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Journal articles on the topic 'Biphasic signal'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Walsh, Paul L., Jelena Petrovic, and R. Mark Wightman. "Distinguishing splanchnic nerve and chromaffin cell stimulation in mouse adrenal slices with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 300, no. 1 (2011): C49—C57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00332.2010.

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Electrical stimulation is an indispensible tool in studying electrically excitable tissues in neurobiology and neuroendocrinology. In this work, the consequences of high-intensity electrical stimulation on the release of catecholamines from adrenal gland slices were examined with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry at carbon fiber microelectrodes. A biphasic signal, consisting of a fast and slow phase, was observed when electrical stimulations typically used in tissue slices (10 Hz, 350 μA biphasic, 2.0 ms/phase pulse width) were applied to bipolar tungsten-stimulating electrodes. This signal was fou

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Kiyatkin, Eugene A., and Elliot A. Stein. "Biphasic changes in mesolimbic dopamine signal during cocaine self-administration." NeuroReport 5, no. 8 (1994): 1005–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001756-199404000-00038.

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Levchenko, A., P. W. Sternberg, and J. Bruck. "Regulatory modules that generate biphasic signal response in biological systems." Systems Biology 1, no. 1 (2004): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/sb:20045014.

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Wenner, Charles E., and Shaochun Yan. "Biphasic role of TGF-?1 in signal transduction and crosstalk." Journal of Cellular Physiology 196, no. 1 (2003): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.10243.

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5

Babatunde, S. Emmanuel. "Study of the Bioelectricity Effects of Biphasic Pulse Stimulation in the Therapy of Neuromuscular Tissue." Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research 10, no. 2 (2023): 94–102. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10453800.

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<strong>Abstract </strong>Relying on the principles of bioelectricity, electrical stimulation assists in the exercise of artificial control over the nervous system. This mechanism propagates action potentials which transmit neural signals to target tissues for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. Research efforts in electrical stimulation for the activation of compromised neuromuscular tissues have been focused on the control of skin sensation taking into account stimulation parameter such as the nature of the stimulating waveform.  This paper is aimed at the simulation study of the bioele

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Yagi, Nobuya, and Hiroaki Nakatani. "Stapedial Electromyograms Recorded by Electrocochleography." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 97, no. 1 (1988): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348948809700115.

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The stapedial reflex (SR) can be obtained by the impedance method only when the middle ear is intact. In order to examine the function of the stapedius muscle in diseased ears, the recording of the stapedial electromyogram by an electrocochleographic (ECoG) method was considered. The SR was recorded simultaneously by the impedance method in ten normal subjects for comparison. The outputs of ECoC were averaged by a signal processor up to 200 times under a longer sweep time, and a large biphasic wave with a latency of about 11 ms was obtained on the ECoC records. The amplitude increase of the bi

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Gottmann, K., and C. J. Weijer. "In situ measurements of external pH and optical density oscillations in Dictyostelium discoideum aggregates." Journal of Cell Biology 102, no. 5 (1986): 1623–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.102.5.1623.

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In situ measurements of extracellular pH by means of microelectrodes and in situ measurements of optical density were performed on aggregating cells of Dictyostelium discoideum. Early aggregation stage AX2 cells showed sinusoidal pH oscillations, which could be inhibited by the specific relay inhibitor caffeine, indicating that they were coupled to cAMP oscillations. Sometimes biphasic pH oscillations were found, which can be explained by the superposition of two harmonic pH oscillations. These harmonic oscillations might arise by gating of the cAMP signal; a part of the cells respond to every

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Chen, Weipeng, Linxin Zhai, Suli Zhang, et al. "Cascade-heterogated biphasic gel iontronics for electronic-to-multi-ionic signal transmission." Science 382, no. 6670 (2023): 559–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adg0059.

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Currently, electronics and iontronics in abiotic-biotic systems can only use electrons and single-species ions as unitary signal carriers. Thus, a mechanism of gating transmission for multiple biosignals in such devices is needed to match and modulate complex aqueous-phase biological systems. Here we report the use of cascade-heterogated biphasic gel iontronics to achieve diverse electronic-to-multi-ionic signal transmission. The cascade-heterogated property determined the transfer free energy barriers experienced by ions and ionic hydration-dehydration states under an electric potential field

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Zanner, Robert, Gerhard Hapfelmeier, Manfred Gratzl, and Christian Prinz. "Intracellular signal transduction during gastrin-induced histamine secretion in rat gastric ECL cells." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 282, no. 2 (2002): C374—C382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00366.2001.

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Activation of Gqprotein-coupled receptors usually causes a biphasic increase in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) that is crucial for secretion in nonexcitable cells. In gastric enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells, stimulation with gastrin leads to a prompt biphasic calcium response followed by histamine secretion. This study investigates the underlying signaling events in this neuroendocrine cell type. In ECL cells, RT-PCR suggested the presence of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) subtypes 1–3. The IP3R antagonist 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate abolished both gastrin-induc

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Aiello, Orazio. "On the DC Offset Current Generated during Biphasic Stimulation: Experimental Study." Electronics 9, no. 8 (2020): 1198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9081198.

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This paper deals with the DC offset currents generated by a platinum electrode matrix during biphasic stimulation. A fully automated test bench evaluates the nanoampere range DC offset currents in a realistic and comprehensive scenario by using platinum electrodes in a saline solution as a load for the stimulator. Measurements are performed on different stimulation patterns for single or dual hexagonal stimulation sites operating simultaneously and alternately. The effectiveness of the return electrode presence in reducing the DC offset current is considered. Experimental results show how for

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Malmborg, Anna-Stina, Erik Ekwall, Karl-Erik Myrbäck, and Signe Ringertz. "Comparison of Oxoid Signal and Biphasic Blood Culture Systems in Clinical Practice." Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 22, no. 1 (1990): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365549009023131.

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12

Persad, Sujata, Vijayan Elimban, Jasvinder Kaila, and Naranjan S. Dhalla. "Biphasic Alterations in Cardiac Beta-Adrenoceptor Signal Transduction Mechanism Due to Oxyradicals." Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 282, no. 3 (1997): 1623–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3565(24)36919-8.

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13

Brandon, J. A., and J. Richards. "A Conjecture on the Interface Mechanics in Fractures Based on the Interpretation of Impulse Vests." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 203, no. 4 (1989): 203–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1989_203_040_01.

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Time-domain tests for monitoring fracture healing, undertaken by the authors and workers elsewhere, show a repeatable characteristic signal behaviour which is difficult to explain using the linear models prevailing in biomechanics. The paper proposes a simple non-linear model which, it is believed, will reproduce the observed signal behaviour and is consistent with the biphasic stiffness model previously identifed in static mechanical testing for monitoring of fracture healing. This, in turn, correlates with the two stages of callus formation in the accepted biological model.

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Klishin, Andrey, Marina Sedova, and Lothar A. Blatter. "Time-dependent modulation of capacitative Ca2+ entry signals by plasma membrane Ca2+ pump in endothelium." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 274, no. 4 (1998): C1117—C1128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1998.274.4.c1117.

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In vascular endothelial cells, depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores elicited capacitative Ca2+ entry (CCE) that resulted in biphasic changes of intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) with a rapid initial peak of [Ca2+]ifollowed by a gradual decrease to a sustained plateau level. We investigated the rates of Ca2+entry, removal, and sequestration during activation of CCE and their respective contributions to the biphasic changes of [Ca2+]i. Ca2+ buffering by mitochondria, removal by Na+/Ca2+exchange, and a fixed electrical driving force for Ca2+ (voltage-clamp experiments) had little effec

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Suwanmajo, Thapanar, and J. Krishnan. "Biphasic responses in multi-site phosphorylation systems." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, no. 89 (2013): 20130742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2013.0742.

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Multi-site phosphorylation systems are repeatedly encountered in cellular biology and multi-site modification is a basic building block of post-translational modification. In this paper, we demonstrate how distributive multi-site modification mechanisms by a single kinase/phosphatase pair can lead to biphasic/partial biphasic dose–response characteristics for the maximally phosphorylated substrate at steady state. We use simulations and analysis to uncover a hidden competing effect which is responsible for this and analyse how it may be accentuated. We build on this to analyse different varian

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Dov, Avital, Eva Abramovitch, Nasim Warwar, and Rafael Nesher. "Diminished Phosphodiesterase-8B Potentiates Biphasic Insulin Response to Glucose." Endocrinology 149, no. 2 (2007): 741–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2007-0968.

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cAMP activates multiple signal pathways, crucial for the pancreatic β-cells function and survival and is a major potentiator of insulin release. A family of phosphodiesterases (PDEs) terminate the cAMP signals. We examined the expression of PDEs in rat β-cells and their role in the regulation of insulin response. Using RT-PCR and Western blot analyses, we identified PDE3A, PDE3B, PDE4B, PDE4D, and PDE8B in rat islets and in INS-1E cells and several possible splice variants of these PDEs. Specific depletion of PDE3A with small interfering (si) RNA (siPDE3A) led to a small (67%) increase in the

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Brezgunov, Oleksandr, and Sergey Brezgunov. "Calculation of the Amplitude and Initial Phase of the Signal from Its Most "Reliable" Fragments." PHYSICS OF ATMOSPHERE AND GEOSPACE 2, no. 1 (2021): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47774/phag.02.01.2021-2.

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The idea of improving the methods of processing the received radio signals used in radio communication and radiolocation systems is considered. It is proposed to consider the radio signal as a noise-resistant code with repetition of its periods (symbols), each of which carries the same information about the value of its amplitude and initial phase. The possibility of realization of coherent reception of radio signals with amplitude or biphasic discrete modulation under the influence of powerful noise on them by their most "reliable" (suitable for calculations) fragments, determined by the valu

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Flores-Bungacho, Francisco, Jonathan Guerrero, Jacqueline Llanos, Diego Ortiz-Villalba, Alex Navas, and Paola Velasco. "Development and Application of a Virtual Reality Biphasic Separator as a Learning System for Industrial Process Control." Electronics 11, no. 4 (2022): 636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11040636.

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In this study, we propose a virtual reality biphasic separator methodology in an immersive industrial environment. It allows the training of students or engineers in process and automatic control. On the other hand, the operating performance of a biphasic separator requires advanced automatic control strategies because this industrial process has multivariable and nonlinear characteristics. In this context, the virtual biphasic separator allows the testing of several control techniques. The methodology, involving the immersive virtualization of the biphasic separator, includes three stages. Fi

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19

Graener, R., and J. Werner. "Dynamics of endotoxin fever in the rabbit." Journal of Applied Physiology 60, no. 5 (1986): 1504–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1986.60.5.1504.

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To analyze the dynamic properties of body temperature and effector mechanisms during endotoxin fever, both experimental and mathematical procedures were applied. Experiments were carried out on rabbits in a climatic chamber at various ambient temperatures. Salmonella typhosa endotoxin (0.1 microgram/kg) was injected into an ear vein. A biphasic core temperature increase evoked by different effector mechanisms depending on ambient temperature was observed. A mathematical model based on experimental results with nonfebrile rabbits predicts the effector behavior at all ambient temperatures. From

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20

Kanodia, Jitendra, Diana Chai, Jannik Vollmer, et al. "Deciphering the mechanism behind Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) induced biphasic signal-response profiles." Cell Communication and Signaling 12, no. 1 (2014): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1478-811x-12-34.

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21

Harhaj, E. W., S. B. Maggirwar, L. Good, and S. C. Sun. "CD28 mediates a potent costimulatory signal for rapid degradation of IkappaBbeta which is associated with accelerated activation of various NF-kappaB/Rel heterodimers." Molecular and Cellular Biology 16, no. 12 (1996): 6736–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.16.12.6736.

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Optimal activation of T cells requires at least two signals delivered by the T-cell receptor complex and costimulatory molecules such as CD28. The CD28 signaling participates in the transcription of the interleukin-2 gene through activation of an enhancer termed the CD28-responsive element (CD28RE). Stimulation of CD28 enhances mitogen-mediated induction of CD28RE-binding proteins including members of the NF-kappaB/Rel transcription factor family, although the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this report, we show that CD28 costimulation leads to biphasic induction of NF-kappaB/Rel hete

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Freedman, Bruce D., Qing-Hua Liu, Selin Somersan, Michael I. Kotlikoff, and Jennifer A. Punt. "Receptor Avidity and Costimulation Specify the Intracellular Ca2+ Signaling Pattern in Cd4+Cd8+ Thymocytes." Journal of Experimental Medicine 190, no. 7 (1999): 943–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.190.7.943.

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Thymocyte maturation is governed by antigen–T cell receptor (TCR) affinity and the extent of TCR aggregation. Signals provided by coactivating molecules such as CD4 and CD28 also influence the fate of immature thymocytes. The mechanism by which differences in antigen–TCR avidity encode unique maturational responses of lymphocytes and the influence of coactivating molecules on these signaling processes is not fully understood. To better understand the role of a key second messenger, calcium, in governing thymocyte maturation, we measured the intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) re

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Ardhi, Fahmi, Bambang Guruh Irianto, and Endro Yulianto. "Rancang Bangun Defibrillator dengan Joule Rendah." Jurnal Teknokes 13, no. 2 (2020): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.35882/teknokes.v13i2.1.

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Sinyal monofasik memiliki satu arus puncak tinggi yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada jantung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendesain suatu defibrillator yang dapat meminimalisir resiko atau dampak akibat penggunaan sinyal monofasik. Kontribusi peneitian ini adalah sistem dapat menghasilkan sinyal bifasik yang membutuhkan tegangan lebih rendah dan energi lebih rendah daripada sinyal monofasik, untuk dapat menghasilkan tegangan dan energi yang lebih rendah maka dibutuhkan dua kondensator sehingga pengisian dapat disesuaikan dengan rumus perhitungan energi. Penelitian ini menggunakan

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Drummond, A. H. "Inositol lipid metabolism and signal transduction in clonal pituitary cells." Journal of Experimental Biology 124, no. 1 (1986): 337–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.124.1.337.

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A number of clonal cell lines derived from a rat pituitary tumour, collectively termed GH cells, have retained a range of differentiated cell functions, including their ability to secrete the hormones prolactin and growth hormone in response to stimuli such as thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). The mechanisms underlying this release process involve, at least in part, an increase in cytosolic free calcium levels, and the cells have proved useful as a model system in studies of receptor-controlled calcium mobilization. The initial response of the cells to the addition of TRH now appears to be

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Masamoto, Kazuto, Tetsuro Omura, Naosada Takizawa, et al. "Biphasic Changes in Tissue Partial Pressure of Oxygen Closely Related to Localized Neural Activity in Guinea Pig Auditory Cortex." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 23, no. 9 (2003): 1075–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.wcb.0000084248.20114.b3.

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An understanding of the local changes in cerebral oxygen content accompanying functional brain activation is critical for making a valid signal interpretation of hemodynamic-based functional brain imaging. However, spatiotemporal relations between changes in tissue partial pressure of oxygen (Po2) and induced neural activity remain incompletely understood. To characterize the local Po2 response to the given neural activity, the authors simultaneously measured tissue Po2 and neural activity in the identical region of guinea pig auditory cortex with an oxygen microelectrode (tip < 10 μm) and

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Kreiner, G., C. D. Gottlieb, S. Furukawa, M. B. Simson, G. S. Tyson, and L. H. Edmunds. "Late potentials in an ovine model of acute transmural myocardial infarction." Journal of Applied Physiology 73, no. 3 (1992): 841–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1992.73.3.841.

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The development of slow conduction during the first hours of acute transmural myocardial infarction (ATMI) was studied by signal-averaged electrocardiograms (SAE) in 19 adult anesthetized sheep. SAEs were recorded before and after intravenous infusions of lidocaine and bretylium were begun and 10, 30, and 60 min after ATMI produced by ligation of the left anterior descending and second diagonal coronary arteries. Four sheep died promptly of ventricular tachyarrhythmias; two others developed sustained ventricular arrhythmias, which precluded additional data. Biphasic changes in QRS duration, ro

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Xie, Yili, and Zhiguo Yu. "Biphasic regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases by scalaradial, A secretory phospholipase A2 inhibitor." Cancer Biology & Therapy 5, no. 8 (2006): 988–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/cbt.5.8.2884.

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Weiss-Messer, E., R. Ber, and R. J. Barkey. "Prolactin and MA-10 Leydig cell steroidogenesis: biphasic effects of prolactin and signal transduction." Endocrinology 137, no. 12 (1996): 5509–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo.137.12.8940378.

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Pardo, A., S. Feliú, M. C. Merino, R. Arrabal, and E. Matykina. "XPS Study of Chemical Changes on the La/Ce Treated Surface of A361 Aluminium Alloy Exposed to Air at Temperatures up to500∘C." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2009 (2009): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/698101.

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The chemical changes that take place on the rare earth treated surface of the A361 aluminium alloy exposed to air at temperatures between 100 and500∘Chave been examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The most notable features discussed in this work are the disappearance of Mg and Si signals at the tested temperatures and disappearance of the Ce signal at temperatures of 400–500∘C. The biphasic microstructure of the A361 alloy, constituted by close to 12 wt% Si and the Al matrix, plays an important role in many of the results obtained. The notable growth of aluminium oxide across

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Nemoto, Masahito, Yasutomo Nomura, Chie Sato, et al. "Analysis of Optical Signals Evoked by Peripheral Nerve Stimulation in Rat Somatosensory Cortex: Dynamic Changes in Hemoglobin Concentration and Oxygenation." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 19, no. 3 (1999): 246–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004647-199903000-00002.

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The origins of reflected light changes associated with neuronal activity (optical signals) were investigated in rat somatosensory cortex with optical imaging, microspectrophotometry, and laser-Doppler flowmetry, and dynamic changes in local hemoglobin concentration and oxygenation were focused on. Functional activation was carried out by 2-second, 5-Hz electrical stimulation of the hind limb under chloralose anesthesia. These measurements were performed at the contralateral parietal cortex through a thinned skull. Regional cortical blood flow (rCBF) started to rise 1.5 seconds after the stimul

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Kim, Ginam, Alioscka Sousa, Deborah Meyers, and Matthew Libera. "Nanoscale Composition of Biphasic Polymer Nanocolloids in Aqueous Suspension." Microscopy and Microanalysis 14, no. 5 (2008): 459–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927608080677.

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AbstractThe molecular distribution in nanocolloids of poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) and an organic copolymer (methyl acrylate co-methyl methacrylate co-vinyl acetate) preserved in a frozen aqueous solution was investigated using cryovalence electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) coupled with a scanning transmission electron microscope. Low energy-loss spectra depend upon valence electron structure, and we show that they are substantially different for the PDMS, the copolymer, and the vitrified water studied here. Combining a high efficiency detection system and the use of high-signal low-lo

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Jin, N., C. S. Packer, and R. A. Rhoades. "Pulmonary arterial hypoxic contraction: signal transduction." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 263, no. 1 (1992): L73—L78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1992.263.1.l73.

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The response of isolated rat pulmonary arteries to acute hypoxia has previously been reported to be biphasic, consisting of an initial rapid contraction of short duration, followed by partial relaxation (phase 1) and then a second slowly developed but sustained contraction (phase 2). The purpose of this study was to determine the following: 1) whether products from the endothelium might be required, 2) whether extra- and/or intracellular calcium or protein kinase C might be second messengers in mediating the pulmonary arterial hypoxic contraction, and 3) whether or not guanosine 3',5'-cyclic m

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DOLZMANN, K., S. KALTENBACH, W. HANKE, and V. M. FERNANDES DE LIMA. "BIPHASIC OPTICAL SIGNAL OF AN OSCILLATING NONSTATIONARY BELOUSOV–ZHABOTINSKY BULK REACTION AND ITS SIMILARITY TO SOME NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL EVENTS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 17, no. 04 (2007): 1329–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127407017823.

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Oscillating chemical bulk reactions of the Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) type usually show a well-defined periodical color change representing the underlying chemical reactions. Models including up to more than 50 coupled reactions have been developed to describe the BZ-reaction in detail, however, typically a much simpler set of equations is used (i.e. the Brüsselator, the FKN, or the FitzHugh–Nagumo model). There are various types of oscillating reactions with color changes, for example, from transparent to yellow ( Ce catalyzed), or from blue to red (Ferroin catalyzed). In equilibrium systems a

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Teng, Chiao-Fang, Han-Chieh Wu, Wen-Chuan Hsieh, Hung-Wen Tsai, and Ih-Jen Su. "Activation of ATP Citrate Lyase by mTOR Signal Induces Disturbed Lipid Metabolism in Hepatitis B Virus Pre-S2 Mutant Tumorigenesis." Journal of Virology 89, no. 1 (2014): 605–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02363-14.

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ABSTRACTThe development of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been found to be associated with disturbed lipid metabolism. To elucidate the role of lipid metabolism in HBV tumorigenesis, we investigated the dynamic pattern of lipid metabolism in HBV pre-S2 mutant-induced tumorigenesis. Lipid and gene expression profiles were analyzed in anin vitroculture system and in transgenic mouse livers harboring HBV pre-S2 mutant. The pre-S2 mutant transgenic livers showed a biphasic pattern of lipid accumulation, starting from mild fatty change in early (1 month) transgen

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Cardozo, Eduardo, Joel Vielma, Bernardo Fontal, et al. "Synthesis, characterization and hydrogenation catalysis in biphasic medium (organic/water) of samarium (III) complex with glycine and 2,2-bipyridine ligands." Avances en Química 10 (2015): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.53766/avanquim/2015.10.01.

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Sm(bipy)(glycine)3 [bipy = 2,2-bipyridine] was synthesized by classic, microwave and mechanical methods. UV-Vis reveals a strong signal near 190 nm corresponding to a high energy Sm-O bond and f→f transitions. FT-IR spectra show a band between 490 - 450 cm-1 indicative of a Sm-O bond. TGA-DTA and MS analytical analysis, confirm the structural proposals. The samarium (III) complex was tested in 1-hexene hydrogenation, in biphasic media (cyclohexane/water) and the reaction parameters were optimized (time, temperature, substrate/catalyst ratio and H2 pressure). Catalystshowed 37.5 % conversion.

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Rieiro, Héctor, Carolina Diaz-Piedra, José Miguel Morales, et al. "Validation of Electroencephalographic Recordings Obtained with a Consumer-Grade, Single Dry Electrode, Low-Cost Device: A Comparative Study." Sensors 19, no. 12 (2019): 2808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19122808.

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The functional validity of the signal obtained with low-cost electroencephalography (EEG) devices is still under debate. Here, we have conducted an in-depth comparison of the EEG-recordings obtained with a medical-grade golden-cup electrodes ambulatory device, the SOMNOwatch + EEG-6, vs those obtained with a consumer-grade, single dry electrode low-cost device, the NeuroSky MindWave, one of the most affordable devices currently available. We recorded EEG signals at Fp1 using the two different devices simultaneously on 21 participants who underwent two experimental phases: a 12-minute resting s

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LEDERER, ELEANOR D., SAMEET S. SOHI, and KENNETH R. MCLEISH. "Parathyroid Hormone Stimulates Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK) Activity Through Two Independent Signal Transduction Pathways." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 11, no. 2 (2000): 222–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.v112222.

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Parathyroid hormone (PTH), a major physiologic regulator of proximal renal tubule cell sodium-phosphate cotransport, stimulates several signal transduction pathways including extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK). The physiologic role of PTH-stimulated ERK is unknown. The purpose of the present study was to identify signaling components involved in PTH-stimulated ERK activity and to determine the role of PTH-stimulated ERK activity in regulation of phosphate transport. PTH-stimulated ERK activity was measured in opossum kidney (OK) cell lysates as phosphorylation of myelin basic protein

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Hansen, Michael K., та James M. Krueger. "Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy blocks the sleepand fever-promoting effects of interleukin-1β". American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 273, № 4 (1997): R1246—R1253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1997.273.4.r1246.

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The mechanism by which peripheral cytokines signal the central nervous system to elicit central manifestations of the acute phase response remains unknown. Recent evidence suggests that cytokines may signal the brain via the vagus nerve. To test this possibility, we examined sleep-wake activity and brain temperature (Tbr) after the intraperitoneal administration of saline or three doses (0.1, 0.5, and 2.5 μg/kg) of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in subdiaphragmatically vagotomized (Vx) and sham-operated (Sham) rats. The lowest dose of IL-1β (0.1 μg/kg) increased non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) an

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Marino, Maria, Filippo Acconcia, and Anna Trentalance. "Biphasic Estradiol-induced AKT Phosphorylation Is Modulated by PTEN via MAP Kinase in HepG2 Cells." Molecular Biology of the Cell 14, no. 6 (2003): 2583–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e02-09-0621.

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We reported previously in HepG2 cells that estradiol induces cell cycle progression throughout the G1–S transition by the parallel stimulation of both PKC-α and ERK signaling molecules. The analysis of the cyclin D1 gene expression showed that only the MAP kinase pathway was involved. Here, the presence of rapid/nongenomic, estradiol-regulated, PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway, its modulation by the levels of the tumor suppressor PTEN, its cross-talk with the ERK pathway, and its involvement in DNA synthesis and cyclin D1 gene promoter activity have all been studied in HepG2 cells. 17β-Est

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Sadouki, Mustapha. "Simulation study of the sensitivity of mechanical parameters on the reflected signal at the second interface of human cancellous bone—Application of Biot theory." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (2022): A283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0016280.

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A simulation study of mechanical parameters sensitivity to reflected ultrasound waves at the second interface of a hypothetical human cancellous bone sample is proposed. The sample is considered as a biphasic porous medium saturated by a fluid. The visco-inertial exchanges between the structure and the saturating fluid are described by the Biot theory modified by the Johnson model. An analytical expression of the reflection coefficient at the second interface is obtained in the frequency domain. This expression depends on three physical parameters, which are the porosity, the tortuosity, and t

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Teti, A., F. Naro, M. Molinaro, and S. Adamo. "Transduction of arginine vasopressin signal in skeletal myogenic cells." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 265, no. 1 (1993): C113—C121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1993.265.1.c113.

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Arginine vasopressin (AVP) induced concentration-dependent (10(-9) to 10(-6) M) stimulation of inositol phosphate production and a biphasic increment of cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in skeletal myogenic cells in culture. These effects were almost completely abolished when the cells were pretreated with the AVP antagonist [deamino-Pen1,Val4,D-Arg8]-vasopressin before stimulation with AVP, thus confirming a V1 receptor-mediated effect. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate production was maximally stimulated within 2-3 s of treatment with AVP, immediately followed by release of Ca2+ from i

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Dakin, Christopher J., Billy L. Luu, Kees van den Doel, John Timothy Inglis, and Jean-Sébastien Blouin. "Frequency-Specific Modulation of Vestibular-Evoked Sway Responses in Humans." Journal of Neurophysiology 103, no. 2 (2010): 1048–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00881.2009.

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Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) results in characteristic muscle and whole-body responses in humans maintaining standing balance. However, the relationship between these two vestibular-evoked responses remains elusive. This study seeks to determine whether mechanical filtering from conversion of lower-limb muscle activity to body sway, during standing balance, can be used to attenuate sway while maintaining biphasic lower-limb muscle responses using frequency-limited stochastic vestibular stimulation (SVS). We hypothesized that SVS deprived of frequencies <2 Hz would evoke biphasic mu

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MacGlashan, D., and L. M. Botana. "Biphasic Ca2+ responses in human basophils. Evidence that the initial transient elevation associated with the mobilization of intracellular calcium is an insufficient signal for degranulation." Journal of Immunology 150, no. 3 (1993): 980–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.150.3.980.

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Abstract Human basophils exhibited biphasic cytosolic Ca2+ responses after stimulation with both the bacterial peptide, FMLP and IgE cross-linking agents such as goat polyclonal anti-IgE PS myeloma (anti-IgE) antibody and Ag. The biphasic response to anti-IgE antibody was not apparent unless supraoptimal concentrations of anti-IgE antibody were used to stimulate the cells. Biphasic response characteristics were also observed in single cells. As in many cell types, the first phase of the Ca2+ response appeared independent of extracellular Ca2+. Challenging basophils with anti-IgE in the presenc

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Priima, N. F., D. O. Ivanov, N. P. Bure, and V. V. Popov. "Echocardiography criteria of blood turbulence in the left ventricle during diastole in children." "Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension") 15, no. 5 (2009): 610–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18705/1607-419x-2009-15-5-610-614.

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Objective. To study the hemodynamics in left ventricle (LV) cavity of the left ventricle by Doppler method. Design and methods. 50 children (20 female, 30 male) including 15 athletes (aged from 5 days to 18 years old) were examined. Ultrasonic scanner «SonoACE-9900» was used. Results. The wave with biphasic amplitude on peak E of transmural blood stream (named «Sh»-wave) was registered when the «control volume» was placed in LV cavity, and its velocity characteristics and duration of positive and negative phases were determined. Children with average heart rate 95,4 ± 5,2 b/min. «Sh»-wave dura

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SCHLIESS, Freimut, Ralf SINNING, Richard FISCHER, Corinne SCHMALENBACH, and Dieter HÄUSSINGER. "Calcium-dependent activation of Erk-1 and Erk-2 after hypo-osmotic astrocyte swelling." Biochemical Journal 320, no. 1 (1996): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3200167.

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The influence of hypo-osmotic cell swelling on the activity of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases Erk-1 and Erk-2 (where Erk stands for extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase) was studied in cultured rat astrocytes. Hypo-osmotic treatment led within 10 min to an increased activity of Erk-1 and Erk-2, which became maximal at 20 min and returned to the basal level within 60 min. Moreover, exposure to hypo-osmotic conditions induced a biphasic increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i): a rapid peak-like increase was followed by a sustained plateau. The absence of extracel

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Horowitz, M., P. Kaspler, Y. Marmary, and Y. Oron. "Evidence for contribution of effector organ cellular responses to the biphasic dynamics of heat acclimation." Journal of Applied Physiology 80, no. 1 (1996): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1996.80.1.77.

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The involvement of cellular processes in the biphasic dynamics of heat acclimation was studied. Key steps in the cholinergic signal transduction pathway for water secretion were measured in the submaxillary gland of acclimating [2-day short-term heat acclimation (STHA) and 30-day long-term heat acclimation (LTHA) at 34 degrees C] or acute heat-stressed (2 h at 40 degrees C) rats in vitro. Both the carbamylcholine (CCh)-induced maximal fractional rate and the total 86Rb+ efflux, reflecting K+ efflux and water transport, transiently decreased in STHA (P < 0.001). In LTHA, the total K+ efflux

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Kato, Atsushi, Katsuhiro Kiyotani, Mohammad K. Hasan, et al. "Sendai Virus Gene Start Signals Are Not Equivalent in Reinitiation Capacity: Moderation at the Fusion Protein Gene." Journal of Virology 73, no. 11 (1999): 9237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.73.11.9237-9246.1999.

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ABSTRACT In paramyxovirus transcription, viral RNA polymerase synthesizes each monocistronic mRNA by recognizing the gene start (S) and end (E) signals flanking each gene. These signal sequences are well conserved in the virus family; nevertheless, they do exhibit some variations even within a virus species. In Sendai virus (SeV) Z strain, the E signals are identical for all six genes but there are four (N, P/M/HN, F, and L) different S signals with one or two nucleotide variations. The significance of these variations for in vitro and in vivo replication has been unknown. We addressed this is

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Dairaghi, Daniel J., Kenneth S. Soo, Elizabeth R. Oldham, et al. "RANTES-Induced T Cell Activation Correlates with CD3 Expression." Journal of Immunology 160, no. 1 (1998): 426–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.160.1.426.

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Abstract The chemokine RANTES induces a unique biphasic cytoplasmic Ca2+ signal in T cells. The first phase of this signal, similar to that of other chemokines, is G-protein mediated and chemotaxis associated. The second phase of this signal, unique to RANTES and evident at concentrations greater than 100 nM, is tyrosine kinase linked and results in a spectrum of responses similar to those seen with antigenic stimulation of T cells. We show here that certain Jurkat T cells responded to RANTES solely through this latter pathway. A direct correlation between the RANTES-induced second phase respo

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Morjana, Nihmat, and Rony Tal. "Expression and equilibrium denaturation of cardiac troponin I: stabilization of a folding intermediate during denaturation by urea." Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry 28, no. 1 (1998): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-8744.1998.tb00506.x.

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Human cardiac troponin I has been expressed at high level in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein by using the expression vector Ptac114. The expressed protein forms primarily intracellular inclusion bodies that are solubilized in the presence of 8 M urea. The purified troponin I is recognized by anti‐(human cardiac troponin I) monoclonal antibodies. Equilibrium denaturation of recombinant human troponin I and bovine troponin I is compared by monitoring changes in the protein's fluorescence and CD characteristics. At pH 7·5 the equilibrium denaturation of both proteins by urea occurs in two di

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Zhu, Michael X., Jianjie Ma, John Parrington, Peter J. Calcraft, Antony Galione, and A. Mark Evans. "Calcium signaling via two-pore channels: local or global, that is the question." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 298, no. 3 (2010): C430—C441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00475.2009.

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Recently, we identified, for the first time, two-pore channels (TPCs, TPCN for gene name) as a novel family of nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP)-gated, endolysosome-targeted calcium release channels. Significantly, three subtypes of TPCs have been characterized, TPC1-3, with each being targeted to discrete acidic calcium stores, namely lysosomes (TPC2) and endosomes (TPC1 and TPC3). That TPCs act as NAADP-gated calcium release channels is clear, given that NAADP binds to high- and low-affinity sites associated with TPC2 and thereby induces calcium release and homologous des

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