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Journal articles on the topic 'Biomass OC'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Tanaya, Toko, Kenta Watanabe, Shoji Yamamoto, Chuki Hongo, Hajime Kayanne, and Tomohiro Kuwae. "Contributions of the direct supply of belowground seagrass detritus and trapping of suspended organic matter to the sedimentary organic carbon stock in seagrass meadows." Biogeosciences 15, no. 13 (2018): 4033–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-4033-2018.

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Abstract. Carbon captured by marine living organisms is called “blue carbon”, and seagrass meadows are a dominant blue carbon sink. However, our knowledge of how seagrass increases sedimentary organic carbon (OC) stocks is limited. We investigated two pathways of OC accumulation: trapping of organic matter in the water column and the direct supply of belowground seagrass detritus. We developed a new type of box corer to facilitate the retrieval of intact cores that preserve the structures of both sediments (including coarse sediments and dead plant structures) and live seagrasses. We measured

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Bao, Mengying, Yan-Lin Zhang, Fang Cao, et al. "Highly time-resolved characterization of carbonaceous aerosols using a two-wavelength Sunset thermal–optical carbon analyzer." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 14, no. 6 (2021): 4053–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-4053-2021.

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Abstract. Carbonaceous aerosols have great influence on the air quality, human health and climate change. Except for organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC), brown carbon (BrC) mainly originates from biomass burning as a group of OC, with strong absorption from the visible to near-ultraviolet wavelengths, and makes a considerable contribution to global warming. Large numbers of studies have reported long-term observation of OC and EC concentrations throughout the world, but studies of BrC based on long-term observations are rather limited. In this study, we established a two-wavelength m

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Minguillón, M. C., N. Perron, X. Querol, et al. "Fossil versus contemporary sources of fine elemental and organic carbonaceous particulate matter during the DAURE campaign in Northeast Spain." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 8 (2011): 23573–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-23573-2011.

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Abstract. We present results from the international field campaign DAURE (Determination of the sources of atmospheric Aerosols in Urban and Rural Environments in the western Mediterranean), with the objective of apportioning the sources of fine carbonaceous aerosols. Submicron fine particulate matter (PM1) samples were collected during February-March 2009 and July 2009 at an urban background site in Barcelona (BCN) and at a forested regional background site in Montseny (MSY). We present radiocarbon (14C) analysis for elemental and organic carbon (EC and OC) and source apportionment for these d

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Pokhrel, Rudra P., Nick L. Wagner, Justin M. Langridge, et al. "Parameterization of single-scattering albedo (SSA) and absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) with EC / OC for aerosol emissions from biomass burning." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 15 (2016): 9549–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9549-2016.

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Abstract. Single-scattering albedo (SSA) and absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) are two critical parameters in determining the impact of absorbing aerosol on the Earth's radiative balance. Aerosol emitted by biomass burning represent a significant fraction of absorbing aerosol globally, but it remains difficult to accurately predict SSA and AAE for biomass burning aerosol. Black carbon (BC), brown carbon (BrC), and non-absorbing coatings all make substantial contributions to the absorption coefficient of biomass burning aerosol. SSA and AAE cannot be directly predicted based on fuel type becau

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Minguillón, M. C., N. Perron, X. Querol, et al. "Fossil versus contemporary sources of fine elemental and organic carbonaceous particulate matter during the DAURE campaign in Northeast Spain." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 23 (2011): 12067–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-12067-2011.

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Abstract. We present results from the international field campaign DAURE (Determination of the sources of atmospheric Aerosols in Urban and Rural Environments in the Western Mediterranean), with the objective of apportioning the sources of fine carbonaceous aerosols. Submicron fine particulate matter (PM1) samples were collected during February–March 2009 and July 2009 at an urban background site in Barcelona (BCN) and at a forested regional background site in Montseny (MSY). We present radiocarbon (14C) analysis for elemental and organic carbon (EC and OC) and source apportionment for these d

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Barin, Mohsen, Nasser Aliasgharzad, Pål Axel Olsson, and MirHassan Rasouli-Sadaghiani. "Salinity-induced differences in soil microbial communities around the hypersaline Lake Urmia." Soil Research 53, no. 5 (2015): 494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr14090.

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Lake Urmia in north-western Iran is one of the largest hypersaline lakes in the world, and agricultural production in the surrounding area is limited by soil salinity. We investigated the effects of salinity on belowground microbial communities in soils collected from fields of cultivated onions (Allium cepa L.) and lucerne (Medicago sativa L.), and sites with the native halophyte samphire (Salicornia europaea L.). We tested the hypotheses that salinity reduces microbial biomass and changes the structure of the microbial community. The physical and chemical properties of soil samples were anal

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7

Wakeham, S. G., and A. P. McNichol. "Transfer of organic carbon through marine water columns to sediments – insights from stable and radiocarbon isotopes of lipid biomarkers." Biogeosciences 11, no. 23 (2014): 6895–914. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6895-2014.

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Abstract. Compound-specific 13C and 14C compositions of diverse lipid biomarkers (fatty acids, alkenones, hydrocarbons, sterols and fatty alcohols) were measured in sinking particulate matter collected in sediment traps and from underlying surface sediments in the Black Sea, the Arabian Sea and the Ross Sea. The goal was to develop a multiparameter approach to constrain relative inputs of organic carbon (OC) from marine biomass, terrigenous vascular-plant and relict-kerogen sources. Using an isotope mass balance, we calculate that marine biomass in sediment trap material from the Black Sea and

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8

Ni, Haiyan, Ru-Jin Huang, Junji Cao, Jie Guo, Haoyue Deng, and Ulrike Dusek. "Sources and formation of carbonaceous aerosols in Xi'an, China: primary emissions and secondary formation constrained by radiocarbon." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 24 (2019): 15609–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-15609-2019.

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Abstract. To investigate the sources and formation mechanisms of carbonaceous aerosols, a major contributor to severe particulate air pollution, radiocarbon (14C) measurements were conducted on aerosols sampled from November 2015 to November 2016 in Xi'an, China. Based on the 14C content in elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC) and water-insoluble OC (WIOC), contributions of major sources to carbonaceous aerosols are estimated over a whole seasonal cycle: primary and secondary fossil sources, primary biomass burning, and other non-fossil carbon formed mainly from secondary processes. Prim

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Dewi, Rany Puspita, Sumardi Sumardi, and Rizal Isnanto. "ANALYSIS OF FIXED CARBON AND VOLATILE MATTER BRIQUETTES OF PINE SAWDUST AND COCONUT SHELL WASTE." Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin 14, no. 3 (2023): 901–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/jrm.v14i3.1421.

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Briquetting technology became one appropriate method that can be used to convert biomass waste into a renewable energy source. Sources of biomass raw materials that have promising potential are pine sawdust and coconut shell waste. Sawdust has potential for about 0.78 million m3/year and coconut shell waste around 360 thousand tons/year. The research aim was to analyse the effect of the carbonization temperature to volatile matter and fixed carbon of briquette. The research was done by variating carbonization temperature at 400 oC, 500 oC, and 600 oC. The result showed that at carbonization te

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10

Cao, J. J., F. Wu, J. C. Chow, et al. "Characterization and source apportionment of atmospheric organic and elemental carbon during fall and winter of 2003 in Xi'an, China." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 5, no. 11 (2005): 3127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-5-3127-2005.

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Abstract. Continuous measurements of atmospheric organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC) were taken during the high-pollution fall and winter seasons at Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China from September 2003 through February 2004. Battery-powered mini-volume samplers collected PM2.5 samples daily and PM10 samples every third day. Samples were also obtained from the plumes of residential coal combustion, motor-vehicle exhaust, and biomass burning sources. These samples were analyzed for OC/EC by thermal/optical reflectance (TOR) following the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments

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Cao, J. J., J. C. Chow, S. C. Lee, et al. "Characterization and source apportionment of atmospheric organic and elemental carbon during fall and winter of 2003 in Xi'an, China." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 5, no. 3 (2005): 3561–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-5-3561-2005.

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Abstract. Continuous observation of atmospheric organic and elemental carbon (OC, EC) were conducted at Xi'an during high pollution seasons from September 2003 to February 2004. PM2.5 samples were collected on pre-fired quartz-fiber filters with battery-powered mini-volume samplers every day and PM10 samples were collected every third days. Three types of source samples (i.e., coal-combustion, motor vehicle exhaust, and biomass burning) were also collected during ambient sampling period. Ambient and source samples were analyzed for OC and EC by thermal/optical reflectance (TOR) following the I

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12

Blanchard, C. L., G. M. Hidy, S. Shaw, K. Baumann, and E. S. Edgerton. "Effects of emission reductions on organic aerosol in the southeastern United States." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 12 (2015): 17051–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-17051-2015.

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Abstract. Long-term (1999 to 2013) data from the Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization (SEARCH) network are used to characterize the effects of anthropogenic emission reductions on fine particle organic aerosol (OA) concentrations in the southeastern US. On average, 45 % (range 25 to 63 %) of the 1999 to 2013 mean organic carbon (OC) concentrations are attributed to combustion processes, including fossil-fuel use and biomass burning, through associations of measured OC with combustion products such as elemental carbon (EC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). The 2013

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Blanchard, C. L., G. M. Hidy, S. Shaw, K. Baumann, and E. S. Edgerton. "Effects of emission reductions on organic aerosol in the southeastern United States." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 1 (2016): 215–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-215-2016.

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Abstract. Long-term (1999 to 2013) data from the Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization (SEARCH) network are used to show that anthropogenic emission reductions led to important decreases in fine-particle organic aerosol (OA) concentrations in the southeastern US On average, 45 % (range 25 to 63 %) of the 1999 to 2013 mean organic carbon (OC) concentrations are attributed to combustion processes, including fossil fuel use and biomass burning, through associations of measured OC with combustion products such as elemental carbon (EC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx).

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Kaskaoutis, Dimitris G., Georgios Grivas, Christina Theodosi, et al. "Carbonaceous Aerosols in Contrasting Atmospheric Environments in Greek Cities: Evaluation of the EC-tracer Methods for Secondary Organic Carbon Estimation." Atmosphere 11, no. 2 (2020): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11020161.

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This study examines the carbonaceous-aerosol characteristics at three contrasting urban environments in Greece (Ioannina, Athens, and Heraklion), on the basis of 12 h sampling during winter (January to February 2013), aiming to explore the inter-site differences in atmospheric composition and carbonaceous-aerosol characteristics and sources. The winter-average organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations in Ioannina were found to be 28.50 and 4.33 µg m−3, respectively, much higher than those in Heraklion (3.86 µg m−3 for OC and 2.29 µg m−3 for EC) and Athens (7.63 µg m−3 for OC

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15

Huang, Yimin, Liuyi Zhang, Tingzhen Li, Yang Chen, and Fumo Yang. "Seasonal Variation of Carbonaceous Species of PM2.5 in a Small City in Sichuan Basin, China." Atmosphere 11, no. 12 (2020): 1286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11121286.

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Organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations were measured in daily PM2.5 samples collected over four non-consecutive months representing four seasons from 2016 to 2017 in a small city in the east of Sichuan Basin. The average concentrations of OC and EC during the study periods were observed to be 15.5 ± 13.5 and 5.2 ± 4.7 μg∙m−3, respectively, both with the highest in winter. The OC and EC correlated well in fall and winter, implying that OC and EC were attributed to common emission sources. The estimated secondary OC (SOC) represented 37.2%, 46.7%, 26.9%, and 40.7% of the OC

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16

Ade Fahmi, Ade Fahmi, Devianti Devianti, and Raida Agustina. "Kajian Kualitas Kopra dan Minyak Kelapa Pada Proses Pengeringan Dengan Variasi Sumber Energi." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 4, no. 3 (2020): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v4i3.10046.

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Abstrak. Pengeringan kopra dapat dilakukan dengan sumber energi surya dan dapat juga dilakukan dengan sumber energi buatan ataupun kombinasi antara kedua energi. Variasi sumber energi pengeringan antara sumber energi surya dengan sumber panas energi biomassa dalam alat pengering diduga dapat berpengaruh pada kualitas kopra dan minyak kelapa yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi sumber energi pengeringan terhadap kualitas kopra dan minyak kelapa yang dihasilkan. Pengeringan kopra dengan sumber energi surya dilakukan siang hari (pukul 08.00 WIB sampai 17.00

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17

Ma, Guoxu, Tianliang Zhao, Shaofei Kong, et al. "Variations in FINN Emissions of Particulate Matters and Associated Carbonaceous Aerosols from Remote Sensing of Open Biomass Burning over Northeast China during 2002–2016." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (2018): 3353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093353.

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Various particulate matters (PM) and associated carbonaceous aerosols released from open biomass burning (including open straw burning, grass and forest fires) are major sources of atmospheric pollutants. Northeast China is a central region with high forest and grass coverage, as well as an intensive agricultural area. In this study, the FINN (Fire INventory from Ncar) emission data was used to analyze the spatiotemporal variations of PM and associated carbonaceous aerosol component (PM2.5, PM10, OC and BC) emissions from open biomass burning in Northeast China from 2002 to 2016. The results s

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Har, N. P., D. A. P. Wardani, B. Hariyanto, N. Kurniawati, N. Darmawan, and Irzaman. "Magnetic Properties of Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂) from Reed Biomass." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019, no. 1 (2021): 012098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2019/1/012098.

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Abstract Silicon dioxide (SiO2) from reed biomass has successfully synthesized by annealing temperature variation at 500 oC, 600 oC, and 700 oC. The electrical properties of silicon dioxide from reed biomass have been analyzed by LCR-meter. The data collection point of each sample was 200 points. The frequency range of each sample was collected at 50 Hz to 5 MHz, alternating current voltage at 1 V, and alternating current at 50 mA. Then, the magnetic properties have calculated in Vicinity Magnetic Induction (VMI) and magnetic flux. The VMI value result of each sample has calculated at the orde

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Van Nam, Huynh, Dinh Quoc Viet, Truong Thanh Tam, and Van Dinh Son Tho. "Chemical composition of pyrolysis oil through thermal decomposition of sugarcane biomass." Vietnam Journal of Chemistry 58, no. 6 (2020): 770–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vjch.202000077.

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AbstractThe process of thermal decomposition of sugarcane biomass consists of 4 stages. On that basis, the research conducted the pyrolysis of sugarcane biomass to collect liquid products at different temperature stages and they were analyzed by GC‐MS method to determine the chemical composition. Chemical composition of pyrolysis oil through thermal decomposition of sugarcane biomass was elucidated in this paper. It can be divided into 6 main groups, including: acids/esters, alcohols, aldehydes/ketones, furanic compounds (furans), phenolic compounds (phenols) and fragments of lignin containing

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Wan, Xin, Shichang Kang, Quanlian Li, et al. "Organic molecular tracers in the atmospheric aerosols from Lumbini, Nepal, in the northern Indo-Gangetic Plain: influence of biomass burning." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 14 (2017): 8867–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8867-2017.

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Abstract. To better understand the characteristics of biomass burning in the northern Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), total suspended particles were collected in a rural site, Lumbini, Nepal, during April 2013 to March 2014 and analyzed for the biomass burning tracers (i.e., levoglucosan, mannosan, vanillic acid). The annual average concentration of levoglucosan was 734 ± 1043 ng m−3 with the maximum seasonal mean concentration during post-monsoon season (2206 ± 1753 ng m−3), followed by winter (1161 ± 1347 ng m−3), pre-monsoon (771 ± 524 ng m−3) and minimum concentration during monsoon season (212

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Wang, Yan-Ni, Yan Cheng, Zhao-Lin Gu, Jing-Ting Yang, and Huan-Huan Ren. "Emission Factors and Inventories of Carbonaceous Aerosols from Residential Biomass Burning in Guizhou Province, China." Atmosphere 13, no. 10 (2022): 1595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13101595.

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Biomass combustion results in the emission of substantial amounts of carbonaceous aerosols. Here, we report the emission characteristics of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) from biofuel combustion according to field measurements in rural households in Guizhou Province, China. The average emission factor of OC was 0.57 ± 0.16 g kg−1 for firewood burning, which was lower than that for crop straw burning. The average emission factor of EC was 1.1 ± 0.63 g kg−1 for firewood burning, which was higher than most crop straw burning, including corn (0.68 ± 0.29 g kg−1), rice (0.48 ± 0.40 g

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Saarikoski, S., H. Timonen, K. Saarnio, et al. "Sources of organic carbon in PM<sub>1</sub> in Helsinki urban air." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 8, no. 2 (2008): 7805–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-8-7805-2008.

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Abstract. A major fraction of fine particle matter consists of organic carbon (OC) but its origin is still inadequately known. In this study the sources of OC were investigated in the northern European urban environment in Helsinki, Finland. Measurements were carried out over one year and they included both filter (PM1) and online methods. From the filter samples OC, elemental carbon (EC), water-soluble OC (WSOC), levoglucosan and major ions were analyzed. Filter data together with the concentrations of inorganic gases were analyzed by Positive matrix factorization (PMF) method in order to fin

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Saarikoski, S., H. Timonen, K. Saarnio, et al. "Sources of organic carbon in fine particulate matter in northern European urban air." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8, no. 20 (2008): 6281–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-6281-2008.

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Abstract. A major fraction of fine particle matter consists of organic carbon (OC) but its origin is still inadequately known. In this study the sources of OC were investigated in the northern European urban environment in Helsinki, Finland. Measurements were carried out over one year and they included both filter (PM1) and online methods. From the filter samples OC, elemental carbon (EC), water-soluble OC (WSOC), levoglucosan and major ions were analyzed. Filter data together with the concentrations of inorganic gases were analyzed by Positive matrix factorization (PMF) in order to find the s

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Aman, Wilson Palelingan, Abadi Jading, and Mathelda K. Roreng. "Konstruksi Dan Kinerja Prototipe Alat Pengering Pati Sagu Tipe Rotari Bersumber Panas Biomassa." Agritechnology 1, no. 1 (2019): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.51310/agritechnology.v1i1.7.

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Penelitian mengenai pengeringan pati sagu menggunakan alat pengering tipe rotari dengan sumber panas pengering berasal dari pembakaran biomassa melalui tungku telah dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang prototipe alat pengeringan pati tipe rotari (rotary dryer) dengan panas pengering bersumber dari tungku pembakaran biomass, menguji kinerja alat pengering dan untuk mengetahui mengetahui sifat-sifat fisikokimia pati hasil pengeringan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode perancangan dan eksperimen. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah berupa prototipe alat pengering pati tipe ro

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Darniati, Iis, Yuwana Yuwana, and Syafnil Syafnil. "QUALITY PROFILE OF DRIED FISH PRODUCED USING YTP-UNIB-2013 WITH VARIED DRYING TEMPERATURES." Jurnal Agroindustri 5, no. 1 (2015): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/j.agroind.5.1.12-19.

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Objectives of this research were 1) to determine fish drying time YTP-UNIB 2013 biomass dryer with four different temperatures; 2) to compare the resulted dry fishes to SNI Standards for fish; 3) to find the optimum drying temperature to produce dry fish with better fit to SNI standards.Utilizing “ Kaseh” fish (Opisthopterus tardoore) as experimental sample dryings with temperatures 30-40 oC, 40-50 oC, 50-60 oC and 60-70 oC, in term of drying time, resulted 10 hours, 8 hours, 6.5 hours and 5.5 hours respectively. From the TPC point of view, the dry fishes produced by these temperature ranges c

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Salehi, A., N. Ghorbanzadeh, and E. Kahneh. "Earthworm biomass and abundance, soil chemical and physical properties under different poplar plantations in the north of Iran." Journal of Forest Science 59, No. 6 (2013): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/41/2012-jfs.

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We evaluated earthworm abundance and biomass in plantations of different poplar species and clones as well as the effect of some soil chemical and physical properties on them. Even-aged poplar species and clones, planted at Safrabasteh Poplar Research Station about 18 years ago in the north of Iran, included: Populus deltoides Bartr. cv. 69/55 (P. d. 69/55), Populus deltoides Bartr. cv. 63/51 (P. d. 63/51), Populus euramericana Guinier. cv. 45/51 (P. e. 45/51), Populus euramericana Guinier. triplo (P. e. triplo), and Populus caspica Born M. (P. caspica), as endemic and endangered poplar specie

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Zhang, Y. L., R. J. Huang, I. El Haddad, et al. "Fossil vs. non-fossil sources of fine carbonaceous aerosols in four Chinese cities during the extreme winter haze episode in 2013." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, no. 19 (2014): 26257–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-26257-2014.

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Abstract. During winter 2013, extremely high concentrations (i.e. 4–20 times higher than the World Health Organization guideline) of PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm) were reported in several large cities in China. In this work, source apportionment of fine carbonaceous aerosols during this haze episode was conducted at four major cities in China including Xian, Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. An effective statistical analysis of a combined dataset from elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC), radiocarbon (14C) and biomass-burning marker measurements usi

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Zhang, Y. L., R. J. Huang, I. El Haddad, et al. "Fossil vs. non-fossil sources of fine carbonaceous aerosols in four Chinese cities during the extreme winter haze episode of 2013." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 3 (2015): 1299–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1299-2015.

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Abstract. During winter 2013, extremely high concentrations (i.e., 4–20 times higher than the World Health Organization guideline) of PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm) mass concentrations (24 h samples) were found in four major cities in China including Xi'an, Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. Statistical analysis of a combined data set from elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), 14C and biomass-burning marker measurements using Latin hypercube sampling allowed a quantitative source apportionment of carbonaceous aerosols. Based on 14C measurements of EC fr

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Abdellatif, LAJDEL*1 Pr. Mohamed MAZOUZI2 Mohammed LAJDEL3 &. Pr. Mina Bakasse4. "ECO-DESIGN OF INTEGRATE SYSTEM OF DRYING AND SEPARATING OF OLIVE RESIDUES IN OLIVE OIL INDUSTRY." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT 4, no. 6 (2017): 110–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.804164.

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The objective of this research is optimizing a process of recycling residues called olive cake (stones) for renewable energy use and Pomace for animal feed industry use. This study includes a drying and separation of solid residues from pulp and store final product for an expedition to recommended user. Drying will proceed continuously in parallel with the existing production process of olive oil.

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CARMO, CRISTIANO OLIVEIRA DO, MARCOS DE SOUZA RODRIGUES, FRANCELI DA SILVA, TÂMARA GRAZIELE MATOS IRINEU, and ANA CRISTINA FERMINO SOARES. "SPENT MUSHROOM SUBSTRATE of Pleurotus ostreatus KUMMER INCREASES BASIL BIOMASS AND ESSENTIAL OIL YIELD." Revista Caatinga 34, no. 3 (2021): 548–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252021v34n306rc.

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ABSTRACT Lignocellulosic residues are used to produce mushrooms, but they generate large amounts of spent mushroom substrate (SMS). The objective of this study was to evaluate they effect of SMS of Pleurotus ostreatus, combined with organic fertilization, on biomass production and essential oil yield of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plants. The fertilizer was formulated using combinations of organic compounds: SMS, organic compost (OC), and earthworm humus (EH). The treatments were applied using 35 g of the formulations, corresponding to an application of 20 Mg ha-1. The treatments used were: 10

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Ni, Haiyan, Ru-Jin Huang, Max M. Cosijn, et al. "Measurement report: dual-carbon isotopic characterization of carbonaceous aerosol reveals different primary and secondary sources in Beijing and Xi'an during severe haze events." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, no. 24 (2020): 16041–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-16041-2020.

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Abstract. To mitigate haze pollution in China, a better understanding of the sources of carbonaceous aerosols is required due to the complexity in multiple emissions and atmospheric processes. Here we combined the analysis of radiocarbon and the stable isotope 13C to investigate the sources and formation of carbonaceous aerosols collected in two Chinese megacities (Beijing and Xi'an) during severe haze events of a “red alarm” level from December 2016 to January 2017. The haze periods with daily PM2.5 concentrations as high as ∼ 400 µg m−3 were compared to subsequent clean periods (i.e., PM2.5

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Fu, P. Q., K. Kawamura, J. Chen, et al. "Diurnal variations of organic molecular tracers and stable carbon isotopic compositions in atmospheric aerosols over Mt. Tai in North China Plain: an influence of biomass burning." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, no. 4 (2012): 9079–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-9079-2012.

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Abstract. Organic tracer compounds of tropospheric aerosols, as well as organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), and stable carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) of total carbon (TC) have been investigated for aerosol samples collected during early and late periods of Mount Tai eXperiment 2006 (MTX2006) field campaign in North China Plain. Total solvent extracts were investigated by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. More than 130 organic compounds were detected in the aerosol samples. They were grouped into twelve organic compound classes, including biomass b

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Magi, B. I. "Chemical apportionment of southern African aerosol mass and optical depth." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 9, no. 3 (2009): 13439–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-13439-2009.

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Abstract. We investigate the aerosol mass apportionment and derive aerosol optical properties that characterize the aerosol over extratropical and tropical southern Africa during the biomass burning season. We find that 54% and 83% of the extratropical and tropical aerosol mass, respectively, is composed of carbonaceous species, consistent with the fact that the major source of particulate matter in southern Africa is biomass burning. This mass apportionment implies that carbonaceous species in the form of organic carbon (OC) and black carbon (BC) play a critical role in the aerosol optical pr

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Magi, B. I. "Chemical apportionment of southern African aerosol mass and optical depth." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 9, no. 19 (2009): 7643–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-7643-2009.

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Abstract. This study characterizes the aerosol over extratropical and tropical southern Africa during the biomass burning season by presenting an aerosol mass apportionment and aerosol optical properties. Carbonaceous aerosol species account for 54% and 83% of the extratropical and tropical aerosol mass, respectively, which is consistent with the fact that the major source of particulate matter in southern Africa is biomass burning. This mass apportionment implies that carbonaceous species in the form of organic carbon (OC) and black carbon (BC) play a critical role in the aerosol optical prop

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Choi, Su-Yeon, Sung-Won Park, Jin-Yeo Byun, and Young-Ji Han. "Characteristics of Locally Occurring High PM2.5 Concentration Episodes in a Small City in South Korea." Atmosphere 12, no. 1 (2021): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12010086.

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In this study, the ionic and carbonaceous compounds in PM2.5 were analysed in the small residential city of Chuncheon, Korea. To identify the local sources that substantially influence PM2.5 concentrations, the samples were divided into two groups: samples with PM2.5 concentrations higher than those in the upwind metropolitan area (Seoul) and samples with lower PM2.5 concentrations. During the sampling period (December 2016–August 2018), the average PM2.5 was 23.2 μg m−3, which exceeds the annual national ambient air quality standard (15 μg m−3). When the PM2.5 concentrations were higher in Ch

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Choi, Su-Yeon, Sung-Won Park, Jin-Yeo Byun, and Young-Ji Han. "Characteristics of Locally Occurring High PM2.5 Concentration Episodes in a Small City in South Korea." Atmosphere 12, no. 1 (2021): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12010086.

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In this study, the ionic and carbonaceous compounds in PM2.5 were analysed in the small residential city of Chuncheon, Korea. To identify the local sources that substantially influence PM2.5 concentrations, the samples were divided into two groups: samples with PM2.5 concentrations higher than those in the upwind metropolitan area (Seoul) and samples with lower PM2.5 concentrations. During the sampling period (December 2016–August 2018), the average PM2.5 was 23.2 μg m−3, which exceeds the annual national ambient air quality standard (15 μg m−3). When the PM2.5 concentrations were higher in Ch

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Crilley, L. R., W. J. Bloss, J. Yin, et al. "Sources and contributions of wood smoke during winter in London: assessing local and regional influences." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 6 (2015): 3149–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3149-2015.

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Abstract. Determining the contribution of wood smoke to air pollution in large cities such as London is becoming increasingly important due to the changing nature of domestic heating in urban areas. During winter, biomass burning emissions have been identified as a major cause of exceedances of European air quality limits. The aim of this work was to quantify the contribution of biomass burning in London to concentrations of PM2.5 and determine whether local emissions or regional contributions were the main source of biomass smoke. To achieve this, a number of biomass burning chemical tracers

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Wakeham, S. G., and A. P. McNichol. "Transfer of lipids through marine water columns to sediments – insights from stable and radiocarbon isotopes." Biogeosciences Discussions 11, no. 6 (2014): 9761–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-9761-2014.

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Abstract. Compound-specific 13C and 14C compositions of diverse lipid biomarkers (fatty acids, alkenones, hydrocarbons, sterols, and fatty alcohols) were measured in sinking particulate matter collected in sediment traps and from underlying surface sediments in the Black Sea, the Arabian Sea and the Ross Sea. The goal was to develop a multi-parameter approach to constrain relative inputs of organic carbon (OC) from marine biomass, terrigenous vascular plant, and relict sources. Marine biomass in sediment trap material from the Black Sea and Arabian Sea accounted for 66–100% of OC, with lower t

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Ullah, Asad, L. Kaewsichan, and K. Tohdee. "Evaluation of hydrothermally carbonized alternative biomass (Lepironia articulata) as a source of alternative energy and adsorbent." Journal of the Pakistan Institute of Chemical Engineers 47, no. 1 (2019): 01–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.54693/piche.04711.

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Lepironia articulata (LA) widely available wetland biomass was successfully converted into a solid coal-like material called hydrochar. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) being a technically-attractive thermal conversion process of biomass into hydrochar at mild conditions was adopted in this study. The effect of process parameters on the physicochemical properties and the yield of hydrochar was studied by varying carbonization temperature and residence time over the range of 180, 200, 220, 240 oC and 6, 12, 24 h, respectively. With an increase in temperature, the hydrochar yield decreased rapid

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Jaswant, Singh* H.K. Singh B.S. Parmar. "UPGRADATION OF SALINE SOIL BY PHERETIMA SPECIES OF LAKHUWALI HEAD HANUMANGARH, RAJASTHAN, INDIA." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 5, no. 10 (2016): 42–47. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.159281.

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Vermicompost is very necessary to full fill the high demand in agriculture field. It is challenging condition to grow plant in saline area at Hanumangarh. The low marginal content are found in saline soil Lakhuwali head Hanumangarh pH =8.20, EC=5.41 (Ds/m) OC= 0.15%, P =20 (Kg/ha), K=750 (Kg/ha). After treated the value add content – P<sup>H</sup>=7.86, EC=4.43 (Ds/m), OC= 0.19%, P=29 (Kg/ha), K=775 (Kg/ha). The value add vermicompost by Pheretima compost content of saline soil OC=+ 0.4%, P=+9(Kg/ha), K=+25 (Kg/ha).There are R<sup>2</sup><sub>nt</sub>= 0.02 and R<sup>2</sup><sub>t</sub>= 0.058

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Utarina, Leila, Rusdianasari Rusdianasari, and Leila Kalsum. "Characterization of Palm Shell-Derived Bio-Oil Through Pyrolysis." Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology 6, no. 2 (2022): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.55043/jaast.v6i2.69.

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Lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable resource used to produce energy, fuels, and chemicals. This study aimed to determine the effect of pyrolysis temperature on product yield and product characterization of bio-oil. In this study, palm shells were selected and prepared as raw materials for bio-oil production. Palm shells were first soaked in 10% HCl and then pyrolyzed at temperatures of 300 oC, 350 oC, 400 oC, and 450 oC in a fixed bed reactor. Afterward, the reactor will emit smoke which later will condense into bio-oil. The experimental results show that a temperature of 450 oC will be a b

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Sciare, J., K. Oikonomou, O. Favez, et al. "Long-term measurements of carbonaceous aerosols in the eastern Mediterranean: evidence of long-range transport of biomass burning." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 8, no. 2 (2008): 6949–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-8-6949-2008.

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Abstract. Long-term (5-yr) measurements of Black Carbon (BC) and Organic Carbon (OC) in bulk aerosols are presented here for the first time in the Mediterranean Basin (Crete Island). A multi-analytical approach (including thermal, optical, and thermo-optical techniques) was applied for these BC and OC measurements. Light absorbing dust aerosols have shown to poorly contribute (+17% on a yearly average) to light absorption coefficient (babs) measurements performed by an optical method (aethalometer). Long-range transport of agricultural waste burning from European countries surrounding the Blac

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Sciare, J., K. Oikonomou, O. Favez, et al. "Long-term measurements of carbonaceous aerosols in the Eastern Mediterranean: evidence of long-range transport of biomass burning." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8, no. 18 (2008): 5551–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-5551-2008.

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Abstract. Long-term (5-year) measurements of Elemental Carbon (EC) and Organic Carbon (OC) in bulk aerosols are presented here for the first time in the Mediterranean Basin (Crete Island). A multi-analytical approach (including thermal, optical, and thermo-optical techniques) was applied for these EC and OC measurements. Light absorbing dust aerosols were shown to poorly contribute (+12% on a yearly average) to light absorption coefficient (babs) measurements performed by an optical method (aethalometer). Long-range transport of agricultural waste burning from European countries surrounding th

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Umeh, Mmeri Loretta, T. F. Adepoju, Onyebuchi Kaosisochukwu Dike, et al. "Biodiesel Synthesis from the Waste Biomass." International Journal of Energy and Environmental Research 12, no. 2 (2024): 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ijeer.13/vol12n21734.

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In this work, physicochemical properties of the waste used oil (WUO) were carried out for its aptness for biodiesel production. Burnt Animal Bone was used as a precursor for the biodiesel production. The produced biodiesel was characterized and the optimum biodiesel produced was determined via statistical analysis. This was with a view to add value to WUO and finding environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuel. WUO was obtained from eatery in Yenegoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The foreign materials and dirt in the oil was removed by filtration after preheating. The physiochemical and oth

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Fu, P. Q., K. Kawamura, J. Chen, et al. "Diurnal variations of organic molecular tracers and stable carbon isotopic composition in atmospheric aerosols over Mt. Tai in the North China Plain: an influence of biomass burning." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no. 18 (2012): 8359–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-8359-2012.

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Abstract. Organic tracer compounds, as well as organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), and stable carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) of total carbon (TC) have been investigated in aerosol samples collected during early and late periods of the Mount Tai eXperiment 2006 (MTX2006) field campaign in the North China Plain. Total solvent-extractable fractions were investigated by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. More than 130 organic compounds were detected in the aerosol samples. They were grouped into twelve organic compound classes, including biomass burnin

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Zhong, M., and M. Jang. "Dynamic light absorption of biomass burning organic carbon photochemically aged under natural sunlight." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, no. 8 (2013): 20783–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-20783-2013.

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Abstract. Wood burning aerosol produced under smoldering conditions was photochemically aged with different relative humidity (RH) and NOx conditions using a 104 m3 dual outdoor chamber under natural sunlight. Light absorption of organic carbon (OC) was measured over the course of photooxidation using a UV–visible spectrometer connected to an integrating sphere. At high RH, the color decayed rapidly. NOx slightly prolonged the color of wood smoke, suggesting that NOx promotes the formation of chromophores via secondary processes. Overall, the mass absorption cross-section (integrated between 2

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Zhong, M., and M. Jang. "Dynamic light absorption of biomass-burning organic carbon photochemically aged under natural sunlight." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 3 (2014): 1517–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-1517-2014.

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Abstract. Wood-burning aerosol produced under smoldering conditions was photochemically aged with different relative humidity (RH) and NOx conditions using a 104 m3 dual outdoor chamber under natural sunlight. Light absorption of organic carbon (OC) was measured over the course of photooxidation using a UV–visible spectrometer connected to an integrating sphere. At high RH, the color decayed rapidly. NOx slightly prolonged the color of wood smoke, suggesting that NOx promotes the formation of chromophores via secondary processes. Overall, the mass absorption cross section (integrated between 2

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Kang, Mingjie, Pingqing Fu, Kimitaka Kawamura, et al. "Characterization of biogenic primary and secondary organic aerosols in the marine atmosphere over the East China Sea." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 19 (2018): 13947–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-13947-2018.

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Abstract. Molecular composition and abundance of sugars and secondary organic aerosols (SOA) from biogenic sources over the East China Sea were investigated based on gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Biogenic SOA tracers and sugars exhibit higher levels in the samples affected by continental air masses, demonstrating the terrestrial outflows of organic matter to the East China Sea. Glucose was the dominant sugar species (0.31–209, 18.8 ng m−3), followed by mannitol – a fungal spore tracer. All sugar compounds show generally higher average concentrations in the nighttime than in the daytime

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Nirmalkar, Jayant, Tsatsral Batmunkh, and Jinsang Jung. "An optimized tracer-based approach for estimating organic carbon emissions from biomass burning in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, no. 5 (2020): 3231–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-3231-2020.

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Abstract. The impact of biomass burning (BB) on atmospheric particulate matter of <2.5 µm diameter (PM2.5) at Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, was investigated using an optimized tracer-based approach during winter and spring 2017. Integrated 24 h PM2.5 samples were collected on quartz-fiber filters using a 30 L min−1 air sampler at an urban site in Ulaanbaatar. The aerosol samples were analyzed for organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC), anhydrosugars (levoglucosan, mannosan, and galactosan), and water-soluble ions. OC was found to be the predominant species, contributing 64 % and 56 % to the

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Sopčić, Suzana, Ranka Godec, Ivana Jakovljević, and Ivan Bešlić. "The Influence of Biomass Burning on the Organic Content of Urban Aerosols." Biomass 5, no. 1 (2024): 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomass5010001.

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This study examines the influence of biomass burning on the organic content of urban aerosols in Zagreb, Croatia, by analyzing anhydrosugars, elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in PM2.5 and PM1 fractions collected during different seasons of 2022. Seasonal trends showed that the highest average concentrations of PM2.5 (27 µg m−3) and PM1 (17 µg m−3) were measured during the winter and decreased in the spring, summer, and autumn, which is in accordance with the specific activities and environmental conditions typical for each season. Different so

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