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Journal articles on the topic 'Biomarkers detection'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Sarojini, Sreeja, Ayala Tamir, Heejin Lim, et al. "Early Detection Biomarkers for Ovarian Cancer." Journal of Oncology 2012 (2012): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/709049.

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Despite the widespread use of conventional and contemporary methods to detect ovarian cancer development, ovarian cancer remains a common and commonly fatal gynecological malignancy. The identification and validation of early detection biomarkers highly specific to ovarian cancer, which would permit development of minimally invasive screening methods for detecting early onset of the disease, are urgently needed. Current practices for early detection of ovarian cancer include transvaginal ultrasonography, biomarker analysis, or a combination of both. In this paper we review recent research on n

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Figueroa, Javier M., and Bob S. Carter. "Detection of glioblastoma in biofluids." Journal of Neurosurgery 129, no. 2 (2018): 334–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2017.3.jns162280.

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The detection of glioblastoma (GBM) in biofluids offers potential advantages over existing paradigms for the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of glial tumors. Biofluid-based detection of GBM focuses on detecting tumor-specific biomarkers in the blood and CSF. Current clinical research concentrates on studying 3 distinct tumor-related elements: extracellular macromolecules, extracellular vesicles, and circulating tumor cells. Investigations into these 3 biological classifications span the range of locales for tumor-specific biomarker discovery, and combined, have the potential to significan

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Wong, D. T., L. Zhang, J. Farrell, et al. "Salivary biomarkers for pancreatic cancer detection." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (2009): 4630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.4630.

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4630 Pancreatic cancer is the 4th leading cause of cancer death. Lack of early detection technology for pancreatic cancer invariably leads to a typical clinical presentation of incurable disease at initial diagnosis. We evaluated the performance and translational utilities of the salivary transcriptomic and microbial biomarkers for pancreatic cancer detection. Biomarker discovery strategies were used to profile transcriptome in saliva supernatant and microflora in saliva pellet. The Affymetrix Human Genome U133+2.0 array was used to discover altered gene expression in saliva supernatant. The H

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Beudeker, Boris J. B., and Andre Boonstra. "Circulating biomarkers for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma." Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology 13 (January 2020): 175628482093173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1756284820931734.

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is estimated to be the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. HCC patients face a dismal prognosis because symptoms usually appear in an advanced stage of disease. The detection of early stage HCC allows for curative surgical treatment and therefore saves lives. Specific non-invasive or diagnostic markers for HCC may represent a valuable tool for detecting these tumors at an early stage. The clinically most established serological biomarker alpha-fetoprotein shows only limited diagnostic performance, however novel candidate biomarkers and biomar

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Panneer Selvam, Anjan, and Shalini Prasad. "Companion and Point-of-Care Sensor System for Rapid Multiplexed Detection of a Panel of Infectious Disease Markers." SLAS TECHNOLOGY: Translating Life Sciences Innovation 22, no. 3 (2017): 338–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2211068217696779.

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A nanochannel-based electrochemical biosensor has been demonstrated for rapid and multiplexed detection of a panel of three biomarkers associated with rapid detection of sepsis. The label-free biosensor detected procalcitonin (PCT), lipoteichoic acid (LTA), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from human whole blood. The biosensor comprises a nanoporous nylon membrane integrated onto a microelectrode sensor platform for nanoconfinement effects. Charge perturbations due to biomarker binding are recorded as impedance changes using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The measured impedance change is

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Njoku, Kelechi, Davide Chiasserini, Anthony D. Whetton, and Emma J. Crosbie. "Proteomic Biomarkers for the Detection of Endometrial Cancer." Cancers 11, no. 10 (2019): 1572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11101572.

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Endometrial cancer is the leading gynaecological malignancy in the western world and its incidence is rising in tandem with the global epidemic of obesity. Early diagnosis is key to improving survival, which at 5 years is less than 20% in advanced disease and over 90% in early-stage disease. As yet, there are no validated biological markers for its early detection. Advances in high-throughput technologies and machine learning techniques now offer unique and promising perspectives for biomarker discovery, especially through the integration of genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic and

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Zhu, L. R., W. Y. Zhang, L. Yu, Y. H. Zheng, J. Z. Zhang, and Q. P. Liao. "Serum proteomic features for detection of endometrial cancer." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 16, no. 3 (2006): 1374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200605000-00065.

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To find new potential biomarkers for detection of endometrial cancer (EC), 70 serum samples including 40 from EC patients and 30 from normal healthy females were detected by surface-enhanced laser desorption–ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) using WCX2 (weak cation exchange) protein chip. Mass spectra were then assessed with three powerful data-mining tools: a tree classifier, Biomarker Wizard software, and Biomarker Patterns System. The diagnostic pattern combined with 13 potential biomarkers could differentiate EC patients from healthy persons, with a specificity of

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Japp, Nicole C., Joshua J. Souchek, Aaron R. Sasson, Michael A. Hollingsworth, Surinder K. Batra, and Wade M. Junker. "Tumor Biomarker In-Solution Quantification, Standard Production, and Multiplex Detection." Journal of Immunology Research 2021 (September 1, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9942605.

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The diagnosis and monitoring of cancer have been facilitated by discovering tumor “biomarkers” and methods to detect their presence. Yet, for certain cancers, we still lack sensitive and specific biomarkers or the means to quantify subtle concentration changes successfully. The identification of new biomarkers of disease and improving the sensitivity of detection will remain key to changing clinical outcomes. Patient liquid biopsies (serum and plasma) are the most easily obtained sources for noninvasive analysis of proteins that tumor cells release directly and via extracellular microvesicles

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Srinivas, Pothur R., Sudhir Srivastava, Sam Hanash, and George L. Wright. "Proteomics in Early Detection of Cancer." Clinical Chemistry 47, no. 10 (2001): 1901–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/47.10.1901.

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Abstract Early detection is critical in cancer control and prevention. Biomarkers help in this process by providing valuable information about a the status of a cell at any given point in time. As a cell transforms from nondiseased to neoplastic, distinct changes occur that could be potentially detected through the identification of the appropriate biomarkers. Biomarker research has benefited from advances in technology such as proteomics. We discuss here ongoing research in this field, focusing on proteomic technologies. The advances in two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry ar

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Imas, José Javier, Carlos Ruiz Zamarreño, Pablo Zubiate, Lorena Sanchez-Martín, Javier Campión, and Ignacio Raúl Matías. "Optical Biosensors for the Detection of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Biomarkers: A Comprehensive Review." Sensors 20, no. 21 (2020): 6289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20216289.

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A comprehensive review of optical biosensors for the detection of biomarkers associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is presented here, including microRNAs (miRNAs), C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and histidine, which are biomarkers that enable RA detection and/or monitoring. An overview of the different optical biosensors (based on fluorescence, plasmon resonances, interferometry, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) among other optical techniques) used to detect these biomarkers is given, describing

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Pluimakers, V. G., M. van Waas, C. W. N. Looman, et al. "Metabolic syndrome detection with biomarkers in childhood cancer survivors." Endocrine Connections 9, no. 7 (2020): 676–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ec-20-0144.

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Purpose: Augmented survival of childhood nephroblastoma and neuroblastoma has increased long-term side effects such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). Risk stratification is difficult after abdominal radiation because waist circumference underestimates adiposity. We aimed to develop a strategy for determining MetS in irradiated survivors using an integrated biomarker profile and vascular ultrasonography. Methods: The NCEP-ATPIII MetS-components, 14 additional serum biomarkers and 9 vascular measurements were assessed in a single-centre cohort of childhood nephroblastoma (n = 67) and neuroblastoma (

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Miyake, Makito, Steve Goodison, Myron Chang, Yunfeng Dai, Virginia Urquidi, and Charles Joel Rosser. "A multi-analyte assay for the noninvasive detection of bladder cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 6_suppl (2013): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.6_suppl.306.

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306 Background: Accurate urinary assays for bladder cancer (BCa) detection would benefit both patients and healthcare systems. Through genomic and proteomic profiling of urine components, we have previously identified a panel of biomarkers that can outperform current urine-based biomarkers for the non-invasive detection of BCa. Herein, we report the diagnostic utility of various multivariate combinations of these biomarkers. Methods: We performed a case-controlled validation study in which voided urines from 550 patients (220 tumor bearing subjects) were analyzed. The urinary concentrations of

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Guy, Owen J., Gregory Burwell, Zari Tehrani, Ambroise Castaing, Kelly Ann Walker, and S. H. Doak. "Graphene Nano-Biosensors for Detection of Cancer Risk." Materials Science Forum 711 (January 2012): 246–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.711.246.

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Biosensor diagnostics based on bio-functionalized semiconductor devices are an important development in ultrasensitive sensors for early detection of disease biomarkers. Electrochemical devices using chemically modified graphene (CMG) channels are excellent candidates for nanobiosensors. This paper presents the development of novel antibody functionalized epitaxial graphene devices for bio-sensing applications. Epitaxial graphene has been grown on silicon carbide (SiC) substrates under high vacuum and high temperature conditions (1200 – 1700°C). A generic electrochemical surface functionalisat

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Root, Alex. "Mathematical Modeling of The Challenge to Detect Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Early with Biomarkers." Challenges 10, no. 1 (2019): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/challe10010026.

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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive tumor type and is usually detected at late stage. Here, mathematical modeling is used to assess the feasibility of two-step early detection with biomarkers, followed by confirmatory imaging. A one-compartment model of biomarker concentration in blood was parameterized and analyzed. Tumor growth models were generated from two competing genomic evolution models: gradual tumor evolution and punctuated equilibrium. When a biomarker is produced by the tumor at moderate-to-high secretion rates, both evolutionary models indicate that early dete

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Menke, James Michael, Md Shahidul Ahsan, and Suan Phaik Khoo. "More Accurate Oral Cancer Screening with Fewer Salivary Biomarkers." Biomarkers in Cancer 9 (January 1, 2017): 1179299X1773200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179299x17732007.

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Signal detection and Bayesian inferential tools were applied to salivary biomarkers to improve screening accuracy and efficiency in detecting oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Potential cancer biomarkers are identified by significant differences in assay concentrations, receiver operating characteristic areas under the curve (AUCs), sensitivity, and specificity. However, the end goal is to report to individual patients their risk of having disease given positive or negative test results. Likelihood ratios (LRs) and Bayes factors (BFs) estimate evidential support and compile biomarker inform

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Liu, Xiaoping, Xiao Chang, Siyang Leng, Hui Tang, Kazuyuki Aihara, and Luonan Chen. "Detection for disease tipping points by landscape dynamic network biomarkers." National Science Review 6, no. 4 (2018): 775–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwy162.

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ABSTRACT A new model-free method has been developed and termed the landscape dynamic network biomarker (l-DNB) methodology. The method is based on bifurcation theory, which can identify tipping points prior to serious disease deterioration using only single-sample omics data. Here, we show that l-DNB provides early-warning signals of disease deterioration on a single-sample basis and also detects critical genes or network biomarkers (i.e. DNB members) that promote the transition from normal to disease states. As a case study, l-DNB was used to predict severe influenza symptoms prior to the act

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Srivastava, Sudhir. "The Early Detection Research Network: 10-Year Outlook." Clinical Chemistry 59, no. 1 (2013): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2012.184697.

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BACKGROUND The National Cancer Institute's Early Detection Research Network (EDRN) has made significant progress in developing an organized effort for discovering and validating biomarkers, building resources to support this effort, demonstrating the capabilities of several genomic and proteomic platforms, identifying candidate biomarkers, and undertaking multicenter validation studies. In its first 10 years, the EDRN went from a groundbreaking concept to an operational success. CONTENTS The EDRN has established clear milestones for reaching a decision of “go” or “no go” during the biomarker d

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Singh, Sarita, Sunil Kumar Gupta, and Prahlad Kishore Seth. "Biomarkers for detection, prognosis and therapeutic assessment of neurological disorders." Reviews in the Neurosciences 29, no. 7 (2018): 771–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2017-0097.

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Abstract Neurological disorders have aroused a significant concern among the health scientists globally, as diseases such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s and dementia lead to disability and people have to live with them throughout the life. Recent evidence suggests that a number of environmental chemicals such as pesticides (paraquat) and metals (lead and aluminum) are also the cause of these diseases and other neurological disorders. Biomarkers can help in detecting the disorder at the preclinical stage, progression of the disease and key metabolomic alterations permitting identification of poten

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Leng, Qixin, Van K. Holden, Janaki Deepak, Nevins W. Todd, and Feng Jiang. "Microbiota Biomarkers for Lung Cancer." Diagnostics 11, no. 3 (2021): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11030407.

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Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the number one cancer killer and its early detection can reduce mortality. Accumulating evidences suggest an etiopathogenic role of microorganisms in lung tumorigenesis. Certain bacteria are found to be associated with NSCLC. Herein we evaluated the potential use of microbiome as biomarkers for the early detection of NSCLC. We used droplet digital PCR to analyze 25 NSCLC-associated bacterial genera in 31 lung tumor and the paired noncancerous lung tissues and sputum of 17 NSCLC patients and ten cancer-free smokers. Of the bacterial genera, four had altered

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Brezgyte, Greta, Vinay Shah, Daria Jach, and Tatjana Crnogorac-Jurcevic. "Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Earlier Detection of Pancreatic Cancer—A Comprehensive Review." Cancers 13, no. 11 (2021): 2722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13112722.

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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) carries a deadly diagnosis, due in large part to delayed presentation when the disease is already at an advanced stage. CA19-9 is currently the most commonly utilized biomarker for PDAC; however, it lacks the necessary accuracy to detect precursor lesions or stage I PDAC. Novel biomarkers that could detect this malignancy with improved sensitivity (SN) and specificity (SP) would likely result in more curative resections and more effective therapeutic interventions, changing thus the present dismal survival figures. The aim of this study was to systematic

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Zhuang, Wei, Luísa Camacho, Camila S. Silva, and Huixiao Hong. "Reproducibility challenges for biomarker detection with uncertain but informative experimental data." Biomarkers in Medicine 14, no. 13 (2020): 1255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/bmm-2019-0599.

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Recent studies have revealed that circulating microRNAs are promising biomarkers for detecting toxicity or disease. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is often used to measure the levels of microRNAs. Besides complete and certain data, investigators inevitably have observed technically incomplete or uncertain qPCR data. Investigators usually set incomplete observations equal to the maximum quality number of qPCR cycles, apply the complete-observation method, or choose not to analyze targets with incomplete observations. Using biostatistical knowledge and published studies,

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Pham, Anh Tran Tam, Angus Wallace, Xinyi Zhang, et al. "Optical-Based Biosensors and Their Portable Healthcare Devices for Detecting and Monitoring Biomarkers in Body Fluids." Diagnostics 11, no. 7 (2021): 1285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11071285.

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The detection and monitoring of biomarkers in body fluids has been used to improve human healthcare activities for decades. In recent years, researchers have focused their attention on applying the point-of-care (POC) strategies into biomarker detection. The evolution of mobile technologies has allowed researchers to develop numerous portable medical devices that aim to deliver comparable results to clinical measurements. Among these, optical-based detection methods have been considered as one of the common and efficient ways to detect and monitor the presence of biomarkers in bodily fluids, a

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van der Laak, Jeroen A. W. M., Albertus G. Siebers, Sabine A. A. P. Aalders, Johanna M. M. Grefte, Peter C. M. de Wilde, and Johan Bulten. "Objective Assessment of Cancer Biomarkers Using Semi-Rare Event Detection." Analytical Cellular Pathology 29, no. 6 (2007): 483–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/487435.

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Objective and reproducible assessment of cancer biomarkers may be performed using rare event detection systems. Because many biomarkers are not true ‘rare events’, in this study a semi-rare event detection system was developed. The system is capable of assigning a discriminant score to detected positive cells, expressing the extent and intensity of the immunocytochemical staining. A gallery image is constructed showing the diagnostically most interesting cells as well as quantitative data expressing the biomarker staining pattern. To increase scanning speed, an adaptive scanning strategy is st

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Lionetto, Maria G., Roberto Caricato, and Maria E. Giordano. "Pollution Biomarkers in Environmental and Human Biomonitoring." Open Biomarkers Journal 9, no. 1 (2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1875318301909010001.

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Environmental pollutants generate harmful conditions for living organisms, including humans. This accounts for the growing interest to early warning tools for detection of adverse biological responses to pollutants in both humans and wildlife. Molecular and cellular biomarkers of pollution meet this requirement. A pollution biomarker is defined as an alteration in a biological response occurring at molecular, cellular or physiological levels which can be related to exposure to or toxic effects of environmental chemicals.Pollution biomarkers have known a growing development in human and environ

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Thorsen, Stine, Irina Gromova, Ib Christensen, et al. "Gel-Based Proteomics of Clinical Samples Identifies Potential Serological Biomarkers for Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 23 (2019): 6082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20236082.

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The burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) is considerable—approximately 1.8 million people are diagnosed each year with CRC and of these about half will succumb to the disease. In the case of CRC, there is strong evidence that an early diagnosis leads to a better prognosis, with metastatic CRC having a 5-year survival that is only slightly greater than 10% compared with up to 90% for stage I CRC. Clearly, biomarkers for the early detection of CRC would have a major clinical impact. We implemented a coherent gel-based proteomics biomarker discovery platform for the identification of clinically usef

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Barnett, Christine L., Scott A. Tomlins, Daniel J. Underwood, et al. "Two-Stage Biomarker Protocols for Improving the Precision of Early Detection of Prostate Cancer." Medical Decision Making 37, no. 7 (2017): 815–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x17696996.

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Background. New cancer biomarkers are being discovered at a rapid pace; however, these tests vary in their predictive performance characteristics, and it is unclear how best to use them. Methods. We investigated 2-stage biomarker-based screening strategies in the context of prostate cancer using a partially observable Markov model to simulate patients’ progression through prostate cancer states to mortality from prostate cancer or other causes. Patients were screened every 2 years from ages 55 to 69. If the patient’s serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was over a specified threshold in the f

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Feng, Ziding, Jacob Kagan, Margaret Pepe, et al. "The Early Detection Research Network's Specimen Reference Sets: Paving the Way for Rapid Evaluation of Potential Biomarkers." Clinical Chemistry 59, no. 1 (2013): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2012.185140.

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BACKGROUND The mission of the National Cancer Institute's Early Detection Research Network (EDRN) is to identify and validate cancer biomarkers for clinical use. Since its inception, EDRN investigators have learned a great deal about the process of validating biomarkers for clinical use. Translational research requires a broad spectrum of research expertise, and coordinating collaborative activities can be challenging. The EDRN has developed a robust triage and validation system that serves the roles of both “facilitator” and “brake.” CONTENT The system consists of (a) establishing a reference

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Hasan, Saba. "An Overview of Promising Biomarkers in Cancer Screening and Detection." Current Cancer Drug Targets 20, no. 11 (2020): 831–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009620666200824102418.

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Applications of biomarkers have been proved in oncology screening, diagnosis, predicting response to treatment as well as monitoring the progress of the disease. Considering the crucial role played by them during different disease stages, it is extremely important to evaluate, validate, and assess them to incorporate them into routine clinical care. In this review, the role of few most promising and successfully used biomarkers in cancer detection, i.e. PD-L1, E-Cadherin, TP53, Exosomes, cfDNA, EGFR, mTOR with regard to their structure, mode of action, and reports signifying their pathological

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Crichton, Daniel J., Chris A. Mattmann, Mark Thornquist, Kristen Anton, and J. Steven Hughes. "Bioinformatics: Biomarkers of early detection." Cancer Biomarkers 9, no. 1-6 (2011): 511–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/cbm-2011-0180.

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Reed, Amanda Beth, and Dipen J. Parekh. "Biomarkers for prostate cancer detection." Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy 10, no. 1 (2010): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/era.09.168.

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Philp, R. Paul, and Jung Nan Oung. "Biomarkers - occurrence, utility, and detection." Analytical Chemistry 60, no. 15 (1988): 887A—896A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00166a001.

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Philp, R. Paul, and Jung-Nan Oung. "BIOMARKERS Occurence, Utility, and Detection." Analytical Chemistry 60, no. 15 (1988): 887A—896A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00166a720.

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Parekh, Dipen J., Donna Pauler Ankerst, Dean Troyer, Sudhir Srivastava, and Ian M. Thompson. "Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer Detection." Journal of Urology 178, no. 6 (2007): 2252–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2007.08.055.

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Berna, Amalia Z., James S. McCarthy, and Stephen C. Trowell. "Malaria detection using breath biomarkers." Medical Journal of Australia 204, no. 2 (2016): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja15.01244.

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Sonawane, Mukesh Digambar, Satish Balasaheb Nimse, Keum-Soo Song, and Taisun Kim. "Multiplex detection of cardiac biomarkers." Analytical Methods 9, no. 25 (2017): 3773–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ay00521k.

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Nakano, Ryota, Shin Nishiumi, Takashi Kobayashi, Takuya Ikegawa, Yuzo Kodama, and Masaru Yoshida. "Possibility of detecting intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms using metabolite biomarkers for pancreatic cancer." Biomarkers in Medicine 14, no. 11 (2020): 1009–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/bmm-2019-0587.

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Aim: The aim of this study was to identify whether metabolite biomarker candidates for pancreatic cancer (PC) could aid detection of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN), recognized as high-risk factors for PC. Materials & methods: The 12 metabolite biomarker candidates, which were found to be useful to detect PC in our previous study, were evaluated for plasma samples from patients with PC (n = 44) or IPMN (n = 24) or healthy volunteers (n = 46). Results: Regarding the performance of individual biomarkers of PC and PC high-risk IPMN, lysine exhibited the best performance (sensi

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Jakobsen, Niels Asger, Freddie Charles Hamdy, and Richard John Bryant. "Novel biomarkers for the detection of prostate cancer." Journal of Clinical Urology 9, no. 2_suppl (2016): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2051415816656121.

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Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is widely used as a biomarker in the detection of prostate cancer and for decision making regarding treatment options, response to therapy, and clinical follow-up. Despite its widespread use, it is well recognised that PSA has suboptimal performance as a screening tool due to poor specificity, resulting in high negative biopsy rates and potential ‘over-diagnosis’ and ‘over-treatment’ of clinically insignificant cancers. In particular, PSA does not reliably distinguish either cancer from benign prostatic conditions, or ‘clinically significant’ from ‘indolent canc

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Pieters, Alanah, Eva Gijbels, Bruno Cogliati, Pieter Annaert, Lindsey Devisscher, and Mathieu Vinken. "Biomarkers of cholestasis." Biomarkers in Medicine 15, no. 6 (2021): 437–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/bmm-2020-0691.

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Cholestasis is a major pathological manifestation, often resulting in detrimental liver conditions, which occurs in a variety of indications collectively termed cholestatic liver diseases. The frequent asymptomatic character and complexity of cholestasis, together with the lack of a straightforward biomarker, hampers early detection and treatment of the condition. The ‘omics’ era, however, has resulted in a plethora of cholestatic indicators, yet a single clinically applicable biomarker for a given cholestatic disease remains missing. The criteria to fulfil as an ideal biomarker as well as the

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Kim, Kiyoun, Soohyun Ahn, Johan Lim, Byong Chul Yoo, Jin-Hyeok Hwang, and Woncheol Jang. "Detection of Pancreatic Cancer Biomarkers Using Mass Spectrometry." Cancer Informatics 13s7 (January 2014): CIN.S16341. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cin.s16341.

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Background Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Therefore, in order to improve survival rates, the development of biomarkers for early diagnosis is crucial. Recently, diabetes has been associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer. The aims of this study were to search for novel serum biomarkers that could be used for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and to identify whether diabetes was a risk factor for this disease. Methods Blood samples were collected from 25 patients with diabetes (control) and 93 patients with pancreatic cancer (including 53

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Li, Feng, Janice M. Yoshizawa, Kyoung-Mee Kim, et al. "Discovery and Validation of Salivary Extracellular RNA Biomarkers for Noninvasive Detection of Gastric Cancer." Clinical Chemistry 64, no. 10 (2018): 1513–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2018.290569.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Biomarkers are needed for noninvasive early detection of gastric cancer (GC). We investigated salivary extracellular RNA (exRNA) biomarkers as potential clinical evaluation tools for GC. METHODS Unstimulated whole saliva samples were prospectively collected from 294 individuals (163 GC and 131 non-GC patients) who underwent endoscopic evaluation at the Samsung Medical Center in Korea. Salivary transcriptomes of 63 GC and 31 non-GC patients were profiled, and mRNA biomarker candidates were verified with reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). In parallel,

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Soum, Veasna, Sooyong Park, Albertus Ivan Brilian, Oh-Sun Kwon, and Kwanwoo Shin. "Programmable Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices for Biomarker Detections." Micromachines 10, no. 8 (2019): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10080516.

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Recent advanced paper-based microfluidic devices provide an alternative technology for the detection of biomarkers by using affordable and portable devices for point-of-care testing (POCT). Programmable paper-based microfluidic devices enable a wide range of biomarker detection with high sensitivity and automation for single- and multi-step assays because they provide better control for manipulating fluid samples. In this review, we examine the advances in programmable microfluidics, i.e., paper-based continuous-flow microfluidic (p-CMF) devices and paper-based digital microfluidic (p-DMF) dev

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Hollingsworth, Alan B., and David E. Reese. "Potential Use of Biomarkers to Augment Clinical Decisions for the Early Detection of Breast Cancer." Oncology & Hematology Review (US) 10, no. 02 (2014): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/ohr.2014.10.2.103.

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Breast cancer remains a significant worldwide health problem, despite the fact that early detection is associated with excellent survival rates. Currently, a substantial proportion of breast cancers are not detected using routine screening. Therefore, there is a need to identify a technology that can improve the precision and accuracy of early breast cancer detection. Biomarkers are attractive in that they can potentially detect early cancers with high sensitivity, while distinguishing between benign disease and invasive cancers. Many commonly used serum biomarkers have limited use in screenin

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Fassbender, Amelie, Richard O. Burney, Dorien F. O, Thomas D’Hooghe, and Linda Giudice. "Update on Biomarkers for the Detection of Endometriosis." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/130854.

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Endometriosis is histologically characterized by the displacement of endometrial tissue to extrauterine locations including the pelvic peritoneum, ovaries, and bowel. An important cause of infertility and pelvic pain, the individual and global socioeconomic burden of endometriosis is significant. Laparoscopy remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of the condition. However, the invasive nature of surgery, coupled with the lack of a laboratory biomarker for the disease, results in a mean latency of 7–11 years from onset of symptoms to definitive diagnosis. Unfortunately, the delay in diagno

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Chen, Shaona, Lijing Dong, Min Yan, Zhongxu Dai, Chenghua Sun, and Xin Li. "Rapid and sensitive biomarker detection using molecular imprinting polymer hydrogel and surface-enhanced Raman scattering." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 1 (2018): 171488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.171488.

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Biomarkers are important biochemical indicators, which could be used for identification, early diagnosis and monitoring of diseases during the course of treatment. However, biomarker diagnosis has some shortcomings such as requiring a large amount of samples, long test time and high cost, which seriously influences the correctness and timely treatment to patients. Here, a relatively fast and efficient plasmonic hot spot-localized surface imprinting of Ag spheres using biomarker template immobilization and hydrogel copolymerization is described. The technique takes a fine control of the imprint

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Flepisi, Brian Thabile, Patrick Bouic, Gerhard Sissolak, and Bernd Rosenkranz. "Biomarkers of HIV-associated Cancer." Biomarkers in Cancer 6 (January 2014): BIC.S15056. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/bic.s15056.

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Cancer biomarkers have provided great opportunities for improving the management of cancer patients by enhancing the efficiency of early detection, diagnosis, and efficacy of treatment. Every cell type has a unique molecular signature, referred to as biomarkers, which are identifiable characteristics such as levels or activities of a myriad of genes, proteins, or other molecular features. Biomarkers can facilitate the molecular definition of cancer, provide information about the course of cancer, and predict response to chemotherapy. They offer the hope of early detection as well as tracking d

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Barker, Peter E., and Mahadev Murthy. "Biomarker Validation for Aging: Lessons from mtDNA Heteroplasmy Analyses in Early Cancer Detection." Biomarker Insights 4 (January 2009): BMI.S2253. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/bmi.s2253.

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The anticipated biological and clinical utility of biomarkers has attracted significant interest recently. Aging and early cancer detection represent areas active in the search for predictive and prognostic biomarkers. While applications differ, overlapping biological features, analytical technologies and specific biomarker analytes bear comparison. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) as a biomarker in both biological models has been evaluated. However, it remains unclear whether mtDNA changes in aging and cancer represent biological relationships that are causal, incidental, or a combination of both. T

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Njoku, Kelechi, Caroline J. J. Sutton, Anthony D. Whetton, and Emma J. Crosbie. "Metabolomic Biomarkers for Detection, Prognosis and Identifying Recurrence in Endometrial Cancer." Metabolites 10, no. 8 (2020): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo10080314.

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Metabolic reprogramming is increasingly recognised as one of the defining hallmarks of tumorigenesis. There is compelling evidence to suggest that endometrial cancer develops and progresses in the context of profound metabolic dysfunction. Whilst the incidence of endometrial cancer continues to rise in parallel with the global epidemic of obesity, there are, as yet, no validated biomarkers that can aid risk prediction, early detection, prognostic evaluation or surveillance. Advances in high-throughput technologies have, in recent times, shown promise for biomarker discovery based on genomic, t

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Li, Menghan, Ching-Wen Lee, and Lan Kong. "A latent class approach for joint modeling of a time-to-event outcome and multiple longitudinal biomarkers subject to limits of detection." Statistical Methods in Medical Research 29, no. 6 (2019): 1624–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0962280219871679.

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Multiple biomarkers on different biological pathways are often measured over time to investigate the complex mechanism of disease development and progression. Identification of informative subpopulation patterns of longitudinal biomarkers and clinical endpoint may assist in risk stratification and provide insights into new therapeutic targets. Motivated by a multicenter study to assess the inflammatory markers of sepsis in patients with community-acquired pneumonia, we propose a joint latent class analysis of multiple biomarkers and a time-to-event outcome while accounting for censored biomark

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Winkel, Per, Jørgen Hilden, Janus Christian Jakobsen, et al. "A screening method to spot biomarkers that may warn of serious events in a chronic disease – illustrated by cardiological CLARICOR trial data." Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 59, no. 11 (2021): 1852–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2021-0333.

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Abstract Objectives To develop a crude screening method for detecting biomarkers which frequently exhibit a rise (or fall) in level prior to a serious event (e.g. a stroke) in patients with a chronic disease, signalling that the biomarker may have an alarm-raising or prognostic potential. The subsequent assessment of the marker’s clinical utility requires costly, difficult longitudinal studies. Therefore, initial screening of candidate-biomarkers is desirable. Methods The method exploits a cohort of patients with biomarkers measured at entry and with recording of first serious event during fol

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Constâncio, Vera, Sandra P. Nunes, Rui Henrique, and Carmen Jerónimo. "DNA Methylation-Based Testing in Liquid Biopsies as Detection and Prognostic Biomarkers for the Four Major Cancer Types." Cells 9, no. 3 (2020): 624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9030624.

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Lung, breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers are the most incident worldwide. Optimal population-based cancer screening methods remain an unmet need, since cancer detection at early stages increases the prospects of successful and curative treatment, leading to a lower incidence of recurrences. Moreover, the current parameters for cancer patients’ stratification have been associated with divergent outcomes. Therefore, new biomarkers that could aid in cancer detection and prognosis, preferably detected by minimally invasive methods are of major importance. Aberrant DNA methylation is an early

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