Relevant bibliographies by topics / Biosecurity practices

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Biosecurity practices'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Biosecurity practices"

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Aleri, J. W., and M. Laurence. "A description of biosecurity practices among selected dairy farmers across Australia." Animal Production Science 60, no. 14 (2020): 1711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an19340.

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Aims The study investigated critical biosecurity control points and dairy farmers’ motivations towards biosecurity practices among selected dairy farmers across Australia. Methods A questionnaire template was administered via an online survey. A three-stage process was used to develop the questionnaire by pooling of potential questions, selection and reduction of the questions to fit an 8–10 min survey. Key results A total of 55 responses were obtained. Mixed species rearing was practiced on 69% of the farms, with a majority keeping either sheep or beef cattle within the same property as dairy cattle. Approximately half of the farms (49%) did not provide formal training to new staff on aspects of animal health, as well as not conducting bull breeding soundness. Most of the farms (98%) required staff to use personal protective equipment, such as overalls and gumboots, but only a few of the farms (34%) had designated areas to clean footwear and a system for recording visitors (17%). Record keeping pertaining to animal health, maintenance of good fences and use of vendor declaration forms was practiced in a majority of the farms. The practice of quarantining new stock before mixing with other stock was practiced in only 45% of the farms. Monthly herd health visits by a veterinarian were utilised by 55% of the farms. Multivariable analysis showed positive significant associations between mixed species rearing with the practice of regular pest control (P = 0.004) and use of footbaths (P = 0.024) and no biosecurity plan (P = 0.025). Furthermore, a positive significant association was also recorded on the presence of a biosecurity plan and the presence of a designated area to clean footwear (P = 0.002) and no regular deworming (P = 0.024). Animal and human health reasons were the main motivators for implementing and maintaining ‘best practice’ biosecurity practices, whereas government regulation was the lowest motivator. Conclusions It is concluded that the biosecurity practices were variable, and animal and human health reasons were the primary motivators for instituting biosecurity practices. Implications There is a need to continue educating farmers on the importance of biosecurity practices.
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Morley, Paul S. "Biosecurity of veterinary practices." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 18, no. 1 (March 2002): 133–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0720(02)00009-9.

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Maye, Damian, and Kin Wing (Ray) Chan. "On-farm biosecurity in livestock production: farmer behaviour, cultural identities and practices of care." Emerging Topics in Life Sciences 4, no. 5 (September 10, 2020): 521–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/etls20200063.

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Definitions of biosecurity typically include generalised statements about how biosecurity risks on farms should be managed and contained. However, in reality, on-farm biosecurity practices are uneven and transfer differently between social groups, geographical scales and agricultural commodity chains. This paper reviews social science studies that examine on-farm biosecurity for animal health. We first review behavioural and psychosocial models of individual farmer behaviour/decisions. Behavioural approaches are prominent in biosecurity policy but have limitations because of a focus on individual farmer behaviour and intentions. We then review geographical and rural sociological work that emphasises social and cultural structures, contexts and norms that guide disease behaviour. Socio-cultural approaches have the capacity to extend the more commonly applied behavioural approaches and contribute to the better formulation of biosecurity policy and on-farm practice. This includes strengthening our understanding of ‘good farming' identity, tacit knowledge, farmer influence networks, and reformulating biosecurity as localised practices of care. Recognising on-farm biosecurity as practices of biosecure farming care offers a new way of engaging, motivating and encouraging farmers to manage and contain diseases on farm. This is critical given government intentions to devolve biosecurity governance to the farming industry.
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Wicaksono, Ardilasunu, Etih Sudarnika, and Chaerul Basri. "Kondisi Biosekuriti Tempat Penjualan Burung Terkait Avian Influenza di Wilayah Jakarta." Jurnal Sain Veteriner 35, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jsv.34701.

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The aims of this study were to identify biosecurity condition and to analyse the relation of bird vendors characteristics toward biosecurity practices and biosecurity condition related to Avian influenza in Jakarta bird markets. Data were collected from four bird markets in Jakarta using randomly interview method of 75 respondents and observe the biosecurity practices in bird markets. Data were analysed using chi-square test and gamma test to analyse the relation between bird vendors’ characteristics and biosecurity condition. The result showed that 69,3% of bird vendors did the biosecurity practice in moderate level and only 10,7% did it well, meanwhile, most of bird kiosks (53,5%) in Jakarta got the poor category of biosecurity level. Beside that, bird vendors’ characteristics which has the significant relation (p<0,05) were age (p=0,003), education level (p=0,007), training (p=0,047), knowledge (p=0,000) and attitude (p=0,000) toward biosecurity condition related to Avian influenza in Jakarta bird markets.
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Bingham, Nick, Gareth Enticott, and Steve Hinchliffe. "Biosecurity: Spaces, Practices, and Boundaries." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 40, no. 7 (July 2008): 1528–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a4173.

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Maduka, C. V., I. O. Igbokwe, and N. N. Atsanda. "Appraisal of Chicken Production with Associated Biosecurity Practices in Commercial Poultry Farms Located in Jos, Nigeria." Scientifica 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1914692.

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A questionnaire-based study of chicken production system with on-farm biosecurity practices was carried out in commercial poultry farms located in Jos, Nigeria. Commercial and semicommercial farms had 75.3% and 24.5% of 95,393 birds on 80 farms, respectively. Farms using deep litter and battery cage systems were 69 (86.3%) and 10 (12.5%), respectively. In our biosecurity scoring system, a correct practice of each indicator of an event scored 1.00 and biosecurity score (BS) of each farm was the average of the scores of biosecurity indicators for the farm, giving BS of zero and 1.00 as absence of biosecurity and optimal biosecurity, respectively. Semicommercial farms had higher BS than commercial farms. The flock size did not significantly (p>0.05) affect the mean BS. Disease outbreaks correlated (r=-0.97) with BS, showing a tendency of reduction of disease outbreaks with increasing BS. Outbreaks were significantly (p<0.05) associated with deep litter system. In conclusion, the chicken production system requires increased drive for excellent biosecurity practices and weak points in the biosecurity could be ameliorated by extension of information to farmers in order to support expansion of chicken production with robust biosecurity measures that drastically reduce risk of disease outbreak.
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Kim, Myung Ja, C. Michael Hall, and Mark Bonn. "Does International Travel Frequency Affect COVID-19 Biosecurity Behavior in the United States?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8 (April 13, 2021): 4111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084111.

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High-quality biosecurity practices are critical to restarting international tourism. Effective market segmentation improves the communication and efficacy of health advice. Travel frequency is an important basis for health-related consumer segmentation, as it is closely related to risk of greater exposure to infectious diseases. Theoretically grounded studies of tourist biosecurity behavior and travel frequency have largely been neglected, although insights into practices and attitudes are especially relevant for coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19 (coronavirus disease of 2019) health responses. Therefore, this research constructed and tested a conceptual model applying Value–Attitude–Behavior theory to US travelers to see whether the frequency of international travel affected tourist COVID-19 related biosecurity behavior. US respondents were drawn from a panel using a quota sampling technique according to the age and gender of American outbound tourists. An online survey was administered in September 2020. The responses (n = 395) of those who traveled internationally within five years were analyzed utilizing partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with multi-group analysis. Travel frequency significantly affects biosecurity behavior. High travel frequency (≥8 trips) has the strongest effect of value on biosecurity attitudes, personal norms, social norms, and biosecurity social norms, leading to biosecurity behaviors. Biosecurity behaviors pertaining to medium travel frequency (4–7 trips) are significantly influenced by personal norms. At low travel frequency (1–3 trips) levels, biosecurity behaviors are stimulated by biosecurity attitudes and social norms, showing the highest predictive power among the three groups. This work provides insights into international travel consumer biosecurity practices and behavior. From a market segmentation perspective, the levels of international travel frequency have various influences on biosecurity values, attitudes, personal norms, social norms, and behaviors. The biosecurity behaviors of low-frequency travelers are found to be the most significant of the three groups, suggesting that individuals who travel less frequently are more likely to practice responsible COVID-19 biosecurity behavior.
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Mateo, Jonalyn P., Iona Campbell, Elizabeth J. Cottier-Cook, Maria Rovilla J. Luhan, Victor Marco Emmanuel N. Ferriols, and Anicia Q. Hurtado. "Understanding biosecurity: knowledge, attitudes and practices of seaweed farmers in the Philippines." Journal of Applied Phycology 33, no. 2 (January 26, 2021): 997–1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10811-020-02352-5.

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AbstractFarmers are one of the most important components of any plant-based cultivation industry. The Philippines is one of the world’s major producers of red carrageenophyte algae and has tens of thousands of farmers involved in this industry. The production of algae such as Kappaphycus and Eucheuma increased significantly from the early 1970s, when the industry was established, before declining from the mid-2000s, due to a number of reasons, including disease and epiphyte outbreaks. The introduction of biosecurity measures has been one approach used to tackle this decline. Biosecurity-related knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of the seaweed farmers were assessed in the four highest seaweed producing regions in the Philippines: (1) Tawi-Tawi, (2) Palawan, (3) Zamboanga and (4) Bohol. Analyses showed that seaweed farmers from Tawi-Tawi had relatively higher KAP mean scores than the other three sites. Palawan and Bohol farmers, however, scored lower on their knowledge, higher on their attitude and highest on their practices compared with the other areas. Farmers from Zamboanga scored the lowest in both their attitude and practice mean scores, although their knowledge score was one of the highest. This is the first KAP assessment applied to the seaweed farming industry globally and the results, in which the farmers’ biosecurity-related knowledge and practices, which scored “Fair” (50–75%) across all the regions, and their attitudes, which scored predominantly “Good” (> 75%) suggest that there is potential to raise the score for biosecurity practices. This assessment highlights how biosecurity challenges are currently addressed by seaweed farmers in the Philippines and suggests how the KAP survey could be used as a tool by policymakers and scientists to address gaps in biosecurity management practices.
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Ornelas-Eusebio, Erika, Gary García-Espinosa, Karine Laroucau, and Gina Zanella. "Characterization of commercial poultry farms in Mexico: Towards a better understanding of biosecurity practices and antibiotic usage patterns." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): e0242354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242354.

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Mexico is one of the world’s major poultry producing countries. Two significant challenges currently facing the poultry industry are the responsible and judicious use of antimicrobials, and the potential occurrence of infectious disease outbreaks. For example, repeated outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H7N3 have occurred in poultry since its first detection in Mexico in 2012. Both of these challenges can be addressed through good husbandry practices and the application of on-farm biosecurity measures. The aims of this study were: (i) to assess the biosecurity measures practiced across different types of poultry farms in Mexico, and (ii) to collect information regarding antimicrobial usage. A cross-sectional study was carried out through on-farm interviews on 43 poultry farms. A multiple correspondence analysis was performed to characterize the farms based on their pattern of biosecurity practices and antimicrobial usage. Three clusters of farms were identified using an agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis. In each cluster, a specific farm type was predominant. The biosecurity measures that significantly differentiated the visited farms, thus allowing their clusterization, were: the use of personal protective equipment (e.g. face masks, hair caps, and eye protection), the requirement for a hygiene protocol before and after entering the farm, the use of exclusive working clothes by staff and visitors, footbath presence at the barn entrance, and the mortality disposal strategy. The more stringent the biosecurity measures on farms within a cluster, the fewer the farms that used antimicrobials. Farms with more biosecurity breaches used antimicrobials considered critically important for public health. These findings could be helpful to understand how to guide strategies to reinforce compliance with biosecurity practices identified as critical according to the farm type. We conclude by providing certain recommendations to improve on-farm biosecurity measures.
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Tasie, C. M., G. I. Wilcox, and A. E. Kalio. "Adoption of biosecurity for disease prevention and control by poultry farmers in Imo State, Nigeria." Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 18, no. 2 (February 24, 2021): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jafs.v18i2.6.

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The study assessed the adoption of biosecurity for disease prevention and control by poultry farmers in Imo State. The objectives of study were to: ascertain the socio - economic characteristics of poultry farmers in Imo State; identify sources of informationon biosecurity measures adopted by poultry farmers for disease prevention and control in Imo State; ascertain biosecurity measures adopted by poultry farmers for disease prevention and control in Imo State; determine factors influencing adoption of biosecurity practices. A research survey of 60 owners and managers of poultry farms was used. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select samples for the study and data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Logit regression). The study revealed that most of the poultry farmers in the study area were male and married and that these farmers were still intheiractiveandproductiveageand most of them were educated. Majority of the poultry farmers in the study area were micro and small scale farmers and have considerable experience in poultry production and are members of farmers’ groups with profit motive as their farming enterprise objective. Majority of the poultry farmers had training in livestock management and most of the respondents did not receive any extension visit for the past two years up to the date of data collection and that the practice of biosecurity in the study area is high. Farmers association, veterinary officers, Internet and researchers are the significant sources of information on biosecurity to the poultry farmers in the study area. Age, cooperative membership, experience in poultry farming, training, farm size, education and access to credit significantly influenced the adoption of biosecurity practices in the study area. Any increase in the level of these variables would increase the level of adoption of biosecurity practices for disease prevention and control in the study area. Based on the findings of the this study, it is recommended that aggressive sensitization of the poultry farmers through seminars, workshops and conferences by relevant authorities on the advantages of adoption of biosecurity measures in their farms and encouraging fellow farmers to do so.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Biosecurity practices"

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Brandt, Aric. "Feedyard biocontainment, biosecurity, and security risks and practices of central plains feedyards." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/343.

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Castle, Brittany Amber. "Survey of Swine Disease, Management and Biosecurity Practices of Hawai'i Swine Farms." Thesis, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10977266.

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Although swine diseases and parasites cause significant losses to producers in Hawai‘i, limited information is available on changing disease patterns and related farm practices. The objectives of this study were to identify practices used on Hawai‘i swine farms and to determine if there is a relationship between those practices and the absence or presence of a disease. A management and biosecurity practices survey was administered to farmers (n = 27). Survey questions were analyzed by region, sow population, and disease presence. Most common practices included cooking food waste (94% of farmers feeding food waste), feral pig exclusion (74%), and administering an anthelmintic (63%). Challenges faced by farmers include biosecurity concerns of on-farm sales, limited access to veterinary specialists, and excluding vermin from the production area. In addition, serological samples (n = 414) from swine farms (n = 57 out of 200 farms) were tested and found positive for antibodies against Porcine Circovirus Type 2b (PCV ELISA; 98% positive), Senecavirus (SVA IFA; 58%), Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED IFA; 33%) and Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS ELISA; 16%). Fecal flotation detected coccidia oocysts (63%) on every island; Oesophagostomum dentatum (26%), Ascaris suum (18%), Strongyloides (11%), Metastrongylus spp. (8%), and Trichuris suis (8%) ova were on a subset of islands. Analysis indicates that disease prevalence is regionally distributed. Kaua‘i, which is protected by a quarantine order, has remained negative for PED, and Moloka‘i, which sees less interisland traffic, is negative for PRRS, PED, and SVA. Geographical patterns in disease distribution assist biosecurity and management practice recommendations, the design of vaccination protocols, and the judicious use of antibiotics.

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Flood, Jessica Scarlett. "Foot-and-mouth disease epidemiology in relation to the physical, social and demographic farming landscape." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20376.

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The foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus poses a considerable threat both to farmers and to the wider economy should there be a future incursion into the UK. The most recent large-scale FMD epidemic in the UK was in 2001. Mathematical models were developed and used during this epidemic to aid decision-making about how to most effectively control and eliminate it. While the epidemic was eventually brought to a halt, it resulted in a huge loss of livestock and is estimated to have cost the UK economy around ¿6 billion. The mathematical models predicted the overall spatial spread of FMD well, but had low predictive ability for identifying precisely which farm premises became infected over the course of the epidemic. This will in part have been due to the stochastic nature of the models. However, the transmission probability between two farm premises was represented as the Euclidean distance between their point locations, which is a crude representation of FMD transmission. Additionally, the premises' point location data contain inaccuracies, sometimes identifying the farmer's residential address rather than the farm itself which may be a long way away. Local FMD transmission occurs via contaminated fomites carried by people or vehicles between premises, or by infected particles being blown by wind between proximal fields. Given that these transmission mechanisms are thought to be related to having close field boundaries, it is possible that some of the inaccuracy in model predictions is also due to imprecisely representing such transmission. In this thesis I use fine-scale geographical data of farm premises' field locations to study the contiguity of premises (where contiguous premises (CPs) are defined as having field boundaries < 15m apart). I demonstrate that the distance between two premises' point locations does not accurately represent when they are CPs. Using an area of southern Scotland containing 4767 livestock premises, I compare the predictions of model simulations using two different model formulations. The first is one of the original models based on the 2001 outbreak, and the second is a new model in which transmission probability is related to whether or not premises were contiguous. The comparison suggests that the premises that became infected during the course of the simulations were more predictable using the new model. While it cannot be concluded that this will translate into more accurate predictions until this can be validated during a future outbreak, it does suggest that the new model is more predictable in its route through the landscape, and therefore that it may better reflect local transmission routes than the original model. Networks based on contiguity of premises were constructed for the same area of southern Scotland, and showed that 90.6% (n=4318) of the premises in the area were indirectly connected to one another as part of the Giant Component (GC). The network metric of 'betweenness' was used to identify premises acting as bridges between otherwise disconnected sub-populations of premises. It was found that removing 100 premises with highest betweenness served to fragment the GC. Model simulations indicated that, even with some longer-range transmission possible, removing these premises from the network resulted in a large decrease in mean number of infected premises and outbreak duration. In real terms, premises removal from the network would mean ensuring these premises did not become infected by enhanced biosecurity and/or vaccination depending on policy. In this thesis I also considered the role of biosecurity practices in shaping FMD spread. A sample of 200 Scottish farmers were interviewed on their biosecurity practices, and their biosecurity risk quantified using a biosecurity 'risk score' developed during the 2007 FMD outbreak in Surrey. Using Moran's I and network assortativity measures it was found that there did not appear to be any clustering of biosecurity risk scores on premises. Statistical analysis found no association between biosecurity risk and the mathematical model's premises' susceptibility term (which describes the increase in a premises' susceptibility with increasing numbers of livestock). This suggests that the model's susceptibility term is not indirectly capturing a general pattern in biosecurity on different sized farm premises. Thus, this body of work shows that incorporating a more realistic representation of premises location into mathematical models, in terms of area (i.e. as fields) rather than a point, alters predictions of spatial spread. It also demonstrates that targeted control at a relatively small number of farms could effectively fragment the farming landscape, and has the potential to considerably reduce the size of an FMD outbreak. It also demonstrates that variations in premises' FMD biosecurity risks are unlikely to be indirectly affecting the spatial or demographic components of the model. This increase in understanding of how geographic, social and demographic factors relate to FMD spread through the landscape may enable more effective control of an outbreak, should there be an incursion in the UK in future.
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Bottoms, Katherine. "An Evaluation of Biosecurity Practices on Southern Ontario Swine Farms, and its Application to Risk-Based Surveillance Approaches." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/3617.

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This thesis is an investigation of external biosecurity and its application to risk-based surveillance approaches in the southern Ontario swine industry. In each of two datasets, the best number of groups to describe biosecurity practices was identified, resulting in two groups with high biosecurity standards and one group with low biosecurity standards. Multinomial logistic regression models identified herd density, herd size, and herd type among significant predictors of biosecurity group membership. A map of southern Ontario that can be used as a tool in the risk-based surveillance of contagious swine diseases was developed using geographic information about swine density, and the distribution of herds belonging to the high biosecurity groups. Finally, multiple correspondence analysis examined how individual biosecurity practices form strategies on sow farms. Some practices that are generally considered high-risk were closely associated with other practices that mitigate the risk, suggesting that evaluation of the overall strategy is essential for complete assessment of biosecurity.
The Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (under the Emergency Management research theme); Ontario Pork; the Ontario Pork Industry Council's Swine Health Advisory Board; the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada;
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Books on the topic "Biosecurity practices"

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Brian, Rappert, and Gould Chandré, eds. Biosecurity: Origins, transformations and practices. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009.

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United States. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Backyard biosecurity practices to keep your birds healthy. 2nd ed. Riverdale, Md.?]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 2008.

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Gullino, Maria Lodovica, James P. Stack, Jacqueline Fletcher, and John D. Mumford, eds. Practical Tools for Plant and Food Biosecurity. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46897-6.

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Antal, Edit. Maize and biosecurity in Mexico: Debate and practice. Amsterdam: Cedla, 2007.

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Dewulf, J., and F. van Immerseel, eds. Biosecurity in animal production and veterinary medicine: from principles to practice. Wallingford: CABI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245684.0000.

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Emerging Threats and Capabilities United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Subcommittee on Intelligence. Biodefense: Worldwide threats and countermeasure efforts for the Department of Defense : hearing before the Subcommittee on Intelligence, Emerging Threats and Capabilities of the Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, first session, hearing held October 11, 2013. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2013.

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1951-, Katona Peter, Sullivan John P. 1959-, and Intriligator Michael D, eds. Global biosecurity: Threats and practices. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2010.

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United States. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Veterinary Services. Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health. and National Animal Health Monitoring System (U.S.), eds. Biosecurity practices on U.S. equine facilities. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, APHIS, 1998.

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United States. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, ed. Backyard biosecurity: Practices to keep your birds healthy. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 2004.

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The Handbook Of Plant Biosecurity Principles And Practices For The Identification Containment And Control Of Organisms That Threaten Agriculture And The Environment Globally. Springer, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Biosecurity practices"

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Saegerman, C., and M. F. Humblet. "Biosecurity in veterinary practices and clinics." In Biosecurity in animal production and veterinary medicine: from principles to practice, 453–73. Wallingford: CABI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245684.0453.

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Royce, Paul. "Using a Community Approach to Foster Effective Biosecurity Practices Across Social Borders." In Managing Biosecurity Across Borders, 93–107. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1412-0_5.

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Novossiolova, Tatyana, Todd Kuiken, Jared DeCoste, Luc Henry, Ineke Malsch, Myriam Merad, Carl Newman, Wallace Patterson, and Alexandra Waskow. "Addressing Emerging Synthetic Biology Threats: The Role of Education and Outreach in Fostering Effective Bottom-Up Grassroots Governance." In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security, 81–102. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2086-9_6.

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AbstractThis chapter seeks to examine the role of the synthetic biology community in strengthening biosafety and biosecurity and safeguarding synthetic biology against accidental and deliberate misuse. It argues that biosafety and biosecurity education, awareness-raising, and outreach are essential for fostering effective bottom-up (self-governance) approaches for biosafety and biosecurity risk management. The chapter provides an overview of the structure of the synthetic biology community underscoring its complexity in terms of professional interdisciplinarity, stakeholder diversity, and fluidity, i.e. professional and non-professional actors moving from one context to another over time. It then examines the prevalent perceptions and framing of biosafety and biosecurity risks within the synthetic biology community, in order to identify options for enhancing stakeholder engagement and leveraging the diversity of expertise within the synthetic biology community for promoting responsible research and innovation practices. The conclusion outlines a summary of the key findings in this chapter.
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Saltzman, Katarina, Carina Sjöholm, and Tina Westerlund. "Gardeners’ Perspectives and Practices in Relation to Plants in Motion." In Routledge Handbook of Biosecurity and Invasive Species, 226–39. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351131599-17.

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Yavuzcan Yildiz, Hijran, Vladimir Radosavljevic, Giuliana Parisi, and Aleksandar Cvetkovikj. "Insight into Risks in Aquatic Animal Health in Aquaponics." In Aquaponics Food Production Systems, 435–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15943-6_17.

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AbstractIncreased public interest in aquaponics necessitates a greater need to monitor fish health to minimize risk of infectious and non-infectious disease outbreaks which result from problematic biosecurity. Fish losses due to health and disease, as well as reporting of poor management practices and quality in produce, which could in a worst-case scenario affect human health, can lead to serious economic and reputational vulnerability for the aquaponics industry. The complexity of aquaponic systems prevents using many antimicrobial/antiparasitic agents or disinfectants to eradicate diseases or parasites. In this chapter, we provide an overview of potential hazards in terms of risks related to aquatic animal health and describe preventive approaches specific to aquaponic systems.
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Aceto, Helen W. "Biosecurity." In Practical Guide to Equine Colic, 262–77. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc,., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118704783.ch20.

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Weese, J. S. "Biosecurity for horse facilities." In Biosecurity in animal production and veterinary medicine: from principles to practice, 409–31. Wallingford: CABI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245684.0409.

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Norton, G. A., T. W. Walters, J. LaForest, K. Walker, M. Taylor, S. Winterton, and G. Kong. "Digital Identification Tools in Regulatory Science and Practice." In The Handbook of Plant Biosecurity, 339–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7365-3_12.

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Thomas, Jane E., Thomas A. Wood, Maria Lodovica Gullino, and Giuseppe Ortu. "Diagnostic Tools for Plant Biosecurity." In Practical Tools for Plant and Food Biosecurity, 209–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46897-6_10.

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Olkowski, A. "Drinking water hygiene and biosecurity." In Biosecurity in animal production and veterinary medicine: from principles to practice, 211–41. Wallingford: CABI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245684.0211.

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Conference papers on the topic "Biosecurity practices"

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"<i>Simulating Risk Reduction Using Biosecurity Practices on Farm</i>." In 2019 ASABE International Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.201900870.

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Reports on the topic "Biosecurity practices"

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Jorgensen, Frieda, Andre Charlett, Craig Swift, Anais Painset, and Nicolae Corcionivoschi. A survey of the levels of Campylobacter spp. contamination and prevalence of selected antimicrobial resistance determinants in fresh whole UK-produced chilled chickens at retail sale (non-major retailers). Food Standards Agency, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.xls618.

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Abstract:
Campylobacter spp. are the most common bacterial cause of foodborne illness in the UK, with chicken considered to be the most important vehicle for this organism. The UK Food Standards Agency (FSA) agreed with industry to reduce Campylobacter spp. contamination in raw chicken and issued a target to reduce the prevalence of the most contaminated chickens (those with more than 1000 cfu per g chicken neck skin) to below 10 % at the end of the slaughter process, initially by 2016. To help monitor progress, a series of UK-wide surveys were undertaken to determine the levels of Campylobacter spp. on whole UK-produced, fresh chicken at retail sale in the UK. The data obtained for the first four years was reported in FSA projects FS241044 (2014/15) and FS102121 (2015 to 2018). The FSA has indicated that the retail proxy target for the percentage of highly contaminated raw whole retail chickens should be less than 7% and while continued monitoring has demonstrated a sustained decline for chickens from major retailer stores, chicken on sale in other stores have yet to meet this target. This report presents results from testing chickens from non-major retailer stores (only) in a fifth survey year from 2018 to 2019. In line with previous practise, samples were collected from stores distributed throughout the UK (in proportion to the population size of each country). Testing was performed by two laboratories - a Public Health England (PHE) laboratory or the Agri-Food & Biosciences Institute (AFBI), Belfast. Enumeration of Campylobacter spp. was performed using the ISO 10272-2 standard enumeration method applied with a detection limit of 10 colony forming units (cfu) per gram (g) of neck skin. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to selected antimicrobials in accordance with those advised in the EU harmonised monitoring protocol was predicted from genome sequence data in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates The percentage (10.8%) of fresh, whole chicken at retail sale in stores of smaller chains (for example, Iceland, McColl’s, Budgens, Nisa, Costcutter, One Stop), independents and butchers (collectively referred to as non-major retailer stores in this report) in the UK that are highly contaminated (at more than 1000 cfu per g) with Campylobacter spp. has decreased since the previous survey year but is still higher than that found in samples from major retailers. 8 whole fresh raw chickens from non-major retailer stores were collected from August 2018 to July 2019 (n = 1009). Campylobacter spp. were detected in 55.8% of the chicken skin samples obtained from non-major retailer shops, and 10.8% of the samples had counts above 1000 cfu per g chicken skin. Comparison among production plant approval codes showed significant differences of the percentages of chicken samples with more than 1000 cfu per g, ranging from 0% to 28.1%. The percentage of samples with more than 1000 cfu of Campylobacter spp. per g was significantly higher in the period May, June and July than in the period November to April. The percentage of highly contaminated samples was significantly higher for samples taken from larger compared to smaller chickens. There was no statistical difference in the percentage of highly contaminated samples between those obtained from chicken reared with access to range (for example, free-range and organic birds) and those reared under standard regime (for example, no access to range) but the small sample size for organic and to a lesser extent free-range chickens, may have limited the ability to detect important differences should they exist. Campylobacter species was determined for isolates from 93.4% of the positive samples. C. jejuni was isolated from the majority (72.6%) of samples while C. coli was identified in 22.1% of samples. A combination of both species was found in 5.3% of samples. C. coli was more frequently isolated from samples obtained from chicken reared with access to range in comparison to those reared as standard birds. C. jejuni was less prevalent during the summer months of June, July and August compared to the remaining months of the year. Resistance to ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolone), erythromycin (macrolide), tetracycline, (tetracyclines), gentamicin and streptomycin (aminoglycosides) was predicted from WGS data by the detection of known antimicrobial resistance determinants. Resistance to ciprofloxacin was detected in 185 (51.7%) isolates of C. jejuni and 49 (42.1%) isolates of C. coli; while 220 (61.1%) isolates of C. jejuni and 73 (62.9%) isolates of C. coli isolates were resistant to tetracycline. Three C. coli (2.6%) but none of the C. jejuni isolates harboured 23S mutations predicting reduced susceptibility to erythromycin. Multidrug resistance (MDR), defined as harbouring genetic determinants for resistance to at least three unrelated antimicrobial classes, was found in 10 (8.6%) C. coli isolates but not in any C. jejuni isolates. Co-resistance to ciprofloxacin and erythromycin was predicted in 1.7% of C. coli isolates. 9 Overall, the percentages of isolates with genetic AMR determinants found in this study were similar to those reported in the previous survey year (August 2016 to July 2017) where testing was based on phenotypic break-point testing. Multi-drug resistance was similar to that found in the previous survey years. It is recommended that trends in AMR in Campylobacter spp. isolates from retail chickens continue to be monitored to realise any increasing resistance of concern, particulary to erythromycin (macrolide). Considering that the percentage of fresh, whole chicken from non-major retailer stores in the UK that are highly contaminated (at more than 1000 cfu per g) with Campylobacter spp. continues to be above that in samples from major retailers more action including consideration of interventions such as improved biosecurity and slaughterhouse measures is needed to achieve better control of Campylobacter spp. for this section of the industry. The FSA has indicated that the retail proxy target for the percentage of highly contaminated retail chickens should be less than 7% and while continued monitoring has demonstrated a sustained decline for chickens from major retailer stores, chicken on sale in other stores have yet to meet this target.
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