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1

Frolovtsev, Dmitry N., Sergey A. Magnitskiy, and Andrey V. Demin. "Quantum tomograph for measurement and characterization of quantum states of biphoton sources." Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika, no. 4 (April 2020): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32446/0368-1025it.2020-4-20-26.

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The method and prototype of a device for characterizing of biphoton light sources based on spontaneous parametric downdonversion by quantum tomography are described. The prototype is an experimental implementation of a specialized quantum tomograph designed to measure the quantum polarization states of radiation generated by biphoton sources. Specially developed software will determine the statistical characteristics of the measured quantum state, calculate the tomographic and likelihood estimations of the density matrix, calculate the measurement errors of the density matrix elements and eval
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2

Wong, Y.-E., N.-Y. Tsai, W. S. Hiew, and H. H. Jen. "Spectral compression and entanglement reduction in the cascaded biphoton state with cavities." Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 54, no. 19 (2021): 195501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6455/ac31c7.

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Abstract The cascaded biphoton state generated from a cold atomic ensemble presents one of the strongly correlated resources that can preserve and relay quantum information. Under the four-wave mixing condition, the emitted signal and idler photons from the upper and lower excited states become highly correlated in their traveling directions and entangled in continuous frequency spaces. In this system, we theoretically study the spectral compression of the biphoton source using an external cavity and show the reduction in its frequency entanglement entropy. This indicates, respectively, an imp
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3

Fedorov, M. V. "State entanglement of biphoton qutrits and ququarts." Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics 76, no. 3 (2012): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1062873812030082.

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4

Burlakov, A. V., M. V. Chekhova, O. A. Karabutova, D. N. Klyshko, and S. P. Kulik. "Polarization state of a biphoton: Quantum ternary logic." Physical Review A 60, no. 6 (1999): R4209—R4212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.60.r4209.

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5

Tian, Ying, Wu-Hao Cai, Zi-Xiang Yang, Feng Chen, Rui-Bo Jin, and Qiang Zhou. "Hong-Ou-Mandel interference of entangled photons generated under pump-tight-focusing condition." Acta Physica Sinica 71, no. 5 (2022): 054201. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.71.20211783.

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Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference is a non-classical effect of photons and plays an important role in quantum optics. The <i>β</i>-barium borate (BBO) has a high nonlinear efficiency, and is commonly used to generate biphoton states, thereby exhibiting HOM interference. However, in previous experiments, researchers often used band-pass filters, so the resulting spectrum was directly determined by the band-pass filter. As a result, the original spectrum of the BBO crystal, especially the spectrum under tight focusing, was lack of systematic research. In this paper, the biphoton spec
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6

Lin, Qing. "Bidirectional Mapping between a Biphoton Polarization State and a Single-Photon Two-Qubit State." Chinese Physics Letters 27, no. 12 (2010): 120302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/27/12/120302.

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7

Chang, T. H., G.-D. Lin, and H. H. Jen. "Spectral shaping of the biphoton state from multiplexed thermal atomic ensembles." Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 53, no. 8 (2020): 085403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6455/ab7556.

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8

Kojima, Jun, та Quang-Viet Nguyen. "Entangled biphoton virtual-state spectroscopy of the A2Σ+–X2Π system of OH". Chemical Physics Letters 396, № 4-6 (2004): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2004.08.051.

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9

Jeong, Heejeong, Shengwang Du, and Na Young Kim. "Proposed narrowband biphoton generation from an ensemble of solid-state quantum emitters." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 36, no. 3 (2019): 646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.36.000646.

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10

Chang, T. H., G.-D. Lin, and H. H. Jen. "Spectrally entangled biphoton state of cascade emissions from a Doppler-broadened atomic ensemble." Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 52, no. 13 (2019): 135501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6455/ab1303.

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11

Jeong, Heejeong, Shengwang Du, and Na Young Kim. "Proposed narrowband biphoton generation from an ensemble of solid-state quantum emitters: publisher’s note." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 36, no. 4 (2019): 846. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.36.000846.

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12

Chen, Y. T., and G. Bjork. "Generation and detection of photonic qutrit states by linear optics." Quantum Information and Computation 8, no. 5 (2008): 386–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic8.5-2.

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We address the problem of generation and detection of the four mutually unbiased biphoton polarization-qutrit bases by linear optics. First, the generation of the bases is studied. Our numeric results show that the linear optics method can be used to generate the 4 mutually unbiased basis qutrit states probabilistically with high fidelity. Second, we investigate whether or not linear polarization-optics components are sufficient to realize the simultaneous detection of the qutrit states forming a complete basis. Analytical results show that every state in two of the bases, namely only half of
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13

Han, Yashuai, Daohua Wu, Katsuyuki Kasai, Lirong Wang, Masayoshi Watanabe, and Yun Zhang. "Measurement of the wavefunction for a biphoton state with homodyne detection using least squares estimation." Journal of Optics 22, no. 2 (2020): 025202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2040-8986/ab6422.

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14

Wang Meng-Meng, Quan Run-Ai, Tai Zhao-Yang, et al. "Measurement of the spectral properties of the coincident-frequency entangled biphoton state at optical communication wavelength." Acta Physica Sinica 63, no. 19 (2014): 194206. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.63.194206.

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15

Aichele, T., A. I. Lvovsky, and S. Schiller. "Optical mode characterization of single photons prepared by means of conditional measurements on a biphoton state." European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 18, no. 2 (2002): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e20020028.

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16

Mazzanti, Andrea, Matthew Parry, Alexander N. Poddubny, Giuseppe Della Valle, Dragomir N. Neshev, and Andrey A. Sukhorukov. "Enhanced generation of angle correlated photon-pairs in nonlinear metasurfaces." New Journal of Physics 24, no. 3 (2022): 035006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac599e.

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Abstract We reveal that strongly enhanced generation of photon pairs with narrow frequency spectra and sharp angular correlations can be realised through spontaneous parametric down-conversion in metasurfaces. This is facilitated by creating meta-gratings through nano-structuring of nonlinear films of sub-wavelength thickness to support the extended bound state in the continuum resonances, associated with ultra-high Q-factors, at the biphoton wavelengths across a wide range of emission angles. Such spectral features of photons can be beneficial for various applications, including quantum imagi
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17

Jen, H. H. "Entropy of entanglement in the continuous frequency space of the biphoton state from multiplexed cold atomic ensembles." Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 49, no. 3 (2016): 035503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/49/3/035503.

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18

Liu, Jun, Isaac Nape, Qainke Wang, Adam Vallés, Jian Wang, and Andrew Forbes. "Multidimensional entanglement transport through single-mode fiber." Science Advances 6, no. 4 (2020): eaay0837. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay0837.

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The global quantum network requires the distribution of entangled states over long distances, with substantial advances already demonstrated using polarization. While Hilbert spaces with higher dimensionality, e.g., spatial modes of light, allow higher information capacity per photon, such spatial mode entanglement transport requires custom multimode fiber and is limited by decoherence-induced mode coupling. Here, we circumvent this by transporting multidimensional entangled states down conventional single-mode fiber (SMF). By entangling the spin-orbit degrees of freedom of a biphoton pair, pa
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19

Mazeres, Serge, Farzad Fereidouni, and Etienne Joly. "Using spectral decomposition of the signals from laurdan-derived probes to evaluate the physical state of membranes in live cells." F1000Research 6 (June 1, 2017): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.11577.1.

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Background: We wanted to investigate the physical state of biological membranes in live cells under the most physiological conditions possible. Methods: For this we have been using laurdan, C-laurdan or M-laurdan to label a variety of cells, and a biphoton microscope equipped with both a thermostatic chamber and a spectral analyser. We also used a flow cytometer to quantify the 450/530 nm ratio of fluorescence emissions by whole cells. Results: We find that using all the information provided by spectral analysis to perform spectral decomposition dramatically improves the imaging resolution com
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20

Mazeres, Serge, Farzad Fereidouni, and Etienne Joly. "Using spectral decomposition of the signals from laurdan-derived probes to evaluate the physical state of membranes in live cells." F1000Research 6 (August 1, 2017): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.11577.2.

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Background: We wanted to investigate the physical state of biological membranes in live cells under the most physiological conditions possible. Methods: For this we have been using laurdan, C-laurdan or M-laurdan to label a variety of cells, and a biphoton microscope equipped with both a thermostatic chamber and a spectral analyser. We also used a flow cytometer to quantify the 450/530 nm ratio of fluorescence emissions by whole cells. Results: We find that using all the information provided by spectral analysis to perform spectral decomposition dramatically improves the imaging resolution com
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21

Morimae, Tomoyuki, Vedran Dunjko, and Elham Kashefi. "Ground state blind quantum computation on AKLT state." Quantum Information and Computation 15, no. 3&4 (2015): 200–234. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic15.3-4-2.

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The blind quantum computing protocols (BQC) enable a classical client with limited quantum technology to delegate a computation to the quantum server(s) in such a way that the privacy of the computation is preserved. Here we present a new scheme for BQC that uses the concept of the measurement based quantum computing with the novel resource state of Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki (AKLT) chains leading to more robust computation. AKLT states are physically motivated resource as they are gapped ground states of a physically natural Hamiltonian in condensed matter physics. Our BQC protocol can enjoy
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22

Ipuy, Martin, Yuan-Yuan Liao, Erwann Jeanneau, Patrice L. Baldeck, Yann Bretonnière, and Chantal Andraud. "Solid state red biphotonic excited emission from small dipolar fluorophores." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 4, no. 4 (2016): 766–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc03465e.

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Dyes emitting in the solid state in the red or near-infrared range are much sought after for application in bioimaging especially if the long emission wavelength can be combined with two-photon excitation to provide unique contrast and penetration depth.
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23

Wang, Qin, Yong-Sheng Zhang, Yun-Feng Huang, and Guang-Can Guo. "Experimental demonstration of a simple method to engineer a single qutrit state with biphotons." Physics Letters A 344, no. 1 (2005): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2005.06.040.

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24

Durbin, Stephen M. "Proposal for entangled x-ray beams." Journal of Applied Physics 131, no. 22 (2022): 224401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0091947.

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A promising approach for direct detection of quantum entanglement in solid state materials is probing with entangled particles. X-rays are ideal for characterization of many materials but have not been generated as entangled pairs in useful numbers, even at the most powerful synchrotron sources. This proposal describes how x-rays in fully entangled N00N states (with N = 2) can be produced by applying Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometry at an x-ray synchrotron source. The technical requirements for indistinguishable photons, x-ray beamsplitters, and interferometer design are met with existing resourc
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25

Gatti, Alessandra, Lucia Caspani, Tommaso Corti, Enrico Brambilla, and Ottavia Jedrkiewicz. "Spatio–temporal entanglement of twin photons: An intuitive picture." International Journal of Quantum Information 12, no. 02 (2014): 1461016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749914610164.

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We draw an intuitive picture of the spatio–temporal properties of the entangled state of twin photons, where they are described as classical wave-packets. This picture predicts a precise relation between their temporal and transverse spatial separations at the crystal output. The space-time coupling described by classical arguments turns out to determine in a precise way the spatio–temporal structure of the quantum entanglement, analyzed by means of the biphotonic correlation and of the Schmidt dimensionality of the entanglement.
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26

Bellier, Quentin, Nikolay S. Makarov, Pierre-Antoine Bouit, et al. "Excited state absorption: a key phenomenon for the improvement of biphotonic based optical limiting at telecommunication wavelengths." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 14, no. 44 (2012): 15299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2cp40779e.

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27

Mazumder, Shivnath, Ryan A. Thomas, Richard L. Lord, H. Bernhard Schlegel, and John F. Endicott. "A density functional theory and spectroscopic study of intramolecular quenching of metal-to-ligand charge-transfer excited states in some mono-bipyridine ruthenium(II) complexes." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 92, no. 10 (2014): 996–1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2014-0155.

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The complexes [Ru(NCCH3)4bpy]2+ and [Ru([14]aneS4)bpy]2+ ([14]aneS4 = 1,4,8,11-tetrathiacyclotetradecane, bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) have similar absorption and emission spectra but the 77 K metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) excited state emission lifetime of the latter is less than 0.3% that of the former. Density functional theory modeling of the lowest energy triplet excited states indicates that triplet metal centered (3MC) excited states are about 3500 cm−1 lower in energy than their 3MLCT excited states in both complexes. The differences in excited state lifetimes arise from a much larg
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28

Ye, Tingting, Peng Cheng, Hong Zeng, et al. "Pressure-induced core defects and photoluminescent quenching in carbon quantum dots." Applied Physics Letters 122, no. 5 (2023): 051601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0132006.

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Carbon quantum dots (CDs) with favorable luminescent features for biphotonic applications have attracted much interest in modulating their photoluminescence (PL) efficiency. A surface state with various defects is believed to play a key role in the emissive intensity. Here, pressure-induced quenching of PL is observed in red emissive CDs (R-CDs) and is ascribed to defects in carbon cores upon compression. In the power-law fitting to the excitation power-dependent PL of R-CDs at high pressure, the coefficient k parameter related to the emissive mechanism decreases from 1 under ambient pressure
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29

Abid, Seifallah, Sarra Ben Hassine, Nicolas Richy, et al. "Phthalocyanine-Cored Fluorophores with Fluorene-Containing Peripheral Two-Photon Antennae as Photosensitizers for Singlet Oxygen Generation." Molecules 25, no. 2 (2020): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020239.

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A series of free base and Zn(II) phthalocyanines featuring fluorenyl antennae linked by methoxy or oxo bridges to the phthalocyanine core (Pc) were synthesized and characterized. Selected linear and nonlinear (two-photon absorption) optical properties of these new compounds were subsequently studied. As previously observed for related porphyrin dendrimers bearing 2-fluorenyl peripheral dendrons, an efficient energy transfer occurs from the peripheral antennae to the central phthalocyanine core following excitation in the fluorenyl-based π–π* absorption band of these chromophores. Once excited,
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30

Park, Jiho, Taek Jeong, and Han Seb Moon. "Spectral–temporal biphoton waveform of photon pairs from cascade-type warm atoms." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73610-2.

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Abstract We investigate the spectral–temporal biphoton waveforms of the photon pairs emitted from cascade-type two-photon-coherent warm 87Rb atoms via the spontaneous four-wave mixing process in the 5S1/2–5P3/2–5D5/2 transition, under the condition of the different detuning frequencies (symmetric detuning conditions of ± 1 GHz) of the pump and coupling lasers relative to the 5P3/2 state. In both detuning cases corresponding to ± 1 GHz, the biphoton temporal waveforms and biphoton spectral waveforms of the photon pairs are measured by means of time-resolved coincidence photon counting and stimu
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31

Khodadad Kashi, Anahita, Lynn Sader, Raktim Haldar, Benjamin Wetzel, and Michael Kues. "Frequency-to-Time Mapping Technique for Direct Spectral Characterization of Biphoton States From Pulsed Spontaneous Parametric Processes." Frontiers in Photonics 3 (March 2, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphot.2022.834065.

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The well-established frequency-to-time mapping technique is employed as a convenient and time-efficient method to directly characterize the spectral correlations of biphoton states from a pulsed-excited spontaneous parametric down-conversion process. We were enabled by this technique to implement for the first time, the spectral Hanbury-Brown and Twiss measurement, revealing directly the single frequency-mode bandwidth of the biphoton state.
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32

Debnath, Arunangshu, and Angel Rubio. "Entangled Biphoton Enhanced Double Quantum Coherence Signal as a Probe for Cavity Polariton Correlations in Presence of Phonon Induced Dephasing." Frontiers in Physics 10 (July 4, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2022.879113.

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We theoretically propose a biphoton entanglement-enhanced multidimensional spectroscopic technique as a probe for the dissipative polariton dynamics in the ultrafast regime. It is applied to the cavity-confined monomeric photosynthetic complex that represents a prototypical multi-site excitonic quantum aggregate. The proposed technique is shown to be particularly sensitive to inter-manifold polariton coherence between the two and one-excitation subspaces. It is demonstrated to be able to monitor the dynamical role of cavity-mediated excitonic correlations, and dephasing in the presence of phon
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33

Halevy, A., E. Megidish, T. Shacham, L. Dovrat, and H. S. Eisenberg. "Projection of Two Biphoton Qutrits onto a Maximally Entangled State." Physical Review Letters 106, no. 13 (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.106.130502.

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34

Yamazaki, Tomohiro, Rikizo Ikuta, Toshiki Kobayashi, et al. "Massive-mode polarization entangled biphoton frequency comb." Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-12691-7.

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AbstractA frequency-multiplexed entangled photon pair and a high-dimensional hyperentangled photon pair are useful to realize a high-capacity quantum communication. A biphoton frequency comb (BFC) with entanglement can be used to prepare both states. We demonstrate polarization entangled BFCs with over 1400 frequency modes, which is approximately two orders of magnitude larger than those of earlier entangled BFCs, by placing a singly resonant periodically poled LiNbO3 waveguide resonator within a Sagnac loop. The BFCs are demonstrated by measuring the joint spectral intensity, cross-correlatio
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35

Lu, Hsuan-Hao, Karthik V. Myilswamy, Ryan S. Bennink, et al. "Bayesian tomography of high-dimensional on-chip biphoton frequency combs with randomized measurements." Nature Communications 13, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31639-z.

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AbstractOwing in large part to the advent of integrated biphoton frequency combs, recent years have witnessed increased attention to quantum information processing in the frequency domain for its inherent high dimensionality and entanglement compatible with fiber-optic networks. Quantum state tomography of such states, however, has required complex and precise engineering of active frequency mixing operations, which are difficult to scale. To address these limitations, we propose a solution that employs a pulse shaper and electro-optic phase modulator to perform random operations instead of mi
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36

Riazi, Arash, Changjia Chen, Eric Y. Zhu, et al. "Biphoton shaping with cascaded entangled-photon sources." npj Quantum Information 5, no. 1 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41534-019-0188-1.

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Abstract Quantum entanglement is an integral part of quantum optics and has been exploited in areas such as computation, cryptography and metrology. The entanglement between photons can be present in various degrees of freedom (DOFs), and even the simplest bi-partite systems can occupy a large Hilbert space. Therefore, it is desirable to exploit this multi-dimensional space for various quantum applications by fully controlling the properties of the entangled photons in multiple DOFs. While current entangled-photon sources are capable of generating entanglement in one or more DOFs, there is cur
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37

Fabre, N., G. Maltese, F. Appas, et al. "Generation of a time-frequency grid state with integrated biphoton frequency combs." Physical Review A 102, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.012607.

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38

Baghdasaryan, Baghdasar, Fabian Steinlechner, and Stephan Fritzsche. "Characterization of opening angle correlations of a biphoton state decomposed in Bessel modes." Physical Review A 101, no. 4 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.101.043844.

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39

Kumano, H., H. Nakajima, T. Kuroda, T. Mano, K. Sakoda, and I. Suemune. "Nonlocal biphoton generation in a Werner state from a single semiconductor quantum dot." Physical Review B 91, no. 20 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.91.205437.

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40

Baghdasaryan, Baghdasar, Carlos Sevilla-Gutiérrez, Fabian Steinlechner, and Stephan Fritzsche. "Generalized description of the spatio-temporal biphoton state in spontaneous parametric down-conversion." Physical Review A 106, no. 6 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.106.063711.

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Baghdasaryan, Baghdasar, Fabian Steinlechner, and Stephan Fritzsche. "Maximizing the validity of the Gaussian approximation for the biphoton state from parametric down-conversion." Physical Review A 106, no. 6 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.106.063714.

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42

Roux, Filippus S. "Infinitesimal-propagation equation for decoherence of an orbital-angular-momentum-entangled biphoton state in atmospheric turbulence." Physical Review A 83, no. 5 (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.83.053822.

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43

Chang, Kai-Chi, Xiang Cheng, Murat Can Sarihan, et al. "648 Hilbert-space dimensionality in a biphoton frequency comb: entanglement of formation and Schmidt mode decomposition." npj Quantum Information 7, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41534-021-00388-0.

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AbstractQudit entanglement is an indispensable resource for quantum information processing since increasing dimensionality provides a pathway to higher capacity and increased noise resilience in quantum communications, and cluster-state quantum computations. In continuous-variable time–frequency entanglement, encoding multiple qubits per photon is only limited by the frequency correlation bandwidth and detection timing jitter. Here, we focus on the discrete-variable time–frequency entanglement in a biphoton frequency comb (BFC), generating by filtering the signal and idler outputs with a fiber
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44

Hu, Zhengda, Yun Zhu, and Jicheng Wang. "Quantum coherence of thermal biphoton orbital angular momentum state and its distribution in non-Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence." Optics Express, May 16, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.456604.

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45

Zhang, Dasen, and Zhiming Zhang. "The X-like shaped spatiotemporal structure of the biphoton entangled state in a cold two-level atomic ensemble." Scientific Reports 7, no. 1 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep42373.

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46

Phehlukwayo, Samukelisiwe Purity, Marie Louise Umuhire, Yaseera Ismail, Stuti Joshi, and Francesco Petruccione. "Influence of coincidence detection of a biphoton state through free-space atmospheric turbulence using a partially spatially coherent pump." Physical Review A 102, no. 3 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.102.033732.

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47

Roux, Filippus S. "Erratum: Infinitesimal-propagation equation for decoherence of an orbital-angular-momentum-entangled biphoton state in atmospheric turbulence [Phys. Rev. A83, 053822 (2011)]." Physical Review A 88, no. 4 (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.88.049906.

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48

Yang, Yu, Federico Belliardo, Vittorio Giovannetti, and Fuli Li. "Untwining multiple parameters at the exclusive zero-coincidence points with quantum control." New Journal of Physics, December 22, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/acae00.

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Abstract In this paper we address a special case of “sloppy” quantum estimation procedures which happens in the presence of intertwined parameters. A collection of parameters are said to be intertwined when their imprinting on the quantum probe that mediates the estimation procedure, is performed by a set of linearly dependent generators. Under this circumstance the individual values of the parameters can not be recovered unless one tampers with the encoding process itself. An example is presented by studying the estimation of the relative time-delays that accumulate along two parallel optical
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49

Bogdanov, Yu I., M. V. Chekhova, S. P. Kulik, et al. "Qutrit State Engineering with Biphotons." Physical Review Letters 93, no. 23 (2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.93.230503.

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Du, Shengwang. "Quantum-state purity of heralded single photons produced from frequency-anticorrelated biphotons." Physical Review A 92, no. 4 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.92.043836.

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