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Journal articles on the topic 'Bioremediation ex situ'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Steffan, Robert J., Joseph Quinnan, Matthew Walsh, Stewart H. Abrams, Simon Vainberg, Charles Condee, A. Paul Togna, and Paul B. Hatzinger. "IN SITU AND EX SITU APPROACHES FOR MTBE BIOREMEDIATION." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2000, no. 10 (January 1, 2000): 225–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864700784545432.

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2

Lin, Ta-Chen, Po-Tsen Pan, and Sheng-Shung Cheng. "Ex situ bioremediation of oil-contaminated soil." Journal of Hazardous Materials 176, no. 1-3 (April 15, 2010): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.10.080.

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3

Guerin, Turlough F. "Ex-situ bioremediation of chlorobenzenes in soil." Journal of Hazardous Materials 154, no. 1-3 (June 2008): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.09.094.

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4

Hatzinger, Paul B., M. Casey Whittier, Martha D. Arkins, Chris W. Bryan, and William J. Guarini. "In-Situ and Ex-Situ Bioremediation Options for Treating Perchlorate in Groundwater." Remediation Journal 12, no. 2 (March 2002): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.10026.

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5

Wadgaonkar, Shrutika L., Alberto Ferraro, Yarlagadda V. Nancharaiah, Karaj S. Dhillon, Massimiliano Fabbricino, Giovanni Esposito, and Piet N. L. Lens. "In situ and ex situ bioremediation of seleniferous soils from northwestern India." Journal of Soils and Sediments 19, no. 2 (June 23, 2018): 762–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11368-018-2055-7.

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6

Rajamohan, N., R. Manivasagan, and F. Al Fazari. "Treatment of Diesel Oil Contaminated Soil by Ex-situ Bioremediation." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9, no. 4 (August 10, 2019): 4334–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2700.

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Treatment of oil-polluted soil is a challenging problem faced by all refineries and petrochemical industries. In this research study, bioremediation of diesel oil contaminated soil was conducted for diesel concentration ranging from 5% to 20%. The physicochemical characteristics of diesel oil contaminated soil were studied. The effects of soil amendments, namely coconut ash powder, biofilter activated sludge, and NPK fertilizer, on total petroleum hydrocarbon removal efficiency were studied. The maximum total petroleum hydrocarbon removal efficiency achieved was 94.5% when 4g NPK, 40g of activated sludge and 40g of coconut ash powder per 1000g of contaminated soil were used. The studies on the effect of temperature confirmed the optimal temperature as 35°C. The parametric studies confirmed that the degradation efficiency decreased with increase in diesel oil concentration.

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7

Prpich, George P., Rachel L. Adams, and Andrew J. Daugulis. "Ex situ bioremediation of phenol contaminated soil using polymer beads." Biotechnology Letters 28, no. 24 (September 29, 2006): 2027–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10529-006-9189-1.

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8

Larsen, Sille Bendix, Dimitar Karakashev, Irini Angelidaki, and Jens Ejbye Schmidt. "Ex-situ bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sewage sludge." Journal of Hazardous Materials 164, no. 2-3 (May 30, 2009): 1568–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.08.067.

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9

Beskoski, Vladimir, Milos Takic, Jelena Milic, Mila Ilic, Gordana Gojgic-Cvijovic, Branimir Jovancicevic, and Miroslav Vrvic. "Change of isoprenoids, steranes and terpanes during ex situ bioremediation of mazut on industrial level." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 75, no. 11 (2010): 1605–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc100505091b.

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The paper presents results of the ex situ bioremediation of soil contaminated by mazut (heavy residual fuel oil) in the field scale (600 m3). A treatment-bed (thickness 0.4 m) consisted of mechanically mixed mazut-contaminated soil, softwood sawdust as the additional carbon source and crude river sand, as bulking and porosity increasing material. The inoculation/reinoculation was conducted periodically using a biomass of a consortium of zymogenous microorganisms isolated from the bioremediation substrate. The biostimulation was performed through addition of nutritious substances (N, P and K). The aeration was improved by systematic mixing of the bioremediation system. After 50 days, the number of hydrocarbon degraders increased 100 times. Based on the changes in the group composition, the average biodegradation rate during bioremediation was 24 mg/kg/day for the aliphatic fraction, 6 mg/kg/day for the aromatic fraction, and 3 mg/kg/day for the nitrogen-sulphuroxygen compounds (NSO)-asphaltene fraction. In the saturated hydrocarbon fraction, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in the single ion-monitoring mode (SIM) was applied to analyse isoprenoids pristane and phytane and polycyclic molecules of sterane and triterpane type. Biodegradation occurred during the bioremediation process, as well as reduction of relative quantities of isoprenoids, steranes, tri- and tetracyclic terpanes and pentacyclic terpanes of hopane type.

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10

Horst, John F., Caitlin H. Bell, Andrew Lorenz, Monica Heintz, Yu Miao, Jackie Saling, David Favero, and Shaily Mahendra. "Bioremediation of 1,4‐Dioxane: Successful Demonstration of In Situ and Ex Situ Approaches." Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation 39, no. 4 (October 2019): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwmr.12354.

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11

Yergeau, Etienne, Mélanie Arbour, Roland Brousseau, David Juck, John R. Lawrence, Luke Masson, Lyle G. Whyte, and Charles W. Greer. "Microarray and Real-Time PCR Analyses of the Responses of High-Arctic Soil Bacteria to Hydrocarbon Pollution and Bioremediation Treatments." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 19 (August 14, 2009): 6258–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01029-09.

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ABSTRACT High-Arctic soils have low nutrient availability, low moisture content, and very low temperatures and, as such, they pose a particular problem in terms of hydrocarbon bioremediation. An in-depth knowledge of the microbiology involved in this process is likely to be crucial to understand and optimize the factors most influencing bioremediation. Here, we compared two distinct large-scale field bioremediation experiments, located at the Canadian high-Arctic stations of Alert (ex situ approach) and Eureka (in situ approach). Bacterial community structure and function were assessed using microarrays targeting the 16S rRNA genes of bacteria found in cold environments and hydrocarbon degradation genes as well as quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR targeting key functional genes. The results indicated a large difference between sampling sites in terms of both soil microbiology and decontamination rates. A rapid reorganization of the bacterial community structure and functional potential as well as rapid increases in the expression of alkane monooxygenases and polyaromatic hydrocarbon-ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases were observed 1 month after the bioremediation treatment commenced in the Alert soils. In contrast, no clear changes in community structure were observed in Eureka soils, while key gene expression increased after a relatively long lag period (1 year). Such discrepancies are likely caused by differences in bioremediation treatments (i.e., ex situ versus in situ), weathering of the hydrocarbons, indigenous microbial communities, and environmental factors such as soil humidity and temperature. In addition, this study demonstrates the value of molecular tools for the monitoring of polar bacteria and their associated functions during bioremediation.

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12

Zeradjanin, Aleksandra, Jelena Avdalovic, Marija Ljesevic, Olivera Tesic, Srdjan Miletic, Miroslav Vrvic, and Vladimir Beskoski. "Evolution of humic acids during ex situ bioremediation on a pilot level: The added value of the microbial activity." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 85, no. 6 (2020): 821–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc190916131z.

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Environmental pollution is a global problem, while bioremediation technology removes pollutants from the environment using microorganisms. This study was aimed at investigating how a bioremediation process affected soil humification. In soil polluted with petroleum and its derivatives that was submitted to bioremediation, besides the total petroleum hydrocarbons and the number of microorganisms, quantitative and qualitative changes of isolated humic acids were determined during the process. The bioremediation of 150 m3 of polluted soil lasted 150 days. The level of total petroleum hydrocarbons decreased by 86.6 %, while the level of humic acids increased by 26.5 %. The elemental analysis showed the reduction of C and the H/C ratio and the increase of O and the O/C ratio of isolated humic acids during the process. The ratio of absorbencies at 465 and 665 nm also increased. Based on this and the Fourier-transform infrared spectra, it was shown that the humic acids isolated at the end of bioremediation were enriched with oxygen functional groups and aromatic structures. This study provides one of the first insights into the relationship between bioremediation and humification, as well as evidence of how hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms have a significant influence on changes to humic acid structure during bioremediation.

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13

Carberry, Judith Bower, and John Wik. "COMPARISON OF EX SITU AND IN SITU BIOREMEDIATION OF UNSATURATED SOILS CONTAMINATED BY PETROLEUM." Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A 36, no. 8 (August 31, 2001): 1491–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/ese-100105726.

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14

Dott, Wolfgang, Doris Feidieker, Martin Steiof, Petra M. Becker, and Peter Kämpfer. "Comparison of ex situ and in situ techniques for bioremediation of hydrocarbon-polluted soils." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 35, no. 1-3 (January 1995): 301–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0964-8305(95)00040-c.

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15

Dott, W., D. Feidieker, M. Steiof, P. M. Becker, and P. Kämpfer. "Comparison of ex situ and in situ techniques for bioremediation of hydrocarbon-polluted soils." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 35, no. 1-3 (January 1995): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0964-8305(95)90040-3.

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16

Paniagua-Michel, J., and O. Garcia. "Ex-situ bioremediation of shrimp culture effluent using constructed microbial mats." Aquacultural Engineering 28, no. 3-4 (August 2003): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0144-8609(03)00011-6.

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17

Ferreira, I. D., and D. M. Morita. "Ex-situ bioremediation of Brazilian soil contaminated with plasticizers process wastes." Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering 29, no. 1 (March 2012): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-66322012000100009.

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18

Toffoletto, Laurence, Louise Deschênes, and Réjean Samson. "LCA of Ex-Situ Bioremediation of Diesel-Contaminated Soil (11 pp)." International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 10, no. 6 (October 18, 2004): 406–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/lca2004.09.180.12.

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19

Rojas-Avelizapa, N. G., T. Roldán-Carrillo, H. Zegarra-Martínez, A. M. Muñoz-Colunga, and L. C. Fernández-Linares. "A field trial for an ex-situ bioremediation of a drilling mud-polluted site." Chemosphere 66, no. 9 (January 2007): 1595–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.08.011.

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20

Höckenreiner, M., H. Neugebauer, and L. Elango. "Ex situ bioremediation method for the treatment of groundwater contaminated with PAHs." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 12, no. 1 (December 5, 2013): 285–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13762-013-0427-5.

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21

Mohajeri, Leila, Hamidi Abdul Aziz, Mohamed Hasnain Isa, Mohammad Ali Zahed, and Soraya Mohajeri. "Ex-situ Bioremediation of Crude Oil in Soil, a Comparative Kinetic Analysis." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 85, no. 1 (June 25, 2010): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-010-0058-1.

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22

Mariano, Adriano Pinto, Sérgio Henrique Rezende Crivelaro, Dejanira de Franceschi de Angelis, and Daniel Marcos Bonotto. "The use of vinasse as an amendment to ex-situ bioremediation of soil and groundwater contaminated with diesel oil." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 52, no. 4 (August 2009): 1043–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132009000400030.

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This work investigated the possibility of using vinasse as an amendment in ex-situ bioremediation processes. Groundwater and soil samples were collected at petrol stations. The soil bioremediation was simulated in Bartha biometer flasks, used to measure the microbial CO2 production, during 48 days, where vinasse was added at a concentration of 33 mL.Kg-1of soil. Biodegradation efficiency was also measured by quantifying the total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) by gas chromatography. The groundwater bioremediation was carried out in laboratory experiments simulating aerated (bioreactors) and not aerated (BOD flasks) conditions. In both the cases, the concentration of vinasse was 5 % (v/v) and different physicochemical parameters were evaluated during 20 days. Although an increase in the soil fertility and microbial population were obtained with the vinasse, it demonstrated not to be adequate to enhance the bioremediation efficiency of diesel oil contaminated soils. The addition of the vinasse in the contaminated groundwaters had negative effects on the biodegradation of the hydrocarbons, since vinasse, as a labile carbon source, was preferentially consumed.

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23

Yap, How Swen, Nur Nadhirah Zakaria, Azham Zulkharnain, Suriana Sabri, Claudio Gomez-Fuentes, and Siti Aqlima Ahmad. "Bibliometric Analysis of Hydrocarbon Bioremediation in Cold Regions and a Review on Enhanced Soil Bioremediation." Biology 10, no. 5 (April 22, 2021): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10050354.

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The increased usage of petroleum oils in cold regions has led to widespread oil pollutants in soils. The harsh environmental conditions in cold environments allow the persistence of these oil pollutants in soils for more than 20 years, raising adverse threats to the ecosystem. Microbial bioremediation was proposed and employed as a cost-effective tool to remediate petroleum hydrocarbons present in soils without significantly posing harmful side effects. However, the conventional hydrocarbon bioremediation requires a longer time to achieve the clean-up standard due to various environmental factors in cold regions. Recent biotechnological improvements using biostimulation and/or bioaugmentation strategies are reported and implemented to enhance the hydrocarbon removal efficiency under cold conditions. Thus, this review focuses on the enhanced bioremediation for hydrocarbon-polluted soils in cold regions, highlighting in situ and ex situ approaches and few potential enhancements via the exploitation of molecular and microbial technology in response to the cold condition. The bibliometric analysis of the hydrocarbon bioremediation research in cold regions is also presented.

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24

Juneau, Armand A., Ellen Moyer, and Joseph E. O'Connell. "Case study ofex situ remediation and conversion to a combinedin situ/ex situ bioremediation approach at an oxygenated gasoline release site." Remediation Journal 17, no. 2 (2007): 19–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.20122.

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25

Sales da Silva, Israel Gonçalves, Fabíola Carolina Gomes de Almeida, Nathália Maria Padilha da Rocha e Silva, Alessandro Alberto Casazza, Attilio Converti, and Leonie Asfora Sarubbo. "Soil Bioremediation: Overview of Technologies and Trends." Energies 13, no. 18 (September 8, 2020): 4664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184664.

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Petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals and agricultural pesticides have mutagenic, carcinogenic, immunotoxic and teratogenic effects and cause drastic changes in soil physicochemical and microbiological characteristics, thereby representing a serious danger to health and environment. Therefore, soil pollution urgently requires the application of a series of physicochemical and biological techniques and treatments to minimize the extent of damage. Among them, bioremediation has been shown to be an alternative that can offer an economically viable way to restore polluted areas. Due to the difficulty in choosing the best bioremediation technique for each type of pollutant and the paucity of literature on soil bioremediation enhanced by the use of specific additives, we reviewed the main in situ and ex situ methods, their current properties and applications. The first section discusses the characteristics of each class of pollutants in detail, while the second section presents current bioremediation technologies and their main uses, followed by a comparative analysis showing their respective advantages and disadvantages. Finally, we address the application of surfactants and biosurfactants as well as the main trends in the bioremediation of contaminated soils.

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26

Wijayanti, Titik, and Dinna Eka G. Lestari. "BIOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED WASTE BY CADMIUM (Cd) IN WATERS USING INDIGEN BACTERIUM WITH EX-SITU WAY." Jurnal Pena Sains 4, no. 2 (October 29, 2017): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/jps.v4i2.3207.

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<p><em>The bioremediation technique </em><em>for</em><em> a contaminated liquid waste of heavy metals using indigen</em><em>ous</em> bacteria is a convenient alternative to steps continues to be developed. The research aims to find out the effectiveness of an indigenous bacterial consortium<em></em><em> in bioremediation of contaminated liquid waste </em><em>by</em><em> cadmium </em><em>by</em><em> ex-situ. Experiments </em><em>were</em><em> arranged in RAL made in ex-situ where a liquid waste industry was given five treatments, namely control and four indigen</em><em>ous</em><em> bacterial consortia (A, D, E, and J) obtained from the isolation of bacteria originating from cadmium-contaminated of waste in Pasuruan </em><em>district</em><em>. Furthermore conducted observations of BOD<sub>5</sub>, COD, d.o. and Cd for seven days to find out the effectiveness of bioremediation. The results showed the four </em><em>indigenous </em><em>bacteria consortia have the bioremediation ability to reduce levels of </em><em>cadmium, </em><em>BOD<sub>5</sub>, COD, and increasing levels of DO. Indigen</em><em>ous</em><em> bacterial consortia D </em><em>has</em><em> the </em><em>best </em><em>ability of liquid industrial waste bioremediation </em><em>by</em><em> ex-situ. Indigen</em><em>ous</em><em> bacteria</em><em>l</em><em> consortia J </em><em>has</em><em> the </em><em>best of </em><em>capacity reduction levels of cadmium, </em><em>then the other of </em><em>indigen</em><em>ous</em><em> bacteria</em><em>l </em><em>consortia.</em><em></em></p><strong><em>Keywords:</em><em> indigenous bacterial, bioremediation, ex-situ, cadmium, liquid waste.</em></strong>

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27

Tomei, M. Concetta, and Andrew J. Daugulis. "Ex Situ Bioremediation of Contaminated Soils: An Overview of Conventional and Innovative Technologies." Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology 43, no. 20 (November 5, 2012): 2107–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2012.672056.

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28

Micle, Valer, Ioana Monica Sur, Adriana Criste, Marin Senila, Erika Levei, Mariana Marinescu, Carmen Cristorean, and George Calin Rogozan. "Lab-scale experimental investigation concerning ex-situ bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons-contaminated soils." Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal 27, no. 8 (August 10, 2018): 692–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2018.1503229.

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29

Demeter, Marc A., Joe Lemire, Iain George, Gordon Yue, Howard Ceri, and Raymond J. Turner. "Harnessing oil sands microbial communities for use in ex situ naphthenic acid bioremediation." Chemosphere 97 (February 2014): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.11.016.

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30

Gomez, Francisco, and Majid Sartaj. "Field scale ex-situ bioremediation of petroleum contaminated soil under cold climate conditions." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 85 (November 2013): 375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2013.08.003.

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31

Jabbar, Noor Mohsen, Estabriq Hasan Kadhim, and Alaa Kareem Mohammed. "Bioremediation of Soil Contaminated with Diesel using Biopile system." Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal 14, no. 3 (August 15, 2018): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22153/https://doi.org/10.22153/kej.2018.12.009.

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This study was focused on biotreatment of soil which polluted by petroleum compounds (Diesel) which caused serious environmental problems. One of the most effective and promising ways to treat diesel-contaminated soil is bioremediation. It is a choice that offers the potential to destroy harmful pollutants using biological activity. The capability of mixed bacterial culture was examined to remediate the diesel-contaminated soil in bio piling system. For fast ex-situ treatment of diesel-contaminated soils, the bio pile system was selected. Two pilot scale bio piles (25 kg soil each) were constructed containing soils contaminated with approximately 2140 mg/kg total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs). The amended soil: (contaminated soil with the addition of nutrients and bacterial inoculum), where the soil was mixed with 1.5% of sawdust, then supplied with the necessary nutrients and watered daily to provide conditions promoting microorganism growth. Unamended soil was prepared as a control (contaminated soil without addition). Both systems were equipped with oxygen to provide aerobic conditions, incubated at atmospheric temperature and weekly sampling within 35 days. Overall 75% of the total petroleum hydrocarbons were removed from the amended soil and 38 % of the control soil at the end of study period. The study concluded that ex-situ experiment (Bio pile) is a preferable, economical, and environmentally friendly procedure, thus representing a good option for the treatment of soil contaminated with diesel.

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32

Jabbar, Noor Mohsen, Estabriq Hasan Kadhim, and Alaa Kareem Mohammed. "Bioremediation of Soil Contaminated with Diesel using Biopile system." Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal 14, no. 3 (August 15, 2018): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22153/kej.2018.12.009.

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This study was focused on biotreatment of soil which polluted by petroleum compounds (Diesel) which caused serious environmental problems. One of the most effective and promising ways to treat diesel-contaminated soil is bioremediation. It is a choice that offers the potential to destroy harmful pollutants using biological activity. The capability of mixed bacterial culture was examined to remediate the diesel-contaminated soil in bio piling system. For fast ex-situ treatment of diesel-contaminated soils, the bio pile system was selected. Two pilot scale bio piles (25 kg soil each) were constructed containing soils contaminated with approximately 2140 mg/kg total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs). The amended soil: (contaminated soil with the addition of nutrients and bacterial inoculum), where the soil was mixed with 1.5% of sawdust, then supplied with the necessary nutrients and watered daily to provide conditions promoting microorganism growth. Unamended soil was prepared as a control (contaminated soil without addition). Both systems were equipped with oxygen to provide aerobic conditions, incubated at atmospheric temperature and weekly sampling within 35 days. Overall 75% of the total petroleum hydrocarbons were removed from the amended soil and 38 % of the control soil at the end of study period. The study concluded that ex-situ experiment (Bio pile) is a preferable, economical, and environmentally friendly procedure, thus representing a good option for the treatment of soil contaminated with diesel.

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33

Kamarudheen, Neethu, Sona P. Chacko, Catherin A. George, Rakhi Chettiparambil Somachandran, and K. V. Bhaskara Rao. "An ex-situ and in vitro approach towards the bioremediation of carcinogenic hexavalent chromium." Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology 50, no. 8 (April 17, 2020): 842–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2020.1755868.

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34

Kalogerakis, Nicolas. "ChemInform Abstract: Ex situ Bioremediation of Contaminated Soils: From Biopiles to Slurry-Phase Bioreactors." ChemInform 43, no. 41 (September 13, 2012): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201241276.

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35

Lin, Ta-Chen, Po-Tsen Pan, Chiu-Chung Young, Jo-Shu Chang, Tsung-Chung Chang, and Sheng-Shung Cheng. "Evaluation of the optimal strategy for ex situ bioremediation of diesel oil-contaminated soil." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 18, no. 9 (May 3, 2011): 1487–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-011-0485-5.

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36

Firmino, Paulo Igor M., Raquel S. Farias, Amanda N. Barros, Patrícia M. C. Buarque, Elisa Rodríguez, Alexandre C. Lopes, and André B. dos Santos. "Understanding the anaerobic BTEX removal in continuous-flow bioreactors for ex situ bioremediation purposes." Chemical Engineering Journal 281 (December 2015): 272–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2015.06.106.

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37

Abbassi, Bassim E., and Walid D. Shquirat. "Kinetics of Indigenous Isolated Bacteria used for Ex-Situ Bioremediation of Petroleum Contaminated Soil." Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 192, no. 1-4 (April 4, 2008): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-008-9649-4.

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38

Perini, Brayam Luiz Batista, Naionara Ariete Daronch, Rodrigo Luiz Bitencourt, Andréa Lima dos Santos Schneider, Cristiano José de Andrade, and Débora de Oliveira. "Application of Immobilized Laccase on Polyurethane Foam for Ex-Situ Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Bioremediation." Journal of Polymers and the Environment 29, no. 7 (January 12, 2021): 2200–2213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10924-020-02035-9.

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39

Hu, Guiping. "Isolation of an Indigenous Imidacloprid-Degrading Bacterium and Imidacloprid Bioremediation Under Simulated In Situ and Ex Situ Conditions." Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 23, no. 11 (November 2013): 1617–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1305.05048.

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40

Guerin, Turlough F. "Bioremediation of phenols and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in creosote contaminated soil using ex-situ landtreatment." Journal of Hazardous Materials 65, no. 3 (March 1999): 305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3894(99)00002-3.

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41

Kathiravan, Mathur Nadarajan, Ramalingam Karthick, and Karuppan Muthukumar. "Ex situ bioremediation of Cr(VI) contaminated soil by Bacillus sp.: Batch and continuous studies." Chemical Engineering Journal 169, no. 1-3 (May 2011): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.02.060.

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Micle, Valer, and Ioana Monica Sur. "Experimental Investigation of a Pilot-Scale Concerning Ex-Situ Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons Contaminated Soils." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 21, 2021): 8165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158165.

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The soil samples were taken from the site of a former oil products depot from an industrial area (Romania). The soil samples taken were analyzed from a physical and chemical point of view: texture, pH, soil micronutrient content, metals concentration and petroleum hydrocarbon concentration (PHCs). The soil contaminated with total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH (4280 mg kg−1) was disposed in the form of a pile (L × W × H: 3000 × 1400 × 500 mm). Experiments on a pilot-scale were conducted over 12 weeks at constant pH (7.5–8), temperature (22–32 °C), nutrient contents C/N/P ratio 100/10/1, soil aeration time (8 h/day) and moisture (30%). Samples were taken every two weeks for the monitoring of the TPH and the microorganisms content. During the experiment, microorganisms were added (Pseudomonas and Bacillus) every two weeks. Results of the analyses regarding the concentration of PHCs were revealed a linear decrease of the concentration of PHCs after only two weeks of treatment. This decrease in concentration was also achieved in the following weeks. Following the analysis performed on the model at the pilot scale regarding the depollution process, it can be concluded that a soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons can be efficiently depolluted by performing an aeration of 8 h/day, adding microorganisms Pseudomonas and Bacillus to ensure the conditions for increasing in the total number of germs (colony forming units–CFU) from 151 × 105 to 213 × 107 CFU g−1 soil, after 12 weeks of soil treatment—the depollution efficiency achieved is 83%.

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Sayara, Tahseen, and Antoni Sánchez. "Bioremediation of PAH-Contaminated Soils: Process Enhancement through Composting/Compost." Applied Sciences 10, no. 11 (May 26, 2020): 3684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10113684.

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Bioremediation of contaminated soils has gained increasing interest in recent years as a low-cost and environmentally friendly technology to clean soils polluted with anthropogenic contaminants. However, some organic pollutants in soil have a low biodegradability or are not bioavailable, which hampers the use of bioremediation for their removal. This is the case of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which normally are stable and hydrophobic chemical structures. In this review, several approaches for the decontamination of PAH-polluted soil are presented and discussed in detail. The use of compost as biostimulation- and bioaugmentation-coupled technologies are described in detail, and some parameters, such as the stability of compost, deserve special attention to obtain better results. Composting as an ex situ technology, with the use of some specific products like surfactants, is also discussed. In summary, the use of compost and composting are promising technologies (in all the approaches presented) for the bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soils.

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Nikolopoulou, M., N. Pasadakis, H. Norf, and N. Kalogerakis. "Enhanced ex situ bioremediation of crude oil contaminated beach sand by supplementation with nutrients and rhamnolipids." Marine Pollution Bulletin 77, no. 1-2 (December 2013): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.10.038.

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Beškoski, Vladimir P., Gordana Gojgić-Cvijović, Jelena Milić, Mila Ilić, Srdjan Miletić, Tatjana Šolević, and Miroslav M. Vrvić. "Ex situ bioremediation of a soil contaminated by mazut (heavy residual fuel oil) – A field experiment." Chemosphere 83, no. 1 (March 2011): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.01.020.

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MacRae, Jean D., and Kenneth J. Hall. "Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in marine sediment under denitrifying conditions." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 11 (December 1, 1998): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0463.

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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) are common environmental pollutants that have been linked to cancerous lesions in bottom fish. In this research, the feasibility of using nitrate as an alternative electron acceptor to stimulate PAH-degradation in anoxic marine sediment was investigated. PAH could be degraded under denitrifying conditions as long as other nutrients were not limiting. The half lives of low molecular weight PAH ranged from approximately 33-88 days. Degradation of high molecular weight PAH was slower, or not observed. Half lives ranged from 143-812 days. Nitrate may be applied to sediments in situ or used in bioreactors to reduce the cost of bioremediation operations ex situ.

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Štyriaková, Iveta, R. Hampl, and I. Jech. "Ex Situ Biostimulation of Hydrocarbon Degradation by Organic and Inorganic Amendments." Advanced Materials Research 71-73 (May 2009): 713–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.71-73.713.

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To examine the effects of organic and inorganic amendments on the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, we conducted a pilot-scale experiment during the winter and summer periods. Soil samples were analyzed periodically to determine the soil gas amount of volatile organic compound, carbon dioxide flux, consumption of O2 and indigenous bacterial numbers during bioremediation. The initial level of the most contaminated site (10 070 mg hydrocarbon kg-1 soil) was reduced successively to 4 800 mg kg-1 after 4 months and to 1 400 mg kg -1 after 6 months in ex-situ amended soils. The hydrocarbon-degrading microbial populations increased during the treatment as also did soil respiration. Both aerobic and methanogenic conditions appeared to be important at these sites. Methane concentration (500-23 000 ppm) and CO2 production (800-17 000 ppm) varied with the extent of contamination. The bioventing system used in this study aerated a wide area of soil. It was concluded that N and P availability within the organic and inorganic nutrients limited the biodegradation of hydrocarbon contamination. By combination of organic and inorganic amendments a 86% removal efficiency was achieved. Nutrient diffusion varied within the 3 m high decontamination biopile but was sufficient to promote bacterial proliferation in all layers.

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Ali, Ramadan, Tatjana Solevic-Knudsen, Malisa Antic, Vladimir Beskoski, Miroslav Vrvic, Jan Schwarzbauer, and Branimir Jovancicevic. "Degradability of n-alkanes during ex situ natural bioremediation of soil contaminated by heavy residual fuel oil (mazut)." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 78, no. 7 (2013): 1035–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc120829106a.

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It is well known that during biodegradation of oil in natural geological conditions, or oil pollutants in the environment, a degradation of hydrocarbons occurs according to the well defined sequence. For example, the major changes during the degradation process of n-alkanes occur in the second, slight and third, moderate level (on the biodegradation scale from 1 to 10). According to previous research, in the fourth, heavy level, when intensive changes of phenanthrene and its methyl isomers begin, n-alkanes have already been completely removed. In this paper, the ex situ natural bioremediation (unstimulated bioremediation, without addition of biomass, nutrient substances and biosurfactant) of soil contaminated with heavy residual fuel oil (mazut) was conducted during the period of 6 months. Low abundance of n-alkanes in the fraction of total saturated hydrocarbons in the initial sample (identification was possible only after concentration by urea adduction technique) showed that the investigated oil pollutant was at the boundary between the third and the fourth biodegradation level. During the experiment, an intense degradation of phenanthrene and its methyl-, dimethyl-and trimethyl-isomers was not followed by the removal of the remaining n-alkanes. The abundance of n-alkanes remained at the initial low level, even at end of the experiment when the pollutant reached one of the highest biodegradation levels. These results showed that the unstimulated biodegradation of some hydrocarbons, despite of their high biodegradability, do not proceed completely to the end, even at final degradation stages. In the condition of the reduced availability of some hydrocarbons, microorganisms tend to opt for less biodegradable but more accessible hydrocarbons.

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Cai, Xin De, Dong Ying Wang, Hui Li, Shi Yin Li, and Lai Guo Chen. "Ex Situ Bioremediation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soil Using a Static Aeration Biopile Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 498–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.498.

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A static aeration biopile process was used to bioremediate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated soil using four different approaches for treating about 30 m3 of soil at a former oil-producing site. The four treatments investigated were as follows: (i) fertilizer plus bulking agent (FB); (ii) fertilizer, bulking agent, plus Tween 80 (FBT); (iii) fertilizer, bulking agent, Tween 80, plus fungi agent (FBTF); and (iv) fertilizer, bulking agent, bacterial inoculum, plus fungi agent (FBBF). After bioremediation for 320 days, the total amount of 16 PAHs ranged from 4.14 to 5.31 mg/kg in the final soil, removal rates ranging from 75.5% to 81.5%. The sum concentration of seven carcinogenic PAHs decreased down to 0.15 mg/kg. The values of the total toxicity equivalence concentrations for 16 PAHs ranged from 0.014 to 0.068 mg/kg. The removal rates of the 16 PAHs in these four different treatments decreased in order FBBF > FBT > FBTF > FB.

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Aspray, T. J., D. J. C. Carvalho, and J. C. Philp. "Application of soil slurry respirometry to optimise and subsequently monitor ex situ bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 60, no. 4 (January 2007): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2007.04.004.

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