Relevant bibliographies by topics / Biopiracy

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Biopiracy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Biopiracy"

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Kim, Jinyup. "Tackling biopiracy in Southeast Asia: the need for a legally binding regional instrument." Asia Pacific Journal of Environmental Law 23, no. 1 (May 15, 2020): 74–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/apjel.2020.01.03.

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Biopiracy, largely defined as misappropriation of biological resources and associated traditional knowledge, has occurred all around the world. Southeast Asia, one of the world's biodiversity hotspots, has been a victim of biopiracy in a number of cases across the region. Despite the high occurrence of the exploitation of resources, the region has not responded to the problem of biopiracy adequately. One of the most important reasons for this lack of response to biopiracy is the absence of a legally binding regional instrument(s). However, considering that (i) biopiracy does not respect national borders, (ii) most of the Southeast Asian states have ratified the Nagoya Protocol to the Convention on Biological Diversity, and (iii) soft law instruments adopted so far have failed to tackle biopiracy, this article argues that a legally binding regional regime should be established to tackle biopiracy in a consistent manner. Following an analysis of a number of biopiracy cases in the region, this article discusses why a legally binding instrument(s) is necessary. It suggests how to improve the current regional instruments pertaining to access and benefit sharing in relation to biological resources and associated traditional knowledge, based on the analysis of instruments adopted to tackle biopiracy in other regions.
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Elliott, Paul. "Confronting biopiracy." Journal of Biological Education 45, no. 3 (September 2011): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00219266.2011.589464.

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Isaac, Grant E., and William A. Kerr. "Bioprospecting or Biopiracy?" Journal of World Intellectual Property 7, no. 1 (November 1, 2005): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1796.2004.tb00257.x.

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Fenwick, Simon. "Bioprospecting or biopiracy?" Drug Discovery Today 3, no. 9 (September 1998): 399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6446(98)01221-5.

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Bhattacharya, Sayan. "Bioprospecting, Biopiracy and Food Security in India: The Emerging Sides of Neoliberalism." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 23 (March 2014): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.23.49.

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Biopirates benefited and prospered from the plundering of natural resources from the developing and less developed countries without paying any royalty to the source countries at all. In the recent past, there have been several cases of biopiracy of traditional knowledge from India. Biopiracy in India was observed in the common plant varieties like Haldi, Basmati, Neem etc. Some cases have been highlighted with a success story, but there are also numerous stories of deprivation in the context of biopiracy. The stealing of biological resources and indigenous knowledge would affect food security, livelihood of indigenous people, and consumers‟ choice. More than 70 % of our food supply is dependent on a small number of edible plant resources, mainly wheat, maize, rice, and potato, which are fundamental to food security. Patenting of these plants varieties will definitely pose threat to the consumers. In politics, biopiracy has triggered the problem of the intrusion of national sovereignty when a corporation or a government from other countries utilizes and benefits from the patent varieties of genetic resources which derived from genetic resources or traditional knowledge from another sovereign state. However, in the past few years, developing countries have become more vocal in the international arena. This would help developing countries in the political bargaining with developed countries and can help to solve the problem of biopiracy.
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Ready, Tinker. "'Biopiracy' issue stops research." Nature Medicine 8, no. 1 (January 2002): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0102-9b.

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Shiva, Vandana. "Bioprospecting as Sophisticated Biopiracy." Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 32, no. 2 (January 2007): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/508502.

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Nash, Robert J. "Who benefits from biopiracy?" Phytochemistry 56, no. 5 (March 2001): 403–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(00)00466-0.

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Gulati, Riya. "BIOPIRACY, A BIOLOGICAL THEFT?" International Journal of Legal Studies ( IJOLS ) 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 349–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.3244.

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‘Biopiracy’ is an illegal appropriation of genetic resources or traditional knowledge by way of patents which restrict its future use. It has been observed in a lot of cases that the devel-oped countries make use of the biological resources or traditional knowledge of the devel-oping countries while inventing a new product. And when they claim a patent over their invention, they are denied of that monopoly right. The term biopiracy itself suggests 'biological theft' however it is not always the case. A number of regulations have been made in favor of developing countries to protect their resources and traditional knowledge but at the same time, it is evident that the developed countries do not apply the traditional knowledge 'as it is', they go beyond it and carry out further research and experiment to develop a new product. The fact that the mere sub-stance in a new product is a part of traditional knowledge of a particular country is not a suitable ground to revoke the application of patent. In most of the cases, patents have been denied to the developed countries on the ground that there was no novelty in their product as the product has been developed by using developing country's traditional knowledge is not justified. The interest of the patentee should also be taken into consideration.
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Astuti, Yunni Widhi. "Urgensi Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Biodiversitas Indonesia dari Praktik Biopiracy." Ethics and Law Journal: Business and Notary 1, no. 3 (December 31, 2023): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.61292/eljbn.74.

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Indonesia, as host to more than 17,000 islands with a biodiversity involving approximately 10% of global flowering plants, 12% of mammals, and 17% of reptiles, amphibians and birds, faces significant risks of biopiracy. This wealth is not only limited to land, but also involves the ocean which has no less important biological riches. Biopiracy or biocolonialism, the illegal practice of accessing and exploiting a country's biological wealth, causes immediate and long-term economic losses. This research uses the Nagoya Protocol as an international legal framework that regulates access and sharing of benefits from biodiversity. The results of the discussion highlight the importance of implementing the Nagoya Protocol in Indonesian national law, especially in the context of law number 11 of 2013. Even though it has been ratified, the continuation of the Nagoya Protocol norms in Indonesian national law requires more detailed and comprehensive legislation. The conclusions of this research emphasize the urgent need for national legislation that can transform the norms of the Nagoya Protocol into a stronger legal framework. In addition, this article provides suggestions for strengthening regulations to protect Indonesia's biological wealth from detrimental biopiracy practices. These conclusions form the basis for further expansion and improvement in the legal framework aimed at effectively protecting Indonesia's biodiversity.Indonesia, sebagai tuan rumah bagi lebih dari 17.000 pulau dengan keanekaragaman hayati yang melibatkan sekitar 10% tumbuhan berbunga global, 12% mamalia, dan 17% reptil, amfibi, dan burung, menghadapi risiko biopiracy yang signifikan. Kekayaan ini tidak hanya terbatas pada daratan, melainkan juga melibatkan lautan yang memiliki kekayaan biologis tak kalah penting. Biopiracy atau biocolonialism, praktik ilegal mengakses dan memanfaatkan kekayaan hayati suatu negara, menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi langsung dan jangka panjang. Penelitian ini menggunakan Nagoya Protocol sebagai kerangka hukum internasional yang mengatur akses dan pembagian keuntungan dari biodiversitas. Hasil pembahasan menyoroti pentingnya implementasi Nagoya Protocol dalam hukum nasional Indonesia, khususnya dalam konteks undang-undang nomor 11 tahun 2013. Meskipun telah meratifikasi, keberlanjutan norma-norma Nagoya Protocol dalam hukum nasional Indonesia memerlukan undang-undang yang lebih rinci dan komprehensif. Simpulan dari penelitian ini menegaskan kebutuhan mendesak akan undang-undang nasional yang dapat mentransformasikan norma-norma Nagoya Protocol ke dalam kerangka hukum yang lebih kuat. Selain itu, artikel ini memberikan saran untuk memperkuat regulasi guna melindungi kekayaan hayati Indonesia dari praktik biopiracy yang merugikan. Kesimpulan tersebut menjadi dasar untuk perluasan dan perbaikan lebih lanjut dalam kerangka hukum yang bertujuan melindungi biodiversitas Indonesia secara efektif. Kata kunci: Perlindungan Hukum, Biodiversitas, Indonesia, Praktik Biopiracy
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Biopiracy"

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Bastuck, Christian. "Biopiracy' and Patents - Developing Countries' fears are exaggerated." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4532.

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This thesis will examine such ''biopiracy' patents' and tries to evaluate whether the criticisms related with them are true and whether and how far these patents have indeed negative impacts on indigenous communities and developing countries. It will be shown that the fear of the slogan 'biopiracy' is exaggerated since the criticisms related with it are largely unjustified and since there is no direct impact on indigenous communities or developing countries. Even the few negative impacts can be resolved by the developing countries with the help of suitable national legislation. Thus, developing countries should rather enact appropriate legislation to make use of the available TRIPS regulations to promote innovation in their own territory to benefit better from their resources than it is the case up to now. [...]
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Runguphan, Titima. "Biopiracy in Asia: a case study of India and Thailand." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29521920.

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Chapell, Jodie. "Biopiracy in Peru : tracing biopiracies, theft, loss and traditional knowledge." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.654546.

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This thesis concerns the different ideas, and relationships -to people, plants and knowledge - that -'biopiracy' brings together in Peru. Through assessing different concerns over the use of 'traditional knowledge', the thesis examines the multiple meanings of biopiracy which emerge through particular bundles of relationships. Contribution is made to existing literature concerning indigenous peoples and biodiversity by illustrating the complexity and multiplicity of understandings of 'biopiracy'. The thesis identifies contested meanings of 'biopiracy' and produces a typology of 'biopiracies' through an application ofTsing's (2005) concept of 'friction', and also an analysis of 'biopiracy' as an empirical subject of enquiry in the patent system. In Part One I consider 'biopiracy' and 'traditional knowledge' in international debates, and so establish the main ideological concepts that frame 'global' biopiracy. The thesis explores the plurality of biopiracy by providing nuanced accounts of 'biopirates' and 'traditional knowledge'. Part Two, is an analysis of the work of the Peruvian National Commission Against Biopiracy. This section examines the role of patent searches and of knowledge registers in producing accounts of biopiracy that: reify traditional knowledge, fracture connections with indigenous communities, and that represent the economic interests of the state. The thesis presents a quantitative account of original patent research into 'biopiracy', with an accompanying qualitative analysis that highlights the connections produced - and denied - through 'biopiracy work'. The final section presents ethnographic data from two Amazonian communities - San Francisco de Yarinacocha, and Calleria. This data indicates that particular forms of relationships to people, plants, and knowledge are privileged, as well as cast aside in the mobilisation of 'biopiracy'. Chapter Six presents an analysis of two distinct 'biopiracies': 'Biopiracies of theft' and 'biopiracies of economic opportunity'. These in turn characterise the different, contingent features of 'biopiracy' in Peru.
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Hamilton, Christopher John. "Knowledge, ownership and life : the relationship between biopiracy and intellectual property rights." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485555.

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This thesis describes and accounts for the contemporai-y politics that take shape around the emergence of new regimes of intellectual property ~hts (IPRs) seeking patents on life fonns through an analysis of disputes that have been framed.in.tenns: ofbiopiracy. It studies biopiracy as a tenn which serves as a vector to gather to it a cascade. of concerns about the ambivalent. promises that emerge at the intersection of science, nature and IPR, but also at the intersection of , the developed and the developing· worlds. Though an analysis of the historical trajectory of the tenn coupled with a focused look at cases where allegations of biopiracy have been made by activist groups, it analyses the consequences of the concept's deployment, thus clarifying the lines of contes!ation and identifying some of their economic, political, social, cultural, legal and ethical underpinnings. The first component of this thesis builds on sociological work which addresses the nature/culture separation and extends this work to apply it to IPR regimes, thus making theoretical inroads into emerging notions of biocapital, the bioeconomy and biosociality. As such, it contributes to an understanding of the role of IPR and of the nature/culture separation therein. The second part of this thesis analyses the use of the term 'biopiracy' in the, media and demonstrates how the use of the term has been characterized by a clustering around several key cases which were deliberately chosen to exemplify the process of biopiracy. The third area addressed by this thesis deals with the specific implications that the allegation of biopiracy has had. It shows that the allegation of biopiracy has been 'taken up' widely across multiple spectra, which has led towards the generation of a variety of proposed solutions to the challenges it generates, solutions inherently bound to how biopiracy is itself problematized.
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Christian, Nigel David. "From biopiracy to bioprospecting : an historical sociology of the search for biological resources." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2007. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1122/.

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With the 1992 United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity humanity's ongoing search for biological resources became subject to global regulation. The collection of biological materials for use in agriculture and medicine by one nation from another became conditional on criteria of informed consent, benefit-sharing, and the preservation of environments. This practice has become known as bioprospecting. Collections of biological materials and/or of 'traditional' knowledge of how to utilize them which did not meet the Convention's requirements henceforth became known as biopiracy. The thesis takes its structure from the Convention, which is treated as marking a shift from historical biopiracy to contemporary bioprospecting. The thesis is that critics of the Convention who oppose it and the forms of bioprospecting which it mandates in terms of neo-colonialism and neo-imperialism have misunderstood the character of contemporary economic and political power. The thesis argues that although contemporary bioprospecting is not practiced, as the Convention requires it to be, in ways that are 'fair and equitable', it cannot be understood as a neo-imperialist practice. Instead, the thesis concludes that the Convention should be understood in the context of new forms of governance and sovereignty. The Convention facilitates planet management and supports the exercise of biopower. Several cases studies of imperialist biopiracy are presented and their social impacts are discussed in contrast to contemporary bioprospecting. A broad range of historical and sociological literature is brought together for the first time. The history of the transition from biopiracy to bioprospecting is described and discussed in terms of several social, epistemological/technological, scientific, political and economic changes, respectively: the transition from imperialism to globalization, a shift away from exploitation of 'nature' toward management of 'biodiversity', the transition from natural history to ecological science, the appearance of environmentalist concerns in national and global politics, the completion of the globalization of capitalist property relations and the demise of the notion of biological resources as the 'common heritage of humankind'.
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Dal, Monico Sara <1993&gt. "Biopiracy, or the misappropriation of traditional knowledge for profit: a human rights perspective." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/14374.

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L'elaborato si propone di indagare una specifica domanda, ovvero se la biopirateria possa annoverarsi tra le violazioni di diritti umani. Sebbene una definizione condivisa non esista tutt’ora, per biopirateria s’intende l’appropriazione indebita di conoscenza tradizionale e risorse genetiche appartenenti a comunità indigene, in molti casi brevettate conseguentemente, da parte di multinazionali e/o istituti di ricerca per fini commerciali. La tesi si propone, partendo da una ricerca delle origini della pirateria stessa, di analizzare lo sviluppo di questo fenomeno recente, procedendo con l’identificazione degli attori maggiormente coinvolti nel processo. In seguito, il terzo capitolo propone un approfondimento del contesto giuridico internazionale, spaziando dalla Convenzione sulla Diversità Biologica, alla Proprietà Intellettuale e i Diritti Culturali. Infine, prima di portare alcuni casi concreti di episodi di biopirateria, il quarto capitolo può considerarsi lo snodo principale dell’elaborato, in cui la domanda iniziale trova risposta.
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Kapepiso, Fabian S. "From fable to court: tracing the curation of indigenous knowledge in a biopiracy case." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27885.

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This dissertation presents a constructivist grounded theory study of curation and biopiracy of medicinal knowledge about Hoodia. Hoodia is a succulent cactus used by the San people for sustenance and medicinal purposes, and a victim of biopiracy as indigenous knowledge of its properties has been patented with the aim of commercialisation. The purpose of this study was to generate a theory or framework that explores and explains the processes involved in curation and application of indigenous medicinal knowledge in the scientific, legal and commercial knowledge domains. The colonial 'discoveries' and records of the Hoodia species by Carl P. Thunberg, Francis Masson, as well as the recorded experience of Rudolf Marloth, in a Renaissance Humanist tradition, led to scientific experiments by the CSIR (Council for Scientific and Industrial Research) and commercial trials in an attempt to develop slimming drugs for commercialisation. A landmark royalty and benefit-sharing agreement in 2002/3 awarded intellectual property compensation to the San community for commercial exploitation of their traditional knowledge. Although there have been several Master's and Doctoral research studies about Hoodia, minimal or no attention have been directed toward the curation of information in a biopiracy case. Science has sought to capitalise undocumented indigenous knowledge by applying for patents and developing pharmaceutical drugs using indigenous medicinal knowledge obtained from local people. Using a grounded theory methodology, data was collected through an unstructured interview, reviews of literature and theoretical sampling to extract relevant concepts and themes. The study then identified key players and knowledge domains that added new layers of information and knowledge to traditional knowledge in relation to Hoodia use. The study traces the movement of indigenous knowledge from the San to the CSIR, from CSIR to the commercial entities Phytopharm, Pfizer and Unilever, through the licencing of a patent on Hoodia. An emergent theory based on the concept of palimpsest suggests that erasures of the existing traditional knowledge occurred as new layers of knowledge were added or applied. These erasures took the form of (1) renaming the Hoodia species with Greek or Latin names instead of adopting the indigenous names (Renaissance Humanism), and (2) adding new meaning and complicated symbols, resulting in codification of existing indigenous knowledge (Post Modernism). The main themes emanating from the application of palimpsest as a framework present pressing issues such as de-contextualisation and re-codification of indigenous knowledge, resulting in the erosion of benefits for its originators.
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Holtheuer, Laura. "Biopiracy and Native Title: An Exploration of the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) and Indigenous Knowledge Protection." Thesis, Business Law, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/30003.

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The exploitation of Indigenous Knowledge is pervasive and widespread. Despite its significance and value however, the current legal frameworks available for its protection fail to offer a comprehensive regime which fundamentally accommodates for the unique characteristics that underlie Indigenous Knowledge. This thesis critically examines the protective frameworks currently available in Australia for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ Knowledge of plant-based biological resources and traditional medicine, mainly environmental laws, intellectual property rights, and human rights. Although their inadequacy has been continually demonstrated, regulatory research in Australia has primarily focused on recommending developments to the current frameworks available, disregarding the unique characteristics and fundamental principles of the knowledge they seek to protect. This thesis aims to fill the gap in the research concerning the protection of Indigenous Knowledge systems through an exploration of the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) and the feasibility of incorporating Indigenous Knowledge protection within its scope, justified by the interconnected and land-related nature of Knowledge and Indigenous ways of life. The analysis is framed around the definition of native title contained in s 223(1) of the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) and draws from jurisprudential interpretations to determine whether it could encompass, and therefore protect, Indigenous Knowledge pertaining to plant-based biological resources and traditional medicine specifically. Through case study application, this thesis illustrates and concludes that the s 223(1) native title definition has the scope to protect Indigenous Knowledge of plant-based biological resources. While the success of applying this conclusion in practice remains severely limited given the inequality and imbalance of power amongst Indigenous Peoples and ‘settler’ Australians that still permeates the legal context and Australian society more widely, recent developments in this space indicate a growing social and political demand for much needed change which may act as the vehicle through which to grant Indigenous Peoples rights to their knowledge under the native title framework.
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Iaderozza, Fábio Eduardo 1961. "Neoliberalismo, sistema de Patentes e a liberalização do biomercado emergente no Brasil na década de 1990 : a privatização do conhecimento tradicional e da biodiversidade nacional." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287757.

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Orientador: Arlete Moysés Rodrigues
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T20:02:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Iaderozza_FabioEduardo_D.pdf: 2091120 bytes, checksum: 5e774c7d975681b8c7cc33a3dc84a509 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
Resumo: A década de 1990 assistiu ao predomínio de ideais liberais-globalizantes, cuja principal marca foi o processo de privatização nas suas mais variadas formas. A pressão exercida por países do centro para a adoção de um sistema de propriedade industrial mais adequado aos interesses de grupos hegemônicos, fez surgir uma nova legislação sobre Propriedade Industrial no Brasil que abriu a possibilidade para se privatizar as riquezas naturais contidas em território nacional, como aquelas oriundas da biodiversidade, bem como o conhecimento tradicional associado. Levando-se em conta os avanços que estão ocorrendo em áreas como biotecnologia e engenharia genética, tidas como muito promissoras em meio aos novos domínios do capital, o fato de possuir ou ter acesso à biodiversidade tornou-se estratégico para a reprodução ampliada do capital. Diante dessa constatação, a tese analisa o processo histórico no qual se observa à crescente mercantilização da natureza, cujo resultado é a ampliação da produção de mercadorias a partir de suas riquezas, não para atender as necessidades humanas, mas aos interesses do capital. Com os Direitos de Propriedade Industrial cria-se a possibilidade de apropriação, por parte de grandes empresas transnacionais, das riquezas naturais existentes em dado território. Com isso, impõe-se uma nova forma de dominação, não diretamente nas terras, mas no acesso aos recursos genéticos patenteados, expropriando as comunidades tradicionais e os países biodiversos de seus conhecimentos e de suas riquezas. Consideramos esse tipo de apropriação a versão contemporânea dos enclosures, dado que a propriedade cercada e o monopólio são os objetivos finais
Abstract: The 1990s faced the predominance of liberal-globalizing ideals, whose main result was the process of privatization in its many forms. The pressure exerted by core countries for the adoption of a system more appropriate industrial property to the interests of hegemonic groups, introduced a new legislative industrial property law in Brazil that opened the possibility of privatizing the natural resources contained in the national territory, such as those arising from biodiversity and the associated traditional knowledge. Taking into consideration the advances that are occurring in areas such as biotechnology and genetic engineering, considered as very promising among the new domain of the capital, the fact of possessing or having access to biodiversity has become strategic for the expanded reproduction of the investment. Considering this fact, the thesis analyzes the historical process in which one observes the increasing commodification of nature, the result of which is the expansion of commodity production from their resources, not to meet human needs, but to the meet the capital interests. The industrial property rights creates the possibility of proprietorship by large transnational companies of the existing natural resources in a given territory. With this, a new form of domination is imposed, not directly on the land, but on the access of the patented genetic resources, expropriating traditional communities and the biodiverse countries of their knowledge and their resources. We consider this type of ownership the contemporary version of the enclosures, as the fenced property and monopoly are the ultimate goals
Doutorado
Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial
Doutor em Geografia
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Doyle, Anastasia Roxane. "Access and control of biodiversity in the context of biopiracy: the case of pelargonium sidoides in the Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/76321.

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The purpose of this research is to explore access and control of biodiversity in the context of biopiracy with specific reference to the case of pelargonium sidoides in the Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality. The research is informed by the increased appropriation of local biodiversity and indigenous knowledge by industry as well as global debates on promoting sustainable resource utilisation and sustainable rural livelihoods. This study adopts a two-pronged conceptual approach mainly, Marx’s Ecology and the Sustainable Rural Livelihoods Framework (SRLF). The former provides useful insights into the processes and dynamics of power asymmetries between developed and developing countries, capital accumulation, inherent displacement and the predatory nature of capitalism. Whilst the latter addresses how livelihoods are fashioned in a holistic way. As a significant starting point the South African political economy is examined through the lens of the two economies debate. This research is primarily qualitative using in-depth interviews, observations and archival research as the primary data collection techniques. Preliminary site visits were conducted to negotiate access. Key informants of the study were representatives of the core groups (interested and affected stakeholders) involved in the case of pelargonium sidoides. Specifically, participants included representatives from the Imingcangathelo Community Development Trust and the Masakhane Community Property Association, local harvesters, local community members, monitoring and enforcement environmental officers, plant breeders (cultivators), scientists, local businessmen involved in natural resource trade, academics, legal representatives and non-governmental organisations. The Rhodes University research ethical guidelines were followed accordingly. The findings of the study suggest that trade in pelargonium sidoides is influenced by a complex and dynamic interplay between the state-industry-rural elite coalitions. Moreover, that this activity is largely centralised and exclusionary. This process is depicted in the unsustainable utilisation of pelargonium sidoides and other natural resources, the dismantling of local livelihoods, exploitation of harvesters and an incoherent environmental governance structure. At the core of this unequal system of exchange is industry, which effectively functions to generate profits whilst dispossessing peripheral communities such as the Masakhane community. The study therefore, argues that in order for local communities to access the trade there needs to be a shift in this system of unequal exchange. Not only regarding beneficiation, but in building community capacity and becoming involved as critical stakeholders in the governance of resources in the study area. The study found that there are competing narratives that inform the status and sustainability of pelargonium sidoides. Furthermore, given the current trajectory of the Masakhane community’s struggle for land, access to natural resources and exclusion from decision-making regarding pelargonium sidoides, the area will continue to be underdeveloped with concomitant poverty, inequality and comprised rural livelihoods.
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Books on the topic "Biopiracy"

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Vandana, Shiva, Jafri Afsar H, Bhutani Shalini, and Research Foundation for Science, Technology, and Ecology (New Delhi, India), eds. Campaign against biopiracy. New Delhi: Research Foundation for Science Technology and Ecology, 1999.

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Agrawal, K. C. Global biodiversity: Conservation, indigenous rights and biopiracy. Bikaner: Nidhi Publishers (India), 2002.

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Mushita, A. Biopiracy of biodiversity: Global exchange as enclosure. Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 2007.

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Mushita, A. Biopiracy of biodiversity: Global exchange as enclosure. Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 2006.

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Chauhan, Surender Singh. Biodiversity, biopiracy, and biopolitics: The global perspective. Delhi: Kalinga Publications, 2001.

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Mgbeoji, Ikechi. Global biopiracy: Patents, plants, and indigenous knowledge. New York: Cornell University Press, 2006.

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Jamil, Uzma. Biopiracy: The patenting of basmati by Ricetec. Islamabad: Commission on Environmental, Economic and Social Policy, South Asia, 1998.

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Shiva, Vandana. Biopiracy: The plunder of nature and knowledge. Dartington: Green Books in association with The Gaia Foundation, 1998.

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Robinson, Daniel F. Confronting biopiracy: Challenges, cases and international debates. Sterling, VA: Earthscan, 2010.

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Shiva, Vandana. Biopiracy: The plunder of nature and knowledge. Boston, MA: South End Press, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Biopiracy"

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Ramirez Garcia, Hugo S. "Biopiracy." In Encyclopedia of Global Bioethics, 367–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09483-0_57.

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Ramirez Garcia, Hugo S. "Biopiracy." In Encyclopedia of Global Bioethics, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05544-2_57-1.

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Satheeshkumar, P. K., and Anoop Narayanan. "Biopiracy." In Bioresources and Bioprocess in Biotechnology, 185–204. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3573-9_9.

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George, Alexandra E. "Bioprospecting and Biopiracy." In Encyclopedia of Global Justice, 77–80. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9160-5_682.

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ten Have, Henk, and Maria do Céu Patrão Neves. "Bioprospecting (See Biopiracy)." In Dictionary of Global Bioethics, 197–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54161-3_95.

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ten Have, Henk, and Maria do Céu Patrão Neves. "Biopiracy (See Bioprospecting)." In Dictionary of Global Bioethics, 191–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54161-3_92.

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Fredriksson, Martin. "From biopiracy to bioprospecting." In Property, Place and Piracy, 174–86. Abingdon, Oxon [UK] ; New York : Routledge, 2017. | Series: Routledge complex real property rights series: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315180731-13.

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Maerhofer, John. "Biopiracy, Environmental Racism, and Anti-imperialism." In Guerrilla Ecologies, 69–95. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003377498-4.

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Wyatt, Tanya. "Invisible Pillaging: The Hidden Harm of Corporate Biopiracy." In Invisible Crimes and Social Harms, 161–77. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137347824_9.

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Patel, Anmol. "Traditional Knowledge, Sustainability, and International Intellectual Property Law: Biopiracy in Patent-Intensive Industries." In Responsible Leadership and Sustainable Management, 115–40. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4837-6_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Biopiracy"

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Andrews, Deborah. "Traditional Agriculture, Biopiracy and Indigenous Rights." In The 2nd World Sustainability Forum. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wsf2-00928.

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Karvat, Jaciel Santos. "Biopolitics and the issue of biopiracy: the right of traditional peoples to benefit sharing." In II INTERNATIONAL SEVEN MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/homeinternationalanais-055.

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Abstract:
Abstract The general objective of this study was to verify if the Brazilian Government defends the right of traditional peoples and communities to benefit sharing and if it acts effectively in the fight against biopiracy. The methodology used was the deductive method, having as sources of consultation books, doctrines, articles and legislation. After the research, it can be concluded that, despite the country having a comprehensive law on national biodiversity, with a chapter dedicated to benefit-sharing, it is not able to effectively defend the rights of traditional peoples and communities, nor to fight biopiracy. An important fact is that biopiracy is not yet typified in Brazilian law, which ends up making it easier for this crime to continue happening. It is necessary for the legislator to typify this crime, which encompasses several spheres of law, being an environmental crime, against traditional peoples and communities and those of the Lesa Patria. Therefore, adjustments to the Law are necessary so that it becomes capable of effectively protecting traditional peoples and communities from economic-scientific exploitation, and protecting biodiversity, the economy and national sovereignty.
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