Relevant bibliographies by topics / Biomass energy. Hydrogen Biomass gasification. Pyrolysis

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Biomass energy. Hydrogen Biomass gasification. Pyrolysis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Biomass energy. Hydrogen Biomass gasification. Pyrolysis"

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Chen, Chao, Jin Song Zhou, and Yang Yang Xiang. "Research of Characteristics Biomass Staged-Gasification for Hydrogen-Rich Syngas." Applied Mechanics and Materials 737 (March 2015): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.737.60.

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The utilization of fossil fuels makes great challenge in the environment and aggravates the global warming. As a result, it is rather significant to use renewable energy and develop advanced energy utilization technologies. It’s necessary to study the characteristic of biomass staged-gasification. The paper set up a staged-gasification system, which mainly contained biomass pyrolysis and two-staged entrained-flow bed. Influence factors were studied including gasification temperature and first gasification time, and measured the tar content by cold trap method (CT). The results showed that stag
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Martis, Remston, Amani Al-Othman, Muhammad Tawalbeh, and Malek Alkasrawi. "Energy and Economic Analysis of Date Palm Biomass Feedstock for Biofuel Production in UAE: Pyrolysis, Gasification and Fermentation." Energies 13, no. 22 (2020): 5877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13225877.

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This work evaluates date palm waste as a cheap and available biomass feedstock in UAE for the production of biofuels. The thermochemical and biochemical routes including pyrolysis, gasification, and fermentation were investigated. Simulations were done to produce biofuels from biomass via Aspen Plus v.10. The simulation results showed that for a tonne of biomass feed, gasification produced 56 kg of hydrogen and fermentation yielded 233 kg of ethanol. Process energy requirements, however, proved to offset the bioethanol product value. For 1 tonne of biomass feed, the net duty for pyrolysis was
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Teh, Jun Sheng, Yew Heng Teoh, Heoy Geok How, et al. "The Potential of Sustainable Biomass Producer Gas as a Waste-to-Energy Alternative in Malaysia." Sustainability 13, no. 7 (2021): 3877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073877.

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It has been widely accepted worldwide, that the greenhouse effect is by far the most challenging threat in the new century. Renewable energy has been adopted to prevent excessive greenhouse effects, and to enhance sustainable development. Malaysia has a large amount of biomass residue, which provides the country with the much needed support the foreseeable future. This investigation aims to analyze potentials biomass gases from major biomass residues in Malaysia. The potential biomass gasses can be obtained using biomass conversion technologies, including biological and thermo-chemical technol
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David, Elena, Janez Kopac, Adrian Armeanu, Violeta Niculescu, Claudia Sandru, and Viorel Badescu. "Biomass - alternative renewable energy source and its conversion for hydrogen rich gas production." E3S Web of Conferences 122 (2019): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912201001.

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This paper presnts biomass as a renewable energy source and defines the resources as well as the ways through biomass energy is converted into fuels, the technologies used for extracting the energy from biomass as well as the advantages and disadvantages that appear by using of biomass as a energy source. In addition,it is known hydrogen is an important alternative energy vector and a bridge to a sustainable way fot the energy future. Hydrogen is an energy carrier and can be obtained by different production technologies from a large variety of primary energy sources. At present, many researche
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Isha, R., and P. T. Williams. "Pyrolysis-gasification of agriculture biomass wastes for hydrogen production." Journal of the Energy Institute 84, no. 2 (2011): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/014426011x12968328625432.

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Alvarez, Jon, Shogo Kumagai, Chunfei Wu, et al. "Hydrogen production from biomass and plastic mixtures by pyrolysis-gasification." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 39, no. 21 (2014): 10883–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.04.189.

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Zeng, Bingyao, and Naoto Shimizu. "Hydrogen Generation from Wood Chip and Biochar by Combined Continuous Pyrolysis and Hydrothermal Gasification." Energies 14, no. 13 (2021): 3793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133793.

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Hydrothermal gasification (HTG) experiments were carried out to extract hydrogen from biomass. Although extensive research has been conducted on hydrogen production with HTG, limited research exists on the use of biochar as a raw material. In this study, woodland residues (wood chip) and biochar from wood-chip pyrolysis were used in HTG treatment to generate hydrogen. This research investigated the effect of temperature (300–425 °C) and biomass/water (0.5–10) ratio on gas composition. A higher temperature promoted hydrogen production because the water–gas shift reaction and steam-reforming rea
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Demirbas, A. "Hydrogen-rich Gases from Biomass via Pyrolysis and Air-steam Gasification." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 31, no. 19 (2009): 1728–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567030802459693.

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Demirbas, M. Fatih. "Hydrogen from Various Biomass Species via Pyrolysis and Steam Gasification Processes." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 28, no. 3 (2006): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/009083190890003.

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Prasertcharoensuk, Phuet, Steve J. Bull, and Anh N. Phan. "Gasification of waste biomass for hydrogen production: Effects of pyrolysis parameters." Renewable Energy 143 (December 2019): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.05.009.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Biomass energy. Hydrogen Biomass gasification. Pyrolysis"

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Zhang, Ling. "Sunlight Ancient and Modern: the Relative Energy Efficiency of Hydrogen from Coal and Current Biomass." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/submitted/etd-08182004-145924/unrestricted/zhang%5Fling%5F200412%5Fmast.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Chemical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005.<br>Jones, Christopher, Committee Member ; White, David, Committee Member ; Teja, Amyn, Committee Member ; Realff, Matthew, Committee Chair. Includes bibliographical references.
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Newalkar, Gautami. "High-pressure pyrolysis and gasification of biomass." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53917.

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With the limited reserves of fossil fuels and the environmental problems associated with their use, the world is moving towards cleaner, renewable, and sustainable sources of energy. Biomass is a promising feedstock towards attaining this goal because it is abundant, renewable, and can be considered as a carbon neutral source of energy. Syngas can be further processed to produce liquid fuels, hydrogen, high value chemicals, or it can be converted to heat and power using turbines. Most of the downstream processing of syngas occurs at high pressures, which requires cost intensive gas compression
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Alevanau, Aliaksandr. "Study of pyrolysis and gasification of biomass from the self-organization perspective." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Tillämpad processmetallurgi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-162109.

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This thesis focuses on the analysis of kinetics of i) low-temperature pyrolysis of gaseous hydrocarbons, ii) high-temperature steam gasification of char of wood pellets (&gt;700oC), iii) high temperature pyrolysis of straw pellets in an atmosphere of argon and steam, and iv) high temperature pyrolysis of slices of transversally cut wooden sticks. The results of the kinetic measurements in the high-temperature cases are approximated using a least-square based optimization software, which was specially developed to analyse kinetics prone for deviation from the Arrhenius law.In the thesis a gener
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Efika, Emmanuel Chidi. "Hydrogen rich syngas from the pyrolysis and gasification of solid waste and biomass." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4943/.

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Biomass and wastes are potential resources for the production of renewable hydrogen, synthetic fuels, chemicals and energy via pyrolysis and gasification. Waste biomass and refuse derived fuel (RDF), and their single components were investigated for pyrolysis to produce a hydrogen rich syngas with a bench scale fixed bed reactor. The samples were pyrolysed at different temperatures, heating rates and particle sizes to recover syngas, oil and char products. The waste biomass was investigated for steam pyrolysisgasification in a continuous screw kiln reactor to produce hydrogen. The samples were
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Pozzobon, Victor. "Biomass gasification under high solar heat flux." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EMAC0004/document.

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L'énergie solaire concentrée est une source d'énergie alternative pour la conversion thermochimique de biomasse en vecteurs énergétiques ou en matériaux à haute valeur ajoutée. La production d'un gaz de synthèse à partir de biomasse lignocellulosique en est un exemple, de même que la production de résidus carbonés à propriétés contrôlées. Ces travaux portent sur l'étude du comportement d'un échantillon de hêtre thermiquement épais sous de hautes densités de flux solaire (supérieures à 1000 kW/m²). Deux approches ont été développées en parallèles : une étude expérimentale et le développement d'
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PERSNIA, YOSRA. "Thermogravimetric analysis and modeling of pyrolysis of macroscopic wood particles." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190841.

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The knowledge of kinetics of pyrolysis is important. It is also challenging to find parameters for kinetic which can be applied at different sizes of biomass. Many researchers have been investigating the pyrolysis behavior of wood powders due to heat and mass transfer limitations. They have also been focusing on determining the effects of feedstock characterization, residence time, gas environment, heating rate and the final temperature as well as the arrangement of the pyrolysis reactor and modeling of the kinetics. This project presents a qualitative understanding of the pyrolysis process ba
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Bojler, Görling Martin. "Energy system evaluation of thermo-chemical biofuel production : Process development by integration of power cycles and sustainable electricity." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Energiprocesser, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-105814.

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Fossil fuels dominate the world energy supply today and the transport sector is no exception. Renewable alternatives must therefore be introduced to replace fossil fuels and their emissions, without sacrificing our standard of living. There is a good potential for biofuels but process improvements are essential, to ensure efficient use of a limited amount of biomass and better compete with fossil alternatives. The general aim of this research is therefore to investigate how to improve efficiency in biofuel production by process development and co-generation of heat and electricity. The work ha
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Donaj, Pawel. "Conversion of biomass and waste using highly preheated agents for materials and energy recovery." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Energi- och ugnsteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-34253.

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One of the greatest challenges of human today is to provide the continuous and sustainable energy supply to the worldwide society. This shall be done while minimizing all the negative consequences of the operation(s) to the environment and its living habitants including human beings, taking from the whole life cycle perspective. In this thesis work new solutions for treatment biomass and waste are analyzed.   Based on the fundamental research on the conversion of various materials (biomass: straw pellets, wood pellets; and waste: plastic waste, ASR residues after pyrolysis), converted by means
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Guan, Tingting. "Biomass-fuelled PEM FuelCell systems for small andmedium-sized enterprises." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Energiprocesser, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-176633.

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Biomass-fuelled proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) offer asolution for replacing fossil fuel for hydrogen production. Through using thebiomass-derived hydrogen as fuel, PEMFCs may become an efficient andsustainable energy system for small and medium-sized enterprises. The aim ofthis thesis is to evaluate the performance and potential applications of biomassfuelledPEMFC systems which are designed to convert biomass to electricity andheat. Biomass-fuelled PEMFC systems are simulated by Aspen plus based ondata collected from experiments and literature.The impact of the quality of the h
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Mate, Marc. "Numerical Modelling of Wood Pyrolysis." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-206852.

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In this project, a numerical model describing the reaction mechanism and the mass and energy transport in wood pyrolysis is studied. The applicability of the model in predicting actual biomass pyrolysis assessed by comparing the model to TGA experimental measurements. The comparison to experiments is done in relation to the mass loss characteristics of chips of varying sizes. The mass loss is of interest as it is a variable necessary in the coupling of reactor and particle models. Three reaction models were simulated and results compared to experimental data, namely, the reaction model develop
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Books on the topic "Biomass energy. Hydrogen Biomass gasification. Pyrolysis"

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Spath, Pamela L. Update of hydrogen from biomass: Determination of the delivered cost of hydrogen : milestone completion report. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2003.

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L, Ferrero G., and Commission of the European Communities., eds. Pyrolysis and gasification. Elsevier Applied Science, 1989.

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Biomass Gasification, Pyrolysis and Torrefaction: Practical Design and Theory. Academic Press, 2018.

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Dahlquist, Erik. Technologies for Converting Biomass to Useful Energy: Combustion, Gasification, Pyrolysis, Torrefaction and Fermentation. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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Dahlquist, Erik. Technologies for Converting Biomass to Useful Energy: Combustion, Gasification, Pyrolysis, Torrefaction and Fermentation. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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Dahlquist, Erik. Technologies for Converting Biomass to Useful Energy: Combustion, Gasification, Pyrolysis, Torrefaction and Fermentation. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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Dahlquist, Erik. Technologies for Converting Biomass to Useful Energy: Combustion, Gasification, Pyrolysis, Torrefaction and Fermentation. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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Dahlquist, Erik. Technologies for Converting Biomass to Useful Energy: Combustion, Gasification, Pyrolysis, Torrefaction and Fermentation. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Kai, Sipilä, Korhonen Maija, Valtion teknillinen tutkimuskeskus, and Seminar on Power Production from Biomass (3rd : 1998 : Espoo, Finland), eds. Power production from biomass III: Gasification and pyrolysis R&D&D for industry, Espoo, Finland, 14-15 September, 1998. VTT, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Biomass energy. Hydrogen Biomass gasification. Pyrolysis"

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Edye, L. A., G. N. Richards, and G. Zheng. "Transition Metals as Catalysts for Pyrolysis and Gasification of Biomass." In Clean Energy from Waste and Coal. American Chemical Society, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1992-0515.ch008.

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El-Emam, Rami Salah, Ibrahim Dincer, and Salah H. El-Emam. "Gasification of Biomass for Hydrogen and Power Production: Efficiency and Environmental Assessment." In Progress in Clean Energy, Volume 2. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17031-2_12.

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Dascomb, John, and Anjaneyulu Krothapalli. "Hydrogen-Enriched Syngas from Biomass Steam Gasification for Use in Land-Based Gas Turbine Engines." In Novel Combustion Concepts for Sustainable Energy Development. Springer India, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2211-8_6.

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Abuadala, Abdussalam, and Ibrahim Dincer. "Exergetic Assessment of a Hybrid Steam Biomass Gasification and SOFC System for Hydrogen, Power, and Heat Production." In Progress in Exergy, Energy, and the Environment. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04681-5_4.

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Oleg Aleksandrovich, Ivanin, Larina Olga Mikhailovna, Lavrenov Vladimir Aleksandrovich, Sinelshchikov Vladimir Aleksandrovich, Sytchev Georgy Aleksandrovich, and Zaichenko Victor Mikhailovich. "Two-Stage Pyrolytic Conversion of Biomass." In Gasification [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96670.

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The widespread adoption of biomass as an energy fuel is hindered by a number of its significant drawbacks, such as low heating value, low ash melting point, low bulk density etc. Technological solutions that allow to fully overcome these shortcomings and ensure high economic performance have not yet been proposed, although there is a significant demand for them. A new technology for thermal processing of biomass into gas fuel, based on the pyrolysis process, has been developed at the Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences (JIHT RAS). The degree of energy conversion of the processed raw materials in the proposed technology is about 75%. The gas fuel yield is ∼1.3 m3/kg of biomass, and its heating value, on average, is 11 MJ/m3. The content of the liquid phase in the energy gas obtained by the developed technology is not more than 50 mg/m3. The gas produced by the technology under consideration on average consists of 90% hydrogen and carbon monoxide. According to existing standards, this gas can be used as a fuel for mini-CHP with gas-piston engines. A promising direction for using this gas is the production of liquid motor fuels.
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Roddy, D. J., and C. Manson-Whitton. "Biomass Gasification and Pyrolysis." In Comprehensive Renewable Energy. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-087872-0.00514-x.

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Basu, Prabir. "Economic Issues of Biomass Energy Conversion." In Biomass Gasification, Pyrolysis and Torrefaction. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-812992-0.00002-9.

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Basu, Prabir. "Economic Issues of Biomass Energy Conversion." In Biomass Gasification, Pyrolysis and Torrefaction. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-396488-5.00002-2.

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"Gasification of Biomass to Produce Hydrogen." In Renewable Resources and Renewable Energy. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420020861-16.

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Albertazzi, Simone, Ferruccio Trifirò, and Francesco Basile. "Gasification of Biomass to Produce Hydrogen." In Renewable Resources and Renewable Energy. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420020861.ch9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Biomass energy. Hydrogen Biomass gasification. Pyrolysis"

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Zhang, Xiaodong, Min Xu, Li Sun, Rongfeng Sun, Feipeng Cai, and Dongyan Guo. "Biomass Gasification for Syngas Production." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90591.

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For the concern with environment protection and energy security, much attention has been paid to alternative fuels from renewable resources in modern times, among which liquid fuel production from biomass gasification has aroused much enthuasitics. One two-stage gasification technology is proposed to promote the produciton of syngas suitable for F-T synthesis. The novel technology combines moving-bed pyrolysis, the secondary reinforcement decomposition, and reduction of pyrolysis intermediates. With the addition of certain amount of oxygen in the reaction scheme, large portion of large molecul
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Butterman, Heidi C., and Marco J. Castaldi. "CO2 Enhanced Steam Gasification of Biomass Fuels." In 16th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec16-1949.

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The current study involves an experimental investigation of the decomposition of various biomass feedstocks and their conversion to gaseous fuels such as hydrogen. The steam gasification process resulted in higher levels of H2 and CO for various CO2 input ratios. With increasing rates of CO2 introduced into the feed stream, enhanced char conversion and increased CO levels were observed. While CH4 evolution was present throughout the gasification process at consistently low concentrations, H2 evolution was at significantly higher levels though it was detected only at elevated gasification tempe
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Hathaway, Brandon J., Jane H. Davidson, and David B. Kittelson. "Solar Gasification of Biomass: Kinetics of Pyrolysis and Steam Gasification in Molten Salt." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39829.

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The use of concentrated solar energy for pyrolysis and gasification of biomass is an efficient means for production of hydrogen rich synthesis gas. Utilizing molten alkali-carbonate salts as a reaction and heat transfer media offers enhanced stability and higher reaction rates to these solar processes. To establish the reaction kinetics, experiments were carried out in an electrically heated molten salt reactor. Cellulose or activated charcoal were pyrolyzed or gasified with steam from 1124 K to 1235 K with and without salt. Arrhenius rate expressions are derived from the data supported by a n
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Sangtongam, K., and A. K. Gupta. "Kinetics of Biomass and Waste During Pyrolysis and Steam Gasification." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49376.

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High temperature pyrolysis and steam gasification of paper and yellow pine woodchips have been investigated in a batch type flow reactor at defined temperatures in the range of 700°C to 900°C and known molar ratio of steam to feedstock. The initial weight loss of the material during both pyrolysis and gasification was found to be similar thus revealing that material initially undergoes pyrolysis. The weight loss increased with increase in gasification temperature and retention time during both pyrolysis and gasification. The char yield decreased with increase in reaction time due to thermal de
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Galanti, Leandro, Alessandro Franzoni, Alberto Traverso, and Aristide F. Massardo. "Electricity and Hydrogen Co-Production From Coal and Biomass." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59068.

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This paper presents and discusses the results of a complete thermoeconomic analysis of an integrated power plant for co-production of electricity and hydrogen via pyrolysis and gasification processes, applied to an existing large steam power plant (ENEL Brindisi power plant-660 MWe). The two considered technologies produce syngas with different characteristics in terms of temperature, pressure and composition, and this has a significant effect on the layouts of the complete systems proposed in the paper. Moreover, the proximity of a hydrogen production and purification plants to an existing st
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Franzoni, A., L. Galanti, A. Traverso, and A. F. Massardo. "Thermoeconomic Analysis of Integrated Systems for Electricity and Hydrogen Production." In ASME 2008 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2008-60115.

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This paper describes and compares the results of thermodynamic and economic modelling based on integrating an existing large size steam power plant (ENEL’s Brindisi power plant-660 MWe) with hydrogen production and purification plants. ENEL is one of the main Italian power utility. The high quality of the hydrogen produced would guarantee its usability for distributed generation (e.g. by micro gas turbine, Stirling engine, fuel cell, etc.) and also for public transport (using PEM fuel cells). The proximity of an hydrogen production and purification plant to an existing steam power plant can fa
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Green, Alex E. S., M. S. Sankar, and P. Venkatachalam. "Feedstock Blending of Domestic Fuels in Gasifier/Liquifiers." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30009.

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In early studies addressing national energy/environmental (EE) problems we concluded that co-utilization of domestic fuels can significantly reduce national reliance on imported fuels, mitigate NOx, SOx, CO2 and other undesirable emissions and provide valuable waste disposal services. Co-firing of coal and biomass for steam turbine power generation is a near-term co-utilization approach that can make use of existing facilities with relatively minor modifications. However, co-gasification by providing fuel for more efficient combustion turbines and fuel cells and co-liquification to produce tra
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Fantozzi, Francesco, Paolo Laranci, Michele Bianchi, Andrea De Pascale, Michele Pinelli, and Margherita Cadorin. "CFD Simulation of a Microturbine Annular Combustion Chamber Fuelled With Methane and Biomass Pyrolysis Syngas: Preliminary Results." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-60030.

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Micro gas turbines could be profitably used, for distributed energy production, also exploiting low calorific value biomass-derived fuels, obtained by means of integrated pyrolysis and/or gasification processes. These synthesis gases show significant differences with respect to natural gas (in terms of composition, low calorific value, hydrogen content, tar and particulate matter content) that may turn into ignition problems, combustion instabilities, difficulties in emission control and fouling. CFD simulation of the combustion chamber is a key instrument to identify main criticalities arisin
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Sharma, Tejasvi, Diego Yepes, Yunye Shi, Albert Ratner, and Electo Silva Lora. "Steam Gasification of Miscanthus in a Double Stage Downdraft Gasifier." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-68112.

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Gasification is the incomplete combustion of biomass, which produces syngas, biochar and tar. A study of steam gasification of Miscanthus was done on a double stage down draft gasifier at Federal University of Itajuba. The main objective of this paper is to analyze and characterize the syngas produced from the double stage downdraft system. Compared to the previous publication that focused on the gasification of corn using air, this paper elaborates on the steam gasification of Miscanthus. In a double stage downdraft gasifier, Miscanthus with 12% moisture was inserted into the system from the
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Herdin, Gu¨nther, Friedrich Gruber, Johann Klausner, Reinhard Robitschko, and Diethard Plohberger. "Use of Hydrogen and Hydrogen Mixtures in Gas Engines and Potentials of NOx Emissions." In ASME 2005 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2005-1354.

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Abstract:
In the utilization of gas mixtures with high amounts of H2 there is a great number of applications of such special gases, for example several gases that result from pyrolysis or the gasification of biomass or thermally utilizable waste substances. What is special about gases containing H2 is the shifting of the lean-burn limit towards greater amounts of excess air than is the case with natural gas. This effect causes the mean combustion chamber temperatures to sink and the NOx emissions are reduced to a very low level. Depending on the amount of hydrogen and other gas components it is possible
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