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Krishna, Vijesh V., Kevin Darras, Ingo Grass, Yeni A. Mulyani, Dewi M. Prawiradilaga, Teja Tscharntke, and Matin Qaim. "Wildlife trade and consumer preference for species rarity: an examination of caged-bird markets in Sumatra." Environment and Development Economics 24, no. 04 (May 17, 2019): 339–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x19000081.
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AbstractThis study examines conservation effects of wildlife trade using demand and supply data from caged-bird markets in Sumatra, Indonesia. When consumers have a strong preference for species rarity, trade could result in wildlife overexploitation and species extinction. Results from a choice experiment show that buyers of caged birds indeed value species rarity. However, not all rare species are equally preferred. Species that are frequently traded lose their rarity value, even if rare in the wild. Analysis of time-series data collected from traders over a period of 20 months between 2013 and 2015 reveals an inelastic supply function for rare species, with market arrivals being insensitive to price changes. This may be due to a declining stock of rare species in the wild. Bird trade together with habitat loss can lead to extinction of a number of rare species in Indonesia. Several policy approaches on regulating caged-bird markets are discussed.
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Alghifari, M. K., A. Mardiastuti, and Y. A. Mulyani. "Patch size does not always indicate bird species diversity: case in peri-urban tropical habitat in Riau, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 948, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/948/1/012028.
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Abstract Larger patches generally are inhabited by higher species richness, including birds, as predicted by the island biogeography theory. The objective of this research was to reveal the response of bird species richness in different patch sizes in peri-urban habitat. The study site area was five patches (2 large patches near human activities, remote large patch with a small lake, small patch, corridor patch) of disturbed secondary shrub-forest in Riau University, Sumatra. Birds were observed using the standard point-counts in early morning and late afternoon (8 points/patch, 3 replicates, total 40 observation-hour) in March-April 2021. Species richness (S), Shannon-Wiener diversity indices (H’), Chao species prediction, and Bray-Curtis similarity indices (B) were calculated. Total of 979 individual birds were observed, consisted of 68 species from 28 families with B ranged from 0.573 to 0.846. Large patch with lake in remote area had the highest species richness (S:39 species, Chao:54) and H’ (3.097). However, two large patches closed to human activities had the lowest number of species (S:27, Chao:30, H’:2.908, and S:23, Chao:32, H’:2.938, respectively), even lower than small patch (S:30, Chao:40, H’:2.925) or corridor patch (S:34; Chao:51, H’:2.724). Clearly human disturbance and micro-habitat diversity affect species richness in a local scale.
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Sitanggang, Fajar Islam, Mokhamad Asyief Khasan Budiman, and Andy Afandy. "Bird Diversity: The Potential of Avitourism Reserves for Bird Conservation in Curup Tenang, South Sumatera, Indonesia." Jurnal Biodjati 5, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 249–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v5i2.9537.
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Birds have a fairly wide living habitat, including water-falls. Curup Tenang is a waterfall tourism site which has a wildlife habitat suitable for birds. In The Curup Tenang tourism site, the number of visitors has decreased over years. Birds are one of the wildlife animals that have ecological values, potential tourism, and cultural values. The diversity of birds in this tourist location have not been recorded. Meanwhile, by increasing knowledge and data-bases regarding the diversity of birds in this area can be an addi-tional reference for the development strategy in the Curup Tenang tourism site so that it becomes a distinctive attraction for visitors. This study aimed to determine the diversity of birds that never been recorded before and to conduct a potential support of avitourism activities. The results of this study can be used as a guideline to study the potential of avitourism. The diversity of birds found in Curup Tenang consisted of forty-eight species belong to twenty-seven families, while three of them cited as protected bird species. This study concluded that Curup Tenang contains a high diversity of birds and it has a great potential to be developed into an attraction of tourism.
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Abdullah, Abdullah, Intan Zahara, and Gaius Wilson. "The preliminary study on feeding behavior of male and female little egret (Egretta garzetta) in mangrove and rice field habitats based on peck frequency." Aceh Journal of Animal Science 1, no. 1 (June 15, 2016): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/ajas.1.1.4143.
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The objective of the present study was to study the differences in feeding behavior from peck frequency and type of diets, between male and female little egret (Egretta garzetta) in two different habitats, mangrove and rice fields of Banda Aceh, Sumatra, Indonesia. Focal animal sampling was used to study the feeding behavior of randomly selected birds from 07.00 AM to 06.00 PM in July 2015. Statistical analysis was conducted using t-test to test for differences between male and female peck frequency and habitats. For the combined data of both males and females, the average peck frequency of little egret (E. garzetta) observed in the mangrove and rice fields was 238.8 and 226.2 respectively. Male E. garzetta peck frequency observed was 240 pecks in mangrove habitat while female peck frequency was 225 pecks in rice field habitat. The results of our study showed that there is a significant difference in the peck frequency of little egrets observed in the two habitats (mangrove and rice fields) and between male and female E. garzetta.
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Putra, Bagus Susilo, M. Kanedi, Nuning Nurcahyani, and G. Nugroho Susanto. "Bird Species Based on Tree Height Perched in the Liwa Botanical Garden, West Lampung Regency." Jurnal Natur Indonesia 20, no. 1 (April 12, 2022): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jnat.20.1.9-14.
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Birds are one of the most diverse animals in the world, especially in Indonesia. Liwa Botanical Garden located in Pekon Kubu Perahu, Balik Bukit District, West Lampung Regency, is a conservation area with the theme of conservation and development of ornamental plants, representing the flora of Southern Sumatra. This research is a continuation of the collaboration between the Department of Biology and Balitbang UPTD Liwa Botanical Garden, West Lampung Regency. The presence of birds in the Liwa Botanical Garden is also a bioindicator of biodiversity for the environment in this area. By maintaining the presence of birds in the Liwa Botanical Garden means protecting their habitat and existing plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the species of birds based on the height of the perched trees in the Liwa Botanical Garden and the abundance of their species. The method used in this research is the point count with the observation time for 9 days in the morning and evening at the height of the tree in 3 different observation stations. Birds on KRL are mostly found on perches at an altitude of 2 - 7 meters, in the category of shrubs and trees, there are 19 out of 25 bird species found. The highest Relative Abundance Index (IKR) was Collocalia esculenta at 39.91% and the lowest IKR value was 7 bird species, each with 0.14% value. The conservation status of the 25 bird species based on IUCN is Least Concern (LC) and based on CITES there is one species that is included in Appendix II, namely Ictinaetus malayensis while based on the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia No. P.20 / MENLHK / SETJEN / KUM.1 / 6/2018 there is one bird species that is included in the protection, namely species Ictinaetus malayensis
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Janra, Muhammad Nazri, and Aadrean Aadrean. "Avifaunistic’s Genetic Heat Index (GHI) of Four Landscapes in West Pasaman Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia." Aceh Journal of Animal Science 3, no. 1 (July 25, 2018): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/ajas.3.1.10127.
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West Pasaman Regency in West Sumatra Province is recently established as an administrative area on 2003, segregated from Pasaman Regency where it was previously affiliated. This regency has been planning to support its structural developments using its main income generated from agricultural sector, which involve vast plantation area for oil-palm and other agricultural products. With the variety of its topography spans from some offshore islands up to 2,912 m mountain area, it is interesting to understand the importance value of this area from the perspective of one of its natural biodiversity: avifuna. Here in this paper, we use Genetic Heat Index (GHI) concept based on avian diversity and their conservation status to compare the significance value among four prominent landscapes in this regency, which include Mount Talamau and Laut Tinggal Lake (mountainous area), Tongar River (lowland-to-hilly riparian agricultural area) and Panjang Island (an offshore island). Despite the difference and similarity of bird species recorded in each site, Panjang Island has comparable GHI value with Tongar River, Mount Talamau and Laut Tinggal Lake (consecutively 4.20, 4.03, 4.14, 4.26). This result implies to the uniqueness of bird species living in each site along with its habitat typicality which also helps in contributing to their GHI value. Therefore, giving attention to this GHI concept while accommodate it into development plan will help in supporting more environmentally-sound development process.
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Darras, Kevin, Dedi Rahman, Waluyo Sugito, Yeni Mulyani, Dewi Prawiradilaga, Agus Rozali, Irfan Fitriawan, and Teja Tscharntke. "Birds of primary and secondary forest and shrub habitats in the peat swamp of Berbak National Park, Sumatra." F1000Research 7 (February 26, 2018): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.13996.1.
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Background: Tropical lowland rainforests are threatened by deforestation and degradation worldwide. Relatively little research has investigated the degradation of the forests of South-east Asia and its impact on biodiversity, and even less research has focused on the important peat swamp forests of Indonesia, which experienced major losses through severe fires in 2015. Methods: We acoustically sampled the avifauna of the Berbak National Park in 2013 in 12 sites split in three habitats: primary swamp forest, secondary swamp forest, and shrub swamp, respectively representing non-degraded, previously selectively logged, and burned habitats. We analysed the species richness, abundance, vocalisation activity, and community composition across acoustic counts, sites, feeding guilds and IUCN Red List categories. We also analysed community-weighted means of body mass, wing length, and distribution area. Results: The avifauna in the three habitats was remarkably similar in richness, abundance and vocalisation activity, and communities mainly differed due to a lower prevalence of understory insectivores (Old-World Babblers, Timaliidae) in shrub swamp. However primary forest retained twice as many conservation-worthy species as shrub swamp, which harboured heavier, probably more mobile species, with larger distributions than those of forest habitats. Conclusions: The National Park overall harboured higher bird abundances than nearby lowland rainforests. Protecting the remaining peat swamp forest in this little-known National Park should be a high conservation priority in the light of the current threats coming from wildlife trade, illegal logging, land use conversion, and man-made fires.
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Darras, Kevin, Dedi Rahman, Waluyo Sugito, Yeni Mulyani, Dewi Prawiradilaga, Agus Rozali, Irfan Fitriawan, and Teja Tscharntke. "Birds of primary and secondary forest and shrub habitats in the peat swamp of Berbak National Park, Sumatra." F1000Research 7 (May 14, 2018): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.13996.2.
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Background: Tropical lowland rainforests are threatened by deforestation and degradation worldwide. Relatively little research has investigated the degradation of the forests of South-east Asia and its impact on biodiversity, and even less research has focused on the important peat swamp forests of Indonesia, which experienced major losses through severe fires in 2015. Methods: We acoustically sampled the avifauna of the Berbak National Park in 2013 in 12 plots split in three habitats: primary swamp forest, secondary swamp forest, and shrub swamp, respectively representing non-degraded, previously selectively logged, and burned habitats. We analysed the species richness, abundance, vocalisation activity, and community composition across acoustic counts, plots, feeding guilds and IUCN Red List categories. We also analysed community-weighted means of body mass, wing length, and distribution area. Results: The avifauna in the three habitats was remarkably similar in richness, abundance and vocalisation activity, and communities mainly differed due to a lower prevalence of understory insectivores (Old-World Babblers, Timaliidae) in shrub swamp. However primary forest retained twice as many conservation-worthy species as shrub swamp, which harboured heavier, probably more mobile species, with larger distributions than those of forest habitats. Conclusions: The National Park overall harboured higher bird abundances than nearby lowland rainforests. Protecting the remaining peat swamp forest in this little-known National Park should be a high conservation priority in the light of the current threats coming from wildlife trade, illegal logging, land use conversion, and man-made fires.
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Davie, Jim. "Is biodiversity really the link between conservation and ecologically sustainable management? A reflection on paradigm and practice." Pacific Conservation Biology 3, no. 2 (1997): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc970083.
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Nature conservation practice is increasingly required to stand within a context of multiple use as land and its resources come under greater pressure of use by people. Although biodiversity conservation is now universally adopted as the banner under which international and national conservation programmes march, it is not clear that it has widespread support based on an understanding of all its ramifications. Conversely land users in Australia and in tropical countries do indicate an understanding and acceptance of conservation objectives which focus on the processes which support ecosystem productivity. A focus on conservation of the ecological processes which perpetuate vegetation as habitat, water and the fertility of soil, may better integrate nature conservation into other land uses. This essay explores some of these questions in relation to two wetland areas in Indonesia. The Pantai Timur Mangrove Nature Reserve in Jambi Province, Sumatra is valuable for the conservation of certain migratory birds; however, it is so dynamic that species diversity is not significant. Despite this, ecological functions which have created the ecosystem may be critical to the continued productivity of the land and the quality of life of the people who live in it. In contrast the coastal wetland forests of Bunaken National Park are remarkably stable and while they are critical to ecological regulation of the quality and productivity of that environment, they also offer very special biodiversity values. The implications of these examples are examined in relation to conservation practice and to ecologically sustainable management. Design is proposed as a means through which local communities might take some control of land management in order to retain, restore or create landscapes which have sustainable, rich and productive natural and human attributes.
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Swari Dewi, I. Gusti Ayu Pradnya. "LEMBAGA KONSERVASI SATWA DALAM PERSPEKTIF PERDAGANGAN SATWA ILEGAL." Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) 5, no. 2 (July 31, 2016): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jmhu.2016.v05.i02.p14.
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Indonesia is a country that is very rich its animal diversity, but is also know as a countrythat has a long list of endangered wildlife. The destruction of forests, the transfer function of over-harvesting and the destruction of their habitat is the main factor that threatens the extinction of wildlife. Forests as house a wide variety of wildlife is no longer able to protect the exixtence of wildlife due to habitat destruction. Various rare species endemic in Indonesia such as Sumateran tigers, one-horned rhino, the Javan hawk eagle, dragons, birds of paradise and other animals gravely threatened. Illegal wildlife trade proses a serious threat to the preservation of the wildlife. The wildlife illegally traded most are cought from the wild and not of capativity. By law the government efforts to protect endangered species from extinction is done with the issuance of Law No. 5 of 1990 on Conservation of Natural Resources and ecosystems followedby the enactment of Minister of Forestry Number : P.53/Menhut-II/2006 on Conservation. Public education to raise public awareness of the importance of wildlife conservation play an important role in wildlife conservation. Institutions ex-situ conservation becomes a toggle while during their forests in the rescue effort should be able to give life maximum for wildlife with regard to ethics and the rules of animal welfare so that the function and purpose of conservation agencies as a place of education, research and development of science can be fixed accomplished.
Indonesia merupakan negara yang sangat kaya dengan keanekaragaman satwanya, namun dikenal juga sebagai negara yang memiliki daftar panjang tentang satwa liar yang terancam punah. Perusakan hutan, pengalihan fungsi hutan yang berlebihan serta rusaknya habitat mereka merupakan faktor utama yang mengancam punahnya satwa liar tersebut. Hutan sebagai rumah berbagai macam satwa liar tidak lagi mampu melindungi keberadaan satwa akibat perusakan habitatnya. Berbagai satwa endemik yang langka di Indonesia seperti harimau Sumatera, badak bercula satu, elang jawa, komodo, burung cendrawasih dan satwa-satwa lainnya keberadaannya terancam punah. Secara hukum upaya pemerintah dalam melindungi satwa langka dari ancaman kepunahan dilakukan dengan dikeluarkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1990 tentang Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya selanjutnya diikuti dengan ditetapkannya Peraturan Mentri Kehutanan Nomor : P.53/Menhut-II/2006 tentang Lembaga Konservasi. Edukasi kepada masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kesadaran publik akan pentingnya pelestarian satwa liar memainkan peranan penting dalam pelestarian satwa liar. Lembaga konservasi ex-situ menjadi tempat tiggal sementara selama hutan mereka dalam upaya penyelamatan harus mampu memberikan kehidupan yang maksimal bagi satwa liar tersebut dengan tetap memperhatikan etika dan kaidah kesejahteraan satwa sehingga fungsi dan tujuan lembaga konservasi sebagai tempat pendidikan, penelitian dan pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dapat tetap terlaksana.
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Dwijayanti, E., Mahyana, U. Nurlaily, and T. H. Widarto. "Study on the daily activity of scaly-breasted Munia (Lonchura punctulata) in the Indonesian rice field." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 948, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/948/1/012035.
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Abstract The Scaly-breasted Munia (Lonchura punctulata) is known as a common pest in the Indonesian rice field. However, there is no study on the daily activity of this species. This study aims to determine the daily activity of L. punctulata in rice field habitat. The research was conducted on April-May 2021 in Aceh Besar (Sumatera), Wonogiri (Central Java) and Tulungagung (East Java). Sixty-three hours of observations were carried out in seven days using scan sampling and data recorded using the continuous method. Observation time was divided into morning, afternoon, and evening for three hours each time. Data variation was analyzed with ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis, then the correlation between behavior and temperature was analyzed using Pearson and Spearman Correlation Test. Our results show that moving (35.9 – 65.2%) and feeding (16.9–44.69%) are the most frequently observed behaviors. Only sunbathing behavior in the afternoon was significantly different in three locations (p-value < 0.001). Correlation analysis shows that feeding and sunbathing behavior have an inverse correlation with temperature. However, resting behaviors increases with increasing temperature. Temperature affects daily activities due to the bird’s thermoregulatory system. The other factors also influence L. punctulata behavior, such as other bird species presence and bird scaring activities.
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JUNAEDI, DECKY INDRAWAN. "Ecology of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium: Specific leaf area and habitat characteristics." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 20, no. 3 (February 22, 2019): 732–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200317.
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Abstract. Junaedi DI, Nurlaeni Y. 2019. Ecology of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium: Specific leaf area and habitat characteristics. Biodiversitas 20: 732-737. Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) is an important species in North Sumatra, Indonesia either from conservation, economy, or socio-cultural point of views. Z. acanthopodium is known as plant species difficult to cultivate and its natural distribution in Indonesia is restricted to Aceh and North Sumatra, Indonesia. This study aims to identify the modest characteristics of Z. acanthopodium’s habitat in natural and cultivated areas and to assess the importance of light in these two habitat types in North Sumatra. We surveyed four districts in North Sumatra and used specific leaf area (SLA) as proxy for the importance of light in Z. acanthopodium habitat. We found that the species grow naturally in high slope areas and not in a plain area. Similarly, in cultivated areas, this species grows well in sloped area with minimum inundated surface run-off water. Z. acanthopodium with higher SLA values occurs in natural habitat and high slope areas while those with smaller SLA are found in cultivated areas and low slope although the difference is statistically not significant. This study indicates the importance of light and surface run-off for suitable habitat of Z. acanthopodium. Further studies are needed to examine the quality, intensity, and frequency of light to support Z. acanthopodium growth; and to examine the role of landscape inclination and their position relative to sun exposure (i.e. aspect) for its survival and growth rate.
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Ramadhan, J., and N. L. Winarni. "Habitat comparison of Cynopterus fruit bats at Lampung, Sumatra, Indonesia." TAPROBANICA: The Journal of Asian Biodiversity 7, no. 1 (January 20, 2015): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/tapro.v7i1.7166.
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Ramadhan, J., and N. L. Winarni. "Habitat comparison of Cynopterus fruit bats at Lampung, Sumatra, Indonesia." TAPROBANICA 7, no. 1 (January 19, 2015): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.47605/tapro.v7i1.164.
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Indonesia is home to at least 205 species of bats, over a fifth of the world's total. Chiroptera in the Indonesian island chain belong to nine families and 52 genera. Most of these bats are insectivores but the Pteropodidae of sub-Order Yinpterochiroptera are frugivores and nectarivores and, hence, important pollinators of economically significant plants such as petai (Parkia speciosa), durian (Durio zibethinus), mango (Mangifera indica), and kapok (Ceiba pentandra); they also disperse seeds of water apple (Syzygium aqueum), guava (Psidium guajava), and canarium nut (Canarium sp.). Not only do these pteropodid bats play roles in agriculture and ecosystem continuity, they also figure in the reproductive success of plants and in the regeneration of disturbed areas.
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Shaney, Kyle J., Amir Hamidy, Matthew Walsh, Evy Arida, Aisyah Arimbi, and Eric N. Smith. "Impacts of anthropogenic pressures on the contemporary biogeography of threatened crocodilians in Indonesia." Oryx 53, no. 3 (November 10, 2017): 570–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605317000977.
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AbstractThe Greater Sunda region of South-east Asia supports a rich diversity of economically and ecologically important species. However, human pressures are reshaping contemporary biogeography across the region. Megafaunal distributional patterns have been particularly affected because of deforestation, poaching and human–wildlife conflict. Crocodilians are at the centre of these conflicts in Indonesia and yet remain poorly studied across much of the archipelago. We conducted population surveys of salt-water crocodiles Crocodylus porosus and false gharials Tomistoma schlegelii in Sumatra, and examined whether crocodile abundance and distribution are correlated with variations in human disturbance, fishing pressure, and habitat type. We then used these data to model remaining suitable habitat for T. schlegelii across South-east Asia. We found that abundance of T. schlegelii and C. porosus was correlated with distance from human settlements, and fish-trapping pressure. We recorded the presence of T. schlegelii in a river system in which it was previously unknown, thus expanding the known range of the species. We also found that the predicted remaining suitable habitat for T. schlegelii in Indonesia is largely limited to areas of low human activity. From these empirical and modelling approaches we propose several key conservation priorities: (1) eliminate the use of fish traps in remaining patches of T. schlegelii habitat, (2) prioritize crocodile population surveys in remaining suitable habitat, particularly in remote areas, (3) consider T. schlegelii to be potentially Endangered locally in Sumatra, and (4) expand existing reserves around the Lower Kampar River and Berbak National Park/Sembilang National Park areas of Sumatra.
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Plowden, Campbell, and David Bowles. "The illegal market in tiger parts in northern Sumatra, Indonesia." Oryx 31, no. 1 (January 1997): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3008.1997.d01-4.x.
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The Sumatran tiger is the only one of three original subspecies of tigers that survives in Indonesia today. Its wild population, estimated to be 400–650 animals, has progressively diminished because of habitat destruction, poaching and the removal of tigers involved in conflicts with local farmers. This paper presents previously undocumented information on the market in tiger products. It shows that, while no documentation of intentional tiger poaching to meet an international demand for tiger bones was recorded, the domestic demand for tiger bones, teeth and claws is still a potential threat to the future survival of this subspecies. In addition to continuing work to protect the integrity of tiger habitat in Sumatra, enforcement actions are required to prevent the domestic market for tiger parts increasing the threats to this subspecies and to ensure its conservation.
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Kuswanda, Wanda, Raden Garsetiasih, Hendra Gunawan, Rospita Odorlina Pilianna Situmorang, Freddy Jontara Hutapea, Rozza Tri Kwatrina, Endang Karlina, et al. "Can Humans and Elephants Coexist? A Review of the Conflict on Sumatra Island, Indonesia." Diversity 14, no. 6 (May 25, 2022): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14060420.
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The high rate of deforestation and fragmentation of elephant habitat on Sumatra Island has triggered human-elephant conflict (HEC) in Sumatra Island, Indonesia. This conflict brings negative impacts on humans and elephants. Despite numerous efforts having been made to solve this problem, the HEC continues to occur in the remaining elephant enclave every year. The harmonious coexistence between humans and elephants could be improved through HEC mitigation programs. The aim of this paper was to review information on HEC in Sumatra Island, investigate the causes and implications of HEC, review existing HEC mitigation methods, and formulate strategies to improve the harmonious coexistence between humans and elephants. The best strategies to create successful human and elephant coexistence are strengthening the institutions and policies, restoring the habitat, developing wildlife corridors, establishing Essential Ecosystem Areas (EEA), community empowerment through ecotourism, providing legal access to forests through Social Forestry (SF), and providing compensation schemes for conflict victims.
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O'Brien, Timothy G., and Margaret F. Kinnaird. "Birds and mammals of the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Sumatra, Indonesia." Oryx 30, no. 3 (July 1996): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300021657.
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Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park in south-west Sumatra is one of the largest protected areas in Sumatra and thus of considerable importance to the conservation of biodiversity in Indonesia. Until recently, little was known of the wildlife in the park. The authors' surveys document the presence of an intact community of the birds and mammals known to occur in lowland Sumatran rain forests. While hunting and collection of forest products threaten a number of plant and animal species in the park, the primary threat to the park's integrity is from agricultural encroachment and expansion of enclaves beyond their boundaries. The future survival of Bukit Barisan National Park and its wildlife requires that active measures be taken to curb non-sustainable exploitation of plants and wildlife. It will also be necessary to resolve land-use conflicts with communities in, and adjacent to, the park.
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Sholihah, Raudatus. "Behavior and Ecological Study of Marine Birds in Alas Purwo National Park Southern Cost - Indonesia." KnE Life Sciences 3, no. 4 (March 27, 2017): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v3i4.702.
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<p class="Els-Abstract-text">Alas Purwo National Park is habitat for marine birds and stopover for some the migratory birds. The purpose of this research was to determine behavior that could be observed in populations of marine birds and their habitat in the Alas Purwo National Park. The research location was in the Alas Purwo National Park southern coast, in region Plengkung to Cungur, Banyuwangi East Java. This research was done for<span lang="IN"> 2 mo</span>, July 21 to 30 and August 2015. The observations were observed in the morning (at 6:00 am to 9:00 am) and afternoon (15:00 pm to 18:00 pm). This study used a purposive sampling method to determine the location of the observations near the coast. The observations of marine birds habitat and behavior used survey methods and direct observation at the plot along the coastline. Identification and calculation of marine bird populations conducted in each observation plots. The plots exploration by foot and repeated three times. The behavior of marine birds that can be observed were birds clustered beach sunbathing on the beach, wallowing in the water, drinking and foraging in the surrounding water and flew low over the waters up to the mangrove areas for perch. Marine birds habitat are in mangrove and near the coast with moderate temperatures, high air humidity, low water temperature, and light intensity is sufficient<span lang="IN">.</span></p><div><p class="Els-keywords"><strong>Keywords:</strong> Alas Purwo national park; behavior; ecological study; habitat; marine bird.</p></div><p class="Els-Abstract-text"><span lang="IN"><br /></span></p>
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Williams, Harold H., and Roger T. Eubank. "Hydrocarbon habitat in the rift graben of the Central Sumatra Basin, Indonesia." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 80, no. 1 (1995): 331–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1995.080.01.16.
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DESRITA, DESRITA, AHMAD MUHTADI, ISTEN SWENO TAMBA, JENI ARIYANTI, and RINA DRITA SIBAGARIANG. "Community structure of nekton in the upstream of Wampu Watershed, North Sumatra, Indonesia." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 19, no. 4 (July 1, 2018): 1366–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190424.
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Desrita, Muhtadi A, Tamba IS, Ariyanti J, Sibagariang RD. 2018. Community structure of nekton in the upstream of WampuWatershed, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1366-1374. River is a habitat for many aquatic organisms. Water quality is themain river characteristic that strongly influences distribution pattern, biodiversity, and abundance of aquatic organisms. Nekton isaquatic organism that swims and moves actively on their desire, for example, fish, shrimp, amphibian and also big aquatic insects. Thepurpose of this research was to know the habitat condition and biodiversity of nekton in the upstream of Wampu watershed. The habitatcondition was measured by examining the temperature, visibility, flow velocity, depth of waters, dissolved oxygen, pH, kind ofsubstrate, the width of the river, body width of river and rate of flow of the river. The type of nekton was determined by catching thenekton using a backpack of electrofishing unit with an electric flow of 12 Volt and 9 Ampere. The upstream habitat condition of Wampuwatershed was characterized by big stone, pebble, sandy type of substrate with moderate to strong current flow, and the clear aquatic.Physical and chemical parameters in upstream of Wampu watershed were still sustainable and appropriate as habitat for fish and shrimp.The result of this research showed a variety of nekton collected, comprised of 27 species of fish, five species of shrimp of inland water.Two species of fish from Tor genera, i.e., T. soro and T. tambroides were also found in this study. The highest diversity (H´) in thisresearch site was the Bahorok River (2.12), followed by Landak River (1.93) at the second, and the lowest was Berkail River with onlyabout 1.50 diversity index.
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Pratiwi, Rini, Chairil Anwar, Salni, Hermansyah, Novrikasari, Rachmat Hidayat, and Ahmad Ghiffari. "Habitat Characterization of Mansonia spp as Filariasis Vector in Banyuasin, South Sumatra, Indonesia." E3S Web of Conferences 68 (2018): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186801004.
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Filariasis is caused by microfilariae parasites transmitted through mosquitoes, one of which is Mansonia spp. Environmental characteristics are crucial component for vector control in handling filariasis because they indicate mosquitoes’ range of survival. This study aimed to determine the environmental characteristics in the abundance of Mansonia spp. This study was conducted in two lowland areas located in Sedang and Muara Sugih Village, Indonesia, April 2017-April 2018. Environmental characteristics were determined by thermometers and sling hygrometers, and sampling for physical and chemical properties of water. Sedang Village had larger quantity of Mansonia spp variances compared to Muara Sugih, with 6 species and 5 species found respectively. Muara Sugih was slightly higher in temperature and humidity. Sedang water had higher turbidity, higher temperature, higher pH, lower BOD-COD, lower TDS-TSS, with higher coliform counts. Sedang dominant land utilization was plantations, while Muara Sugih was rice field. The dominant aquatic plant in Sedang was Pistia stratiotes and Muara Sugih was Oryza sativa. Differences in temperature, humidity, water parameters, aquatic plants, and land utilization factors resulted in discrepancy of Mansonia spp abundance.
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Basyuni, M., M. S. Lubis, and A. Suryanti. "Habitat characteristic of macrozoobenthos in Naborsahan River of Toba Lake, North Sumatra, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 122 (February 2018): 012106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/122/1/012106.
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Butchart, Stuart H. M., Thomas M. Brooks, Charles W. N. Davies, Gunawan Dharmaputra, Guy C. L. Dutson, James C. Lowen, and Alo Sahu. "The conservation status of forest birds on Flores and Sumbawa, Indonesia." Bird Conservation International 6, no. 4 (December 1996): 335–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900001817.
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SummaryForest birds were surveyed on the islands of Flores and Sumbawa, Indonesia, in July-September 1993. Assessments were made of the conservation status and habitat requirements of the restricted-range, threatened, and near-threatened species. Semi-evergreen rainforest was found to be more important than moist deciduous monsoon forest for the conservation of these species, but such habitat is being rapidly degraded at mid-altitudes and in the lowlands. Moist deciduous monsoon forest is still widespread in the lowlands but it is also being degraded by human activities. Only one significant protected area exists in the region: Taman Nasional Komodo. This harbours an important population of Yellow-crested Cockatoo Cacatua sulphurea but it is too dry o t support any semi-evergreen rainforest. Ten of the 24 restricted-range species found on these islands are of particular conservation importance mainly because of combinations of intolerance of degraded habitat, dependence on semi-evergreen rainforest, restriction to the lowlands, and low population densities. The highest priority species are Flores Monarch Monarcha sacerdotum and Wallace's Hanging-parrot Loriculus flosculus, which were only found in semi-evergreen rainforest at about 450-950 m at one site in the Tanjung Kerita Mese proposed protected area in south-west Flores. Effective protection of this site is urgently required in order to help secure the future of these species. Recommendations are presented for the protection of further areas on Flores and Sumbawa.
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Anggraini, Kiki, Margaret Kinnaird, and Timothy O'Brien. "The effects of fruit availability and habitat disturbance on an assemblage of Sumatran hornbills." Bird Conservation International 10, no. 3 (September 2000): 189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900000174.
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We examined the influence of fruit availability and habitat disturbance, including past and recent forest fires, on an assemblage of hornbills over a four-month period in the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Sumatra. The assemblage is dominated by Wreathed Hornbills Aceros undulatus (7.5 birds/km2), followed by Bushy-crested Hornbills Anorrhinus galeritus (3.05 birds/km2), Rhinoceros Hornbills Buceros rhinoceros (2.6 birds/km2), and Helmeted Hornbills Buceros vigil (1.9 birds/km2). Overall densities for each species were consistent with estimates from other South-East Asian sites but densities varied temporally and spatially, even for territorial species. We speculate that Rhinoceros and Helmeted Hornbills may exhibit facultative territoriality or they may not be territorial at this site. We found a positive relationship between temporal variability in hornbill numbers and the availability of ripe fruits. All hornbills, especially Rhinoceros and Bushy-crested Hornbills, tended to avoid highly disturbed areas; these areas had a lower than expected number of fruiting trees in five important hornbill diet families. Densities of Bushy-Crested, Rhinoceros, and Helmeted Hornbills declined from 28 to 63% in the post-burn surveys. Wreathed Hornbills, however, increased slightly in the post-burn surveys, possibly because they were nesting there at the time. Movement of hornbills between disturbed and primary forest habitat may enhance regeneration of disturbed areas if hornbills are transporting viable seeds.
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Ramadhanti, Cita, Aris Subagio, and Jani Master. "Diversity and Abundance of Rhopalocera (Lepidoptera) in Batutegi Protected Forest, Sumatra, Indonesia." Berkala Ilmiah Biologi 13, no. 3 (December 15, 2022): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/bib.v13i3.5104.
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Batutegi protected forest has the potential to be butterflies habitat due to the possibility of its richness of host and feed plants. The research was conducted to analyze butterflies diversity and abundance in three different types of vegetation which are shrubs, forest, and Way Sekampung watershed. The methods that used are Shannon-Wiener’s Diversity Index (H’), Simpson’s dominance index (D), and Pielou’s Evenness Index (E). Analysis shows the butterfly diversity up to 3.034; dominance index up to 0.079; and evenness up to 0.823. These results attributed to the highly potential of butterfly diversity, stable evenness, and low butterfly species dominance.
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Nunn, Steven C., and Rick C. West. "A New Species of Tarantula Spider in the Genus Lyrognathus Pocock 1895 (Araneae, Theraphosidae) from Sumatra." ISRN Zoology 2013 (April 17, 2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/590809.
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A new species is described in the tarantula genus Lyrognathus Pocock 1895, being the first record of this taxon from Sumatra, Indonesia. Lyrognathus giannisposatoi sp. nov. is also unique in its habitat selection, being the first confirmed lowland species from this genus. A new key to Lyrognathus species is provided, and a biogeography of the group is briefly discussed.
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Muhtadi, A., R. Leidonald, and Desrita. "Habitat characteristics and water quality status in the Batangtoru Watershed, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 454 (April 15, 2020): 012092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/454/1/012092.
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Fujita, Motoko S., Hiromitsu Samejima, Dendy Sukma Haryadi, Ahmad Muhammad, Mohammad Irham, and Satomi Shiodera. "Low conservation value of converted habitat for avifauna in tropical peatland on Sumatra, Indonesia." Ecological Research 31, no. 2 (February 1, 2016): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11284-016-1334-2.
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Haryoko, Tri, Oscar Johnson, Matthew Lonsfert Brady, Subir Bahadur Shakya, Mohammad Irham, Yohanna Yohanna, Rusdiyan Parimpunan Ritonga, Dewi Malia Prawiradilaga, and Frederick Halsey Sheldon. "RECENT ORNITHOLOGICAL EXPEDITIONS TO SIBERUT ISLAND, MT. TALAMAU AND RIMBO PANTI NATURE RESERVE, SUMATRA, INDONESIA." TREUBIA 47, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 13–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/treubia.v47i1.3839.
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Siberut Island, Mt. Talamau, Rimbo Panti Nature Reserve, and intervening locations in West Sumatra Province were visited during two expeditions in 2018-2019 by ornithologists from the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science (LSUMNS), and Andalas University. The main objective of these expeditions was to obtain data and tissue-subsample rich museum specimens for morphological and genetic studies of phylogeny and population genetics of Southeast Asian birds aimed at understanding the causes of avian diversification in the region. We also observed, photographed, and audio-recorded numerous bird species during the expeditions and archived these data. In total, 285 species were identified, and specimen material was collected from 13 species and 26 subspecies not previously represented in tissue resource collections. Here, we provide complete lists of birds found at each location, highlight distributional discoveries, and note cases of potential taxonomic, ecological, and conservation interest.
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Damanhuri, Harfiandri, Dahelmi Dahelmi, Hafrijal Syandri, and Dietriech G. Bengen. "Biophysical Characteristics of Nesting Habitat of Green Turtle Chelonia mydas In the Coastal Zone of Kasiak, Bindalang and Karabak Ketek Island Of West Sumatra Indonesia." International Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3, no. 2 (September 17, 2019): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ijasc.3.2.44-49.2019.
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The research was conducted on three small islands of marine conservation area of West Sumatra, namely Kasiak Island, Bindalang Island and Karabak Ketek Island from January to December 2016. This research aimed to study the variation of biophysical character of nesting habitat of green turtle (Chelonia mydas L, 1758) by survey method, measurement, observation and analysis. All data were analyzed using Main Component Analysis (PCA), Kriskal Wallis Test Analysis. Based on PCA analysis, the contribution on main character is 43.28%. These results are supported by biophysical conditions of spawning habitats for green turtles is on Karabak Ketek Island as an ideal island of spawning sites favored by green turtles, when compared to the location of Bindalang Island and Kasiak Island habitats.Result of Kruscal Wallis analysis of Karabak Island rank; 11.90, with a chi-square value; 10.47, asymp sig value 0.005 (5% -10%). This value shows the difference between the biophysical character of the spawning habitat on the character of the coastal slope parameter (KP) is 9.60 °.This is also the ideal slope value for the sandy beach habitat (PSe) and fine sandy beaches (PHA) as the main spawning location for green turtles in West Sumatra
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Siregar, Ameilia Zuliyanti. "Ecological Studies of Odonata Population in Northern Sumatra, Indonesia." Talenta Conference Series: Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR) 1, no. 1 (October 16, 2018): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/anr.v1i1.93.
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Odonata is importants insect groups in the world. Ten ha rice field plot in three sites in Manik Rambung Rice Field (MRRF), Simalungun District, North of Sumatera (latitude: 2°53‘ 52.8"N and longitude: 99° 00‘24.4"E, about 90 km from Medan City at 594 - 602 masl) were recorded of Odonata population. The farmers have rice culture practices, combine with fish farming during season paddy planting. The comparison was conducted which nine stations of green Campus areas with purpossive randomsampling in a month (November, 1. 2011 until November, 28. 2011) using sweep net (400 μm mesh, 60cm x 90cm) which six swings started from 0900 to 1200 for collection of Odonata. The results were collected 445 individuals from sub-order Zygopteran and 892 individuals from sub order Anisoperan, 3 families, and 19 species of adults Odonata were identified IN MRRF. Family Coenagrionidae (Zygoptera) were dominant by Agriocnemis femina, A. pygmaea, and Ischnura senegalensis. Only Ictinogomphus decoratus recorded fromGomphidae and 11 species from Libellulidae. While two sub order, 4 families, 26 genera, 31 species and 436 individuals of Odonata identified in green campus, USU, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia. In MRRF, the ecological indices were calculated with score H‘ (0.88 - 2.50), Index Simpson (1-D) recorded were 0.49 until 0.99, while index Jaccard with 0.60-1.00. While Diversities indices Shannon and Evenness Pilou of Odonata in Campus USU was lower recorded in Station 7 and Station 1, while the highest were collected in Station 3 and Station 6. The diversities and evenness Odonata species were varied (H‘=2.20-3.42 and E=0.55-0.78). Comparison to the eveness and richness of Odonata species in each stations were differences, which effected by natural habitat, heterogenous vegetations of plants, time and weather while taken sampling, biotic, physics, and chemicals factors in environmental system are varied.
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Kamal, Eni, Japar Sidik Bujang, and Muta Hara Zakaria. "New Records of Seagrass Flora in Air Bangis West Sumatera." Jurnal Natur Indonesia 13, no. 1 (November 21, 2012): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jnat.13.1.77-81.
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Seagrasses in the Air Bangis Archipelago, west coast of Sumatra were found growing in sandy muddy substratesof the shallow coastal waters at depth of 0.3-2.5 m, dominated by degraded coral reefs around the off-shoreislands. Two species; Enhalus acoroides (L.f) Royle and Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb) Aschers were observed atPulau Unggas, Pulau Pasir Panjang and Teluk Tapang. Halodule uninervis (Forssk) Aschers was observed in twolocations; Pasir Panjang and Teluk Tapang. The occurrence of this species is unknown previously and therefore itis a new flora record for Sumatra. With this new record, Sumatra has six species of seagrasses, contributing tohalf of total number of seagrasses occurring in Indonesia. According to leaf width measurements, two morphologicalvariants (narrow and wide leaved) can be distinguished for Halodule uninervis. In addition, descriptions of thespecies and their habitat characteristic are provided.
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Bowman, Thomas E., and Lazare Botosaneanu. "First record of a Tachaea species from Sulawesi (Indonesia) with description of its manca stage (Isopoda, Flabellifera, Corallanidae)." Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 62, no. 2 (1992): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26660644-06202005.
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A corallanid isopod in the manca stage (lacking pereopod 7), collected from alluvial gravel along the Batui River in Sulawesi, Indonesia, and identified questionably as Tachaea lacustris Weber, 1892, is illustrated and described in detail. Tachaea lacustris was known previously only from freshwater lakes in Sumatra and Java. Its presence in river alluvial gravel should not be interpreted as possible adaptation to the hyporheic habitat.
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Jumilawaty, E., A. L. A. Nasution, and S. Siregar. "Shorebird community and diversity in Bagan Serdang Beach, North Sumatra." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1115, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1115/1/012001.
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Abstract The occurrence of shorebirds is strongly influenced by environmental factors, especially food availability. Shorebirds are closely linked to their habitat conditions, so they seek out feeding sites according to their life cycle. Coastal conditions that have changed due to human activities may affect the assemblage of shorebird community. The aim of this study is to determine the diversity of shorebird species and the factors that influence them. Bird observations were made for three days using the point count method while the number of individuals was estimated by using “block method”. The results revealed 17 shorebird species from the families, Charadriidae, Scolopacidae and Sternidae. The dominant species were Charadrius mongolus, Pluvialis fulva and Sterna hirundo. The number of species in the morning observations was higher than in the afternoon. The diversity index for migratory birds ranges from 1.16 to 1.96, which is relatively low. This study showed that mudflats in Bagan Serdang Beach, Pantai Labu District is occupied by shorebirds in this region.
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BASYUNI, MOHAMMAD, KRISTIAN GULTOM, ANNISA FITRI, IPANNA ENGGAR SUSETYA, RIDHA WATI, BEJO SLAMET, NURDIN SULISTIYONO, ERA YUSRIANI, THORSTEN BALKE, and PETE BUNTING. "Diversity and habitat characteristics of macrozoobenthos in the mangrove forest of Lubuk Kertang Village, North Sumatra, Indonesia." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190142.
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asyuni M, Gultom K, Fitri A, Susetya EA, Wati R, Slamet B, Sulistiyono N, Yusriani E, Balke T, Bunting P. 2018. Diversity and habitat characteristics of macrozoobenthos in the mangrove forest of Lubuk Kertang Village, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 311-317. Mangrove plays an important role in coastal ecosystems including ecological, social, and economic aspects. This study aimed to determine the diversity of macrozoobenthos and water quality based on diversity index (H’), similarity Index (E), and dominance index (D) in the mangrove of Lubuk Kertang Village North Sumatra, Indonesia. The samples of macrozoobenthos (biological parameter) and water quality (physical and chemical parameters) were collected from fifteen plots in three different stations. Macrozoobenthos were collected in 1 m × 1 m transect in the mangrove forest. The biota was taken by using a shovel, inserted into a plastic bag, and identified. Results showed that eight species of macrozoobenthos were found and classified into three classes of Gastropod, Bivalvia, and Malacostraca. The highest diversity index (H′) of macrozoobenthos was found at Station II (2.39), the highest evenness index (E) was located at Station I (0.54), and the highest dominance index (D) was found at Station II (0.34). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the habitat characteristics of macrozoobenthos. PCA confirmed that station III was a habitat with suitable characteristics for the life of macrozoobenthos indicating the negative axis. The present study suggested four parameters namely salinity, clay temperature, and dissolved oxygen that should be preserved to support the survival of macrozoobenthos in the mangrove forests.
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Ilham, Ade, Defri Yoza, and Yossi Oktorini. "KARAKTERISTIK HABITAT DAN PERSEBARAN RHIZANTHES LOWEII. (BECC) HARM DI TAMAN NASIONAL KERINCI SEBLAT RESORT SUNGAI LAMBAI." Ensiklopedia of Journal 4, no. 2 (January 21, 2022): 150–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33559/eoj.v4i2.1054.
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Indonesia is known as one of the countries with the largest biodiversity in the world (megadiversity) and is the center of world biodiversity (megacenter of biodiversity). Rhizanthes loweii has a geographic distribution from Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, and Kalimantan. In Sumatra this species has been recorded to be found in Mount Leuser, Sibolangit, Mount Dempo, South Sumatra, Penanggungan, Lampung and Bengkulu. KSNP as one of the largest conservation areas in Indonesia has a very high and diverse potential for natural resources and environmental services. TNKS also has various data objects of natural tourist attractions that have the potential to be developed, including mountains, hills, lakes and waterfalls. This research was conducted in the Kerici Seblat National Park (TNKS) Resort Sungai Lambai. The method that will be used in collecting data in this research is the path method and the determination of the observation plot is carried out by purposive sampling. Each 1 ha measuring plot counted the number of individuals with Rhizanthes loweii buds/flowers. This Important Value Index (INP) is used to determine the species composition and dominance of a species in a stand. Sungai Lambai Resort is located in Nagari Lubuak Gadang Selatan, Sangir District, South Solok Regency, West Sumatra. Nagari Lubuak Gadang Selatan is divided into five jorongs, namely, Jorong Pincuran Tujuh, Jorong Sungai Lambai, Jorong Karang Putiah, Jorong Ayia Manyuruak and Jorong Liki. The vegetation around Rhizanthes loweii contained in the research plot amounted to 32 species with seedling, sapling, pole and tree levels. The soil in this research location is generally alkaline soil. The type of clay soil is dusty, has a smooth texture, and is blackish brown in color. Habitat characteristics and distribution of Rhizanthes loweii in Kerinci Seblat National Park lives on dusty clay soil with blackish brown color and average soil pH of 7.1 (neutral). The average temperature is 23.7⁰ C and the average humidity is 80%.Keywords: TNKS, Habitat, Distribution, Rhizanthes loweii. (Becc)
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Harapan, Try Surya, Ade Prasetyo Agung, Heru Handika, Wilson Novarino, Djong Hon Tjong, and Kyle W. Tomlinson. "New records and potential geographic distribution of Elongated Caecilian, Ichthyophis elongatus Taylor, 1965 (Amphibia, Gymnophiona, Ichthyophiidae), endemic to West Sumatra, Indonesia." Check List 16, no. 6 (December 16, 2020): 1695–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/16.6.1695.
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We present new records of Ichthyophis elongatus Taylor, 1965 in West Sumatra. These records extend the known distribution of the species which was previously only known from the type locality in Padang, West Sumatra. We assess the morphology and habitats of this species and estimate its distribution. Predicted distribution based on maximum entropy modeling suggests a highly suitable habitat for the species throughout the Barisan Mountains at 500–1000 m above sea level. Our models suggest swamps, paddy fields, and secondary forests that are 100–150 m from rivers as the highest possible habitats for the species. Further surveys in two predicted areas based on the models discovered new populations of the species.
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Selvia Arma Dewita, Yona, Hilda Zulkifli, and Harmida. "Biodiversity of Birds in the Green Urban Area of Petrochemical Industry, Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia." Sriwijaya Journal of Environment 1, no. 2 (August 15, 2016): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22135/sje.2016.1.2.28-31.
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Green, Andy J. "Status and habitat of the White-winged Duck Cairina scutulata." Bird Conservation International 3, no. 2 (June 1993): 119–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900000848.
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SummaryThe endangered White-winged Duck Cairina scutulata was formerly widely recorded from north-east India, Bangladesh, Union of Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia (peninsular) and Indonesia (Java and Sumatra). It was found to be “common” by British ornithologists in areas of India, Myanmar and Thailand in the early part of this century. Since then, deforestation and hunting have caused a major decline to perhaps less than 5% of its original population size. Since 1980 the species has been reliably recorded from 55 sites in seven countries, with a minimum combined population of 336 individuals. A conservation plan has been produced and implementation has begun.
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O'Brien, Timothy G., and Margaret F. Kinnaird. "Changing populations of birds and mammals in North Sulawesi." Oryx 30, no. 2 (April 1996): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300021530.
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The issues of habitat loss and hunting are of paramount importance to wildlife conservation in Asia. In Sulawesi, Indonesia, these problems are having a serious impact on the vertebrate fauna. Using line-transect methods, the densities of 11 species of large birds and mammals were compared between 1979 and 1994 in the Tangkoko-DuaSudara Nature Reserve in North Sulawesi. During those 15 years, populations ofanoa Bubalus depressicornis, bear cuscus Phalanger ursinus, crested black macaque Macaca nigra, maleo Macrocephalon maleo and red junglefowl Gallus gallus declined by 50–95 per cent while populations of Sulawesi pig Sus celebensis, Tabon scrubfowl Megapodius cumingii, Sulawesi tarictic hornbill Penelopides exarhatus and red-knobbed hornbill Aceros cassidix increased by 5–100 per cent. We considered hypotheses for these changes: habitat loss outside the reserve, habitat degradation inside the reserve, and hunting. Only hunting adequately explained the pattern of changing densities observed. Unless protection from hunting is enforced for these species, we may soon witness the demise of these unique animals in North Sulawesi and possibly throughout the island.
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Salahuddin, M. A. A., I. S. Rohayani, and D. A. Candri. "Species diversity of birds as bioindicators for mangroves damage at Special Economic Zones (SEZ) Mandalika in Central of Lombok, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 913, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/913/1/012058.
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Abstract The Mandalika Special Economic Zone (SEZ) was designated as a tourist area in 2015. The development of the Mandalika area directly impacts the sustainability, diversity of species, especially birds that make mangroves their habitat. The study aims to investigate the value of bird species diversity in mangrove habitats as bioindicators. Furthermore, the research has been carried out for three months, from March to May 2021. Research data collection uses the roaming method, and data analysis uses bird community structure analysis (Diversity Index). In this study, 33 species of birds were found. Furthermore, it was found that six species of birds are protected wildlife. In addition, 16 are migratory birds, and 27 are Least Concern (LC) bird species; four species have Near Threatened (NT) status. Meanwhile, the Index of bird community structure is H’ 2.7, uniformity E 0.8, and dominance C 0.9. The value of the bird community structure in the Mandalika SEZ shows the condition of mangrove habitat in the moderate damage category. Therefore, there needs to be an effort to preserve mangroves involving the community, government, and Indonesia Tourism Development Corporation (ITDC) area managers.
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Syaukani, Syaukani, Husni Husni, Alfizar Alfizar, Elly Kesumawati, Novita Novita, Siti Rusdiana, Samsul Muarrif, and Teguh Pribadi. "Deskripsi ulang rayap tanah (Subulitermes-branch): Oriensubulitermes inanis (Haviland) (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) di Indonesia." Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia 16, no. 2 (October 5, 2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5994/jei.16.2.75.
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Oriensubulitermes inanis (Haviland) merupakan salah satu jenis rayap endemik dari Wilayah Oriental dan berperan sangat penting dalam proses dekomposisi di hutan tropis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsi ulang rayap O. inanis yang dikoleksi dari Indonesia sehingga dapat membantu berbagai pihak dalam identifikasi rayap di Indonesia. Pengoleksian rayap di lapangan dilakukan dengan Standardized Sampling Protocol (Jones & Eggketon 2000) dan konfirmasi keakuratan taksonomi dilakukan di the Natural History Museum UK) dan Florida University (USA). Koloni rayap O. inanis yang ditemukan sebanyak 21 koloni dari berbagai habitat dan ketinggian di Indonesia. Karakter mandible kasta pekerja merupakan karakter penting yang sangat efektif dalam identifikasi O. inanis. Rayap ini tersebar hampir di semua pulau-pulau utama di Kawasan Asia Tenggara, diantaranya Malay Peninsula, Borneo, dan Sumatra, akan tetapi tidak ditemukan di Jawa. Batang kayu lapuk, pangkal pohon, serta sarang rayap lainnya (epigeal mounds) merupakan media yang dipergunakan untuk mendirikan sarangnya. Jumlah individu dalam koloni yang relatif sedikit, kemampuan beradaptasi yang lemah terhadap perubahan lingkungan, kemampuan terbang laron yang terbatas, dan preferensi habitat sarang yang spesifik merupakan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penyebaran rayap O. inanis di Indonesia.
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Reilly, Joanne, Guy Hills Spedding, and Apriawan. "Preliminary observations on the Sumatran rhino in Way Kambas National Park, Indonesia." Oryx 31, no. 2 (April 1997): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3008.1997.d01-8.x.
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The Sumatran rhino Dicerorhinus sumatrensis is regarded as critically endangered with a world population of approximately 400. In 1991 it was recorded in Way Kambas National Park, Sumatra, Indonesia, 30 years after the park's last rhino was believed to have been shot. A Sumatran Rhino Population and Habitat Viability Analysis (PHVA) workshop in 1993 recommended an immediate survey be carried out to assess the rhino population in the park. The Way Kambas Project recorded observations of rhino sign between 1993 and 1995. Sign was most frequently observed along trails in mature secondary forest. Data from the areas surveyed suggest the presence of at least four rhinos.
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Sulastri, S. Nomosatryo, C. Henny, and F. Sulawesty. "Functional Groups of Phytoplankton and Their Relationship with Environmental Factors in Lake Maninjau, West Sumatra, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1062, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1062/1/012012.
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Abstract Lake Maninjau is a eutrophic lake indicated by the frequent occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms. The phytoplankton functional groups (FGs) reflect the environmental characteristics and can be useful to monitor the trophic state and evaluate lake’s environmental conditions. This study aims to perceive the composition of phytoplankton FGs and their relation to the environmental factors in Lake Maninjau. The data including phytoplankton and environmental factors were collected in 2001, 2005, 2009, 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2018. There were 21 FGs of phytoplankton recorded in Lake Maninjau. FGs of D, J, F, and NA were commonly found in this Lake. The phytoplankton FGs reflected the dynamic of the environmental characteristics of the lake. The FGs NA representative of oligo to mesotrophic habitat type were predominated accounting for 66.3% to 67.69 % in May 2005 with the lake’s conditions characterized by low TP concentration, high Secchi depth and TN: TP ratio. The FGs of M representative of eutrophic to hypereutrophic habitat type were predominated accounting for 74.14 % to 94.96 % in April 2018 with the lake’s conditions characterized by high TP concentration, low TN: TP ratio, and Secchi depth. A canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that temperature, conductivity, and total phosphorus are important environmental factors to have influenced the succession of phytoplankton FGs in Lake Maninjau.
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Riley, Jon. "Population sizes and the conservation status of endemic and restricted-range bird species on Karakelang, Talaud Islands, Indonesia." Bird Conservation International 13, no. 1 (March 2003): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270903003058.
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Karakelang, largest of the Talaud Islands, Indonesia, was visited in 1999 with the aim of producing population estimates of globally threatened and Restricted-range bird species. Density estimates were calculated from primary forest and secondary habitats using the variable circular plot method. Eight of the nine restricted-range or threatened species resident on Karakelang were recorded and density estimates calculated for five of these. Two species of rail are endemic to Karakelang, Talaud Bush-hen Amaurornis magnirostris and Talaud Rail Gymnocrex talaudensis. The bush-hen was encountered in secondary habitat but occurred at higher densities in primary forest and the estimated population was 2,350–9,560 birds. The less vocal, cryptic G. talaudensis was noted just twice, in primary forest close to rivers. Both have small populations, are threatened by habitat degradation, hunting, and possibly predation by introduced rats and should be classified as threatened. Population densities of the Endangered, endemic Red-and-blue Lory Eos histrio had remained stable since the last survey in 1997. They occurred at higher densities in primary forest, but were also common in human-made habitats. The estimated population was 8,230–21,400 birds, threatened by habitat loss and trapping for the wild bird trade. Although more commonly encountered in forest, the Near Threatened Blue-naped Parrot Tanygnathus lucionensis was found at higher densities in secondary habitats, and the population was estimated at 8,130–20,700 birds. The Restricted-range Blue-tailed Imperial Pigeon D. concinna was very common on Karakelang (14,500–27,700 birds), whilst the Vulnerable Grey Imperial Pigeon D. pickeringii was recorded rarely; both species were more frequently recorded in primary forest. The endemic Talaud Kingfisher Halcyon enigma occurred at low densities (5,290–8,690 birds), in primary forest and adjacent disturbed areas. It is heavily dependent on primary forest and threatened by habitat loss, and should be classified as Vulnerable. Approximately 350 km2 of primary forest on Karakelang is protected, 250 km2 as a wildlife reserve. However, at present, management is absent and forest is threatened by agricultural encroachment, illegal logging, and fire. Given that all endemic and threatened species were encountered more frequently or occurred at higher densities in primary forests, future conservation efforts should target these protected areas. Management of reserves should involve local stakeholders from government and representatives of island communities. Wildlife trade is a major threat to Eos histrio and strict enforcement of the species' protected status should include monitoring of roost sites, patrols of harbours and markets in Talaud, Sulawesi and the Philippines, and the control of Philippine fishing boats involved in the wild bird trade. Further species-specific research and monitoring is also required.
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SUSILOWATI, ARIDA, HENTI HENDALASTUTI RACHMAT, DENI ELFIATI, and M. HABIBI HASIBUAN. "The composition and diversity of plant species in pasak bumi’s (Eurycoma longifolia) habitat in Batang Lubu Sutam forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 20, no. 2 (January 21, 2019): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200215.
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Susilowati A, Rachmat HH, Elfiati D, Hasibuan MH. 2019. The composition and diversity of plant species in pasak bumi’s (Eurycoma longifolia) habitat in Batang Lubu Sutam forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 413-418. Pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) is one of the most popular medicinal plants in Indonesia. Currently, E. longifolia is being over-exploited due to its potential and popularity as herbal medicine and its high value in the market. Therefore, the study on the population structure of the species and habitat characterization is required to ensure successfulness of conservation of this species. The study was carried out in lowland forest, located in Limited Production Forest within the Register Number 40, situated administratively in Papaso Village, Sub-District of Batang Lubu Sutam-Padang Lawas, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Batang Lubu Sutam forest is known as a source of pasak bumi material in North Sumatra. Every year tons of pasak bumi are collected from this forest and exported to Malaysia and surrounding countries. Due to illegal harvesting for its roots, pasak bumi has been seriously depleted in some areas in Batang Lubu Sutam forest. Therefore, current data on its population are needed for conservation effort of Batang Lubu Sutam's pasak bumi. The objectives of this study were to assess the structure of forest where pasak bumi grows and to determine the correct management for sustainability the future stocks. Vegetation analysis was carried out purposively in four transect belts, each consisting of five quadrats or plots. The results showed that the Importance Value Index of pasak bumi at seedling, sapling, pole and tree stages was 21.26%, 9.147%, 0, and 0 respectively. The Shannon Diversity Index (H) ranged between 3.050 and 3.220 and was inside its common value distribution. The evenness index was high, more than 0.85, at all stages of plant growth. The disappearance of pasak bumi at pole and tree stages indicates threatening condition for the sustainability of pasak bumi in the study sites because of excessive harvesting.
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Bezuijen, Mark R., Grahame J. W. Webb, Pandu Hartoyo, and Samedi. "Peat swamp forest and the false gharial Tomistoma schlegelii (Crocodilia, Reptilia) in the Merang River, eastern Sumatra, Indonesia." Oryx 35, no. 4 (October 2001): 301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3008.2001.00195.x.
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AbstractTomistoma schlegelii is a threatened crocodilian whose current range is restricted to Sumatra, Borneo (Kalimantan and Sarawak) and Peninsular Malaysia. During surveys undertaken in eastern Sumatra in 1995–1996, 15 T. schlegelii nests were located in peat swamp forest along a single tributary, the Merang River. No other areas with equivalent nest densities have yet been described. Although much peat swamp forest has been lost to logging and fire, it remains the dominant habitat in most of the current range of T. schlegelii. In the Merang River the peat swamp and T. schlegelii are threatened by a series of ongoing activities and both may be lost unless some form of innovative management programme is introduced. Peat swamp forest supports a range of other rare and threatened species, and would appear to have high conservation value. This paper reviews current information on the role of peat swamp forest in the ecology of T. schlegelii and describes the conservation threats to T. schlegelii in the Merang River.
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Utami, Retno Nur, Siti Nurul Rofiqo Irwan, Ahmad Sawardi, and Alia Bihrajihant Raya. "Daya Tarik Keanekaragaman Burung di Jalur Hijau Jalan Kota Yogyakarta." Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 26, no. 2 (April 29, 2021): 267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18343/jipi.26.2.267.
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Urban greenery plays an important role in providing a biodiversity habitat of vegetation and birds as biotics in the urban ecosystem. The biodiversity can show attractions in Yogyakarta city as a tourism destination in Indonesia. This research was conducted on three types of roads of the secondary artery (SA), secondary collector (SC), and local (L). The bird diversity depended on tree greenery as its habitat and food source. This research aimed (1) to analyze bird diversity on the roadside greenery in Yogyakarta City, and (1) to reveal the attraction of birds on the urban greenery as a tourism attraction. The sample units were selected by the method of stratified random sampling. The bird observation was used by the method of transect line conducted on the three categories of roads in Yogyakarta City. The bird diversity was analyzed by Shannon-Wiener's (H') index diversity, and bird activity was descriptively analyzed. The number of birds found in the greenery was 685 belong to 12 species. The diversity indexes (H') of the birds on the roads of the secondary artery (SA), secondary collector (SC), and local (L) categories were 0.697 (low), 1.001 (medium), and 1.246 (medium). The index shows the equal quality of the bird attractions in the city. The low-medium of index value should be improved to reach a high H'. The improvement should be carried out by landscape planning for urban tourism through planting food source trees or habitat trees for birds on the urban greenery of Yogyakarta. The strength of the urban attraction of birds was also supported by species diversity, conservation status, bird activity, habitat trees, and the ecological function of urban trees on the roadside greenery of Yogyakarta city.
Keywords: bird diversity, roadside greenery, urban attraction, urban greenery, Yogyakarta
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Trainor, Colin R. "Species richness, habitat use and conservation of birds of Alor Island, Lesser Sundas, Indonesia." Emu - Austral Ornithology 105, no. 2 (June 2005): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu03030.
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