects of the issue." Cuestiones Políticas 40, no. 73 (July 29, 2022): 570–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4073.32.

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The purpose of the article was to conduct a theoretical analysis of the political causes of the Ukrainian revolution. The methods of analysis, synthesis and correlation used made it possible to study political conditions and factors in relation to psychological, economic and cultural factors. It was determined that the causes of the revolution are a permanent political crisis, a conflict between the government and the opposition, the ineffectiveness of the actions of the institutions of government and the actions of the opposition; together with changes in the socio-economic structure, the religiosification of society and the influence of political factors on the development of abnormal social behaviors, among other factors. The research carried out allows us to conclude that a relationship of stable factor «social disorientation - social anomie - social cynicism - social madness» has been formed in the Ukrainian public consciousness. Therefore, the algorithm for the growth of revolutionary feelings under the influence of socio-political factors shows that this relationship has a tendency to repeat itself and is characterized by a narrowing over time.

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Claridge, Andrew W., Greg Mifsud, James Dawson, and Michael J. Saxon. "Use of infrared digital cameras to investigate aspects of the social behaviour of cryptic species." Wildlife Research 31, no. 6 (2004): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr03072.

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In this paper we report on the application of infrared digital cameras to investigate aspects of the breeding biology of the spotted-tailed quoll, an endangered marsupial carnivore. Technical details are provided about the cameras, which were deployed remotely at two ‘latrine’ sites used by the target species within Kosciuszko National Park in southern New South Wales, Australia. Examples of images captured by the cameras are presented, with notes on possible application of the same technology to better understand the social behaviour of rare and cryptic species.

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Thiel, Cora S., Vladimir Pletser, and Bernard Foing. "Human crew-related aspects for astrobiology research." International Journal of Astrobiology 10, no. 3 (May 18, 2011): 255–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550411000152.

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AbstractSeveral space agencies and exploration stakeholders have a strong interest in obtaining information on technical and human aspects to prepare for future extra-terrestrial planetary exploration. In this context, the EuroGeoMars campaign, organized with support from the International Lunar Exploration Working Group (ILEWG), the European Space Agency (ESA), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ames Research Center and partner institutes, was conducted by the crews 76 and 77 in February 2009 in The Mars Society's ‘Mars Desert Research Station’ (MDRS) in Utah.The EuroGeoMars encompasses two groups of experiments: (1) a series of field science experiments that can be conducted from an extra-terrestrial planetary surface in geology, biology, astronomy/astrophysics and the necessary technology and networks to support these field investigations; (2) a series of human crew-related investigations on crew time organization in a planetary habitat, on the different functions and interfaces of this habitat, and on man–machine interfaces of science and technical equipment.This paper recalls the objective of the EuroGeoMars project and presents the MDRS and its habitat layout. Social and operational aspects during simulations are described. Technical and operational aspects of biology investigations in the field and in the habitat laboratory are discussed in detail with the focus point set on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based detection of microbial DNA in soil samples.

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SNODGRASS, JOAN GAY. "Part V: Social and Cultural Aspects of the Self." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 818, no. 1 Self Across P (June 1997): 189–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb48255.x.

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van Baaren, Rick, Loes Janssen, Tanya L. Chartrand, and Ap Dijksterhuis. "Where is the love? The social aspects of mimicry." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, no. 1528 (August 27, 2009): 2381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0057.

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One striking characteristic of human social interactions is unconscious mimicry; people have a tendency to take over each other's posture, mannerisms and behaviours without awareness. Our goal is to make the case that unconscious mimicry plays an important role in human social interaction and to show that mimicry is closely related to and moderated by our connectedness to others. First we will position human unconscious mimicry in relation to types of imitation used in cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience. Then we will provide support for social moderation of mimicry. Characteristics of both the mimicker and the mimickee influence the degree of mimicry in a social interaction. Next, we turn to the positive social consequences of this unconscious mimicry and we will present data showing how being imitated makes people more assimilative in general. In the final section, we discuss what these findings imply for theorizing on the mechanisms of imitation and point out several issues that need to be resolved before a start can be made to integrate this field in the broader context of research on imitation.

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Sugiharto, Bowo, and Nurul Hidayati. "Reflection on Student Collaboration Skills Assessment by Biology Teachers." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 8, no. 3 (July 31, 2022): 1102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8i3.1258.

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Collaboration skill is a skill possessed by a person to work effectively in a team to achieve specific goals. Collaboration skills become essential for students to master because these skills become provisions for students to face global competition and improve social aspects. This study aims to identify how teachers measure student collaboration skills in biology at high schools in the Surakarta region. The research conducted was survey research with 76 Biology teachers in Soloraya consisting of 23 private school teachers and 53 public school teachers. The instrument used was a questionnaire in the form of a data collection form developed from collaboration skills based on NEA and P21. Analysis of questionnaire data using Rasch modeling. The analysis result shows that the item has a good reliability with a KR-20 value of 0.9. Based on the results of data analysis, biology teachers at public schools took more collaborative skill measurements of students than in private schools, especially in the aspects of responsibility and other respects

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Puspitasari, Winda, Azwir Anhar, Zulyusri Zulyusri, and Ristiono Ristiono. "The Analysis of Spiritual and Social Attitudes in the Science-Biology Learning Process of students Class VIII of SMPN 20 Padang." Bio-Edu: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi 5, no. 1 (April 3, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32938/jbe.v5i1.466.

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The attitude assessment of the 2013 curriculum is needed to prepare a moral and civilized generation by following the objectives of this curriculum. This study aims to determine the spiritual and social attitudes in the Science-Biology learning process of students Class VIII SMPN 20 Padang. aspects observed are 1)respecting and soulful the teachings of the religion they hold, 2)honest, 3)discipline 4)responsibility, 5)polite, 6)self-confidence, 7)caring. This type of research is descriptive research. Data collection using questionnaires and observation sheets then conducted a percentage analysis to determine the average score obtained from the two assessment techniques. The Data obtained will be shown through images. The result of this research is the assesement of spiritual and social attitudes during the learning process of Sciences-Biology learning process of students Class VIII of SMPN 20 Padang have a good criteria. Spiritual attitude of students Class VIII of SMPN 20 Padang have a good criteria in the aspect of respecting and soulful the teachings of the religion they hold. Social attitudes of students Class VIII of SMPN 20 Padang have a good criteria on the five aspects of attitudes observed, such as 1) discipline, 2) responsibility, 3) polite, 4) self-confidence, and 5) caring, while one other aspect of attitude have a enough criteria, namely aspects of honest attitude.

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Warzywoda-Kruszyńska, Wielisława, and Kamil Kruszyński. "Lodz in the process of deindustrialization. Social aspects of 1990–2004 systemic transformation." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Sociologica, no. 87 (November 30, 2023): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-600x.87.05.

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The aim of this article is to present a brief history of Lodz in view of historical events leading to the deindustrialization of the city during the period of Poland’s economic transformation. As a “great change” trauma of 1990 to 2004, juvenilization of poverty in Lodz has been documented. This phenomenon seems to be disregarded and unnoticed by architects and implementers of the transition from a centrally planned economy to a market economy.

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Halunko, Vira, Nadiia Maksimentseva, Oleksandr Poltoratskyi, Maksym Maksimentsev, and Iryna Tsareva. "Administrative, financial, criminal-legal and theoretical-methodological aspects of regulating social relations in government bodies." Cuestiones Políticas 41, no. 76 (March 6, 2023): 502–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4176.29.

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The purpose of the research was to define the theoretical, administrative and civil law aspects of the regulation of social relations. Consequently, the article specifies the means of social regulation, which include components of legal, moral, corporate and customary, etc. type. It has been shown that legal regulation of social relations is defined as an intentional action on the behavior of people and social relations with the help of legal (juridical) means. The methodological basis of the research is presented as comparative-legal and systematic analysis, formal-legal method, method of interpretation, hermeneutic method, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis. By way of conclusion it has been proved that since the object of legal regulation is presented as social relations, legal regulation is determined by some objective and subjective factors. As contributions, the following factors of social relations have been determined: level of economic development of society; social structure of society; level of maturity and stability of social relations; level of legal culture of citizens; level of certainty of the subject of social relations, means and methods of legal regulation.

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Grunspan, Daniel Z., Benjamin L. Wiggins, and Steven M. Goodreau. "Understanding Classrooms through Social Network Analysis: A Primer for Social Network Analysis in Education Research." CBE—Life Sciences Education 13, no. 2 (June 2014): 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.13-08-0162.

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Social interactions between students are a major and underexplored part of undergraduate education. Understanding how learning relationships form in undergraduate classrooms, as well as the impacts these relationships have on learning outcomes, can inform educators in unique ways and improve educational reform. Social network analysis (SNA) provides the necessary tool kit for investigating questions involving relational data. We introduce basic concepts in SNA, along with methods for data collection, data processing, and data analysis, using a previously collected example study on an undergraduate biology classroom as a tutorial. We conduct descriptive analyses of the structure of the network of costudying relationships. We explore generative processes that create observed study networks between students and also test for an association between network position and success on exams. We also cover practical issues, such as the unique aspects of human subjects review for network studies. Our aims are to convince readers that using SNA in classroom environments allows rich and informative analyses to take place and to provide some initial tools for doing so, in the process inspiring future educational studies incorporating relational data.

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Taratukhin, E. О. "Biology and biography: revisiting the biosocial pathogenesis of non-communicable diseases." Russian Journal of Cardiology 28, no. 11 (October 12, 2023): 5640. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2023-564.

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The modern idea of a disease as a situation, an event, increasingly includes the social side along with the biological one. Although the biomedical side of the problem still dominates, factors such as adherence, decision-making and informed consent or refusal, psychosocial aspects of etiology and pathogenesis and other non-biological disease components become part of care provision. Of course, the social side was predominant before the development of evidencebased medicine. But in the modern context, the development of the humanities and social sciences, as well as neuroscience and psychology, makes it possible to take into account the biographical narrative of the patient’s personality as an integral part of the doctor-patient relationship. At the intersection of "biological" and "biographical" in the disease nature there are a number of factors, such as loneliness, stress, emotions, that reify, enact a person’s social self into somatic pathology or somatic health. The problem of combining humanities and natural science knowledge is very complex due to the fundamental difference in the methods of study, but for modern medicine such a connection is absolutely necessary.

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Vichou, Maria Danai, Ioannis Christopoulos, and Georgios Pilafas. "Critically Discussing the Biological and Social Aspects in the Treatment of Substance use Disorder." International Journal of Research and Review 11, no. 4 (April 19, 2024): 278–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20240432.

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It is estimated that approximately 35 million people suffer from substance use disorders (SUDs). SUDs are complex and chronic conditions that involve the continued use of a substance despite its harmful consequences. Various factors, such as genetics, biology, and social influences, play a significant role in the development of the disorder. Comprehending the biological mechanisms of substance use and the social factors and early life experiences that shape the development of SUD is crucial for designing effective treatment approaches. This can include medications that directly target the mechanisms of action of substances, like in the case of nicotine, or medications that indirectly address the adverse effects of substance withdrawal, like in the case of cocaine. Effective non-pharmaceutical interventions, like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and contingency management (CM), are available for individuals with SUD. Research has shown that the combination of medication and non-pharmaceutical approaches offer the most effective and long-lasting effects, especially when combined with a supportive environment. Keywords: Substance Use Disorder, Biopsychology, Social Psychology, Treatment

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Ediati, Annastasia, Nani Maharani, and Agustini Utari. "Sociocultural aspects of disorders of sex development." Birth Defects Research Part C: Embryo Today: Reviews 108, no. 4 (December 2016): 380–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bdrc.21144.

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Disorders of sex development (DSD) is a congenital condition in which the development of chromosomes, gonads, hormones, and reproductive structures are atypical. DSD brings with it a psychological impact on the affected individual and their families. The consensus statement on management of DSD strongly advised an integrated and multidisciplinary approach in providing care to the affected individuals. Studies have been conducted focusing on medical intervention, and more recently, there is increasing attention paid to psychological aspects of DSD. However, studies reporting cultural aspects of DSD are lacking. This review provides an overview on how culture impacts the affected individuals in coping with DSD and making decisions with regard to gender assignment or reassignment, help‐seeking behavior for medical treatments, attitudes toward medical treatment, religious beliefs, and values concerning marriage and fertility. The involvement of social scientists is needed to study sociocultural aspects of DSD from more diverse cultures, to help affected individuals and their families in gaining better social acceptance. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 108:380–383, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Dai, Peng, and David Rudge. "Using the Discovery of the Structure of DNA to Illustrate Cultural Aspects of Science." American Biology Teacher 80, no. 4 (April 1, 2018): 256–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2018.80.4.256.

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DNA is a central topic in biology courses because it is crucial to an understanding of modern genetics. Many instructors introduce the topic by means of a sanitized retelling of the history of the discovery of the structure of DNA by James Watson and Francis Crick. Historical research since 1968 has revealed that Rosalind Franklin's contributions were more significant than they are usually depicted. In light of this, we developed a two-class lesson plan that draws attention to Rosalind Franklin's role in the discovery and to the social and cultural aspects of science. The first class provides background information regarding what led scientists to recognize that DNA was the molecule of heredity. Students watch a documentary video that includes interviews with some of the surviving protagonists. Students (working in groups) are then asked to debate Franklin's role to refine their awareness of how social and cultural factors affected both the process of science and how it has been recounted. The second class has students work in groups to build a structural model of DNA through hands-on activities. The essay concludes by drawing attention to how the two-day lesson plan, developed for a college-level biology course, can be adapted for use in other settings.

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TAKALA, TUIJA. "Finding Hope in Synthetic Biology." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 26, no. 2 (March 31, 2017): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180116000839.

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Abstract:For some, synthetic biology represents great hope in offering possible solutions to many of the world’s biggest problems, from hunger to sustainable development. Others remain fearful of the harmful uses, such as bioweapons, that synthetic biology can lend itself to, and most hold that issues of biosafety are of utmost importance. In this article, I will evaluate these points of view and conclude that although the biggest promises of synthetic biology are unlikely to become reality, and the probability of accidents is fairly substantial, synthetic biology could still be seen to benefit humanity by enhancing our ethical understanding and by offering a boost to world economy.

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Bukhtiyarov, Igor V., Valeriy A. Kaptsov, Evgeniy E. Shigan, Lyudmila P. Kuzmina, Nina B. Rubtsova, Lyudmila V. Prokopenko, and Vsevolod N. Sergeev. "Boris Tikhonovich Velichkovsky – life in science (to the 95th birthday)." Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 10 (February 18, 2019): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2018-10-4-6.

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The article presents information about the life and work of Boris Tikhonovich Velichkovsky — a famous scientist, specialist in the field of occupational health in XX-XXI centuries. His scientific interests encompassed all aspects of preserving workers’ health, ranging from comprehensive studies of occupational respiratory diseases, molecular biology and ecology to creation of a new scientific medical discipline — human social biology focused solely on saving the nation and preserving health of working population.

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Mangel, M., W. H. Satterthwaite, P. Pirolli, B. Suh, and Y. Zhang. "Invasion biology and the success of social collaboration networks, with application to Wikipedia." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 59, no. 1 (April 12, 2013): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15659801.2013.815435.

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We adapt methods from the stochastic theory of invasions – for which a key question is whether a propagule will grow to an established population or fail – to show how monitoring early participation in a social collaboration network allows prediction of success. Social collaboration networks have become ubiquitous and can now be found in widely diverse situations. However, there are currently no methods to predict whether a social collaboration network will succeed or not, where success is defined as growing to a specified number of active participants before falling to zero active participants. We illustrate a suitable methodology with Wikipedia. In general, wikis are web-based software that allows collaborative efforts in which all viewers of a page can edit its contents online, thus encouraging cooperative efforts on text and hypertext. The English language Wikipedia is one of the most spectacular successes, but not all wikis succeed and there have been some major failures. Using these new methods, we derive detailed predictions for the English language Wikipedia and in summary for more than 250 other language Wikipedias. We thus show how ideas from population biology can inform aspects of technology in new and insightful ways.

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Maxson, Stephen C. "Some misunderstandings and misinterpretations about sociobiology and behavior genetics in Lifelines by Steven Rose." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, no. 5 (October 1999): 898–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x99372204.

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Lifelines by Steven Rose is supposed to present a new perspective on biology replacing an emphasis on genes with one on organisms. However, much of the book is a highly biased critique of sociobiology and behavior genetics. Some of the flaws in Rose's description and depiction of these fields are presented and refuted. Also, it would appear that these aspects of the book and many others are, in fact, related more to Rose's perennial concern for the ideology, social origins or social consequences of behavioral biology. These concerns are, I believe based, in part, upon Rose's misunderstandings and misinterpretations of genetics, behavior genetics, and sociobiology.

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Maharajh, Hari D., and Petal S. Abdool. "Cultural Aspects of Suicide." Scientific World JOURNAL 5 (2005): 736–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2005.88.

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Undefined cultural factors cannot be dismissed and significantly contribute to the worldwide incidence of death by suicide. Culture is an all embracing term and defines the relationship of an individual to his environment. This study seeks to investigate the effect of culture on suicide both regionally and internationally. Culture-bound syndrome with suicidal behaviours specific to a particular culture or geographical region are discussed. Opinions are divided as to the status of religious martyrs. The law itself is silent on many aspects of suicidal behaviour and despite decriminalization of suicide as self-murder, the latter remains on the statutes of many developing countries. The Caribbean region is of concern due to its steady rise in mean suicide rate, especially in Trinidad and Tobago where socio-cultural factors are instrumental in influencing suicidal behaviour. These include transgenerational cultural conflicts, psycho-social problems, media exposure, unemployment, social distress, religion and family structure. The methods used are attributed to accessibility and lethality. Ingestion of poisonous substances is most popular followed by hanging. The gender differences seen with regard to suicidality can also be attributed to gender related psychopathology and psychosocial differences in help-seeking behaviour. These are influenced by the cultural environment to which the individual is exposed. Culture provides coping strategies to individuals; as civilization advances many of these coping mechanisms are lost unclothing the genetic predisposition of vulnerable groups. In the management of suicidal behaviour, a system of therapeutic re-culturation is needed with an emphasis on relevant culture- based therapies.

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Fanani, Fildza Hilfi, Riezky Maya Probosari, and Suciati Sudarisman. "Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Hasil Belajar Biologi Siswa Kelas VII-A Melalui Penerapan Model Guided Inquiry dengan Bantuan Social Network Facebook di SMPN 1 Kartasura." BIO-PEDAGOGI 3, no. 1 (April 1, 2012): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/bio-pedagogi.v3i1.5310.

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This study is aimed at improving the students’ critical thinking ability and achievement in Biology of VII A class of SMPN 1 Kartasura through the implementation of guided inquiry model assisted by the use of facebook. This research is a classroom action research involving several cycles in which each cycle includes four stages those are planning, action, observation, and reflection. The subject of this research is the students of VII A class at SMPN 1 Kartasura in academic year of 2012/2013. The data are obtained through the test (essay and multiple-choice) and non-test (observation, interviews and questionnaires). The data are analyzed through descriptive analytical techniques and validated through triangulation techniques. Critical thinking ability consists of six aspects those are interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, explanation, and self-regulation. The average improvement percentage of critical thinking ability test in Pre-cycle, Cycle I, Cycle II, and Cycle III sequently are (41,36%; 52,66%; 65,32%; 77,26%). Students’ achievement is viewed from the increase of student learning completeness consisting of cognitive, psychomotor, and affective. The result of percentage attainment average from cognitive aspects in Pre-cycle, Cycle I, Cycle II, and Cycle III sequently are (36,11%; 47,22%; 72,22%; 100%). Psychomotor students’ achievement consists of three aspects, those are stringing experimental tool, observing the object changes that occur in the experiment, and communicating the results of experiments and worksheets in the presentation. The result of percentage attainment average from psychomotor aspects in Cycle I, Cycle II, and Cycle III sequently are (64,12%; 81,25%; 90,66%). Affective students’ achievement includes three aspect which are being meticulous in observing object from results of the experiment, being discipline in collecting worksheets, and being cooperative in a group discussion. The result of percentage attainment average from affective aspects in Cycle I, Cycle II, and Cycle III sequently are (61,81%; 77,31%; 91,92%). Based on the results of the research it can be concluded that the implementation of guided inquiry model assisted by the use of facebook can improve the students’ critical thinking ability and achievement in Biology of VII A class of SMPN 1 Kartasura. Key Words: Guided Inquiry, Facebook, Biology Critical Thinking Ability, Students’ Achievement in Biology

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Cowley, J. J., and B. W. L. Brooksbank. "Human exposure to putative pheromones and changes in aspects of social behaviour." Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 39, no. 4 (October 1991): 647–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-0760(91)90264-6.

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Mandal, Fatik Baran. "RETHINKING THE VIEWS ON THE NATURE OF HUMAN CULTURE." Cultural Communication and Socialization Journal 3, no. 1 (January 28, 2022): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/ccsj.01.2022.13.16.

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Human culture has recently gained unprecedented importance in explaining the uniqueness of our species. Throughout the history of formal education human culture was the topic of interest of subjects like sociology, behavioral biology, and cultural psychology. The present communication critically considers the views of three disciplines about human culture in the light of history and contemporary knowledge. Social norms of a human group govern many aspects of culture. Recently, human culture has elegantly been analyzed utilizing the theory of mind. Collective capacities of minds of the group as repository of social information are important in understanding human culture. Similarly, biology of a cultural group, not the individual biology as well as the genome, not a candidate gene can explain nature of human culture satisfactorily. Size as well as the heterogeneity of the human group, their biological endowment including genetic makeup, capacities of the brain and mind determine the richness of social information in a social repository. However, uniform statement is perhaps not applicable to human culture because of its vast diversity, fragility, and context and thus it may lead to oversimplification.

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HEAVEY, PATRICK. "Consequentialism and the Synthetic Biology Problem." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 26, no. 2 (March 31, 2017): 206–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180116000815.

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Abstract:This article analyzes the ethics of synthetic biology (synbio) from a consequentialist perspective, examining potential effects on food and agriculture, and on medicine, fuel, and the advancement of science. The issues of biosafety and biosecurity are also examined. A consequentialist analysis offers an essential road map to policymakers and regulators as to how to deal with synbio. Additionally, the article discusses the limitations of consequentialism as a tool for analysing synbioethics. Is it possible to predict, with any degree of plausibility, what the consequences of synthetic biology will be in 50 years, or in 100, or in 500? Synbio may take humanity to a place of radical departure from what is known or knowable.

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Maheyeti, Candra Manik, Sang Putu Kaler Surata, and Dewa Ayu Puspawati. "KOMPARASI ANTARA TEMA EKOLOGI, EKONOMI, SOSIAL DAN BUDAYA DALAM FOTO LANSKAP BUDAYA SUBAK HASIL PHOTOVOICE MAHASISWA CALON GURU." Jurnal Santiaji Pendidikan (JSP) 10, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36733/jsp.v10i1.695.

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The subak system comprises four aspects, namely economic, ecological, social, and cultural aspects. It is important to have the abilities to understand these four pillars, especially for higher education in preparing students-teachers as educational facilitators. The aim of this study is to compare the frequency of photo themes in relation to ecological, economic, social, and cultural aspects yielded from photovoice results of student-teachers. This study was conducted from November 2018 to January 2019 at UNMAS Soka campus and several subak sites in Denpasar. This study was conducted in mixed methods where two approaches were utilised: qualitative and quantitative with community-based participatory action research (CBPR) as its design. There were 18 student-teachers (4 males and 14 females) of Biology Education Study Program, Universitas Mahasaraswati, Academic Year 2018/2019, participated in this study. The data analysis technique used was analysis of variance (ANOVA). The finding of this study showed that there was a significant difference (F = 6.973 and P = 0.000) among the frequency of ecological, economic, social, and cultural themes of the student-teachers’ photovoice results, with the frequency value of each theme in the following order: ecology = 35, economy = 46, social = 26, and cultural = 63.

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Perring, Christian, and Grant Gillett. "Biology and Antireductionism in Psychiatry." Hastings Center Report 31, no. 3 (May 2001): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3527558.

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Lantos, John D., and Richard Powers. "Stories of Biology and Medicine." Hastings Center Report 26, no. 3 (May 1996): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3527926.

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Arifkhodzhaieva, Tetiana, Oksana Panova, Vladyslav Lazariev, Yuliia Zhyvova, and Oleh Shkuta. "Public services in the field ofsocial protection of the population: international experience, administrative and penal aspects." Cuestiones Políticas 40, no. 74 (October 25, 2022): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4074.00.

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The issue of optimizing the mechanism for providing public services in the field of social protection of the population due to the ongoing armed conflict in Ukraine on the part of Russia (from 2014 to the present), as a result of which internally displaced persons need to solve a number of urgent needs both in European countries (Poland, Germany, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, etc.), including related to their accounting in these countries. In this sense, the objective of this editorial is twofold, on the one hand, to present volume 40, number 74 of Political Questions and, on the other, to highlight the concept and types of guarantees of ensuring legality concerning provision of public services in the sphere of social protection of population. It is concluded that the following types of guarantees of ensuring legality concerning provision of public services in the sphere of social protection of population in Ukraine have been justified: appeal of decisions, actions or inaction of public administration subjects on the provision of public services in the sphere of social protection of population in court (administrative proceedings); control over activities of public administration subjects concerning provision of public services in the sphere of social protection of population.

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Akukwe, Bettina, and Ulrich Schroeders. "Socio-economic, cultural, social, and cognitive aspects of family background and the biology competency of ninth-graders in Germany." Learning and Individual Differences 45 (January 2016): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2015.12.009.

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Rip, Arie. "The challenge of including social and ethical aspects in the development of nanobiotechnology." NanoBiotechnology 1, no. 3 (September 2005): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12030-005-0056-2.

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PEDERSEN, CORT A. "Biological Aspects of Social Bonding and the Roots of Human Violence." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1036, no. 1 (January 12, 2006): 106–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1330.006.

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POWELL, DIONNE R. "Social and Psychological Aspects of Breast Cancer in African-American Women." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 736, no. 1 Forging a Wom (December 1994): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb12825.x.

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Levchenko, I. E., and O. A. Polyushkevich. "Prosocial practices of mortality interpretation: racial-anthropological and sociocultural aspects." Acta Biomedica Scientifica 7, no. 3 (July 5, 2022): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.29413/abs.2022-7.3.8.

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Background. The perception of mortality is consistent with pro-social practices that determine social development. Combining the tools of racial-anthropological and sociocultural approaches makes it possible to identify the universal characteristics and interpretations of mortality in modern society.Aim of the study: identification of pro-social practices and specific interpretations of mortality through the unity and opposition of the racial-anthropological and socio-cultural aspects of social reproduction.Methods. A mass survey of the population of the Russian Federation (n = 1200) aged 18 to 65 living in different regions of the Russian Federation (55 % women, 45 % men) was conducted. A content analysis of media and Internet materials was performed to fix estimates of death and mortality in the Russian Federation over the past five years (n = 1456) in publications or informational messages.Results. The impact of the anthropological and sociocultural aspects was manifested through how and what people think about death, as well as how death exists in a social context. The personal-psychological context of the perception of death and mortality, the memorialization of places of death and the socio-economic and cultural-organizational practices of death determine the personal and social forms of interpretation of mortality. Content analysis of media materials and the Internet revealed a significant increase in the volume and frequency of attention to death and mortality. This is due to the situation with the pandemic, as well as the actualization of the fears of Russians about their well-being and social conditions for accepting and assessing death and mortality.Conclusion. Prosocial practices, being a personal experience of experiencing and a tool for social inclusion in acceptable norms of behavior, influence sociocultural meanings and anthropological conditions for the perception of mortality.

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Ji, Jingxian, and Yuhan Zhang. "Biological and Social Factors Influence the Tendency of Serial Killers to Commit Crimes." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 8 (February 7, 2023): 1099–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v8i.4434.

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There have been many criminals in human society, committing different crimes for different purposes. Their presence worries and frightens people and makes criminologists have an unusual interest in themselves. This article examines the specific causes of those areas that may induce and contribute to crime and to what extent they affect crime. Biology discusses their relationship from a physiological and pathological point of view and the relationship between biological factors and crime. Society discusses the relationship between social factors and crime from many aspects, such as social structure and education. This article does not promote social or biological determinism, preferring a holistic view of how crime occurs. At the same time, several examples will be given to illustrate whether the theory is still valid when applied to reality. After studying cases and analyzing factors, it is concluded that multidimensional factors such as hormones, brain damage, and genes lead to the possibility of a person's biological crime, and social structure, education, and other aspects determine whether a person will commit a crime.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Biology - Social aspects'

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