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Jamei, Elmira, and Zora Vrcelj. "Biomimicry and the Built Environment, Learning from Nature’s Solutions." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (August 16, 2021): 7514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167514.
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The growing interest in biomimicry in built environments highlights the awareness raised among designers on the potentials nature offers to human and system function improvements. Biomimicry has been widely utilized in advanced material technology. However, its potential in sustainable architecture and construction has yet to be discussed in depth. Thus, this study offers a comprehensive review of the use of biomimicry in architecture and structural engineering. It also reviews the methods in which biomimicry assists in achieving efficient, sustainable built environments. The first part of this review paper introduces the concept of biomimicry historically and practically, discusses the use of biomimicry in design and architecture, provides a comprehensive overview of the potential and benefits of biomimicry in architecture, and explores how biomimicry can be utilized in building envelops. Then, in the second part, the integration of biomimicry in structural engineering and construction is thoroughly explained through several case studies. Finally, biomimicry in architectural and structural design of built environments in creating climate-sensitive and energy-efficient design is explained.
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Nasution, Fery Azani, Pedia Aldy, and Mira Dharma Susilawaty. "KAJIAN ARSITEKTUR BIOMIMIKRI DALAM PERANCANGAN ROKAN HULU BUTTERFLY PARK AND CONSERVATION CENTER." Jurnal Arsitektur ZONASI 3, no. 3 (October 20, 2020): 322–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jaz.v3i3.26876.
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Abstract: Rokan Hulu is a region that is rich in biodiversity, with natural tropical conditions making Rokan Hulu a suitable habitat for flora and fauna. One of them is butterfly fauna. There are various types of endemic butterflies preserved in the tourist area of Hapanasan Rokan Hulu which has an information center and butterfly breeding, which is one of the most visited tourist attractions in Rokan Hulu. The Rokan Hulu Butterfly Park and Conservation Center are a butterfly research and breeding facility that serves as a conservation area and educational activities, to provide updated information about butterflies for the public. By implementing Biomimicry Architecture, it is able to create a relationship between architecture and nature by implementing natural strategies into building designs. Through the concept of 'butterfly metamorphosis' and transformed with biomimicry architecture approach, this building has architectural qualities that can stimulate the life of the butterfly habitat and plants as source of food.Keywords: Biomimicry; Butterfly Park; Conservation Center Abstrak: Rokan Hulu merupakan daerah yang kaya akan keanekaragaman hayati yang sangat tinggi. Kabupaten ini memiliki keadaan alam yang beriklim tropis sehingga menjadikan Rokan Hulu sebagai habitat yang cocok untuk flora dan fauna salah satunya adalah fauna kupu-kupu. Terdapat berbagai macam jenis kupu-kupu endemik yang dilestarikan di kawasan wisata Hapanasan Rokan Hulu yang memiliki pusat informasi dan penangkaran kupu-kupu yang merupakan salah satu kawasan wisata yang paling banyak dikunjungi di Rokan Hulu. Rokan Hulu Butterfly Park and Conservation Centre merupakan wadah penelitian dan penangkaran kupu-kupu yang berfungsi sebagai ruang interaksi kegiatan konservasi dan edukasi, sehingga dapat memberikan informasi mengenai kehidupan kupu-kupu kepada masyarakat. Dengan implementasi Arsitektur Biomimikri, pendekatan arsitektur ini mampu menciptakan hubungan antara arsitektur dan alam dengan mengaplikasikan strategi alam ke dalam rancangan bangunan. Melalui konsep ‘metamorphosis kupu-kupu’ dan ditransformasikan dengan pendekatan arsitektur biomimikri bangunan ini memiliki kualitas arsitektur yang dapat menstimulasi kehidupan habitat kupu-kupu dan tanaman yang menjadi sumber makanannya.Kata Kunci: Biomimikri; Butterfly Park; Conservation Center
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Clements-Croome, Derek. "Biomimicry in architecture (2nd ed.)." Intelligent Buildings International 9, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17508975.2017.1309949.
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Baroš, Tomáš, and Dušan Katunský. "Parasitic architecture." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 15, no. 1 (September 1, 2020): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sspjce-2020-0003.
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Abstract This paper could be considered as a general overview of current examples of realization, research, in architecture which could be called parasitic. Also, as an outline of possible new perspectives on current issues through the biomimicry design philosophy. The aim was also to clearly articulate the intent of the research I am dealing with while opening up a discourse on the subject.
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Kaplinsky, Joe. "Biomimicry versus Humanism." Architectural Design 76, no. 1 (January 2006): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ad.212.
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Khoja, Ahmed, and Sahl Waheeb. "Vernomimicry: Bridging the Gap between Nature and Sustainable Architecture." Journal of Sustainable Development 13, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v13n1p33.
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Biomimicry or learning from nature in architecture is a method that aims to develop a sustainable design solution for modern world challenges by mimicking models, systems, and elements of nature. However, developing biomimetic solutions is not a problem-free approach due to the fact that both, biology and architecture are different. Therefore, the vernacular architecture being the human form of natural construction can be used to help bridge the gap between nature and architecture. There are certain potentials and limitations of using both, biomimicry and vernacular architecture in modern day architecture. However, several methods and the process can be used to develop solutions for these issues. A fusion between both approaches in the form of “Vernomimicry” be used to apply nature based and nature like solutions in architecture successfully.
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Fahmy, Sarah Fathy Ahmed. "Biomimicry as an Innovation in Modern Architecture Design." مجلة العمارة والفنون والعلوم الإنسانية N.A., no. 10 P 1 (April 2018): 84–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0044834.
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Amer, Nihal. "Biomimetic Approach in Architectural Education: Case study of ‘Biomimicry in Architecture’ Course." Ain Shams Engineering Journal 10, no. 3 (September 2019): 499–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2018.11.005.
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M N, Ashwath. "Biomimetics: An Approach to Enhance Sustainability - An Overview." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 30, 2021): 2760–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36947.
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Biomimicry is the study of natural structures, mechanisms and ecosystems to create more ecologically sustainable designs. It plays a vital role in searching for new tools and techniques to solve human problems by adopting natural phenomena. Many experts now view nature through biomimicry for motivation with its instinctive ability for sustainability and proven flexibility to interruption. Biomimetics is not a recent trend; the idea of looking into nature for inspiration is in practice for a long time. Human innovations have borrowed from nature throughout history. Essential elements of biomimicry are ethos, emulate and reconnect. Philosophies of biomimicry emphasise nature’s features, thereby implying that humans have much to learn from nature with evolutionary knowledge. Biomimicry is a modelling tool; the design process is usually divided into two categories; biology to design and challenge to biology. Research folk imitate natural phenomena in three levels viz., form, process, and ecosystem level. Nowadays, biomimicry is used in almost every field, from architecture to computer science. Biomimicry can help with structural quality, water efficiency, zero-waste systems, the thermal atmosphere and energy supply. Fluid-drag-reduction swimsuits inspired by the structure of shark skin, velcro fasteners inspired by burrs, aeroplane shapes inspired by the appearance of birds and stable building systems inspired by termite mounds, honeycombs, and other biomimetic experiments are only a few examples.
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최성경 and 문정민. "Characteristics of Biomimicry architecture and research context expression proposal." Journal of Korea Design Knowledge ll, no. 26 (June 2013): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17246/jkdk.2013..26.004.
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Deyaa Abdul Jalil, Dr Wijdan, and Hussaen Ali Hasan Kahachi. "THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NANO-BIOMIMICRY FOR SUSTAINABILITY IN ARCHITECTURE." Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development 23, no. 3 (May 1, 2019): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.23.3.3.
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El-Zeiny, Rasha Mahmoud Ali. "Biomimicry as a Problem Solving Methodology in Interior Architecture." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 50 (2012): 502–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.08.054.
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F. M. Mohamed, Mohamed, and . "Biomimicry architecture: new dimensions of creativity an exploratory approach in academia." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.5 (September 22, 2018): 641. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.5.21176.
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The Universe around us stands as a proof of the greatness of God. Everything around us, small or huge, tiny or great, all confirms the fact that this universe has a creator who initiated it and kept running and maintaining it. No one can ignore such fact. Allah has created all aspects of beauty and perfection. Despite the vast technological and scientific development that humanity witness these days, yet we still discover new indications of God's creativity and miraculous formations every day. This fact was the source of inspiration for architectur- al designers in coming up with new inventions and creations that help regeneration and natural environmental sustainability. “Biomimic- ry” is certainly one of these approaches that consider nature as its inspiration towards a different –hopefully, a better - future for humani- ty. This research sheds some light on a vision that took place in fall2014 at the department of architecture, Effat University, KSA. A senior studio (studio7) was targeted to explore the potential of weaving the “Biomimicry” approach within the syllabus of that studio. This initiative had been proposed by the team supervising this studio as an exploratory one before the call from “Makkah Techno-valley Company (MTV)” to design a Research Center (RIM) was launched. The RIM project aspires to play a major role in offering a support- ive environment for youth in Saudi Arabia enhancing their abilities and developing their skills to experience achievement within “MTV” main campus. The study aimed at exploring the possibilities of implementing such an approach within a GCC country with its entire unique educational context.
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Benyoucef, Yassine, and Andrey Razin. "BIOMIMICRY ARCHITECTURE, FROM THE INSPIRATION BY NATURE TO THE INNOVATION OF THE SAHARAN ARCHITECTURE." Architecture and Engineering 3, no. 4 (December 28, 2018): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.23968/2500-0055-2018-3-4-3-12.
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Yousefi, Kianoosh, and Emad Rezaei Rad. "BIOMIMICRY AND ECHOMIMICRY IN IRANIAN ARCHITECTURE AND ITS SIMILARITY WITH THE IRANIAN DESERT ARCHITECTURE." TURKISH ONLINE JOURNAL OF DESIGN, ART AND COMMUNICATION 6, AGSE (August 10, 2016): 1306–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7456/1060agse/015.
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Chairiyah, Riri, and Ahmad Sarwadi. "Application of Adaptive Structure based on Natural Inspiration on Biomimicry Architecture." Journal of Architectural Design and Urbanism 1, no. 1 (September 29, 2018): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jadu.v1i1.3247.
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Today the advancement of technology and human science has developed rapidly. These developments give a number of technological innovations that were used to solve and facilitate human life. One of the advances in technological innovation is the development of buildings that are designed and established using modern technology. However, the development of these advances, especially man-made buildings, on the contrary, also have a lot of adverse effects on the environment in which humans live. These adverse impacts cause environmental degradation to result in the extinction of a number of natural species around human habitation. These problems are mostly sourced from people who lack environmental awareness. A number of experts to scientists, especially those in charge of development problems, began to look for ways to reduce these adverse impacts. One way that is done especially by architects is to study the process of natural adaptation with its environment which is included in the Biomimicry Architecture. The adaptation process carried out by nature is reflected in how forms, processes and systems that nature uses to respond to its environment. The inspiration was then applied by the architect into the building. Architects in terms of building design must pay attention to three important aspects that exist in the building design process, namely aesthetics, function and strength. However, the aspect of power design in the discussion of biomimicry architecture has a smaller portion than aesthetics and function. While the need for building strength innovations in this regard is very necessary in the building structure against the background of the lack of innovative and environmentally friendly structural design aspects. Based on this problem, this study then used content analysis method with qualitative inductive type. The study was conducted by analyzing written information data that discussed the case of selected buildings, namely The Eden Project Building, The Gherkin Tower and The Eastgate Center. The results of the research are descriptive explanations related to how the adaptive principles applied by the architect into the building use natural inspiration. The benefits of this research are expected to provide an illustration for architects to design buildings that are adaptive to the environment, especially from structural systems and can expand the science of Biomimicry Architecture.
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Asghar, Quratulain, and Syed Muhammad Zille Ali Naqvi. "BIOMIMICRY PERMEATED ARCHITECTURE PEDAGOGY - A METHOD OF INVESTIGATING BIO-MIMICRY AND DIGITAL TECHNIQUES IN THE ARCHITECTURAL DESGIN STUDIOS." Journal of Research in Architecture and Planning 27, no. 2 (December 25, 2019): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.53700/jrap2722019_4.
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In the emerging era of technology, the architectural world is taking inspiration from nature for solutions to its problems, which involve the study of natural design systems and various processes. This research investigation, carried out in the fourth year architecture design studio, aims to investigate bio-mimicry as a development process, involving it for architectural design. It also attempts to study innovation by integrating the digital tools like Rhino, Grasshopper, Ladybug and Para Cloud Gem. A new understanding of solving design issues with the help of natural processes and phenomena is the basic aim. Natural systems offer design strategies to improve design thinking due to the availability of extensive repertoire; which makes incorporating multi-functional and self-organized biomimetic principles into the design process a requirement. This discusses an undergraduate design studio titled "Digital Design through Bio-mimicry" which was taught by the author in an architectural degree program at the University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Department of Architecture in Spring 2018. Following the exploration of individual research topics, the findings were implemented into design solutions. It has been a critical challenge for the author to increase the skill of students about biomimetic thinking, making them learn about how to handle digital tool’s performance issues, as well as making them work on the development of interesting form generation. The challenges encountered in the teaching process and future lines of the work are discussed in this paper. Keywords: Biomimetic processes, Architectural education, Digital Techniques, Vertical Landscape, Computer-Aided Architectural Design
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Ramzy, Nely. "Sustainable Spaces with Psychological Values: Historical Architecture as Reference Book for Biomimetic Models with Biophilic Qualities." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 9, no. 2 (July 13, 2015): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v9i2.464.
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Biomimicry is a growing area of interest in architecture due to the potentials it offers for innovative architectural solutions and for more sustainable, regenerative built environment. Yet, a growing body of research identified various deficiencies to the employment of this approach in architecture. Of particular note are that: first, some biomimetic technologies are not inherently more sustainable or Nature-friendly than conventional equivalents; second, they lack any spatial expression of Nature and are visually ill-integrated into it. In a trial to redeem these deficiencies, this paper suggests a frame-work for more sustainable strategy that combines this approach with the relative approach of "Biophilia", with reference to examples from historical architecture. Using pioneering strategies and applications from different historical styles, the paper shows that the combination of these two approaches may lead to enhanced outcomes in terms of sustainability as well as human psychology and well-being. In doing so, architects may go beyond simply mimicking Nature to synthesizing architecture in tune with it and bringing in bio-inspired solutions that is more responsive to human needs and well-being.
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Choi, Jaepil, Jung-Won Lee, Eui-Soon Ahn, Dong-Hwa Shon, and Gen-Song Piao. "The Development of a Biometric Information Classification System for Biomimicry Architecture Research." Journal of the architectural institute of Korea planning & design 31, no. 6 (June 30, 2015): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5659/jaik_pd.2015.31.6.65.
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Holbrook, C. Tate, Rebecca M. Clark, Dani Moore, Rick P. Overson, Clint A. Penick, and Adrian A. Smith. "Social insects inspire human design." Biology Letters 6, no. 4 (April 14, 2010): 431–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2010.0270.
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The international conference ‘Social Biomimicry: Insect Societies and Human Design’, hosted by Arizona State University, USA, 18–20 February 2010, explored how the collective behaviour and nest architecture of social insects can inspire innovative and effective solutions to human design challenges. It brought together biologists, designers, engineers, computer scientists, architects and businesspeople, with the dual aims of enriching biology and advancing biomimetic design.
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Haska, Eneida, Halil Eryildiz, and Hajri Haska. "The sustainable intelligent building skins: Facade imitating the tree procces of filtering air, biomimicry architecture." Sustainable Forestry: Collection, no. 79-80 (2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sustfor1979001h.
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In recent years the facades of building have become incrisingly significant due to unconvencional choices of materials and the use of inovative technology. More and more the external surfaces are beeing percived and designet as an integral part of the building. This skin, a protective mantle defines not only the interior but also the adjoining exterior space. It is visiting card of the building. Today's way of doing architecture should be a vision initiative which includes new ways of thinking about the relationship between construction and the environment, discovering new forms and content, and the assertion that the art of construction is in a new phase which will definitely change the way of our living, always in accordance with the language of nature. In this study we will show examples of how new forms of architectural design imitating nature completely change the old fashioned way of design. Especially Intelligent Façade which is a very efficient form of our impact in nature.
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Aboelkhair, Aya, Mohammed Ezzat, and Ahmed Abdelfatah Saaid Hamza. "THE ROLE OF BIOMIMICRY IN DEVELOPING ARCHITECTURE DESIGN PROCCESS (CREATION & DESIGN PROCESS)." Journal of Al-Azhar University Engineering Sector 14, no. 52 (July 1, 2019): 1304–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/auej.2019.43402.
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Zulherman, Al Busyra Fuadi, Irmaidi Indra, I. Nengah Tela, and Zaitul. "Application of Biomimicry Architecture Concept on Lapau Panjang Buildings as A Tourism Icon." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 385 (November 25, 2019): 012058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/385/1/012058.
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Franklin, Geraint. "Sweet Geometry: Edward Reynolds at the Architectural Association, 1956–58." Architectural History 62 (2019): 171–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/arh.2019.7.
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AbstractThis article considers the position of the Anglo-Portuguese architect Edward Reynolds (1926–59) in the British avant-garde of the 1950s. InModern Architecture: A Critical History(1980), Kenneth Frampton suggested that Reynolds's student projects at the Architectural Association in London ‘exerted a decisive influence on the development of Brutalism’. This article scrutinises that claim through the lens of Reynolds's interactions with his peers, including the so-called French House group, an informal network that included his tutors John Killick, James Gowan and Peter Smithson. Notable characteristics of Reynolds's work — chiefly the use of complex and irregular geometries to articulate patterns of activity and movement — are discussed, as are contemporary projects by other members of the group and trends such as the New Brutalism, biomimicry and the revival of pre-war strands of Modernism.
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Borrego-González, Sara, Matthew J. Dalby, and Aránzazu Díaz-Cuenca. "Nanofibrous Gelatin-Based Biomaterial with Improved Biomimicry Using D-Periodic Self-Assembled Atelocollagen." Biomimetics 6, no. 1 (March 18, 2021): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics6010020.
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Design of bioinspired materials that mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) at the nanoscale is a challenge in tissue engineering. While nanofibrillar gelatin materials mimic chemical composition and nano-architecture of natural ECM collagen components, it lacks the characteristic D-staggered array (D-periodicity) of 67 nm, which is an important cue in terms of cell recognition and adhesion properties. In this study, a nanofibrous gelatin matrix with improved biomimicry is achieved using a formulation including a minimal content of D-periodic self-assembled atelocollagen. We suggest a processing route approach consisting of the thermally induced phase separation of the gelatin based biopolymeric mixture precursor followed by chemical-free material cross-linking. The matrix nanostructure is characterized using field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), wide angle X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The cell culture assays indicate that incorporation of 2.6 wt.% content of D-periodic atelocollagen to the gelatin material, produces a significant increase of MC3T3-E1 mouse preosteoblast cells attachment and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) proliferation, in comparison with related bare gelatin matrices. The presented results demonstrate the achievement of an efficient route to produce a cost-effective, compositionally defined and low immunogenic “collagen-like” instructive biomaterial, based on gelatin.
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Yu, Fang, Walter Hunziker, and Deepak Choudhury. "Engineering Microfluidic Organoid-on-a-Chip Platforms." Micromachines 10, no. 3 (February 27, 2019): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10030165.
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In vitro cell culture models are emerging as promising tools to understand human development, disease progression, and provide reliable, rapid and cost-effective results for drug discovery and screening. In recent years, an increasing number of in vitro models with complex organization and controlled microenvironment have been developed to mimic the in vivo organ structure and function. The invention of organoids, self-organized organ-like cell aggregates that originate from multipotent stem cells, has allowed a whole new level of biomimicry to be achieved. Microfluidic organoid-on-a-chip platforms can facilitate better nutrient and gas exchange and recapitulate 3D tissue architecture and physiology. They have the potential to transform the landscape of drug development and testing. In this review, we discuss the challenges in the current organoid models and describe the recent progress in the field of organoid-on-a-chip.
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Campiglio, Chiara Emma, Selene Ponzini, Paola De Stefano, Giulia Ortoleva, Lorenzo Vignati, and Lorenza Draghi. "Cross-Linking Optimization for Electrospun Gelatin: Challenge of Preserving Fiber Topography." Polymers 12, no. 11 (October 25, 2020): 2472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112472.
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Opportunely arranged micro/nano-scaled fibers represent an extremely attractive architecture for tissue engineering, as they offer an intrinsically porous structure, a high available surface, and an ideal microtopography for guiding cell migration. When fibers are made with naturally occurring polymers, matrices that closely mimic the architecture of the native extra-cellular matrix and offer specific chemical cues can be obtained. Along this track, electrospinning of collagen or gelatin is a typical and effective combination to easily prepare fibrous scaffolds with excellent properties in terms of biocompatibility and biomimicry, but an appropriate cross-linking strategy is required. Many common protocols involve the use of swelling solvents and can result in significant impairment of fibrous morphology and porosity. As a consequence, the efforts for processing gelatin into a fiber network can be vain, as a film-like morphology will be eventually presented to cells. However, this appears to be a frequently overlooked aspect. Here, the effect on fiber morphology of common cross-linking protocols was analyzed, and different strategies to improve the final morphology were evaluated (including alternative solvents, cross-linker concentration, mechanical constraint, and evaporation conditions). Finally, an optimized, fiber-preserving protocol based on carbodiimide (EDC) chemistry was defined.
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Anghel, Anamaria Andreea, Irina Mohora, Alma-Dia Preda (Hapenciuc), Diana Giurea, and Flaviu Mihai Frigura-Iliasa. "ENVIRONMENTAL TENDENCIES IN MODULAR GREEN INSTALLATIONS." Journal of Green Building 14, no. 4 (September 2019): 195–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.14.4.195.
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There are two main approaches when discussing living green walls: an ecological one and an artistic one. Ecological thinking mainly considers environmental aspects, comfort enhancement and energy consumption and oversees human interaction and actual proximity to plants. In opposition, art or architecture installations that involve vegetation, lack technical and ecological aspects, aiming to raise awareness on environmental issues using human interaction either physically (direct) or emotionally (indirect). The present paper aims to analyze methods of combining the two directions, in a functional, ecological, yet aesthetically pleasing composition. In order to further develop previous experiences gathered by the team members, authors of this article, a green installation concept made out of interactive modular systems unites all the knowledge into a new, living, moving, dynamic, interactive structure whose inspiration is taken from nature while using biomimicry as main principle for its development. This new concept responds and is influenced by both external, natural stimuli and by the human factor. Multidisciplinarity is a key element in developing this project, involving architecture, art, interior and landscape design, botany, geometry, mechanical and electrical engineering, leading towards new research directions and innovative approaches in greenery—interior environment connections.
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Park, Clara, Yiling Fan, Gregor Hager, Hyunwoo Yuk, Manisha Singh, Allison Rojas, Aamir Hameed, et al. "An organosynthetic dynamic heart model with enhanced biomimicry guided by cardiac diffusion tensor imaging." Science Robotics 5, no. 38 (January 29, 2020): eaay9106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.aay9106.
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The complex motion of the beating heart is accomplished by the spatial arrangement of contracting cardiomyocytes with varying orientation across the transmural layers, which is difficult to imitate in organic or synthetic models. High-fidelity testing of intracardiac devices requires anthropomorphic, dynamic cardiac models that represent this complex motion while maintaining the intricate anatomical structures inside the heart. In this work, we introduce a biorobotic hybrid heart that preserves organic intracardiac structures and mimics cardiac motion by replicating the cardiac myofiber architecture of the left ventricle. The heart model is composed of organic endocardial tissue from a preserved explanted heart with intact intracardiac structures and an active synthetic myocardium that drives the motion of the heart. Inspired by the helical ventricular myocardial band theory, we used diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging and tractography of an unraveled organic myocardial band to guide the design of individual soft robotic actuators in a synthetic myocardial band. The active soft tissue mimic was adhered to the organic endocardial tissue in a helical fashion using a custom-designed adhesive to form a flexible, conformable, and watertight organosynthetic interface. The resulting biorobotic hybrid heart simulates the contractile motion of the native heart, compared with in vivo and in silico heart models. In summary, we demonstrate a unique approach fabricating a biomimetic heart model with faithful representation of cardiac motion and endocardial tissue anatomy. These innovations represent important advances toward the unmet need for a high-fidelity in vitro cardiac simulator for preclinical testing of intracardiac devices.
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Shyam, Friend, Whiteaker, Bense, Dowdall, Boktor, Johny, et al. "PeTaL (Periodic Table of Life) and Physiomimetics." Designs 3, no. 3 (August 14, 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs3030043.
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The Periodic Table of Life (PeTaL) is a system design tool and open source framework that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to aid in the systematic inquiry of nature for its application to human systems. This paper defines PeTaL’s architecture and workflow. Biomimicry, biophysics, biomimetics, bionics and numerous other terms refer to the use of biology and biological principles to inform practices in other disciplines. For the most part, the domain of inquiry in these fields has been confined to extant biological models with the proponents of biomimicry often citing the evolutionary success of extant organisms relative to extinct ones. An objective of this paper is to expand the domain of inquiry for human processes that seek to model those that are, were or could be found in nature with examples that relate to the field of aerospace and to spur development of tools that can work together to accelerate the use of artificial intelligence, topology optimization and conventional modeling in problem solving. Specifically, specialized fields such as paleomimesis, anthropomimesis and physioteleology are proposed in conjunction with artificial evolution. The overarching philosophy outlined here can be thought of as physiomimetics, a holistic and systematic way of learning from natural history. The backbone of PeTaL integrates an unstructured database with an ontological model consisting of function, morphology, environment, state of matter and ecosystem. Tools that support PeTaL include machine learning, natural language processing and computer vision. Applications of PeTaL include guiding human space exploration, understanding human and geological history, and discovering new or extinct life. Also discussed is the formation of V.I.N.E. (Virtual Interchange for Nature-inspired Exploration), a virtual collaborative aimed at generating data, research and applications centered on nature. Details of implementation will be presented in subsequent publications. Recommendations for future work are also presented.
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Showkatbakhsh, Milad, and Mohammed Makki. "Application of homeostatic principles within evolutionary design processes: adaptive urban tissues." Journal of Computational Design and Engineering 7, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwaa002.
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Abstract Nature is a repository of dynamic and intertwined processes ready to be analyzed and simulated. Homeostasis, as a scale-free and universal biological process across all species, ensures adaptability to perturbations caused by intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli. Homeostatic processes by which species maintain their stability are strongly present through ontogenetic and phylogenetic histories of living beings. Forms and behaviors of species are imperative to their homeostatic conditions. Although biomimicry has been established for many decades, and has made significant contributions to engineering and architecture, homeostasis has rarely been part of this field of research. The experiments presented in this paper aim to examine the applicability of biological principles of homeostasis into generative design processes in order to evolve urban superblocks with a degree of morphological and behavioral adaptation to environmental changes; the objective is to eventually develop a modus operandi for the design and development of cities with embedded dynamic adaptation attributes.
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Bayhan, Hasan Gokberk, and Ece Karaca. "SWOT Analysis of Biomimicry for Sustainable Buildings – A Literature Review of the Importance of Kinetic Architecture Applications in Sustainable Construction Projects." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 471 (February 24, 2019): 082047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/471/8/082047.
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Mortera-Blanco, Teresa, Athanasios Mantalaris, Alexander Bismarck, and Nicki Panoskaltsis. "Long-Term in Vitro Cytokine-Free and Serum-Free Culture of Human Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells in a Three-Dimensional Scaffold." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.503.503.
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Abstract Abstract 503 The ability to expand cord blood (CB) cells ex vivo overcomes an important limitation to its wider clinical application in cellular therapies. The current practice of hematopoietic cell culture is based on two-dimensional (2D) tissue culture flasks or well plates which require either co-culture with allogeneic or xenogeneic stromal cells and the exogenous provision of several cytokines. This 2D culture environment is artificial and lacks the 3D cellular niches that characterise the in vivo hematopoietic inductive microenvironment. Specifically, the cultured cells are exposed to abnormally high cytokine concentrations, which may result in differentiation and loss of pluripotency. We have previously developed a 3D bone marrow biomimicry through the use of synthetic scaffolds made of poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and polyurethane (PU) coated with collagen type I. Our previous work has shown that these scaffolds, which were seeded with cord blood (CB) mononuclear cells (MNCs) at a cell density of 3-6×106cells per scaffold (5×5×5mm3), could successfully support long-term culture in the absence of exogenous growth factors for over 4 weeks. Specifically, the 3D biomimicry facilitated a 53-fold total MNC expansion, with an increase in the BFU-E and CFU-GM progenitor cell population. However, these cultures, although cytokine-free, contained 20-30% (v/v) fetal calf serum which can have both conducive and inhibitory effects on hematopoietic cell cultures due to the unknown composition and concentration of humoral factors contained within. Inclusion of serum in expansion-type cultures can limit the clinical application of the derived product. The serum-free and cytokine-free culture and expansion of hematopoietic cells has not been achieved until now. Herein, we report that for at least 4 weeks the polyurethane (PU) scaffolds coated with collagen type I were able to maintain and expand human CB MNCs. Furthermore the progenitor population, as determined by the colony forming unit assay, was also maintained and preferentially directed towards the granulocytic lineage, even though the CFU-GEMMs declined. Immunophenotypic analysis of the extracted cells confirmed the presence of erythroid precursors (CD71+CD45-) as well as early maturing myeloid cells. In contrast, the 2D cytokine- and serum-free cultures collapsed within 3-4 days. We hypothesized that the 3D biomimicry was able to facilitate serum- and cytokine-free conditions because it can recapitulate the three-dimensional architecture of the human bone marrow. This hypothesis was supported by scanning electron microscopy of the central sections of the scaffolds that showed the migration of cells within the pores and establishment of “niche-like” structures. In conclusion, this novel 3D culture system is capable of long-term, cytokine- and serum-free expansion of haematopoietic cells from cord blood, enabling the study of haematopoiesis as well as facilitating the expansion of cells for future clinical applications. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Chen, Junyi, Xutao Ma, and Kevin J. Edgar. "A Versatile Method for Preparing Polysaccharide Conjugates via Thiol-Michael Addition." Polymers 13, no. 12 (June 8, 2021): 1905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13121905.
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Polysaccharide conjugates are important renewable materials. If properly designed, they may for example be able to carry drugs, be proactive (e.g., with amino acid substituents) and can carry a charge. These aspects can be particularly useful for biomedical applications. Herein, we report a simple approach to preparing polysaccharide conjugates. Thiol-Michael additions can be mild, modular, and efficient, making them useful tools for post-modification and the tailoring of polysaccharide architecture. In this study, hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) and dextran (Dex) were modified by methacrylation. The resulting polysaccharide, bearing α,β-unsaturated esters with tunable DS (methacrylate), was reacted with various thiols, including 2-thioethylamine, cysteine, and thiol functional quaternary ammonium salt through thiol-Michael addition, affording functionalized conjugates. This click-like synthetic approach provided several advantages including a fast reaction rate, high conversion, and the use of water as a solvent. Among these polysaccharide conjugates, the ones bearing quaternary ammonium salts exhibited competitive antimicrobial performance, as supported by a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) study and tracked by SEM characterization. Overall, this methodology provides a versatile route to polysaccharide conjugates with diverse functionalities, enabling applications such as antimicrobial activity, gene or drug delivery, and biomimicry.
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Terrier, Mathias, and Emmanuel. "BiomiMETRIC Assistance Tool: A Quantitative Performance Tool for Biomimetic Design." Biomimetics 4, no. 3 (July 10, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics4030049.
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: This article presents BiomiMETRIC, a quantitative performance tool for biomimetic design. This tool is developed as a complement to the standard ISO 18458 Biomimetics—terminology, concepts, and methodology to quantitatively evaluate the biomimetics performance of a design, a project, or a product. BiomiMETRIC is aimed to assist designers, architects, and engineers to facilitate the use of the biomimetic approach beyond the existing frameworks, and to provide an answer to the following question: How can a quantitative evaluation of biomimetic performance be carried out? The biomimetic quantitative performance tool provides a method of quantitative analysis by combining the biomimetic approach with the impact assessment methods used in life-cycle analysis. Biomimetic design is divided into eight steps. The seventh step deals with performance assessment, verifying that the concept developed is consistent with the 10 sustainable ecosystem principles proposed by the Biomimicry Institute. In the application of the biomimetic quantitative performance tool, stone wool and cork are compared as insulation materials used in biomimetic architecture projects to illustrate the relevance and added value of the tool. Although it is bio-based, cork has a lower biomimetic performance according to the indicators used by the biomimetic quantitative performance tool presented in this article.
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Al Athas, Syarifah Ismailiyah. "Optimization Study of Parametric Thermal Bimetal Material Module for Green Building in Tropical Humid Climate." Academic Research Community publication 3, no. 1 (February 7, 2019): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/archive.v3i1.445.
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The largest energy consumption that we use is the consumption of electrical energy in terms of meeting the lighting needs and building air conditioning requirements (World Energy Consumption, 2016). According to the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (2017), Indonesia’s largest energy use in commercial buildings is for flight systems (63%), lighting systems (20%), vertical transportation (7%) electronic devices (10%). The use of energy in the fulfillment of excessive needs result in worsening conditions on earth. Data can be a reflection of how the condition of the earth that we live at this time. Energy savings should be made to reduce the damage already occurring on this earth such as electricity usage savings, optimization of use of materials, the use of motor vehicles that cause air pollution, and others.
The way that can be used to reduce artificial energy use is to utilize the existing passive building design such as the use of solar energy that can be maximized during the day, so that the use of electrical energy for lamps and artificial air conditioning. reduced. In addition, it can also be considered the optimal use of wind direction and speed that can suppress the use of Air Conditioner (AC) in excess.
Building envelope with bimetal thermal material module application is part of kinetic architecture via biomimicry approach. Kinetic architecture is a concept where buildings are designed to allow parts of buildings to move without compromising the unity of the structural system. Approaches that can be applied in green building design is by optimizing bimetal material module that utilizes the thermal coefficient of a material. With this approach, building envelopes are improvised so that they can adapt to the existing environment. This research take location of case study in Kampung Juminahan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia which has characters of comunal housing.
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Tavsan, Cengiz, Filiz Tavsan, and Elif Sonmez. "Biomimicry in Architectural Design Education." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 182 (May 2015): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.832.
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Pambaguian, Laurent, Eleonie van Schreven, and Ilaria Roma. "Space Hardware Advanced Manufacturing Engineering: SHAME to miss out on a potential game changer?" Concurrent Engineering 26, no. 1 (February 12, 2018): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1063293x17751831.
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Advanced Manufacturing is widely used with features and applications playing a game changing role in our daily life. The European Space Agency has initiated in April 2016 a multi-disciplinary approach exploring the impact of infusing Advanced Manufacturing into space practices. A Concurrent Design Facility study was performed investigating potential design methodology amendments produced by introducing Advanced Manufacturing techniques into the design space. Innovative materials and processes were added to the conventional design parameters usually populating the systems design trade-spaces. This enabled multifunctional solutions, previously inconceivable, with a redefinition of interfaces and related requirements, shifted from ‘discipline’ boundaries to ‘units’ or ‘assembly’ boundaries. The Concurrent Design Facility Study identified the core domains of expertise required in a ‘Design for Advanced Manufacturing’ frame, governed by a flexible, open-minded systems engineering coordination. Early involvement of material and process engineers in the design proved to be an essential ingredient of the ‘Design for Advanced Manufacturing’ recipe. The design freedom brought by Advanced Manufacturing calls for unconventional design solutions, creativity becomes a need and infusion from non-space is invaluable. Biomimicry and architecture principles enriched the concurrent design environment, which proved to be very well suited with the needs and objectives of the new design methodology. This article reports the Concurrent Design Facility study conduct, as first attempt to understand Advanced Manufacturing impact on design methodology, the study cases selected for analysis, the observations on the methodology and on the interactions among the specialists in the team. The study outcome is reported, including an overview of benefits, disadvantages and points for further investigation in relation to the study cases assessed. In addition, the paper proposes recommendations for injecting Advanced Manufacturing into the project life cycle, from early design up to procurement phases and ultimately to the assembly, integration and verification phases, indicating required modelling tools, technologies and redefined engineering roles and expertise.
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Brito dos Santos, Susana, Mark C. Allenby, Athanasios Mantalaris, and Nicki Panoskaltsis. "Early Erythroid Development Is Enhanced with Hypoxia and Terminal Maturation with Normoxia in a 3D Ex Vivo Physiologic Eythropoiesis Model." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 2453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.2453.2453.
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Abstract Reproduction of dynamic physiologic erythropoiesis in vitro requires a three-dimensional (3D) architecture, erythroblast-macrophage interactions and cytokines such as erythropoietin (EPO). The role of oxygen concentration gradients in this process is unclear. We have created a 3D bone marrow (BM) biomimicry using collagen-coated polyurethane scaffolds (5mm3) to expand cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMNCs) in a cytokine-free environment for 28 days (D). Addition of EPO to this system induces mature erythropoiesis. We hypothesised that physiologic concentrations of cytokines - stem cell factor (SCF) / EPO - and a hypoxia (H)/normoxia (N) schedule to mimic BM oxygen gradients would enhance erythropoiesis. CBMNCs were seeded (4x106 cells/scaffold) in 3D serum-free cultures supplemented with 10ng/mL SCF (D0-D28), and 100mU/mL EPO (D7-D28), with medium exchange every 3D. Three conditions were compared: N (20%), H (5%) and 2-step oxygenation HN (H D0-D7 and N thereafter). Erythroid maturation was monitored weekly by flow cytometry (CD45/CD71/CD235a) both in situ (i.e., in scaffolds) and in supernatant (S/N) cells. D0-7 H was more efficient in early induction of CD235a in the absence of exogenous EPO (H 13% vs N 8% CD45loCD71+CD235alo cells, p<0.05). This maturation profile was also observed in D10 S/N cells, in which CD45loCD71+CD235a+ cells were proportionately more in H (30%) and HN (27%) than in N (16%, p<0.05). By D14, N and HN stimulated the appearance of CD45-CD71+CD235a+ cells, whereas H maintained the CD45loCD71+CD235a-/lo phenotype. By D21, a CD45-CD71+CD235a+ mature population was clearly distinguished in all conditions, most notably in N (16%) and HN (21%) vs H (9%). At D28, more mature CD45-CD71loCD235a+ cells were observed in normoxia conditions, N 3% and HN 4%, vs H 0.3%. A renewed population of erythroid progenitors was also evident at this time (H 62%, N 51% and HN 46% CD45loCD71lo/+CD235a- cells). In order to assess the impact of H and N on erythroid gene transcription, we evaluated erythroid signatures by qRT-PCR. GATA-1 expression was detected from D7, highest for H at D14 (p<0.05), and decreased thereafter. GATA-2 expression was up-regulated only at D28, in particular in N (p<0.05), and correlated with emerging erythroid progenitors identified at this stage. At D14, EPOR expression was maximal, especially in HN (p<0.05), simultaneous with high pSTAT5 levels, suggesting activation of EPOR signalling. Also at D14, H upregulated γ-globin (p<0.05). By Western Blot, only H and HN still produced γ-globin whereas β-globin expression was clearly detected in all conditions by D28. In situ production of cytokines was evaluated by cytometric bead array in the exhausted media. IL-6, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-1, TNF-α and IL-17 were detected at higher concentrations during the first 7 days, declining to undetectable thereafter. IL-21 was not detected at any point. IL-3 was detected from D13, with highest expression in H (p<0.05, D22). VEGF was also expressed after D7, highest in H (p<0.05, D16 & D19), concurrent with HIF-1α up-regulation observed at D7 and D14. TNF-α was produced with variable intensity from D4. These data suggested that D7-D14 was a crucial period for culture dynamics, in particular for H and HN, with up-regulation of erythroid transcription factors, EPOR signalling, and endogenous cytokine production. BFU-E and CFU-E also dominated the first 14 days of culture. Scanning electron microscopy at D17 and D25 revealed niche-like structures in situ, which expressed STRO-1, osteopontin and vimentin at D19 by confocal immunofluorescent microscopy, indicative of an endogenous stromal cell microenvironment. CD68+ cells were also detected at D19 in proximity to CD71+ cells suggesting formation of erythroblastic islands. In this 3D ex vivo biomimicry using near-physiologic cytokine and oxygen conditions, H induced initial erythroid commitment and established an early erythroid progenitor population. N was required at later maturational stages and enhanced the γ-globin to β-globin switch. We identified D7-D14 as a crucial timeframe in this system wherein endogenous cytokine production as well as up-regulation of GATA-1, EPOR and HIF-1α was observed. We propose that a combined HN schedule in this 3D BM biomimicy may enable a more robust and physiologic culture platform to study normal and abnormal erythroid differentiation. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Brito dos Santos, Susana, Mark Allenby, Athanasios Mantalaris, and Nicki Panoskaltsis. "Effect of Oxygen and 3D Microenvironment on Physiologic Erythropoiesis." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 3600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.3600.3600.
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Abstract Erythropoiesis is regulated by microenvironmental factors including bone marrow (BM) architecture, cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, growth factors, oxygen, etc. Traditional 2D hematopoietic cell cultures require high concentrations of exogenous cytokines and neglect BM architecture which favours formation of niches, including erythroblastic islands, wherein paracrine and autocrine communication occurs. Consequently, these 2D systems do not facilitate the study of erythropoiesis within a biomimetic hematopoietic microenvironment, are costly due to high concentrations of cytokines required, and not scalable. We have previously created a 3D BM biomimicry using porous collagen-coated polyurethane scaffolds for culture of human cord blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) in cytokine-free and serum-free conditions for 28 days. In addition, low concentration (200 mU/mL) of EPO was shown to enhance erythroid differentiation. We now extend our studies to evaluate the role of oxygen and the microenvironmental niches in supporting erythropoiesis. MNCs were isolated from cord blood and seeded into the 3D system (4x106 cells/scaffold). Serum-free cultures were supplemented with near physiologic concentrations of cytokines: 10 ng/mL SCF (D0-D28), and 100 mU/mL EPO (D7-D28), with medium exchange every 3 days. Three conditions were investigated: normoxia (20%), hypoxia (5%) and 2-step oxygenation (hypoxia from D0-D7 and normoxia thereafter). Proliferation was evaluated in the scaffolds in situ, of the cells released into the supernatant, and of cells extracted from scaffolds at different time-points. Maximum cell expansion was detected in situ at D14 under normoxic (1.6±0.3-fold) and 2-step oxygenation (1.8±0.3-fold) conditions (p<0.05), whereas in hypoxia no significant expansion was detected (0.9±0.2-fold). Erythroid cell maturation was monitored weekly by flow cytometry (CD45, CD71 & CD235a). Hypoxia stimulated faster upregulation of CD235a (34% in hypoxia vs 27% in normoxia of CD45low CD71+ CD235alow/+ cells at D7, which evolve to 34% in hypoxia and 11% in normoxia of CD45- CD71+ CD235a+ supernatant cells at D10, p<0.05). However, normoxia was beneficial for further differentiation (19% in hypoxia vs 41% in normoxia of CD45- CD71low/+ CD235a+ cells at D21, p<0.05). Using the 2-step oxygenation, we combined the early effect of hypoxia with the later effect of normoxia and observed a continuous increase of CD45- CD71low CD235a+ cells from D14-D28. At D28, both normoxia and hypoxia showed a renewed population of early erythroid progenitor cells (90% in hypoxia and 74% in normoxia of CD45low CD71low CD235a- cells) but little terminal maturation (6% of CD45- CD71low/+ CD235a+ cells in hypoxia and 4% in normoxia), whereas 2-step oxygenation displayed enhanced erythroid maturation and an early erythroid progenitor population (25% of CD45- CD71low/+ CD235a+ and 57% of CD45low CD71low CD235a- cells, p<0.05, fig.1), which may enable the continuous self-renewal of the culture. Clonogenic capacity of the extracted cells from the scaffolds was assessed weekly. BFU-E and CFU-E were predominantly present in the first 14 days (127±30 BFU-E in normoxia and 200±42 in hypoxia at D7, which progress to 58±19 CFU-E in normoxia and 22±7 in hypoxia at D14), confirming propensity towards erythroid lineage commitment and the critical time-period for erythropoiesis within the first 14-21 days. Cells positive for STRO-1, osteopontin and vimentin were identified in situ by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. CD68+ cells were also detected in proximity to CD71+ cells suggesting formation of erythroblastic islands. Niche-like structures were also observed in situ by scanning electron microscopy at D17 & D25, suggesting the creation of physiologic erythroid niches with the presence of stroma-like cells. SCF and EPO concentrations were measured using ELISA; EPO was detected at D4 in hypoxia (0.8±0.5 ng/mL) and D7 (2.7±0.7 ng/mL in normoxia; 3.0±0.5 ng/mL in hypoxia), prior to addition of EPO to the cultures suggesting endogenous production. From D4 to D7, consumption of SCF was 2.9±0.5 ng/mL in hypoxia; no consumption was detected in normoxia. The 3D BM biomimicry with near-physiologic oxygen and cytokine concentrations was suitable in reproducing physiologic erythropoiesis for further study. Early stage hypoxia with late stage normoxia enhanced and extended erythroid production. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Blanco, Eduardo, Estelle Cruz, Chloé Lequette, Kalina Raskin, and Philippe Clergeau. "Biomimicry in French Urban Projects: Trends and Perspectives from the Practice." Biomimetics 6, no. 2 (April 27, 2021): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics6020027.
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Biomimicry is a design framework with growing interests in sustainable architectural and urban design practice. Nevertheless, there is a significant lack of studies and knowledge regarding its practical application. In 2020, a French workgroup called Biomim’City Lab published a document identifying and describing 16 urban projects designed by French teams integrating biomimicry at various levels. Our research is an opportunistic study analyzing this data, aiming to identify trends and challenges in the French market. We analyzed the projects using a mixed-method approach, through quantitative typological analysis and qualitative narrative analysis. This sample of French projects indicates a trend of increasing interest in biomimicry on built space projects in France. Biomimicry was primarily applied at the façade/roof/soil systems, mostly using macroscopic models as ecosystems, plants, and animals. Designers declared to aim diverse objectives with the biomimetic approach; still, thermal comfort is the most recurrent in the sample. We also identified that challenges remain to foster the field application, as the lack of awareness of the urban fabric stakeholders on the topic and the gaps between research and design practice.
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Hendarti, Religiana, and Yosica Mariana. "A Biomimicry Approach on an Architectural Design and Planning Case Study: The Application of Photovoltaic and Green Roof Technologies." Applied Mechanics and Materials 747 (March 2015): 333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.747.333.
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This paper presents the study of the integration of Photovoltaic (PV) module and green roof on a building. Essentially, this integration could be considered as an extend understanding of a concept, namely “Biomimicry”. Biomimicry, in brief, is an approach that mimics the philosophy of flora, fauna or entire ecosystems and these are emulated as a basis for design. The implementation of this approach in this project is to utilize photovoltaic and green roof as a part of a building in terms of imitating the plant biological activity. To accommodate the process of that implementation, a simulation study was conducted by using software called “EnergyPlus”. The simulation focused on investigating heat transfer over those two technologies. The deliverables of this study are the electricity production and the surface temperature reduction. A comparison study on energy transfer is also presented here to illustrate the application of the biomimicry concept on an architectural design.
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Sarwate, Parag L., and Akshay P. Patil. "The Incorporation of Biomimicry into an Architectural Design Process: A New Approach towards Sustainability of Built Environment." Bonfring International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management Science 6, no. 1 (February 29, 2016): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/bijiems.10443.
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Shahda, Merhan, Ashraf Elmokadem, and Mostafa Abd Elhafeez. "Framework to Support Architectural Sustainability using Biomimicry (The Second Level." Port-Said Engineering Research Journal 18, no. 2 (September 1, 2014): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/pserj.2014.45297.
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Wang, Lei, Shidong Song, Jan Hest, Loai K. E. A. Abdelmohsen, Xin Huang, and Samuel Sánchez. "Biomimicry of Cellular Motility and Communication Based on Synthetic Soft‐Architectures." Small 16, no. 27 (April 6, 2020): 1907680. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201907680.
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Brito Dos Santos, Susana, Athanasios Mantalaris, and Nicki Panoskaltsis. "Establishment of a Spontaneous Stromal Microenvironment from Cord Blood Supports Human Dynamic Erythropoietic Temporal Maturation in Long-Term Serum- and Cytokine-Free 3D Cultures and Reveals a Distinct CD44hi Population." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 2219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-131085.
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Dynamic cultures which can represent physiologic erythropoiesis in vitro require a three-dimensional (3D) architecture with a supportive microenvironment and addition of erythropoietin (EPO). We have previously reported on a 3D bone marrow (BM) biomimicry using polyurethane scaffolds to expand cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMNCs) in a serum- and cytokine-free environment, without addition of dexamethasone, for 28 days (D). CBMNCs were seeded (4x106 cells/scaffold), supplemented with 10ng/mL stem cell factor (SCF; D0-D28) and 100mU/mL EPO (D7-D28), with medium exchange every 3D and exposed to a hypoxia (5%)/normoxia (20%) schedule to mimic BM oxygen gradients. Hypoxia induced rapid erythroid commitment and established an early erythroid progenitor population in the absence of EPO. Normoxia and EPO was required at later maturational stages and enhanced the γ-globin to β-globin switch. We identified D7-D14 as crucial for endogenous cytokine production. Herein, we extended cultures to D48 using two high-dose EPO-stimulation cycles (1U/mL; D20 and D44) to enhance erythropoiesis and further define the microenvironment. Proliferation was higher after EPO pulses (p<0.05) but did not result in enhanced erythropoiesis, suggesting the absence of erythroid precursors. An allogeneic CB unit was added to "recharge" the cultured scaffolds at D39 and a new cycle of erythropoietic differentiation was initiated. Cell proliferation was 4.5-fold higher at D68, compared with that at D28. From D53-D68, CD71+CD235a+ cells were constantly produced (25-54%), corresponding with the presence of erythroid precursors supporting CFU-E and BFU-E. Erythroblastic islands were identified and maturing and enucleated reticulocytes/RBCs were abundant (19±2%; 1±0.3x106 cells) with expression of γ- and β-globin, band 3 and 4.1R RBC membrane proteins. To further evaluate the relative contributions of each CB unit to the "recharge" culture, seeded scaffolds were subjected to irradiation (or not) 48h prior to recharge. By D65, >30% of supernatant cells were CD71+/modCD235a+ and supported BFU-E and CFU-E. Proliferation in long-term cultures was attributed to the second CB unit, regardless of irradiation, as shown by HLA-typing of D68 cells; the first CBMNCs only contributed to establishment of the microenvironment. To further characterize erythroid differentiation dynamics, expression of CD44 vs CD235a was used to identify and sort three erythroid populations. Progenitors in CD44-/modCD235a- populations evolved to CD44modCD235amod, and then to CD44-/modCD235a+ cells, which constitute the most mature erythroid phenotype; CD44modCD235amod erythroid precursors supported mainly BFU-E and CFU-E. A unique CD44hiCD71mod population increased during culture, displayed myeloid progenitor morphology and only supported CFU-GM. This population did not express CD34, CD33 or CD14 but expressed c-KIT, which suggests a hematopoietic population that provides essential culture support. Further characterization of the spontaneously created microenvironment by in situ quantitative analysis of scaffold mid-sections during the 68-day culture showed varying and high dynamic expression of Nestin, STRO-1, CD146, CD68 and CD169 in separate cell populations as well as expression of RUNX2 and Osx. Osteopontin was not detected. In summary, a BM biomimicry composed of diverse stromal populations was spontaneously created in the 3D in vitro scaffold system. This microenvironment proved to effectively induce and sustain erythropoiesis to enucleation to at least D68 when supplied with a second source of CBMNCs, without addition of stroma-specific factors. A unique CD44hi immature monocyte/macrophage population was identified, which contributes to the inductive microenvironment, and distinct stages of human erythroid maturation could be identified using CD44 and CD235a. This work presents a novel and dynamic ex vivo model that can (1) recapitulate physiologic human erythropoiesis in steady-state and stress conditions, (2) capture the fetal to adult hemoglobin transition, (3) explore the direct role of oxygen on erythropoiesis, (4) assess the microenvironment relevant to erythropoiesis in the absence of serum and exogenous factors, (5) sustain long-term erythropoiesis with terminal maturation and, (6) explore the different stromal niche environments spontaneously created for the support of erythropoiesis. Disclosures Brito Dos Santos: GE Healthcare: Employment.
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Grieze, Elīna, and Elīna Miķelsone. "Biomimicry element application in the interior design product development." Economics. Ecology. Socium 5, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2021.5.2-7.
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Introduction. Environmental issues have different social and economic causes. The demand on natural raw materials has led to the disappearance of different animal species, yet human waste is one of the most important elements of global and local pollution. According to the results of the survey, 56% of those surveyed in Latvia have recognised that they prefer to choose those brands that are in favour of a clean environment. Sustainability and environmentally friendly farming are becoming more and more wide spread and topical, so the authors want to explore whether biomimicry used in a product development, increases the opportunities for more sustainable products.
Aim and tasks. The main aim of this research is to create a framework for using biomimicry to manufacture new interior design products. The interior design project is needed to improve the quality of life in a society. The intention for this research is to help to develop the quality of long-term solutions for the society's daily life in accordance with nature. An interior design, which is created close to natural processes using all possibly available materials and products on the basis of biomimicry methods.
Results. This article explores the ways in which biomimicry techniques, based on the Design Spiral and Janine Benyus Biomimicry Design Lens Principles of Life, can be combined with the design process of an interior design, thereby to create a framework with the help of which a designer works and creates a sustainable interior design. The interior design is a complex process, it is more than just the location of objects in a room or just a decorative supplement that covers the structure of a building, it is a necessary dimension that actually transforms a simple architectural space into a habitable place with a desired order, stability, and individuality.
Conclusions. The article proposes a basis for the application of biomimicry in the development of an interior design product. The main difference between an interior design and the methodology of biomimicry is that in an interior design process the main question needs to be biologized from “What do I want to create?” to ”What do I want to achieve with my design?”. Also, in an interior design process there are phases to follow to create a design, like there are phases to create in biomimicry based products or processes. The most important points in the creation of the framework are the milestones at which the process of designing interior design should begin to be biologized. Changing the order of the Design Spiral phases and adjusting it to the designing points of an interior design, a system can be created in which all stages of the Design Spiral are connected with the interior design process.Milestones show the progress of a project where each milestone has the actions or activities to be performed, respectively.
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Huang, Rongkang, Luoran Shang, and Yuanjin Zhao. "Biomimic organ architectures and functions by assembling organoid models." Science Bulletin 66, no. 9 (May 2021): 862–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2021.02.008.
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N. Charkas, Marwa. "TOWARDS ENVIRONMENTALLY RESPONSIVE ARCHITECTURE: A FRAMEWORK FOR BIOMIMIC DESIGN OF BUILDING’S SKIN." JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences 47, no. 3 (May 1, 2019): 371–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2019.115486.
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Imani, Negin, and Brenda Vale. "The Development of a Biomimetic Design Tool for Building Energy Efficiency." Biomimetics 5, no. 4 (October 12, 2020): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics5040050.
Full textAbstract:
The initial aim of the research was to develop a framework that would enable architects to look for thermoregulation methods in nature as inspiration for designing energy efficient buildings. The thermo-bio-architectural framework (ThBA) assumes designers will start with a thermal challenge in a building and then look in a systematic way for how this same issue is solved in nature. The tool is thus a contribution to architectural biomimicry in the field of building energy use. Since the ThBA was created by an architect, it was essential that the biology side of this cross-disciplinary tool was validated by experts in biology. This article describes the focus group that was conducted to assess the quality, inclusiveness, and applicability of the framework and why a focus group was selected over other possible methods such as surveys or interviews. The article first provides a brief explanation of the development of the ThBA. Given the focus here is on its validation, the qualitative data collection procedures and analysis results produced by NVivo 12 plus through thematic coding are described in detail. The results showed the ThBA was effective in bridging the two fields based on the existing thermal challenges in buildings, and was comprehensive in terms of generalising biological thermal adaptation strategies.