Relevant bibliographies by topics / Birds and Natural History

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Birds and Natural History'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Birds and Natural History"

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McLaren, Ian A. "History of the natural history of Sable Island." Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS) 48, no. 2 (2015): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.15273/pnsis.v48i2.6664.

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Documenting of natural history flourished with exploration of remote parts of North America during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, but the earliest published observations on the biota of Sable Island, along with casual observations in the journals of successive superintendents are vague, and emphasize exploitability. John Gilpin’s 1854 and 1855 visits were the first by a knowledgeable naturalist. His published 1859 “lecture” includes sketchy descriptions of the flora, birds, pinnipeds, and a list of collected marine molluscs. Reflecting growth of ‘cabinet’ natural history in New England, J. W. Maynard in 1868 collected a migrant sparrow in coastal Massachusetts, soon named Ipswich Sparrow and recognized as nesting on Sable Island. This persuaded New York naturalist Jonathan Dwight to visit the island in June-July1894 and produce a substantial monograph on the sparrow. He in turn encouraged Superintendent Bouteiller’s family to send him many bird specimens, some very unusual, now in the American Museum of Natural History. Dominion Botanist John Macoun made the first extensive collection of the island’s plants in 1899, but only wrote a casual account of the biota. He possibly also promoted the futile tree-planting experiment in May 1901 directed by William Saunders, whose son, W. E., published some observations on the island’s birds, and further encouraged the Bouteillers to make and publish systematic bird observations, 1901-1907. This account closes with Harold St. John’s 1913 stay on the island and his first truly modern treatment of the island’s flora in 1921. Little more was added before modern biological research was initiated, arguably with censuses and biological sampling of seals in the early 1960s.
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Duffey, Eric. "Birds of Brazil: A natural history." Biological Conservation 68, no. 2 (1994): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3207(94)90351-4.

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Mirzoeff, Nicholas. "The Whiteness of Birds." liquid blackness 6, no. 1 (2022): 120–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/26923874-9546592.

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Abstract This essay frames the 2020 Central Park bird-watching incident, in which a white financial analyst called police on a Black bird-watcher, in the context of histories of settler colonialism, extraction, and white supremacy. Situating ornithology as a white way of seeing, it considers the extermination and extinction of birds in terms of fugitivity, necrography, and eugenics, engaging the work of Audubon and the collection and display of birds at the American Museum of Natural History. It closes with a reflection on the Assembly of Birds in Aotearoa New Zealand, as depicted by painter Bill Hammond, and the work of decolonizing extinction.
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Cooper, Natalie, Alexander L. Bond, Joshua L. Davis, Roberto Portela Miguez, Louise Tomsett, and Kristofer M. Helgen. "Sex biases in bird and mammal natural history collections." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1913 (2019): 20192025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.2025.

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Natural history specimens are widely used across ecology, evolutionary biology and conservation. Although biological sex may influence all of these areas, it is often overlooked in large-scale studies using museum specimens. If collections are biased towards one sex, studies may not be representative of the species. Here, we investigate sex ratios in over two million bird and mammal specimen records from five large international museums. We found a slight bias towards males in birds (40% females) and mammals (48% females), but this varied among orders. The proportion of female specimens has not significantly changed in 130 years, but has decreased in species with showy male traits like colourful plumage and horns. Body size had little effect. Male bias was strongest in name-bearing types; only 27% of bird and 39% of mammal types were female. These results imply that previous studies may be impacted by undetected male bias, and vigilance is required when using specimen data, collecting new specimens and designating types.
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Wunderle, Joseph M., Richard M. DeGraaf, and John H. Rappole. "Neotropical Migratory Birds: Natural History, Distribution, and Population Change." Journal of Wildlife Management 61, no. 3 (1997): 980. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3802212.

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Caplan, Allison, James M. Maley, and John E. McCormack. "Bridging Biology and Ethnohistory: A Case for Collaboration." Ethnohistory 67, no. 3 (2020): 355–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00141801-8266379.

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Abstract Interdisciplinary scholarship that combines research questions and methodologies from biology and ethnohistory generates new insights into historical interactions between human and bird populations in ancient and colonial Mesoamerica. Codices, ethnohistorical sources, and surviving feather art point to the religious, economic, and artistic importance of various types of birds to Nahua people. Alongside the well-known resplendent quetzal and lovely cotinga, many additional species were significant to ancient and colonial Nahuas. This article presents potential directions for scholarship that bridge biology and ethnohistory and surveys key resources, including natural history collections and online databases. Finally, the article employs the biological literature to describe eleven bird species of great importance to Nahuas, detailing the species’ appearance and plumage, geographic range, variation, habitat, behaviors, and current status. Ultimately, the article demonstrates how insights from natural history and ethnohistory together allow for a fuller understanding of Nahuas’ material and conceptual interactions with these birds.
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LAWRENCE, NATALIE. "Assembling the dodo in early modern natural history." British Journal for the History of Science 48, no. 3 (2015): 387–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087415000011.

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AbstractThis paper explores the assimilation of the flightless dodo into early modern natural history. The dodo was first described by Dutch sailors landing on Mauritius in 1598, and became extinct in the 1680s or 1690s. Despite this brief period of encounter, the bird was a popular subject in natural-history works and a range of other genres. The dodo will be used here as a counterexample to the historical narratives of taxonomic crisis and abrupt shifts in natural history caused by exotic creatures coming to Europe. Though this bird had a bizarre form, early modern naturalists integrated the dodo and other flightless birds through several levels of conceptual categorization, including the geographical, morphological and symbolic. Naturalists such as Charles L'Ecluse produced a set of typical descriptive tropes that helped make up the European dodo. These long-lived images were used for a variety of symbolic purposes, demonstrated by the depiction of the Dutch East India enterprise in Willem Piso's 1658 publication. The case of the dodo shows that, far from there being a dramatic shift away from emblematics in the seventeenth century, the implicit symbolic roles attributed to exotic beasts by naturalists constructing them from scant information and specimens remained integral to natural history.
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Boev, Zlatozar, and Ognyan Todorov. "The avian collection of the former Saint Augustine College of the Regional Natural History Museum in Plovdiv." Historia naturalis bulgarica 35 (January 11, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.48027/hnb.35.01001.

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The paper presents a catalogue of bird specimens (dry mounted preserves) survived after the closing (1948) of the former Catholic College “Saint Augustine”. Currently, the studied specimens are kept at the Regional Natural History Museum in Plovdiv. The collection includes a total of 193 species of birds of 81 families and 28 orders, represented by 205 specimens (circa two percent of the recent World avifauna). Over 15 percent of the species have an IUCN conservation status (NT to CR). The most valuable are the following specimens: critically endangered grey-backed myna (Acridotheres tricolor) and two endangered species - echo parakeet (Psittacula eques) and sooty albatross (Phoebetria fusca). This is the 2nd largest collection of exotic birds in Bulgaria.
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Stewart, Alistair. "Becoming-Speckled Warbler: Re/creating Australian Natural History Pedagogy." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 27, no. 1 (2011): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600000082.

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AbstractThe speckled warbler and other woodland birds of south-eastern Australia have declined dramatically since European settlement; many species are at risk of becoming locally and/or nationally extinct. Coincidently, Australian environmental education research of the last decade has largely been silent on the development of pedagogy that refects the natural history of this continent (Stewart, 2006). The current circumstances that face the speckled warbler, I argue, is emblematic of both the state of woodland birds of south-eastern Australia, and the condition of natural history pedagogy within Australian environmental education research. In this paper I employ Deleuze and Guattari's (1987) philosophy “becoming-animal” to explore ways that the life and circumstances of the speckled warbler might inform natural history focused Australian environmental education research. The epistemology and ontology ofbecoming-speckled warbleroffers a basis to reconsider and strengthen links between Australian natural history pedagogy and notions of sustainability.
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Gillespie, Thomas W. "Latitudinal extent and natural history characteristics of birds in Nicaragua." Global Ecology and Biogeography 11, no. 5 (2002): 411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1466-822x.2002.00295.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Birds and Natural History"

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Alison, Jennifer Alison. "From nest building to life-history patterns : does food supplementation influence reproductive behaviour of birds?" Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1351/.

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Supplementary feeding wild birds is a widespread phenomenon. Recently, non-governmental organisations have recommended that the bird-feeding public should feed wild birds throughout the breeding season. Currently, such recommendations are not supported by a large body of research findings to suggest that food supplementation has benefits for breeding birds. To investigate this further I provided two commercially available wild bird foods (peanut cake and mealworms [Tenebrio molitor]) to Blue Tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) and Great Tits (Parus major) breeding in a woodland in Central England from 2007 to 2009. Supplementary feeding significantly advanced nest construction and decreased brood provisioning rates for both species. Supplemented Blue Tits significantly decreased daily incubation activity and increased both the proportion of extra-pair young and proportion of males per brood while supplemented Great Tits decreased incubation recess lengths. Analyses of data from the British Trust for Ornithology’s Nest Record Scheme suggested that probable widespread supplementary feeding of both Blue and Great Tits in urban habitats from 1962 to 2008 influenced breeding parameters across the study period but measuring food availability across wide spatial scales remains problematic. I discuss the implications of my results within an urban garden bird feeding context and provide suggestions for future research.
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D'Angelo, Giulia Bagarolli 1982. "História natural das aves em um parque urbano no Sudeste do Brasil." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314736.

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Orientador: Ivan Sazima
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: O processo de urbanização no Brasil aumenta rapidamente e as áreas verdes fornecem refúgio para a fauna local, na qual as aves são o elemento mais evidente. Aves são agentes importantes de dispersão e polinização, controle de pragas, além de ciclagem de nutrientes e adubação do solo, exercendo diversos serviços ambientais. Embora essas funções possam ser vistas como tendo pouca importância no ambiente urbano, aves apresentam grande mobilidade, o que significa que suas funções podem ser transportadas de uma área verde para outra. Estudamos a história natural das aves em um parque urbano em Campinas, São Paulo. Alimentação, reprodução e repouso foram os focos deste estudo, além de outras atividades como higiene e conforto. As atividades alimentares que observamos seguem, em linhas gerais, o que está relatado na literatura sobre aves brasileiras. Entretanto, observamos alguns fenômenos não relatados ou pouco conhecidos Associações alimentares de aves piscívoras seguindo lontras em atividade de caça não estavam relatadas para América do Sul. Disputa por área de caça entre fêmeas de biguatinga Anhinga anhinga foi outra novidade relacionada à atividade alimentar, assim como a predação de um bivalve asiático invasor por aves aquáticas. A inclusão de uma categoria de presa (répteis) na dieta do sabiá Turdus leucomelas também representou uma novidade. As atividades reprodutivas que observamos no parque também seguem, em linhas gerais, as informações disponíveis na literatura sobre aves brasileiras. Todavia, observamos eventos pouco conhecidos ou não relatados na literatura. A corte do urubu Coragyps atratus está relatada para a América do Norte apenas. Também pouco conhecida é a disputa territorial "simbólica" entre fêmeas do pica-pau Colaptes melanochloros, comportamento relatado para machos de outras espécies. Outra novidade foi a pressão de predação pelo lagarto Salvator merianae em ninhos de aves que nidificam no chão ou em vegetação próxima a margem de lagoa. Atividades de higiene e conforto são bem conhecidas e ilustradas na literatura e acreditamos que não tenhamos observado algum comportamento de higiene e conforto que não esteja relatado, ainda que de passagem, para as aves brasileiras. Estudos sobre história natural de aves proporcionam um conhecimento mais adequado das relações entre as aves, o ambiente urbano e a população humana. Em parques e áreas verdes, as aves representam uma parcela de lazer para a população urbana. O número de observadores de aves aumenta no Brasil e, paralelamente, há uma valorização da conservação ambiental. Portanto, estudos em parques urbanos resultam em conhecimento sobre a avifauna, além de valorizar as áreas verdes e popularizar o conhecimento sobre as aves e a sua importância biológica
Abstract: The urbanization process in Brazil is quickly changing the landscape and so called green areas provide refuge for the local fauna, of which birds are the most conspicuous part. Birds are important agents of plant dispersal and pollination, pest control, as well as nutrient cycling and soil fertilizing, which result in ecosystem services. Although these functions may be viewed as having little or no importance in the urban landscape, birds are highly mobile and their functions may connect several green areas. We studied the natural history of birds in an urban park in Campinas, São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil. We focused on feeding, reproducing, and resting, besides preening and comfort activities. In general, feeding activities we observed followed what is published about Brazilian birds. However, we observed a few little known or until recently unpublished events. Feeding associations of piscivorous birds following foraging otters were unreported for South America. Contests for hunting area between females of the darter Anhinga anhinga was another novelty related to feeding activity, as well as the predation of an Asiatic invasive clam by water birds. Predation of reptiles by the thrush Turdus leucomelas was also a novelty. In general, reproductive activities we observed followed what is published for Brazilian birds. However, we observed a few little known or unpublished behaviors. For example the courtship of the vulture Coragyps atratus is reported for the North America only. Also little known is the territorial "symbolic" contest between females of the woodpecker Colaptes melanochloros, a behavior reported for males of other species. Another novelty was the predation pressure on birds that nest on the ground or bank vegetation by the large lizard Salvator merianae. Preening and comfort behaviors are well known and illustrated in literature and we believe that we did not record any behavior that is not reported in the literature on Brazilian birds, even if en passant. Studies on natural history of birds provide a better knowledge on the relationships between the birds, the urban landscape, and the human population. In urban parks and green areas, birds are part of leisure activities for urban people. The number of birdwatchers is increasing in Brazil and, at the same time, there is a growing awareness of environment conservation among people who are in contact with nature. Therefore, studies on natural history of birds in urban parks and other green areas result in knowledge of the bird fauna, besides increasing the intrinsic value of these environments and making available details of the life of birds and their biological significance
Mestrado
Biodiversidade Animal
Mestra em Biologia Animal
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Jerem, Paul Michael. "Body surface temperature as an indicator of physiological state in wild birds." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2017. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8298/.

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Understanding physiological processes is key to answering the questions of why organisms behave in the way they do, and how they interact with each other, and their environment. Despite technological innovations in recent decades, assessment of physiological state in free-living animals still generally requires subjects to be trapped and handled, so tissues or blood can be sampled, or so measurement devices can be attached or implanted. Such methods limit research to species and individuals that can be caught, potentially restricting the generalisability of findings, and introducing bias. Additionally, natural behaviours are interrupted, and subsequent physiology, behaviour or performance may be altered as a result of the stress of capture, the burden of attached apparatus, or the effects of surgery. Consequently, alternative techniques such as inferring physiological state from traits that do not require invasive sampling would be a valuable development. Body temperature is a particularly promising candidate trait, linked with an array of physiological functions, and having previously been used as a proxy for metabolic activity, stress state and immune challenge. With the advent of low cost, highly portable thermal imaging cameras, physiological ecologists are now presented with unprecedented opportunities to measure body surface temperature non-invasively, and at high frequencies from free-living animals. In this thesis, I investigated relationships between body surface temperatures, measured using thermal imaging from free-living blue tits or captive zebra finches, with physiological measures or situations relevant to the assessment of physiological state. I developed reliable thermal imaging techniques to take non-invasive measurements of body surface temperatures in a variety of contexts, allowing characterisation of physiological responses in real time. My studies of captive birds revealed that activity levels influence body surface temperatures measured from free moving animals, and so should be accounted for in experimental designs. I also successfully acquired body surface temperatures from overwintering blue tits visiting food-baited traps, and from breeding blue tits entering and leaving their nest. Using this data, I showed that body surface temperature exhibits a characteristic response to acute stress, which differs with stressor type. While the mechanisms require explanation, much potentially useful information appears to be stored within body surface temperature dynamics during acute stress. Additionally, I established links between body surface temperature and longer term physiological processes in free-living blue tits. I observed near identical correlations between body surface temperature and body condition across differing seasons and life history stages. Also, I found evidence suggesting both that repeated acute stressors (predation risk and human disturbance) had a chronic effect on body condition breeding blue tits, and that surface temperature in those birds was linked to body condition. If confirmed, these results would be particularly interesting in a conservation physiology context, as it may prove possible to detect a signal of persistent physiological effect(s) relating to human disturbance, non-invasively. Furthermore, my discovery of a further correlation between baseline plasma glucocorticoids and body surface temperature in overwintering birds implies links with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. All of these results combined suggest that body surface temperatures measured using thermal imaging are highly likely to prove useful in determining aspects of physiological state non-invasively from free-living animals. While further investigation and validations are necessary, this work has laid the foundations for an exciting new methodology that could help solve many questions that remain unanswerable using current techniques.
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Grunert, Jonathan David. "Aesthetics for Birds: Institutions, Artist-Naturalists, and Printmakers in American Ornithologies, from Alexander Wilson to John Cassin." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78171.

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In this project I explore the development of bird illustrations in early American natural history publication. I follow three groups in Philadelphia from 1812 to 1858: institutions, artist-naturalists, and printmakers. Each of these groups modeled a certain normative vision of illustration, promoting, producing, and publishing images that reflected their senses of what constituted good illustration. I argue that no single set of actors in this narrative did work that would become the ultimate standard-bearer for ornithological illustration; rather, all of them negotiated the conflicting interests of their own work as positioned against, or alongside, those who had come before. Their diverse intentions, aesthetic and practical, sat prominently in their separate visions of drawing birds; utility, artistry, and feasibility of the images directed the creation of the illustrations. How they used their ideal ways of depicting birds changed the ways that their successors would confront the practice of illustrating birds.
Master of Science
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Harrison, Timothy James Edward. "A curate's egg : feeding birds during reproduction is 'good in parts'. A study of blue tits Cyanistes caeruleus and great tits Parus major." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/590/.

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Food supplementation of birds in gardens is widespread and UK householders have recently been advised to supplement birds throughout the spring and summer. This coincides with reproduction of many avian species and supplementation with specific foods (e.g. live invertebrates) is encouraged to support breeding attempts in gardens. To investigate this further I mimicked food supplementation in gardens by providing two commercial bird foods (peanut cake and mealworms \(Tenebrio\) \( molitor\) to blue tits \(Cyanistes\) \(caeruleus\) and great tits \(Parus\) \(major\) breeding in woodland in central England from 2006 to 2008. Supplementation advanced laying and reduced the number of young fledged significantly in both species, but provisioning with mealworms during the nestling phase increased apparent survival of fledglings. Intriguingly, however, stable isotope analysis revealed that supplement use was insubstantial and similar between birds on supplemented and non-supplemented territories. Analyses of data from the British Trust for Ornithology’s Nest Record Scheme demonstrated strong parallels between findings of my field study and patterns of reproduction of blue and great tits in urban habitats across the UK. I discuss the implications of my findings, including the use of food supplementation in avian conservation and in pure scientific research, and I outline exciting future directions.
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Gussoni, Carlos Otávio Araújo [UNESP]. "Novas informações sobre a história natural da maria-da-restinga (Phylloscartes kronei) (Aves, Tyrannidae)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99487.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
A maria-da-restinga (Phylloscartes kronei) é uma espécie da família Tyrannidae descrita recentemente e considerada como globalmente ameaçada de extinção, cuja história natural é pouco conhecida. Visando preencher parte desta lacuna, o objetivo deste estudo foi de caracterizar o comportamento de forrageamento da maria-da-restinga, descrever os bandos mistos aos quais ela se associa, bem como descrever alguns outros aspectos de sua história natural como seus hábitos alimentares, o comportamento de dormir, insights sobre a biologia reprodutiva, o alcance de vôo, encontros agonísticos interespecíficos e a muda. No período de agosto de 2008 a julho de 2009 foram realizadas excursões mensais ao município de Ilha Comprida (~24º S), Estado de São Paulo. Aliado ao esforço anual mencionado, uma visita ao município de Guaraqueçaba (25º18'S e 48º19'W), Estado do Paraná, foi conduzida entre os dias 25 de julho e 1º de agosto de 2008. Foram coletadas 613 amostras de forrageamento, através de observações diretas com auxílio de binóculos com aumento de 10 vezes. Durante os períodos de coleta de dados sobre o forrageamento da espécie, para cada encontro com a mesma foi anotado se esta se encontrava só, aos pares, em grupos ou associada a bandos mistos de aves. Quando em bandos mistos, foram anotadas todas as espécies ocorrentes, visando caracterizar os bandos aos quais se associa. Para a descrição do hábito alimentar da espécie foram analisados os conteúdos estomacais de cinco exemplares coletados na década de 1990 no Estado do Paraná, tendo sido identificados 116 ítens alimentares. Através da análise dos dados obtidos, conclui-se que P. kronei captura suas presas principalmente em folhas verdes, entre 0,5 e 15m acima do solo, utilizando a manobra “investir-atingir”. Alimenta-se predominantemente de artrópodes, sendo que os insetos das ordens Coleoptera...
The Restinga Tyrannulet (Phylloscartes kronei) is a recently described and globally threatened species of the family Tyrannidae, whose natural history is poorly known. In this study several information on the natural history of P. kronei were gathered such as several aspects on foraging behavior, association with mixed species bird flocks, feeding habits, the description of the roosting behavior, insights on the reproductive biology, the flying range, interespecific agonistic encounters and moulting. From August 2008 to July 2009, data on this species were collected on a monthly basis in Ilha Comprida (~24º S), São Paulo state, Brazil. In addition, a visit to Guaraqueçaba (25º18'S e 48º19'W), Paraná state, was conducted between 25 July and 01 August 2008. A total of 613 foraging maneuvers were gathered by direct observations with the aid of binoculars with 10x magnification. In all meetings with the species it was reported if individuals were alone, in pairs, in groups or associated with mixed species bird flocks. When mixed species flocks with Restinga Tyrannulets were observed, all species in the flock were identified. Five stomach contents collected in the 1990s in Paraná state were evaluated and 116 food items were identified. The Restinga Tyrannulet captures preys mainly with sally-strikes in green leaves between 0.5 and 15m above the ground. This species feeds mainly on arthropods, especially Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. The observed foraging behaviors and feeding habits were similar to the ones observed in other species of Phylloscartes, but new food items are described for this genus: Anobiidae (Coleoptera), Coccinelidae (Coleoptera), Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera), Microhymenoptera and two species of fruits (Clusia criuva and Ternstroemia brasiliensis). P. kronei is a sporadic follower of mixed species bird flocks, which had the inclusion of 25 species on their compositions... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Gussoni, Carlos Otávio Araújo. "Novas informações sobre a história natural da maria-da-restinga (Phylloscartes kronei) (Aves, Tyrannidae) /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99487.

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Orientador: Marcos César de Oliveira Santos
Banca: Marco Aurelio Pizo Ferreira
Banca: Pedro Ferreira Develey
Resumo: A maria-da-restinga (Phylloscartes kronei) é uma espécie da família Tyrannidae descrita recentemente e considerada como globalmente ameaçada de extinção, cuja história natural é pouco conhecida. Visando preencher parte desta lacuna, o objetivo deste estudo foi de caracterizar o comportamento de forrageamento da maria-da-restinga, descrever os bandos mistos aos quais ela se associa, bem como descrever alguns outros aspectos de sua história natural como seus hábitos alimentares, o comportamento de dormir, insights sobre a biologia reprodutiva, o alcance de vôo, encontros agonísticos interespecíficos e a muda. No período de agosto de 2008 a julho de 2009 foram realizadas excursões mensais ao município de Ilha Comprida (~24º S), Estado de São Paulo. Aliado ao esforço anual mencionado, uma visita ao município de Guaraqueçaba (25º18'S e 48º19'W), Estado do Paraná, foi conduzida entre os dias 25 de julho e 1º de agosto de 2008. Foram coletadas 613 amostras de forrageamento, através de observações diretas com auxílio de binóculos com aumento de 10 vezes. Durante os períodos de coleta de dados sobre o forrageamento da espécie, para cada encontro com a mesma foi anotado se esta se encontrava só, aos pares, em grupos ou associada a bandos mistos de aves. Quando em bandos mistos, foram anotadas todas as espécies ocorrentes, visando caracterizar os bandos aos quais se associa. Para a descrição do hábito alimentar da espécie foram analisados os conteúdos estomacais de cinco exemplares coletados na década de 1990 no Estado do Paraná, tendo sido identificados 116 ítens alimentares. Através da análise dos dados obtidos, conclui-se que P. kronei captura suas presas principalmente em folhas verdes, entre 0,5 e 15m acima do solo, utilizando a manobra "investir-atingir". Alimenta-se predominantemente de artrópodes, sendo que os insetos das ordens Coleoptera... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The Restinga Tyrannulet (Phylloscartes kronei) is a recently described and globally threatened species of the family Tyrannidae, whose natural history is poorly known. In this study several information on the natural history of P. kronei were gathered such as several aspects on foraging behavior, association with mixed species bird flocks, feeding habits, the description of the roosting behavior, insights on the reproductive biology, the flying range, interespecific agonistic encounters and moulting. From August 2008 to July 2009, data on this species were collected on a monthly basis in Ilha Comprida (~24º S), São Paulo state, Brazil. In addition, a visit to Guaraqueçaba (25º18'S e 48º19'W), Paraná state, was conducted between 25 July and 01 August 2008. A total of 613 foraging maneuvers were gathered by direct observations with the aid of binoculars with 10x magnification. In all meetings with the species it was reported if individuals were alone, in pairs, in groups or associated with mixed species bird flocks. When mixed species flocks with Restinga Tyrannulets were observed, all species in the flock were identified. Five stomach contents collected in the 1990s in Paraná state were evaluated and 116 food items were identified. The Restinga Tyrannulet captures preys mainly with sally-strikes in green leaves between 0.5 and 15m above the ground. This species feeds mainly on arthropods, especially Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. The observed foraging behaviors and feeding habits were similar to the ones observed in other species of Phylloscartes, but new food items are described for this genus: Anobiidae (Coleoptera), Coccinelidae (Coleoptera), Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera), Microhymenoptera and two species of fruits (Clusia criuva and Ternstroemia brasiliensis). P. kronei is a sporadic follower of mixed species bird flocks, which had the inclusion of 25 species on their compositions... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Buffington, Nancy Jane. "From freedom to slavery: Robert Montgomery Bird and the natural law tradition." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282827.

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This dissertation explicates the rhetoric of liberty and slavery in the novels of Robert Montgomery Bird (1805-54). Bird, now largely forgotten and ignored, was prolific, popular, and at the center of Philadelphia culture and national politics from the 1830s until his death. His work represents a particularly clear intersection of political ideology and fiction at a time of cultural growth and conflict. Like many of his contemporaries, Bird saw his fiction as fulfilling a patriotic mission as he attempted to define and defend the nation's history, emergent identity, and contemporary political agenda. It is this mission, evident in his countless meditations on rights and rebellion, freedom and slavery, captivity and bondage, that I explore. Despite repeated scenes of unjust captivity, Bird's eloquent celebrations of liberty, ultimately work to deny the freedoms they evoke, rationalizing instead the conquest of indigenous populations, slavery, and national expansion. This analysis of Bird's rhetoric of freedom is grounded in an exploration of the natural law tradition. I trace the evolution of this philosophy from 17th-century England to its conservative manifestations in antebellum America. Within this context, Bird's conservative reworking of terms such as "freedom," "slavery" and "rights" is neither new nor unusual, but constitutes merely one episode in the ongoing adaptation of such terms in natural law. Natural law emerges as an exceedingly pliable theory, capable of serving both radical and conservative agendas, rebellion and the maintenance of the status quo, the defense and the denial of rights. In addition to natural law, my discussion of Bird's eight novels explores literary traditions from the historical romance to the captivity narrative to the satire, and historical contexts from the Spanish conquest of Mexico to 18th-century American frontier struggles to Southern slavery. I also place Bird's fiction into the context of contemporary political discourses, including proslavery and abolitionist ideologies, the discussion of Indian removals, and debates over national expansion. Finally, I substantiate my conclusions with original research from the University of Pennsylvania's archives of Bird's manuscripts, notebooks, letters, and political journalism.
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Gussoni, Carlos Otávio Araújo [UNESP]. "Área de vida e biologia reprodutiva da maria-da-restinga (Phylloscartes kronei) (Aves, Tyrannidae)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/122036.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Fundação Grupo Boticário de Proteção à Natureza
A maria-da-restinga (Phylloscartes kronei) é um tiranídeo globalmente ameaçada de extinção, cuja história natural é pouco conhecida. Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever sua área de vida, território e biologia reprodutiva. Foram capturados e marcados com anilhas coloridas 32 indivíduos no município de Guaratuba, PR. De janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2013 foram realizados 211 dias de observações. A área de vida dos indivíduos foi de 1,76 ± 0,93 ha e a dos casais 2,52 ± 1,91 ha, havendo extensa sobreposição nestas áreas. Não houve diferença nas áreas de vida de machos e fêmeas e entre a área de vida dos indivíduos e casais em 2012 e 2013. Houve diferença nas áreas de vida dos indivíduos dentro e fora do período reprodutivo apenas em 2012. O tamanho da área de vida dos casais não variou dentro e fora do período reprodutivo. O tamanho de território foi determinado para dois casais: 0,68 e 0,46 ha. A densidade populacional em 21 ha foi de 1,04 casais/ha. Os primeiros sinais de reprodução ocorreram em setembro e os últimos em janeiro. Os ninhos foram construídos entre 0,72 e 3 m acima do solo, sendo fechados e ovalados. Foram construídos internamente de folhas secas de gramíneas e forrados externamente por musgos verdes, sendo os materiais colados com teia-de-aranha e a câmara oológica forrada com sementes plumosas. A taxa de predação dos ninhos foi de 60% e o Sucesso de Mayfield para o período de incubação foi de 42,42%. Um dos casais que teve o ninho predado construiu outro a 52 m de distância do anterior, que foi igualmente predado, sendo o terceiro construído a 93 m de distância do último. Outro casal, que teve seu ninho predado, construiu outro a 51 m de distância. A construção durou aproximadamente 19 dias e foi tarefa exclusiva das fêmeas. O tamanho da postura foi de dois a três ovos brancos (15,9–16,8 mm x 12,7–13,1 mm). A incubação foi tarefa exclusiva das fêmeas e durou...
Little is known about natural history of the globally threatened Restinga Tyrannulet (Phylloscartes kronei). This work aimed to describe its home range and territory, and collect new information about its breeding biology. We captured and banded with coloured bands 28 individuals at Reserva Bicudinho-do-brejo (Guaratuba, PR) and four at Parque Natural Municipal da Lagoa do Parado. Field work was conducted monthly from January 2012 to December 2013, comprising 211 days of field observations. The individuals home range size was 1.76 ± 0.93 ha and the home range size of pairs was 2.52 ± 1.91 ha. There weren´t differences between the home range size of males and females and the home range size of individuals and pairs throughout the study. In 2012 we found different home range size of the individuals inside and outside the breeding season, whereas this was not observed in 2013. The home range size of pairs did not vary inside and outside the breeding season. We found extensive overlapping on home range. The territory size was recorded for two adjacent pairs: 0.68 and 0.46 ha. We surveyed individuals in a 21 ha area and obtained a density of 1.04 pairs/ha. The breeding season started in September and the last signs of reproduction were recorded in January. Nests were built between 0.72 and 3 m above the ground. All nests were closed ovoids internally built with dry leaves and externally lined with green mosses. The materials were glued with spider web and the oological chamber lined with soft seeds. The predation rate was 60% and the Mayfield success for the incubation period was 42.42%. One pair whose nest was predated built another nest 52 meters away. The second nest was predated and the pair built another one 93 meters away. Other pair whose nest was predated built a new nest 51 meters away. It took about 19 days to build the nests and they were all made by females. The clutch size varies from 2 to 3 white eggs (15.9 – 16.8 mm x...
FAPESP: 2010/09707-1
Fundação Grupo Boticário de Proteção à Natureza: 0911-20112
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Ross, Jeremy D. "The Evolutionary History, Demographic Independence and Conservation Status of Two North American Prairie Bird Species: The Greater Prairie Chicken and the Lark Sparrow." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1303855437.

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Books on the topic "Birds and Natural History"

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Holmgren, Virginia C. Owls in folklore & natural history. Borgo Press, 1989.

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Stap, Don. Birdsong: [a natural history]. RB Large Print, 2005.

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Gavira, Angeles, and Glenda Fernandes, eds. RSPB Pocket Birds. Dorling Kindersley, 2009.

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1954-, Woodward John, and Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, eds. RSPB pocket birds. Dorling Kindersley, 2003.

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International Council for Bird Preservation. Pan American Continental Section. and Companhia Vale do Rio Doce., eds. Birds in Brazil: A natural history. Princeton University Press, 1993.

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Burnie, David. Birds. DK Pub., 2012.

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Seabirds of Hawaii: Natural history and conservation. Comstock Pub. Associates, 1990.

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Owls in folklore & natural history. Capra Press, 1988.

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Parish, Jolyon C. The Dodo and the Solitaire: A Natural History. Indiana University Press, 2013.

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Sparks, John. Owls: Their natural and unnatural history. Facts on File, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Birds and Natural History"

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Smith, Justin E. H. "Birds, Natural History of." In Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_159-1.

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Smith, Justin E. H. "Birds, Natural History of." In Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31069-5_159.

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Vuilleumier, François. "13. The Origin of High Andean Birds." In The Natural History Reader in Evolution, edited by Niles Eldredge. Columbia University Press, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/eldr92092-019.

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Estades, Cristián F., M. Angélica Vukasovic, and Juan Aguirre. "Birds in Coastal Wetlands of Chile." In The Ecology and Natural History of Chilean Saltmarshes. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63877-5_3.

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Hammel, Tanja. "Barber’s World of Birds As a Space of Gender Equality." In Shaping Natural History and Settler Society. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22639-8_8.

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Major, Richard E. "Using museum collections and community surveys to monitor change in the birds of Sydney." In The Natural History of Sydney. Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/fs.2010.019.

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Hutterer, Rainer, and Till Töpfer. "Dioramas of Marine Bird Colonies: History, Design, and Educational Importance." In Natural History Dioramas – Traditional Exhibits for Current Educational Themes. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00175-9_5.

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Moschetti, Giancarlo, Antonio Alfonzo, and Nicola Francesca. "Yeasts in Birds." In Yeasts in Natural Ecosystems: Diversity. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62683-3_14.

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Frasca, Simona. "History." In Italian Birds of Passage. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137322425_9.

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Lumeij, J. T. "Birds." In Medical History and Physical Examination in Companion Animals. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0459-3_26.

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Conference papers on the topic "Birds and Natural History"

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AbdalKhabir Ali, Ali, and Hajar Salah Auda. "The effect of marsh draining on biodiversity." In Peacebuilding and Genocide Prevention. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicpgp/64.

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"The marsh represents a rare natural environment of its kind for a number of reasons. First, the marshes were the cradle of the Sumerian civilization and an environment that embraces a unique biodiversity. Its geography and vast area, which is equivalent to the size of a country like Lebanon, made it a resting place and provided food and reproduction for migratory birds. It is worthy of being included in the World Heritage List as one of the treasures of the world that must be preserved, but unfortunately, the Iraqi marshes have not been subjected throughout history to extensive and systematic drying operations, which reached 95% of their total area, as they were exposed to during the era of the previous dictatorial regime in the nineties of last century, which led to the emergence of a number of environmental problems that collectively led to the disruption of natural ecological balance through the loss of the ability to achieve the environmental balance and causing biological diversity damage . This is as a result of the lack of incoming water resources and the high percentage of salinity and pollution, which caused the death of huge numbers of wildlife and aquatic life, as well as the extinction of large numbers of them, causing a mass migration of the population of those areas to other areas that provide them with a minimum standard of decent living after they lost their main sources of livelihood represented by fishing and raising animals. The paper aims to present a study on the impact of the widespread and systematic drying stages that began after the Iran-Iraq war in the eighties of last century and culminated in the nineties, bringing the percentage of the remaining water from the marshes to 5% in 2002, and the extent of its impact on the destruction of the environment and biodiversity, which includes humans and animals, as well as migratory birds from Siberia to the Indian subcontinent, which lost their habitats and places for laying eggs and breeding. It will also present a number of solutions that will help reduce the environmental degradation that the marshes have been exposed to."
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Krus, Petter, and Petter Krus. "Natural methods for flight stability in birds." In 1997 World Aviation Congress. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1997-5653.

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Stork, Lise, Andreas Weber, Eulalia Gasso Miracle, and Katherine Wolstencroft. "Linking natural history collections." In 2018 IEEE 14th International Conference on e-Science (e-Science). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/escience.2018.00113.

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Naskrecki, Piotr. "The science of natural history." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.94360.

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Walker, Sara Imari. "The Natural History of Information." In The 2020 Conference on Artificial Life. MIT Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isal_a_00355.

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Zakharova, A. V., and N. A. Tikhomirova. "NATURAL DYES: HISTORY AND MODER." In Месмахеровские чтения - 2022. Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургская государственная художественно-промышленная академия имени А.Л. Штиглица», 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54874/9785604789377_122.

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Lipps, Jere H. "NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUMS CONFRONTING SCIENTIFIC ILLITERACY." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-286850.

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Lovetskiy, Gennady, Viktor Kosushkin, and Pavel Samylov. "Natural History Knowledge and Social Processes." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Ecological Studies (CESSES 2019). Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/cesses-19.2019.314.

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Schizas, Constantin. "Lumbar Spondylosis: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Natural History." In eccElearning Postgraduate Diploma in Spine Surgery. eccElearning, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.28962/01.3.049.

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Pizones, Javier. "Idiopathic Scoliosis and Its Natural History." In eccElearning Postgraduate Diploma in Spine Surgery. eccElearning, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.28962/01.3.086.

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Reports on the topic "Birds and Natural History"

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Muxo, Robert, Kevin Whelan, Raul Urgelles, Joaquin Alonso, Judd Patterson, and Andrea Atkinson. Biscayne National Park colonial nesting birds monitoring protocol—Version 1.1. National Park Service, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2290141.

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Breeding colonies of wading birds (orders Ciconiiformes, Pelecaniformes) and seabirds (orders Suliformes, Pelecaniformes) serve as important indicators of aquatic ecosystem health, as they respond to changes in food abundance and quality, contaminants, invasive species, and disturbance. The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan, Restoration Coordination & Verification program (CERP-RECOVER) has identified wading-bird colonies as an important ecosystem restoration indicator. The National Park Service South Florida/Caribbean Inventory & Monitoring Network (SFCN) ranked colonial nesting birds eighth out of 44 vital signs of park natural resource conditions for ecological significance and feasibility. However, while large-scale monitoring efforts are occurring in the rest of the Greater Everglades Ecosystem, only minimal historic data collection and no extensive ongoing monitoring of wading bird and seabird nesting have occurred in Biscayne National Park. Consequently, due to their high importance as biological indicators and because they are a gap occurring in regional monitoring efforts, the network has initiated a monitoring program of colonial nesting birds in Biscayne National Park. This protocol provides the rationale, approach, and detailed Standard Operating Procedures for annual colonial bird monitoring within and close to Biscayne National Park and conforms to the Oakley et al. (2003) guidelines for National Park Service long-term monitoring protocols. The specific objectives of this monitoring program are to determine status and long-term trends in: Numbers and locations of active colonies of colonial nesting birds with a special focus on Double-crested Cormorants, Great Egrets, Great White Herons, Great Blue Herons, White Ibises, and Roseate Spoonbills. Annual peak active nest counts of colonial nesting birds in Biscayne National Park with a special focus on the species mentioned above. An annual nesting index (i.e., sum of monthly nest counts) with a special focus on the species mentioned above. Timing of peak nest counts for the focal species.
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Antonov, Volodymyr. Natural history BBC documentaries: history and functions. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11402.

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This scientific article studies natural history documentaries produced by BBC and traces important stages of the development of the attitude towards such genre as natural history documentary. This research is about understanding why this kind of programmes is important, particularly for Ukrainians, and why we should study the genre thoroughly, including the BBC’s experience in the field. Accordingly, the main objectives of the study were: 1. To substantiate the necessity for Ukrainian scholars to study natural history documentaries and BBC’s experience in the field. 2. To trace back and describe the main stages of development in the sphere of producing natural history documentaries by British Broadcasting Corporation. 3. To analyze the obstacles which modern journalists, filmmakers are dealing with and to draw attention of Ukrainian specialists to those philosophical questions that modern era is searching for answers to. In the result of the research these main tasks which were outlined above were fulfilled. The author of this article concluded that natural history documentaries help to understand our place in the world we live in. In addition, through the shared environment we can feel unity with those who inhabit our region, country, inhabited it before, will inhabit in future. Documentaries help us understand who we are. And this function of identification is very important for contemporary Ukraine. To understand how to create proper natural history documentary it’s important to learn the global history of creating such programmes and especially that part which covers BBC’s achievements. The achievements of the corporation which gave birth to such prominent figure as David Attenborough. In addition to this, the article described some modern challenges which documentary makers face and those questions which contemporary society needs to have answered. Because you cannot create a proper natural history programme if you know past but do not know modern challenges. To sum up, the topic which is deeply connected with process of self-identification is very important and perspective for Ukrainian society which suffers hybrid war and endeavours of Russian Federation to assimilate Ukrainian people, Ukrainian culture.
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Korf, Bruce R. Natural History of Plexiform Neurofibromas in NF1. Defense Technical Information Center, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada395530.

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Korf, Bruce R. Natural History of Plexiform Neurofibromas in NF1. Defense Technical Information Center, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada400083.

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Slattery, William H., and III. Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2) Natural History Consortium. Defense Technical Information Center, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada434786.

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Korf, Bruce R. Natural History of Plexiform Neurofibromas in NF1. Defense Technical Information Center, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada412152.

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Slattery, William H., and III. Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2) Natural History Consortium. Defense Technical Information Center, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada414115.

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Slattery, William. Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2) Natural History Consortium. Defense Technical Information Center, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada425862.

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Korf, Bruce R. Natural History of Plexiform Neurofibromas in NF1. Defense Technical Information Center, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada391019.

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Korf, Bruce R. Natural History of Plexiform Neurofibromas in NF1. Defense Technical Information Center, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada475259.

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