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Journal articles on the topic 'Bird class'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Tohir, Rizki Kurnia, Mohammad Ashari Dwiputra, and Fajar Islam Sitanggang. "BIRD DISTRIBUTION IN ITERA CAMPUS AREA BASED ON VALUE CHANGES IN NORMALIZED DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX (NDVI)." Media Konservasi 26, no. 2 (2021): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/medkon.26.2.83-91.

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Land-use change from a rubber plantation into the ITERA campus area causes an ecological transition. The components of ecology affected are vegetation and wildlife (bird). Geographic information systems can be used to assess the condition of vegetation and its relation to the ecological component. This study analyses bird diversity, vegetation condition through the NDVI value distribution, and then analyses the bird distribution based on vegetation condition. Observation in transect is the method for collecting bird distribution data. Analyses of vegetation condition was carried out based on N

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Wang, Kang, Feng Yang, Zhibo Chen, Yixin Chen, and Ying Zhang. "A Fine-Grained Bird Classification Method Based on Attention and Decoupled Knowledge Distillation." Animals 13, no. 2 (2023): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13020264.

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Classifying birds accurately is essential for ecological monitoring. In recent years, bird image classification has become an emerging method for bird recognition. However, the bird image classification task needs to face the challenges of high intraclass variance and low inter-class variance among birds, as well as low model efficiency. In this paper, we propose a fine-grained bird classification method based on attention and decoupled knowledge distillation. First of all, we propose an attention-guided data augmentation method. Specifically, the method obtains images of the object’s key part

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Zhang, Shuai, Yang Shi, San Xiang Huang, and Wei Dong Bao. "Spatial Distribution Expending of National Protected Birds after 10 Years Environmental Recovery in Beijing." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 3987–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.3987.

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Environmental protection programs exert strong effects on vegetation and plant conservation; however, few researchers have dealt with the impacts of environmental protection programs on wildlife recovery. We compared the spatial changes in avian species distributions caused by these environmental restoration programs for 63 national key protected bird species by overlaying GIS layers to examine the effects of environmental protection on bird diversity since 2000 in Beijing, China. Generally, these species congregated in areas away from human disturbance and around wetlands, city parks, and woo

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LIANG, WEI, YAN CAI, and CAN-CHAO YANG. "Extreme levels of hunting of birds in a remote village of Hainan Island, China." Bird Conservation International 23, no. 1 (2011): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270911000499.

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SummaryIn China, many bird species are generally thought to be threatened mainly, or at least partly, by hunting. However, there have been few studies of bird hunting at a local scale. Bird hunting and trade in Nanmao, a remote mountainous village of Hainan Island, China, was investigated during March–July 2003 and September–October 2005. In total, 86 households were visited, of which 43% reported that they engaged in hunting of birds while 91% of households were seen to have hunted birds or hunting tools. This indicated that hunting by village people was widespread. Most hunters were male, an

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Jarvi, Susan, Kiara Bianchi, Margaret Farias, et al. "Major histocompatibility complex class II gene diversity and tolerance to avian malaria in Hawaiian honeycreepers (Drepanidinae) (99.15)." Journal of Immunology 186, no. 1_Supplement (2011): 99.15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.99.15.

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Abstract Susceptibility to avian malaria differs both within and between species of Hawaiian honeycreepers. Due to their critical function in adaptive immunity, proteins encoded by Mhc genes may be key in the development of tolerance to Plasmodium relictum in low elevation populations of `amakihi (Hemignathus virens). To evaluate gene copy number, 263 Mhc class II peptide-binding region clones were sequenced from a captive family of `amakihi. Phylogenetic analysis suggests a minimum of 10 Mhc class II genes with detection of 35 unique alleles. Species comparisons (total 503 clones, eight birds

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Fitriana, Fauziah, Riza Resita, Yuda Disastra, Dian Ritma Setyorini, Aris Haryanto, and Fatkhanuddin Aziz. "Evaluation of primers targeting chromo helicase DNA-binding gene (CHD) for molecular sexing identification in four bird families." Livestock and Animal Research 21, no. 1 (2023): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/lar.v21i1.66998.

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<p><span class="fontstyle0">Objective: </span></p><p><span class="fontstyle2">Sex determination of birds is crucial role in breeding and conservation purposes. Genomic approaches by using basis of bird sex polymorphism are accepted to generate an accurate sexing procedure. The PCR method is commonly used and known to provide accurate test results in determining the sex of birds, but its successes is strongly influenced by the compatibility of the primers used with the DNA template. This study aimed to determine the potential use of CHD1LF/CHD1LR targeting CH

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Arnaiz-Villena, Antonio, Fabio Suarez-Trujillo, Valentin Ruiz-del-Valle, et al. "The MHC (Major Histocmpatibility Complex) Exceptional Molecules of Birds and Their Relationship to Diseases." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 8 (2025): 3767. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26083767.

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There are about 5000 species of Passeriformes birds, which are half of the extant ones. Their class I MHC molecules are found to be different from all other studied vertebrates, including other bird species; i.e., amino acid residues 10 and 96 are not the seven canonic residues extant in all other vertebrate molecules. Thus, the canonic residues in MHC class I vertebrate molecules are reduced to five. These differences have physical effects in MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) class I alpha chain interaction with beta-2-microglobulin but have yet unknown functional effects. Also, introns

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Blackey, Robert. "Early Bird Specials." Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 35, no. 1 (2010): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/th.35.1.3-11.

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Please read no further if you are a teacher who, for whatever reason, is rarely able to arrive in class early. But if, instead, you routinely appear at least five minutes before class begins- to set up materials, to be available to students with questions, to set a good example, or to demonstrate a genuine enthusiasm for your teaching-then the suggestions I offer for using those few minutes constructively might whet your creative appetite. Recently I began my fifth decade as a full-time university professor of history. Not surprisingly, I have found that just as our discipline continues to evo

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Komorová, P., J. Sitko, M. Špakulová, Z. Hurníková, R. Sałamatin, and G. Chovancová. "New data on helminth fauna of birds of prey (Falconiformes, Accipitriformes, Strigiformes) in the Slovak Republic." Helminthologia 54, no. 4 (2017): 314–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/helm-2017-0038.

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Summary In the years 2012-2014, carcasses of 286 birds of prey from the territory of Slovakia were examined for the presence of helminth parasites. The number of bird species in the study was 23; five belonging to the Falconiformes order, eleven to Accipitriformes, and seven to Strigiformes. A finding of Cestoda class comprehended 4 families: Paruterinidae (4), Dilepididae (2), Mesocestoididae (2) and Anoplocephalidae (1). Birds of prey were infected with 6 families Nematoda species of the Secernentea class: Syngamidae (1), Habronematidae (2), Tetrameridae (3), Physalopteridae (1), Acuariidae

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Fletcher, N. H. "A class of chaotic bird calls?" Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 108, no. 2 (2000): 821–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.429615.

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Strandh, Maria, Helena Westerdahl, Mikael Pontarp, et al. "Major histocompatibility complex class II compatibility, but not class I, predicts mate choice in a bird with highly developed olfaction." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1746 (2012): 4457–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.1562.

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Mate choice for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) compatibility has been found in several taxa, although rarely in birds. MHC is a crucial component in adaptive immunity and by choosing an MHC-dissimilar partner, heterozygosity and potentially broad pathogen resistance is maximized in the offspring. The MHC genotype influences odour cues and preferences in mammals and fish and hence olfactory-based mate choice can occur. We tested whether blue petrels, Halobaena caerulea , choose partners based on MHC compatibility. This bird is long-lived, monogamous and can discriminate between individu

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Manalu, Damai Y., Elisabeth M. T. Rido, and Wahyu Irawati. "Keunikan Struktur Anatomi dan Morfologi Burung Maleo (Macrochepalon maleo) sebagai Fauna Endemik Indonesia dan Upaya Konservasinya." JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA 15, no. 2 (2023): 192–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.31957/jbp.2980.

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Maleo bird is one of the unique animals of the aves class which is included in endemic animals in Indonesia. The Maleo bird is almost endangered due to predators and irresponsible behavior of local people. One of the conservation efforts carried out by the government is contained in Law No. 5 of 1990 and Government Regulation No. 7 of 1999 concerning the protection or conservation of Maleo birds. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the morphological and physiological characteristics of the Maleo bird (Macrochepalon maleo), the anatomy of the Maleo bird (Macrochepalon maleo), the relationsh

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Zhao, Zhicheng, Ze Luo, Jian Li, Kaihua Wang, and Bingying Shi. "Large-Scale Fine-Grained Bird Recognition Based on a Triplet Network and Bilinear Model." Applied Sciences 8, no. 10 (2018): 1906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8101906.

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The main purpose of fine-grained classification is to distinguish among many subcategories of a single basic category, such as birds or flowers. We propose a model based on a triple network and bilinear methods for fine-grained bird identification. Our proposed model can be trained in an end-to-end manner, which effectively increases the inter-class distance of the network extraction features and improves the accuracy of bird recognition. When experimentally tested on 1096 birds in a custom-built dataset and on Caltech-UCSD (a public bird dataset), the model achieved an accuracy of 88.91% and

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R, Suhas Reddy B., Veluri Raviram Nikhil, P. V. Bhaskar Reddy, Vikramadhitya P. S, and Abhilash C. "Endangered Bird Species Classification Using Machine Learning Techniques." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 5 (2023): 590–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.51172.

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Abstract: Birds are a diverse class of warm-blooded creatures, with around 10,000 living species presenting a range of characteristics and appearances. Although though individuals frequently enjoy viewing birds, accurate bird species identification requires an understanding of the field of ornithology. To address this issue, we offer a CNN-based automated model that can distinguish between several bird species using a test dataset. Our model was trained using a dataset of 7,637 pictures representing 20 distinct bird species, of which 1,853 were selected for testing. The deep neural network's d

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Crisol-Martínez, Eduardo, Laura T. Moreno-Moyano, and Finbarr G. Horgan. "Bioacoustics Reveal Species-Rich Avian Communities Exposed to Organophosphate Insecticides in Macadamia Orchards." Birds 1, no. 1 (2020): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/birds1010005.

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Organophosphates are the most widely used insecticide class in agriculture. The effects of organophosphates on insectivorous birds can potentially reduce the capacity of these birds to regulate insect pest populations as well as jeopardizing the survival of vulnerable bird species in matrix habitats. In this study, we investigated the diversity of birds inhabiting commercial macadamia orchards in Australia and assessed community-wide exposure of birds to an organophosphate insecticide (trichlorfon). We also studied the impact of trichlorfon on arthropods, and how this affected bird activity. W

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Yi, Xiaomei, Cheng Qian, Peng Wu, Brian Tapiwanashe Maponde, Tengteng Jiang, and Wenying Ge. "Research on Fine-Grained Image Recognition of Birds Based on Improved YOLOv5." Sensors 23, no. 19 (2023): 8204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23198204.

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Birds play a vital role in maintaining biodiversity. Accurate identification of bird species is essential for conducting biodiversity surveys. However, fine-grained image recognition of birds encounters challenges due to large within-class differences and small inter-class differences. To solve this problem, our study took a part-based approach, dividing the identification task into two parts: part detection and identification classification. We proposed an improved bird part detection algorithm based on YOLOv5, which can handle partial overlap and complex environmental conditions between part

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Sullivan, T. N., M. A. Meyers, and E. Arzt. "Scaling of bird wings and feathers for efficient flight." Science Advances 5, no. 1 (2019): eaat4269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat4269.

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Aves are an incredibly diverse class of animals, ranging greatly in size and thriving in a wide variety of environments. Here, we explore the scaling trends of bird wings in connection with their flight performance. The tensile strength of avian bone is hypothesized to be a limiting factor in scaling the humerus with mass, which is corroborated by its experimentally determined allometric scaling trend. We provide a mechanics analysis that explains the scaling allometry of the wing humerus length,LH, with body weightW,LH∝W0.44. Lastly, wing feathers are demonstrated to generally scale isometric

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Mashao, Mmatjie, and David Allan. "Preserving and Optimising a World-Class African Ornithological Collection." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e25705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25705.

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The Durban Natural Science Museum houses a world-class collection of African bird study skins and other ornithological specimens including eggs, nests, skeletons, open wings and ethanol specimens. This presentation briefly outlines the value of these holdings. The bird study skins comprise the core of the collection and number nearly 40 000. This ranks the collection as one of the top three or four on the continent. These study skins are globally renowned for the quality of their preparation, far exceeding that of other African museums. The study skin collection houses an unparalleled assembla

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Mashao, Mmatjie, and David Allan. "Preserving and Optimising a World-Class African Ornithological Collection." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e25705. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25705.

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The Durban Natural Science Museum houses a world-class collection of African bird study skins and other ornithological specimens including eggs, nests, skeletons, open wings and ethanol specimens. This presentation briefly outlines the value of these holdings. The bird study skins comprise the core of the collection and number nearly 40 000. This ranks the collection as one of the top three or four on the continent. These study skins are globally renowned for the quality of their preparation, far exceeding that of other African museums. The study skin collection houses an unparalleled assembla

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Zhang, Pingze, Guangyao Xie, Xinxin Liu, et al. "High Genetic Diversity of Newcastle Disease Virus in Wild and Domestic Birds in Northeastern China from 2013 to 2015 Reveals Potential Epidemic Trends." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 82, no. 5 (2015): 1530–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03402-15.

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ABSTRACTNewcastle disease (ND), caused by the virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is one of the most important viral diseases of birds globally, but little is currently known regarding enzootic trends of NDV in northeastern China, especially for class I viruses. Thus, we performed a surveillance study for NDV in northeastern China from 2013 to 2015. A total 755 samples from wild and domestic birds in wetlands and live bird markets (LBMs) were collected, and 10 isolates of NDV were identified. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses showed that five isolates from LBMs belong to class I subgenotyp

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Polkowska, Laura. "ak się zmienia językowy obraz gołębia w polszczyźnie?" Język Polski 101, no. 1 (2021): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31286/jp.101.1.4.

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This scetch is dedicated to the reconstruction of a linguistic picture of a pigeon in Polish. The research mate-rial consists of lexicographic definitions, idioms, proverbs, derivative words and semantic neologisms, while the latest language data, represented by the texts of Internet comments, allow to reconstruct the most current components of the picture of this bird. The analysis shows that the positive picture of the pigeon as a faith-ful, gentle bird and a symbol of love and peace, is beginning to be replaced by the negative associations. The phrases gołąb to nie ptak (‘pigeon is not a bi

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Alfonso, Gerry M. "Flight for Conservation." Mountain Journal of Science and Interdisciplinary Research (formerly Benguet State University Research Journal) 78, no. 1 (2018): 77–105. https://doi.org/10.70884/mjsir.v78i1.131.

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The identification and characterization of birds in land reservations are important basis for institutions in identifying strategies in the promotion of its protection and conservation. The study identified, characterized, and photo-documented birds within the Benguet State University (BSU)-La Trinidad Campus and its land reservations. The common, scientific, and family names of these birds are determined together with its eco-class, conservation status, distribution, characteristics, and food. Forty-six species of birds under 27 families are identified within the campus and its land reservati

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Abdussalam, Muhtarom, Mochamad Arief Soendjoto, and Eko Rini Indrayatie. "JENIS MAKANAN DAN KETINGGIAN TENGGERAN BURUNG MAKAN DI KEBUN RAYA BANUA BANJARBARU, INDONESIA." Jurnal Sylva Scienteae 4, no. 3 (2021): 476. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jss.v4i3.3748.

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There was no data available on the type of food and the height of the perch for birds to eat that food at the Banua Botanical Garden, Banjarbaru. The research aimed to identify the type of bird food and determine the perch height where birds eat. Data were collected from three types of habitat, namely open land, mixed vegetation, and acacia vegetation. Through the survey and point count with a maximum radius of 50 m at 07.00-10.00 and 16.00‒18.30 for 3 replications, birds were observed and the occurrences ―when a certain bird species ate a certain type of food at a certain perch height above g

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Sholihah, Raudatus. "Behavior and Ecological Study of Marine Birds in Alas Purwo National Park Southern Cost - Indonesia." KnE Life Sciences 3, no. 4 (2017): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v3i4.702.

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<p class="Els-Abstract-text">Alas Purwo National Park is habitat for marine birds and stopover for some the migratory birds. The purpose of this research was to determine behavior that could be observed in populations of marine birds and their habitat in the Alas Purwo National Park. The research location was in the Alas Purwo National Park southern coast, in region Plengkung to Cungur, Banyuwangi East Java. This research was done for<span lang="IN"> 2 mo</span>, July 21 to 30 and August 2015. The observations were observed in the morning (at 6:00 am to 9:00 am) and afternoon

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B K, Dr Chethan. "Literature Survey on Bird Call Identification and Monitoring." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 03 (2024): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem29011.

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Birds play a main role in ecological monitoring, serving as indicators of environmental health. Many biological monitoring projects rely on the acoustic detection of birds. Despite the major increase in large datasets, this detection is often manual or semi-automatic, requiring manual tuning/postprocessing. The consistently used datasets for bird call monitoring and identification are [1] Cornell Bird Challenge(CBC) - 2020 dataset and [2] Xeno-Canto dataset. The major models used are [3] YamNet model which is a pre- trained model provided by the TensorFlow team. YamNet takes in a waveform of t

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Snoeck, Chantal J., Adeniyi T. Adeyanju, Ademola A. Owoade, et al. "Genetic Diversity of Newcastle Disease Virus in Wild Birds and Pigeons in West Africa." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79, no. 24 (2013): 7867–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02716-13.

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ABSTRACTIn West and Central Africa, virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains of the recently identified genotypes XIV, XVII, and XVIII are enzootic in poultry, representing a considerable threat to the sector. The increasing number of reports of virulent strains in wild birds at least in other parts of the world raised the question of a potential role of wild birds in the spread of virulent NDV in sub-Saharan Africa as well. We investigated 1,723 asymptomatic birds sampled at live-bird markets and sites important for wild-bird conservation in Nigeria and 19 sick or dead wild birds in Côt

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Kim, L. Mia, Daniel J. King, Phillip E. Curry, et al. "Phylogenetic Diversity among Low-Virulence Newcastle Disease Viruses from Waterfowl and Shorebirds and Comparison of Genotype Distributions to Those of Poultry-Origin Isolates." Journal of Virology 81, no. 22 (2007): 12641–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00843-07.

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ABSTRACT Low-virulence Newcastle disease viruses (loNDV) are frequently recovered from wild bird species, but little is known about their distribution, genetic diversity, or potential to cause disease in poultry. NDV isolates recovered from cloacal samples of apparently healthy waterfowl and shorebirds (WS) in the United States during 1986 to 2005 were examined for genomic diversity and their potential for virulence (n = 249). In addition 19 loNDV isolates from U.S. live bird markets (LBMs) were analyzed and found to be genetically distinct from NDV used in live vaccines but related to WS-orig

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Fernández, Guillermo, and David B. Lank. "Sex, Age, and Body Size Distributions of Western Sandpipers During the Nonbreeding Season With Respect to Local Habitat." Condor 108, no. 3 (2006): 547–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/108.3.547.

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AbstractWe documented the local density and sex, age-class, and body size distributions of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) among habitats at Bahía Santa María, northwestern Mexico, during the nonbreeding season. Three habitats were recognized: brackish flats, mangroves, and cattail marshes, which we ranked as richest to poorest in food resources and safest to most dangerous in predation danger. Western Sandpiper population structure differed among habitats. Bird densities were highest in brackish flats, the richest and safest habitat, and males and adults of both sexes were overrepresented

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Pilgrim, Neil G., Joanna L. Smith, Keith Moore, and Anthony J. Gaston. "Nest site characteristics of cavity-nesting birds on a small island, in Haida Gwaii, British Columbia, Canada." Canadian Field-Naturalist 133, no. 4 (2020): 352–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v133i4.2277.

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Many studies of cavity-nesting birds in North America are conducted in large continental forests and much less is known about them in island ecosystems. We describe a 29-year study of tree species, nest site characteristics, and fledge dates of cavity-nesting birds on a small island in Haida Gwaii, British Columbia (BC). Seven cavity-nesting bird species were documented on East Limestone Island and 463 nests were found in 173 different trees. Nest trees were significantly taller and had a greater diameter than a random sample of snags. Tree height did not differ among bird species but diameter

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Hilje, Branko, Natalie V. Sánchez, Erin M. Bayne, and Arturo Sánchez-Azofeifa. "Bird Assemblage Recovery in a Chronosequence of Tropical Dry Forests in Costa Rica." Forests 11, no. 6 (2020): 629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11060629.

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Research Highlights: While forest structure recovery in successional tropical forests is well studied, the recovery of fauna and changes in species composition and assemblage along forests succession is not well understood in many areas of the Neotropics like tropical dry forests (TDFs). Background and Objectives: To compare bird species richness and assemblage in tropical dry forests (TDFs) of different ages of recovery from cattle ranching and relate both to forest structural characteristics. Materials and Methods: To sample bird species richness and assemblage in 16 successional forest of d

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Winslow, Donald. "Birdwatching: A field-based unit or short course." Hoosier Science Teacher 47, no. 1 (2024): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/thst.v47i1.37759.

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I taught Birdwatching for the Indiana Academy’s 2023 May Term. The latitude and flexibility of a standalone course provided opportunities for creative student expression. The focus was on recreational observation of birds with a modest introduction to the science of ornithology. Students gained skills in bird identification, interpretation of behavioral observations, and ecological study design. The only textbook was a field guide. Students were instructed to install and use the free mobile app Merlin. We met each morning for a total of 10 class sessions, each 3-4 hours long. Topics included b

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Alivizatos, Haralambos, and Vassilis Goutner. "Diet composition, guild structure and trophic relationships of wintering birds of prey in an estuarine wetland (The Evros Delta National Park, Greece)." Ecologica Montenegrina 39 (January 14, 2021): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2021.39.3.

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Seven species of birds of prey studied in the Evros Delta National Park belong to a common assemblage of a trophic guild. However, their diet study revealed different groups of feeding niches. A cluster analysis provided three groups with very similar diets: The eastern imperial eagle (Aquila heliaca) and greater spotted eagle (Clanga clanga) constituted a group feeding mainly on birds with their diets including 96% (13 bird species) and 98% (16 bird species), by number respectively, most bird prey being water birds. A second group, characterized by a considerable variety of prey types dominat

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Siqueira, Paulo Ricardo, Marcelo Ferreira de Vasconcelos, Raissa M. M. Gonçalves, and Lemuel Olívio Leite. "ASSESSMENT OF STOMACH CONTENTS OF SOME AMAZONIAN BIRDS." Ornitología Neotropical 26, no. 1 (2016): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.58843/ornneo.v26i1.14.

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Studies on avian diet provide important information about biology and ecological relationships of species, for instance, predation and competition. Despite the importance, studies about trophic ecology in the Neotropical region are still scarce, especially in the Amazonian region. The Brazilian Amazon hosts a high diversity of birds, with about 1300 resident species. However, trophic ecology of the regional avifauna is still poorly studied. This paper aims to describe the composition of the diet of some Amazonian bird species. Bird specimens were collected in the Aripuanã municipality, norther

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Trawicki, Marek. "Hidden Markov Model-Based Multispecies Discrimination of Birds (Class Aves) Within and Across Breeding Seasons." International Journal of Automation, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning 5, no. 1 (2025): 49–57. https://doi.org/10.61797/ijaaiml.v5i1.443.

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Monitoring of birds (Class Aves) through their vocalizations that potentially change over time has always been a challenging problem in bioacoustics. Machine learning methods have provided researchers in bioacoustics with many non-invasive ways to study vocalizations. For powerful methods like Hidden Markov Models (HMMs), the models have been deployed to study bird vocalizations but over a limited time period. Through the application of HMMs to Chiffchaff (Phylloscopus Collybita), Little Owl (Athene Noctua), and Tree Pipit (Anthus Trivialis), the three species of birds with varying degrees of

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Santos, Gabriel Silva, Isael Colonna Ribeiro, Luana D'Avila Centoducatte, and Sérgio Lucena Mendes. "Bird breeding biology and homogenization process in an urban green area at Atlantic rainforest of Southeastern Brazil." Neotropical Biology and Conservation 14, no. 1 (2019): 83–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neotropical.14.e34838.

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Urbanization is a major cause of biotic homogenization, once it modifies species habitat and creates new environments in which only a few species are able to survive. However, many authors propose that planned green areas within the bounds of urban centers work real islands, providing shelter for several animal species. In this study, we verified the reproductive pattern of a community of birds within an urban green area in southeastern Brazil. Also, we compared the composition of breeding sites and reproductive activities of birds in different environments available and provided insights abou

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Humphrey, T. J., H. Chart, A. Baskerville, and B. Rowe. "The influence of age on the response of SPF hens to infection with Salmonella enteritidis PT4." Epidemiology and Infection 106, no. 1 (1991): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800056429.

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SUMMARYWhen Specific Pathogen–Free hens were infected with Salmonella enteritidis PT4 by direct administration into the crop, the age of the bird at infection was found to have an effect on both pathogenesis and antibody response. Birds at 20 weeks of age showed no adverse signs and developed high titres of antibodies of the IgM class, while those which were 1 year old at infection developed relatively little antibody arid had acute septicaemia, with 6 of 10 birds either dying or having to be humanely destroyed. The implication of these results for the control of salmonella infections in poult

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Lewis, Keith P., and Brian M. Starzomski. "Bird communities and vegetation associations across a treeline ecotone in the Mealy Mountains, Labrador, which is an understudied part of the boreal forest." Canadian Journal of Zoology 93, no. 6 (2015): 477–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2014-0309.

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We examined the factors structuring bird communities across a complex subarctic treeline in the Mealy Mountains, Labrador, Canada. Using point counts of bird abundance in 2007 and 2008, we show that changes in vegetation driven by elevation are strongly correlated with avian community structure in this treeline ecotone system. Overall, avian diversity was higher in the forest compared with other habitat classes (krummholz, deciduous shrub, and alpine). There were strong correlations between avian diversity and vegetation richness, as well as structure, among and within habitat class in 2008. N

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Teng, Xin Peng, Shun Lin Song, and Yong Zhao Zhan. "Statistical Class Feature in Texture Analysis of Remote Sensing Imagery." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 5749–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.5749.

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This paper we selected 5 typical texture class samples from Quick Bird RGB fused data with 0.61m resolution. We used GLCMs to quantitatively calculate texture features, which parameter values are suitable for the specific texture classifications. Six statistical features for every class sample in four orientations and 1 pixel of pair-wise distance were obtained, including: energy, entropy, contrast, homogeneity, correlation, and dissimilarity respectively. The average values in four directions were computed and compared. The results show that dissimilarity and entropy have biggest value differ

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I Made Satria Bayu Temaja, Novita Mulyana, I Nyoman Tri Ediwan, and Gek Wulan Novi Utami. "Marxist Perspective In “Caged Bird” By Maya Angelou." Sintaksis : Publikasi Para ahli Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris 2, no. 3 (2024): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.61132/sintaksis.v2i3.639.

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Literature and social life have a close relationship. Many writers express ambiguous emotions when observing their surroundings. Society is a mixture of the upper and lower classes. Due to the imbalance of wealth, the lower classes often experience different fates in life, while the upper classes enjoy the benefits. Karl Marx has pointed out this social injustice in his theory. This research is an attempts to find elements of Marxism related to social inequalities in the poem "Caged Bird" by Maya Angelou. This study uses the text analysis method through the lens of Karl Marx's propositions abo

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Boboxonov, Muzaffar Ziyodullayevich. ""TYPES AND BIOECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SITTING BIRDS IN THE TERMIZ CITY"." EURASIAN JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH 1, no. 1 (2021): 655–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4730998.

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B. Heenan, Peter, and Peter J. De Lange. "Reproductive biology, ecology and conservation of Carmichaelia williamsii (Fabaceae), a vulnerable legume from New Zealand." Pacific Conservation Biology 5, no. 3 (1999): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc990179.

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Carmichaelia williamsii is a threatened leguminous shrub that is most common on the Poor Knights Islands and Aldermen Islands, northern New Zealand. Flower morphology and structure of C. williamsii is suited to a bird pollination syndrome as the floral parts are stout, the petals yellow, the nectar source is distant from the stigma, and the flowers lack scent. The stigma is covered by a protective cuticle that prevents pollination until it is ruptured, which would usually be by foraging birds. Experimental self- and cross-pollinations demonstrated that if the cuticle is not ruptured fertilizat

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Karnicky, Jeffrey. "What is the Red Knot Worth?: Valuing Human/Avian Interaction." Society & Animals 12, no. 3 (2004): 253–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568530042880659.

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AbstractApproximately at the turn of the nineteenth century, the visual encounter between humans and birds, which has been going on since both forms of life have existed, began to solidify into a hobby, into something that a middle-class citizen of American might spend a morning doing. Certain technologies—optics (binoculars), field guides, and later, automobiles—helped to enable this pursuit. In the twentieth century, bird watching became an immense industry. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, one report claims that in America "an estimated 70.4 million people now go out-of-doors t

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Tarlowski, Andrzej. "Naming Patterns and Inductive Inference: The Case of Birds." Journal of Cognition and Culture 11, no. 1-2 (2011): 189–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853711x568743.

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AbstractAlthough past research demonstrated that online presentation of labels plays a role in inductive inference few studies have shown that naming practices affect stable category representations that enter into inductive judgments. In this study we provide evidence for a relationship between naming and inductive inference by examining Polish and Spanish speakers’ inferences within the taxonomic class Aves. Birds in Polish are named with one label, ptak, while Spanish uses two labels, ave and pájaro. Size is the feature that determines whether Spanish speakers label a bird as ave or pájaro.

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Chu, Xinying. "Analysis of Chinese Contemporary Theme Dance from the Perspective of Ecological Aesthetics." International Journal of Social Sciences and Public Administration 2, no. 2 (2024): 288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.62051/ijsspa.v2n2.40.

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Ms. Yang Liping is a famous dancer and a national first-class actress. She is famous for peacock dance and known as "Peacock Princess". Ms. Yang Liping has many outstanding representative works, such as female solo dance "Spirit of the Bird", dance drama "Yunnan Image" and so on. Among them, the dance "Spirit of the Bird" won the gold medal of Chinese classic dance works in the 20th century. This article mainly analyzes the form and content of the dance "Spirit of the Bird" from the perspective of ecological aesthetics.

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Prakash, E. Akhil, Tereza Hromádková, T. Jabir, et al. "Dissemination of multidrug resistant bacteria to the polar environment - Role of the longest migratory bird Arctic tern (Sterna paradisaea)." Science of The Total Environment 815 (April 1, 2022): 152727. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5911068.

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<strong>Highlights</strong> • AMR was observed in the bacteria from the migratory bird, Arctic tern. • Twelve genera of bacteria detected, dominated by <em>Staphylococcus</em> and <em>Aerococcus</em>. • Highest ARB observed against β-lactam and quinolone class of antibiotics. • Birds sex influence the profile of antibiotic resistance.   <strong>Abstract</strong> The ever-increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria(ARB), primarily due to the frequent use and misuse of antibiotics, is an issue of serious global concern. Migratory

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Arnaiz-Villena, Antonio, Valentín Ruiz-del-Valle, Ester Muñiz, et al. "Major Histocompatibility Complex Allele Persistence in Eurasia and America in the Genus Carduelis (Spinus) During Million Years." Open Ornithology Journal 10, no. 1 (2017): 92–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874453201710010092.

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Introduction:GenusCarduelis(Fringillidaefamily) includes goldfinches, siskins, redpolls, greenfinches and crossbills. Many of the species classified within this genus and other related genera have been grouped by using molecular systematics and the mitochondrial cytochrome b (mt cyt b) gene. According to this, the Eurasian siskin (C. spinus)is the only one extant direct ancestor of several North American finches; North American / South American radiations may have been originated by Eurasian siskin (or extinct relative). In the present work, we aim to perform a study of transpecies and transco

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Vincze, Orsolya, Claire Loiseau, and Mathieu Giraudeau. "Avian blood parasite richness decreases with major histocompatibility complex class I loci number." Biology Letters 17, no. 8 (2021): 20210253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2021.0253.

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Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are among the most polymorphic in the vertebrate genome. The high allele diversity is believed to be maintained primarily by sexual and pathogen-mediated balancing selection. The number of MHC loci also varies greatly across vertebrates, most notably across birds. MHC proteins play key roles in presenting antigens on the cell surface for recognition by T cells, with class I proteins specifically targeting intracellular pathogens. Here, we explore the hypothesis that MHC class I diversity (measured as loci number) coevolves with haemosporidian parasi

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MAKINO, Toshiro. "H104 Drinking Bird and Heat Pipe : Visualization in Thermodynamics Lecture Class." Proceedings of thermal engineering conference 2001 (2001): 327–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeptec.2001.0_327.

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Buddhadeo, Mahato, Kumar Mishra Bimal, and Kumar Mishra Binay. "Global Stability Analysis of Avian Influenza Model." Journal of Biological Engineering Research and Review 5, no. 2 (2018): 01–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15351983.

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<strong>Abstract: </strong>A mathematical model of Avian Influenza for both human and bird population is formulated. The basic reproduction number 𝑅ℎ and 𝑅b for both human and bird population respectively is calculated and we prove that the dynamical system is both locally and globally asymptotically stable for disease-free equilibrium point when 𝑅ℎ < 1 and R𝑏< 1. We also prove that the unique endemic equilibrium point is globally asymptotically stable in bird population when 𝑅b > 1. Extensive numerical simulations and sensitivity analysis for various parameters of the model are carri

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Muzyka, Denys, Mary Pantin-Jackwood, Borys Stegniy, et al. "Wild Bird Surveillance for Avian Paramyxoviruses in the Azov-Black Sea Region of Ukraine (2006 to 2011) Reveals Epidemiological Connections with Europe and Africa." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 17 (2014): 5427–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00733-14.

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ABSTRACTDespite the existence of 10 avian paramyxovirus (APMV) serotypes, very little is known about the distribution, host species, and ecological factors affecting virus transmission. To better understand the relationship among these factors, we conducted APMV wild bird surveillance in regions of Ukraine suspected of being intercontinental (north to south and east to west) flyways. Surveillance for APMV was conducted in 6,735 wild birds representing 86 species and 8 different orders during 2006 to 2011 through different seasons. Twenty viruses were isolated and subsequently identified as APM

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