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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bioresource'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Bradner, John Ronald. "Antarctic microfungi as a potential bioresource." Australia : Macquarie University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/41456.

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"2003".<br>Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Division of Environmental & Life Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, 2004.<br>Bibliography: leaves 136-160.<br>Introduction: The Antarctic environment; Antarctic inhabitants; Microfungi; Identification of microfungi; Physiological factors affecting Antactic microfungi; Flow cytometry and microfungi; Hydrolytic enzymes of industrial interest; Isolation of genes from microfungi; Aims of this study -- Materials and methods: Fungal strains and cultivation conditions; Molecular identification of fungal isolates; Fungal physiology; Hydrolase ac
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2

Olofsson, Martin. "Microalgae - future bioresource of the sea?" Doctoral thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-46512.

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Unicellular microalgae are a renewable bioresource that can meet the challenge forfood and energy in a growing world population. Using sunlight, CO2, nutrients,and water, algal cells produce biomass in the form of sugars, proteins and oils, allof which carry commercial value as food, feed and bioenergy. Flue gas CO2 andwastewater nutrients are inexpensive sources of carbon and fertilizers. Microalgaecan mitigate CO2 emissions and reduce nutrients from waste streams whileproducing valuable biomass.My focus was on some of the challenging aspects of cultivating microalgae ascrop: the response of
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3

Vanderkimpen, Paul J. "Estimation of Crop Evapotranspiration by Means of the Penman-Monteith Equation." DigitalCommons@USU, 1991. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/3842.

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This study evaluated the potential of using simple, semi-empirical resistance models for the direct estimation of crop evapotranspiration as an alternative to the traditional approach involving a reference equation and a crop coefficient. It consisted of three major parts. The first part originally aimed at the development of simple expressions for the aerodynamic and surface resistance terms in the Penman-Monteith equation. This goal could not be achieved because of two reasons: First, the determination of aerodynamic resistance was rendered impossible because of problems with the measurement
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4

Frison, Nicola <1985&gt. "Novel biological sustanable solutions to optimize bioresource recovery and energy efficiency from downstream of anaerobic digestion." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/5626.

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The main activities during three years of research, focused on the investigation, optimization as well as the validation beyond bench-scale to pilot reactor, of advanced via-nitrite biological processes for the side stream treatment of anaerobic effluents.
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5

Robinson, Todd Allen. "IDENTIFICATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND USE IN CALIFORNIA THROUGH REMOTE SENSING." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2016. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1668.

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Ground truthing actual crop types in an area can be expensive and time-consuming. The California Department of Water Resources attempts to ground truth land use in each county in California every five years. However, this is limited by budgetary constraints and often results in infrequent (more than every ten years) surveying of many counties. An accurate accounting of crops growing in a region is important for a variety of purposes including farm production estimates, groundwater and surface water modeling, evapotranspiration estimation, water planning, research applications, etc. Agricultura
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6

Gerlitz, Morgan F. "Evaluating the Influence of the Forestry Reclamation Approach on the Hydrology of Appalachian Coal Mined Lands." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/65.

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The Appalachian Region is a rich and diverse forest ecosystem impacted by present and past mining activities. The Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA) of 1977 was enacted to resolve many of the environmental problems caused by surfacing mining, such as landslides, erosion, flooding, and poor water quality. As with many solutions, this one came with its own set of environmental problems due to compaction and the introduction of aggressive non-native grasses and shrubs altering hydrologic processes and ecosystem function. The Forestry Reclamation Approach (FRA) is a method for re-e
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7

Pecegueiro, do Amaral Maira Freire. "EVALUATION OF ALGAE CONCENTRATION IN MANURE BASED MEDIA." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/5.

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Algae can be used to treat wastewater and manure while producing a feedstock for renewable energy. Algae require nutrients to achieve their maximum growth and manure could provide those nutrients, thereby reducing the cost of algae production and the impact of manure treatment. Algae concentration during cultivation is a critical variable that is difficult to measure due to the high concentration of suspended solids present in manure. This dissertation addresses methods to measure algae concentration in the presence of manure solids. Quantifying the algae concentration gravimetrically or by op
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8

Enlow, Holly K. "EVALUATING SAMPLING STRATEGIES FOR RAINFALL SIMULATION STUDIES AND SURFACE TRANSPORT OF ANTIBIOTICS FROM SWINE MANURE APPLIED TO FESCUE PLOTS." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/21.

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Antibiotics are commonly used in animal agriculture to treat and prevent diseases and promote growth. Unfortunately, large amounts of antibiotics are not metabolized, but instead are excreted in urine and feces. Rainfall simulation studies were used to investigate the transport of the antibiotic oxytetracycline and various constituents in runoff and the ability of alum to reduce pollutant transport. Runoff samples were collected at several points during the simulated storm event from each of four treatments: control (C), manure only (M), manure and antibiotics (MA), and manure, antibiotics and
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9

Williams, Rachel. "Effectiveness of Biochar Addition in Reducing Concentrations of Selected Nutrients and Bacteria in Runoff." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/40.

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Land application and storage of horse manure and municipal sludge can increase nutrient and bacteria concentrations in runoff. Biochar increases soil nutrient retention when used as a soil amendment. The objectives of this study were to determine if biochar, when mixed with horse manure or sludge, affects runoff concentrations of total Kjehldahl nitrogen (TKN), ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), nitrate (NO3-N), total phosphorus (TP), dissolved phosphorus (DP), total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and fecal coliforms (FC). Horse manure and sludge were applied to 2.4 x 6.1 m fescu
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10

De, Mill Chad R. "Integrated Life Cycle and Techno-economic Assessment of the Conversion of High Productivity, Low Lipid Algae to Renewable Fuels." DigitalCommons@USU, 2017. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5262.

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The production of alternative transportation fuels is imperative to meet future energy demands without contributing to global climate change. Advances in alternative processing techniques that have emerged due to interest in microalgae as a feedstock have led to a variety of potential processing pathways for the production of bio-based fuels. A major hurdle in the algal production process is maintaining a fast and stable algae culture. Monocultures, developed for their high lipid content, suffer from low productivity, are susceptible to crashes and require a constant supply of carbon dioxide t
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Evans, John T. IV. "DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR IN-SITU TESTING OF OXYGEN CONCENTRATIONS IN COMPOST BEDDED PACK BARNS." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/30.

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Compost bedded pack barns are a relatively new type of dairy housing system that is being implemented in Kentucky. Extensive research has been done on the composting of animal manure, however, little has been done on composting animal manure in place. One of the most concerning challenges is aeration. Improper aeration can cause system failure. The ability to quickly and accurately measure the oxygen concentration would allow researchers the ability to determine which methods of tillage/aeration are most effective in compost bedded pack barns. The research in this thesis focused on the develop
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12

Worden, Brooke Ashley. "An Assessment of the Greatest Impacts on Distribution Uniformity for Drip and Micro Irrigation." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2018. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1942.

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Using the Cal Poly Irrigation Training and Research Centers (ITRC) drip/micro evaluation program, global, or system, DUlq is computed by combining the component DUlq values of: pressure variation, uneven spacing between emitters, unequal drainage and “other” causes. “Other” causes include plugging, wear and manufacturing coefficient. The program also computes what percentage of the non-uniformity is due to each component. Burt (2004) showed that over 95% of the non-uniformity is due to “Other” causes and pressure differences. This thesis looks at what specifically in those components is drivin
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13

Rush, Amanda. "Health Economics Analysis of Cancer Biobank Costs and Outputs in NSW." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24764.

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Human preclinical and translational research frequently relies upon quality human biospecimens and associated data, usually obtained from biobanks. Despite the importance of human biospecimens in research, biobanks have reported sustainability challenges. We highlight the dearth of publications that discuss biobank outputs, and propose that reported sustainability challenges may partly arise from a lack of information about the value of biobank outputs. For a cohort of n=12 cancer biobanks in New South Wales, we performed an in-depth analysis of the annual monetary and in-kind costs and public
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14

Nazzal, Yasser Kamal. "Systematic Framework for Evaluating Treated Wastewater Usage in Agricultural Irrigation." DigitalCommons@USU, 2005. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6867.

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A general systematic framework with several sub-frameworks was developed to help managers make informed decisions related to the reuse of treated wastewater in agricultural irrigation. The framework involves the identification and evaluation of the short- and long-term effects of using treated wastewater with some common constituents of concern ( e.g. salts and some specific ions, nutrients, heavy metals, organic compounds, and microorganisms) on the environmental elements ( crop , soils, surface water, and groundwater), and on the public health. Local and/ or international standards, criteria
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15

Al-Himdani, Mizher. "Highway Drain Depth and Soil Stability." DigitalCommons@USU, 1987. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4644.

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The presence of moisture in the soil reduces its shear strength. After the rain or snowmelt, the high percentage of moisture in the subgrade of highway, causes the instability resulting into failure of the highway due to high water table. Therefore, it is essential to install a drainage system to remove the excess moisture from the subgrade of highways to avoid its failure. In the present study, six different soil samples have been studied to observe its failure by triaxial shear strength and corresponding moisture content was noted. The tension applied to remove moisture was converted to equi
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Bennion, Edward P. "Lifecycle Assessment of Microalgae to Biofuel: Thermochemical Processing through Hydrothermal Liquefaction or Pyrolysis." DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2341.

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Microalgae have many desirable attributes as a renewable energy recourse. These include use of poor quality land, high yields, and it is not a food recourse. This research focusses on the energetic and environmental impact of processing microalgae into a renewable diesel. Two thermochemical bio-oil recovery processes are analyzed, pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). System boundaries include microalgae growth, dewatering, thermochemical bio-oil recovery, bio-oil stabilization, conversion to renewable diesel, and transportation to the pump. Two system models were developed, a small-s
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17

Guffey, Ross L. "EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF WEEP BERM SYSTEMS FOR TREATING RUNOFF FROM A HORSE MUCK COMPOSTING OPERATION." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/12.

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Two contour weep berms systems were designed and implemented to evaluate their performance at mitigating water quantity problems from a horse muck composting operation. The field-scale study focused on the hydrologic response of a standard contour weep berm and a modified contour weep berm. The modified contour weep berm incorporated a woodchip trench upgradient of a typical standard contour weep design. Monitoring occurred from July 2011 through spring 2012. Eight storm events produced measureable runoff for the standard contour weep berm; however, only five storm events produced measurable r
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18

Cassidy, Keelin Owen. "EVALUATING ALGAL GROWTH AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/3.

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In recent years, there has been a concern for the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere and how it will be captured. One way to capture carbon dioxide is with algae. In this study, algae's growth was measured at different temperatures. The first part of the study was to grow Scenedesmus and Chlorella with M8 or urea growth media at a temperature of 25, 30 or 35ºC. It was found that 30ºC had the best growth rates for both algae. The second part studied Scenedesmus growth with urea, more in-depth, and found the optimum growth temperature to be 27.5ºC with a growth rate of 0.29 1/
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19

Craft-Jenkins, Molly D. "DEVELOPMENT OF A NONCONTACT SENSOR FOR MONITORING MILK COAGULATION AND CUTTING TIME PREDICTION IN CHEESE MAKING." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/9.

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Cheese products are manufactured more consistently and with better quality if the curd cutting time can be consistently selected. An optical sensor that accurately predicts cutting time has been developed for large cheese vats, but the initial cost of these sensors makes them uneconomical for small artisan cheese manufacturers. The small artisan cheese vats require an inexpensive sensor technology that can be implemented simply. The initial cost of purchasing a sensor and installing these sensors plus the need for a computational program for implementing the algorithm make this technology exce
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20

Carey, Bobby D. Jr. "FIELD IMPLEMENTATION OF PHANEROCHAETE CHRYSOSPORIUM BIOMASS PRETREATMENT: FUNGAL IDENTIFICATION AND INOCULATION TECHNIQUES." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/25.

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Scaling biological pretreatment from the bench scale to the production scale may be more economical if unsterilized feedstock are used, however these allow for microbial competition from contaminates. An accurate and rapid method for identifying the desired biological pretreatment organism is necessary to confirm the presence of the desired organism when contaminates are morphologically similar to the target organism. Traditional methods, such as visual identification, sequencing, and selective plating can be time consuming and are sometimes still inconclusive. Based on methods described in th
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21

Hickman, Amanda N. "THE EFFECTS OF INOCULUM SIZE, AIRFLOW RATE, BULK DENSITY AND PARTICLE SIZE ON THE SCALE-UP OF PHANEROCHAETE CHRYSOSPORIUM PRETREATMENT." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/29.

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The following full-factorial study compared fungal activity on lignocellulosic biomass that was inoculated with three different amounts of fungus, and grown using three different airflow rates. These treatments were compared to a control which consisted of biomass that was not inoculated but was exposed to the same growth conditions in the environmental chamber. The objectives of the following experiment were to determine the inoculum density and airflow rate required to optimize Phanerochaete chrysosporium lignin degradation. Additionally, this study quantifies the saccharification yield from
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22

Scott, Derek. "EVALUATION OF THE PERFORMANCE OF FLOCCULATION TO ENHANCE SEDIMENT TRAP EFFICIENCY." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/32.

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Weathered sandstone materials have seen increased use in reclamation due to the wide-spread adoption of the Forest Reclamation Approach (FRA) in Appalachia. Runoff from these newly FRA reclaimed sites has the potential to adversely impact aquatic environments without fine sediment retention. To reduce the size and capital investment of settling ponds, flocculant utilization was investigated. Preliminary jar tests were conducted using composite weathered mine spoil samples acquired from a surface coal mine in eastern Kentucky. Four flocculants from the Magnafloc family of products were investig
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23

Jackson, Joseph W. "TESTING THE EFFICIENCY OF A SERIES HYBRID DRIVETRAIN FOR AGRICULTURAL APPLICATIONS." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/36.

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Because of high fuel costs and rising concern over controlling motor vehicle emissions, there has been a surge in the number of hybrid passenger vehicles on roads in recent years. This transition has not yet been seen with agricultural vehicles. With this in mind, this study created a test scheme to characterize and replicate agricultural loads, and design of a hybrid drivetrain that is suitable for agricultural purposes. Torque and power data were recorded from the controller area network of a tractor performing a baling operation. The recorded data was characterized using statistical and tim
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24

Rounsaville, Joseph D. "RELATIVE CROSS TRACK ERROR CALCULATIONS IN ASABE/ISO 12188-2:2012 AND POWER/ENERGY ANALYSIS USING A 20 HP TRACTOR ON A FULLY ELECTRIC DRIVETRAIN." UKnowledge, 2017. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/52.

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ASABE/ISO Standard 12188-2 provides test procedures for positioning and guidance systems in agricultural vehicles during straight and level travel. The standard provides excellent descriptions of test procedures, however it does not provide detail on methods to carry out the calculations necessary to calculate relative cross-track error (XTE), which is the primary measurement used to judge accuracy of the system. The standard was used to estimate the guidance accuracy of a relatively low-accuracy vehicle at 1.25 and 0.5 m s-1. At 1.25 m s-1, a nearest point calculation overestimated mean XTE b
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Dodge, Luke A. "FRACTIONATION OF LIGNIN DERIVED COMPOUNDS FROM THERMOCHEMICALLY PROCESSED LIGNIN TOWARDS ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/54.

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The overuse of antibiotics in agriculture is an emerging concern, due to their potential detrimental impact to the environment. This study focuses on exploring antimicrobial properties of lignin derived compounds. Lignin is of interest as a feedstock to replacing some petroleum-based chemicals and products because it is the most abundant source of renewable aromatic compounds on the planet. Two lignin rich streams, residues from the enzymatic hydrolysis of dilute acid and alkaline pretreated corn stover, were decomposed via pyrolysis and hydrogenolysis, respectively. The resulting liquid oils
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26

Embry, Melody. "EVALUATION OF WHITE ROT FUNGUS AS A PRETREATMENT FOR THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSING OF SWITCHGRASS." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/60.

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Hydrothermal liquefaction is a thermochemical technique for obtaining crude bio-oil from lignocellulosic biomass with moderate temperature and pressure. The crude bio-oil can then be upgraded to various biofuels and bioproducts. Hydrothermal liquefaction is amenable to use of biomass feedstocks that have high-moisture. The overall goal of this research is to demonstrate the effectiveness of white rot fungus (WRF) as a pretreatment option in the production of bio-oil from switchgrass through hydrothermal liquefaction. If WRF is an effective pretreatment, it could be a cost-effective option for
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27

McEachern, Travis. "DETERMINING HEAT PRODUCTION OF BLACK SOLDERI FLY LARVAE, HERMETIA ILLUCENS, TO DESIGN REARING STRUCTURES AT LIVESTOCK FACILITIES." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/62.

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Due to their small size and ectothermic biology, the heat production of insects and insect larvae is hard to quantify. However, knowing the amount of heat production, as well as ammonia production of insects may be beneficial for commercial production of valuable insect species. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are of interest in the agricultural industry because they quickly consume organic waste and have high amounts of protein and fat in their bodies. It has been proposed that BSFL be used to manage livestock waste, while serving as a high-protein feed source for livestock animals. To effici
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28

Maupin, Travis Pritchard. "ASSESSMENT OF CONDUCTIVITY SENSORS PERFORMANCE FOR MONITORING MINED LAND DISCHARGED WATERS AND AN EVALUATION OF THE HYDROLOGIC PERFORMANCE OF THE GUY COVE STREAM RESTORATION PROJECT." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/6.

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The surface mining method of mountaintop removal has been shown to adversely affect the water quality and hydrologic characteristics of downstream regions. Based on recent scientific literature, the U.S. EPA issued guidance on the specific conductivity (EC25ºC) of waters discharged from mined lands in the Appalachian Coal Belt Region stating that these waters should have an EC25ºC less than 300-500 μS cm-1. Hence, accurately measuring EC25ºC levels of mine discharged waters has significant implications. Furthermore, the development of reclamation techniques that positively impact the hydrologi
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29

Lyvers, Christina M. "EVALUATION OF HANDLING EQUIPMENT SOUND PRESSURE LEVELS AS STRESSORS IN BEEF CATTLE." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/13.

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Sound pressure level (SPL) is known to cause stress in cattle but is often overlooked as a potential source of fear for cattle when designing handling equipment. Current literature does not offer guidelines for the design of equipment with regard to SPL. It is, however, recommended that handling equipment should be designed to minimize the SPL during handling. The purpose of this experiment was to measure stress levels in a group of cattle which were subjected to a series of varying sounds in order to determine a design threshold limit for handling equipment. Treatments included two frequencie
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Gray, Mary Kathryn. "ALKALINE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE PRETREATMENT FOR ITS USE IN AN ON-FARM BIOPROCESSING FACILITY." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/18.

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Pretreatment is an essential step in biofuel production from lignocellulose. Disruption of the lignin structure gives enzymes and fermentation organisms access to long chains of cellulose and hemicellulose. For this project’s purposes, the pretreatment must work within the framework of an on-farm butanol bioprocessing facility. Alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) is a delignification method that potentially provides several advantages. At the alkaline pH, powerful hydroxyl radicals are formed; which attack lignin. The objectives of this study were to determine if AHP removes substantial lignin fo
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Empson, Danielle. "INDUCTION OF CELLULASE IN HIGH SOLIDS CULTIVATION OF TRICHODERMA REESEI FOR ENHANCED ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF LIGNOCELLULOSE." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/46.

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This project aimed investigated cellulase in-situ production for large-scale on-farm production of lignocellulosic biofuel. Cellulase activity and glucose released by T. reesei with corn stover and wheat bran as co-substrates for solid state cultivation (SSC) were examined. Co-cultivation has previously increased T. reesei cellulase, but corn stover and wheat bran have not been co-cultivated (Dhillon, Oberoi et al. 2011). This work compared cellulase activity and glucose concentration of corn stover co-cultivated with 0-40% wheat bran in high solids. Samples with at least 20% wheat bran exhibi
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Sperry, Robert George. "DEVELOPMENT OF A SEMI-AUTOMATED TOBACCO STRIPPING MACHINE UTILIZING STRING TRIMMERS." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/89.

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Conventional stripping of burley tobacco is labor intensive and typically requires 50 to 75 worker hours per acre (wkr•hr/ac). The goal of the project was to reduce labor by optimizing leaf removal by string trimmer heads using combinations of strings lengths and motor speeds. In tests conducted on a single grade, all leaves outside the grade were removed by hand. Plants were run through the machine for sting lengths of 5, 7 and 9 inches and associated motor speeds which were monitored and recorded. Stripping efficiencies were calculated for each plant and collectively for each set of four pla
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Modenbach, Alicia. "Sodium hydroxide pretreatment of corn stover and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis: An investigation of yields, kinetic modeling and glucose recovery." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/17.

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Many aspects associated with conversion of lignocellulose to biofuels and other valuable products have been investigated to develop the most effective processes for biorefineries. The goal of this research was to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the lignocellulose conversion process by achieving a more basic understanding of pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis at high solids, including kinetic modeling and separation and recovery of glucose. Effects of NaOH pretreatment conditions on saccharide yields from enzymatic hydrolysis were characterized in low- and high-solids systems. Fa
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34

E, Xinyi. "Nutrients Recycling Strategy for Microalgae-based CO2 Mitigation System." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/20.

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Coal-fired electricity production is the major emitter of CO2 and other greenhouse gases including NOx and SOx. Microalgae-based CO2 mitigation systems have been proposed to reduce the net CO2 emission from coal-fired power plants. This study focused on developing an optimum culture media and exploring the possibilities for recycling nutrients, which were added as commercial mineralized chemicals at the beginning of cultivation. In order to release the nutrients embedded in the cells so that they can be used as a nutrient source for new cells, Scenedesmus biomass was digested by anaerobic bact
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Frederick, Jennifer Leanne. "EVALUATION OF SEPARATION METHOD ADDITIVES FOR THE RECOVERY OF BACTERIA FROM FOOD MATRICES." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/10.

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The microbiological testing of foods is a well-established science. Due to the severity of foodborne pathogen illnesses, the widespread use and implementation of rapid detection methods in food testing labs is increasingly important. The first step for successful testing is sampling. Surfactants have been highly used in food microbiology, but there is not much, if any, published research about the use of fatty alcohols and chemical dispersants as aids in microbial separation. The microbial extraction efficiency of Escherichia coli K12 and Listeria innocua from hot dogs, spinach, and milk was m
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Ferreira, Tatiana Gravena. "OPTIMIZATION OF COAGULATION AND SYNERESIS PROCESSES IN CHEESEMAKING USING A LIGHT BACKSCATTER SENSOR TECHNOLOGY." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/125.

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Curd syneresis, a critical step in cheesemaking, directly influences the quality of cheese. The syneresis process is empirically controlled in cheese manufacturing plants. A sensor technology for this step would improve process control and enhance cheese quality. A light backscatter sensor with a Large Field of View (LFV) was tested using a central composite design over a broad range of cheese process conditions including milk pH, calcium chloride addition level, milk fat to protein ratio, temperature, and a cutting time factor (β). The research objectives were to determine if the LFV sensor c
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Elia, Noelia M. "SEQUENTIAL CO-CULTURE OF ANAEROBIC BACTERIA ON SWITCHGRASS IN A CONTINUOUS FLOW-THROUGH REACTOR FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/22.

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Solid substrate cultivation (SSC) using lignocellulosic non-food feedstock, such as switchgrass, is an alternative for advanced biofuel production. Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol (ABE) fermentation in two stages using a sequential culture of microorganisms from the class Clostridia is an approach proposed to increase the butanol production. The goal was to test the efficacy of a sequential culture on high solid substrate cultivation in batch and continuous cultivation, and to evaluate conditions to optimize butanol production using switchgrass as substrate. Initial batch experiments were used to dete
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Zheng, Caoli. "THE INFLUENCE OF MEDIA INGREDIENTS AND PH ON THE GROWTH OF CHLOROMONAS ROSAE VAR. PSYCHROPHILA." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/38.

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In order to utilize algae to fix CO2 and reduce Greenhouse gas emissions, large-scale, year-round algae cultivation will be required. This will require alga species that thrive in colder weather with media recipes based on commercially available fertilizers. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of using commercial based media and the effect of pH when growing the cold-temperature algae Chloromonas rosae var. psychrophila. Commercial grade media ingredients urea, potash, triple superphosphate, and Sprint 330® were used to provide nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, and EDTA wit
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39

Rhea, Nicholas A. "Evaluation of Flocculation, Sedimentation, and Filtration for Dewatering of Algal Biomass." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/42.

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Algae can be used as a feedstock for agricultural fertilizers, livestock/poultry feeds, anaerobic digestion, and biofuel production. Regardless of the end product, water removal is necessary and difficult to do cost effectively. For each product the requirements for moisture content (or solids content) vary, such that a desirable water removal strategy would need to be adaptable to varying levels of water removal. Flocculation, with sedimentation and drying was evaluated as a possible strategy for algae dewatering. Anionic and nonionic flocculants are known to be ineffective at flocculating al
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40

Griffith, David. "CHARACTERIZATION OF TWO BIOCHARS DERIVED FROM HORSE MUCK AND THEIR ABILITY TO REDUCE PATHOGEN TRANSPORT IN SOIL." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/33.

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Biochars have been created and characterized from a variety livestock manure biomass including poultry, dairy, and swine. However, no research has been conducted on the physical and chemical makeup of biochar pyrolyzed from horse muck. Two horse muck derived biochars containing either straw (HS) or woodchip (HW) bedding were pyrolyzed at 700°C and characterized for their physical and chemical properties. Tests revealed both biochars had high alkalinity, moderate specific conductivity, and low surface area as compared to other biochars in the literature. HS contained more mineral structures tha
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41

Thorburn, John M. "HYDRAULIC EFFECTS OF PERPENDICULAR WATER APPROACH VELOCITY ON METER GATE FLOW MEASUREMENT." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2020. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2190.

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Accurate flow measurement is required to effectively manage water resources. California Senate Bill X7-7 (SB X7-7), legislates this need by requiring agricultural water providers serving areas greater than 25,000 acres to develop an Agricultural Water Management Plan (AWMP) and adopt pricing based at least partly on volumetric water deliveries (DWR, 2009). This study focused on two of the most common flow measurement/flow control devices used in California open channel water conveyance systems: the circular meter gate and the rectangular meter gate. Testing was conducted on three Armco-type (r
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42

Coronado, López Fredy Samuel. "Study of the time efficiency and volume of wood used for three types of stove in the Salitrón community of San Juan Ermita, department of Chiquimula." BYU ScholarsArchive, 1995. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5354.

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In developing countries such as Guatemala, firewood is increasingly being used for cooking in most rural areas. Consequently, there is a shortage of firewood in these areas beca use trees do not grow at the same rate as they are consumed. Some authors report that 90% of the heat from firewood is lost during combustion. Several alternatives to open pit fires exist to reduce the amount of firewood used. However, these alternatives need to be evaluated to determine their efficiency. This project compared the time efficiency and volume of firewood used in the Finlandia style improved stoves, Josef
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43

Yassin, Adel Taha. "The Vertical Distribution of Salts in a Soil Profile During the Drainage Process." DigitalCommons@USU, 1986. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4642.

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The purpose of this study was to develop a model to predict water extraction patterns and therefore salt distribution patterns in a one dimensional homogeneous soil profile for a specified root distribution . Water extraction was simulated as a function of the total potential and the root density at any level of the profile. Salt redistribution caused by irrigation was simulated by assuming a partial and proportional displacement of the water in each soil layer. A computer program was written for the model in Fortran language and implemented on the Vax. To evaluate the performance of the model
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44

Herbener, Ben C. "PRE-WILTING BURLEY TOBACCO TO ENHANCE MANUAL AND MECHANICAL HARVESTING AND HOUSING." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/55.

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Traditionally, burley tobacco has been harvested by hand because the green plant weight, volume, and leaf fragility make mechanical harvesting very challenging. This study examined possible ways to wilt a plant still standing in the field (termed ‘pre-wilting’) to reduce weight, volume, and leaf fragility. Several methods of pre-wilting burley tobacco plants in the field were explored including: root pruning, stalk girdling, freezing with liquid nitrogen, and burning. Experiments were conducted in three locations over three consecutive years during the tobacco harvest season. Leaf breaking ang
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45

Woomer, Joseph. "VALORIZATION OF PROSO MILLET AND SPENT GRAIN FOR EXTRUDED SNACK DEVELOPMENT." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/61.

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Fast-paced lifestyles result in consumers replacing traditional meals with on-the-go snack foods. In general, snacks are higher in saturated fats and simple sugars, and pose health concerns for consumers, which prompts the need for healthy nutritious alternatives to common snacks. Proso millet is a nutritious, and fast growing gluten free cereal. Spent grain (SG), the main by-product of brewing and distilling, contains high amount of protein and insoluble fibers. This study utilized proso millet and spent grain in the production of an extruded expanded snack, demonstrating their appropriatenes
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46

Weiss, Austin M. "REMOVING VEHICLE SPEED FROM APPARENT WIND VELOCITY." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/67.

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Variable-rate technologies for sprayer applications stand to increase efficacy by ensuring the right amount of chemical is applied at the right location. However, external environmental factors such as droplet drift caused by variable ambient condition, are not yet integrated into modern sprayer systems. Real-time wind velocity measurements can be used to control droplet spectra for reducing spray drift by actuating a variable-orifice nozzle. This work aimed to develop data processing methods needed to filter noise and remove vehicle speed from wind velocity measurements collected with an ultr
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Husic, Admin. "SEDIMENT ORGANIC CARBON FATE AND TRANSPORT IN A FLUVIOKARST WATERSHED IN THE BLUEGRASS REGION." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/ce_etds/30.

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Mature karst topography is well recognized within the hydrology and geology communities to include subterranean fluid pathways that act as turbulent conduits conveying fluid from surface stream sinks called swallets to sources called springs. However, we find that little knowledge has been reported with regards to the transport and fate of terrestrially-derived sediment organic carbon (SOC) within karst watersheds. This study investigated the hypothesis that karst pathways could act as biologically active conveyors of SOC that temporarily store sediment, turnover carbon at higher rates than ot
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48

Turner, Aaron P. "LABORATORY SCALE CONCEPT VALIDATION AND EVALUATION OF COMPROMISING PLANT NODAL INTEGRITY AS A MEANS TO INCREASE BALE DENSITY." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/23.

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Transportation costs represent a significant role in the economics of packaged hay and biomass crops. The material’s low bulk density limits transportation efficiency. Density is currently limited by the ability of the baling twine to withstand the expansion forces generated by the baled material shortly after it is ejected from the bale chamber. It was hypothesized that compromising the structure of the plant, particularly the plant nodes could reduce the amount of energy stored in the material as it is compressed and thereby reduce the material’s elastic response to compression. Literature p
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49

Zhang, Yue. "LOW COST FLOW SENSING FOR FIELD SPRAYERS." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/26.

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Precisely measuring the flow rate in sprayers is a key technology to precision agriculture. With the development of advanced technologies, the demand for the ability to measure flow rate of individual nozzle has become more important and urgent. This paper investigates the possibility of developing a low-cost flow rate measurement technique. The technique is based on analyzing the acoustic signal from a microphone placed near the nozzle tip. A comparison between acoustic signal and vibration signal was made to study the relations between them. Then several possible locations of the microphone
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Hagan, Michael A. "LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF BIOMASS HARVESTING FOR ON-FARM BIOFUEL PRODUCTION." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/31.

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Understanding the energy input and emissions resulting from the development of biofuels is important to quantify the overall benefit of the biofuel. As part of the On-Farm Biomass Processing project, a life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted on the process to harvest and transport agricultural crop residues ready for processing into biofuel. A Microsoft Excel model was developed that inventories the entire life cycle of the process, including incorporation of stochastic analysis within the model. The LCA results of the agricultural equipment manufacture are presented, along with the results
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