Academic literature on the topic 'Bird attracting'
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Journal articles on the topic "Bird attracting"
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A, Santhwana, Venkitachalam R, and Sridhu Prakash. "Checklist of bird species in dharmadam estuary in kannur district of kerala." Kongunadu Research Journal 8, no. 1 (June 4, 2021): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/krj.2021.2.
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A total of 20 bird species belongs to 7 orders and 11 families were recorded in Dharmadam estuary in Kannur district. The record of migratory bird Eurasian Curlew and two species near threatened birds within a short period of study and this record indicate that Dharmadam estuary may be attracting more number of migratory bird species. A long-term study is needed to understand the seasonal variation of the bird species in Dharmadam estuary in Kannur district.
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Green, M. Clay, and Paul L. Leberg. "Flock formation and the role of plumage colouration in Ardeidae." Canadian Journal of Zoology 83, no. 5 (May 1, 2005): 683–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z05-058.
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It has been hypothesized that white plumage facilitates flock formation in Ardeidae. We conducted four experiments using decoys to test factors involved in attracting wading birds to a specific pond. The first three experiments tested the effects of plumage colouration, flock size, and species-specific decoys on flock formation. The fourth experiment examined intraspecific differences in flock choice between the two colour morphs of the reddish egret, Egretta rufescens (Gmelin, 1789). Wading birds landed at flocks of decoys more often than single or no decoys (P < 0.001) but exhibited no overall attraction to white plumage (P > 0.05). White-plumaged species were attracted to white decoys (P < 0.001) and dark-plumaged species were attracted to dark decoys (P < 0.001). Snowy egrets (E. thula (Molina, 1782)), great egrets (Ardea alba L., 1758), and little blue herons (E. caerulea (L., 1758)) landed more often at ponds that contained decoys resembling conspecifics. At the intraspecific level, all observed reddish egrets selected flocks with like-plumaged decoys. Our results suggest that plumage colouration is an attractant for species with similar plumage, but white plumage is not an attractant for all wading bird species. White plumage may facilitate flock formation in certain species but does not serve as a universal attractant for wading birds of varying plumage colouration and size.
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Vana, Emily R., Elizabeth R. Wrobel, and Travis E. Wilcoxen. "Variation in Seroprevalence of Antibodies against Mycoplasma Gallisepticum and Avipoxvirus in Nine Species of Birds with Differential Access to Feeders." Avian Biology Research 11, no. 1 (February 2018): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/175815617x15102264820747.
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Congregation of individuals at high densities is known to increase disease transmission and bird-feeding activities are specifically aimed at attracting many birds to a single location. We surveyed nine potential host species for evidence of infection by each Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and Avipoxvirus, or avian pox. We also examined differences in pathogen exposure at sites with bird feeders and sites without bird feeders. Finally, we compared prevalence of birds with antibodies against MG and avian pox to those that showed physical signs of infection. To test for pathogen exposure, we used indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. We found species-specific disease dynamics, as House Finches Haemorhous mexicanus had a significantly greater likelihood of having antibodies against MG than any other species. Birds at sites with feeders were more likely to have antibodies against MG. Birds at sites with feeders were no more likely to have antibodies against avian pox, but seroprevalence of avian pox did differ significantly among species. Overall, our findings suggest differential exposure and immune responses to each pathogen among species and that feeders increase the exposure of individuals to MG but not to avian pox, offering valuable new insights into the role of bird feeding activities in disease transmission among birds.
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Falcão Rodrigues, Lourenço, Cristina Mata Estacio, Jesús Herranz Barrera, Ana Eugenia Santamaría Figueroa, and Juan Esteban Malo Arrázola. "High-speed railway infrastructure leads to species-specific changes and biotic homogenisation in surrounding bird community." PLOS ONE 19, no. 4 (April 10, 2024): e0301899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301899.
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Linear infrastructure networks, including railways, are undergoing rapid development in order to connect distant urban areas. Particularly, High-Speed Railways are increasingly seen as a viable alternative to domestic flights in many countries. However, this development of linear infrastructures is known to affect the surrounding faunal communities due to the changes in the landscape and operation of said linear infrastructures. Both positive and negative effects of linear infrastructures on adjacent faunal communities have been reported. In this study, we determined the influence of the High-Speed Railway infrastructure on the bird community that surrounds it. Birds were surveyed by using both linear transect and direct counting methods, both in the area directly adjacent to the railway infrastructure and 500m away from it in a period of two years of surveys. A total of 16114 individuals belonging to 71 species were recorded. The presence of the High-Speed Railway caused species-specific changes in the bird communities that surround it, causing the attraction of some species and the rejection of others. Furthermore, we show that the presence of the infrastructure altered the natural species turnover as the landscape changes by attracting the same bird species regardless of changes in the landscape, and filtering out others. We propose that further work in mitigation and development plans should focus on species-specific measures to assess the risk bird communities are exposed to.
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RABOU, ABDEL FATTAH N. ABD. "Bird fauna encountered at the main campus of the Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza City, Palestine." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 20, no. 2 (February 17, 2019): 604–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200242.
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Abstract. Abd Rabou AN. 2019. Bird fauna encountered at the main campus of the Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza City, Palestine. Biodiversitas 20: 604-614. Birds are the most prominent and widespread wildlife species of both natural and urban environments worldwide. The strategic geographic position of Palestine at the meeting point of the three continents; Asia, Africa and Europe, is very crucial for the country's bird diversity. The Gaza Strip has never been studied for bird fauna in its urban environments. Thus, the current study comes to survey the bird fauna at the main campus (82,000 m2) of the Islamic University of Gaza (MC-IUG) as an urban environment. Birds were monitored using direct observations and binoculars for the lasted five years. Bird guidebooks and professional cameras were used throughout the succeeding stages of the study. A total number of 56 bird species, belonging to 26 families and 11 orders were encountered throughout the study at MC-IUG. Passeriformes was the largest order and comprised 35 (62.5%) of the recorded bird species, while the non-passerines constitute the remaining 21 species (37.5%). Muscicapidae was the largest among the recorded families, which was represented by 9 species (16.1%), followed by 8 species of Fringillidae (14.3%) and 5 species of Laniidae (8.9%). Finally, the greening strategy of the Gaza Strip should be adopted by Gazans and the local authorities due to the crucial role of vegetation cover in attracting more biodiversity components; especially bird fauna.
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Dhindsa, Manjit S., Jaswinder S. Sandhu, P. S. Sandhu, and H. S. Toor. "Roadside Birds in Punjab (India): Relation to Mortality from Vehicles." Environmental Conservation 15, no. 4 (1988): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900029799.
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Roadside bird mortality is a new environmental dimension in developing countries. With the recent increase in the number of high-speed cars and the simultaneous improvement of roads in India, bird-car strikes and the resultant bird mortality are becoming important. To know how many species frequent roads in Punjab and thus may be prone to be killed by fast vehicles, we censused birds along 420 km of roads of different widths and traffic volumes from a vehicle moving at 50–60 km per hour. We also counted birds along transects c. 1 km away from roads, for comparison.In all, 35 species of birds were recorded on the road proper or within 3 m of either edge. Common Myna (Acridotheres trisitis) was the most abundant species (34.8% of all birds), followed by House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) (29.5%), Ring Dove (Streptopelia decaocto) (13.1%), and House Crow (Corvus splendens) (9.7%). These four species together accounted for c. 87% of the total of all bird species. The off-road community consisted of 68 species. The species-richness of granivorous, insectivorous, omnivorous, and some other birds, was less on or near roads than in the off-road transects, but within each community, species having different feeding habits were in similar proportions. About 93% of the total birds on or near roads (as against 66% off-road) were either granivorous or omnivorous.Our results suggested that granivorous birds are attracted, but insectivorous and other birds are repelled, by roads. Omnivores were equally abundant on and off roads. Food (such as spilled grain) seemed to be the main factor attracting birds to roads. Species diversity and equitability of the bird community on roads (1.82 and 0.51, respectively) were less than those off-roads (3.11 and 0.74, respectively). Wider roads had lower species-diversity and equitability, probably because of the greater volume of traffic on them compared with narrower roads. Species richness and bird abundance seemed not to be affected by roadwidth. Bird mortality on roads is discussed, along with the possibility of roads acting as “ecological traps” for foraging birds.
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Harrap, Frank. "Mt. Helen – Bird-attracting plant/trees: a 26-year study." Ballarat Naturalist (2002:Oct) (October 2002): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.384668.
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Joshi, Omkar, Nisha Singh, and P. Sathiyaselvam. "Waterbird diversity of Saman Wetland Complex in Uttar Pradesh: a crucial site for the India’s National Action Plan on migratory birds." Journal of Threatened Taxa 16, no. 6 (June 26, 2024): 25373–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.8750.16.6.25373-25384.
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The Saman Wetland Complex is formed by five major wetlands present in Etawah and Mainpuri districts of Uttar Pradesh. The habitat is majorly a wetland system with scrub vegetation along the edges and surrounded by agricultural fields; attracting a diverse group of bird species. These wetlands are an ideal habitat for Sarus Crane and are also Important Bird Areas. In the past two decades, the anthropogenic activities have deteriorated the habitat and wetlands no longer support the earlier congregation of birds. The study conducted during 2020–2021 provides baseline information on the present status of the Saman wetland complex, waterbird diversity, threats faced by the wetlands & waterbirds, and suggests future management/ conservation strategies.
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Derégnaucourt, Sébastien, Alice Araguas, and Bahia Guellaï. "Technological advances for getting insight into the learning capacities of birds in the vocal domain." Interaction Studies 24, no. 2 (November 3, 2023): 289–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.22043.der.
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Abstract Birds produce different types of sounds in different contexts such as begging for food in youngsters, alerting to a danger, defending a territory or attracting a sexual partner. About half of the bird species are able to transform their vocalizations through imitation, improvisation or invention of sounds. Here we review the different experimental procedures that have been used to study the learning capacities of birds in the vocal domain and in the auditory domain, with a particular emphasis on recent technological developments. Nowadays, it is possible to record individual vocalizations of birds living in social groups or to record continuously the vocal ontogeny of birdsong. In conditioning experiments, new paradigms have successfully replaced food rewards with a socio-sexual reward. It is possible to engage in vocal interactions with a bird using dedicated computer systems. In both the laboratory and more recently in the field, different techniques have been used to train young oscine songbirds to learn from acoustic models. The use of virtual social environments and robots as social agents are also promising avenues. All together, these new techniques will permit researchers to explore more deeply the umwelt of bird species.
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Wielgat, Robert, Daniel Król, Tomasz Potempa, Paweł Kozioł, and Agnieszka Lisowska-Lis. "Towards the Automatic Acoustical Avian Monitoring System." Science, Technology and Innovation 4, no. 3 (October 11, 2017): 17–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.7995.
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One of the crucial aspects of the environmental protection is continuous monitoring of environment. Specific aspect is estimation of the bird species population. It is particularly important for bird species being in danger of extinction. Avian monitoring programs are time and money consuming actions which usually base on terrain expeditions. Certain remedy for this can be automatic acoustical avian monitoring system, described in the paper. Main components of the designed system are: digital audio recorder for bird voices acquisition, computer program automatically recognizing bird species by its signals emitted (voices or others) and object-relational database accessed via the Internet. Optional system components can be: digital camera and camcorder, bird attracting device, wireless data transmission module, power supply with solar panel, portable weather station. The system records bird voices and sends the recordings to the database. Recorded bird voices can be also provoked by the attracting device. Application of wireless data transmission module and power supply with solar panel allows long term operation of digital sound recorder in a hard accessible terrain. Recorded bird voices are analysed by the computer program and labelled with the automatically recognized bird species. Recognition accuracy of the program can be optionally enhanced by an expert system. Besides of labelled sound recordings, database can store also many other information like: photos and films accompanying recorded bird voices/ sounds, information about localization of observation/ recordings (GPS position, description of a place of an observation), information about bird features and behaviour, meteorological information, etc. Database on the base of geographical/ geological digital maps can generate actual maps of bird population (presence, number of individuals of each species). Moreover data-base can trigger alerts in case of rapidly decreasing bird population. It is also possible to obtain new knowledge about bird species with data mining methods. The paper presents collected data on observed bird species (audio recordings, photos and films) as well as results of experiments testing particular components of the automatic acoustical avian monitoring system.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bird attracting"
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Forsman, J. (Jukka). "Heterospecific attraction in breeding bird communities:implications to habitat selection and species interactions in a landscape perspective." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2000. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514256263.
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Abstract
I studied the structure of European breeding forest bird communities on several spatial scales focusing on heterospecific attraction among birds (i.e., the attraction of individuals to the company of interspecifics). Namely, I examined how heterospecific attraction affects habitat selection in migrant birds and the potential role of predation risk in enhancing heterospecific attraction during breeding with particular emphasis regarding the interaction between resident and migrant birds.
Geographically, low densities and low relative proportions of resident titmice (Parus and Aegithalos spp.) were associated with harsh winter conditions. The densities of northern European titmice populations are suggested to be lower than expected on the basis of summer productivity potentially causing geographical variation with respect to the interactions between resident and migrant birds. As expected, the associations between titmice and migrants appear stronger and more positive in northern Europe than elsewhere.
Heterospecific attraction in habitat selection among migrant species was studied both experimentally and theoretically. An increased density of titmice resulted in a higher number and abundance of migrant species than the removal treatment, suggesting that resident birds are used as cues for locating profitable breeding sites. From a theoretical perspective and under most conditions, the use of heterospecific cues proved to be a better habitat selection strategy than selection of sites based on direct assessment of the relative quality of habitat patches. Only when interactions (both positive and negative) between migrants and residents were weak and sampling costs of both strategies were about equivalent, did individuals using direct sampling gain in fitness.
Heterospecific attraction during breeding in relation to predation risk was assessed by examining the spatial distribution of birds. Both experimentally increased perceived predation risk and naturally occurring predation risk created by the presence of sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) i.e., relative to the vicinity of nesting hawk, resulted in more clumped distribution of birds than areas of lower risk. Around sparrowhawks nest, however, clumping was apparent for only one forest type and only among study plots including both large (≥ 20 g, preferred prey) and small birds (< 20 g).
To conclude, heterospecific attraction of migrants to resident birds contributes to the structure of local avian communities in forest landscapes. Heterospecific attraction among birds is strengthened by increased predation risk causing variation in species interactions when considered in a landscape perspective.
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Elliott, Jennifer Theresa. "Territorial defense and mate attraction in isolated and social white-breasted nuthatches (Sitta carolinensis): tests of stochastic dynamic programming models." The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1110207825.
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Dutour, Mylène. "Communiquer entre espèces pour faire face au prédateur : le cas des cris de harcèlement chez les passereaux." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1251/document.
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Si le signalement du prédateur provoque le plus souvent la fuite des proies, il induit parfois un comportement particulier incitant la proie à s’approcher du prédateur et le harceler pour provoquer son départ plutôt que de se mettre hors de sa portée. Ce comportement de harcèlement s’accompagne de l’émission d’un signal hétérospécifique conduisant de nombreuses espèces à venir harceler le prédateur. L’objectif de mon travail de thèse est de comprendre comment est régi le transfert d’informations entre plusieurs espèces de passereaux dans le cas du comportement de harcèlement d’un prédateur. Mes travaux montrent que le comportement de harcèlement des passereaux face à un rapace nocturne dépend du risque de prédation posé par ce prédateur. Par ailleurs, les résultats indiquent un transfert d’informations entre les espèces et mettent en évidence une propension variable des différentes espèces à se rallier autour du harceleur. Les variations observées dans la réponse aux cris de harcèlement émis par des individus hétérospécifiques peuvent dépendre de la similarité acoustique, des relations interspécifiques et des variations saisonnières. Mes résultats indiquent aussi que la connaissance préalable des signaux de harcèlement n'est pas indispensable pour induire une réponse, même si un processus d’apprentissage associatif favorise sa mise en place. Mon travail suggère également une évolution convergente des cris de harcèlement, générant des signaux dont la structure permet une localisation rapide de l’émetteur, indispensable pour rameuter des proies potentielles lors du harcèlement. L’ensemble de ces avancées nous oblige désormais à considérer la communication acoustique chez les passereaux en prenant en compte le risque de prédation, les interactions hétérospécifiques et la complexité des signaux acoustiquesSignaling the presence of a predator most often causes the escape of prey, but it sometimes induces a particular behaviour prompting prey to approach and harass the predator to cause his departure. This mobbing behaviour is associated with the emission of signals leading individuals from different species to come harass the predator. The objective of this thesis is to understand how the transfer of information between several passerine species is organized in mobbing behaviour against predators. My work shows that the mobbing behaviour of passerine birds against a nocturnal raptor depends on the predation risk imposed by this predator. In addition, my results indicate a transfer of information between species and highlight a variable propensity of different species to rally around the harasser. The observed variations in the response to heterospecific calls depended on acoustic similarity, interspecific relationships and seasonality. My results also indicate that prior knowledge of harassment signals is not essential to induce a response, even if an associative learning process promotes its implementation. My work also suggests a convergent evolution in mobbing calls, generating signals with a structure that allows the emitter to be quickly located, an essential parameter to rally potential prey during harassment. My thesis consequently shows that to better understand acoustic communication in passerine birds, it is necessary to consider predation risk, heterospecific interactions and the complexity of acoustic signals
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Foster, Julie-Ann B. "Do Japanese birds of a feather flock together? : cultural variation in the similarity-attraction effect." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/15501.
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One of the most well-researched phenomena for explaining interpersonal attraction is the
similarity-attraction effect. However, virtually all the research in this area has been done
in North America. This led us to hypothesize that there may be cultural differences in the
presence or magnitude of the similarity-attraction effect. Our first experiment was
designed to replicate the classic similarity-attraction paradigm of the bogus stranger and
introduce culture as a variable of interest. We hypothesized that Japanese participants
would not base their likeability of a stranger on the perceived similarity of personality
traits of that person to the self. Confirming our hypothesis, Euro-Canadian participants
demonstrated a strong attraction to strangers they perceive as like themselves on
personality traits while Japanese participants did not demonstrate this preference.
Evidence for self-esteem or self-consistency explaining this difference did not
materialize. In our second study, liking was manipulated and perceived similarity was
measured in personality and additional domains. We hypothesized that Euro-Canadians
would report that the more they like someone, the more similar they would rate
themselves to that person and that Japanese participants would report a more constant
similarity rating regardless of how much they like someone. We predicted this same
pattern across personality, attitude, activity and demographic domains. Across the
domains of personality, activities, and attitudes, Japanese showed a significant similarityattraction
effect, although it was consistently weaker than it was for Euro-Canadians.
This program of study highlights the cultural variability of the similarity-attraction effect.
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HSU, YA-PING, and 徐雅萍. "Using Simulated Annealing Algorithm for Recreational Attractions of the Road Networks─a case study of Bird-Watching Routes in Taoyuan’s Ponds." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23696886209703957607.
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碩士中華大學
營建管理研究所
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Ponds are unique and valuable figures in Taoyuan’s anthropogenic geographic landscape. Excavated for the demanding of life by man-made historically, a large number of ponds scattered and created here. Therefore, these ponds are created as local habitats for a variety of waterfowl. Since they own diverse ecological landscape, then they become functional bird-watching open spots. Bird-watching is one kind of eco-tourism activities, yet bird-watching areas are well-known in Taoyuan’s ponds and attractions. Conflicted with eco-tourism, bird-watching activities were led less energy saving to cause more transportation routes. Therefore, some bird-watching activities may be inconsistent with eco-tourism which advocates carbon reduction and environmental protection purposes. Therefore, this study based on GIS analysis of road network, such as: Nearest Neighbor Method, Farthest Insertion Method, Sweep Algorithm, Simulated Annealing (SA), Genetic Algorithm (GA) for this research, which aimed at road network analysis and optimal path planning related technologies for bird-watching attractions and surrounding routes Based on the calculated high values of Shannon-Wiener diversity index for bird species, bird-watching attractions were selected as well as their surrounding ponds in Taoyuan’s routes from the properties of data analysis. This simulation estimates and explores the best route planning for bird-watching routes. The study showed that: (1) five route planning analysis of assessment on different measuring points of bird-watching attractions results turned different recreational moving lines as well as different optimal route planning in overall assessment; (2) the analyzed results of simulated annealing algorithm were better than other methods in the modules of shortest and fastest paths while I calculated to obtain the best tourist attractions and route planning from priority-route decisions and relations; (3) a clear statement of advanced results led to help visitors to catch bird-watching attraction for a useful route planning tool in all relations of their routes module according to mapping route plans from road network analysis. According to evaluation results for the best route planning, this approach provided advanced planning experiences will helps us to engage in recreational activities, bird watching from the concepts of eco-tourism.
Books on the topic "Bird attracting"
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Alsop, Fred. All about South Carolina birds. Birmingham, Ala: Sweetwater Press, 1997.
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Alsop, Fred. All about North Carolina birds. Birmingham, Ala: Sweetwater Press, 1997.
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Frischmann, Carol. Attracting and feeding backyard birds. Neptune City, NJ: T.F.H. Publications, 2007.
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Hughes, Heidi. Backyard bird feeding. [Washington, D.C.?]: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1989.
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U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, ed. Backyard bird problems. [Washington, DC: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1993.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Bird attracting"
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Dinetti, Marco. "Attracting Interest in Urban Biodiversity with Bird Studies in Italy." In Urban Biodiversity and Design, 454–62. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444318654.ch24.
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Peary, Alexandria. "Taking Self-Help Books Seriously: The Informal Aesthetic Education of Writers." In New Directions in Book History, 217–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53614-5_9.
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AbstractAesthetic education with a writing focus has occurred in the United States through two vehicles: textbooks in classroom-based instruction or self-help books in extracurricular instruction. Writing self-help books, or texts which address a readership interested in learning about writing independent of a teacher or university, played a significant role in guiding countless individuals during the twentieth century and continue to do so today (For the purposes of this article, “self-help” refers exclusively to self-help literature offering advice about the act of writing and not to any of the myriad of other self-help topics [dieting, relationships, and so forth]). The evolution of these self-help books paralleled the development of college and university writing courses that arose early in the twentieth century: indeed, a powerful informal aesthetic education has been occurring through self-help books. In this chapter, I perform a textual analysis of five twentieth-century self-help books, all attracting substantial readership: Dorothea Brande’s Becoming a Writer (1934); Brenda Ueland’s If You Want to Write (1938); Peter Elbow’s Writing Without Teachers (1973); Natalie Goldberg’s Writing Down the Bones (1986); and Anne Lamott’s Bird by Bird (1995). An examination of these popular twentieth-century self-help books reveals four areas of overlapping content. Collectively, self-help books on writing address the role of the unconscious in composing, issues of control, the holistic nature of composing, and failures in traditional teaching, and they all formulate a broader argument about the universal ability of humans to be creative.
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Lawal, Ismaheel O., Alfred Morgenstern, Otto Knoesen, Mariza Vorster, Frank Bruchertseifer, and Mike M. Sathekge. "Therapy of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Where Is the Place of 225Ac-PSMA?" In Beyond Becquerel and Biology to Precision Radiomolecular Oncology: Festschrift in Honor of Richard P. Baum, 255–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33533-4_26.
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AbstractSince the first report in 2004 confirming the survival advantage conferred by docetaxel in the treatment of men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), many more agents have also been found to prolong life and are now in routine use in clinical practice. Despite the multitude of these effective agents, mCRPC remains a fatal disease with a poor prognosis. Efforts to develop more effective therapies are, therefore, ongoing. Targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) overexpressed on prostate cancer cells has become an attractive option for mCRPC treatment. Ligands that bind to PSMA expressed on prostate cancer cells have been labeled to radionuclides for imaging and therapy in a theranostic approach to prostate cancer management. Actinium-225 (225Ac) is an alpha-emitting radionuclide that has been successfully labeled to PSMA ligands as 225Ac-PSMA for targeted alpha therapy (TAT) of mCRPC. The short path length of the highly energetic alpha particles causes deposition of massive energy in the tumor, leading to irreparable double-strand DNA damage, and consequently, tumor cell death while sparing surrounding normal tissues. When applied as a last-line therapy agent, 225Ac-PSMA therapy effectiveness is comparable or better than agents applied earlier in the treatment sequence of mCRPC. 225Ac-PSMA produces the most remarkable response in the chemotherapy-naïve setting, causing a high and sustained response in men with mCRPC. Xerostomia, a result of 225Ac-PSMA irradiation of the salivary gland parenchyma resulting from its intense accumulation in the glands, is the most worrisome complication of therapy. Different interventions, including dynamic dose de-escalation, combination therapy, and reduced administered activity, are being explored to ameliorate this adverse effect of treatment.
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Giddins, Gary. "Personality (Houston Person)." In Weather Bird, 461–64. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195304497.003.0117.
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Abstract One might argue, though not too strenuously, that three central tribes of tenor saxophonists emerged just after the war: those who played Lester Young hard, those who played him soft, and those who played Illinois Jacquet. All merged their primary influences with bebop’s phrasing and shivered their timbres with leanings toward any number of other tenor saxophonists. Some even played Young hard and soft, or Young and Jacquet, who was himself obviously influenced by Young. Still, a distinction can be made, and part of it has to do with the fact that Young’s disciples (and those of Coleman Hawkins and Ben Webster) grounded jazz’s serious evolution, attracting serious listeners, serious critiquing, and serious pedagogy. Jacquet’s brood, including the Lester-inspired Gene Ammons, leads to that presumably middlebrow school of tenors who often affix themselves to organ trios, name tunes after soul food, put semi-naked women on album covers, tour chiefly in black ‘hoods, and like—really like—dancers. They attract listeners who clap in time, critics or at least annotators who fetishize simplicity and are really DJs anyway, and no pedagogues at all.
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Swami, Viren. "Birds of a Feather." In Attraction Explained, 202–43. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003125297-6.
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"Attracting Birds to Your Yard." In All About Birds Northeast, 41–56. Princeton University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780691230054-003.
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"Attracting Birds to Your Yard." In All About Birds Northwest, 41–56. Princeton University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780691230092-003.
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"Attracting Birds to Your Yard." In All About Birds California, 41–56. Princeton University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780691230115-003.
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"Attracting Birds to Your Yard." In All About Birds Southeast, 41–56. Princeton University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780691230061-003.
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"ATTRACTING BIRDS TO YOUR YARD." In All About Birds Midwest, 41–56. Princeton University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780691230085-003.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Bird attracting"
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Imura, Tadatsugu, Masaki Fuchiwaki, and Kazuhiro Tanaka. "Dynamic Behaviors of Butterfly Wing and Their Application to Micro Flight Robot." In ASME 2009 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2009-78513.
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Micro-Air-Vehicle (MAV) and micro-flight robot using insect and bird flight mechanisms has been attracting significant attention in recent years since the micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) have been developed actively. Many researchers have attempted to develop MAV and micro-flight robot with various actuators and devices so far however their studies have not led to practical applications yet. One of the reasons is that flying mechanism of birds and insects has not been clarified sufficiently. In this study, we evaluate dynamic behaviors of a wing observed from the butterfly’s viewpoint in its flight. The authors conduct a flight observation experiment of Cynthia cardui performing a free flight and fixed flight and an image analysis and calculate flapping angles, lead-lag angle and feathering angles of the butterfly performing flapping flight to clarify the relation between them. Furthermore, we aim at developing the micro flight robot like the butterfly using these results. The butterfly realizes its flapping motions by changing not only flapping angles but also lead-lag angles in free and fixed flights. In a free flight, a butterfly performs flapping by greatly changing feathering angles in the wing span direction. The micro flapping robot has two wings and does not have the tail plane. The micro flapping robot flied stably for 12 minutes, which was the battery’s duration. The elastic deformations of a wing are one of the important parameters to realize stable flight performance.
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Kerr, Vicki. "Performing nature unnaturally: Musique concrète and the performance of knowledge - one seabird at a time." In LINK 2021. Tuwhera Open Access, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/link2021.v2i1.129.
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Migratory seabirds are an unseen conduit between marine and terrestrial systems, carrying the nutrients they consume at sea into the forests where they breed. Acting as environmental sentinels, their health and reproductive success provide early warning signals of deteriorating marine eco-systems as the climate changes, and fish stocks decrease. Aotearoa New Zealand is the seabird capital of the world, with ~25% of all species breeding here and ~10% exclusively so. They play a critical role in maintaining healthy ecosystems, with their long-term well-being is closely interconnected with our own prospects for a sustainable future. Now predominantly restricted to off-shore islands due to predation and habitat destruction, seabirds and their familiar sounds have become less available in an age when the unprecedented global movement and planetary spread of the human population has culminated in unsustainable fishing, predators and habitat destruction. Inspiring mythology, song, poetry and stories, birds have been significant in shaping our understanding of how our natural environment has come to be known and understood. This paper speculates upon how we learn to communicate and cooperate with these precious taonga, and what might be learned from such an exchange through creative practice. Reflecting upon what birds might tell us, musician Matthew Bannister and I, a visual artist, have taken our cue from seabirds sharing our local environment on the west coast of Aotearoa - from the petrel (peera) through to the gannet (tākapu). Working on the premise that bird vocalisation is a performed negotiation that includes defence of territory and mate attraction, a bird’s call is a form of communication that effectively says “Come here” or “Go away”, which arguably is true of music – marking a social space and time to invite or repel. Rather than limiting bird calls to functionalist categories of explanation, we ask whether seabirds can communicate and exchange information about environmental changes using a malleable vocabulary, comprised of unique acoustic units arranged and re-arranged sequentially for greater communicative depth. Granting a high level of agency and creativity to birds as opposed to believing a bird only avails itself of stereotyped ‘speech’ to survive an accident-rich environment, places greater importance on responses that are improvised directly upon environmental stimuli as irritant rather than as a signal. Matthew explores bird calls via musique concrète, sampling recordings of seabirds to abstract the musical values of bird song conventions – a human response to the ‘other’ in jointly formed compositions, reflecting a living evolving relationship between composer and bird. In further developing our research into a multimedia artwork, I shall extend a technique used for electroacoustic composition (granular synthesis) to video portraits of composer/performer and bird. In applying granular synthesis techniques to video, tiny units of image and sampled sound are reassembled within the frames. Through the mixing of existing synthesised sequences, performer/composer and bird become active participants in the making and remaking of a shared environment, articulating the limits of space/territory to find new ways to be heard within it.
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Chang, G., M. Chevitarese, S. Kramer, S. Schneider, S. Matzner, J. Lewis, L. Cheung, and A. M. Macrander. "SEABIRD: System for Environmental Assessment of Bird/Bat Interactions with Real-Time Detection." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/35220-ms.
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A cadre of environmental regulations and the associated permits and authorizations require offshore wind (OSW) energy to be planned, constructed, and operated in ways that avoid, minimize, and mitigate environmental impacts, including potential harm to wildlife. Wind energy areas (WEAs) are often rich with birds under protection by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) and some species are also protected by the Endangered Species Act (ESA). Some birds (e.g., albatross, shearwaters, and petrels) may be more vulnerable to collision with OSW turbines because of their reliance on wind-rich areas to propel their long-distance movements from distant breeding areas to foraging grounds offshore of the West Coast of the U.S.; flight can occur during the day or night, and at heights overlapping rotor-swept zones. In cases where OSW has the potential to kill or injure birds and/or bats, consultation and authorization by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is required. For birds protected by the ESA, proposed wind energy projects will likely be required to generate collision risk models (CRMs) capable of estimating species-specific impacts anticipated over the permit term and recognizing uncertainty about these estimates. CRMs are most sensitive to avoidance rate, which must be calculated from interactions occurring at the following three scales: macro (avoidance of the wind farm as a whole), meso (avoidance of individual turbines or rotor-swept zones either through active detection and avoidance or as the result of species-specific flight and habitat use patterns), and micro (last-second measures taken to avoid collision) (Figure 1). To generate CRMs prior to construction requires extensive species-specific metrics from the project site such as: passage rate through the wind facility and rotor-swept zones; interannual variability in passage rates; turbine avoidance and attraction at multiple scales (macro, meso, and micro) (Cook et al. 2018); seabird or bat behaviors (foraging, transiting, seasonal migration, nocturnal activity, etc.); seabird and bat flight characteristics (speed over ground, position in rotor-swept zones, direction relative to wind, maneuverability, style of flight); seabird and bat size; and additional considerations of environmental covariates of collision (i.e., conditions that modify collision risk). Developing technology that can address this critical knowledge gap for most of the seabirds that occur off the U.S. west coast where floating OSW projects are proposed will allow wind energy proponents to avoid or minimize detrimental scenarios and achieve renewable energy generation targets. Real-time, automated monitoring technologies for seabird and bat detection, identification, and characterization at multiple scales will increase understanding and reduce uncertainties associated with potential interactions between seabirds and bats with OSW technologies, and reduce the timeline and costs associated with environmental permitting.
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Alsinan, Ali, Khalilur Rehman, and Ahmad Bakodah. "Towards Sustainable Excellence & Biodiversity Protection in Upstream O & G Facility." In Middle East Oil, Gas and Geosciences Show. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213248-ms.
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Objective The objective is to showcase the Abu Ali facility's commitment to protecting and preserving the Abu Ali biodiversity ecosystem. The project demonstrates a modern sustainable, circular, innovative and systemic approach to target the biodiversity threats in multi-dimensional aspects and transform these threats into opportunities to improve the island's ecosystem. The island is important to Aramco's upstream operations because it houses an oil and gas production facility. The organization has determined its environmental goals from the corporate policies and vision to be as follows. Contribute to reaching the company's and the kingdom's vision for being a net zero-carbon operating facility by 2050 and 2060, respectively, by reducing and offsetting greenhouse gases' impact on climate. Support the Saudi Green Initiative by planting mangroves and trees in the Abu Ali Island and seeking for sourcing out the mangrove seeds to other entities. Align and adapt with carbon circular economy (CCE) approaches in reusing/repairing/recycling wasted materials and resources turning them into valuable products. Protect, preserve and enhance the Abu Ali biodiversity area to create an integrated ecosystem for wildlife, marine life, and birds. Be recognized at the corporate, nationally, and internationally as a role model in environmental protection stewardship. Background North of Jubail, a city in the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, close to a large offshore oil field, sits Abu Ali Island. There are two large islands in the archipelago which are potentially preservational. The larger one is Abu Ali Island located to the north and the southern one is called Al Batinah Island. Abu Ali Island is a unique isolated island with one of the most diversified habitats in the Arabian Gulf, a home for a variety of creatures, and Aramco's oil and gas operational area. Aramco has designated Abu Ali Island as the country's first and biggest biodiversity stewardship island. The island is a sabkha semi-dry grassland. The coral reefs that encircle Abu Ali Island were formed naturally, making it an excellent habitat for marine life. The island's ecological and biological systems benefit from the variety of marine life. Birds nest on the island, turtles lay eggs, and foxes hunt for food. Abu Ali Island is on birds' migratory paths, and the island has become a resting area during migratory seasons. Furthermore, Abu Ali Island has been a fishing harbor for local fishermen for decades. Wildlife Habitat Mammals, reptiles, and rodents are just a few of the many biological species found on Abu Ali Island. Numerous other species, including the Cerastes Gasperettii/Arabian horned viper "Um Jounab" and the Arabian Red Fox, were also commonly observed on the island. The island is covered with vegetation, including native plants, cultivated trees, and herbs such as Ziziphus spina-christi "Sidir," Rhanterium epapposum "Arfaj," and Zygophyllum qatarense. Migratory Birds The island is situated in one of the main flyways of migratory birds that travel seasonally from Siberia & Eastern Europe to Africa. The migratory birds settle down for a couple of days/weeks to take a rest and food supply, then continue their long journey. The following migratory bird species have been spotted at Abu Ali Island: Black-necked Grebe, Great Crested Grebe, Black Kite, Slender-billed Gull, Greater Flamingo, Western Reef-egret, Lesser Crested Tern, White-cheeked Tern, Saunders's Tern, Little Tern, Grey Plover, Lesser Sandplover, Greater Sandplover, Kentish Plover, Bar-tailed Godwit, Whimbrel, Eurasian Curlew, Dunlin, Terek Sandpiper, Common Redshank, Common Greenshank, Ruddy Turnstone, Eurasian Oystercatcher, Crab-plover and Osprey. Marine Life Abu Ali Island is a territory of a critically endangered creature, the Hawksbill sea turtle. The turtles travel to various sites in the Arabian Gulf and lay their eggs on an island like Abu Ali Island during the year's roosting season. Besides that, coral reefs, seagrass, and mangroves thrive around Abu Ali Island creating attractive habitats for fishes and other organisms to reproduce and enrich marine life.
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Strouk, Mayline. "Following those who follow seabirds. Mapping collaborations in the field using a mixed-method approach." In 27th International Conference on Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators (STI 2023). International Conference on Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55835/6442e67afe93efc8ea1a224f.
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How do researchers choose their field sites? In the case of seabird research, this question is all the more complex, because the birds themselves choose remote sites for which access and living conditions are strongly limited for the researchers. In this paper, I describe the use of a mixed methodology within my doctoral research to identify what access to the field site really means for researchers and how sites are connected together. This research contributes to the geography of science, examining the spatial dynamics behind scientific research. Here, I identify that some sites are more attractive for seabird researchers, and discuss why. While some sites are attractive to many research teams, they can also be a personal space for one researcher and thus the network between sites is a network of collaborations between single or teams of researchers.
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Peteley, Attila, Adrian Nita, Hunor-Flaviu Crisan, Vasile Mara, and Lorant Balint-Balint. "THE DOUBLE SIDED IMPACT OF BEAR WATCHING IN THE GIURGEU BASIN, ROMANIA." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/5.1/s20.059.
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Sustainability within a region is achieved by providing a variety of services regarding the tourism products within an area. The Giurgeu basin in order to be able to sustain its values, needs to offer a wide variety of services that attract and increase the overnight stay of tourists. The services needed to be diversified with the beginning of the pandemic season of 2020 - 2022. These services existed before, but during the pandemic period, where the tourism suffered the most, it became evident that the entrepreneurs needed to find other means of attracting people. For more than two years the tourism needed to adapt, and to try to attract clients from the domestic market. The services needed to be targeted mainly towards the Romanian market. The entrepreneurs needed to provide new packages. In this paper we would like to analyze the perspective of offering special tourism packages that include wildlife watching trips in the depression, to observe the wildlife from safe locations. These trips are called bear watching�s, where the tourists go into the wilderness and from safe, specifically built locations observe the big games from a close distance. These games include the main attraction the brown bears, and most of the times the other big animals are present as well meaning the Carpathian stag, the common deer, the wild boar, the red fox, rabbit, a variety of birds. The animals are attracted by the abundance of food sources present at these feeders. The tourists come here to see these animals. We would like to analyze the impact of the animal watching�s on the tourism, and the impact of the tourism on the behavior and existential habits of the wild animals of the area. We conclude that sustaining such activities is not having a benefic impact on the existing wildlife�s existential habits and alters their seasonal behavior resulting in long lasting changes that impact generations of animals and the relationship between the wild animals and the inhabiting local population.
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Mustapha, Faizal, Fathilah Ismail, Mohd Khairul Hafiz Muda, Mohd Na’im Abdullah, Mohd Saffuan Yaakob, and Mohd Norfaiz Kadir. "A “NEW NORMAL” CONCEPTUAL APPROACH; AUGMENTED REALITY (AR) TOURISM IN TERENGGANU." In GLOBAL TOURISM CONFERENCE 2021. PENERBIT UMT, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46754/gtc.2021.11.007.
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Tourism is one of the sectors that has been badly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, governments around the globe have taken measures to ease the effect of the resulting economic downturn on households and businesses in a bid to prolong survivability of the public. In the longer run, this tourism industry will desperately need to adapt to a post-pandemic “new normal” to sustain the income of its tourism players and operators. The alternative to coping with the new normal is to migrate from the classical model to an advanced or high-technology approach. “High-Tech” devices or tools can play an important role towards the recovery of the tourism industry following the upheaval caused by the pandemic. The new standard operating procedures (SOPs) to mitigate the spread of the disease, health consciousness and better hygiene protocols, and as well as social distancing are likely to remain in place for the foreseeable future. Touchless services delivery and investments in digital technology could facilitate an industry-wide recovery. The use of modern technology is quickly becoming a necessity for many destinations in order to stay competitive and attractive in the new norm of the tourism industry. A new form of technology that may be suitable for the tourism industry to use to regain some of its former glory is that of virtual and or Augmented Reality (AR). The aim of this paper is to give industry players an insight into the basic design of a mobile AR Tourism application for the state of Terengganu in Malaysia. Several interesting places will be selected for AR Tourism research and practice. The AR Tourism app will be designed to serve a specific purpose for the user, while multi-language functionality, ease-of-use and the capability to personalise the app are among the main requirements that need to be considered in attracting tourists and encouraging regular use among travel enthusiasts.
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Clark, Charles W., and Stephen J. Buckman. "Regularities of Negative Ion Resonances." In Multiple Excitations of Atoms. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/mea.1986.tua5.
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The effects of electron correlation in atomic and molecular systems are perhaps most pronounced in negative ions. No long-range Coulomb field is present to bind an additional electron to a parent state of a neutral atom. The stability of a negative ion state is thus usually attributed to one of two alternative mechanisms, both of which invoke electron correlation phenomena: i) polarization of the parent atom provides an attractive potential in which an electron can be weakly bound; ii) two electrons orbit a singly-charged positive ion in a highly correlated fashion, so that each electron is effectively subject to the Coulomb potential of a fractional charge. These correspond respectively to motions in the valleys and upon the ridge of a hyperspherical potential surface. Both mechanisms seem capable of generating the long series of resonances converging on the parent ionization limit, which have been observed in most negative ion systems.1
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Brown, T. G., Philip L. Bradfield, Dennis G. Hall, and R. A. Soref. "Optical confinement of bound exciton emission in a silicon epitaxial waveguide." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1987.mp1.
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The widespread use of silicon in the microelectronics arena makes the notion of using silicon for integrated optics attractive. Several authors have reported schemes for making various kinds of optical waveguide in or on crystalline silicon. One approach is the epitaxial waveguide,1 in which a heavily doped substrate exhibits a depressed refractive index due to the high density of free carriers, but the guiding layer remains lightly doped and of good optical quality. Beryllium pairs form an isoelectronic complex in crystalline silicon that can bind an exciton. At sufficiently low temperatures (T = 30 K), this bound exciton radiates efficiently in a narrow line near the wavelength λ = 1.15 μm. We report the observation of optical confinement of subband gap radiation emitted by excitons bound to beryllium pairs introduced by ion implantation and suitable annealing. Photographs and transverse image scans show clear confinement of the emitted radiation within the 15.5-μm epitaxial layer.
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Nguyen, Thai Huu, and Qiao Lin. "An Aptamer-Functionalized Microfluidic Platform for Biomolecular Purification and Sensing." In ASME 2009 7th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2009-82142.
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Aptamers are oligonucleotides (DNA or RNA) that bind to chemical and biological analyte targets via affinity interactions. Through an in vitro synthetic process, aptamers can be developed for an extremely broad spectrum of analytes, such as small molecules, proteins, cells, viruses, and bacteria. Target recognition by aptamers is highly selective, as affinity interactions result in secondary aptamer conformational structures that specifically fit the target. The aptamer-target binding is also reversible and depends strongly on external stimuli such as pH and temperature. The specificity and stimuli-responsiveness of aptamers are highly attractive to biological purification and sensing, which generally involve isolating minute quantities of targets from complex samples with non-specific molecules and impurities present at orders-of-magnitude higher concentrations. We present an aptamer-functionalized microfluidic platform that by design exploits the specificity and temperature-dependent reversibility of aptamers to enable biomolecular purification and sensing. Using the specificity of aptamers, we demonstrate highly selective capture and enrichment of biomolecules. Employing thermally induced, reversible disruption of aptamer-target binding, we accomplish isocratic elution of the captured analytes and regeneration of the aptamer surfaces, thereby eliminating the use of potentially harsh reagents. Using integrated microfluidic control, the eluted analytes are detected in a label-free fashion by mass spectrometric methods.
Reports on the topic "Bird attracting"
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Yermiyahu, Uri, Thomas Kinraide, and Uri Mingelgrin. Role of Binding to the Root Surface and Electrostatic Attraction in the Uptake of Heavy Metal by Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7586482.bard.
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The principal accomplishment of the research supported by BARD was progress toward a comprehensive view of cell-surface electrical effects (both in cell walls [CWs] and at plasma membrane [PM] surfaces) upon ion uptake, intoxication, and amelioration. The research confirmed that electrostatic models (e.g., Gouy-Chapman-Stern [G-C-S]), with parameter values contributed by us, successfully predict ion behavior at cell surfaces. Specific research objectives 1. To characterize the sorption of selected heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd) to the root PM in the presence of other cations and organic ligands (citric and humic acids). 2. To compute the parameters of a G-C-S model for heavy-metal sorption to the root PM. 3. To characterize the accumulation of selected heavy metals in various plant parts. 4. To determine whether model-computed ion binding or ion activities at root PM surfaces predict heavy-metal accumulation in whole roots, root tips, or plant shoots. 5. To determine whether measured ion binding by protoplast-free roots (i.e., root CWs) predicts heavy-metal accumulation in whole roots, root tips, or plant shoots. 6. To correlate growth inhibition, and other toxic responses, with the measured and computed factors mentioned above. 7. To determine whether genotypic differences in heavy-metal accumulation and toxic responses correlate with genotypic differences in parameters of the G-C-S model. Of the original objectives, all except for objective 7 were met. Work performed to meet the other objectives, and necessitated on the basis of experimental findings, took the time that would have been required to meet objective 7. In addition, work with Pb was unsuccessful due to experimental complications and work on Cd is still in progress. On the other hand, the uptake and toxicity of the anion, selenate was characterized with respect to electrostatic effects and the influences of metal cations. In addition, the project included more theoretical work, supported by experimentation, than was originally planned. This included transmembrane ion fluxes considered in terms of PM-surface electrical potentials and the influence of CWs upon ion concentrations at PM surfaces. A important feature of the biogeochemistry of trace elements in the rhizosphere is the interaction between plant-root surfaces and the ions present in the soil solution. The ions, especially the cations, of the soil solution may be accumulated in the aqueous phases of cell surfaces external to the PMs, sometimes referred to as the "water free space" and the "Donnan free space". In addition, ions may bind to the CW components or to the PM surface with variable binding strength. Accumulation at the cell surface often leads to accumulation in other plant parts with implications for the safety and quality of foods. A G-C-S model for PMs and a Donnan-plus-binding model for CWs were used successfully to compute electrical potentials, ion binding, and ion concentration at root-cell surfaces. With these electrical potentials, corresponding values for ion activities may be computed that are at least proportional to actual values also. The computed cell-surface ion activities predict and explain ion uptake, intoxication, and amelioration of intoxication much more accurately than ion activities in the bulk-phase rooting medium.
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Ayele, Seife, Wei Shen, Tadesse Kuma Worako, Lucy H. Baker, and Samson Hadush. Renewable Energy Procurement in Ethiopia: Overcoming Obstacles in Procurement from Independent Power Producers. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.064.
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Developing countries are increasingly using auctions for the procurement of utility-scale renewable electricity, due to the potential for attracting private investment. However, auction design and implementation can face serious obstacles due to complex context-specific factors. In 2017, Ethiopia launched its Public–Private Partnership (PPP) policy and procurement framework to promote infrastructure development, including electricity generation. Since 2018, it has organised renewable energy auctions to procure new capacity from independent power producers (IPPs). However, the new framework faces numerous challenges. Using a literature review and primary data from more than 70 interviews and from stakeholder consultations, this study explores the political economy challenges and opportunities facing IPP project preparation, decision-making, coordination and implementation, and risks to investors. To date, Ethiopia has held two rounds of tenders to procure 1,000 megawatts (MW) of electricity from eight projects; the first tender for two solar photovoltaic (PV) projects led to the signing of Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) and was hailed as one of the cheapest tariff rates in sub-Saharan Africa, at US$2.526 cents/kilowatt hour (kWh) over 25 years. However, none of the projects have yet become operational. This study also finds fault lines impeding the implementation of IPP projects, including the risk of foreign currency availability and convertibility of Ethiopian birr to expatriate profits. It proposes measures to overcome these obstacles and mitigate risks, to put Ethiopia on course to achieve universal access to electricity by 2030.
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Natural Tourist Attractions - Migratory Bird Sanctuaries. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/301626.
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