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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Birds, arctic regions

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Academic literature on the topic 'Birds, arctic regions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Birds, arctic regions"

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Bairlein, Franz, D. Ryan Norris, Rolf Nagel, Marc Bulte, Christian C. Voigt, James W. Fox, David J. T. Hussell, and Heiko Schmaljohann. "Cross-hemisphere migration of a 25 g songbird." Biology Letters 8, no. 4 (February 15, 2012): 505–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2011.1223.

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The northern wheatear ( Oenanthe oenanthe ) is a small (approx. 25 g), insectivorous migrant with one of the largest ranges of any songbird in the world, breeding from the eastern Canadian Arctic across Greenland, Eurasia and into Alaska (AK). However, there is no evidence that breeding populations in the New World have established overwintering sites in the Western Hemisphere. Using light-level geolocators, we demonstrate that individuals from these New World regions overwinter in northern sub-Sahara Africa, with Alaskan birds travelling approximately 14 500 km each way and an eastern Canadian Arctic bird crossing a wide stretch of the North Atlantic (approx. 3500 km). These remarkable journeys, particularly for a bird of this size, last between one to three months depending on breeding location and season (autumn/spring) and result in mean overall migration speeds of up to 290 km d −1 . Stable-hydrogen isotope analysis of winter-grown feathers sampled from breeding birds generally support the notion that Alaskan birds overwinter primarily in eastern Africa and eastern Canadian Arctic birds overwinter mainly in western Africa. Our results provide the first evidence of a migratory songbird capable of linking African ecosystems of the Old World with Arctic regions of the New World.

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McFarlane Tranquilla, Laura, April Hedd, Chantelle Burke, William A. Montevecchi, Paul M. Regular, Gregory J. Robertson, Leslie Ann Stapleton, Sabina I. Wilhelm, David A. Fifield, and Alejandro D. Buren. "High Arctic sea ice conditions influence marine birds wintering in Low Arctic regions." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 89, no. 1 (September 2010): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2010.06.003.

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Gass, Jonathon, Hunter Kellogg, Nichola Hill, Wendy Puryear, Felicia Nutter, and Jonathan Runstadler. "Epidemiology and Ecology of Influenza A Viruses among Wildlife in the Arctic." Viruses 14, no. 7 (July 13, 2022): 1531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14071531.

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Arctic regions are ecologically significant for the environmental persistence and geographic dissemination of influenza A viruses (IAVs) by avian hosts and other wildlife species. Data describing the epidemiology and ecology of IAVs among wildlife in the arctic are less frequently published compared to southern temperate regions, where prevalence and subtype diversity are more routinely documented. Following PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review addresses this gap by describing the prevalence, spatiotemporal distribution, and ecological characteristics of IAVs detected among wildlife and the environment in this understudied region of the globe. The literature search was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar using a set of pre-defined search terms to identify publications reporting on IAVs in Arctic regions between 1978 and February 2022. A total of 2125 articles were initially screened, 267 were assessed for eligibility, and 71 articles met inclusion criteria. IAVs have been detected in multiple wildlife species in all Arctic regions, including seabirds, shorebirds, waterfowl, seals, sea lions, whales, and terrestrial mammals, and in the environment. Isolates from wild birds comprise the majority of documented viruses derived from wildlife; however, among all animals and environmental matrices, 26 unique low and highly pathogenic subtypes have been characterized in the scientific literature from Arctic regions. Pooled prevalence across studies indicates 4.23% for wild birds, 3.42% among tested environmental matrices, and seroprevalences of 9.29% and 1.69% among marine and terrestrial mammals, respectively. Surveillance data are geographically biased, with most data from the Alaskan Arctic and many fewer reports from the Russian, Canadian, North Atlantic, and Western European Arctic. We highlight multiple important aspects of wildlife host, pathogen, and environmental ecology of IAVs in Arctic regions, including the role of avian migration and breeding cycles for the global spread of IAVs, evidence of inter-species and inter-continental reassortment at high latitudes, and how climate change-driven ecosystem shifts, including changes in the seasonal availability and distribution of dietary resources, have the potential to alter host–pathogen–environment dynamics in Arctic regions. We conclude by identifying gaps in knowledge and propose priorities for future research.

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Divoky, G. J., D. C. Douglas, and I. J. Stenhouse. "Arctic sea ice a major determinant in Mandt's black guillemot movement and distribution during non-breeding season." Biology Letters 12, no. 9 (September 2016): 20160275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0275.

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Mandt's black guillemot ( Cepphus grylle mandtii ) is one of the few seabirds associated in all seasons with Arctic sea ice, a habitat that is changing rapidly. Recent decreases in summer ice have reduced breeding success and colony size of this species in Arctic Alaska. Little is known about the species' movements and distribution during the nine month non-breeding period (September–May), when changes in sea ice extent and composition are also occurring and predicted to continue. To examine bird movements and the seasonal role of sea ice to non-breeding Mandt's black guillemots, we deployed and recovered ( n = 45) geolocators on individuals at a breeding colony in Arctic Alaska during 2011–2015. Black guillemots moved north to the marginal ice zone (MIZ) in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas immediately after breeding, moved south to the Bering Sea during freeze-up in December, and wintered in the Bering Sea January–April. Most birds occupied the MIZ in regions averaging 30–60% sea ice concentration, with little seasonal variation. Birds regularly roosted on ice in all seasons averaging 5 h d −1 , primarily at night. By using the MIZ, with its roosting opportunities and associated prey, black guillemots can remain in the Arctic during winter when littoral waters are completely covered by ice.

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Kleinschmidt, Birgit, Monika Dorsch, Stefan Heinänen, Julius Morkūnas, Yvonne R. Schumm, Ramūnas Žydelis, and Petra Quillfeldt. "Prevalence of Haemosporidian Parasites in an Arctic Breeding Seabird Species—The Red-Throated Diver (Gavia stellata)." Microorganisms 10, no. 11 (October 29, 2022): 2147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112147.

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Haemosporida, vector-transmitted blood parasites, can have various effects and may also exert selection pressures on their hosts. In this study we analyse the presence of Haemosporida in a previously unstudied migratory seabird species, the red-throated diver Gavia stellata. Red-throated divers were sampled during winter and spring in the eastern German Bight (North Sea). We used molecular methods and data from a related tracking study to reveal (i) if red-throated divers are infected with Haemosporida of the genera Leucocytozoon, Plasmodium and Haemoproteus, and (ii) how infection and prevalence are linked with the breeding regions of infected individuals. Divers in this study were assigned to western Palearctic breeding grounds, namely Greenland, Svalbard, Norway and Arctic Russia. We found a prevalence of Leucocytozoon of 11.0% in all birds sampled (n = 45), of 33.0% in birds breeding in Norway (n = 3) and of 8.3% in birds breeding in Arctic Russia (n = 25). For two birds that were infected no breeding regions could be assigned. We identified two previously unknown lineages, one each of Plasmodium and Leucocytozoon. Haemosporida have not been detected in birds from Greenland (n = 2) and Svalbard (n = 2). In summary, this study presents the first record of Haemosporida in red-throated divers and reports a new lineage of each, Plasmodium and Leucocytozoon GAVSTE01 and GAVSTE02, respectively.

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Egevang, Carsten, Iain J. Stenhouse, Richard A. Phillips, Aevar Petersen, James W. Fox, and Janet R. D. Silk. "Tracking of Arctic terns Sterna paradisaea reveals longest animal migration." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, no. 5 (January 11, 2010): 2078–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0909493107.

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The study of long-distance migration provides insights into the habits and performance of organisms at the limit of their physical abilities. The Arctic tern Sterna paradisaea is the epitome of such behavior; despite its small size (<125 g), banding recoveries and at-sea surveys suggest that its annual migration from boreal and high Arctic breeding grounds to the Southern Ocean may be the longest seasonal movement of any animal. Our tracking of 11 Arctic terns fitted with miniature (1.4-g) geolocators revealed that these birds do indeed travel huge distances (more than 80,000 km annually for some individuals). As well as confirming the location of the main wintering region, we also identified a previously unknown oceanic stopover area in the North Atlantic used by birds from at least two breeding populations (from Greenland and Iceland). Although birds from the same colony took one of two alternative southbound migration routes following the African or South American coast, all returned on a broadly similar, sigmoidal trajectory, crossing from east to west in the Atlantic in the region of the equatorial Intertropical Convergence Zone. Arctic terns clearly target regions of high marine productivity both as stopover and wintering areas, and exploit prevailing global wind systems to reduce flight costs on long-distance commutes.

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Appenroth, Daniel, Vebjørn J. Melum, Alexander C. West, Hugues Dardente, David G. Hazlerigg, and Gabriela C. Wagner. "Photoperiodic induction without light-mediated circadian entrainment in a High Arctic resident bird." Journal of Experimental Biology 223, no. 16 (June 25, 2020): jeb220699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.220699.

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ABSTRACTOrganisms use changes in photoperiod to anticipate and exploit favourable conditions in a seasonal environment. While species living at temperate latitudes receive day length information as a year-round input, species living in the Arctic may spend as much as two-thirds of the year without experiencing dawn or dusk. This suggests that specialised mechanisms may be required to maintain seasonal synchrony in polar regions. Svalbard ptarmigan (Lagopus muta hyperborea) are resident at 74–81°N latitude. They spend winter in constant darkness (DD) and summer in constant light (LL); extreme photoperiodic conditions under which they do not display overt circadian rhythms. Here, we explored how Arctic adaptation in circadian biology affects photoperiodic time measurement in captive Svalbard ptarmigan. For this purpose, DD-adapted birds, showing no circadian behaviour, either remained in prolonged DD, were transferred into a simulated natural photoperiod (SNP) or were transferred directly into LL. Birds transferred from DD to LL exhibited a strong photoperiodic response in terms of activation of the hypothalamic thyrotropin-mediated photoperiodic response pathway. This was assayed through expression of the Eya3, Tshβ and deiodinase genes, as well as gonadal development. While transfer to SNP established synchronous diurnal activity patterns, activity in birds transferred from DD to LL showed no evidence of circadian rhythmicity. These data show that the Svalbard ptarmigan does not require circadian entrainment to develop a photoperiodic response involving conserved molecular elements found in temperate species. Further studies are required to define how exactly Arctic adaptation modifies seasonal timer mechanisms.

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Volkov, A. E., and J. de Korte. "Protected nature areas in the Russian Arctic." Polar Record 30, no. 175 (October 1994): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400024566.

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ABSTRACTThe protected nature area system in Russia is well developed in general, although not as well in the Arctic. On 1 January 1994 the total area of all types of Arctic reserves covered about 19.7 million ha, comprising about 10.2% of the area of the Russian Arctic. There are five categories of protected nature areas: strict nature reserwes (zapovedniki), national nature parks (natsional'nyye parki), nature monuments (pamyatniki prirody), special purpose reserves (zakazniki), and nature-ethnic parks (prirodno-etnicheskiye parki). The system of the zapovednik is unique. The oldest strict nature reserve in the Arctic is Kandalakshskiy (1939). Other major nature reserves include Ostrov Vrangelya (created in 1976), Taymyrskiy (1979), Ust-Lenskiy (1985), and Bol'shoy Arkticheskiy (1993). The first nature-ethnic park in the Arctic, Beringiya, was established in 1993. Because of the unstable economic and political situation in Russia, the nature protection system has a difficult time. Furthermore, the legal structure that defines the purpose of and responsibility for these areas is sometimes not completely clear, and a great deal is dependent on presidential decrees that, through time, have limited validity. The cooperation of Russian, western European, and North American scientists who study birds breeding in the Russian Arctic and migration patterns to temperate regions could give major support to the nature re-serves in the Russian Arctic.

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Cardozo, Sergian Vianna, Bruno Pereira Berto, Inês Caetano, André Thomás, Marcos Santos, Isabel Pereira da Fonseca, and Carlos Wilson Gomes Lopes. "Coccidian parasites from birds at rehabilitation centers in Portugal, with notes on Avispora bubonis in Old World." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 28, no. 2 (April 2019): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612019023.

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Abstract Portugal has some rehabilitation centers for wild animals, which are responsible for the rehabilitation and reintroduction of birds, among other animals, into the wild. Coccidian parasites of these wild birds in rehabilitation centers are especially important because these centers can introduce coccidian species into new environments through the reintroduction of their respective hosts. In this context, the current study aimed to identify intestinal coccidia from wild birds at two rehabilitation centers for wild animals located in two municipalities of Portugal. Eighty-nine wild birds of 9 orders and 11 families were sampled, of which 22 (25%) were positive for Coccidia. Avispora spp. were found in raptors. Sporocysts of Sarcocystinae subfamily were recovered from owls. An Isospora sp. was found in Turdus merula Linnaeus, 1758, and an Eimeria sp. was found in Fulica atra Linnaeus, 1758. Among the coccidian species, Avispora bubonis (Cawthorn, Stockdale, 1981) can be highlighted. The finding of this species indicates that transmission of coccidians from the New World to the Old World may be occurring, potentially through dispersion by Bubo scandiacus (Linnaeus, 1758) through Arctic regions or by means of anthropic activities, and/or through other unknown mechanisms.

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Flemming, Scott A., Anna Calvert, Erica Nol, and Paul A. Smith. "Do hyperabundant Arctic-nesting geese pose a problem for sympatric species?" Environmental Reviews 24, no. 4 (December 2016): 393–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2016-0007.

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Arctic-breeding geese are at record high population levels and are causing significant changes to some of their breeding and staging habitats. These changes could influence sympatric wildlife, but the nature and strength of these effects are unknown. Here, we review the interactions between geese and sympatric species and propose future research that could help to fill important knowledge gaps. We suggest that geese may be indirectly affecting other species through changes to nesting habitat, prey availability, and predator–prey interactions. Many ground-nesting Arctic birds prefer vegetated wet tundra habitats that offer concealed nest sites; areas also heavily used by breeding and staging geese. Where goose foraging exceeds the capacity of the plants to regenerate, habitats have shorter graminoids and more exposed substrate, potentially reducing the availability of concealed nest sites for other birds. Studies have documented local reductions in the abundance of these concealed-nesting species, such as shorebirds. Despite the nutrient enrichment contributed by goose feces, habitats heavily altered by geese have also been shown to host a reduced diversity and abundance of some invertebrate groups. In contrast, generalist predators show positive functional and numerical responses to the presence of breeding geese. Therefore, the risk of predation for alternative or incidental prey (e.g., lemmings or small bird nests) is likely elevated within or near breeding colonies. Studies have demonstrated a reduced abundance of small mammals in areas heavily used by geese, but it is unknown whether this is related to shared predators or habitat alteration. Sympatric wildlife could be further affected through higher stress-levels, altered body condition, or other physiological effects, but there is currently no evidence to demonstrate such impacts. Few studies have explored the potential effects of geese at larger spatial scales, but we suggest that hyperabundant geese could result in regional declines in the abundance and diversity of shorebirds and passerines. We recommend coordinated studies across multiple regions to quantify nesting habitat, arthropod communities, and predator–prey interactions in response to nearby goose colonies. To align with current multispecies approaches to conservation, adequate knowledge of the potential effects of hyperabundant goose populations on other wildlife should be a priority.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Birds, arctic regions"

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Jonaitis, Lauren A. "Using Roadkill as a Lens to Understand Animal Movement and Mortality." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1497912666154545.

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Books on the topic "Birds, arctic regions"

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In search of arctic birds. London: T & A.D. Poyser, 1992.

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Darling, Kathy. Arctic babies. New York: Walker, 1996.

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Islands beyond the horizon: The life of twenty of the world's most remote places. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.

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Aston, Dianna Hutts. Loony Little. Cambridge, Mass: Candlewick Press, 2003.

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Georgette, Susan. Subsistence use of birds in the Northwest Arctic region, Alaska. Juneau, Alaska: Alaska Dept. of Fish and Game, Division of Subsistence, 2000.

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Georgette, Susan. Subsistence use of birds in the Northwest Arctic region, Alaska. Juneau, Alaska: Alaska Dept. of Fish and Game, Division of Subsistence, 2000.

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Hines, James Edward. Spring and fall distribution of waterfowl and other aquatic birds on the mainland of the Inuvialuit settlement region, western Canadian Arctic, 1990-98. [Yellowknife, N.W.T.]: Canadian Wildlife Service, 2004.

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Archie the daredevil penguin. New York: Penguin Publishing Group, 2015.

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Irving, L. Arctic Life of Birds and Mammals. Springer, 2014.

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Irving, L. Arctic Life of Birds and Mammals: Including Man. Springer London, Limited, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Birds, arctic regions"

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Moore, Sue E., Elizabeth Logerwell, Lisa Eisner, Edward V. Farley, Lois A. Harwood, Kathy Kuletz, James Lovvorn, James R. Murphy, and Lori T. Quakenbush. "Marine Fishes, Birds and Mammals as Sentinels of Ecosystem Variability and Reorganization in the Pacific Arctic Region." In The Pacific Arctic Region, 337–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8863-2_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Birds, arctic regions"

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Ram, Bonnie. "An Integrated Risk Framework for Large Scale Deployments of Renewable Energy." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-80228.

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Assessing the potential environmental and human effects of deploying renewable energy along our coasts, on the Outer Continental Shelf, and in the Great Lakes requires a new risk paradigm. Evaluating potential risks requires a consistent program of research over time that collects relevant data by each sectoral area, such as bat and bird collisions, entanglement with mammals and fish, safety within shipping lanes, etc. Data collection alone, however, will not lead to better decisionmaking. Arriving at a broad and integrated risk profile of environmental and human effects is beyond a linear problem or a scientific decision. It becomes a political decision that must take into account the scientific evidence, comparison to other energy supply options, and stakeholder and public concerns. Risk assessment is not a new approach as it is applied throughout the federal government. The renewable energy area needs to develop and apply a risk assessment framework to support better decisions for deployment. The current approach evaluates potential impacts, sector by sector, or with a National Energy Policy Act (NEPA) document prepared by a federal agency or private developer. This site or project specific analyses are central to a better understanding of risk, but again it does not help the decisionmaker. The decisionmaker needs to better understand the broad spectrum of risk across all potential sites. Though the analyses may be incomplete, expert judgments can determine the level of significance and the research gaps. While renewable energy deployments are small today, marine renewable energy deployments are planned in the ocean over the next decade within North America and large deployment goals are expected in Europe. Now is the time to construct an integrated risk framework that evaluates the sectoral impacts, compares across these impacts, and then compares them to other energy supply options. A central lesson of a risk framework is that risks (sector effects) must be compared across potential effects to develop a transparent evaluation of temporal and spatial impacts of a site or a region. An evaluation of one sector separate from the others leads to skewed perceptions of significant risks. This integrated risk framework would also lead to effective siting strategies that would be based on mitigating the most important risks and employing cost-effective adaptive management practices wherever possible. While the nation moves forward in deploying renewable energy, lessons learned and new data will trigger new problems and new solutions to the potential impacts on the coastal landscape and within the marine environment. This integrated risk framework is presented graphically below to identify the specific analytical steps as well as how these activities will lead to better decisionmaking and smarter siting strategies (see Figure 1).

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