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1

Göen, Thomas. "Fehlerquellen und Qualitätssicherung beim Biomonitoring gemäß ArbMedVV." ASU Arbeitsmedizin Sozialmedizin Umweltmedizin 2024, no. 02 (2024): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17147/asu-1-335673.

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Biomonitoring ist integraler Bestandteil der arbeitsmedizinischen Vorsorge bei potenziellen Gefahrstoffexpositionen. Die Ergebnisse können zu wichtigen Schlussfolgerungen hinsichtlich des Gesundheitsrisikos der einzelnen Beschäftigten oder der Gefährdungsbeurteilung führen. Der Vermeidung von Fehlern und Mängeln beziehungsweise der Sicherung der Qualität kommt daher im gesamten Workflow des Biomonitorings eine fundamentale Bedeutung zu.
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2

Lange, Clifford R., and Karl E. Lambert. "Biomonitoring." Water Environment Research 67, no. 4 (1995): 738–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/106143095x135976.

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3

Lange, Clifford R., Stefanie R. Scott, and Margaret Tanner. "Biomonitoring." Water Environment Research 68, no. 4 (1996): 801–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/106143096x135678.

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4

Lange, Clifford R., and Stefanie R. Lange. "Biomonitoring." Water Environment Research 69, no. 4 (1997): 900–915. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/106143097x135118.

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5

Herkimer, Michael, David Kinnear, Paul Krauth, et al. "Biomonitoring." Water Environment Research 70, no. 4 (1998): 954–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/106143098x134578.

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6

Willems, Jolanda, Rik Menting, Hester Dekker, and Frank Brekelmans. "Biomonitoring." TBV – Tijdschrift voor Bedrijfs- en Verzekeringsgeneeskunde 27, no. 1 (2018): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12498-018-0322-6.

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7

Isom, Billy G. "Biomonitoring." Water Environment Research 64, no. 4 (1992): 653–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1554-7531.1992.tb00048.x.

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8

Isom, Billy G. "Biomonitoring." Water Environment Research 65, no. 4 (1993): 596–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1554-7531.1993.tb00088.x.

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9

Lange, Clifford R., and Karl E. Lambert. "Biomonitoring." Water Environment Research 66, no. 4 (1994): 642–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1554-7531.1994.tb00129.x.

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10

Göen, T., K. H. Schaller, J. Angerer, et al. "Scientific Guidelines for Occupational Medicine “Biomonitoring”." ASU International 2014, no. 06 (2014): 452–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17147/asui.2014-06-10-01.

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11

Paradiž, Jasna. "Biomonitoring rastlin in okolja za trajnostno izvajanje varstva narave." Journal for Geography 6, no. 2 (2011): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/rg.6.2.3851.

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Tekom desetletnega biomonitoringa rastlin na Ljubljanskem barju smo preučili populacijsko dinamiko pri vrsti Fritillaria meleagris in Solidago canadensis. Izvedli smo tudi bioteste za oceno ogroženosti mokriščnih rastlin zaradi onesnaževanja okolja. Podatki s topografskih kart so pokazali zmanjšanje gostote populacij ogrožene vrste F. meleagris na opazovanih mestih, medtem ko se je razširjenost S. canadensis povečala na celem območju. Na osnovi rezultatov citogenetske analize različnih vrst je ugotovljena povečana stopnja genotoksične ogroženosti rastlin na Ljubljanskem barju v primerjavi z dr
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12

de Mello, Kaline, Ricardo Hideo Taniwaki, Diego Rodrigues Macedo, Cecília Gontijo Leal, and Timothy O. Randhir. "Biomonitoring for Watershed Protection from a Multiscale Land-Use Perspective." Diversity 15, no. 5 (2023): 636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15050636.

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The types and intensification of land use in the watershed affect the living organisms in aquatic ecosystems differently; this impact will also vary according to temporal and spatial scales. Understanding these interactions is crucial in the design of biomonitoring programs to detect the effect of different pollutants in freshwater ecosystems and improve watershed management and conservation strategies. Therefore, this paper qualitatively reviews biomonitoring studies in freshwater ecosystems to evaluate the impact of different land use types on multiple scales in watersheds. The paper is orga
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13

Jeddi, Maryam Zare, Nancy Hopf, Karen Galea, et al. "207d - Human biomonitoring in practice: Minimum information requirement for human biomonitoring studies in occupational settings." Annals of Work Exposures and Health 68, Supplement_1 (2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxae035.153.

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Abstract Occupational biomonitoring plays a pivotal role in the assessment and management of chemical workplace exposures. It provides a direct measure of workers’ internal dose of chemicals, integrating all sources and routes of exposure. Biomonitoring can bridge the gap between potential exposure scenarios and real-world implications for worker health. Nevertheless, the practical effectiveness of biomonitoring programs relies on the assurance of data quality, comparability, and practical application of the findings to improve occupational health standards. The ISES Europe Human Biomonitoring
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14

Hays, S., and L. Aylward. "Biomonitoring equivalents." Toxicology Letters 205 (August 2011): S12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.048.

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15

Drexler, Hans, and Wobbeke Weistenhöfer. "Bewertung von Biomonitoring-Befunden – Evaluation of Biomonitoring Findings." ASU Arbeitsmedizin Sozialmedizin Umweltmedizin 2024, no. 02 (2024): 79–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17147/asu-1-335675.

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Das arbeitsmedizinische Biomonitoring ist ein fachspezifisches Instrument der Fachärztinnen und -ärzte für Arbeitsmedizin und der Ärztinnen und Ärzte mit der Zusatzbezeichnung Betriebsmedizin. Neben der Indikationsstellung und der Probenahme erfordert insbesondere die Befundung fachärztliches Wissen. Diese setzt die Kenntnis der Toxikologie des Arbeitsstoffes und den sicheren Umgang mit den Werten zur Beurteilung, die jeweils herangezogen werden müssen, voraus.
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16

Gomes, Leonardo Fernandes, Hasley Rodrigo Pereira, Hugo De Oliveira Barbosa, Carla Albuquerque De Souza, and Ludgero Cardoso Galli Vieira. "Biomonitoring in Limnic Environments: A Scientometric Approach." Fronteiras: Journal of Social, Technological and Environmental Science 9, no. 2 (2020): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21664/2238-8869.2020v9i2.p53-67.

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In the face of increasing human impacts, biomonitoring emerges as an approach to evaluate the status of these ecosystems. Our purpose was to evaluate the publications on biomonitoring in limnic environments and to answer the following questions: (i) What are the approaches in biomonitoring studies around the world? (ii) Are the countries' human development index (HDI) and the available water volume capable to influence publications on biomonitoring? (iii) How are distributed biomonitoring publications by biological groups (e.g., fish, plants, phytoplankton, zooplankton, periphyton, insects) an
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17

Aylward, L. L., and S. M. Hays. "Interpreting biomonitoring data for 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid: Update to Biomonitoring Equivalents and population biomonitoring data." Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 73, no. 3 (2015): 765–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.11.001.

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18

Koch, Holger M., and Antonia M. Calafat. "Human body burdens of chemicals used in plastic manufacture." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, no. 1526 (2009): 2063–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0208.

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In the last decades, the availability of sophisticated analytical chemistry techniques has facilitated measuring trace levels of multiple environmental chemicals in human biological matrices (i.e. biomonitoring) with a high degree of accuracy and precision. As biomonitoring data have become readily available, interest in their interpretation has increased. We present an overview on the use of biomonitoring in exposure and risk assessment using phthalates and bisphenol A as examples of chemicals used in the manufacture of plastic goods. We present and review the most relevant research on biomar
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19

Černá, Milena. "Human biomonitoring and its international significance." Hygiena 65, no. 3 (2020): 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21101/hygiena.a1767.

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20

Darmawan, Edwin. "Scientific Misconduct in Biomonitoring Measurement of Workers Exposed to Chemical Hazard and Impact in Workplace Policy." Indonesian Journal of Community and Occupational Medicine 4, no. 2 (2024): 71–5. https://doi.org/10.53773/ijcom.v4i2.145.71-5.

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Background: Scientific integrity is a cornerstone for ensuring reliable outcomes in toxicology and environmental health, particularly in biomonitoring practices used to assess chemical exposure among workers. Despite advancements in analytical methods, inconsistencies in data collection and interpretation can lead to flawed conclusions, impacting health assessments and regulatory policies. Ethical challenges, such as data manipulation and selective reporting, undermine public trust and jeopardize worker safety.Methods: This study conducted by literature review in October 2024 using Google Scho
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21

Borgert, Christopher J. "Understanding human biomonitoring." Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 43, no. 2 (2005): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2005.07.004.

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22

Nentwich, Kathrin, and Martin Paulus. "Biomonitoring mit Stadttaubeneiern." Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung 11, no. 5 (1999): 281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03038001.

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23

Rossbach, Matthias, Peter Ostapczuk, Johann Dietrich Schladot, and Hendrik Emons. "Biomonitoring und Umweltprobenbank." Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung 7, no. 6 (1995): 365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03039239.

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24

Koch, H. M. "Biomonitoring von Weichmachern." Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie 66, no. 5 (2016): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40664-016-0110-z.

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25

Jeffrey, D. W. "Biomonitoring of catastrophes." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 14, no. 2-3 (1990): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00677913.

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26

Debus, R., and Brigitte Dittrich. "Biomonitoring organischer Luftschadstoffe." Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung 1, no. 4 (1989): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02936889.

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27

Paulus, Martin, Roland Klein, Markus Zimmer, Jürgen Jacob, and Matthias Rossbach. "Biomonitoring und Umweltprobenbank." Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung 7, no. 4 (1995): 236–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02937534.

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28

Markert, Bernd. "Biomonitoring—Quo Vadis." Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung 6, no. 3 (1994): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02937693.

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29

Mitz, Stephen V., and John P. Giesy. "Sewage effluent biomonitoring." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 10, no. 1 (1985): 22–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0147-6513(85)90004-1.

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30

Mitz, Stephen V., and John P. Giesy. "Sewage effluent biomonitoring." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 10, no. 1 (1985): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0147-6513(85)90005-3.

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31

Needham, Larry L. "Introduction to biomonitoring." Journal of Chemical Health and Safety 15, no. 6 (2008): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchas.2008.06.002.

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32

Klein, Roland, Joachim Krotten, Lothar Marthaler, Christoph Sinnewe, and Jürgen Dittmann. "Biomonitoring und Umweltprobenbank." Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung 7, no. 2 (1995): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02938779.

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33

Crézé, Camille, Marjorie François, Nancy B. Hopf, et al. "Producers of Engineered Nanomaterials—What Motivates Company and Worker Participation in Biomonitoring Programs?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8 (2021): 3851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18083851.

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Production and handling of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) can yield worker exposure to these materials with the potential for unforeseen negative health effects. Biomonitoring enables regular exposure and health assessment and an effective risk management. We aimed to identify factors influencing biomonitoring acceptance according to hierarchical positions of ENM producers. Managers and workers were invited to complete an online questionnaire. Forty-three companies producing or handling ENMs such as titanium dioxide (61%) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (44%) participated. The majority of m
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34

Brondeau, M.-T., A. Hesbert, C. Beausoleil, and O. Schneider. "To what extent are biomonitoring data available in chemical risk assessment?" Human & Experimental Toxicology 18, no. 5 (1999): 322–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/096032799678840147.

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1 Chemical risk assessment integrates the identification of hazards and the human exposure levels which can be established from external and/or internal exposure data. 2 The availability of biomonitoring and metabolism animal data, the skin penetration ability, and the existence of atmospheric threshold limit values were examined for twelve substances of the European first list of priority existing substances. This investigation was focused on workplace exposures and on urinary biomarkers of exposure. Appropriate biomonitoring data appeared to be available for two substances: styrene and trich
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35

Orlov, O. "BRYOPHYTA AS ТЕST-ОBJECTS OF BRYOGEOCHEMICAL INDICATION OF ATMOSPHERIC FALLOUTS OF HEAVY METALS AND RADIONUCLIDES IN THE ENVIRONMENT OF EUROPE. АNALYTICAL REVIEW". Geochemistry of Technogenesis 5, № 33 (2021): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/geotech2021.33.055.

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The review presents the analysis of publications dedicated to problems of using of Bryobionta representatives for bryogeochemical indication and biomonitoring of heavy metals and radionuclides in the environment. Taxonomic structure of Bryobionta is briefly observed, three divisions of Bryobionta are elucidated – Anthocerotophyta, Marchantiophyta and Bryophyta. It is concluded that the most suitable moss species for biomonitoring of heavy metals and radionuclides are representatives from division Bryophyta, such as Hylocomium splendens, Pleurozium schreberi, Hypnum cupressiforme, Scleropodium
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Słonina, Nikola, Paweł Świsłowski, and Małgorzata Rajfur. "Passive and Active Biomonitoring of Atmospheric Aerosol with the Use of Mosses." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 28, no. 2 (2021): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eces-2021-0012.

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Abstract The aim of the carried out research was passive and active biomonitoring of woodlands in the Opole province. Pleurozium schreberi mosses were used during the research, in which the following heavy metals concentrations were determined: Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb. Concentrations were determined with absorption atomic spectrometry (AAS). On the basis of the carried out research, concentrations of heavy metals in moss samples used in the passive and active biomonitoring methods were compared. The obtained results indicate that Pleurozium schreberi mosses can be successfully used in bo
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37

Baptista, Catarina Jota, Fernanda Seixas, José M. Gonzalo-Orden, and Paula A. Oliveira. "How to Design a Biomonitoring Study – A Practical Guide for Veterinary Professionals under a One Health Approach." World's Veterinary Journal 14, no. 3 (2024): 461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.54203/scil.2024.wvj53.

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Currently, veterinarians can see their daily practice and medical tasks as constant opportunities for passive surveillance of One Health threats, such as infectious zoonotic diseases and chemical pollution effects on living beings. The present study aimed to provide a practical guide to designing a biomonitoring study during veterinary clinical practice without time-consuming procedures or significant costs. The constant access to several species' specimens provides the necessary samples to perform a biomonitoring study of environmental pollutants at the regional or national level. Generally,
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38

Uhl, Maria, Ricardo R. Santos, Joana Costa, et al. "Chemical Exposure: European Citizens’ Perspectives, Trust, and Concerns on Human Biomonitoring Initiatives, Information Needs, and Scientific Results." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (2021): 1532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041532.

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Over the last few decades, citizen awareness and perception of chemical products has been a topic of interest, particularly concerning national and international policy decision makers, expert/scientific platforms, and the European Union itself. To date, few qualitative studies on human biomonitoring have analysed communication materials, made recommendations in terms of biomonitoring surveillance, or asked for feedback in terms of specific biomonitoring methods. This paper provides in-depth insight on citizens’ perceptions of knowledge of biomonitoring, impact of chemical exposure on daily li
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Maitland, Victoria Carley, Chloe Victoria Robinson, Teresita M. Porter, and Mehrdad Hajibabaei. "Freshwater diatom biomonitoring through benthic kick-net metabarcoding." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (2020): e0242143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242143.

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Biomonitoring is an essential tool for assessing ecological conditions and informing management strategies. The application of DNA metabarcoding and high throughput sequencing has improved data quantity and resolution for biomonitoring of taxa such as macroinvertebrates, yet, there remains the need to optimise these methods for other taxonomic groups. Diatoms have a longstanding history in freshwater biomonitoring as bioindicators of water quality status. However, multi-substrate periphyton collection, a common diatom sampling practice, is time-consuming and thus costly in terms of labour. Thi
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40

Stapper, N. J., and U. Windisch. "Biomonitoring des Klimawandels mit Flechten/Biomonitoring of climate change with lichens." Gefahrstoffe 80, no. 03 (2020): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/0949-8036-2020-03-23.

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Die Flechtenkartierungsrichtlinie VDI 3957 Blatt 20 zur Erfassung von lokalen Wirkungen des Klimawandels spezifiziert 45 epiphytische Flechtenarten als „Klimawandelzeiger“ für Deutschland. Die meisten dieser Flechten waren bisher in Deutschland, sofern sie hier überhaupt vorkamen, sehr selten und eher auf den Westen oder Südwesten begrenzt. Als Messwert wird der Klimawandelzeiger-Index (KWI) bestimmt. Er ist definiert als die mittlere Anzahl von Klimawandelzeigern auf ausgewählten Trägerbäumen im Untersuchungsgebiet in zeitlich aufeinander folgenden Untersuchungen. Sofern die epiphytischen Fle
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41

Lamkarkach, Farida, Matthieu Meslin, Marike Kolossa-Gehring, Petra Apel, and Robert Garnier. "Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU): Human Biomonitoring Guidance Values Derived for Dimethylformamide." Toxics 10, no. 6 (2022): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10060298.

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Within the European Joint Program on Human Biomonitoring HBM4EU, human biomonitoring guidance values (HBM-GVs) for the general population (HBM-GVGenPop) or for occupationally exposed adults (HBM-GVWorker) are derived for prioritized substances including dimethylformamide (DMF). The methodology to derive these values that was agreed upon within the HBM4EU project was applied. A large database on DMF exposure from studies conducted at workplaces provided dose–response relationships between biomarker concentrations and health effects. The hepatotoxicity of DMF has been identified as having the mo
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42

Kallio, A. "Results of biomonitoring analyses in Biomonitoring Laboratory, Helsinki, Finland in 1997." Toxicology Letters 108, no. 2-3 (1999): 249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(99)00096-x.

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43

Pînzaru, Iurie, Vladimir Bernic, and Vladimir Bebih. "HUMAN BIOMONITORING AS ONE OF THE MAIN METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF OCCUPATIONAL CHEMICAL FACTORS ON REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH." Arta Medica 93, no. 4 (2024): 33–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14549392.

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<strong>Objective. </strong>Justification of the feasibility of using human biomonitoring as one of the main methods for assessing the impact of occupational chemical factors on reproductive health. <strong>Methods. </strong>An analysis of information from the National Bureau of Statistics on medical and demographic processes in the Republic of Moldova, as well as data from the National Public Health Agency on risk factors in the workplace, was conducted. A review of scientific literature on the effects of occupational hazards on the reproductive health of workers and the assessment of the imp
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44

Canning, Adam D. "Predicting New Zealand riverine fish reference assemblages." PeerJ 6 (May 28, 2018): e4890. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4890.

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Biomonitoring is a common method to monitor environmental change in river ecosystems, a key advantage of biomonitoring over snap-shot physicochemical monitoring is that it provides a more stable, long-term insight into change that is also effects-based. In New Zealand, the main biomonitoring method is a macroinvertebrate sensitivity scoring index, with little established methods available for biomonitoring of fish. This study models the contemporary distribution of common freshwater fish and then uses those models to predict freshwater fish assemblages for each river reach under reference cond
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45

Giordani, Paolo. "Lichen Diversity and Biomonitoring: A Special Issue." Diversity 11, no. 9 (2019): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11090171.

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Lichens are symbiotic organisms susceptible to environmental alteration due to their morphological and physiological features. For this reason, researchers and decision-makers are extensively using lichen biomonitoring for assessing the effects of various anthropogenic disturbances. The Special Issue was launched to fulfil some knowledge gaps in this field, such as the development of procedures to interpret and compare results. The SI includes three reviews that explore the application of lichen biomonitoring for detecting the effects of climate change. Three articles and one review paper exam
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46

Moreira, Andreia, Joana Guedes, and Manuela Vieira da Silva. "New Methodologies and Techniques for Biomonitoring Pesticide Exposure in Agricultural Workers: A Systematic Review." Toxics 13, no. 2 (2025): 104. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13020104.

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Biomonitoring allows for the assessment of internal exposure to various pesticides and metabolites. Following PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review aims to summarise innovative biomonitoring techniques for assessing pesticide exposure in agricultural workers, their advantages and limitations, and their applicability. The search of the Medline/PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science databases identified 14 articles dealing with new techniques for biomonitoring pesticide exposure in agricultural workers. These new methodologies have identified several biomarkers associated with exp
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Wäber, Monica, Frank Pompe, Katharina Ingelfinger, Ralf Hofmann, and Eric Theis. "Wie Biomonitoring an einer Sonderabfalldeponie eine Umweltauswirkung festgestellt hat und dadurch Umweltschäden vermieden wurden/How Biomonitoring at a Hazardous Waste Landfill Detected Environmental Impact and Avoided Damage to the Environment." Gefahrstoffe 84, no. 05-06 (2024): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/0949-8036-2024-05-06-7.

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Routinemäßig wurden an der Sonderabfalldeponie Billigheim mit aktivem Biomonitoring seit Jahren unauffällige und niedrige Immissionswirkungen festgestellt. Im Spätsommer 2022 wurden plötzlich hohe, zum Teil über dem Futtermittelhöchstgehalt liegende Quecksilbergehalte in den Bioindikatoren beobachtet. Durch sofort eingeleitete Maßnahmen unter Beobachtung mit Biomonitoring-Sonderuntersuchungen konnte rasch ein Überblick über die Umweltbelastungen gewonnen und es konnten Gefährdungen von Menschen und Umwelt ausgeschlossen werden. Das vorsorglich durchgeführte Monitoring ersparte somit hohe Folge
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48

Shilov, Viktor V., O. L. Markova, and A. V. Kuznetsov. "BIOMONITORING OF INFLUENCE OF HARMFUL CHEMICALS ON THE BASIS OF THE MODERN BIOMARKERS. LITERATURE REVIEW." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 6 (2019): 591–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-6-591-596.

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Health risk assessment for the general population and industrial workers is most commonly based on analysis related to the determination of harmful chemicals in environmental objects (air, water, soil, food). An increasing number of experts have recently been inclined to believe an approach to give no an idea of the total amount of chemical pollutants actually entering the human body, and another approach based on the biomonitoring procedure has been suggested. The aim of the work was to systematize current concepts about the classification of biomarkers, their toxicological and hygienic chara
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Rakete, Stefan, and Stephan Böse-O’Reilly. "SS08-03 CHANCES AND LIMITATIONS OF IMPLEMENTING MICROSAMPLING-ASSISTED BIOMONITORING METHODS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF TOXIC METAL EXPOSURE RELATED TO INDUSTRIAL AND SMALL-SCALE MINING." Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0088.

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Abstract Introduction Exposure to toxic metals, e.g. cadmium, mercury and lead, is very common due to mining activities. These metals can be either liberated from the soil, produced as a main or by-products of processing, or are used as an extraction agent. The exposure to toxic metals is associated with many adverse health effects including cancer and neurological diseases. Monitoring of toxic metal levels in biological matrices such as blood is one of the key elements for exposure assessment. The disadvantages of generally used venous blood samples are the relatively high costs due to medica
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Becker, Richard A., Sean M. Hays, Steven Robison, and Lesa L. Aylward. "Development of Screening Tools for the Interpretation of Chemical Biomonitoring Data." Journal of Toxicology 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/941082.

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Evaluation of a larger number of chemicals in commerce from the perspective of potential human health risk has become a focus of attention in North America and Europe. Screening-level chemical risk assessment evaluations consider both exposure and hazard. Exposures are increasingly being evaluated through biomonitoring studies in humans. Interpreting human biomonitoring results requires comparison to toxicity guidance values. However, conventional chemical-specific risk assessments result in identification of toxicity-based exposure guidance values such as tolerable daily intakes (TDIs) as app
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