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Journal articles on the topic 'Biopolitical strategies'
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1
Tan, Cera Y. J. "Circuit Breakers and Biopolitical Strategies." Cultural Politics 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/17432197-8797557.
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AbstractTaking as a starting point the challenge of containing the spread of epidemics, this article provides an oblique critique of the connections between biopolitics and contact tracing. Aligning the question of biopolitical strategies with epidemiology, the article follows the lines of continuity between containment strategies, contact-tracing technology, and circulations and networks. The uptake of mobile application surveillance by government entities to trace the spread of SARS-CoV-2 has seamlessly supplemented containment measures. Singapore's deployment of TraceTogether, an application developed by the Ministry of Health and Government Technology Agency, circumvents the use of geolocation tracking: formulating a network of infected bodies using proximity data, the population undergoes a topological change. Drawing on a tradition that acknowledges the transformative quality of technology and its implications on information societies, the article frames the enquiry within the parameters of Martin Heidegger's and Gilles Deleuze's deliberations on the ways in which technology is brought to bear on the biopolitical imaginary of a population. The technological rationality that, according to Heidegger, has gripped the entire horizon of thought is opened up for interruption wherever technology fails. In these slippages emerge spaces in which a critique of society's faults may be advanced. This article proposes a critical reading of application surveillance with a view to the biopolitical and philosophical implications of overdetermined network structures against the backdrop of contagion-related phenomena.
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Yatsyk, Alexandra. "Biopolitical Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Russia, France, Germany, and the UK: The “Post-Truth” Coverage by RT." Social Sciences 11, no. 3 (March 18, 2022): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci11030139.
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This paper seeks to examine the COVID-19 crisis in Russia, France, Germany, and the UK, as covered by the Russian state media outlet RT (formerly Russia Today). I view the RT coverage through the prism of biopolitics and critical discourse analysis (CDA) to demonstrate multiple discrepancies in its “post-truth” knowledge production strategies. I argue that these strategies aim to expose the hybrid and controversial nature of biopolitical governance in Western democracies during the COVID-19 pandemic as they struggle to strike a balance between imposing social restrictions and safeguarding public health. I also show how the (post)liberal biopolitical debate on personal responsibility and state resilience in times of emergency could be applied by authoritarian regimes for self-description.
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Boucher, James. "Neoliberal Biopolitics in Michel Noël's Nipishish: Market Logic and Indigenous Resistance." American Indian Culture and Research Journal 42, no. 2 (January 1, 2018): 77–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17953/aicrj.42.2.boucher.
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Abstract This article explores the imbrication of history, fiction, and biopolitics in a variety of specific confrontations between the Canadian state and the Anishnaabeg in Michel Noël's teen novel Nipishish (2004). Situated in Southwest Québec during the second half of the 20th century, the novel lends itself readily to a biopolitical reading which gleans from and expands on the theories of Foucault, Agamben, and Pratt. Focusing on deconstructing biopolitical strategies of the settler colonial state and agentive Native practices, the analysis underscores how Noël's depiction of Indigenous lifeways and resistance constitute an invaluable political message to Indigenous and non-Indigenous youth alike.
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Bergthaller, Hannes. "Ecocriticism, Biopolitics, and Ecological Immunity." Ecozon@: European Journal of Literature, Culture and Environment 11, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/ecozona.2020.11.2.3542.
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Ecocritics tend to think of environmentalism as a form of resistance against the anthropocentrism of Western modernity. Such a view stands in contrast to biopolitical theory, which sees modernity in terms of a naturalization of the human and a generalized effort to increase the productivity of life that cuts across species lines. Building on the work of Roberto Esposito, this process can be described as a radicalized form of ecological immunization whereby humans and their domesticates are protected from the risks that attend membership in ecological communities, resulting in an “unnatural growth of the natural” (H. Arendt). The self-destructive strategies of immunization which characterize biopolitical modernity are based on a conception of life in terms of competition over scarce resources, inevitably leading to Malthusian crises. Lynn Margulis’ understanding of evolution as symbiogenesis offers an alternative on which an affirmative biopolitics balancing the demands of immunity and community can build.
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Kelly, Stephen. "Securing Dangerous Children as Literate Subjects." Children Australia 41, no. 3 (July 21, 2016): 214–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2016.16.
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This paper examines how the education of children as literate subjects in schools and community settings is implicated in the politics of securing civil society. Foucault's concept of biopolitics is used to consider how young people are produced as securitised subjects. The emergence of the concept of human security as a technology for measuring human development is problematised using Bacchi's methodology. The analysis uses the Northern Territory intervention to question representations of young people as subjects of danger and as potentially dangerous subjects. This paper argues that the use of literacy by the apparatus of state and non-state governmentalities functions as a technology of risk mitigation and biopolitical government: a way of contingently positioning the freedoms of children as subjects to forms of rule. The paper concludes by suggesting that literacy has been deployed as a techne of an authoritarian form of liberalism in which the power to delimit entangles children in biopolitical strategies and sovereign intervention.
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Kshevin, Nikolai, and Olga Simonenko. "BIOPOLITICS AS AN ASPECT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN NON-LIBERAL POLITICAL REGIMES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE PRC)." Respublica literaria, RL. 2021. vol.2. no. 2 (March 29, 2021): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.47850/rl.2021.2.2.86-97.
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The article focuses on the potential applicability of biopolitics to modern elements of public administration in non-liberal political regimes on the example of China. M. Foucault's biopolitics is a rather difficult concept to use for the analysis of modern countries of the East due to the initial connection of the concept to the Western intellectual tradition. Based on analysis of the various researches in biopolitics, we propose to look further into strategies for expanding the concept to determine the most suitable for the study of public administration in non-liberal political regimes on the example of the PRC. It is noted that modern China, being an example of a non-liberal political regime, has signs of biopolitical state governance. It is concluded that biopolitics as a technology of power over the population is not an exclusive part of liberal governance.
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Charitsis, Vassilis, Anna Fyrberg Yngfalk, and Per Skålén. "‘Made to run’: Biopolitical marketing and the making of the self-quantified runner." Marketing Theory 19, no. 3 (September 11, 2018): 347–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470593118799794.
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While previous critical marketing research on co-creation has focused on how consumers’ cognitive and social abilities are governed, this article focuses on how firms’ marketing strategies attempt to govern every aspect of consumers’ lives. By drawing on a biopolitical framework and a study of Nike+, a marketing system for runners which Nike has developed around its self-tracking devices, three biopolitical marketing dimensions were identified: the gamification of the running experience, the transformation of running into a competitive activity and the conversion of running into a social activity. In identifying these marketing dimensions, the study demonstrates how self-tracking affordances are deployed in the development of a biopolitical marketing environment that tames, captures and appropriates value from different aspects of consumers’ lives, including – and combining – their social behaviours, cognitive capacities and bodily conducts. This article contributes to critical studies of value co-creation by focusing on the tamed self-tracking body as a resource for value creation, but also by demonstrating that consumers engage, through cognitive labour, in the production of the biopolitical environment that leads to their exploitation.
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Lapointe, Dominic, and Myra Coulter. "Place, Labor, and (Im)mobilities: Tourism and Biopolitics." Tourism Culture & Communication 20, no. 2 (July 3, 2020): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/109830420x15894802540160.
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Contemporary tourism is omnipresent in development discourses and policies, functioning as a "worldmaking" force in which tourism activities provide a representation and storyline that influence the tourist and their behavior, thus becoming a form of social production. Justifying the inclusion of biopolitics as a response to the questions raised by the worldmaking tenet, this article aims to set the concept of biopolitics as the articulation between dominant structures and agency. As contemporary social life and the reproduction of society are integrated into the scope of market capitalism, and the state exerts its role as protector of the "free" market, biopolitics functions through the internalization of the rules of conduct by individuals, as well as through the economic integration of previously noneconomic spheres. Conducting a systematic literature review to expose the presence of the biopolitical lens in tourism research reveals the relevance of pursuing critical and unconventional research strategies. A diverse yet limited corpus of texts has developed in the context of the persistence and pervasiveness of both biopolitics and tourism in complex and uneven global social, political, and spatiotemporal systems and networks, highlighting new theoretical constellations rooted primarily in Foucauldian biopolitics. This essay uncovers a powerful entanglement of nonlinear and multiscalar tourism elements, and calls for ambitiously undertaking tourism research to address tourism discourses, structures, and practices in place and society.
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Gimenes, Gabriel De Freitas, and Rosane Azevedo Neves Silva. "Statements production in current biopolitical strategies: the issue of quality of life." Athenea Digital. Revista de pensamiento e investigación social 17, no. 1 (March 7, 2017): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/athenea.1770.
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Mackenzie, Robin. "How the Politics of Inclusion/Exclusion and the Neuroscience of Dehumanization/Rehumanization Can Contribute to Animal Activists’ Strategies: Bestia Sacer II." Society & Animals 19, no. 4 (2011): 407–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853011x590051.
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AbstractJuxtaposing the continental philosophy of inclusion/exclusion and the cognitive and affective neuroscience of dehumanization, infrahumanization, and rehumanization may inform animal activists’ strategies. Both fields focus upon how we decide who counts and who doesn’t. Decisions over who’s human (or like us) and who isn’t (i.e., who’s an animal, or not like us) are not simply about species membership but involve biopolitical value judgments over who we wish to include or exclude. Posthumanists seek to disrupt the biopolitics of inclusion/exclusion, partly to heal ethical and political relations between human and nonhuman animals. Calarco calls this jamming Agamben’s anthropological machine. Bestia Sacer are those designated as included or excluded, moving among zones of humans, nonhuman animals, and things. Cognitive and affective neuroscience describes how mechanisms of inclusion/exclusion function in dehumanization, infrahumanization, and rehumanization. Humans assign varying degrees of humanity to others according to in-group/out-group status in judgments open to manipulation. Investigating how these mechanisms operate in human perceptions of nonhuman animals may inform activist strategies, transforming ethical and political relations between humans and nonhuman animals and end the exclusion of Bestia Sacer.
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Oksala, Johanna. "Violence and the Biopolitics of Modernity." Foucault Studies, no. 10 (November 1, 2010): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/fs.v0i10.3122.
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The paper studies the relationship between political violence and biological life in the thought of Hannah Arendt, Giorgio Agamben and Michel Foucault. I follow Foucault in arguing that understanding political violence in modernity means rethinking the ontological boundary between biological and political life that has fundamentally ordered the Western tradition of political thought. I show that while Arendt, Agamben and Foucault all see the merging of the categories of life and politics as the key problem of Modernity, they understand this problem in crucially different terms and suggest different solutions to it. This results in different understandings of the relationship between violence and the political. It is my contention that the violence of modern biopolitical societies is not due to originary ties between sovereign power and biopower, as Agamben claims. Sovereign states use biopolitical methods of violence, but this violence is not an originary or necessary aspect of political power. In order to criticise the forms of violence specific to modern biopolitical societies we must expose the points of tension, as well as of overlap between two types of power – biopower and sovereign power. Understanding their distinctive rationalities is crucial for developing effective strategies against current forms of political violence.
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Bell, Colleen. "Surveillance Strategies and Populations at Risk: Biopolitical Governance in Canada’s National Security Policy." Security Dialogue 37, no. 2 (June 2006): 147–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967010606066168.
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Bresnihan, Patrick. "Revisiting neoliberalism in the oceans: Governmentality and the biopolitics of ‘improvement’ in the Irish and European fisheries." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 51, no. 1 (September 27, 2018): 156–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x18803110.
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Foucault’s account of the emergence of biopolitics in the late 18th century helps frame the political economy of ‘improvements’ as an environmental project linked to the well-being of the population. Since the 1970s, biopolitical concerns have shifted towards non-human populations and the reproduction of natural resources and ecosystems. This has become evident in the European fisheries, where after decades of exploitation greatly intensified since the 1960s, the extractive demands of the fishing industry have caught up with the reproductive capacities of most commercially targeted fish stocks. This contradiction has given rise to a new political economy of ‘improvements’ that seeks to sustain the biological health of commercially targeted fish populations while maintaining an economically profitable fishing industry. Central to this transition is the active role that fishers are expected to play in sustainably managing the fish stocks they exploit while adapting to ‘green’ market opportunities. Tradeable quota systems, eco-accreditation schemes and community-based resource management have all emerged as managerial strategies for inciting the active participation of fishers in this ‘common’ project of sustainable development. Drawing on Foucault’s perspective of governmentality, this paper argues that these strategies represent distinct but overlapping apparatuses of neoliberal governmentality that are representative of broader tendencies within environmental governance today.
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Bokek-Cohen, Ya'arit. "How are marketing strategies of genetic material used as a mechanism for biopolitical governmentality?" Consumption Markets & Culture 19, no. 6 (March 16, 2016): 534–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10253866.2015.1137897.
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Ignatjeva, Olga. "Digital governmentality: Participatory governance vs. biopolitics." Political Expertise: POLITEX 16, no. 4 (2020): 462–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2020.403.
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The notion of governmentality was first used by the French postmodern philosopher Michel Foucault during his lectures at the College de France in 1978-1979. The term is one of the characteristics of political power, along with sovereignty and discipline, but it characterizes its later stages of evolution. Foucault and his commentators give multiple meanings to this term, but perhaps the most accurate ones are the definition of governmentality as a way of rational thinking about the realization of political power and governmentality as the art of government. The emergence of governmentality is associated with the emergence of political economy and implies the use of biopolitical techniques, a concept that Foucault introduces to emphasize the need for socio-hu- manitarian knowledge in disciplining the “political body”. Evolution and peculiarities of biopolitics are discussed in detail in this article in relation to each type of governmentality. This article examines three types of governmentality (liberalism, authoritarianism, neoliberalism) introduced by the French thinker and proposes considering a new type of governmentality that characterizes the modern stage of society’s development. Here we use a governmentality concept as a methodological instrument for analysis of a new type of governance. The author notes that digital governmentality is characterized by governance using digital platforms. The article provides a detailed description of the architecture of one such platforms, as well as a set of algorithms that will mediate the interaction between the population and government representatives. The purpose of this article is to identify the essence of digital governmentality and its nature. Is the emerging form of public governance through digital platforms, as a consequence of its digitalization, demo- cratic and participatory, or is it still a more sophisticated way of governing the population using manipulative, biopolitical strategies? An attempt to answer this question is made in the article by considering both the evolution of the term governmentality itself and the technological features of digital platforms with their interpretation based on Michel Foucault’s concept.
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Duque Silva, Guillermo Andrés, and Cristina Del Prado Higuera. "Political Theology and COVID-19: Agamben’s Critique of Science as a New “Pandemic Religion”." Open Theology 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 501–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opth-2020-0177.
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Abstract The philosopher Giorgio Agamben has reacted to the coronavirus crisis in a way that markedly contrasts with most other positions in contemporary political philosophy. His position has been described as irrational, politically incorrect, and unfair toward the victims of COVID-19. In this article, we delve into the foundations of this peculiar, pessimistic, and controversial reaction. From Agamben’s conceptual framework, we will explain how state responses to the COVID-19 crisis have turned science into a new religion from the dogmas of which various strategies have been developed in order for states to exercise biopolitical power under theological guises.
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Thakkar, Sonali. "The Reeducation of Race." Social Text 38, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 73–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01642472-8164764.
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This article traces the emergence of racial plasticity in the discourse of midcentury liberal internationalism and antiracism, focusing on the 1950 Statement on Race by the UN Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). The author argues that the statement is both an important precursor to contemporary celebrations of plasticity and an object lesson in the conceptual and political limitations of plasticity as a response to race and racism. Paying particular attention to the statement’s treatment of plasticity as synonymous with educability, the author argues that plasticity’s centrality to the race concept at midcentury was driven by a pedagogical aspiration to make not just racial ideologies but racial form itself subject to reeducation. In UNESCO’s discourse, plasticity, or the idea that race is changeable and malleable, represents both the promise of freedom from race and a biopolitical imperative. Even as UNESCO sought to dispel the scientific racism it associated most closely with Nazism, the statement’s privileging of plasticity accommodated and extended strategies of colonial racial management. While UNESCO’s antiracism found it easier to imagine an end to race than to imagine that racism could be contested in political terms, anticolonial politics challenged both the colonial ordering of the world and the biopolitical logic of racial plasticity.
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Mohseni, Hossein. "Intensification of Biopolitical Strategies: Governing Bodies’ Treatment of Apocalyptic Zombification in Max Brook’s World War Z." Journal of Literary Studies 37, no. 4 (October 2, 2021): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02564718.2021.1997165.
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Kafer, Gary. "Big Data Biopolitics." Digital Culture & Society 5, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/dcs-2019-0103.
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Abstract This article considers the medial logics of American terrorist watchlist screening in order to study the ways in which digital inequities result from specific computational parameters. Central in its analysis is Secure Flight, an automated prescreening program run by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) that identifies lowand high-risk airline passengers through name-matching algorithms. Considering Secure Flight through the framework of biopolitics, this article examines how passenger information is aggregated, assessed and scored in order to construct racialised assemblages of passengers that reify discourses of American exceptionalism. Racialisation here is neither a consequence of big data nor a motivating force behind the production of risk-assessment programs. Both positions would maintain that discrimination is simply an effect of an information management system that considers privacy as its ultimate goal, which is easily mitigated with more accurate algorithms. Not simply emerging as an effect of discriminatory practices at airport security, racialisation formats the specific techniques embedded in terrorist watchlist matching, in particular the strategies used to transliterate names across different script systems. I argue thus that the biopolitical production of racialised assemblages forms the ground zero of Secure Flight’s computational parameters, as well as its claims to accuracy. This article concludes by proposing a move away from the call to solve digital inequities with more precise algorithms in order to carefully interrogate the forms of power complicit in the production and use of big data analytics.
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van Est, Rinie, and Dirk Stemerding. "Governance Strategies for Living Technologies: Bridging the Gap between Stimulating and Regulating Technoscience." Artificial Life 19, no. 3_4 (October 2013): 437–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artl_a_00115.
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The life sciences present a politically and ethically sensitive area of technology development. NBIC convergence—the convergence of nanotechnology, biotechnology, and information and cognitive technology—presents an increased interaction between the biological and physical sciences. As a result the bio-debate is no longer dominated by biotechnology, but driven by NBIC convergence. NBIC convergence enables two bioengineering megatrends: “biology becoming technology” and “technology becoming biology.” The notion of living technologies captures the latter megatrend. Accordingly, living technology presents a politically and ethically sensitive area. This implies that governments sooner or later are faced with the challenge of both promoting and regulating the development of living technology. This article describes four current political models to deal with innovation promotion and risk regulation. Based on two specific developments in the field of living technologies—(psycho)physiological computing and synthetic biology—we reflect on appropriate governance strategies for living technologies. We conclude that recent pleas for anticipatory and deliberative governance tend to neglect the need for anticipatory regulation as a key factor in guiding the development of the life sciences from a societal perspective. In particular, when it is expected that a certain living technology will radically challenge current regulatory systems, one should opt for just such a more active biopolitical approach.
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Pierce, Clayton. "W.E.B. Du Bois and Caste Education." American Educational Research Journal 54, no. 1_suppl (April 2017): 23S—47S. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0002831216677796.
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This essay provides the first account and examination of caste education in the work of W.E.B. Du Bois. In so doing, I argue that caste education plays a central role in realizing the political and social goals of racial capitalist society for Du Bois. Using Du Bois’s caste analytic, I take up and articulate three biopolitical governing strategies of the racial capitalist state/industrial schooling regime. The final section ties Du Bois’s caste analytic to recent work in Afro-pessimist thought to look at the charter/choice debate. I argue here that Du Bois’s caste analysis, when paired with Afro-pessimist thought, shows how even critical scholarship on charter/choice policies fall short in their reliance on a model democracy and humanism based on antiblackness.
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Wildermuth, Andrew. "Measured Life: Making Live, the “Modern System of Science,” and the Animated Bodies of Frankenstein." Zeitschrift für Anglistik und Amerikanistik 69, no. 4 (November 26, 2021): 331–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zaa-2021-2028.
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Abstract This article considers Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein through what Sara Guyer calls “biopoetics,” hybridizing biopolitical and romantic reading strategies, and positing that romantic writing arises in temporal, theoretical, and political parallel with the movement of power from the reign of the sovereign to the realm of biopower. I focus on how Frankenstein imagines the flesh of Victor as animated and directed forward through biopower, by way of the novel’s juxtaposed medico-scientific and romantic discourse of life. Through close readings of the creation scene and Victor’s final breaths aboard Walton’s exploratory Arctic ship, I conclude that Frankenstein at last offers itself both as artifact and archaeology of modern power—or what Guyer calls “literature as a form of biopower.”
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Inman, Caleigh Estelle. "Absence and Epidemic." Canadian Journal of Disability Studies 8, no. 4 (July 1, 2019): 227–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cjds.v8i4.531.
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This paper contemplates the absence of Indigenous perspectives within autism discourse in Canada, despite increasing concern and surveillance over a growing autism ‘epidemic.’ I posit that the simultaneous production of a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) ‘epidemic’ among Indigenous populations contributes to this absence. Taking a genealogical approach to the emergence of FASD as a diagnostic framework, I situate the FASD ‘epidemic’ and subsequent prevention campaigns within a lineage of biopolitical strategies aimed at limiting the reproductive agency of Indigenous women. I argue that this phenomenon has two main consequences: first, the erasure of Indigenous autistics and a homogenization of Indigenous neurodiversity; and second, I claim that the association of FASD with Indigeneity converts the violent outcomes of settler colonialism into an embodied pathology, working to justify ongoing dispossession of land and resources from Indigenous people.
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Loska, Krzysztof. "Posthumanistyczne echa, apokaliptyczne tony i zwierzęce odgłosy w filmach Bonga Joon-ho." Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication 28, no. 37 (March 31, 2021): 151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/i.2020.37.09.
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The subject of the analysis in this article are three films by Bong Joon-ho: The Host (2006), Snowpiercer (2013) and Okja (2017), considered from the posthumanist perspective. A starting point is Donna Haraway’s suggestion that science-fiction stories should be treated as a tool for speculative thinking. Then, I point to the way the Korean film director demonstrates his critical reflection on the effects of climate change, deepening economic inequalities, the impact of global capitalism and the biopolitical model of the governance. The main aim is to seek out the possible strategies of resistance which enable humans to change their attitude to other species (Okja) and to ask a question about the scope of human freedom, the effects of our interference in the functioning of the biosphere (Snowpiercer) and the results of genetic modifications of animals.
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Mylonas, Yiannis. "Discourses of counter-Islamic-threat mobilization in post 9/11 documentaries." Journal of Language and Politics 11, no. 3 (November 26, 2012): 405–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.11.3.05myl.
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This article critically studies documentaries focusing on the “Islamic terrorist threat”, produced in the US and in Western Europe. The particular films relate to the discourses of the growing far right political movements in liberal democracies. The article analyzes the communicational tactics deployed by the filmmakers for counter-terrorist mobilization of “Westerners”. The films’ producers objectify the terrorist threat as exceptional and ontological, in order to reconfigure the identity of the “West”. The analysis focuses on representations of the West’s threatening Other through the reflexive use of critical discourse analysis and post structuralist, discourse theory. Counter-threat strategies, varying from warfare to biopolitical control, are articulated as social demands and as individualized tasks of inclusion to the ideological space of the West and the sovereign space of western nation states. The critical study of the particular documentaries aims at highlighting the regressive and character of the passionate discourses of far right media, in relation to the political crisis that liberal democracies across the world are facing.
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Soborski, Rafal. "Biopolitics in the Time of Pandemic: Populism and Neoliberalism in the Light of COVID-19." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 20, no. 1-2 (March 25, 2021): 137–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341587.
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Abstract Populism is at the center of many debates about socio-political aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, pondering questions such as, “Is coronavirus bad for populism?” or “How do populist leaders respond to it?” is unlikely to bring significant insights into the distribution and operation of power in the context of COVID-19, or more generally. The populist label is used by elites to describe any politics that they dismiss, whether right- or left-wing, rendering populism an empty and incoherent concept. This point is supported by developments associated with COVID-19 as attitudes of “populist” regimes towards the pandemic varied and some of them followed the same strategies as those pursued by “non-populist” governments. This article reveals the limited explanatory utility of the concept of populism and proposes shifting the focus of attention towards neoliberalism as a key factor shaping individual countries’ responses to the ongoing biopolitical challenge.
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Ghosh, Avilasha. "Rethinking Biopolitics and Governance in India during the Covid-19 Pandemic." Indian Journal of Public Administration 67, no. 3 (September 2021): 337–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00195561211045799.
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The article critically examines the different strategies through which the Union government of India is battling against the novel coronavirus outbreak. In particular, the article examines the socio-economic implications of India’s nation-wide lockdown (25 March 2020–31 May 2020), and how one can conceptualise the same from a biopolitical framework. The article heavily draws from the works of influential thinkers such as Michel Foucault (1977, 2003, 2007), Giorgio Agamben (1998), Achille Mbembe (2019) and Partha Chatterjee (2006), to analyse the Indian state’s responses to Covid-19. The data deployed in this article is largely gathered from the author’s observations of the lockdown, and secondary sources such as newspaper articles, reports published by international and national organisations, academic journals, and social media websites. The main objectives of this article were to provide a critical reading of India’s ‘lockdown’ approach and ‘necropolitical governmentality,’ and understand how implementing the same has adversely impacted and reconfigured the social and the quotidian life of citizens.
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Ghosh, Avilasha. "Rethinking Biopolitics and Governance in India during the Covid-19 Pandemic." Indian Journal of Public Administration 67, no. 3 (September 2021): 337–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00195561211045799.
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The article critically examines the different strategies through which the Union government of India is battling against the novel coronavirus outbreak. In particular, the article examines the socio-economic implications of India’s nation-wide lockdown (25 March 2020–31 May 2020), and how one can conceptualise the same from a biopolitical framework. The article heavily draws from the works of influential thinkers such as Michel Foucault (1977, 2003, 2007), Giorgio Agamben (1998), Achille Mbembe (2019) and Partha Chatterjee (2006), to analyse the Indian state’s responses to Covid-19. The data deployed in this article is largely gathered from the author’s observations of the lockdown, and secondary sources such as newspaper articles, reports published by international and national organisations, academic journals, and social media websites. The main objectives of this article were to provide a critical reading of India’s ‘lockdown’ approach and ‘necropolitical governmentality,’ and understand how implementing the same has adversely impacted and reconfigured the social and the quotidian life of citizens.
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O’Byrne, Patrick. "Health Inequities, HIV, and Public Health Practice: Examining the Role of Qualitative Research." Research and Theory for Nursing Practice 26, no. 3 (2012): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1541-6577.26.3.167.
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Although communicable disease public health practice has traditionally been based on numbers (e.g., incidence, prevalence), in the domain of HIV prevention and control qualitative research has recently become a more commonly employed data collection strategy. Of particular benefit, this approach can supplement the numbers which typically underpin public health strategies by generating in-depth understandings about how specific populations define, describe, and perceive their health and the factors that affect it. However, the use of qualitative research in public health must be explored; it cannot simply be accepted without reflection or analysis. To guide such an investigation, the work of Michel Foucault and Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri is used to examine two previous research projects that were undertaken by the author. The outcome of this analysis is the somewhat paradoxical conclusion that although qualitative research can enhance public health work, it may also be a strategy that generates the information that can be used for capturing and normalizing marginalized populations. Qualitative research, in other words, may be a technique that can be used to achieve biopolitical goals.
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Morgan, Nicholas C. "“I've Never Seen You When You Weren't Pregnant”." TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly 7, no. 4 (November 1, 2020): 674–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/23289252-8665411.
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Abstract This essay posits in Vaginal Davis's 1987 video That Fertile Feeling a strategy of resistance to HIV/AIDS rooted in the dynamic of transfeminine pregnancy and fertility, arguing that Davis develops a range of aesthetic strategies for undermining, inverting, and appropriating mainstream discourses of reproduction as they intersect with legal strictures and cultural scripts around normative understandings of embodiment, health, and the notion of morality embedded in the period's dominant set of “family values.” AIDS is not, on the surface of things, a central referent in That Fertile Feeling, but the author shows how precisely this submerged status of the crisis as a signifier in the video allows Davis to visualize a broad biopolitical field and situate the epidemic within that field to address the interrelated, mutually supporting injustices perpetuated at its peak in Los Angeles. The figure of the excessively fertile trans woman emerges as useful for theorizing this oblique yet radiant approach to developing a coalitional ethos to confront both the politics around the AIDS crisis in LA at the time and its material and psychic impact.
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Bergthaller, Hannes. "Malthusian Biopolitics, Ecological Immunity, and the Anthropocene // Biopolítica malthusiana, inmunidad ecológica y el antropoceno." Ecozon@: European Journal of Literature, Culture and Environment 9, no. 1 (April 28, 2018): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/ecozona.2018.9.1.2287.
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This essay argues that Michel Foucault’s original introduction of the concept of biopolitics should be seen as responding to Emmanuel LeRoy Ladurie’s notion of a “Malthusian curse” which during medieval and early modern times kept the French population in check. Biopolitics was, in its original conception, the management of human and nonhuman populations, securing them against famine and disease so as to allow for continuous growth. During the second half of 20th century, however, Neo-Malthusian thinkers pointed out that these strategies for immunizing human life against the vagaries of ecological existence had come to endanger the basic conditions of life precisely to the degree that they had been successful-ushering in the new geological epoch we have lately begun to refer to as the Anthropocene. This paradoxical dynamic can be understood in terms of what Roberto Esposito has described as an “immunitary double-bind”: existing immunitary defenses can no longer be dismantled without causing significant harm to human life, yet failure to dismantle them will increase the risk of incurring even greater harm in the future. Such an account, it is argued, yields a more ambivalent picture than the starkly negative views which continue to dominate biopolitical theory. Resumen Este ensayo sostiene que la introducción original de Michel Foucault del concepto de biopolítica debería entenderse como respuesta a la noción de “maldición malthusiana” de LeRoy Ladurie que durante la época medieval y moderna mantuvo bajo control a la población francesa. La biopolítica era, en su concepción original, la gestión de poblaciones humanas y no humanas, protegiendolas frente a la hambruna y la enfermedad, y permitiendo un crecimiento continuo. Durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX, sin embargo, los pensadores neo-malthusianos apuntaron que estas estrategias de inmunización de la vida humana frente a los antojos de la existencia ecológica habían terminado por poner en peligro las condiciones básicas de la vida precisamente hasta el punto de que habían tenido éxito—marcando el inicio de la nueva época geológica que recientemente hemos denominado Antropoceno. Esta dinámica paradójica puede entenderse como lo que Roberto Esposito ha descrito como una “atadura doble inmunitaria”: las defensas inmunitarias existentes no pueden desmantelarse sin causar un daño significativo a la vida humana, pero fracasar en desmantelarlas aumentaría el riesgo de sufrir aún más daño en el futuro. Tal explicación, se argumenta, ofrece un retrato más ambivalente que las vistas claramente negativas que continúan dominando la teoría biopolítica.
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Delmas, Adrien, and David Goeury. "Bordering the world as a response to emerging infectious disease. The case of SARS CoV-2." Borders in Globalization Review 2, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/bigr21202019760.
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Facing emerging zoonose SARS-CoV-2, states decided unilaterally to close borders to individuals and revealed deep processes at work ‘bordering of the world’. Smart borders promoted by international organizations have allowed the filtering of indispensables (merchandise, data, capital and key workers) from dispensables (human beings) and, above all, the redefinition of the balance of biopolitical power between state and society. The observation of the unprecedented phenomenon of the activation and generalization of the global border machinery captures a common global dynamic. After a round-the-world tour of border closures between 21 January and 7 July 2020, we concentrate on a few emblematic cases: the Schengen zone, the USA–Canada and USA–Mexico borders, Brazil–Uruguay, Malaysia–Singapore and Morocco–Spain. We interrogate the justification and the strategies of border closure in a context of the global spread of an emerging epidemic, going beyond the simple medical argument. Choices appear to be dependent on ideological orientations henceforth dominant on the function and role of borders. We will discuss the acceleration of the bordering of the world, the forms of its outcome and its difficult reversibility
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Salamanca, Omar Jabary. "Unplug and Play: Manufacturing Collapse in Gaza." Human Geography 4, no. 1 (March 2011): 22–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194277861100400103.
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This article examines how colonial violence has been recast in light of Israel's disengagement from Gaza during the summer 2005. By looking at infrastructural networks —the systems that distribute water, electricity, sewage, fuel etc—it explores how far from ending the occupation, disengagement provided a distinct spatial scale from which to experiment new methods of control and repression. In particular, it seeks to expose how these life support systems function as geopolitical sites of spatial control and as biopolitical tools to regulate and suppress life. Specially, it illustrates how the mobilization of discourses, strategies and doctrines, criminalize these critical systems turning them into ‘legitimate’ and ‘pre-emptive’ targets. Drawing on the destruction of Gaza's only power plant and the subsequent sanctions on electricity and fuel, it argues that the destruction and manipulation of infrastructural networks has severe consequences, particularly in public health. In exploring these claims with respect to Gaza, the article draws attention to the ways in which infrastructures play a crucial role in regulating the elastic Gaza's humanitarian collapse. The article closes introducing the concept of infrastructural violence as way to further explore this discussion.
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Hennessy, Elizabeth. "The politics of a natural laboratory: Claiming territory and governing life in the Galápagos Islands." Social Studies of Science 48, no. 4 (July 17, 2018): 483–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312718788179.
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The Galápagos Islands are often called a natural laboratory of evolution. This metaphor provides a powerful way of understanding space that, through scientific research, conservation and tourism, has shaped the archipelago over the past century. Combining environmental histories of field science with political ecologies of conservation biopower, this article foregrounds the territorial production of the archipelago as a living laboratory. In the mid-twentieth century, foreign naturalists used the metaphor to make land claims as they campaigned to create the Galápagos National Park and Charles Darwin Research Station. Unlike earlier ‘parks for science’, these institutions were not established under colonial rule, but through postwar institutions of transnational environmental governance that nonetheless continued colonial approaches to nature protection. In the following decades, the metaphor became a rationale for territorial management through biopolitical strategies designed to ensure isolation by controlling human access and introduced species. This article’s approach extends the scope of what is at stake in histories of field science: not only the production of knowledge and authority of knowledge claims, but also the foundation of global environmental governance and authority over life and death in particular places. Yet while the natural laboratory was a powerful geographical imagination, analysis shows that it was also an unsustainable goal.
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Cutolo, Armando. "Modernity, Autochthony and the Ivorian Nation: the End of a Century in Côte d'Ivoire." Africa 80, no. 4 (November 2010): 527–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2010.0401.
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ABSTRACTIn the mid-1990s, Côte d'Ivoire witnessed the rise of the ideology of ivoirité, a conception of citizenship based on autochthonous origins. Ivoirité was elaborated by a group of Ivorian intellectuals in the context of the political struggle opposing Henry Konan Bedié to Alassane Ouattara in the succession to the late President Houphouët-Boigny. Through the tactical use of the rhetoric of ivoirité, Ouattara was depicted by his adversaries as a ‘Burkinabé’ trying to rule the country. Going beyond this tactical aspect, the article addresses the ideological relations linking ivoirité to the ‘project of an Ivorian liberal society’ explicitly constructed by the same intellectuals. These relations contributed to the emergence, in the Ivorian public space, of a discourse establishing self-evident, hegemonic connections between notions like autochthony, modernity and nationality, on the one hand, and biopolitical concepts like population, immigration, security and resources on the other. The article uses two complementary perspectives to frame this emergent discourse. One focuses on the historical continuity of the political-economic strategies and population policies implemented by colonial governments and post-colonial elites. The other uses Giorgio Agamben's critical enquiry into citizenship and nationality to bring to light the implication of the ivoirité intellectuals in the construction of a national bios, and thus in the singling out of a paradigmatic form of bare life.
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Lugo-Morin, Diosey Ramon. "Innovate or Perish: Food Policy Design in an Indigenous Context in a Post-Pandemic and Climate Adaptation Era." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 8, no. 1 (February 4, 2022): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8010034.
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The objective of this study is to explore the strengths of indigenous food systems in Latin America within the framework of effective food policies. The analysis is based on the adaptive capacity of human beings, and, in this logic, it considers the food systems of Latin America to be relevant since in the face of challenges, such as climate change and the COVID-19 pandemic, indigenous peoples have been able to establish response strategies. However, beyond these responses, we find a region that has assumed a biopolitical stance with a tendency to design control policies in response to the pandemic. This situation has not improved the inequalities and vulnerabilities of a sector of the indigenous population in Latin America. The aforementioned challenges give a clear picture of the strengths of the region’s indigenous people, and knowledge of this interactive dynamic can provide elements for the design of food policies. In this sense, an exhaustive literature review was carried out in order to approach the state of the art of the issue. The analysis was derived from three analytical categories that in synergy and from an open innovation perspective, make a proposal for the design and implementation of effective food policies that allow a region to learn from local indigenous experiences in a context of food insecurity.
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Solovey, Irina V. "Discourse Strategies of Individuals in Biopolitics Structures." Dialogue and Universalism 24, no. 3 (2014): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du201424383.
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Silva, Rafael Guimarães Tavares da, and Yasmine Martins Diniz. "“Precisamos tratar da Alice”: Dificuldades na aprendizagem, da ritalina à literatura." Revista Educação e Emancipação 14, no. 1 (March 29, 2021): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2358-4319.v14n1p65-84.
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Partindo de dados recentes sobre o crescimento exponencial do uso de medicamentos na educação de crianças e jovens, em especial com relação às dificuldades de aprendizagem, propomos uma reflexão crítica sobre o impacto pessoal e social desse tipo de mudança. Para isso, recorremos a pesquisas atuais sobre o assunto e, encarando-as da perspectiva crítica delineada por Michel Foucault ao longo de sua obra, buscamos alternativas às atuais estratégias biopolíticas de controle social, dentre as quais se encontram a medicalização da vida e a medicamentação do ensino. Com esse objetivo, recorremos à literatura – e à arte de modo geral – como caminhos abertos aos educadores dispostos a suscitar vivências emancipadoras a quem se encontre envolvido em suas propostas de construção do conhecimento. No início do presente artigo, delineamos um experimento de viés literário com o fim de sugerir estratégias disponíveis aos professores para contornar reais problemas de aprendizagem que venham a enfrentar em sala de aula.Palavras-chave: Medicamentação da sociedade; Ensino de literatura; Sociologia da educação.“We need to deal with Alice”: learning difficulties, from ritalin to literature ABSTRACT Based on recent data on the exponential growth in the use of medicines in the education of children and young people, especially in relation to learning difficulties, we propose a critical reflection about the personal and social impact of this type of change. For this, we employ recent research on the subject and, facing them from the critical perspective outlined by Michel Foucault throughout his work, we seek alternatives to the current biopolitical strategies of social control, among which are the medicalization of life and the medicamentation of teaching. With this objective in mind, we resort to literature – and art in general – as open paths for educators willing to raise emancipatory experiences for anyone involved in their knowledge construction processes. At the beginning of this article, we outline an experiment with a literary bias in order to suggest strategies available to teachers willing to deal properly with real learning problems in the classroom.Keywords: Medicamentation of society; Teaching literature; Sociology of education.“Necesitamos tratar con Alice”: dificultades de aprendizaje, del ritalín a la literaturaRESUMENCon base en datos recientes sobre el crecimiento exponencial en el uso de medicamentos en la educación de niños y jóvenes, especialmente en relación con las dificultades de aprendizaje, proponemos una reflexión crítica sobre el impacto personal y social de este tipo de cambio. Para ello, empleamos investigaciones recientes sobre el tema y, desde la perspectiva crítica esbozada por Michel Foucault a lo largo de su trabajo, buscamos alternativas a las estrategias biopolíticas actuales de control social, entre las cuales se encuentran la medicalización de la vida y la medicamentación de la enseñanza. Con este objetivo en mente, recurrimos a la literatura, y al arte en general, como caminos abiertos para los educadores dispuestos a generar experiencias emancipadoras para cualquier persona presente en sus procesos de construcción de conocimiento. Al comienzo de este artículo, describimos un experimento con un sesgo literario para sugerir estrategias disponibles para los maestros capaces de lidiar adecuadamente con problemas reales de aprendizaje en el aula.Palabras clave: Medicamentación de la sociedad; Enseñanza de literatura; Sociología de la educación.
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Gugin, David A. "The Politics of Teaching Biopolitics." Politics and the Life Sciences 5, no. 1 (August 1986): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0730938400001593.
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Curriculum change in colleges and universities depends in some situations on issues other than the substance or content of the proposed changes.If introduction of courses such as those which incorporate the literature of biopolitics take the interdisciplinary form, the innovator must develop appropriate political strategies and tactics. The particular politics so developed must identify critical environmental constraints, including departmental jurisdiction, the prevailing reward structure within the institution, and relative importance of the formal and informal governance procedures.Most critical in certain relatively small and not particularly “bureaucratized” institutions are the attitude of the institution's president toward academic innovation and the degree of threat posed by the new course to the traditional turf of relevant departments. If presidential and vice presidential support for academic innovation are widely perceived and if departmental concerns are satisfied, much latitude for the persistent academic politician exists.It is entirely possible that a politics which understands and accepts the institution's formal and informal governance procedures is more critical than the content of proposed courses even when the course content is biopolitics.
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Makarychev, Andrey, and Alexandra Yatsyk. "Biopower and geopolitics as Russia's neighborhood strategies: reconnecting people or reaggregating lands?" Nationalities Papers 45, no. 1 (January 2017): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2016.1248385.
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In this article, we address geopolitics and biopower as two different yet mutually correlative discursive strategies of sovereign power in Russia. We challenge the dominant realist approaches to Russia's neighborhood policy by introducing the concept of biopolitics as its key element, which makes analysis of political relations in the post-Soviet area more nuanced and variegated. More specifically, we address an important distinction between geopolitical control over territories and management of population as two of Russia's strategies in its “near abroad.”
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Žekevičius, Aistis. "Algoritminė valdysena: implikacijos, priešinimosi strategijos ir santykis su biogalia." Athena: filosofijos studijos 16 (December 30, 2021): 124–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.53631/athena.2021.16.8.
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In the article, I associate modern algorithmic technologies with biopolitics by proposing a hypothesis that despite several fundamental differences, there are certain similarities between algorithmic control and biopower. In order to prove it, I first thoroughly review Rouvroy and Berns and Stiegler’s concepts of algorithmic control and distinguish strengths and weaknesses of their theories. Further, I briefly draw attention to the impact of algorithmic governmentality on the perception of the categories of the subject, normativity, individual freedom, and autonomy, as well as analyze strategies for resisting algorithmic governmentality. Finally, I consider the relationship between algorithmic governmentality and biopower, and the implications that algorithmic governmentality may have for life as such, which was traditionally associated with biopolitics, as well as question the future of the concept of biopower.
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Winter, Yves. "The Siege of Gaza: Spatial Violence, Humanitarian Strategies, and the Biopolitics of Punishment." Constellations 23, no. 2 (November 18, 2015): 308–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8675.12185.
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Williamson, Ben. "Coding the biodigital child: the biopolitics and pedagogic strategies of educational data science." Pedagogy, Culture & Society 24, no. 3 (May 4, 2016): 401–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14681366.2016.1175499.
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Ferreira, Francisco Romão, Shirley Donizete Prado, Maria Claudia da Veiga Soares Carvalho, and Fabiana Bom Kraemer. "Biopower and biopolitics in the field of Food and Nutrition." Revista de Nutrição 28, no. 1 (February 2015): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1415-52732015000100010.
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A conceptual discussion on the discourses of the social actors in the field of Food and Nutrition is proposed, presenting the existing conflicts, discursive strategies and struggles for academic legitimacy. The line of argumentation follows the biopower concept developed by Michel Foucault, who presents medicine as a knowledge-power focused at the same time on the body and the population, the human body and the biological processes, producing disciplinary results and widespread regulatory effects on society. Based on this concept it is argued that the discourses produced in the field put hegemonic and counter-hegemonic interests in confrontation, political disputes disguised by "abstract" epistemological discussions, strategies to lure consumers, life standardization and medicalization. Such discourses translate instances of power in dispute, economic interests, structural conflicts, political impasses. New elements are presented for the production of knowledge for professionals of Nutrition and for the perception of the feeding act beyond the nutritional, biological, biomedical and epistemological parameters, which in essence are clearly political once they convey tensions between the conceptual structures that also operate in the interior of the field. It is assumed that there is no such health or nutrition as abstract, neutral fields, detached from reality; such dimensions are part of the material, concrete life and carry symbolic, cultural and subjective values. Considering only the nutritional aspects of nutrition is to impoverish and weaken it, and the discussion that seems to be "merely conceptual" brings to light important issues that the professionals in the field of Food and Nutrition should address.
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Dyakov, Aleksandr, and Aleksei Sokolov. "The State Sovereignty in the Realm of the Philosophical Reflexion: the Civilization Strategies and the Biopolitics." Вопросы философии, no. 11 (2018): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s004287440001890-4.
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Flis, Maria Jolanta. "Tożsamość natury ludzkiej i dominująca w kulturze europejskiej strategia tożsamościowa." Kultura i Społeczeństwo 64, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35757/kis.2020.64.2.8.
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The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that there is a strong correlation between the concept of human nature and culturally dominant strategies for constructing the “Other” in European culture. This relationship results in specific challenges for the social anthropologist, particularly in connection with efforts to overcome common knowledge by unveiling and disclosing the real structure of social processes. The sphere of biopolitics has shown that citizens can be stimulated by fear to act. Yet fear has a moral dimension, and thus an engaged anthropology is now needed in order to combat social injustice more actively.
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Osuri, Goldie. "Transnational Bio/Necropolitics: Hindutva and its Avatars (Australia/India)." Somatechnics 1, no. 1 (March 2011): 138–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/soma.2011.0011.
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In the US diasporic context, Kamat and Matthews (2003) have traced how Hindu nationalists draw on multiculturalist discourse for their presence while simultaneously funding cultural and political projects in India that incite hate and conduct violence against Muslim and Christian communities. In the Australian context, Hindu nationalist organisations have legitimised and consolidate themselves through the rhetoric of liberal multiculturalism. Such strategies which draw on state rhetoric of multiculturalism while simultaneously engaging in hate campaigns against Muslim and Christian others demonstrates Hindutva's ability to operate through a transnational necropolitics. This paper explores how a state biopolitics of multiculturalism enables the violence of Hindutva's necropolitics in the transnational routes between Australia and India.
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Twardoch-Raś, Ewelina. "Biometric trails of nonhuman environments. Medical imaging of plants’ bodies in bio-artistic projects." Panoptikum, no. 21 (December 18, 2019): 46–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/pan.2019.21.03.
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The aim of the article is to introduce the problem of plants’ representations in the contemporary artistic projects based on medical imaging. The author analyses the problem in the perspective of posthumanistic philosophy, especially in reference to the theories of animal studies (Wolfe, Bakoff, Waldau). She also introduces the concept of Michael Marder, who builds his argument around the question of whether people are the only ones who have political, social and ethical rights. The second part of the article concerns strategies and method of plants’ bodies parametrization used in the selected artistic project. The author presents a few of them to show how artists investigate the problem of identity, autonomy and agency of non-human beings, with special regard to plants. The projects are analyzed in reference to various theories of connections between human and non-human beings, as well as to biopolitics’ strategies.
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Scarano, Renan Costa Valle, and Carmen Regina Dorneles Nogueira. "UMA ABORDAGEM BIOPOLÍTICA DA ECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA A PARTIR DE MICHEL FOUCAULT." InterEspaço: Revista de Geografia e Interdisciplinaridade 2, no. 6 (March 9, 2017): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2446-6549/interespaco.v2n6p379-395.
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O propósito deste artigo é analisar a Economia Solidária a partir da noção foucaultiana de Biopolítica. O movimento de Economia Solidária visa estabelecer-se numa perspectiva de inclusão econômica e, a partir do trabalho associado. Enquanto organização política, a Economia Solidária, procura, a partir do Projeto de Lei nº 4.685/2012, estabelecer-se como Política Nacional de Economia Solidária. Com isso, espera-se que a mesma defina os princípios e objetivos de tal política mediante uma estratégia de governo. Portanto, há aspectos que podem ser analisados mediante a noção de poder, mencionada por Michel Foucault, na metade dos anos 70, denominada de Biopolítica. Essa noção diz respeito a práticas e estratégias de controle da população, de governo da vida da mesma, utilizando-se de práticas de regulamentação.Palavras-chave: Biopolítica; Economia Solidária; Poder.AN APPROACH BIOPOLITICS OF SOLIDARITY ECONOMY FROM MICHEL FOUCAULTABSTRACTThe goal of this article is approach the notion of Biopolitics of Michel Foucault. The movement of Solidarity Economy its aims to establish in a perspective of inclusion economic and from work associated. As a politic organization, the Solidarity Economy, search through project of law number 4.685/2012, establish themselves as public policy. It is expect that the same set its principles and objectives of its policy by notion of power, mentioned for Foucault, in the mid-70, called biopolitics. This term refers to practices and population control strategies, the government of life, using pratices to standardize and regulate.Keywords: Biopolitics; Solidarity Economy; Power.UN ENFOQUE BIOPOLÍTICO DE LA ECONOMIA SOLIDARIA A PARTIR DE MICHEL FOUCAULTRESUMENEl propósito de este trabajo es analizar la Economía Solidaria a partir de la noción de Michel Foucault sobre Biopolítica. El movimiento de Economía Solidaria busca establecerse en una perspectiva de inclusión económica y, a partir del trabajo asociado. Como organización política, la Economía Solidaria, busca, a través del proyecto de ley nº 4.685/2012, establecerse como Política Nacional de Economía Solidaria. Con eso, se espera que la misma, defina sus principios y objetivos de su política por medio de la noción de poder, mencionada por Michel Foucault, en la mitad del silo 70, denominada de Biopolítica. Esta noción, refiere-se a prácticas y estrategias de control de la población, del gobierno de la vida, utilizándose de prácticas para normalizar y reglamentar.Palabras clave: Biopolítica; Economía Solidaria; Poder.
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Ducournau, Pascal, and Claire Beaudevin. "Of deterritorialization, healthism and biosocialities: the companies' marketing and users' experiences of online genetics." Journal of Science Communication 10, no. 03 (September 21, 2011): C04. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.10030304.
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Since the early 2000s, anybody can buy genetic tests, directly sold on the Internet. These tests provide information about susceptibilities to some diseases and/or about ancestry. Thus, this article deals with a new e-market, whose scientific basis (validity of the tests) and status (as medical devices or consumer goods) are currently controversial. On one hand, we describe the tests and the advertisement and marketing strategies used by the companies (we made an inventory of about 40); on the other hand, we discuss several aspects on the basis of interviews conducted with users: first, the entanglement of these strategies with the global context of healthism and the emphasis put on individuals’ empowerment regarding health decisions — “individualized biopolitics”. In addition, this article broaches the new kind of biosocial networks appearing in these tests’ wake: some users indeed gather on the basis of a genetic proximity, as is it put forward by their results.