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Setiawan, Adhi, Febby Dwi Melanny Anggraini, Tarikh Azis Ramadani, Luqman Cahyono, and Mochammad Choirul Rizal. "Pemanfaatan Jerami Padi Sebagai Bioplastik Dengan Menggunakan Metode Perlakuan Pelarut Organik." METANA 17, no. 2 (December 6, 2021): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/metana.v17i2.42254.
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Jerami padi memilki kandungan selulosa yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bioplastik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis bioplastik dari bahan baku jerami padi menggunakan perlakuan pelarut organik serta menganalisis pengaruh rasio massa pati dengan selulosa karakteristik produk bioplastik. Proses delignifikasi jerami menggunakan larutan etanol 5% dan 35% pada suhu 80oC selama dua jam. Bioplastik dibuat dengan rasio massa pati dengan selulosa sebesar 1:0,5; 1:1; dan 1:1,5. Karakterisasi menggunakan metode SEM, XRD, TG-DTA, uji tarik, uji transmisi uap, serta uji degradasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses delignifikasi menggunakan etanol menyebabkan peningkatan kadar selulosa serta kristalinitas jerami. Morfologi bioplastik menunjukkan permukaan yang tidak rata serta terdapat bagian matriks yang terpisah dengan fiber. Hasil TG-DTA menunjukkan pengurangan massa bioplastik sebesar 81,01% pada suhu 550oC. Hasil kuat tarik terbaik pada bioplastik yang dibuat dengan rasio massa pati dengan selulosa 1:0,5 pada konsentrasi delignifikasi etanol 35%. Nilai kuat tarik yang diperoleh sebesar 8,773 Mpa. Pengujian degradasi bioplastik dilakukan selama 10 hari diperoleh nilai % degradasi terbesar bioplastik adalah sebesar 99,9%. Rice straw contains cellulose which can be used as raw material for making bioplastics. This study aims to synthesize bioplastics from rice straw using organic solvent treatment and analyze the effect of the mass ratio of starch to cellulose on the characteristics of bioplastic products. The straw delignification process used 5% and 35% ethanol solution at 80oC for two hours. Bioplastics are made with a mass ratio of starch to cellulose of 1:0.5; 1:1; and 1:1.5. Characterization using SEM, XRD, TG-DTA methods, tensile test, vapour transmission test, and degradation test. The results showed that the delignification process using ethanol caused an increase in cellulose content and straw crystallinity. The morphology of the bioplastic shows an uneven surface and there are parts of the matrix that are separated from the fiber. The results of TG-DTA showed a reduction the mass of bioplastic by 81.01% at a temperature of 550oC. The best tensile strength results in bioplastics made with a mass ratio of starch to cellulose 1:0.5 at a delignification concentration of 35% ethanol. The tensile strength value obtained was 8,773 Mpa. The bioplastic degradation test was carried out for 10 days and the largest percentage of bioplastic degradation was 99.9%.
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Suwardi, Suwardi, and Nur Hidayati. "Karakteristik Bioplastik Kitosan-Onggok Aren (Arenga pinnata) dengan Penambahan Serbuk Kunyit." Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering 4, no. 2 (February 18, 2021): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/equilibrium.v4i2.47911.
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<p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>Abstrak. </strong></span>Bioplastik merupakan plastik organik yang salah satu fungsinya dapat digunakan sebagai pengemas bahan pangan. Bioplastik dikenal ramah lingkungan karena mudah terdegrasi oleh alam. Kitosan dapat dimodifikasi dengan pati onggok aren dalam pembuatan bioplastik untuk meningkatkan kekuatan bioplastik. Penambahan kunyit ke dalam bioplastik kitosan-serat onggok diharapkan dapat meningkatkan ketahanan terhadap mikroba sehingga bioplastic tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai bahan kemasan makanan.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik bioplastik kitosan-onggok aren yang ditambah kunyit dengan variasi 0,3- 1,2 %. Uji fisik yang dilakukan meliputi uji daya serap air, uji kuat tarik, uji elongisitas dan uji biodegradasi. Peningkatan banyaknya kunyit dalam air meningkatkan sifat daya serap air, kuat tarik dan biodegradasinya, sedangkan penurunan kemuluran plastik berkurang dengan peningkatan banyaknya kunyit dalam plastik.</p><p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Bioplastics are organic plastics which one of their functions can be used as food packaging. Bioplastics are known to be environmentally friendly because they are easily degraded by nature. Chitosan can be modified with onggok palm starch in making bioplastics to increase the strength of the bioplastics. The addition of turmeric to the chitosan-onggok bioplastic is expected to increase resistance to microbes so that the bioplastic can be used as a food packaging material. This study aims to determine the bioplastic characteristics of chitosan-onggok palm sugar added with turmeric with a variation of 0.3-1.2%. Physical tests carried out include water absorption test, tensile strength test, elongicity test and biodegradation test. The increase in the amount of turmeric in water increases its water absorption, tensile strength and biodegradation properties, while the decrease in plastic elongation decreases with the increase in the amount of turmeric in the plastic.</p>
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Yupa, Nor Pana, Sunardi Sunardi, and Utami Irawati. "Synthesis And Characterization Of Alginate Based Bioplastic With The Addition Of Nanocellulose From Sago Frond As Filler." Justek : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi 4, no. 1 (May 5, 2021): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/justek.v4i1.4308.
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Abstract: The bioplastic synthesis of alginate in this study has been carried out using nanocellulose from sago fronds as a filler. Bioplastic synthesis uses different nanocellulose concentrations, namely 0%; 0.2%; 0.4%; and 0.6% (w / w). This study aims to see how the characteristics of bioplastics with the addition of nanocellulose. The resulting bioplastics were analyzed for moisture content, solubility, thickness, transmission rate, and transparency. The results of the research on the addition of nanocellulose concentrations show that nanocellulose can improve the characteristics of bioplastics in the form of thickness, transparency, moisture content, solubility, and water vapor transmission. Abstrak: Sintesis bioplastik dari alginat dalam penelitian ini telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan nanoselulosa dari pelepah sagu sebagai pengisi. Sintesis bioplastik menggunakan konsentrasi nanoselulosa yang berbeda beda yaitu 0%; 0,2%; 0,4%; dan 0,6% (b/b). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana karakteristik bioplastik dengan adanya penambahan nanoselulosa. Bioplastik yang dihasilkan dianalisis kadar air, kelarutan, ketebalan, laju transmisi dan transparansi. Hasil penelitian penambahan konsentrasi nanoselulosa menunjukkan bahwa nanoselulosa dapat memperbaiki karakteristik dari bioplastik berupa ketebalan, transparansi, kadar air, kelarutan dan transmisi uap air.
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Widiastuti, Endang, and Ari Marlina. "Sintesis Nanofiller Dari Rumput Alang-Alang untuk Pembuatan Film Bioplastik Berbahan Dasar Pati-Kitosan." Fluida 15, no. 1 (June 8, 2022): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35313/fluida.v15i1.3268.
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Indonesia saat ini menempati urutan ke-2 sebagai negara penghasil sampah plastik. Oleh karena itu, dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, penelitian tentang plastik ramah lingkungan yang dikenal sebagai bioplastik sedang digalakkan. Bioplastik yang terbuat dari bahan alam, sifat mekaniknya tidak sebaik plastik jenis LDPE (Low Density Proly Ethylene). Salah satu bioplastik tersebut adalah berbahan dasar pati-kitosan, yaitu pati yang digunakan dari singkong atau disebut tapioka/pati. Pada penelitian ini, campuran pati-kitosan ditambahkan nanoselulosa dari rumput alang-alang sebagai nanofiller. Pertama, nanoselulosa diasetilasi kemudian dicampur dengan pati-kitosan. Bioplastik yang dibuat pada penelitian ini menggunakan perbandingan tapioka dan kitosan yakni 9 : 0,3. Bioplastik yang dibuat dari campuran pati-kitosan-nanoselulosa , memiliki kekuatan tarik 7,01 MPa, modulus Young atau kekuatan luluh 4,69 MPa dan perpanjangan putus 29,72% untuk ketebalan film 0,28 mm. Dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa penambahan nanoselulosa dapat meningkatkan sifat mekanik bioplastik pati-kitosan, meskipun belum menyamai sifat mekanik bahan plastik LDPE.
Indonesia is currently the 2nd largest producer of plastic waste. Therefore, research on environmentally friendly plastics, known as bioplastics, has been promoted in recent years. Bioplastic is made from natural materials, and its mechanical properties are not as good as LDPE (Low-Density Poly Ethylene) plastic. One of the bioplastics is made from starch-chitosan, the starch used from cassava or called tapioca/starch. In this study, a mixture of starch-chitosan was added with nanocellulose from alang-alang grass as a nanofiller. The first, nanocellulose was acetylated and then mixed with starch-chitosan. Bioplastics were made in this study using a tapioca-chitosan ratio of 9: 0.3. Bioplastic Bioplastic made from a mixture of starch-chitosan-nanocellulose has a tensile strength of 7.01 MPa, Young's modulus or yield strength of 4.69 MPa and elongation of break 29.72% for a film thickness of 0.28 mm. This research shows that the addition of nanocellulose can improve the mechanical properties of starch-chitosan bioplastic. However, it has not matched the mechanical properties of LDPE plastic material.
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Sari, Nofita, Maudy Mairisya, Riska Kurniasari, and Sari Purnavita. "Bioplastik Berbasis Galaktomanan Hasil Ekstraski Ampas Kelapa Dengan Campuran Polyvinyl Alkohol." METANA 15, no. 2 (November 27, 2019): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/metana.v15i2.24892.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kondisi optimum yang meliputi luas permukaan dan jumlah solven pada proses ekstraksi galaktomanan dari ampas kelapa terhadap yield yang dihasilkan dan mendapatkan kondisi optimumpada proses pembuatan bioplastik yang meliputi jumlah sorbitol dan waktu pencampuran terhadap karakteristik bioplastik yang meliputi ketebalan, ketahanan air, kuat tarik, elongasi, waktu degradasi dan morfologi.Bioplastik merupakan plastik yang dapat diuraikan oleh mikroorganisme dalam waktu yang singkat, sehingga lebih ramah lingkungan dibandingkan plastik konvensional.Bioplastik terbuat dari bahan polimer alami seperti pati, selulosa atau lemak.Penelitian pembuatan bioplastik ini berbasis dari galaktomanan ampas kelapa dan PVA. Galaktomanan merupakan polimer alami yang memiliki kemampuan membuat lapisan film.Polyvinyl alkohol (PVA) merupakan polimer sintetik namun memiliki sifat mudah larut dalam air sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai bahan campuran pembuatan bioplastik. PVA juga mampu meningkatkan elastisitas dan kuat tarik bioplastik. Penelitian ini menghasilkan bioplastik dengan ketebalan terbaik 0,18 mm dan prosentase ketahanan air tertinggi 74,76%. Tensile strength bioplastik terbaik dengan nilai 7,55 MPa, sedangkan prosentase elongation terbaik 46,81%. Bioplastik pada penelitian ini memiliki titik leleh (MP) 120°C dan terdegradasi sempurna dalam 24 jam. This study aims to obtain optimum conditions which are including surface area and amount of solvent in the galactomannan extraction process from coconut pulp to the produced yield and obtaining the optimum conditions in the bioplastic manufacturing process which are included the amount of sorbitol and mixing time of the bioplastic characteristics including thickness, water resistance, tensile strength, elongation, degradation time and morphology. Bioplastics are plastics that can be decomposed by microorganisms in a short time, making them more environmentally friendly than conventional plastics bioplastics made from natural polymer materials such as starch, cellulose, or fat. The research in making bioplastics was based on galactomannan coconut pulp and PVA. Galactomannan is a natural polymer that can make film layers. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a synthetic polymer but has properties that are soluble in water so it can be used as a mixture of bioplastics. PVA is also able to increase the elasticity and strong pull of bioplastics. This study produced bioplastics with the best thickness of 0,18mm and the highest percentage of water resistance in 74,76%. The best bioplastic tensile strength at 7,55 MPa value, while the best percentage of elongation 46,81%. Bioplastics in this study had a melting point (MP) of 120 ° C and were degraded correctly in 24 hours.
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Ridlo, Ali, Sri Sedjati, Endang Supriyantini, and Oetari Kusuma Putri. "Karakteristik Biofilm Komposit CMC- Gliserol-Alginat dari Sargassum sp pada Perlakuan dengan Kalsium Klorida." Jurnal Kelautan Tropis 25, no. 2 (April 12, 2022): 257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v25i2.13773.
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Bioplastics are plastics made from renewable raw materials such as polysaccharides, proteins and lipids. One of the alternative sources of bioplastic raw materials is hydrocolloid from seaweed, which is abundantly available in Indonesia, so that this hydrocolloid-based bioplastic is very prospective to be developed, and can increase the added value of seaweed. The physical and mechanical properties of alginate bioplastics can be improved by combining them with other materials into biocomposite materials that have superior properties and meet specifications. This study aims to determine the effect of calcium chloride (CaCl2) on the physical and mechanical properties of the CMC-Glycerol-Alginate composite bioplastic from Sargassum sp. Bioplastics were made by mixing 0.5 g of alginate flour, added CMC (1.5 g), and 100 ml of distilled water, then stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 10 minutes at 90oC. After that, the temperature was lowered to 40oC and 5 ml of glycerol was added and then homogenized again for 15 minutes. The mixture was filtered and then poured into a glass mold and the surface was leveled using a stainless steel cylinder, then dried in an oven at 80oC for 12 hours. After that the bioplastic is released from the glass plate. In the soaking method, the bioplastic sheets were immersed in a 2% CaCl¬2 solution for 5 minutes, then dried and stored in a desiccator. In the mixing method, 1 gram of CaCl¬2 was put directly into the alginate-CMC-glycerol mixture and homogenized with a magnetic stirrer at 90oC for 15 minutes, then printed on a glass plate, then dried at 100oC for 12 hours. CaCl2 treatment by mixing and soaking decreased elongation, tensile strength, biodegradability and transparency, but increased water resistance and thickness of the alginate-CMC-glycerol composite bioplastic, and changed the surface properties of the bioplastic to be rougher. No new functional groups were formed due to the interaction between alginate, CMC, glycerol, distilled water and CaCl2. Bioplastik adalah plastik yang dibuat dari bahan baku terbarukan seperti polisakarida, protein dan lipida. Salah satu alternatif sumber bahan baku bioplastik adalah hidrokoloid dari rumput laut yang tersedia melimpah di Indonesia, sehingga bioplastik berbahan hidrokoloid ini sangat prospektif untuk dikembangkan, serta dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah rumput laut.Sifat fisik dan mekanik bioplastik alginat dapat ditingkatkan dengan cara dikombinasi dengan bahan lain menjadi material biokomposit yang memiliki sifat unggul dan memenuhi spesifikasi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kalsium klorida (CaCl2) terhadap sifat fisik dan mekanik bioplastik komposit CMC- Gliserol-Alginat dari Sargassum sp.Bioplastik dibuat mdengan mencampurkan tepung alginat sebanyak 0,5 g ditambahkan CMC ( 1,5 g), dan akuades 100 ml, lalu diaduk dengan magnetic stirrer selama 10 menit pada suhu 90oC. Setelah itu, suhu diturunkan sampai 40oC dan ditambahkan gliserol 5 ml lalu dihomogenkan lagi selama 15 menit. Campuran disaring lalu dituang dalam cetakan kaca dan diratakan permukaannya menggunakan silinder stainless steel, kemudian dikeringkan dalam oven pada suhu 80oC selama 12 jam. Setelah itu bioplastik dilepaskan dari pelat kaca. Pada metoda soaking lembaran bioplastik direndam dalam larutan CaCl2 2% selama 5 menit, lalu dikeringkan dan disimpan dalam desikator. Pada metoda mixing, CaCl2 sebanyak 1 gram dimasukkan langsung ke dalam campuran alginat-CMC-gliserol dan dihomogenkan dengan magnetic stirrer pada suhu 90oC selama 15 menit, lalu dicetak dalam pelat kaca, lalu dikeringkan pada suhu 100oC selama 12 jam. Perlakuan CaCl2 dengan cara mixing dan soaking menurunkan elongasi, kuat tarik, biodegradabilitas dan transparansi, tetapi meningkatkan ketahanan air dan ketebalan bioplastik komposit alginat-CMC-gliserol, serta mengubah sifat permukaan bioplastik menjadi lebih kasar. Tidak terdapat gugus fungsi baru yang terbentuk akibat interaksi antara alginat, CMC, gliserol, akuades dan CaCl2.
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Marsa, Yulandaris, A. B. Susanto, and Rini Pramesti. "Bioplastik dari Karagenan Kappaphycus alvarezii dengan Penambahan Carboxymethyl Chitosan dan Gliserol." Buletin Oseanografi Marina 12, no. 1 (September 29, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v12i1.42859.
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Plastik sintetis yang digunakan sebagai pembungkus makanan dapat menimbulkan masalah lingkungan, karena sulit terurai sehingga menjadi sampah. Bioplastik dapat menjadi alternatif plastik komersial karena terbuat dari bahan alami sehingga mudah terurai. Berbagai bahan dasar pembuatan bioplastik telah ditemukan, salah satunya berbahan dasar karagenan. Bioplastik memiliki kekurangan seperti teksturnya yang kaku dan rapuh, sehingga perlu ditambahkan gliserol sebagai pemlastis. Bioplastik dapat terdegradasi lebih cepat sehingga perlu ditambahkan pengawet alami. Karboksimetil kitosan adalah polimer alami yang digunakan sebagai pengawet karena memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui penambahan karboksimetil kitosan terhadap waktu degradasi bioplastik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian bersifat eksperimental labolatoris. Pembuatan bioplastik menggunakan karboksimetil kitosan dengan konsentrasi 2 g, 3 g, 4 g dan 5 g, karagenan 3 g dan gliserol 1,7 ml. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai ketebalan sebesar 0,25 mm – 0,82 mm, nilai kuat tarik sebesar 1,04 MPa – 1,61 MPa, uji biodegradabilitas tercepat selama 116 menit dan terlama selama 373 menit. Pemberian karboksimetil kitosan dapat mempengaruhi waktu degradasi bioplastik dan pada konsentrasi karboksimetil kitosan 5 gram dapat terdegradasi lebih lama.The use of food wrapping plastic (synthetic) becomes waste that pollutes the environment, because its difficult to decompose. Bioplastics can be an alternative to commercial plastics because is making from natural materials so they are easily biodegradable. Various basic materials for making bioplastics have been found, one of which is carrageenan. Bioplastics have drawbacks such as their rigid and brittle texture, so additional ingredients such as glycerol are needed to be added as plasticizers. Bioplastics can be degraded more quickly, so natural preservatives need to be added. Carboxymethyl chitosan is a natural polimer that is used as a preservative because it has antibacterial activity. This study aims to determine the bioplastic characteristics of carrageenan with the addition of glycerol and carboxymethyl chitosan and to determine the appropriate concentration of carboxymethyl chitosan so that bioplastics from carrageenan and glycerol can last a long time. The method used was experimental laboratory, making bioplastics using carboxymethyl chitosan with concentrations of 2 g, 3 g, 4 g and 5 g, carrageenan 3 g and glycerol 1.7 ml. Results of the research that has been carried out, the results of the bioplastic characteristics in the form of a thickness value of 0.25 mm - 0.82 mm, a tensile strength value of 1.04 MPa - 1.61 MPa, the fastest biodegradability test for 116 minutes and the longest for 373 minutes. Carboxymethyl chitosan affects the bioplastic degradation time of carrageenan.
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Fitria, Annisaa’, Widya Nilandita, and Abdul Hakim. "Karakteristik Fisik dan Mekanik Bioplastik Berbahan Dasar Pati Limbah Kulit Pisang Raja Bulu (Musa paradisiaca L. var sapientum) dengan Variasi Jenis Plasticizer dan Kitosan." Jurnal Dampak 20, no. 1 (January 31, 2023): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/dampak.20.1.26-32.2023.
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This study aims to determine the physical and mechanical characteristics of bioplastics made from Raja Bulu banana peel waste starch, which include tensile strength, elongation, thickness values, water absorption values, and how long this bioplastic can be decomposed. This research is experimentally based in a laboratory, starting with the manufacture of starch extraction, the process of making bioplastics, the testing process, and data analysis. Other additives used are plasticizers, which include glycerol and sorbitol, as well as the addition of chitosan. There are 2 variations in this study. The first variation is bioplastic with glycerol, sorbitol, and a mixture of glycerol + sorbitol without the addition of chitosan (A1, B1, and C1), while the second variation is bioplastic with glycerol, sorbitol plasticizer, and a mixture of glycerol + sorbitol with the addition of chitosan (A2, B2, and C2). The results of the tensile strength test for bioplastics made from banana peel waste starch ranged from 1.9 to 21.17 Mpa, with the highest tensile strength value being sample B2 and the lowest tensile strength value being sample A1. The resulting elongation value ranges from 12.62 to 64.22%, with the highest elongation value being sample A1 and the lowest elongation value being sample B2. The value of the resulting absorption ranges from 43.4–120.2% with the highest absorption value being sample B1 and the lowest absorption value being A2. The results of the biodegradability test show that bioplastics without chitosan can decompose for 14–15 days, while bioplastics with chitosan can decompose within 19–20 days. Keywords: bioplastic, plasticizer, chitosan, skin flour of Raja Bulu banana ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisik dan mekanik bioplastik berbahan baku pati kulit pisang Raja Bulu yang meliputi kuat tarik, kemuluran, nilai ketebalan, nilai daya serap air, dan berapa lama bioplastik ini dapat terurai. Penelitian ini berbasis eksperimen di laboratorium, dimulai dengan pembuatan ekstraksi pati, proses pembuatan bioplastik, proses pengujian, dan analisis data. Aditif lain yang digunakan adalah plasticizer, yang meliputi gliserol dan sorbitol, serta penambahan kitosan. Ada 2 variasi dalam penelitian ini. Variasi pertama adalah bioplastik dengan gliserol, sorbitol, dan campuran gliserol + sorbitol tanpa penambahan kitosan (A1, B1, dan C1), sedangkan variasi kedua adalah bioplastik dengan gliserol, plasticizer sorbitol, dan campuran gliserol + sorbitol. dengan penambahan kitosan (A2, B2, dan C2). Hasil uji kuat tarik bioplastik berbahan pati limbah kulit pisang berkisar antara 1,9 hingga 21,17 Mpa, dengan nilai kuat tarik tertinggi pada sampel B2 dan nilai kuat tarik terendah pada sampel A1. Nilai elongasi yang dihasilkan berkisar antara 12,62 hingga 64,22%, dengan nilai elongasi tertinggi pada sampel A1 dan nilai elongasi terendah pada sampel B2. Nilai serapan yang dihasilkan berkisar antara 43,4-120,2% dengan nilai serapan tertinggi adalah sampel B1 dan nilai serapan terendah adalah A2. Hasil uji biodegradabilitas menunjukkan bahwa bioplastik tanpa kitosan dapat terurai selama 14–15 hari, sedangkan bioplastik dengan kitosan dapat terurai dalam waktu 19–20 hari. Kata kunci: bioplastik, plasticizer, kitosan, pati kulit pisang raja bulu
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Bordeos, Maria Erica R., Flyndon Mark S. Dagalea, and Manuela Cecille G. Vicencio. "Characterization of a Bioplastic Product from the Ulva reticulata (Ribbon Sea Lettuce) Extract." Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences 14, no. 2 (March 30, 2024): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2301.
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Humans have a strong reliance in using petroleum-based plastics which take several decades to degrade and cause a lot of environmental problems such as pollution. This study intended to develop bioplastics from Ulva reticulata (Ribbon sea lettuce) and to determine the bioplastic’s physicochemical properties. The sample was collected in Allen, Northern Samar, Philippines, water samples were also collected. After the extraction, development of bioplastic from the sample extract commenced. The developed bioplastic underwent several test to check the stability of the product – its includes physicochemical analysis, tensile strength, thickness, moisture content, and soil degradation test. The Ribbon sea lettuce bioplastic solution was slightly acidic. The seaweed bioplastic have an average thickness of 0.30mm. The Ribbon sea lettuce bioplastic sample was both insoluble in the three solvents. The sample bioplastic can handle an average load of 55.12g. An average moisture content of 51.534% have been observed in the three trial of the seaweed bioplastic sample. The seaweed bioplastic sample naturally degraded during the soil biodegradation test and have lost an average weight percentage of 82.05% after 21 days of being buried in soil. The results showed that the seaweed bioplastic has a potential as an alternative to the non-biodegradable plastic and can be used in agricultural, industrial and economic purposes.
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Septiati, Yosephina Ardiani, Mimin Karmini, Ade Kamaludin, and Fatimah Fatimah. "Analisis Luas Bukaan Udara Penyimpanan Makanan terhadap Kadar Air dan Total Jamur Makanan Terkemas Bioplastik." Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia 23, no. 2 (May 7, 2024): 226–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkli.23.2.226-233.
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Latar belakang: Pengemas makanan berinteraksi dengan lingkungan dan makanan sehingga mempengaruhi kualitas makanan.Bioplastik berbasis pati bersifat penghalang tinggi terhadap uap air dan gas O2 yang dapat mengantikan palstik sintetis. Aman untuk makanan dan kesehatan karena tidak melepaskan polimer plastik kemakanan. Penyimpanan makanan dengan aliran udara rendah menyebabkan bioplastik berjamur. Aman untuk makanan dan kesehatan karena tidak melepaskan polimer plastik kemakanan. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh bukaan udara tempat penyimpanan makanan terhadap kadar air dan total jamur makanan terkemas bioplastik.Metode: Penelitian eksperimen skala lapangan, desain post test with control. Variabel penelitian yaitu bukaan udara tempat penyimpanan sebagai variabel independen dan variabel dependennya adalah kadar air dan total jamur pada dodol dikemas bioplastik. Sampel yang digunakan dodol Garut diambil secara acak. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Februari-September 2023. Data dikumpulkan melalui pemeriksaan fisik dan pemeriksaan laboratorium menggunakan mikrometer skrup, thermohygrometer, timbangan analitik dan coloni counter. Analisis deskriptif untuk ketebalan bioplastik, dan uji kruskal wallis untuk pengaruh luas bukaan udara terhadap total jamur dan kadar air makanan. Hasil: Bioplastik penambahan 4 ml gliserol dengan ketebalan 0,026 mm, mampu menghalangi pencemar terbesar pada luas bukaan udara tempat penyimpanan makanan 262,60 mm2 dan 423,90 mm2 dengan kadar air dan total jamur terendah. Menunjukan ada pengaruh luas bukaan udara tempat penyimpanan makanan terhadap kadar air dan kandungan Total jamur makanan.Simpulan: Paparan lingkungan mempengaruhi bioplastik sebagai pengemas, mencegah paparan air dan Total Jamur pada makanan, sehingga bioplastik dapat menjadi alternatif sebagai pengemas primer dodol. ABSTRACTTitle: Analysis of The Area of Air Release in The Storage Area on The Air Content and Total Fungi on Bioplastic Packaged.Background: Food packaging interacts with the environment and food, thus affecting food quality. Starch-based bioplastics have a high barrier to water vapor and O2 gas which can replace synthetic plastics. Safe for food and health because it does not release food plastic polymers. Food store with low air flow causes bioplastics to fungus quickly.The research aims to analyze the effect of destroying the air in food storage areas on the air and total fungus content of bioplastic packaged foods.Method: Field-scale experimental research, post-test design with control. The independent variable was air release from the storage area and the dependent variable was water content and total fungus in dodol packaged in bioplastic. The sample was Garut dodol, taken using a random sampling technique. The research was carried out in February-September 2023. Data was collected through physical test and laboratory test using a screw micrometer, thermohygrometer, analytical balance, and colony counter. Descriptive analysis for bioplastic thickness, and the Kruskal Wallis test to influence the area of air openings on total fungus and food moisture content.Results: Bioplastic with the addition of 4 ml of glycerol with a thickness of 0.026 mm, was able to block the largest pollutants in the air permit area of food storage areas of 262.60 mm2 and 423.90 mm2 with the lowest water content and total Fungus. Shows the influence of the air area where food is stored on the air content and total food fungus content.Conclusion: Environmental exposure affects bioplastics as packaging, preventing exposure to water content and total of fungus in food, so bioplastics can be an alternative as primary packaging for dodol.
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Fathurohman, Viki, Darmawan Alisaputra, and Endaruji Sedyadi. "The Effect of Addition of Avocado Fruit Seeds On Bioplastic Biodegradation." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 3 (April 30, 2020): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/icse.v3.547.
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Bioplastics can be made with chitosan as a base material with a sorbitol plasticizer and avocado-based seed starch. This study tries to discuss the comparison of avocado seeds to bioplastic biodegradability required based on weight loss in soil media. This research was carried out in empathic, namely making avocado starch, making bioplastics, analyzing bioplastic functional groups, and testing biodegradation of bioplastics in soil media. Variations used are avocado seeds used are 0; 0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 0.7; and 1.4 grams. Bioplastic functional group analysis was performed using FTIR. Bioplastic biodegradability in soil media. Bioplastics are 76% degraded within 12 days in the soil. This shows that bioplastics can be biodegradable.
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Shrestha, Ankita, Mieke C. A. A. van-Eerten Jansen, and Bishnu Acharya. "Biodegradation of Bioplastic Using Anaerobic Digestion at Retention Time as per Industrial Biogas Plant and International Norms." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (May 21, 2020): 4231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104231.
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Bioplastics are gaining interest as an alternative to fossil-based plastics. In addition, biodegradable bioplastics may yield biogas after their use, giving an additional benefit. However, the biodegradability time in international norms (35 days) far exceeds processing times in anaerobic digestion facilities (21 days). As the bioplastic packaging does not indicate the actual biodegradability, it is important to understand the time required to biodegrade bioplastic if it ends up in the anaerobic digestion facility along with other organic waste. For this work, cellulose bioplastic film and polylactic acid (PLA) coffee capsules were digested anaerobically at 55 ℃ for 21 days and 35 days, which are the retention times for industrial digestors and as set by international norms, respectively. Different sizes of bioplastics were examined for this work. Bioplastic film produced more biogas than bioplastic coffee capsules. The biodegradability of bioplastic was calculated based on theoretical biogas production. With an increase in retention time, biogas production, as well as biodegradability of bioplastic, increased. The biodegradability was less than 50% at the end of 35 days for both bioplastics, suggesting that complete degradation was not achieved, and thus, the bioplastic would not be suitable for use in biogas digesters currently in use.
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Sriyana, Herman Yoseph, Lucia Hermawati Rahayu, and Margaretta Ema Febriana. "BIOPLASTIK DARI LIMBAH KULIT BUAH NANAS DENGAN MODIFIKASI GLISEROL DAN KITOSAN." Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia 8, no. 1 (February 15, 2023): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31942/inteka.v18i1.8094.
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Plastik konvensional yang saat ini sering digunakan berasal dari polimer minyak bumi yang tidak dapat diperbaharui dan sulit terurai oleh mikroorganisme sehingga mencemari lingkungan. Bioplastik merupakan solusi untuk mengatasi pencemaran lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh plastik yang tidak mudah terurai. Bioplastik adalah plastik yang terbuat dari bahan alam yang mampu terurai oleh mikroorganisme. Bahan alam yang memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai bahan dasar bioplastik adalah kulit buah nanas yang memiliki kandungan selulosa dan zat gula sebesar 52.05 %. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pembuatan bioplastik dari kulit buah nanas dengan penambahan gliserol dan kitosan. Variasi gliserol yang digunakan adalah 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% dan variasai kitosan yang digunakan 0%,1%, 2%, 4%, 5%. Parameter bioplastik yang diukur pada penelitian ini meliputi uji ketebalan, tensile strength, dan ketahanan air. Hasil bioplastik terbaik diperoleh pada penambahan kitosan 5% dan gliserol 5%, dengan sifat fisik biplastik yaitu ketebalan sebesar 0,17 mm, tensile strength sebesar 40,9 MPa, dan ketahanan air sebesar 100%.
Kata kunci: bioplastik, gliserol, kitosan, kulit buah nanas
Abstract
Conventional plastics that are currently often used are derived from petroleum polymers which are non-renewable and difficult to decompose by microorganisms, thus polluting the environment. Bioplastics are a solution to overcome environmental pollution caused by plastics that do not decompose easily. Bioplastics are plastics made from natural materials that can be decomposed by microorganisms. Natural materials that have the potential to be used as basic ingredients for bioplastics are pineapple peels which contain 52.05% cellulose and sugars. The purpose of this study was to determine the manufacture of bioplastics from pineapple peels with the addition of glycerol and chitosan. Variations of glycerol used were 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and variations of chitosan used were 0%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 5%. Bioplastic parameters measured in this study included thickness, tensile strength, and water resistance tests. The best bioplastic results were obtained by adding 5% chitosan and 5% glycerol, with the physical properties of biplastic, namely a thickness of 0.17 mm, a tensile strength of 40.9 MPa, and a water resistance of 100%.
Keywords: bioplastics, glycerol, chitosan, pineapple peel
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C. Usha and M. Meera. "Fabrication and Characterization of Bioplastic films using Ipomoea batatas." Ecology, Environment and Conservation 29, no. 04 (2023): 1820–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i04.061.
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The development of eco-friendly bioplastics is a fascinating and need of the hour. This study aimed to develop bioplastic films using starch extracted from Ipomoea batatas. The bioplastic films were fabricated by casting method. The produced bioplastic films were characterized morphologically and chemically by scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscope. Further, the bioplastic films were assessed for its biodegradability by soil burial method. This study revealed that the developed bioplastic films had notable biodegradability when compared to synthetic polypropylene plastic. In future, the fabricated bioplastics will be evaluated for its mechanical stability, tensile strength and its possible application in commercial purposes.
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Purnavita, Sari, Dyionisius Yoga Subandriyo, and Ayu Anggraeni. "Penambahan Gliserol terhadap Karakteristik Bioplastik dari Komposit Pati Aren dan Glukomanan." METANA 16, no. 1 (May 23, 2020): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/metana.v16i1.29977.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rasio glukomanan dan pati aren dengan penambahan gliserol terhadap karakteristik bioplastik yang dihasilkan. Pembuatan bioplastik dilakukan dengan mencampurkan larutan glukomanan dan larutan pati aren, selanjutnya dilakukan penambahan gliserol dan poli vinil alkohol. Campuran tersebut dipanaskan pada suhu 80°C selama 20 menit, hasil pencampuran kemudian dimasukkan cetakan dan dikeringkan dengan oven hingga menjadi lembaran, Selanjutnya bioplastik tersebut diuji karakteristiknya yang meliputi ketahanan air, tensile strength dan tensile elongation. Rasio glukomanan terhadap pati aren yaitu 1:0,5 ; 1:1 ; 1:1,5 ; dan 1:2 Serta jumlah penambahan gliserol yaitu : 0 ml dan 10 ml. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berbagai rasio glukomanan dan pati aren dengan penambahan gliserol berpengaruh terhadap karakteristik bioplastik. Pada penambahan gliserol 0 ml (tanpa gliserol), komposit bioplastik dengan perbandingan glukomanan : pati aren sebesar 1:1 menghasilkan nilai ketahanan terhadap air yang tertinggi , nilai tensile strength yang cukup tinggi, dan morfologi yang baik, tetapi nilai tensile elongation rendah. Sedangkan pada percobaan dengan penambahan gliserol 10 ml, komposit bioplastik dengan perbandingan glukomanan : pati aren sebesar 1:1 menghasilkan nilai tensile elongatiom yang tertinggi, morfologi bagus tetapi nilai tensile strength dan ketahanan airnya rendah. Aim of this research to determine the effect of glucomannan ratio and sugar palm starch with the addition of glycerol to the bioplastic characteristics. Making of bioplastics by mixing glucomannan solution and sugar palm starch solution, then addition of glycerol and polyvinyl alcohol. The mixture is heated at 80° C for 20 minutes, the result of mixing afer that put into a mold and dried in the oven until it becomes a sheet. After that, the characteristics of the bioplastics were tested which included water resistance, tensile strength and tensile elongation. The ratio of glucomannan to sugar palm starch is 1:0.5; 1:1; 1:1,5; and 1:2 And the amount of glycerol addition are: 0 ml and 10 ml. The results showed that the ratio of sugar palm starch and glucomannan with the addition of glycerol affected the bioplastic characteristics. At the addition of glycerol 0 ml, bioplastic composites with glucomane: palm starch ratio of 1:1 produce the highest water resistance value, high tensile strength value, and good morfology but low tensile elongation value. Whereas in experiments with the addition of 10 ml of glycerol, bioplastic composites with a glucomane: palm starch ratio of 1:1 produced the highest tensile elongatiom value and good morfology result but the value of tensile strength and water resistance was low
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Djonaedi, Emmidia, Endang Yuniarti, Rachmah N. Kartika, Kenanga Indah, Nafi’ah Ariq, and N. Asni. "Morphology and Decomposing Ability of Composite Bioplastic Carrageenan In Water And Soil." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1177, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 012051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1177/1/012051.
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Abstract Bioplastic should have the capability to dissolve in water and decompose in soil. However, bioplastics sold in the market need time to release their natural ingredients in water and soil. While bioplastics were made by mixing organic and inorganic materials to enhance their durability, they also increase the difficulty of decomposing in soil and water. Composite Bioplastic from carrageenan, Poly Vinyl Alcohol, and adding TiO2 must be researched to ensure bioplastic and its composites are easily assimilated with microorganisms in water and soil. This research uses two characteristics of water (neutral water and alkali water) and two characteristics of soil (neutral soiland compost from leftovers) as a decomposing media. Afterward eight days of observation in decomposing media, it is found that bioplastic from carrageenan + PVA and carrageenan + TiO2 lost almost 100% decompose in mixed soil. In contrast, the marketable bioplastic only 20% lost its weight. The surface structures immersed in various solutions are not significantly different from the initial look. Both composite bioplastics from carrageenan and marketable bioplastic enhance its weight while soaking in distillate water for two hours. The most significant water absorption is composite bioplastic from carrageenan with Polyvinyl Alcohol. Composite bioplastic from Carrageenan was also partially soluble within 8 days of immersion, and the biggest percentage of solubility test was bioplastic with an acid solution.
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Uma Fadzilia Arifin. "PENGARUH TINGKAT KEASAMAN GELATINISASI PADA SINTESIS BIOPLASTIK DARI PATI KETAN BERPENGUAT SERBUK DAUN BAMBU." Berkala Penelitian Teknologi Kulit, Sepatu, dan Produk Kulit 21, no. 2 (August 31, 2022): 257–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.58533/bptkspk.v21i2.179.
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Bioplastic is organic-based plastics that offers eco-friendly and safe for human health properties. The plastic versatility in life requires the sustainable development of bioplastic synthesis to be carried out to produce bioplastics that can replace the function of plastics. One alternative for bioplastic synthesis is to produce biocomposite of glutinous rice starch reinforced by bamboo leaf powder. The parameters of bioplastic synthesis process have important role to produce bioplastics with certain characteristics. This research aims to study the effect of gelatization acidity on bioplastics synthesis from glutinous rice flour reinforced by bamboo leaf powder. The gelatinization process in bioplastic production was carried out under various acidity degree (pH 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7). The results showed that the recommended gelatinization process was under acidic conditions (pH 5) to obtain viscosity value was 208 cm2/s, water content was 34.27% and density was 1.326 g/mL. In addition, the pH value of 5 in gelatinization process also obtained tensile strength was 3.118 MPa and elongation percentage was 36.111% of bioplastic. Therefore, it can be concluded that the acidity of the gelatinization process affects the quality of the bioplastic produced.
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Khotimah, Khusnul, Ali Ridlo, and Chrisna Adhi Suryono. "Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik Bioplastik Komposit dari Alginat dan Karagenan." Journal of Marine Research 11, no. 3 (July 4, 2022): 409–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmr.v11i3.33865.
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Sampah plastik di Indonesia mencapai 64 juta ton setiap tahunnya dan 3,2 juta ton diantaranya dibuang ke laut, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk menciptakan plastik yang ramah lingkungan (bioplastik). Alginat dan karagenan merupakan polisakarida yang dihasilkan dari rumput laut yang berpotensi sebagai bahan pembuat bioplastik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh karagenan terhadap karakteristik bioplastik komposit alginat-karagenan dengan pemlastis gliserol. Alginat diperoleh dari ekstraksi Sargassum sp. dan karagenan diperoleh dari ekstraksi Kappaphycus sp. yang berasal dari Jepara, Jawa Tengah. Bioplastik dibuat dengan cara mencampurkan 1 gram alginat dan berbagai konsentrasi karagenan (1,5; 2,0; 2,5; 3,0; 3,5 gram) dalam 100 ml akuades yang diaduk dengan magnetic stirer selama 30 menit pada suhu 90oC. Gliserol sebanyak 10 ml ditambahkan ke dalam campuran dan dihomogenkan kembali selama 15 menit. Bioplastik dicetak dengan pelat kaca dan dikeringkan dalam oven pada suhu 50oC selama 18 jam, kemudian dilepaskan dari cetakan dan dicelupkan ke dalam larutan CaCl2 2%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi karagenan berpengaruh (p<0,05) terhadap sifat mekanik (kuat tarik dan elongasi) dan sifat fisik (ketebalan, keburaman dan biodegradabilitas), tetapi tidak berpengaruh (p>0,05) pada ketahanan air bioplastik. Konsentrasi karagenan terbaik bioplastik komposit alginat-karagenan adalah 1,5 gram karena memiliki sifat fisik dan mekanik yang telah memenuhi Japanese Industrial Standard dan SNI 7188.7:2016 kecuali pada ketahanan airnya. Plastic waste in Indonesia reaches 64 million tons annually and 3.2 million tons of them are dumped into the sea, so research is needed to create environmentally friendly plastics (bioplastics). Alginate and carrageenan are polysaccharides produced from seaweed that have the potential to be used as bioplastics. This study aims to determine the effect of carrageenan on the bioplastic characteristics of alginate-carrageenan composites with glycerol as a plasticizer. Alginate obtained from the extraction of Sargassum sp. and carrageenan obtained from the extraction of Kappaphycus sp. from Jepara, Central Java. Bioplastics were made by mixing 1 gram of alginate and various concentrations of carrageenan (1.5; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 3.5 grams) in 100 ml of distilled water which was stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes at 90oC. 10 ml of glycerol was added to the mixture and homogenized again for 15 minutes. The bioplastic was molded on a glass plate and dried in an oven at 50oC for 18 hours, then removed from the mold and immersed in a 2% CaCl2 solution. The results showed that carrageenan concentration had an effect (p<0.05) on mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation) and physical properties (thickness, opacity and biodegradability), but had no effect (p>0.05) on water resistance of bioplastics. The best carrageenan concentration of alginate-carrageenan composite bioplastic is 1.5 grams because it has physical and mechanical properties that meet the Japanese Industrial Standard and SNI 7188.7:2016 except for its water resistance.
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Buddhakala, Moragote, and Nopparat Buddhakala. "Physical, Mechanical and Antibacterial Properties of Biodegradable Bioplastics from Polylactic Acid and Corncob Fibers with Added Nano Titanium Dioxide." Trends in Sciences 20, no. 4 (February 18, 2023): 6473. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2023.6473.
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The objective of this research was to investigate the mechanical, physical and antibacterial activities and biodegradability properties of bioplastics from polylactic acid (PLA) and corncob fibers (CF). The bioplastics were prepared by mixing PLA and CF at different ratios (100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50 % w:w) in the internal mixer and molding was done by using the hot-compressing molding method. The results demonstrated the decrease in tensile strength and elongation at break with increased in CF. Young’s modulus was found to be highest in the 70 %PLA: 30 %CF bioplastic, however, it decreased when the CF was increased. The hardness and water absorption were dependent on CF concentration. SEM analysis revealed the well dispersion of CF in PLA matrix. PLA matrix and increasing of CF induced in CF agglomeration. To develop PLA/CE plastic for antibacterial food packaging application, its antibacterial activity was conducted. The antibacterial determination revealed that 70 %PLA: 30 %CF containing 2 % TiO2 bioplastic exhibited the highest inhibition against E. Coli, S. aureus and B. subtilis. The results obtained from this research indicate that the bioplastics prepared from polylactic acid and corncob fibers is biodegradable bioplastics and can be used as alternate synthetic plastics. The bioplastic with 2 %TiO2 added can be utilized potentially for expected antibacterial food packaging. HIGHLIGHTS The bioplastics prepared from polylactic acid and corncob fibers (PLA/CF) is a biodegradable bioplastic PLA/CF bioplastic with the addition of 1 % TiO2 possesses antibacterial property Corncob fibers decrease tensile strength, elongation at break and Young’s modulus of the PLA/CF bioplastic Corncob fibers increase the hardness and water absorption of the PLA/CF bioplastic Increasing concentration of corncob fibers causes the agglomeration of corncob fibers in the PLA/CF bioplastic GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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Jufri, Muh, Retno Ariadi Lusiana, and Nor Basid Adiwibawa Prasetya. "Effects of Additional Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) on the Physiochemical Properties of Chitosan-Glutaraldehyde-Gelatine Bioplastic." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 25, no. 3 (March 23, 2022): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.25.3.130-136.
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This study investigated the effects of additional PVA on the physicochemical properties of the chitosan-glutaraldehyde/gelatin bioplastic composite. The best results of the bioplastic film were obtained at a concentration of 3% PVA, with a tensile strength value of 3.3 MPa, flexibility reached 54%, a thickness value of 0.24 mm, percentage of inhibition against E. coli and S. aureus was 21.8% and 8.8% respectively. The FTIR spectrum results showed no change in the wavenumber of the chitosan and gelatin chitosan spectrum with OH, CO, and NH functional groups. The spectrum indicates that only physical interactions occurred. The bioplastics are similar in thermal stability and have slight differences in bioplastic morphological contours. The average thickness of the bioplastics is between 0.20–0.26 mm. Based on the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS), all bioplastics meet the standard thickness, which is < 0.25 mm, excluding chitosan, which has a thickness of 0.26 mm. The addition of PVA into the bioplastics structure increased the hydrophobicity, pH resistance, and flexibility of bioplastics. Meanwhile, additional PVA decreased biodegradability, only degraded by 60% at eight weeks. Based on these data, not all bioplastics can meet the degradation time criteria set by the international bioplastic standard ASTM D-6002, that bioplastics must be 100% degraded within eight weeks. Bioplastics made from chitosan and chitosan-gelatin have been degraded by 90% for 48 weeks. Based on the antibacterial properties, the inclusion of PVA into the bioplastic structure enhances the antibacterial properties.
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Elkaliny, Nehal E., Nurah M. Alzamel, Shaaban H. Moussa, Nour I. Elodamy, Engy A. Madkor, Esraa M. Ibrahim, Mostafa E. Elshobary, and Gehan A. Ismail. "Macroalgae Bioplastics: A Sustainable Shift to Mitigate the Ecological Impact of Petroleum-Based Plastics." Polymers 16, no. 9 (April 29, 2024): 1246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16091246.
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The surge in global utilization of petroleum-based plastics, which notably heightened during the COVID-19 pandemic, has substantially increased its harm to ecosystems. Considering the escalating environmental impact, a pivotal shift towards bioplastics usage is imperative. Exploring and implementing bioplastics as a viable alternative could mitigate the ecological burden posed by traditional plastics. Macroalgae is a potential feedstock for the production of bioplastics due to its abundance, fast growth, and high cellulose and sugar content. Researchers have recently explored various methods for extracting and converting macroalgae into bioplastic. Some of the key challenges in the production of macroalgae bioplastics are the high costs of large-scale production and the need to optimize the extraction and conversion processes to obtain high-quality bioplastics. However, the potential benefits of using macroalgae for bioplastic production include reducing plastic waste and greenhouse gas emissions, using healthier materials in various life practices, and developing a promising area for future research and development. Also, bioplastic provides job opportunities in free enterprise and contributes to various applications such as packaging, medical devices, electronics, textiles, and cosmetics. The presented review aims to discuss the problem of petroleum-based plastic, bioplastic extraction from macroalgae, bioplastic properties, biodegradability, its various applications, and its production challenges.
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Kong, Uwei, Nurul Fazita Mohammad Rawi, and Guan Seng Tay. "The Potential Applications of Reinforced Bioplastics in Various Industries: A Review." Polymers 15, no. 10 (May 22, 2023): 2399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15102399.
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The introduction of bioplastics has been an evolution for plastic industry since conventional plastics have been claimed to cause several environmental issues. Apart from its biodegradability, one of the advantages can be identified of using bioplastic is that they are produced by renewal resources as the raw materials for synthesis. Nevertheless, bioplastics can be classified into two types, which are biodegradable and non-biodegradable, depending on the type of plastic that is produced. Although some of the bioplastics are non-biodegradable, the usage of biomass in synthesising the bioplastics helps in preserving non-renewable resources, which are petrochemical, in producing conventional plastics. However, the mechanical strength of bioplastic still has room for improvement as compared to conventional plastics, which is believed to limit its application. Ideally, bioplastics need to be reinforced for improving their performance and properties to serve their application. Before 21st century, synthetic reinforcement has been used to reinforce conventional plastic to achieve its desire properties to serve its application, such as glass fiber. Owing to several issues, the trend has been diversified to utilise natural resources as reinforcements. There are several industries that have started to use reinforced bioplastic, and this article focuses on the advantages of using reinforced bioplastic in various industries and its limitations. Therefore, this article aims to study the trend of reinforced bioplastic applications and the potential applications of reinforced bioplastics in various industries.
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Werapun, U., W. Werapun, and A. Phatthiya. "Characterization of composite bioplastic from Cassava starch with titanium dioxide and zinc oxide." Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 19, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/djnb.2024.191.275.
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This study focused on bioplastics and composite bioplastics with incorporated ZnO and TiO2. The ZnO gave a film more transparent than that made with TiO2. The effects of these additives on physical and mechanical properties, biodegradability, surface morphology, and thermal properties of the films were investigated. The functional groups O-H, C-H, C=O, and C-O in the bioplastic and the composites were confirmed by FT-IR. The addition of ZnO and TiO2 could increase thermal stability. The composites exhibited higher tensile strength than the control bioplastic film. The bioplastic film was 100% biodegradable compared to 14.71% and 14.59% for ZnO and TiO2 containing bioplastic films, respectively.
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Budiman, M. A., Uju, and K. Tarman. "A Review on the difference of physical and mechanical properties of bioplastic from seaweed hydrocolloids with various plasticizers." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 967, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/967/1/012012.
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Abstract Seaweed hydrocolloids such as alginate and carrageenan extracted from brown and red algae have the potential to be developed as bioplastic. Bioplastic is a polymer from natural materials that are biodegradable. Alginate and carrageenan-based bioplastics are brittle and inelastic. Plasticizers such as glycerol, sorbitol and polyethylene glycol can be added to formulate plastic to improve its properties. The aim of the research was to review the physico-chemical properties of the bioplastic made from seaweed hydrocolloids with various additions of plasticizers. The data used in this study were taken from several accredited national journals and international publications. The data were presented quantitatively and synthesized narratively to answer the hypothesis of the study. The results showed that the addition of plasticizer in bioplastic preparation affected the physico-chemical properties of bioplastics. The thickness and elongation at break of bioplastic increased after the addition of plasticizers. However, the tensile strength of the bioplastic has decreased after added with plasticizer.
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Tan, Shiou Xuan, Andri Andriyana, Hwai Chyuan Ong, Steven Lim, Yean Ling Pang, and Gek Cheng Ngoh. "A Comprehensive Review on the Emerging Roles of Nanofillers and Plasticizers towards Sustainable Starch-Based Bioplastic Fabrication." Polymers 14, no. 4 (February 10, 2022): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14040664.
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Petroleum-based plastics are associated with environmental pollution problems owing to their non-biodegradable and toxic properties. In this context, renewable and biodegradable bioplastics possess great potential to replace petroleum-based plastics in mitigating these environmental issues. Fabrication of bioplastic films involves a delicate mixture of the film-forming agent, plasticizer and suitable solvent. The role of the plasticizer is to improve film flexibility, whereas the filler serves as a reinforcement medium. In recent years, much research attention has been shifted toward devising diverse methods for enhancing the performance of bioplastics, particularly in the utilization of environmentally benign nanoparticles to displace the conventional hazardous chemicals. Along this line, this paper presents the emergence of nanofillers and plasticizers utilized in bioplastic fabrication with a focus on starch-based bioplastics. This review paper not only highlights the influencing factors that affect the optical, mechanical and barrier properties of bioplastics, but also revolves around the proposed mechanism of starch-based bioplastic formation, which has rarely been reviewed in the current literature. To complete the review, prospects and challenges in bioplastic fabrication are also highlighted in order to align with the concept of the circular bioplastic economy and the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals.
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Ma’arif, Lukman, Ulia Fitrass, and Endaruji Sedyadi. "Bioplastic Biodegradation Based on Ganyong Umbi States with Addition of Sorbitol and CMC (Carboxy Methil Cellulose) In Soil Media." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 3 (April 30, 2020): 429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/icse.v3.541.
Full textAbstract:
Bioplastics made using the basic ingredients of canna tuber starch with sorbitol plasticizer and the addition of CMC variations have been carried out. This study aims to understand the effect of adding CMC to the mechanical properties and biodegradability of bioplastics in soil media. This research was carried out with 4 stages of work namely, extraction of starch from canna tubers, synthesis of bioplastic manufacturing using the blending method, testing mechanical properties in the form of thickness, tensile strength, elongation, and young modulus. Characteristics of functional groups have been tested using FTIR and bioplastic biodegradability testing has been carried out on soil media for 21 days by looking at weight loss from bioplastics. The variation of adding CMC used is 0; 0.25; 0.5; 0.75; 1; 1.25; 1.5 and 2 grams. The best mechanical properties are produced with thickness of 0.0795 mm, tensile strength of 27.53 MPa, elongation of 3.018% and young modulus of 885.66 MPa. The results of bioplastic biodegradation testing on soil media for 21 days showed that bioplastics made were biodegradable. Reduction of bioplastic mass in soil media by 86,032%.
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Ramadhani, Ajeng Ayu, and Nirmala Fitria Firdhausi. "Potensi Limbah Sisik Ikan Sebagai Kitosan dalam Pembuatan Bioplastik." JURNAL Al-AZHAR INDONESIA SERI SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI 6, no. 2 (September 27, 2021): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.36722/sst.v6i2.782.
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<p><strong>Bioplastics are environmentally friendly plastics derived from natural materials. Bioplastics are easier to decompose when compared to commercial plastics. Bioplastics are generally made from starch contained in plants. But the use of starch as a base material has the disadvantage of producing bioplastics that are not waterproof. Therefore, it is necessary to add chitosan to improve bioplastic characteristics. Chitosan usually comes from the shell of crustacean animals, but it turns out that in fish scales waste, also contains chitosan. Fish scales are a by-product of the process of fish processing. Fish scales are only discarded and not utilized so that they become waste that can pollute the environment. Fish scales have a chitin content that can process into chitosan, which can be useful as an additional ingredient in the manufacture of bioplastics. This review aims to find out the potential of fish scales waste as chitosan in the manufacture of bioplastics. Based on the results of previous research, fish scales have a chitosan content that can use as an additional ingredient in the manufacture of bioplastics. Fish scale chitosan can form bioplastic film with characteristic brownish-yellow film. The addition of fish scale chitosan is also able to improve the water resistance of bioplastic film. Based on the results of the review can be concluded bring fish scales to have the potential as chitosan that can use in the manufacture of bioplastic.</strong></p><p><strong>Keywords –</strong> <em>Bioplastic, Chitosan, Fish Scales.</em></p><p> </p>
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Alfarisi, Cory Dian, Yulia Fitri, and Detria Khaerun Nisa. "Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Biji Durian pada Pembuatan Bioplastik." BIOSAINTROPIS (BIOSCIENCE-TROPIC) 7, no. 1 (August 31, 2021): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33474/e-jbst.v7i1.385.
Full textAbstract:
Plastic is a type of packaging that is often used in everyday life, however, in general, the plastic used is synthetic plastic which takes a very long time to decompose. Bioplastic is an environmentally friendly plastic film made from organic materials so that it can decompose naturally with the help of microorganisms. This study aims to determine the effects which have the potential as a supporting material in increasing bioplastic characteristics such as thickness, water absorption and biodegradation. The research method was to use experiment and analysis of varian. Durian seed flour is carried out through a process of sorting, washing, stripping, soaking, slicing, drying, packing and storing. Meanwhile, the method of making bioplastics is done by mixing tapioca flour, cornstarch, durian seed flour of adding various durian seed flour: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 grams, distilled water, acetic acid and glycerin. The analysis results obtained on the test of bioplastic characteristics, namely, thickness test ranging from 0.63 mm - 0.84 mm and water resistance test ranging from 71,43%-86,54% which water absorption test ranging from 13.46% - 28.57% and the biodegradability test ranging from 17.78% - 47 , 06%.
Keywords: durian seeds, bioplastics, biodegradability, flour
ABSTRAK
Plastik adalah jenis pengemas yang sering dimanfaatkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, akan tetapi pada umumnya plastik yang digunakan merupakan plastik sintetik yang membutuhkan waktu yang sangat lama untuk terurai. Bioplastik merupakan film plastik yang ramah lingkungan yang terbuat dari bahan-bahan organik sehingga dapat terurai secara alami dengan bantuan mikroorganisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung biji durian yang berpotensi sebagai bahan penunjang dalam meningkatkan karakteristik bioplastik seperti ketebalan, ketahanan terhadap air dan biodegradasi. Metode penelitian adalah menggunakan eksperimen dan sidik ragam data. Tepung biji durian dilakukan melalui proses penyortiran, pencucian, pengupasan, perendaman, pengirisan, pengeringan, penepungan dan penyimpanan. Sedangkan untuk metode pembuatan bioplastik dilakukan dengan mencampurkan tepung tapioka, tepung maizena, tepung biji durian dengan variasi: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 gram, akuades, asam asetat dan gliserin. Hasil analisa yang didapat pada pengujian karakteristik bioplastik yaitu, uji ketebalan yang berkisar 0,63 mm – 0,84 mm, uji ketahanan terhadap air yang berkisar 71,43%-86,54% dengan penyerapan air berkisar 13,46 % - 28,57% dan uji biodegradibilitas yang berkisar 17,78% - 47,06%.
Kata kunci: biji durian, bioplastik, biodegradibilitas, tepung.
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Wong, Y. C., and D. N. Roma. "Potential of the biodegradability and characteristics of bio-plastic from microalgae residues." Algologia 31, no. 1 (March 2021): 80–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/alg31.01.080.
Full textAbstract:
Petroleum-based plastic has been widely used in many industries. However, it takes hundreds of years to degrade and causes widespread pollution to our environment. These problems led to the invention of bioplastics, which were comprised of natural biopolymers made from starch. The production of bioplastics from food-based starches such as tapioca and corn created competition between food and bioplastic production industries. Hence, this research study focuses on producing bioplastic from microalgae residue, which is a non-food based raw material that uses four different types of plasticizers: glycerol, sorbitol, glutaraldehyde and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Microalgae species for identification were obtained from the fish pond at the University Malaysia of Kelantan, before cultivating the species for 14 days. The microalgae residues were extracted through the centrifugation process. Three species were identified under the light microscope, Chlorella sp., Scenedesmus sp. and Monoraphidium sp. The production of bioplastic involved a manual stirring method using a hotplate magnetic stirrer, followed by drying the bioplastic in an oven at 60 oC. Results obtained showed that sorbitol and glycerol from microalgae are suitable to be used as a plasticizer for the production of bioplastic, however glutaraldehyde and PEG are not suitable. Bioplastics that used PEG and glutaraldehyde became cracked and brittle after the drying process. The characterization of bioplastics includes universal tensile testing machines, Fourier-transform infrared analysis and biodegradability tests being processed//undertaken on glycerol-based and sorbitol based bioplastic. Characterization of bioplastics proved that both glycerol and sorbitol have high potential for applications in daily human life. Bioplastics which used sorbitol as a plasticizer could be used in can be applied the production of plastic goods such as toys and household items due to its good resistance toward stress and minimal flexibility. Meanwhile bioplastics which used glycerol as a plasticizer could be applied to the production of plastic bags and plastic food wrap due to its elastic and flexible nature.
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Listyarini, Risnita Vicky, Puspita Ratna Susilawati, Rosalia Cahyaningrum, and Nely Tonapa. "Karakterisasi Bioplastik dari Pektin Kulit Labu Kuning (Cucurbita moschata Durch)." Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia 8, no. 1 (June 17, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/hjkk.v8i1.2559.
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Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Durch) is one of the vegetable plants that are generally consumed as food. Pumpkin skin is a waste that has potential as a raw material for making bioplastics because it has pectin content. The characteristics of pectin that are gel become a reference in making bioplastics. Bioplastic synthesis consists of four steps, namely the making of pumpkin peel flour, pectin extraction, bioplastic synthesis, and bioplastic characterization. The experimental results show that pumpkin skin waste can be extracted with HCl solution and produce pectin in a ratio of0.1:10 grams (w/w). The results of FTIR spectra characterization showed that bioplastics included pectin which produced absorption of C = O carbonyl groups in 1645 - 1625 cm-1 and C-O stretch groups at 1101 - 1104 cm-1. Bioplastics produced have yellow characteristic. Pumpkin skin waste bioplastics are expected to be an alternative solution to the utilization of waste into products.
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Rusdi, Suharno, Imam Nurrahman, Wildan Nur Rizki, and Achmad Chafidz. "The Effect of Beeswax and Glycerol Addition on the Performance of Bioplastic Film Made of Konjac Glucomannan." Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan 11, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jbat.v11i2.40122.
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In this study, bioplastics made of Konjac glucomannan have been successfully prepared via film casting method. The effects of addition of beeswax content (i.e. of 0%, 0.5%, and 1%,), as well as glycerol content (i.e. 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) on the properties of the bioplastics have been investigated. The bioplastics produced have been characterized for their tensile strength, percent elongation, swelling degree, and biodegradability. The results of this study, showed that most of the bioplastic samples have weight loss of about 95% after the drying process as well as the finished film. The addition of beeswax and glycerol concentrations also increased tensile strength and percent elongation of the bioplastics. The highest value of tensile strength occurred at bioplastic film with a concentration of 1.5% beeswax and 1% glycerol (i.e. Sample C3) with a value of approximately 3.5 MPa. Whereas, the highest percent elongation value occurred at bioplastic film with a concentration of 1.5% beeswax and 1% glycerol (i.e. Sample C3) with a value of approximately 23.29%. These tensile and percent elongation values were higher or comparable to other bioplastic samples made from starch of different raw materials reported by literatures. In the other hand, the addition of beeswax and glycerol decreased the degree of swelling. The degree of swelling for all the bioplastic film samples were in the range of 316.77 – 481%.
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Chapain, Khagendra, Sambridhi Shah, Binod Shrestha, Rajendra Joshi, Naresh Raut, and Rajesh Pandit. "Effect of Plasticizers on the Physicochemical properties of Bioplastic Extracted from Banana Peels." Journal of Institute of Science and Technology 26, no. 2 (December 29, 2021): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jist.v26i2.41423.
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Plasticizers are the binding substances used to increase the elasticity of materials. In this research work, bioplastic is extracted from banana peels using various plasticizers such as, glycerol, urea, distilled water and glucose. The prepared bioplastics were characterized by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis which showed that the peak at 3355 cm-1 indicate the H-bonding formation between N-H urea and starch. The physicochemical properties such as water absorption test, soil decomposition and load test of synthesized bioplastics were analyzed at ambient temperature. The water uptake analysis showed that bioplastic absorbs water for up to 4 days without being decay. The load test showed that urea plasticized bioplastic has a high tensile strength of 2.3 KPa. The result revealed that the bioplastic with glucose as a plasticizer showed the effective result in water uptake and soil decomposition test whereas the urea plasticized bioplastic showed relatively good tensile strength.
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Udjiana, S. Sigit, Sigit Hadiantoro, Anang Takwanto, and Anugrah Windy Mustikarini. "Peningkatan Karakteristik Biodegradable Plastics dari Kulit Pisang Candi dengan Penambahan Filler Kalsium Silikat dan Clay." Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan 4, no. 2 (October 27, 2020): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v4i2.135.
Full textAbstract:
Biodegradable plastics adalah plastik yang memiliki sifat ramah lingkungan. Kulit pisang candi berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan bioplastik karena mengandung pati sebesar 28,488 %. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh plasticizer (sorbitol) dan filler (kalsium silikat dan clay) terhadap kuat tarik, % elongasi, % biodegradasi dan % absorpsi bioplastik. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, semakin banyak filler clay atau kalsium silikat maka bioplastik memiliki kuat tarik yang besar dan % elongasi yang semakin kecil. Semakin banyak clay yang ditambahkan maka semakin besar daya absorpsi terhadap air, namun semakin banyak kalsium silikat yang ditambahkan maka semakin kecil daya absorpsi terhadap air. Semakin banyak filler kalsium silikat dan clay maka semakin kecil % biodegradasi bioplastik. Semakin banyak jumlah sorbitol yang ditambahkan maka semakin besar % elongasi, % biodegradasi dan % water absorption namun semakin kecil % kuat tarik. Bioplastik dengan penambahan filler kalsium silikat memiliki kuat tarik antara 4,11-22,08 Mpa, % elongasi antara 2,17%-57,95%, % water absorption antara 67,26%-120% dan %biodegradasi antara 0,61%-19,22%. Bioplastik dengan penambahan filler clay memiliki kuat tarik antara 2,38-14,05 Mpa, %elongasi antara 2,11%-46,24%, % water absorption antara 79,07%-150,67% dan %biodegradasi antara 1,17%-34,54%.Biodegradable plastics is plastic which has environmentally properties. Candi banana peels potential to be used as a basic material for making bioplastics because it contains 28,488% starch. The aims of our research is to determine the effect of plasticizer (sorbitol) and filler (calcium silicate and clay) on tensile strength, elongation (%), biodegradation (%) and bioplastic absorption (%). Based on the result, the more amount of calcium silicate or clay filler added, the larger tensile strength and the smaller % elongation. The more amount of clay added, the greater absorption capacity of water, but the more calcium silicate added, the smaller absorption capacity of water. The more amount calcium silicate filler added, the smaller the biodegradation of bioplastic, but in the data based on clay filler, % biodegradation decreased. The more amount of sorbitol added, the greater % elongation, % biodegradation and % water absorption, but the smaller % tensile strength. Bioplastics with calcium silicate as filler has tensile strength between 4.11-22.08 Mpa, % elongation between 2.17% -57.95%, % water absorption between 67.26% -120% and % biodegradation between 0.61-19.22%. Bioplastics with clay as filler has tensile strength between 2.38-14.05 MPa, % elongation between 2.11%-46.24%, % water absorption between 79.07%-150.67% and % biodegradation between 1,17% -34.54%.
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Christwardana, Marcelinus, Ismojo Ismojo, and Sidik Marsudi. "Biodegradation Kinetic Study of Cassava & Tannia Starch-Based Bioplastics as Green Material in Various Media." Molekul 17, no. 1 (March 13, 2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2022.17.1.5591.
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The rate of biodegradation of cassava – tannia starch bioplastic in various media was evaluated. Bioplastic degradation profile for a period of 4 weeks was seen following the Hills Equation where the speed of bioplastic biodegradation in sand media had higher yields than farm soil and compost media with the value up to 98.84 %. This is also proven by measuring the rate of degradation reaction using a first order reaction rate, where the value of the constant rate of reaction from bioplastics in sand is a little bit higher compared to farm soil and compost media (0.77647, 0.67133, and 0.15779 week-1, respectively). According to SEM pictures, there were numerous bacteria (either aerobic or anaerobic) and fungal species on the bioplastic surface, which have a role in the biodegradability of the polymer in bioplastics. The FTIR spectra of bioplastic biodegradation showed a decrease in the peak at 3400 - 3200 cm-1, and loss of the peak was present in the control at 2900 cm-1 which showed a breakdown of the polymer chain in the bioplastic especially in the O-H and C-H bonds, respectively. It can be concluded that farm soil and sand are the most optimal media in the bioplastic biodegradation process, while compost has potential but its maturity must be considered.
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Aditia, Prayoga, Riman Sipahutar, and Bakri Bakri. "Pemanfaatan Bioplastik dari Limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit untuk Peningkatan Nilai CBR (California Bearing Ratio) Tanah Lempung." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 23, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 1090. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v23i1.3167.
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The massive increase in palm oil production in Indonesia has created problems in the large volume of palm oil processing waste that must be managed. One of the efforts made to reduce this impact is by reusing the empty fruit bunches waste of palm oil as a material for making bioplastics. This bioplastic is then used to improve soil bearing capacity by increasing the CBR (California Bearing Ratio) value in expansive clay soils. The effectiveness of the use of bioplastics was measured by comparing the test results of laboratory CBR values of soil samples mixed with bioplastics with varying levels of 0%, 4%, 10%, and 15%, respectively. The test results showed that samples that had been treated with bioplastics had a greater soaked CBR value than sample without bioplastics. The highest soaked CBR value obtained was 21.14%, namely in sample with 10% bioplastic content. Bioplastic from empty fruit bunches of palm oil has the potential to be developed as a material to improve soil bearing capacity.
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Kartini, Indriana, Kukuh Handaru Iskandar, Chotimah, Eko Sri Kunarti, and Rochmadi. "Effect of Zeolite Addition on the Properties of Bioplastic Composites of Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Urea." Materials Science Forum 948 (March 2019): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.948.175.
Full textAbstract:
Bioplastic composites based on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and urea have been successfully synthesised at various amount of zeolites. Urea inclusion into the bioplastics was supposed to result in nitrogen slow-release composites. The bioplastic composites were prepared by solvent casting the precursor gel containing 0.5 % (w/w) urea in CMC in the petri dishes. The zeolites content was varied at 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 % (w/w to CMC). It showed that the addition of zeolites to the bioplastic composites up to 0.5% increased their tensile strength. More addition of zeolites decreased the strain of the bioplastic composite. It could be due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between CMC and zeolites. The amount of urea absorbed in the bioplastics increased as the amount of zeolites increases. It is possibly to be due to the strong interaction between urea and zeolites. The ammonium ions may interact with interchangeable cations in the zeolite. This interaction will also extend the time for the bioplastics to biodegrade. The presence of zeolites in the CMC polymer chains is useful to give nitrogen slow-release composites.
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Narwal, Shivani, Rajesh Dhankhar, Savita Kalshan, Poonam Yadav, Azad Yadav, and Tamanna Deswal. "Lignocellulosic biomass feedstock: A benchmarking green resource for sustainable production of bioplastics." Environment Conservation Journal 24, no. 3 (August 17, 2023): 311–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.16352517.
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Presence of plastics in the surroundings is ubiquitous, as generation of plastics is booming globally and it gets accumulated in oceans leading to deleterious impacts on marine life, public health and the surrounding environment. Owing to its non-degradable nature, plastic particles remain in surroundings for extended periods which automatically facilitate its out spreading. Therefore, there is a need to shift to bio-based plastics, as bio-based green economy hinges on sustainable employment of bioresources for generating a broad spectrum of products, biofuels, chemicals and bioplastics. Typically bioplastics are synthesized from bio-based resources considered to contribute more to sustainable production of plastic as a part of the circular economy. Bioplastics are luring attention and growing as counterfeit material for petroleum-derived plastics owing to their biodegradability. Recently an engrossed interest has been burgeoning in producing drop-in polymers and new-fangled bioplastics by utilizing lignocellulosic feedstock. This paper reviews the enormous potential of lignocellulosic feedstock as a significant inedible substrate for bioplastic synthesis. Polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyurethanes, polylactic acid and starch-bioplastic are prevailing bio-based plastic comparably derived from lignocellulosic biomass. In forthcoming years bioplastic derived years’ bioplastic derived from lignocellulose will loom as valuable material in numerous fields for an extensive range of cutting-edge applications.
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Zaky, Muhammad Abdul, Rini Pramesti, and Ali Ridlo. "Pengolahan Bioplastik Dari Campuran Gliserol, CMC Dan Karagenan." Journal of Marine Research 10, no. 3 (August 2, 2021): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmr.v10i3.28491.
Full textAbstract:
Indonesia menghasilkan 64 juta ton sampah di laut dan 3,2 juta ton di antaranya adalah plastik. Pencemaran tersebut mendorong pencarian plastik berbahan dasar ramah lingkungan yang dapat terurai . Bioplastik yang merupakan alternatif kemasan plastik dan bersifat ramah lingkungan. Berbagai bahan dasar pembuatan bioplastik telah ditemukan, salah satunya dasar karagenan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik bioplastik hasil ekstraksi karagenan rumput laut Kappaphycus alvarezii dan mengetahui konsentrasi terbaik bioplastik hasil ekstraksi karagenan berdasarkan tebal film, kuat tarik dan persen pemanjangan. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimental laboratoris. Ekstraksi menggunakan perlakuan alkali dengan larutan KOH. Proses ekstraksi menghasilkan tepung karagenan yang digunakan sebagai bahan pembuatan bioplastik. Pembuatan bioplastik menggunakan campuran karagenan dengan 5 variasi massa karagenan, gliserol 10 ml dan 1,2 g CMC. Hasil ekstraksi menghasilkan rendemen 41,12%, kadar air 2,75%, kadar abu 19,10%, kekuatan gel 452,38 dyne/cm2dan viskositas 8,33 cP. Hasil penelitian tentang nilai ketebalan film bioplastik terbaik pada karagenan 3,5 g yaitu 0,093 mm, kuat tarik terbaik pada 1,5 g yaitu 2,587 Mpa, elongasi terbaik pada karagenan 1,5 g sebesar 44,992%. Berdasarkan data tersebut, hasil penelitian ini dapat diaplikasikan sebagai kemasan primer produk pangan. Sea pollution in Indonesia has increased every year with one of the pollutants is plastic. Indonesia produces 64 million tons of waste at sea and 3.2 million tons of which are plastic. The pollution is encouraging researchers to create plastic-based materials that are environmentally friendly and biodegradable. Bioplastics are an environmentally friendly alternative to plastic packaging. This study aims to determine the characteristics of bioplastics extracted from Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed carrageenan and determine the best concentration of bioplastics from the extraction based on film thickness, tensile strength, and elongation percentage. The method that used in the research is experimental laboratory. The extraction uses alkaline treatment with KOH solution. The extraction process produces carrageenan flour which will be used as a bioplastic material. Making bioplastics using a mixture of carrageenan with 5 variations of concentration, glycerol 10 ml and 1.2 g CMC. The results of extraction showing 41.12% yield, 2.75% moisture content, 19.10% ash content, 452.38 dyne / cm2 gel strength, 8.33 cP viscosity. Carrageenan with the best value of bioplastic film thickness is 3.5 g which is 0.093 mm, the best tensile strength is achieved at 1.5 g with a tensile strength value of 2.587 MPa, the best elongation is achieved at 1.5 g with a value of 44.992%. Based on data showing that this research can be applied as primary packaging for food products.
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Ridlo, Ali, Sri Sedjati, Endang Supriyantini, and Dinda Ayuniar Zanjabila. "Pengembangan Dan Karakterisasi Bioplastik Karagenan-Alginat-Gliserol Dengan Perlakuan Kalsium Klorida." Buletin Oseanografi Marina 12, no. 1 (September 29, 2022): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v12i1.48020.
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Material biopolimer tunggal seperti alginat dan karagenan tidak memiliki sifat fisiko-kimia dan mekanik yang mencukupi untuk digunakan sebagai produk spesifik seperti bioplastik, sehingga diperlukan kombinasi agar diperoleh hidrogel yang lebih kuat dan tahan air. Ion Ca2+ berperan sebagai crosslinker polimer bermuatan negative (alginat dan karagenan) serta meningkatkan struktur jaringan, sifat reologi dan hidrofobisitasnya, dengan cara berikatan silang dengan gugus karboksil alginat daan gugus sulfat karagenaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perendaman dalam larutan CaCl2 terhadap karakteristik (ketebalan, keburaman, ketahanan air, biodegradabilitas, kuat tarik dan elongasi) bioplastik alginat-karagenan-gliserol. Alginat diperoleh dari ekstraksi Sargassum sp., sedangkan karagenan diperoleh dari ekstraksi rumput laut K. alvarezii yang berasal dari Jepara, Jawa Tengah. Bioplastik dibuat dengan cara mencampur 1,5 g karagenan dan 0,5 g alginat dalam 146 mL akuades pada suhu 90℃ selama 45 menit, lalu ditambahkan gliserol 2 mL pada suhu 70℃ dan dihomogenkan selama 15 menit, kemudian dicetak pada cetakan gelas dan dikeringkan dalam oven pada suhu 50℃ selama 18 jam. Setelah itu bioplastik dilepas dari cetakannya dan direndam dalam larutan CaCl2 (1%; 2%; 3% dan 4%) selama 5 menit lalu dikeringkan pada suhu ruang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perendaman dalam larutan CaCl2 meningkatkan secara signifikan (p < 0,05) kuat tarik, ketahanan air, dan opacity dan menurunkan ketebalan, elongasi, dan biodegradabilitas bioplastik alginat-karagenan-gliserol. Ketebalan dan kuat tarik bioplastik alginat-karagenan-gliserol yang dihasilkan telah memenuhi Japanese Industrial Standard.Single biopolymer materials such as alginate and carrageenan do not have sufficient physico-chemical and mechanical properties to be used as specific products such as bioplastics, so a combination is needed to obtain stronger and water-resistant hydrogels. The Ca2+ ion acts as a crosslinker for negatively charged polymers (alginate and carrageenan) and improves the network structure, rheological properties and hydrophobicity, by cross-linking with the carboxyl group of alginate and the sulfate group of carrageenan. This study aims to determine the effect of immersion in CaCl2 solution on the characteristics (thickness, opacity, water resistance, biodegradability, tensile strength and elongation at break) of alginate-carrageenan-glycerol bioplastic. Alginate was obtained from the extraction of Sargassum sp., while carrageenan was obtained from the extraction of K. alvarezii seaweed from Jepara, Central Java. Bioplastics were made by mixing 1.5 g of carrageenan and 0.5 g of alginate in 146 mL of distilled water at 90℃ for 45 minutes, then adding 2 mL of glycerol at 70℃ and homogenized for 15 minutes, then molded on a glass mold and dried in the oven at 50℃ for 18 hours. after that, the bioplastic was removed from the mold and immersed in a solution of CaCl2 (1%; 2%; 3% and 4%) for 5 minutes and then dried at room temperature. The results showed that immersion in CaCl2 solution significantly increased (p < 0.05) tensile strength, water resistance, and opacity and decreased thickness, elongation, and biodegradability of alginate-carrageenan-glycerol bioplastics. The thickness and tensile strength of the alginate-carrageenan-glycerol bioplastic produced complies with the Japanese Industrial Standard.
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Farrah Dibha, Alyaa, Masruri Masruri, and Arie Srihardyastutie. "Degradable Bioplastic Developed from Pine-Wood Nanocellulose as a Filler Combined with Orange Peel Extract." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 23, no. 1 (January 11, 2023): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.75520.
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This research presents the degradable bioplastics developed from pinewood nanocellulose as a filler in PVA matrices. The steps involve the isolation and characterization of cellulose and nanocellulose. Meanwhile, the manufacturing of degradable bioplastic involves the combination of PVA, nanocellulose, and with or without orange peel extract. The effect of bioplastics without the addition of citric acid and orange peel extract is also reported as a comparison. It is found that orange peel extract improves the tensile strength (1708.54 kPa), elastic modulus (42.71 kPa), elongation (40%), and degradability (78.44% in 2 weeks) compared to bioplastic without the orange peel extract. These results indicate that orange peel extract acts as a reinforcing agent in PVA-nanocellulose bioplastic.
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Nguyen, Trieu Khoa, Nguyen Thy Ton That, Nien Thi Nguyen, and Ha Thi Nguyen. "Development of Starch-Based Bioplastic from Jackfruit Seed." Advances in Polymer Technology 2022 (March 26, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6547461.
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In this article, jackfruit seed starch plasticized with common plasticizers was developed and characterized. At the first step, the research papers that dealt with the fabrication and characterization of starch-based bioplastics were synthesized and analyzed. Next, jackfruit seeds were selected as a source for starch because of their large availability, low price or even free, and high starch capacity. Afterward, a starch-based bioplastic fabrication procedure was proposed. From preliminary tests, plasticizers were sufficiently selected, including water, glycerol, natri bicarbonate, and acid citric. Using different combinations of these plasticizers, four types of bioplastics were then fabricated to study the effect of the plasticizers as well as to characterize the properties of the corresponding bioplastics. A cutting tool for ASTM D412 type A standard tensile testing specimen was then designed and fabricated. Using these dog-bone specimens, tensile results showed that the hardness of the fabricated bioplastic was positively proportional to the ratio of the starch. Furthermore, from SEM characterization, the bioplastic specimens were fully plasticized. Although the fabricated bioplastic has lower mechanical properties than petroleum-based plastics, its environmental friendliness and high potential added value promise to be a material of the future.
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Arifin, Uma Fadzilia, Nais Pinta Adetya, Wisnu Pambudi, and Wahyu Ratnaningsih. "Quality Evaluation of Bioplastic from Glutinous Rice Starch Reinforced with Bamboo Leaf Powder." CHEESA: Chemical Engineering Research Articles 5, no. 2 (December 14, 2022): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.25273/cheesa.v5i2.14235.82-91.
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<p class="E-JOURNALAbstractBodyEnglish">Plastics are widely used in various aspects of life due to their variety of superior properties. However, they contribute a negative impact on the environment, which leads to the search for an alternative solution such as the production of bioplastics as biodegradable plastics. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the psycho-mechanic quality of bioplastic from glutinous rice starch reinforced with bamboo leaf powder. The bioplastic synthesis process was carried out using 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7% (w/w) variations of bamboo leaf powder on glutinous rice starch, respectively. The results showed that the best bioplastic composition was the addition of 3% (w/w) bamboo leaf powder to glutinous rice starch. This indicated that the addition of bamboo leaf powder in bioplastics can enhance the thickness, hardness, and tensile strength significantly. Meanwhile, the value of density, water vapor transmission rate, and elongation showed a slight increase, and the bioplastic also degraded more than 70% for 7 days.</p>
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Rahmatullah, Rahmatullah, Rizka Wulandari Putri, Muhammad Rendana, Untung Waluyo, and Tedi Andrianto. "Effect of Plasticizer and Concentration on Characteristics of Bioplastic Based on Cellulose Acetate from Kapok (Ceiba pentandra) Fiber." Science and Technology Indonesia 7, no. 1 (January 27, 2022): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26554/sti.2022.7.1.73-83.
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The synthetic plastics that made from petroleum material have been widely used in all industrial sectors. They cause some serious problems for the environment. There are semi-synthetic plastics or biodegradable plastics which are made from natural polymers such as cellulose to mitigate this problem. Biodegradable plastics can fulfill the needs of society because they can be decomposed easily into the environment. This research used laboratory experimental methods through several processes: kapok fiber isolation, cellulose acetate production and purification, and manufacture of bioplastics. The characteristics of bioplastics was analyzed using some parameters such as density, tensile strength, elongation, Young's modulus, water absorption, biodegradability, compound group analysis using Fouier-Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) and bioplastic morphology analysis by using Scanning electrone microscopy (SEM). This study aimed to determine the effect of the plasticizer type and concentration on the bioplastics characteristics that was divided into several different concentrations of glycerol and sorbitol plasticizers (20%, 30%, and 40%). The fabrication of composite bioplastics used the cellulose acetat from kapok fiber, starch, and types of plasticizer (glycerol, and sorbitol). The results of the study showed that the addition of different plasticizers, such as glycerol and sorbitol gave distinct effects on the bioplastics product characteristics. The optimum concentration of glycerol addition affected the bioplastic characteristics with the best results were 40% concentration generate density of 0.836 g/mL, tensile strength of 0.818 MPa, water absorption value of 22.23%, and degradation plastic mass about 39.7%. The addition of sorbitol also affected the bioplastic characteristics, where the best results were 40% concentration produced bioplastic density of 0.941 g/mL, percent elongation at 3.94%, young’s modulus of 0.726 MPa, and degradarion mass of 32.05%. The morphology of bioplastic showed the high homogeneity on concentrations of 40% glycerol and 30% sorbitol.
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Sugiharto, Agung, Adilla Syarifa, Nindita Handayani, and Rizky Mahendra. "Effect of Chitosan, Clay, and CMC on Physicochemical Properties of Bioplastic from Banana Corm with Glycerol." Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan 10, no. 1 (September 14, 2021): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jbat.v10i1.25323.
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Bioplactic from banana corm and glycerol has been studied in this research. In addition, the physical chemical properties of it has been improved by adding chitosan, clay and CMC as filler and glycerol as plasticizer. Plastic that produced form organic material such as starch usually has poor properties in physical and mechanical. Composition variation of chitosan, clay and CMC as filler then combined by variation of glycerol as plasticizer have produced significant improve of the bioplastic physical properties. Properties of the bioplastic that studied in this research was focused to biodegradation, elongation, and tensile strength. The addition of fillers and plasticizers is carried out to produce a better bioplastics. This study used 3 variations of the filler composition : 4, 5, and 6 grams and 2 variations of the plasticizer composition: 1 ml and 2 ml. The bioplastics that produced were tested for tensile strength, elongation, and biodegradation of the soil for 7 days. The best tensile strength results is 8.43 MPa for bioplastic that using CMC fillers. On the other side, the best elongation percentage is 9.87% for bioplastic which using CMC fillers. The bioplastic that added Clay as filler can be degraded up to 100% in 7 days.
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Sugiharto, Agung, Adilla Syarifa, Nindita Handayani, and Rizky Mahendra. "Effect of Chitosan, Clay, and CMC on Physicochemical Properties of Bioplastic from Banana Corm with Glycerol." Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan 10, no. 1 (September 14, 2021): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jbat.v10i1.25323.
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Bioplactic from banana corm and glycerol has been studied in this research. In addition, the physical chemical properties of it has been improved by adding chitosan, clay and CMC as filler and glycerol as plasticizer. Plastic that produced form organic material such as starch usually has poor properties in physical and mechanical. Composition variation of chitosan, clay and CMC as filler then combined by variation of glycerol as plasticizer have produced significant improve of the bioplastic physical properties. Properties of the bioplastic that studied in this research was focused to biodegradation, elongation, and tensile strength. The addition of fillers and plasticizers is carried out to produce a better bioplastics. This study used 3 variations of the filler composition : 4, 5, and 6 grams and 2 variations of the plasticizer composition: 1 ml and 2 ml. The bioplastics that produced were tested for tensile strength, elongation, and biodegradation of the soil for 7 days. The best tensile strength results is 8.43 MPa for bioplastic that using CMC fillers. On the other side, the best elongation percentage is 9.87% for bioplastic which using CMC fillers. The bioplastic that added Clay as filler can be degraded up to 100% in 7 days.
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Lilavanichakul, Apichaya, and Rangrong Yoksan. "Development of Bioplastics from Cassava toward the Sustainability of Cassava Value Chain in Thailand." Sustainability 15, no. 20 (October 10, 2023): 14713. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152014713.
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Population growth and urbanization in Thailand has generated negative environmental externalities and the underuse of agricultural materials. Plastics from cassava present an alternative that helps reduce the use of non-biodegradable petroleum-based plastics and can reshape a sustainable cassava value chain. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the cassava value chain, consumer acceptance, and the opportunities and challenges for developing bioplastics from cassava in Thailand. We analyze the value added to different applications of cassava products and investigate the consumer acceptance of bioplastic from cassava using a two-step cluster analysis. From an economic perspective, bioplastics based on cassava add a value of 14.8–22 times that of cassava roots. We conducted a survey of 915 respondents and found that consumer acceptance of bioplastic products from cassava accounts for 48.6% of all respondents, but few are willing to pay extra for them. We also found that the development of cassava-based bioplastic not only positively contributes to economic aspects but also generates beneficial long-term impacts on social and environmental aspects. Considering cassava supply, bioplastic production, and potential consumer acceptance, the development of bioplastics from cassava in Thailand faces several barriers and is growing slowly, but is needed to drive the sustainable cassava value chain. This study provides guidelines for businesses and the government to adopt bioplastics from cassava.
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Ningtyas, Rina, Shanaz Nadya, Muryeti Muryeti, Dedi Priadi, and Mochamad Chalid. "The Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on the Antimicrobial and Biodegradation of Cornstarch Bioplastic." Materials Science Forum 1114 (February 22, 2024): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-vvm7a4.
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The development of bioplastics is currently increasing, because bioplastics are an effort to reduce landfill waste. One of the bioplastics that has good degradation ability is cornstarch. The addition of nanoparticles was carried out to improve the properties of bioplastic packaging. One example of the application of nanotechnology in food packaging is silver nanoparticles (AgNP), known as antimicrobial substances. This research was conducted to determine the effect of adding AgNP (0%, 1%, and 2%) on the antimicrobial and biodegradation of cornstarch bioplastics. Bioplastics are made by casting method. AgNP was used from the synthesis of silver nitrate (AgNO3) and trisodium citrate dihydrate (C6H5Na3O7.2H2O) as a reducing agent and stabilizer by chemical reduction method, which was then analyzed by FTIR. The results obtained showed that cornstarch bioplastic AgNP 1% has the ability to estimate the fastest degradation time among other concentrations with an addition of 103 days. Cornstarch bioplastic AgNP 2% had the best ability to inhibit bacterial growth, with antibacterial inhibition zone diameters of 11.03 mm (Staphylococcus aureus) and 10.61 mm (Escherichia coli). However, AgNP could not inhibit the mold growth of Aspergillus niger. The addition of AgNP to cornstarch bioplastics can increase the degradation capabilities and antibacterial activity of bioplastics.
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Jeremic, Sanja, Jelena Milovanovic, Marija Mojicevic, Sanja Skaro-Bogojevic, and Jasmina Nikodinovic-Runic. "Understanding bioplastic materials - current state and trends." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society, no. 00 (2020): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc200720051j.
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Plastic pollution is now considered one of the largest environmental threats facing humans and animals globally. Development of bioplastic materials may offer part of the solution as bioplastics include both nondegradable and biodegradable materials with both being important for sustainability. Bioplastic materials are currently being designed to encompass minimal carbon footprint, high recycling value and complete biodegradability. This review examines recent developments and trends in the field of bioplastic materials. A range of the most utilized bioplastic materials is presented (polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxy-alkanoate (PHA), starch, cellulose, bio-based poly(butylene succinate) (bio-PBS) and bio-polyethylene (bio-PE)) including their production, application and degradation options.
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Saharan, Ritu, and Jyoteshna Kharb. "Exploration of Bioplastics: A Review." Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 38, no. 4 (August 31, 2022): 840–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/380403.
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The marvellous and versatile properties of synthetic plastics make them an indispensable part of human lives. But in the recent years, plastic pollution has become the biggest environmental concern for the whole world globally. Environmental distress over plastic pollution associated with a rising debate over fossil fuel dependence and abatement have brought the attention of researchers towards finding a suitable alternative to plastics i.e., bioplastic. Bioplastics are specially designed to have lower carbon footprint, less dependent on natural resources, energy efficiency, environmental safety and sustainability. These are bio-resources based polymers which have the potential of substituting conventional petroleum-based plastics. This review article summarizes need for developing eco-friendly alternative to plastics, bioplastics, importance of bioplastic, advantages of bioplastics over plastics and current trends in production of bioplastics. It also highlights types of bioplastics based on various sources and a variety of bioplastic materials such as starch, cellulose, chitosan, chitin, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polylactic acid, Bio-PE, Bio-PET, Bio-PBS, etc., their synthesis, applications and biodegradability. A comparative analysis of both natural and bio-based polymers in term of their availability, nature, structure, properties such as thermal stability, biodegradability, tensile strength, etc. has also been highlighted.
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Azizati, Zidni, Iseh Muhammad Zaenal Afidin, and Lutfi Aditya Hasnowo. "The Effect of Sorbitol Addition in Bioplastic from Cellulose Acetate (Sugarcane Bagasse)-Chitosan." Walisongo Journal of Chemistry 5, no. 1 (July 15, 2022): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/wjc.v5i1.12173.
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This study aimed to determine the effect of sorbitol addition into cellulose acetate-chitosan bioplastic and its biodegradation properties. Cellulose was isolated from the pulp of sugarcane bagasse and acetylated to be cellulose acetate. Cellulose acetate was characterized by FTIR, the results of FTIR characterization contained C=O and C-O functional groups with wavenumbers of 1644.99 cm-1 and 1059.86 cm-1 which indicated the formation of cellulose acetate. Cellulose acetate-chitosan bioplastic and cellulose acetate-chitosan-sorbitol bioplastic has been successfully synthesized and characterized. The results of FTIR characterization showed that bioplastics had C=O and C-O functional groups at wavenumbers of 1644.99 cm-1, 1059.86 cm-1 which was indicated as cellulose acetate and N-H functional group at wavenumber of 1559.66 cm-1 which was indicated as the presence of chitosan in bioplastics and there is an increase in absorption intensity of the O-H functional group which indicates that sorbitol has been successfully added to bioplastics. The addition of sorbitol could improve the percent of elongation from 14.0635% to 19.9379% and decrease the tensile strength from 6.3049 MPa to 0.6309 MPa. It also could increase water absorption from 16.68% to 88.73%, and could accelerate the bioplastic degradation process from 24 days to 8 days.