Relevant bibliographies by topics / Biomechanics of the proximal tibia

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Biomechanics of the proximal tibia'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Biomechanics of the proximal tibia"

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Noonan, Timothy, Michael Pinzur, Odysseas Paxinos, Robert Havey, and Avinash Patwardhin. "Tibiotalocalcaneal Arthrodesis With a Retrograde Intramedullary Nail: A Biomechanical Analysis of the Effect of Nail Length." Foot & Ankle International 26, no. 4 (2005): 304–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110070502600406.

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Background: Fatigue fractures of the tibia have been observed at the level of the proximal end of the nail after successful tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis with a retrograde intramedullary device. Materials: To study the effect of nail length, five matched pairs of cadaver tibiae were instrumented with strain gauges and potted in methyl-methacrylate from a level 3 cm proximal to the distal medial malleolus to simulate a successful tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis. A standard length (15 cm) ankle arthrodesis nail and an identical longer device terminating in the proximal tibial metaphysis were inserted in each paired tibia using appropriate technique. The strain of the posterior cortex of the tibia was recorded under bending moments of up to 50 Nm for each intact specimen after nail insertion and after proximal locking of the nail. The nails were then exchanged between the specimens of the same pairs and the experiment was repeated to insure uniformity. Results: The standard length locked nail increased the principal strain of the posterior cortex of the tibia at the level of the proximal screw holes 5.3 times more than the locked long nail (353 and 67 microstrains), respectively. This stress concentration was not observed when the proximal extent of the nail terminated within the proximal tibial metaphysis. Conclusion: A successful tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis with a standard length locked intramedullary nail creates stress concentration around the proximal screw holes that may be responsible for the fractures observed clinically. This study supports the use of a “long” retrograde locked intramedullary nail for tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis in patients with systemic or localized osteopenia.
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T, Sreenivas. "Congenital Distal Tibiofibular Synostosis - A Case Report." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 11, no. 9 (2021): 178–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20210927.

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Congenital tibiofibular synostosis is the fusion of tibia and fibula since birth. So far there are many reports of congenital proximal tibio fibular synostosis in English literature, but congenital distal tibio fibular synostosis is very rarely described. Imaging studies by means of X rays, CT and MRI are required to rule out osteochondromas arising from distal tibia, fibula and other conditions. If the patient is symptomatic by means of deformity surgical intervention in the form of corrective osteotomy may be considered to prevent alternation of joint biomechanics. We report a rare case of congenital distal tibiofibular synostosis in a 21 year old female presented with complaints of deformity and pain on and off in left lower leg since childhood. Key words: Congenital; Synostosis; Deformity; Osteochondroma.
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Watson, David, and Roy Sanders. "Locking Plates: Biology, Biomechanics, and Application to the Proximal Tibia." Techniques in Orthopaedics 22, no. 4 (2007): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bto.0b013e31814b2450.

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Yoganandan, N., F. A. Pintar, S. Kumaresan, and M. Boynton. "Axial Impact Biomechanics of the Human Foot-Ankle Complex." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 119, no. 4 (1997): 433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2798290.

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Recent epidemiological, clinical, and biomechanical studies have implicated axial impact to the plantar surface of the foot to be a cause of lower extremity trauma in vehicular crashes. The present study was conducted to evaluate the biomechanics of the human foot–ankle complex under axial impact. Nine tests were conducted on human cadaver below knee–foot–ankle complexes. All specimens were oriented in a consistent anatomical position on a mini-sled and the impact load was delivered using a pendulum. Specimens underwent radiography and gross dissection following the test. The pathology included intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus and/or the distal tibia complex with extensions into the anatomic joints. Impactor load cell forces consistently exceeded the tibial loads for all tests. The mean dynamic forces at the plantar surface of the foot were 7.7 kN (SD = 4.3) and 15.1 kN (SD = 2.7) for the nonfracture and fracture tests, respectively. In contrast, the mean dynamic forces at the proximal tibial end of the preparation were 5.2 kN (SD = 3.1) in the nonfracture group, and 10.2 kN (SD = 1.5) in the fracture group. The foot and tibial end forces were statistically significantly different between these two groups (p < 0.01). The present investigation provides fundamental data to the understanding of the biomechanics of human foot–ankle trauma. Quantifying the effects of other factors such as gender and bone quality on the injury thresholds is necessary to understand foot–ankle tolerance fully.
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Kang, KwanSu, Young Woong Jang, Oui Sik Yoo, et al. "Biomechanical Characteristics of Three Baseplate Rotational Arrangement Techniques in Total Knee Arthroplasty." BioMed Research International 2018 (June 6, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9641417.

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Introduction. Several ongoing studies aim to improve the survival rate following total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which is an effective orthopedic surgical approach for patients with severely painful knee joint diseases. Among the studied strategies, baseplate rotational arrangement techniques for TKA components have been suggested but have been the subject of only simple reliability evaluations. Therefore, this study sought to evaluate comparatively three different baseplate rotational arrangement techniques that are commonly used in a clinical context. Materials and Methods. Three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) models of the proximal tibia with TKA were developed and analyzed considering three baseplate rotational arrangement techniques (anterior cortex line, tibial tuberosity one-third line, and tibial tuberosity end line) for six activities of daily life (ADLs) among patients undergoing TKA. Mechanical tests based on the ASTM F1800 standard to validate the FE models were then performed using a universal testing machine. To evaluate differences in biomechanical characteristics according to baseplate rotational arrangement technique, the strain and peak von Mises stresses (PVMSs) were assessed. Results. The accuracy of the FE models used in this study was high (94.7 ± 5.6%). For the tibial tuberosity one-third line rotational arrangement technique, strains ≤ 50 µstrain (the critical bone damage strain, which may affect bone remodeling) accounted for approximately 2.2%–11.3% and PVMSs within the bone cement ranged from 19.4 to 29.2 MPa, in ADLs with high loading conditions. For the tibial tuberosity end line rotational arrangement, strains ≤ 50 µstrain accounted for approximately 2.3%–13.3% and PVMSs within the bone cement ranged from 13.5 to 26.7 MPa. For anterior cortex line rotational arrangement techniques, strains ≤50 µstrain accounted for approximately 10.6%–16.6% and PVMSs within the bone cement ranged from 11.6 to 21.7 MPa. Conclusion. The results show that the most recently developed frontal cortex line rotational alignment technique is the same or better than the other two rotational alignment techniques in terms of biomechanics. This finding can be, however, dependent on the contact characteristics between the baseplate and the proximal tibia. That is, it is indicated that the optimum baseplate rotational arrangement technique in terms of reducing the incidence of TKA mechanical failure can be achieved by adjusting the characteristics of contact between the baseplate and the proximal tibia.
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Kraeutler, Matthew J., K. Linnea Welton, Jorge Chahla, Robert F. LaPrade, and Eric C. McCarty. "Current Concepts of the Anterolateral Ligament of the Knee: Anatomy, Biomechanics, and Reconstruction." American Journal of Sports Medicine 46, no. 5 (2017): 1235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546517701920.

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In 1879, Paul Segond described an avulsion fracture (now known as a Segond fracture) at the anterolateral proximal tibia with the presence of a fibrous band at the location of this fracture. Although references to this ligament were occasionally made in the anatomy literature after Segond’s discovery, it was not until 2012 that Vincent et al named this ligament what we know it as today, the anterolateral ligament (ALL) of the knee. The ALL originates near the lateral epicondyle of the distal femur and inserts on the proximal tibia near Gerdy’s tubercle. The ALL exists as a ligamentous structure that comes under tension during internal rotation at 30°. In the majority of specimens, the ALL can be visualized as a ligamentous structure, whereas in some cases it may only be palpated as bundles of more tense capsular tissue when internal rotation is applied. Biomechanical studies have shown that the ALL functions as a secondary stabilizer to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in resisting anterior tibial translation and internal tibial rotation. These biomechanical studies indicate that concurrent reconstruction of the ACL and ALL results in significantly reduced internal rotation and axial plane tibial translation compared with isolated ACL reconstruction (ACLR) in the presence of ALL deficiency. Clinically, a variety of techniques are available for ALL reconstruction (ALLR). Current graft options include the iliotibial (IT) band, gracilis tendon autograft or allograft, and semitendinosus tendon autograft or allograft. Fixation angle also varies between studies from full knee extension to 60° to 90° of flexion. To date, only 1 modern study has described the clinical outcomes of concomitant ALLR and ACLR: a case series of 92 patients with a minimum 2-year follow-up. Further studies are necessary to define the ideal graft type, location of fixation, and fixation angle for ALLR. Future studies also must be designed in a prospective comparative manner to compare the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing ACLR with ALL reconstruction versus without ALL reconstruction. By discovering the true effect of the ALL, investigators can elucidate the importance of ALLR in the setting of an ACL tear.
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Cristescu, Ioan, Cristi Angheluta, Florin Safta, et al. "The Outcome of Tricalcium Phosphate Wedges Used in Opening High Tibial Osteotomy." Key Engineering Materials 695 (May 2016): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.695.139.

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In the case of patients suffering from medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee, a high tibial osteotomy is the preferred treatment for preserving the knee articulation and correcting the knee biomechanical axis. Nowadays, the open wedge high tibial osteotomy is the preferred surgical technique for treating patient with varus knee angulation. The procedure consists in creating a medial gap in the proximal tibial metaphysis that is filled with autologus bone graft or bone substitutes. Synthetic bone substitutes made by bioceramics like hydroxyapatite or tricalcium phosphate are becoming more popular. Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) used as a bone substitute has shown to have osteoconductive properties and it is resorbable. We describe our experience in Orthopaedics III Department of the Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest, where we treated a total of 26 patients suffering from medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee with high tibial open wedge osteotomy, between 2011 and 2015. TCP wedge implants were successfully used as bone substitutes for the tibial medial osteotomy in conjunction with a proximal tibia plate and screws. Open wedge high tibia osteotomy used for correcting the biomechanical axis of the lower limb is a safe surgical procedure that preserves the anatomical knee joint.
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Kim, Joong Il, Bo Hyun Kim, Hyuk Soo Han, and Myung Chul Lee. "Rotational Changes in the Tibia After High Tibial Valgus Osteotomy: A Comparative Study of Lateral Closing Versus Medial Opening Wedge Osteotomy." American Journal of Sports Medicine 48, no. 14 (2020): 3549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546520960114.

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Background: After high tibial valgus osteotomy (HTO), rotational changes in the tibia may occur, which can affect the biomechanics of the patellofemoral joint and may lead to anterior knee pain. Purpose: To compare the rotational changes in the tibia between closing wedge HTO (CWHTO) and opening wedge HTO (OWHTO). Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Among the patients who underwent HTO between May 2012 and August 2015, 53 (28 CWHTO and 25 OWHTO) who had computed tomography scans before and at 1 year after the HTO were included. The following parameters were compared between CWHTO and OWHTO: (1) tibial torsion angle, (2) knee rotation angle, and (3) tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance. During the last follow-up, patients were asked to rate their anterior knee pain when climbing the stairs, using the visual analog scale. Results: The tibial torsion angle significantly decreased (internal rotation of the distal fragment) after CWHTO (mean ± SD, –2.1°± 4.1°; P = .019) and OWHTO (–1.8°± 3.3°; P = .029). The knee rotation angle significantly decreased (external rotation of the proximal fragment) after OWHTO (–1.8°± 3.4°; P = .039) but was not changed after CWHTO (0.1°± 3.1°; P = .859). The mean TT-TG distance significantly decreased after CWHTO (–3.1 ± 3.0 mm; P < .001) but increased after OWHTO (2.0 ± 4.3 mm; P = .012). At the final follow-up (minimum, 4 years), the visual analog scale pain score during stair climbing was significantly higher after OWHTO than after CWHTO (3.1 ± 1.4 vs 2.2 ± 1.3, P = .024). Conclusion: Internal rotation of the distal fragment occurred after both CWHTO and OWHTO. However, external rotation of the proximal fragment and increased TT-TG distance occurred after OWHTO. Because such rotational changes could affect anterior knee pain, further studies are warranted to investigate the definite relationship between tibial rotational changes and anterior knee pain after HTO.
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HARMAN, MELINDA K., SCOTT A. BANKS, BENJAMIN J. FREGLY, W. GREGORY SAWYER, and W. ANDREW HODGE. "BIOMECHANICAL MECHANISMS FOR DAMAGE: RETRIEVAL ANALYSIS AND COMPUTATIONAL WEAR PREDICTIONS IN TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENTS." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 05, no. 03 (2005): 469–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519405001588.

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Damage patterns on the articular surface of the proximal tibia, including cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritic knees and damage of polyethylene knee prostheses after total knee replacement, provide information related to knee joint biomechanics and damage mechanisms at the articular surface. This study reports articular damage patterns and knee kinematics assessed in the knees of older subjects, before and after total knee replacement. The damage patterns are used to evaluate computational dynamic contact and tribological models that predict polyethylene damage in a patient-specific total knee replacement model.
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Bhat, S. A., P. Kinjavdekar, M. M. S. Zama, et al. "An in vitro biomechanical investigation of an interlocking nail system developed for buffalo tibia." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 27, no. 01 (2014): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3415/vcot-12-12-0149.

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SummaryObjectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the mechanical properties of a customized buffalo interlocking nail (BIN), intact buffalo tibia, and ostectomized tibia stabilized with BIN in different configurations, as well as to assess the convenience of interlocking nailing in buffalo tibia.Methods: The BIN (316L stainless steel, 12 mm diameter, 250 mm long, nine-hole solid nails with 10° proximal bend) alone was loaded in compression and three-point bending (n = 4 each); intact tibiae and ostectomized tibiae (of buffaloes aged 5–8 years, weighing 300–350 kg) stabilized with BIN using 4.9 mm standard or modified locking bolts (4 or 8) in different configurations were subjected to axial compression, cranio-caudal three-point bending and torsion (n = 4 each) using a universal testing machine. Mechanical parameters were determined from load-displacement curves and compared using Kruskal-Wallis test (p <0.05).Results: Intact tibiae were significantly stronger than BIN and bone-BIN constructs in all testing modes. The strength of fixation constructs with eight locking bolts was significantly more than with four bolts. Overall strength of fixation with modified locking bolts was better than standard bolts. Based on technical ease and biomechanical properties, cranio-caudal insertion of bolts into the bone was found better than medio-lateral insertion.Clinical significance: The eight bolt BINbone constructs could be useful to treat tibial fractures in large ruminants, especially buffaloes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Biomechanics of the proximal tibia"

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Vyvial, Brent Aron. "Characterizing strain in the proximal rat tibia during electrical muscle stimulation." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5760.

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Hindlimb unloading is a widely used model for studying the effects of microgravity on a skeleton. Hindlimb unloading produces a marked loss in bone due to increased osteoclast activity. Electrical muscle stimulation is being investigated as a simulated resistive exercise countermeasure to attenuate this bone loss. I sought to determine the relationship between strain measured at the antero-medial aspect of the proximal diaphysis of tibia and plantar-flexor torque measured at the ankle during electrical muscle stimulation as an exercise countermeasure for hindlimb unloading in rats. A mathematical relationship between strain and torque was established for the exercise during a 28 day period of hindlimb unloading. The strain generated during the exercise protocol is sufficient to attenuate bone loss caused by hindlimb unloading. Twelve six-month old Sprague-Dawley rats were implanted with uni-axial strain gages in vivo on the antero-medial aspect of the proximal diaphysis of the left tibia. Strain and torque were measured during electrical muscle stimulation for three time points during hindlimb unloading (Day 0 (n=3), Day 7 (n=3), Day 21 (n=3)). Peak strain decreased from 1,100 strain at the beginning of the study to 660 strain after 21 days of hindlimb unloading and muscle stimulation. The peak strain rate measured during muscle stimulation was 10,350 strain/second at the beginning and decreased to 6,670 strain/second after 21 days. The changes in strain are not significant, but the underlying trend in strain values may indicate an increase in bone formation due to the electrical muscle stimulation countermeasure. A mathematical model that relates measured strain to peak eccentric torque during muscle stimulation was created to facilitate estimation of strain for future studies of electrical muscle stimulation during hindlimb unloading.
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Hubbell, Zachariah Randall. "Developmental Mechanobiology of the Metaphyseal Cortical-Trabecular Interface in the Human Proximal Tibia and Proximal Humerus." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1452264587.

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Khodadadyan-Klostermann, Cyrus. "Biomechanische, histomorphologische und radiologische Analyse der proximalen Tibia." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/13913.

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Es erfolgt eine Knochenstrukturanalyse der proximalen Tibia unter Berücksichtigung verschiedenster radiologischer, biomechanischer und histomorphometrischer Aspekte. Die regionen-, alters- und geschlechtsspezifischen Aspekte dieser Problemregion werden herausgearbeitet. Der eindeutige Nachweis einer regionen-abhängigen Verteilung der Knochendichte und der biomechanischen Eigenschaften in der proximalen Tibia ist eines der Hauptergebnisse der vorliegenden Studie. In der proximalen Tibia besteht eine signifikante Abnahme der Knochendichte von proximal nach distal. Im zentralen Bereich der proximalen Tibia besteht in allen Sektionen im Vergleich zu den anterior/posterior und medial/lateral liegenden Gebieten die niedrigste Knochendichte. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde die proximale Tibia in 3 Etagen (von proximal nach distal) unterteilt. Beim Vergleich der auf diesen Etagen aufgebrachten ROIs (region of interest,jeweils 5 in den beiden proximalen Etagen und 4 im distalen Abschnitt) zeigte sich in den beiden proximalen Etagen lateral (Ebene I anterolateral/ Ebene II posterolateral) die höchste Knochendichte. Im Gegensatz dazu zeigte sich in der distalen Etage anteromedial die höchste Knochendichte. Weiterhin wurden die 3 gängigen Stabilisierungsverfahren für diese Region einer umfangreichen biomechanischen Testung unterzogen. Es zeigte sich, dass der Ilizarov Fixateur bei den verschiedensten Lastfällen meist das instabilste Implantat war. Trotz der biomechanischen Defizite konnten die in der klinischen Studie mit Composite Fixateur versorgten Frakturen trotz erheblichem Weichteilschaden und instabiler Fraktursituation zur Ausheilung gebracht werden. Das LIS-System erwies sich gegenüber der konventionellen Abstützplatte hinsichtlich der biomechanischen Steifigkeit sowohl in der statischen als auch in der zyklischen Testung als gleichwertiges oder sogar biomechanisch günstigeres Implantat. Diese positiven klinischen wie biomechanischen Erfahrungen führen auch zur Förderung der Entwicklung anderer winkelstabiler Fixateur interne-Systeme in den verschiedensten Problemregionen (Pilon tibiale, proximaler und distaler Humerus, distaler Radius). Als wesentliche neue Therapieansätze für das operative Vorgehen in der Problemregion der proximalen Tibia lassen sich die folgenden Gesichtspunkte herausarbeiten: 1) Knochendichteadaptierte Implantat- und Schraubenpositionierung bei der konventionellen Osteosynthese, 2) Knochendichteadaptierte Pin- und Olivendrahtpositionierung bei externen Fixationsverfahren (Ilizarovringfixateur, Fixateur externe) im Bereich der proximalen Tibia, 3) Implantatverbesserungen (LISS-Schraubenkonfiguration und -positionierung, Plattendesign, Umstellungsplatte, Verriegelungsbolzen bei Marknägeln wie UTN, PTN), 4) Prothesenverbesserung (knochendichteadaptiertes Zapfendesign mit 3 Zapfen für die tibiale Komponente).<br>In this study an analysis of the bone structure of the proximal tibia was performed with special attention paid to the different radiological, biomechanical and histomorphometrical aspects. Region-, age- and gender-specific attributes of the localised bone were also examined. Evidence of a region related variation of bone density and biomechanical behaviour is one of the main results of this study. In the proximal tibia, a significant reduction in the bone density exists from proximal to distal. In comparison to the anterior/posterior or medial/lateral areas, the lowest bone mineral densities were found in the central region. In this study the proximal tibia was divided into 3 different levels (from proximal to distal). When comparing the different regions of interest (ROIs) 5 each in the two proximal levels and 4 in the most distal level), the lateral regions (level 1 anterolateral/ level 2 posterolateral) presented the highest bone mineral density. In contrast, the highest bone density in the distal- level was detected in the anteromedial region. Furthermore, complex biomechanical testing of- 3 common fixation techniques for fracture situations of the proximal tibia was performed. It was shown that the Ilizarov fixator was the most unstable implant in several load tests. Despite this biomechanical deficit fractures treated by composite- fixators in different clinical trails healed uneventfully, even with severe soft tissue damage or an unstable fracture situation. In comparison to the conventional buttress plate, the LIS-System was an equal or superior implant, both in static and cyclic stiffness testing. These clinical and biomechanical experiences lead to the development of other angle stable internal fixator systems for different problematic regions (tibial plafond, proximal and distal humerus, distal radius). The following new therapeutic aspects were developed for the surgical treatment of the proximal tibia: 1) Bone mineral density adapted implant-and screw placement in conventional plating. 2) Bone density adapted pin- and olive wire placement during external fixation (ilizarov ring fixator, external fixator) techniques of the proximal tibia. 3) Improvement of implant design (LISS screw configuration and- placement, plate design, locking bolt configuration in nails). 4) Improvement of prosthetic design (bone density adapted design of the tibial components)
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Goliath, Jesse Roberto. "A 3D Morphological Analysis of the Ontogenetic Patterning of Human Subchondral Bone Microarchitecture in the Proximal Tibia." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1494273830449469.

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Fowler, Nicola K. "Biomechanics of the rheumatoid proximal interphalangeal joint." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364344.

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Perillo-Marcone, Antonio. "Finite element analysis of the proximal implanted tibia in relation to implant loosening." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395359.

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Ortiz, Agapito Fernando, and Ortiz Carlos Joel Gonzalez. "“Tratamiento de Fracturas Articulares de Tibia Proximal. Evaluación de Resultados y Complicaciones Asociadas”." Tesis de Licenciatura, Medicina-Quimica, 2014. http://ri.uaemex.mx/handle/123456789/14730.

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Prommin, Danu. "Compressive behavior of trabecular bone in the proximal tibia using a cellular solid model." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2679.

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In this study, trabecular architecture is considered as a cellular solid structure, including both intact and damaged bone models. ??Intact?? bone models were constructed based on ideal versions of 25, 60 and 80-year-old specimens with varying trabecular lengths and orientations to 5%, and 10% covariance of variation (COV). The models were also flipped between longer transverse and longer longitudinal trabeculae. With increasing COV of lengths and orientations of trabecular bone, the apparent modulus is linearly decreased, especially in the longer transverse trabeculae lengths. ??Damaged?? bone models were built from the 25 year old model at 5% COV of longer transverse trabeculae, and with removing trabeculae of 5% and 10% of trabecular volume in transverse and longitudinal directions, respectively, as well as in combination to total 10% and 15%. With increasing percent of trabeculae missing, the apparent modulus decreased, especially dramatically when removal was only in the transverse direction. The trabecular bone models were also connected to a cortical shell and it was found that the apparent modulus of an entire slice was increased in comparison to the modulus of trabecular bone alone. We concluded that the architecture of trabecular bone, especially both lengths and percent of trabecular missing in the longitudinal direction, significantly influences mechanical properties.
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Zorzi, Alessandro Rozim. "Osteotomia valgizante da tibia proximal com e sem enxerto osseo autologo = estudo clinico prospectivo." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309809.

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Orientador: João Batista de Miranda<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T13:23:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Zorzi_AlessandroRozim_M.pdf: 2318090 bytes, checksum: 67428e73d40fe1ff0a25f4c17e78e4f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010<br>Resumo: Introdução: A técnica de abertura de cunha medial apresenta vantagens em relação às outras de osteotomia valgizante da tíbia, o que a tem tornado muito popular. Sua desvantagem é a criação de uma falha óssea na tíbia proximal, o que poderia possibilitar perda de correção ou retardo de consolidação. O uso de enxerto ósseo autólogo da crista ilíaca tem sido preconizado para diminuir o risco destas complicações. Entretanto, nenhum estudo clínico comparou a evolução clínica entre pacientes com e sem o uso do enxerto ósseo. Hipótese: Não há necessidade de enxerto ósseo na osteotomia de abertura medial, fixada com placa-calço igual ou menor que 12,5 mm. Desenho do estudo: Estudo clínico controlado, duplo-cego, randomizado. Métodos: Foram realizadas 46 osteotomias entre Abril de 2007 e Novembro de 2008. As osteotomias foram divididas aleatoriamente por um programa de computador em dois grupos de 23 joelhos cada. No grupo A, foi usado enxerto autólogo da crista ilíaca para preencher o espaço. No grupo B, o espaço foi deixado sem preenchimento. O enxerto foi coletado nos dois grupos, para garantir o mascaramento tanto dos pacientes quanto dos avaliadores. Avaliações clínicas foram realizadas a cada duas semanas até que sinais clínicos de consolidação estivessem presentes. Resultados: As varáveis demográficas foram similares nos dois grupos. A média de tempo para consolidação no grupo A foi de 12,4 semanas (IC 11,2 - 13,6), e no grupo B foi de 13,7 semanas (IC 12,5-14,9), sem diferença estatística (p=0,130). Perda de correção ocorreu em um paciente no grupo A (4,35%) e em dois pacientes no grupo B (8,7%). Conclusão: Nesta amostra, o tempo de consolidação das osteotomias foi similar nos grupos com e sem enxerto ósseo<br>Abstract: Background: Medial opening-wedge has gained popularity among other techniques of high tibial osteotomy with many advantages. The disadvantage of this method is the creation of a gap, with the possibility of collapse or delayed bone healing, and the need to harvest iliac crest bone graft. The filling of the gap is recommended, but no reports have compared grafted and ungrafted osteotomies. Hypothesis: There is no need for graft to achieve bone union in medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy when 12,5 mm or less spacer plate is used. Study design: Double-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial. Methods: Forty-six opening-wedge high tibial osteotomies were carried out. They were randomly divided by software in two groups of 23 knees: group A filled with autologous bone graft and group B unfilled. Bone graft was taken in all cases to ensure blindness of patients and investigators. Clinical evaluations were performed each two weeks until signs of bone union were achieved. Results: Demographic variables were similar in both groups. Mean time to bone union in group A was 12.4 weeks (CI 11.2-13.6) and in group B was 13.7 weeks (CI 12.5-14.9), without significant difference (p=0.130). Signals of loosening of screws occurred in one patient (4,35%) in group A, against two patients (8,7%) in group B. Conclusion: In this series both groups achieved bone union in similar times<br>Mestrado<br>Cirurgia<br>Mestre em Cirurgia
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Terada, Masafumi. "An Examination of Proximal Tibia Anterior Shear Force and Neuromuscular Control in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1273168117.

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Books on the topic "Biomechanics of the proximal tibia"

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Scott, B. W., and P. A. Templeton. Tibial and ankle fractures in children. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.014010.

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♦ After forearm and digital injuries, tibial and ankle fractures are the commonest fractures in the immature skeleton and the majority of these involve the diaphysis or ankle♦ Compared to the morbidity seen in adults these are relatively forgiving injuries in children as the healing rate of bone and soft tissues is rapid and remodelling will occur♦ It is wise, however, to guard against overconfidence in the remodelling potential of certain injuries; for example, angulated mid-diaphyseal fractures, rotational malalignment, and metaphyseal fractures within 2 years of skeletal maturity♦ Children will tolerate manipulative/cast treatment better than adults as the duration of treatment is usually shorter and rapid rehabilitation is almost the norm with or without physiotherapy♦ Postfracture overgrowth does occur but is less than that following femoral fractures and seldom clinically significant (over 10mm)♦ Isolated fibular fractures are of minor importance but need to be taken into account in managing complex injuries involving the distal tibia♦ It is convenient to discuss injuries according to three anatomical sections: proximal, diaphyseal, and distal.
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Book chapters on the topic "Biomechanics of the proximal tibia"

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Yoshino, N., N. Inoue, Y. Watanabe, et al. "Stress Analysis of the Proximal Tibia After Total Knee Arthroplasty with the Finite Element Method." In Biomechanics in Orthopedics. Springer Japan, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68216-5_17.

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Yoshino, Nobuyuki, Shinro Takai, Nozomu Inoue, and Tsutao Katayama. "Stress Analysis of the Proximal Tibia After Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty with Finite-Element Method." In Clinical Biomechanics and Related Research. Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66859-6_12.

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Sirbu, P. D., E. Carata, T. Petreus, et al. "Minimally Invasive Surgery by Angular Stability Systems in Proximal Tibia Fractures – Biomechanical Characteristics and Preliminary Results." In IFMBE Proceedings. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04292-8_91.

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Rommens, Pol M., and Martin H. Hessmann. "Proximal Tibia." In Intramedullary Nailing. Springer London, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6612-2_21.

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Jenkinson, Richard J., and Hans J. Kreder. "Proximal Tibia." In Evidence-Based Orthopedics. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444345100.ch61.

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Büchler, Lorenz, Moritz Tannast, Klaus A. Siebenrock, and Joseph M. Schwab. "Biomechanics of the Hip." In Proximal Femur Fractures. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64904-7_2.

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Grimer, R. J., S. R. Carter, and R. S. Sneath. "Endoprosthetic Replacements of the Proximal Tibia." In Limb Salvage. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75879-9_39.

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Brivio, L. Renzi. "Proximal Metaphyseal Fractures of the Tibia." In Orthofix External Fixation in Trauma and Orthopaedics. Springer London, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0691-3_25.

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Encinas-Ullán, Carlos Alberto, Primitivo Gómez-Cardero, and E. Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán. "Complex Fractures of the Proximal Tibia." In Complex Fractures of the Limbs. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04441-5_8.

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Triantafillou, Kostas, and Edward Perez. "Proximal Third Tibia Fracture Treated with Intramedullary Nailing." In Fractures of the Tibia. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21774-1_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Biomechanics of the proximal tibia"

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Ciontea, Alexia, Hannah Gustafson, Julie Mansfield, et al. "Posterior Cruciate Ligament Response to Proximal Tibia Impact." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. SAE International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-1221.

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Ciani, Cesare, Paula A. Ramirez Marin, Stephen B. Doty, and Susannah P. Fritton. "Estrogen Depletion Increases Osteocyte Canalicular Diameter in Cortical and Cancellous Bone of the Rat Proximal Tibia." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-205382.

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Estrogen depletion has been shown to cause bone loss in the proximal metaphysis of the rat tibia [1,2]. A decrease in bone volume fraction is frequently reported, yet there is little analysis in the literature related to changes in microporosities during osteoporosis. Our recent work quantifying microporosity changes due to estrogen depletion has shown an increase in the lacunar-canalicular porosity surrounding osteocytes in the proximal metaphysis of the rat tibia [3].
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Basile, Susan, and Xiaopeng Zhao. "Modeling and Analysis of Proximal Tibial Growth Plate Fractures in Adolescents." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-203651.

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Today, children and adolescents are participating heavily in organized athletics year-round. Each year, approximately one third of these children will experience a serious injury requiring a doctor’s or hospital visit. Physeal, or growth plate fractures, are one such type of overuse injury commonly seen in adolescents. At the knee joint, injuries in adolescents occur most often in the proximal region of the tibia as opposed to the middle or distal thirds of the tibia, or in the soft tissues of the joint, as seen in adults. While the exact reasons for this difference have not been directly and definitively quantified, several hypotheses have been suggested. They include differences in movement strategies, changes in limb inertial and material properties, and the timing of these changes in relation to one another. This work aims to compare the changes in and interaction of inertial properties of the lower leg and forces transmitted through the patellar tendon, along with tibiofemoral contact before, during, and after puberty. Forces were first determined using Kane’s method of dynamics in conjunction with an isometric knee extension study yielding separate adult and youth data. These results were then extended to a finite element analysis to load tibial models and investigate changes in stress and strain at the proximal tibia.
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Caruntu, Dumitru I., Eduardo Granados, and Thania A. Martinez. "Nonlinear Dynamics of Ligament Deficient Knees in Proximal-Distal Tibial Oscillatory Motion." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-64078.

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This paper deals with nonlinear dynamics of deficient knees. A two dimensional model of the human knee to include tibia and femur, and the ligamentous structure between the two bones is used to investigate the nonlinear dynamics of the knee in order to differentiate between normal and deficient knees. An exercise in which the femur is pinned at the hip in a sitting position, and tibia in a vertical position is actuated by a vertical soft harmonic force at various frequencies is proposed. A significant difference between the behavior of normal knees and Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL), and Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) deficient knees is predicted.
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Вахитов, Б. И., И. О. Панков, И. Х. Вахитов, Л. И. Вахитов, and И. Р. Ибатуллин. "Principles of treatment of patients with fractures of the proximal articular end tibia." In Научный диалог: Вопросы медицины. ЦНК МОАН, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/spc-15-04-2018-03.

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Henninger, Heath B., Robert T. Burks, and Robert Z. Tashjian. "Biomechanics of Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14043.

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Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) provides significant pain relief and functional improvement in patients with a deficient rotator cuff, 4-part proximal humerus fracture, inflammatory arthritis or revision arthroplasty.[1, 2] As a non-anatomic procedure, rTSA transposes the ball and socket in the glenohumeral joint, allowing the deltoid to initiate elevation of the arm, provide stability and minimize shear forces acting at the glenoid surface.[3, 4]
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Hussain, Fitdriyah, Mohammed Rafiq Abdul Kadir, Ahmad Hafiz Zulkifly, Azlin Sa'at, and Azian Aziz. "Three dimensional anthropometric measurements of the distal femur and proximal tibia for the Malay population." In 2010 IEEE EMBS Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences (IECBES). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iecbes.2010.5742246.

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Galik, Karol, Patrick Smolinski, Stephen F. Conti, and Mark C. Miller. "Stress Analysis of the Polyethylene Component in Total Ankle Arthroplasty: Effect of Thickness." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-42418.

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A three-dimensional finite element model was constructed of the distal tibia and fibula and a semi-constrained ankle prosthesis (Agility™ system). Contact elements were used at the interface between the talar component and the polyethylene liner and the proximal tibia and fibular were loaded in the in vertical direction. The minimal thickness of the polyethylene liner was varied from 3 mm to 8 mm in 1 mm increments. The results showed that the liner contact pressure in the sagittal plane mid-line decreased from 20 MPa to 14 MPa with increasing thickness while the medial edge contact pressure increased from 26 MPa to 30 MPa.
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Fitzwater, Fallon, Amber Lenz, and Lorin Maletsky. "Modeling of a Dynamic Knee Simulator With Advanced PID Controller to Evaluate Joint Loading Conditions." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-38932.

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In-vitro dynamic knee simulators allow researchers to investigate changes in natural knee biomechanics due to pathologies, injuries or total joint replacement. The advent of the instrumented tibia, which directly measures knee loads in-vivo, has provided a wealth data for various activities that in-vitro studies now aim to replicate [1, 2]. Dynamic knee simulators, such as the Kansas Knee Simulator (KKS), achieve these physiological loads at the joint by applying external loads to either bone ends or musculature. Determining the external loading conditions necessary to replicate activity specific joint loads, obtained from instrumented tibia data, during dynamic simulations are calculated using computational models.
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Gantoi, F. Marina, Michael A. Brown, and Ahmed A. Shabana. "ANCF Modeling of the Contact Geometry and Deformation in Biomechanics Applications." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70224.

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The purpose of this investigation is to demonstrate the use of the finite element (FE) absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) and multibody system (MBS) algorithms in modeling both the contact geometry and ligaments deformations in biomechanics applications. Two ANCF approaches can be used to model the rigid contact surface geometry. In the first approach, fully parameterized ANCF volume elements are converted to surface geometry using parametric relationship that reduces the number of independent coordinate lines. This parametric relationship can be defined analytically or using a spline function representation. In the second approach, an ANCF surface that defines a gradient deficient thin plate element is used. This second approach does not require the use of parametric relations or spline function representations. These two geometric approaches shed light on the generality of and the flexibility offered by the ANCF geometry as compared to computational geometry (CG) methods such as B-splines and NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines). Furthermore, because B-spline and NURBS representations employ a rigid recurrence structure, they are not suited as general analysis tools that capture different types of joint discontinuities. ANCF finite elements, on the other hand, lend themselves easily to geometric description and can additionally be used effectively in the analysis of ligaments, muscles, and soft tissues (LMST), as demonstrated in this paper using the knee joint as an example. In this study, ANCF finite elements are used to define the femur/tibia rigid body contact surface geometry. The same ANCF finite elements are also used to model the MCL and LCL ligament deformations. Two different contact formulations are used in this investigation to predict the femur/tibia contact forces; the elastic contact formulation where penetrations and separations at the contact points are allowed, and the constraint contact formulation where the non-conformal contact conditions are imposed as constraint equations, and as a consequence, no separations or penetrations at the contact points are allowed. For both formulations, the contact surfaces are described in a parametric form using surface parameters that enter into the ANCF finite element geometric description. A set of nonlinear algebraic equations that depend on the surface parameters is developed and used to determine the location of the contact points. These two contact formulations are implemented in a general MBS algorithm that allows for modeling rigid and flexible body dynamics.
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Reports on the topic "Biomechanics of the proximal tibia"

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Lairet, Julio, and Vikhyat Bebarta. A Comparison of Proximal Tibia and Proximal Humerus Infusion Rates of Plasma Under High Pressure Using the EZ IO Intraosseous Device in the Adult Swine (Sus scrofa) Hypovolemic Model. Defense Technical Information Center, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada570999.

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