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Journal articles on the topic 'Birra'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Geirola, Gustavo, Bruno Stagnano, and Adrián Caetano. "Pizza, birra, faso." Chasqui 28, no. 1 (1999): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/29741515.

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2

Wijayanti, Cynthia Anna. "PENGARUH KUALITAS LAYANAN DAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PADA LOYALITAS PELANGGAN DI RESTORAN PIZZA E-BIRRA." Klabat Journal of Management 1, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31154/kjm.v1i1.447.11-42.

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The purpose of this research is to examine the influence and relationship of Service Quality, Brand Loyalty and Customer’s Satisfaction as an intervening variable. The subject of the research is Indonesian-based local restaurant Pizza E-Birra under the management of Ismaya Group. The research is based on quantitative research with non-probability purposive sampling as the sampling technique and the data will be analysed using SEM Structural Equation Model with Smart PLS 3.0 as analysis tool.The research is using 5 dimensions of Service Quality, which are Physical Evidence (Tangible), Empathy, Reliability, Responsiveness and Assurance as the independent variable and its impact toward Brand Loyalty as dependent variable and also measuring the Customer Satisfaction as an intervening variable. The result show that all the hypotheses are accepted and some managerial implications needs to be done for management of Pizza E-Birra to improve their Service Quality which leads to their customer satisfaction overall for the dining experience hence will increase the level of brand loyalty among its patronage in the future ultimately. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Kualitas Layanan (Service Quality) yang mempengaruhi Loyalitas Merek (Brand Loyalty) secara langsung dan pengaruhnya jika dimediasi oleh Kepuasan Pelanggan (Customer’s Satisfaction). Subyek penelitian ini adalah restoran lokal Indonesia Pizza E-Birra dibawah kepemilikan manajemen grup Ismaya. Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel Non-Probability Purposive Sampling dan data kuesioner akan dianalisis menggunakan Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) dengan bantuan program SmartPls.. Penelitian ini menggunakan 5 dimensi dari Kualitas Layanan (Service Quality) yaitu : Physical Evidence (Tangible), Empathy, Reliability, Responsiveness dan Assurance, serta faktor Kepuasan Pelanggan (Customer’s Satisfaction) sebagai variabel mediasi, semuanya akan diteliti secara simultan untuk membuktikan ada atau tidaknya pengaruh variabel bebas dan mediasi tersebut dalam mempengaruhi Loyalitas Merek (Brand Loyalty) pada restoran Pizza E Birra. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ketiga hipotesa yang diajukan didukung, artinya Kualitas Layanan berpengaruh positif terhadap Loyalitas Merek, Kualitas layanan berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan dan yang terakhir Kualitas layanan berpengaruh pada loyalitas merek dengan mediasi kepuasan, dengan beberapa masukan kepada management Pizza E-Birra , untuk lebih memperbaiki tingkat kualitas layanan, yang berdampak pada kepuasan pelanggan yang akhirnya akan mempengaruhi tingkat loyalitas merek atas restoran Pizza E-Birra.
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3

Gimeno García, S., F. Schreier, G. Lichtenberg, and S. Slijkhuis. "Near infrared nadir sounding of vertical column densities: methodology and application to SCIAMACHY." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 4, no. 3 (June 10, 2011): 3685–737. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-4-3685-2011.

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Abstract. Nadir observations with the shortwave infrared channels of SCIAMACHY onboard the ENVISAT satellite can be used to derive information on atmospheric gases such as CO, CH4, N2O, CO2, and H2O. For the operational level 1b–2 processing of SCIAMACHY data a new retrieval code BIRRA (Beer InfraRed Retrieval Algorithm) has been developed: BIRRA performs a nonlinear least squares fit of the measured radiance, where molecular concentration vertical profiles are scaled to fit the observed data. Here we present the forward modeling (radiative transfer) and inversion (least squares optimization) fundamentals of the code along with the further processing steps required to generate higher level products such as global distributions and time series. Moreover, various aspects of level 1 (observed spectra) and auxiliary input data relevant for successful retrievals are discussed. BIRRA is currently used for operational analysis of carbon monoxide vertical column densities from SCIAMACHY channel 8 observations, and is being prepared for methane retrievals using channel 6 spectra. A set of representative CO retrievals and first CH4 results are presented to demonstrate BIRRA's capabilities.
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4

Gimeno García, S., F. Schreier, G. Lichtenberg, and S. Slijkhuis. "Near infrared nadir retrieval of vertical column densities: methodology and application to SCIAMACHY." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 4, no. 12 (December 8, 2011): 2633–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-4-2633-2011.

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Abstract. Nadir observations with the shortwave infrared channels of SCIAMACHY on-board the ENVISAT satellite can be used to derive information on atmospheric gases such as CO, CH4, N2O, CO2, and H2O. For the operational level 1b-2 processing of SCIAMACHY data, a new retrieval code BIRRA (Beer InfraRed Retrieval Algorithm) has been developed. BIRRA performs a nonlinear or separable least squares fit (with bound constraints optional) of the measured radiance, where molecular concentration vertical profiles are scaled to fit the observed data. Here we present the forward modeling (radiative transfer) and inversion (least squares optimization) fundamentals of the code along with the further processing steps required to generate higher level products such as global distributions and time series. Moreover, various aspects of level 1 (observed spectra) and auxiliary input data relevant for successful retrievals are discussed. BIRRA is currently used for operational analysis of carbon monoxide vertical column densities from SCIAMACHY channel 8 observations, and is being prepared for methane retrievals using channel 6 spectra. A set of representative CO retrievals and first CH4 results are presented to demonstrate BIRRA's capabilities.
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5

Prado, Carolina Conceição, Júlio Alves da Silva-Neto, Dayane Nulceno Duarte, and Jéssica Herculano Alves de Oliveira. "Mapeamento do comportamento parental diante da birra infantil." Concilium 22, no. 6 (November 2, 2022): 335–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.53660/clm-534-619.

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Crianças podem apresentar comportamento intolerante diante de frustrações, dificuldade em cooperar e respeitar diretrizes ou tolerar desconforto diante de restrições externas. Geralmente, pais ou familiares próximos são permissivos ou tolerantes excessivamente, e, comumente evitam estabelecer limites adequados. A presente pesquisa buscou identificar as variáveis dos comportamentos dos pais que influenciam os comportamentos de birra dos filhos. Foi realizada pesquisa quantitativa por meio de questionário com 100 pais com filho único em idade pré-escolar de 2 a 6 anos no Distrito Federal. Os resultados mostraram que 14% dos pais discordam que é importante não fazer tudo que os filhos querem, 39% evitam ao máximo que seus filhos sofram frustração, 27% acreditam que birra é coisa de criança e passa com o tempo e 10% assumiram que cedem às vontades dos filhos. Conclui-se que evitar que o filho sofra frustração é algo presente na vida dos pais pesquisados. Há a necessidade de orientação especializada para a modificação dos comportamentos permissivos dos pais para diminuir os comportamentos de birra dos filhos na busca de um ambiente com relações saudáveis para desenvolvimento da criança.
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6

Brignone, Daniela. "L'Archivio Storico e Museo Birra Peroni dal 1996 al 2021." IMPRESE E STORIA, no. 43 (October 2021): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/isto2021-043009.

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7

Sdrigotti, Fernando. "Watching the city: the politics of space inPizza, birra, faso." Journal of Latin American Cultural Studies 25, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13569325.2016.1147425.

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8

Cardoni, Andrea, John Dumay, Matteo Palmaccio, and Domenico Celenza. "Knowledge transfer in a start-up craft brewery." Business Process Management Journal 25, no. 1 (February 4, 2019): 219–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-07-2017-0205.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of the entrepreneur in the knowledge transfer (KT) process of a start-up enterprise and the ways that role should change during the development phase to ensure mid-term business survival and growth. Design/methodology/approach An in-depth, qualitative case study of Birra Flea, an Italian Craft Brewery, is presented and analysed using Liyanage et al.’s (2009) framework to identify the key components of the KT process, including relevant knowledge, key actors, transfer steps and the criteria for assessing its effectiveness and success. Findings The entrepreneur played a fundamental and crucial role in the start-up process, acting as a selective and passionate broker for the KT process. As Birra Flea matures and moves into the development phase, the role of the entrepreneur as KT’s champion needs to be integrated and distributed throughout the organisation, with the entrepreneur serving as a performance controller. Research limitations/implications This study enriches the knowledge management literature by applying a framework designed to provide a general description of KT, with some modifications, to a single case study to demonstrate its effectiveness in differentiating types of knowledge and outlining how KT can be configured to support essential business functions in an SME. Practical implications The analysis systematises the KT mechanisms that govern the start-up phase of an award-winning SME, with suggestions for how to manage KT during the development phase. Seldom are practitioners given insight into the mechanics of a successful SME start-up; this analysis serves as a practical guide for those wishing to implement effective KT strategies to emulate Birra Flea’s success. Originality/value The world’s economy thrives on SMEs, yet many fail as start-ups before they even have a chance to reach the development phase, presenting a motivation to study the early stages of SMEs. This study addresses that gap with an in-depth theoretical analysis of successful, effective KT processes in an SME, along with practical implications to enhance the knowledge, experience and skills of the actors that sustain these vital economic enterprises.
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9

Gutemberg, Alisson, and Josimey Costa Da Silva. "Metrópoles em crise e formação de uma cinecidade nos cinemas brasileiro e argentino // Metropolises in crisis and formation of a cinecity (cinecidade) in the Brazilian and Argentine cinema." Contemporânea Revista de Comunicação e Cultura 16, no. 3 (February 6, 2019): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/contemporanea.v16i3.21936.

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O artigo busca elucidar como as representações das metrópoles, na cinematografia contemporânea do Brasil e da Argentina, chegam a formar uma paisagem simbólica contínua e um único ambiente imaginário: a cinecidade, que se refere à significação resultante da produção de um sentido cultural próprio e comum para as cidades tematizadas cinematograficamente. A ideia resulta da articulação dos conceitos de cidades contínuas (CALVINO, 1990), cidade cinemática (COSTA, 2002) e cidade imaginária (PRYSTHON, 2006) e aplica-se, aqui, à análise de duas cidades: São Paulo e Buenos Aires, onde o espaço urbano fílmico surge como distópico e marcado por problemas sociais como desemprego, corrupção e violência, compondo assim uma cidade comum em crise. Entre os filmes comentados na análise estão – Mundo Grúa, Pizza, Birra, Faso, Linha de Passe e O Invasor. This paper seeks to elucidate how the representation of metropolises in the contemporary cinematography from Brazil and Argentina form a continuous symbolic landscape and a single imaginary environment: the cinecity. Addressing the signification resultant from creation of a cultural meaning proper and common to the cities cinematographically approached, this idea derived from an articulation of three concepts: continuous cities (CALVINO, 1990), cinematic city (COSTA, 2002) and imaginary city (PRYSTHON, 2006). Here, it is applied to two cities: São Paulo and Buenos Aires, where the urban filmic space emerges as dystopian and is marked by social problems as unemployment, corruption and violence, comprising a single city in crisis. Among the movies analysed are: Mundo Grúa, Pizza, Birra, Faso, Linha de Passe and O Invasor.
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10

Da Silva, Livia Fernandes Pires, Nathalia De Carvalho Freire, Rodrigo Silva De Santana, and José Massao Miasato. "Técnicas de manejo comportamental não farmacológicas na odontopediatria." Revista de Odontologia da Universidade Cidade de São Paulo 28, no. 2 (May 1, 2016): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.26843/ro_unicid.v28i2.223.

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É habitual, na vivência odontológica, deparar-se com variados tipos de comportamentos indesejados, gerados principalmente pelo medo, ansiedade, birra ou dor, interferindo no atendimento odontológico. Nesses casos, o odontopediatra poderá utilizar técnicas de manejo comportamental não farmacológicas, auxiliando, assim, no tratamento do paciente infantil. Entretanto, para que tais técnicas sejam mais efetivas, é necessário conhecer suas possíveis restrições quanto à faixa etária e perfil de cada criança, de modo a promover e estabelecer segurança e qualidade ao atendimento. Este trabalho tem como objetivo revisar e discutir por meio de literaturas as técnicas de controle comportamental em odontopediatria.
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11

Cannatelli, Benedetto, and Matteo Pedrini. "Gestione della marca, qualitÀ del prodotto e performance delle micro imprese in mercati maturi: evidenze dal segmento della birra artigianale in Italia." MERCATI & COMPETITIVITÀ, no. 3 (October 2012): 153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/mc2012-003008.

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Il presente articolo illustra i risultati di una ricerca sulla relazione tra le attivitÀ di gestione della marca, la qualitÀ dei prodotti e le performance economiche di micro imprese attive in mercati maturi. A tale scopo č svolta un'analisi in due fasi: nella prima č stata realizzata un'analisi quali-quantitativa basata su otto casi di studio approfonditi, successivamente č stato somministrato un questionario a 94 micro imprese produttrici di birra artigianale in Italia. I risultati evidenziano una relazione negativa tra l'impiego di risorse in attivitÀ di gestione della marca e la performance economica, al contrario determinata principalmente dalla qualitÀ del prodotto offerto.
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12

Euzébio, Walquíria Souza, and Iza Rodrigues Luz. "Docência na Educação Infantil: desafios diante de comportamentos agressivos das crianças." Tópicos Educacionais 27, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.51359/2448-0215.2021.250376.

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Este artigo tem como foco as ações de professoras da Educação Infantil diante de comportamentos das crianças consideradas agressivas. O referencial teórico, que tem como principal autor a teoria de Winnicott sobre a agressividade, conjuga estudos da Educação e Psicanálise. A pesquisa foi realizada com 5 professoras da Educação Infantil e 36 crianças de uma Escola Municipal de Educação Infantil de Belo Horizonte/MG. Através da observação participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas identificamos que para as professoras os comportamentos agressivos das crianças eram ações como morder, bater, empurrar, gritar, fazer “birra”, dizer palavras hostis e/ou instigar o colega a agir/falar agressivamente. Como resposta a essas ações as professoras ameaçavam e castigavam as crianças. Argumentamos aqui, que reconhecer a agressividade como constitutiva é um dos possíveis caminhos para práticas de acolhimento às crianças.
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13

Fischer, Sandra, and Aline Vaz. "A cidade além da fronteira." Tríade - Revista de Comunicação, Cultura e Mídia 7, no. 14 (April 22, 2019): 95–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.22484/2318-5694.2019v7n14p95-119.

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O presente estudo propõe reflexões a respeito do imaginário fronteiriço, fundado na análise de cotidianidades que podem promover as interdições, típicas de quadriculamentos opressores, ou as integrações, constitutivas das fronteiras culturais. Para tanto, tomamos como corpus os filmes argentinos Pizza, birra, faso (Adrián Caetano, Bruno Stagnaro; 1998) e Leonera (Pablo Trapero, 2008), obras que enquadram personagens submetidas às interdições de uma experiência urbana ‘à margem de...’. Para a superação das fronteiras, figurativizadas em barreiras as mais diversas, as personagens criam escapatórias libertadoras, ampliadas e potencializadas por meio das estratégias cinematográficas. Busca-se, assim, superar um mundo dividido por ‘lados’ constituindo brechas que viabilizam transposições de fronteiras culturais, ordenadas pelas possibilidades de “ir além”. Preservam-se, consequentemente, os afetos e as experiências do habitar em apropriações estésicas essenciais aos mundos que transcendem as barras – concretas ou nem tanto – da opressão e da discriminação.
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Salinas Muñoz, Claudio, and Hans Stange Marcus. "Experimentando las modernidades latinoamericanas: Estrategias melodramáticas en los filmes La vendedora de rosas y Pizza, birra, faso." Revista Austral de Ciencias Sociales, no. 29 (2015): 165–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4206/rev.austral.cienc.soc.2015.n29-09.

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15

Salinas, Claudio. "Colonialidad, Modernidad y representación en el cine latinoamericano contemporáneo: De Memorias del subdesarrollo a Pizza, Birra, Faso." Aisthesis, no. 51 (July 2012): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-71812012000100008.

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16

Mulatu, Akililu, Senapathy Marisennayya, and Elias Bojago. "Adoption of Modern Hive Beekeeping Technology: The Case of Kacha-Birra Woreda, Kembata Tembaro Zone, Southern Ethiopia." Advances in Agriculture 2021 (December 20, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4714020.

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Beekeeping is one of the livelihood options available to Ethiopian farmers. The objectives of this study were to analyze the level of adoption of modern hive technology by farmers and to identify the variables influencing the adoption of modern beekeeping hive technology in Kacha-Birra Woreda. Primary data were collected from 89 respondents chosen using a multistage sampling process, while qualitative data were collected through focus group discussion and key informant interviews. Data were analyzed using a binary logit regression model and descriptive statistics. According to the results of the model, several factors, such as the educational level of the respondents, the size of the land, the extension, the contact, and the access to financing and market, had a substantial impact on the adoption of modern hive beekeeping technology. It is suggested that the Livestock and Fish Resource Development office develops a strategy to help the community's illiterate members benefit more from the use of contemporary hive beekeeping technologies, develops a strategy to benefit farmers who have large land sizes with modern hive beekeeping technology, establishes extension contact with farmers before technology innovation leads to better adoption of technology, and strongly advises to link a strategy with micro-enterprises. Promotional activities focused on preventing the access to the market of respondents that must ensure their active participation in adoption.
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Sjoholm, Barbara. "How the Book "Muittalus Samid Birra" was Created: Johan Turi’s Classic Sámi Narrative as a Publishing Project." Scandinavian Studies 82, no. 3 (October 1, 2010): 313–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25769035.

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18

Aspaas, Per Pippin, and Harald Gaski. "Oassi sámi noaidevuođa birra Kaspar Peucera čállosis Commentarius de praecipuis divinationum generibus (Wittenberg 1560): Teakstakritihkalaš hámis jorgalusain ja kommentáraiguin." Nordlit, no. 33 (November 16, 2014): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/13.3172.

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<p><em>The text on Sami shamanism in Caspar Peucer’s </em>Commentarius de praecipuis divinationum generibus<em> (Wittenberg 1560): Critical edition, with translation and commentary.</em> Among the sources dealing with the shamanistic skills of the Sami (formerly Lapponian) population, a certain text by Kaspar Peucer has so far been little known. This man of extreme learning was the son-in-law of Philip Melanchthon and a Professor at the University of Wittenberg. A true polyhistor, well versed in Medicine, Geography, Astrology, Theology, etc., Peucer included in his chef-d’oeuvre on divination an elaborate description of the shamanism of the so-called <em>Pilappii</em>. The present article offers a critical edition of this text, based on the editions of Wittenberg 1560 (A), 1572 (B), 1580 (C), as well as Zerbst 1591 (D) and Frankfurt 1593 (E). In addition to translations into North Sami and Norwegian (see Appendix), some contextualisation is offered, which can be summarised as follows: A similar testimony on shamanism is found in the <em>Historia de gentibus Septentrionalibus</em> by Olaus Magnus (Rome 1555). However, that text is not elaborate enough to prove that Kaspar Peucer has copied his description from him. It is more likely that some student among the considerable number of Swedes, Finns and Norwegians that were immatriculated at Wittenberg University in the years following the Reformation, presented this account to Peucer. Many details in the account make it strikingly similar to Sami folk narratives that have been assembled several centuries later. For example, the description of maritime Sami by Anders Larsen (1870–1949), the Sami book by Johan Turi (published 1910) and Sami songs (<em>joik</em>) that were collected by Jacob Fellman in the 1820’s can be compared with Peucer’s account. Peucer himself, however, categorised the shamanism of the Sami as a form of <em>theomanteia</em>, i.e. a form of magic which he considered to originate not from the true God, but from the Devil.</p>
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Teshome, Melese Sinaga, Desalech H. Meskel, and Beyene Wondafrash. "Determinants of Anemia Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinic at Public Health Facilities in Kacha Birra District, Southern Ethiopia." Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare Volume 13 (September 2020): 1007–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/jmdh.s259882.

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Wærp, Lisbeth P. "Hamsuns Markens grøde (1917) som sideskrift til Johan Turis Muitalus sámiid birra – En bog om lappernes liv (1910)." Edda 108, no. 4 (December 3, 2021): 238–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/issn.1500-1989-2021-04-02.

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Zavaleta Balarezo, Jorge. "Imágenes de sobrevivencia: del realismo urbano del Grupo Chaski al Perú contemporáneo de Claudia Llosa." Catedral Tomada. Revista de crítica literaria latinoamericana 5, no. 9 (January 5, 2018): 143–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ct/2017.245.

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The article analyzes the first films of the Grupo Chaski and Claudia Llosa, two strong references in the Peruvian cinema of the last thirty years. Through the critique of the ideas and characteristics of these movies, the essay tries to build a image of Peru, a country where democracy returned in 1980 and since then he has had presidents accused of corruption and abuse of power such as Alan García, Alberto Fujimori, Alejandro Toledo and Ollanta Humala. The works of Chaski focus on poverty and vulnerability of children in Lima, a big city, capital of the country, in the 1980s. In this sense, they are previous stories to “cine de la marginalidad” that in the 1990s featured movies so realistic like Pizza, birra, faso, La vendedora de rosas, Ciudad de Dios or Ratas, ratones, rateros. Claudia Llosa´s work, called international attention when her second film, La teta asustada, won the Golden Bear, the main prize at Berlin Festival. This film, that establishes a necessary continuity to her first film, Madeinusa, is a portrait of the postwar years in the Peruvian Andes, those of the violence of Sendero Luminoso and how the Army designed a destructive strategy. The article looks for an overview of Peruvian society of the last thirty years, characterized for the structural poverty, terrorism, the development of neoliberal reforms and the corruption of the State at different levels.
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Conti, Micaela. "Nuevo Cine Argentino y Nuevo Cine Cordobés. Elementos contextuales de ambos fenómenos y características formales en los films representativos: Pizza, birra, faso y De caravana." TOMA UNO, no. 5 (June 15, 2017): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.55442/tomauno.n5.2016.17209.

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En este artículo abordamos el análisis de dos films argentinos que fueron, de alguna manera, fundantes de los fenómenos conocidos como Nuevo Cine Argentino y Nuevo Cine Cordobés. La hipótesis que buscamos sostener es que en ambos casos, el consenso de la crítica, los realizadores y el público no fue unívoco, sino que implicó discusiones que continúan en la actualidad, ya que se trata de hechos complejos con distintas interpretaciones. A raíz de esto nos preguntamos: ¿Cuál es la novedad en relación a lo anterior? ¿Qué mundo/s representan estos films? ¿Cuáles son los recursos formales de la imagen y el sonido presentes? Recurrimos a publicaciones especializadas que dan cuenta del debate teórico que se generó en las distintas décadas y contextos, para plantear un estado de la situación que enmarque los casos específicos de los films analizados.
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Samatha, Yalamanchili, Charishma Birra, Sujatha Bandi, Mahesh Chinta, Sridevi Enuganti, and Sridhar Mukthineni. "Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage in Restored Primary Molars using Conventional and Chemomechanical Removal of Carious Tissue: An in vitro Study." Journal of Contemporary Dentistry 6, no. 2 (2016): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1153.

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ABSTRACT Background and objective Microleakage of restored teeth can be considered as a major contributing factor for the occurrence of tooth discoloration, secondary caries, deterioration of restorative material, postoperative tooth sensitivity, and pulpal irritation. The objective of this study was to compare the microleakage of primary molars restored with conventional glassionomer cement (GIC) and Giomer after caries removal using conventional cavity preparation (CCP) and chemo-mechanical caries removal (CMCR) techniques. Materials and Methods Sixty extracted carious human primary molars were randomly assigned into three groups of 20 each based on the method of caries removal: Group A: CCP technique; group B: CMCR using Papacarie gel; and group C: CMCR using Carisolv gel. Each group was further divided into two of 10 teeth each according to the restorative material used – conventional GIC (Fuji II) and Giomer (Beautifil II). The restored teeth were thermocycled, immersed in methylene blue dye, sectioned, and examined under stereomicroscope to elicit the dye penetration scores. Results The results demonstrated that none of the restorative materials were free from microleakage. In Fuji II samples highest microleakage scores were noticed in group A (2.09) followed by group B (0.64), and least in group C (0.27), which were statistically significant. However, in Giomer samples no statistical significant difference in microleakage scores was noticed among the three groups. Conclusion Chemo-mechanical caries removal technique showed less microleakage when compared to CCP technique and the marginal sealing ability of Giomer was superior to conventional GIC. How to cite this article Sankar AJS, Birra C, Bandi S, Chinta M, Enuganti S, Mukthineni S. Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage in Restored Primary Molars using Conventional and Chemomechanical Removal of Carious Tissue: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(2):108-113.
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Emmerick, R. E. "Khotanese birre." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 122, no. 1 (January 1990): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0035869x00107804.

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In the Khotanese Sudhana story it is related that Sudhana will come upon a rākṣasī and must slay her with his sword. The Khotanese text reads at this point kāḍara jse vara ṣṭau raysga vīra jsanauña (Ch 00266.178–9 KBT 28) = kāḍąrinai vara ṣṭāṃ raysgi vī jsanñä (P 2957.118 KBT 37), which Sir Harold Bailey rendered “There he must promptly slay her with his sword” (BSOAS XXIX, no. 3, 1966, 512). MS. P. 4089a presents a variant reading for this line: kāḍara-birre raysaga vīra jsanauña (P 4089a.2–3 KBT 20). In his Dict. p. 287 Bailey renders it “with cut of sword, she must swiftly be slain”. In birre he sees a word attested only here and meaning “with cut”.
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Ptak, Bartosz, and Grażyna Wąsik. "Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome." Dermatology Review 108, no. 4 (2021): 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/dr.2021.110784.

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Bayer, Jerzy. "Birma od środka." Azja-Pacyfik 13, no. 1 (December 31, 2010): 164–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/ap201010.

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Judge, Rajbir Singh. "Birha." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 42, no. 3 (December 1, 2022): 603–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-10148260.

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Abstract Focusing on early twentieth-century Punjab, this article considers how situating the region into historical context circumscribes the literary by tying it to place, thereby creating a seamless economy of exchange. In contrast, noting the refusal of literary and artistic output to be adjudicated into context, this article asks, Is it possible to consider the encounters within the Punjabi literary and artistic scene through a dislocation rather than a circuitous exchange within a singular Punjab? The author ponders this question by considering how analyses centered on exchange are unavoidable when situated within historicity—analyses that emerged in the colonial period as a central way to understand Sikh literary production. Such a grasp on Punjab, the Sikh tradition, and historicity, however, is loosened when we consider the nonhuman. The nonhuman, in other words, challenges the overt focus on history, conquest, and vision that undergirds our understanding of the Punjabi literary scene by functioning as an impediment to mediation, translation, and recognition. The focus on the nonhuman is not to offer a more robust or precise recognition to Punjab but to disarticulate the very contours of recognition through a focus on the eye.
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Restiyadi, Andri, Lolita Refani Lumban-Tobing, Anik Juli Dwi Astuti, Churmatin Nasoichah, and Mochammad Fauzi Hendrawan. "KONSTELASI KERUANGAN BIARA SANGKILON, KAWASAN KEPURBAKALAAN PADANG LAWAS BAGIAN SELATAN PADA ABAD XI—XIV MASEHI." Forum Arkeologi 33, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24832/fa.v33i1.587.

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Biara Sangkilon is one of the many biaras in the in Padang Lawas archaeological area located in Sangkilon Village, Lubuk Barumun District, Padang Lawas Regency. In general, the arrangement of biaras in this region has its own characteristics, namely the main building facing the mandapa, with one gate. The problem raised in this paper is how the spatial constellation of Biara Sangkilon is? The writing purpose of this article is to get a description of the space boundaries based on the distinction of spatial functions and their relationships in the Biara Sangkilon Complex. Through descriptive-analytical research it can be seen in fact through the form of structure, distance, findings artifactual, and boundaries, there is a fairly clear division of space between sacred space, and profane at Biara Sangkilon. Biara Sangkilon merupakan salah satu dari sekian banyak biara di Kawasan Kepurbakalaan Padang Lawas yang terletak di Desa Sangkilon, Kecamatan Lubuk Barumun, Kabupaten Padang Lawas. Secara umum, susunan biara-biara yang terdapat di kawasan ini memiliki ciri khas tersendiri yaitu bangunan utama berhadapan dengan mandapa, dengan satu pintu gerbang. Adapun permasalahan yang diangkat dalam makalah ini adalah bagaimanakah konstelasi keruangan Biara Sangkilon? Tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang batas-batas ruang yang didasarkan pada pembedaan fungsi-fungsi ruang beserta relasirelasinya yang terdapat di Kompleks Biara Sangkilon. Melalui penelitian yang bersifat deskriptifanalitis dapat diketahui ternyata melalui bentuk struktur, jarak, temuan artefaktual, dan batasbatas, terdapat pembagian ruang yang cukup jelas antara ruang sakral, dan profan di Biara Sangkilon.
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Sinthumule, Ndidzulafhi Innocent, and Leonard Colbert Mbhoni Mzamani. "Communities and Conservation: Marula Trees (Sclerocarya birrea subsp. caffra) Under Communal Management at Matiyane Village, Limpopo Province, South Africa." Tropical Conservation Science 12 (January 2019): 194008291982896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940082919828969.

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Sclerocarya birrea subsp. caffra (Marula) is widely used throughout its natural distribution range by rural populations to meet livelihoods requirements. Every part of the tree, including the fruits, branches, stem and roots, provides goods and services of high cultural, social, and economic importance. Its usefulness and unique properties have encouraged local people to retain S. birrea in communal areas. However, there is a paucity of data quantifying the role of local communities in conserving S. birrea. This study quantifies the role of local communities in protecting S. birrea in 300 randomly selected households in Matiyane Village, Limpopo Province, South Africa. The study found that the majority of the respondents (92%; N = 276) are positive about the conservation of S. birrea. Most importantly, the respondents play a significant role in the protection of S. birrea in the village. Management strategies and factors responsible for the protection of S. birrea in communal land are discussed.
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Iacono, D., I. Pantano, D. Birra, G. Scalise, M. A. Coscia, V. Messiniti, G. Loi, A. Merchionda, P. Moscato, and F. Ciccia. "AB0315 RETENTION RATE OF ABATACEPT MONOTHERAPY IN AN ITALIAN MULTICENTRIC RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS COHORT." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1456.1–1457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5780.

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Background:EULAR recommendations focus the importance of Methotrexate (MTX) therapy as a key element in the treatment of patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), alone as first line therapy and in combination with biological Disease Modifying Anti-rheumatic Drug (bDMARDs). Abatacept (CTLA4-Ig) in Europe is approved for the treatment of moderate to severe active RA in combination with MTX. Several patients, however, discontinue MTX for intolerance, side effects or contraindications, and real-life data demonstrate how, even in patients receiving therapy with MTX, compliance could be suboptimal. The only data on the use of abatacept in monotherapy come from the ORA-Registry, where a worse performance is observed in monotherapy patients.Objectives:To evaluate a multicenter cohort of RA patients treated with Abatacept in patients underwent combined MTX therapy vs monotherapy.Methods:We retrospectively evaluated RA patients, referring to 2 Italian rheumatology centers, treated with Abatacept monotherapy or in combination with MTX. We compared both persistence in therapy and the rate of remission/low disease activity according to Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) between the 2 groups.Results:We enrolled 147 patients, out of them 66 patients were on monotherapy with Abatacept due to intolerance or controindications and 81 in therapy with Abatacept plus MTX. The two cohorts appeared homogeneous in age, gender, disease duration and baseline activity indexes, with the only difference being higher baseline Physician Global assessment (PhGA) values in monotherapy patients. During the follow-up (median duration 24±14 months), the retention rate of Abatacept treatment was 71.2% in MTX patients (median duration 27–15.6 months) and 62.1% in monotherapy patients (median duration 25.2–17.5; p=ns). No differences between the two groups in terms of retention rate, low-disease activity and CDAI remission (log rank p=ns), Breslow p=ns) were detected.Conclusion:In patients with RA with intolerance or contraindication to MTX use, Abatacept monotherapy could be an efficient and safe option even in the long term follow-up.References:[1]Abatacept monotherapy compared with abatacept plus disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis patients: data from the ORA registry.Truchetet ME et al. Arthritis Res Ther. 2016 Mar 30;18:72.Disclosure of Interests:DANIELA IACONO Speakers bureau: PFIZER, BRISTOL MAYERS SQUIBB, SANOFI, Ilenia Pantano: None declared, domenico birra: None declared, GIUSEPPE SCALISE: None declared, Melania Alessia Coscia: None declared, VALENTINA MESSINITI: None declared, Gabriella Loi: None declared, Anna Merchionda: None declared, Paolo Moscato: None declared, francesco ciccia Grant/research support from: pfizer, novartis, roche, Consultant of: pfizer, novartis, lilly, abbvie, Speakers bureau: pfizer, novartis, lilly, abbvie
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Chimenti, M. S., G. L. Fonti, P. Conigliaro, F. Sunzini, R. Scrivo, L. Navarini, P. Triggianese, et al. "FRI0270 ONE-YEAR EFFECTIVENESS, RETENTION RATE AND SAFETY OF SECUKINUMAB IN ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS AND PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS: A REAL-LIFE MULTICENTRE STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3777.

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Background:Secukinumab (SEC) is the first interleukin-17A inhibitor showing efficacy in both ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in randomised trials, but real-life data are lacking.Objectives:In this prospective observational study, we evaluated the effectiveness and safety of SEC in patients with AS and PsA in a real-life setting.Methods:From September 2018 to September 2019, data were collected from 168 consecutive outpatients at baseline (T0) and at 6 (T6) and 12 months (T12) after starting SEC (39 AS, 23%; 129 PsA, 77%).Results:Significant improvement was seen at T6 and T12 for all clinical variables, including TJC, SJC, ESR, CRP, DAPSA, ASDAS-CRP, and BASDAI, as well as in patient-reported outcomes such as VAS-pain. By multivariable regression analysis, in AS patients high BASDAI at T0 correlated with diagnostic delay (R2=0.4; p=0.009) and peripheral joint involvement (R2=0.4; p=0.04). During follow-up, reduction of BASDAI positively correlated with high ESR (R2=0.65; p=0.04). ASDAS-CRP at T0 positively correlated with high ESR (R2=0.34; p=0.004). Reduction of ASDAS-CRP from T0 to T6 correlated with current smoking status (R2=0.42; p=0.0005). In PsA patients, reduction of DAPSA score from T0 to T12 negatively correlated with the presence of metabolic syndrome (R2=0.41; p= 0.0025). Retention rate showed good drug survival and an influence of female sex (Figure 1) in the survival curve in only AS patients, but no differences based on BMI, gender and lines of treatment were observed (Figure 2). SEC was well tolerated: Eleven patients discontinued treatment for non-severe adverse events.Conclusion:We demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of SEC in patients with AS and PsA in a real-life setting for the first time. No gender differences were observed; however, less clinical improvement was seen in smokers and in patients with metabolic syndromeReferences:No references.Disclosure of Interests:Maria Sole Chimenti: None declared, giulia lavinia fonti: None declared, Paola Conigliaro: None declared, flavia sunzini: None declared, Rossana Scrivo: None declared, luca navarini: None declared, paola triggianese: None declared, giusy peluso: None declared, Palma Scolieri: None declared, rosalba caccavale: None declared, Andrea Picchianti-Diamanti: None declared, erica de martino: None declared, simonetta salemi: None declared, domenico birra: None declared, Alessio Altobelli: None declared, marino paroli: None declared, Vincenzo Bruzzese: None declared, Bruno Laganà: None declared, Elisa Gremese Speakers bureau: Abbvie, BMS, Celgene, Jannsen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, UCB, fabrizio conti Speakers bureau: BMS, Lilly, Abbvie, Pfizer, Sanofi, Antonella Afeltra: None declared, Roberto Perricone: None declared
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Bhakti, Tri Putra, and Petrus Rudi Kasimun. "KOMPLEK BIARA KOTA KONTEMPORER BERBASIS WISATA DI KECAMATAN TAMANSARI." Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa) 1, no. 1 (September 9, 2019): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v1i1.3965.

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Biara sebagai bangunan pewadah kehidupan monastik, memiliki sejarah panjang dan telah berkembang selama 18 abad. Dalam perkembangannya, arsitektur biara memiliki nilai-nilai esensial yang terus dipertahankan, namun di sisi yang lain kompleksitas arsitektur biara terus meningkat karena penyisipan nilai atau injeksi program yang baru didalamnya sebagai upaya untuk beradaptasi terhadap perubahan konteks. Proyek ini merupakan perancangan biara dengan injeksi kegiatan pariwisata berbasis spiritual didalamnya, dimana intervensi pariwisata menghasilkan aktifitas dan kondisi yang berbeda dan menuntut rancangan biara kontemporer yang sesuai. Sebagai bangunan spiritual dimana fungsionalitas dan pengalaman ruang adalah sama penting, digunakan dua metode yang berintikan pada teori tipe. Pertama untuk fungsionalitas, mengamati evolusi tipe bangunan biara yang dikomparasikan dengan pengamatan perkembangan kehidupan monastik sebagai inti yang membentuk biara sendiri untuk mencari esensi dari biara dan menemukan bagian rancangan yang perlu diubah. Kedua untuk pengalaman ruang, pencarian arke-tipe pemacu persepsi kesakralan dan teritori lingkupan religi melalui pengamatan evolusi tipe bangunan, yang kemudian disusun kembali sesuai dengan teori-teori pembentukan ruang sakral. Diharapkan hasil perancangan dapat menjadi pewadah kegiatan mindfulness yang memudahkan pengunjung mendapatkan relaxation response (Benson, 1993) yang bermanfaat meningkatkan daya fokus, ketenangan dan produktifitas. Bagi kota Jakarta sendiri, memberikan dampak positif secara tidak langsung bagi perkembangan ekonomi kota, dan meningkatkan atraksi lintasan wisata religi di Kecamatan Tamansari dan Kecamatan Gambir, Jakarta.
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White, T. D., J. M. Kean, and B. I. P. Barratt. "The biocontrol information resource for ERMA New Zealand applicants (BIREA) an evaluation." New Zealand Plant Protection 61 (August 1, 2008): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2008.61.6825.

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An evaluation of the Biocontrol Information Resource for ERMA New Zealand Applicants (BIREA http//wwwb3nzorg/birea) website was undertaken BIREA aims to assist applicants to ERMA New Zealand wishing to introduce biocontrol agents to New Zealand to submit a welldeveloped and informed application The website also has potential for educating overseas biocontrol practitioners and the general public on biological control safety ERMA New Zealand had received no new applications for import or release of biocontrol agents since the website went live in April 2007 so BIREA was evaluated by interviewing past applicants and key stakeholders In addition potential users of the site were surveyed and an analysis of internet visitors to the website was undertaken Overall BIREA was highly rated and was thought to be a useful tool by past applicants and stakeholders However for BIREA to become an effective means of public education adjustments to make the site public friendly would be required BIREA was accessed approximately hourly by a wide range of visitors from at least 55 countries
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Gouveia, Rosa. "As birras na criança." Revista Portuguesa de Clínica Geral 25, no. 6 (November 1, 2009): 702–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.32385/rpmgf.v25i6.10697.

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OSMASTON, B. B. "The Birda of Ladakh." Ibis 68, no. 2 (June 28, 2008): 446–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1926.tb07597.x.

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Franzoso, Marco. "Fernando Birri: cine-poesía." El Hilo de la Fabula, no. 18 (November 21, 2018): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14409/hf.v0i18.7344.

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Un hombre, Birri, cuya obra maestra es, sin duda alguna, su propia vida y cuya preocupación principal fue la de seguir (r)evolucionando: «una revolución que no revoluciona permanentemente sus lenguajes, alfabetos, gestos, miradas, involuciona o muere» (Ibíd.: 235), escribió. Humanista contemporáneo, puso su arte al servicio del hombre: la cámara fue ojo, el micrófono oído y las palabras cerebro. «Cada error en la interpretación del hombre, comporta un error en la interpretación del mundo» se lee en su manifiesto Por un Nuevo Nuevo Cine latinoamericano (Ibíd.: 236). En estas pocas páginas trataremos de tejer unas líneas para leer la vida-obra de Fernando Birri, focalizando la atención en la relación fundante entre cine y poesía.
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López Quiñonez, Fabián, Judith Obando Velasco, and Merida Rodriguez Lopez. "Brechas en la investigación relacionadas con el acceso al control prenatal en Colombia*." Gerencia y Políticas de Salud 20 (December 30, 2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.rgps20.bira.

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Objetivo. Identificar las brechas de investigación relacionadas con el acceso al control prenatal (CPN), según los estudios colombianos publicados entre 1998 y 2018. Métodos. Revisión crítica del estado del arte y una descripción de la relación entre el número de artículos por departamentos del país y tres indicadores relacionados con el programa de CPN. Se realizó la búsqueda de artículos publicados en inglés o español en Ebsco, ProQuest, Medline, Science Direct, Scielo y Pubmed y se revisaron documentos oficiales nacionales. Los indicadores del CPN se obtuvieron del sistema de información nacional en salud. Se identificó el departamento, el tipo de estudio, la definición de acceso y los factores relacionados. Resultados. Se incluyeron 25 artículos y 7 documentos oficiales nacionales. Predominaron los estudios cuantitativos. El 28% de los estudios no reportó una definición operativa de acceso. El acceso se midió como el uso de servicios. La definición más usada fue la asistencia a una, cuatro o más consultas. Los factores sociodemográficos fueron los más explorados. No se encontraron estudios sobre acceso a CPN en 20 de los 33 departamentos del país. Conclusiones. No se evidenció acuerdo en la definición de acceso ni homogeneidad en las variables o categorías exploradas. Se identificó una deficiencia de estudios en los departamentos con peores indicadores del programa. En el país se requieren intervenciones orientadas a reducir estas disparidades en la investigación.
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Gouwakinnou, Gerard Nounagnon, Achille Ephrem Assogbadjo, Anne Mette Lykke, and Brice Sinsin. "Phenotypic variations in fruits and selection potential in Sclerocarya birrea subsp. birrea." Scientia Horticulturae 129, no. 4 (July 2011): 777–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2011.05.041.

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Tuliński, Arkadiusz. "Oficerowie Biura Historycznego i Wojskowego Biura Historycznego w latach 1922–1939 (część 2)." Przegląd Historyczno-Wojskowy 21, no. 2 (2020): 161–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.32089/wbh.phw.2020.2(272).0006.

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The presented biographical collective study concerns the officers of the Historical Bureau/Military Historical Bureau (BH/WBH). It contains biographical notes on officers serving in BH/WBH in 1922–1939, preceded by a preliminary collective portrait of the officers. The biographical notes were prepared taking into account especially their age, civil education, knowledge of foreign languages, the course of military service, work in headquarters or such entities as military museums or educational institutions. The author’s intention was to concisely present both the dynamic development of the office and the professional level of officers assigned to it.
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Tuliński, Arkadiusz. "Oficerowie Biura Historycznego i Wojskowego Biura Historycznego w latach 1922–1939 (część 1)." Przegląd Historyczno-Wojskowy 20, no. 4 (2019): 157–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.32089/wbh.phw.2019.4(270).0005.

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The presented biographical collective study concerns the officers of the Historical Bureau/Military Historical Bureau (BH/WBH). It contains biographical notes on officers serving in BH/WBH in 1922–1939, preceded by a preliminary collective portrait of the officers. The biographical notes were prepared taking into account especially their age, civil education, knowledge of foreign languages, the course of military service, work in headquarters or such entities as military museums or educational institutions. The author’s intention was to concisely present both the dynamic development of the office and the professional level of officers assigned to it.
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Majewski, Wojciech, and Jan Pawlowski. "Morphologic and molecular diversity of the foraminiferal genus Globocassidulina in Admiralty Bay, King George Island." Antarctic Science 22, no. 3 (March 22, 2010): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102010000106.

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AbstractFour distinctive morphological types can be found among living Globocassidulina in surface sediments of Admiralty Bay (King George Island, South Shetland Islands). The molecular analysis of the SSU and ITS rDNA indicates that they are monospecific and belong to Globocassidulina biora, except for minute forms from deeper than 200 m water depth which probably represent G. subglobosa. The morphological types of G. biora that show doubled or branched apertures, varied test size and shape as well as colour of cytoplasm, represent populations at different stages of ontogenetic development. However, the variability among large G. biora from the same locations is difficult to comprehend. It seems probable that G. biora is the only recent, large, shallow water Globocassidulina represented throughout the Antarctica, while G. crassa is typical for the Magellan region.
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Høyersten, Jon Geir, and Siri Nome. "Hva bør rettspsykiatrien bidra med?" Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening 134, no. 18 (2014): 1762–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.14.0392.

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Brodwall, Kristoffer. "Kan frykt bidra til astmautvikling?" Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening 135, no. 23/24 (2015): 2147. http://dx.doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.15.1161.

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Kamanula, Mussa, Chimuleke Yangontha Munthali, and John Finias Kamanula. "Yield and Physicochemical Properties of Marula (Sclerocarya birrea) Seed Oils among Nine International Provenances Tested in Malawi." International Journal of Agronomy 2022 (December 24, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7145113.

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Sclerocarya birrea (Marula) is an indigenous fruit tree that is revered for its numerous socioeconomic contributions to human livelihood. Among others, the species is an important source of seed oil that is utilized in various domestic and industrial applications. This study was carried out to assess the yield and physicochemical properties of seed oils among nine international provenances of Sclerocarya birrea (subspecies caffra and birrea) planted in Malawi. Seed oils were obtained using the Soxhlet extraction method while quality parameters were determined using procedures described by the Malawi Bureau of Standards. Oil yield was highest (52.2%) in subspecies birrea (Missira provenance; Mali). Oil moisture content, free fatty acids, acid value, and peroxide value ranged from 0.06 to 076%, 1.96 to 4.07%, 3.91 to 8.13 mg·KOH/g, and 1.84 to 5.15 meq·KOH/g, respectively. Variations in oil yield and physicochemical properties could be attributed to genetic differences and the origin of genotypes. The selection of Sclerocarya birrea for oil production and use should be based on both provenance and subspecies levels. Further studies should study the heritability of the oil content and its physicochemical properties before conclusive decisions on the use of seed for propagation are carried out.
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Kudelska, Marta, Agnieszka Staszczyk, and Agata Świerzowska. "‘Ekam sad viprā basathudhā vadanti’ - inclusivism - the idea of a reformed Hinduism in the iconographic program of the Birla temples." Studia Religiologica 54, no. 2 (2021): 109–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20844077sr.21.007.14198.

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The fundraising activity initiated by the Birla family in India resulted in the construction of more than 20 Hindu temples, commonly referred to as the Birla Mandirs. Although they vary in terms of architectural forms and iconographic programs it seems, that one basic and common theme remains - to show reformed Hinduism as a religion that is the pillar of the identity of the people of New India. It is understood at the same time as separate but also higher than other great religions, yet assuring a place within its confines for all of them. It is – as the authors argue in this paper - the practical realization of the thought expressed in the Ṛgveda(I 164.46) and repeatedly referred to in the Birla temples as ‘ekam sad viprā bahudhā vadanti’, which seems to be the motto of all foundations of the Birla family.
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Pettersen, Marthe, and Eli Lejonberg. "Elevrespons i praksisveiledning." Nordisk tidsskrift i veiledningspedagogikk 7, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15845/ntvp.v7i1.3336.

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Praksisveiledere i skolen skal bidra til at fremtidens lærere utvikler relevant kompetanse. Dette bidraget tar utgangspunkt i forskning som indikerer at det er viktig, men vanskelig, for veiledere å bidra til at teoretisk forankring og refleksjon er bærebjelker i veiledning. I studien har lærerstudenter og deres praksisveiledere prøvd ut et forskningsbasert verktøy for innhenting av elevers tilbakemeldinger på lærerstudentens undervisning. Elevenes respons er lagt til grunn for veiledningssamtaler. Data er hentet ved å observere veiledningssamtaler hvor elevrespons tas i bruk og ved å intervjue lærerstudenter om erfaringer med å motta og bruke elevrespons i praksis. Analysene er forankret i teori om ulike tilnærminger til veiledning. Funnene kan tyde på at bruk av verktøy i praksisveiledning kan bidra til teoretisk forankret refleksjon knyttet til kompetanse lærere trenger og bidra både til å støtte og å utfordre lærerstudenter.
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47

Turibamwe, Edson, and Rapheal Wangalwa. "A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO BIOLOGICAL MONITORING SYSTEMS IN ASSESSING WATER QUALITY: A CASE OF RIVER BIRIRA, SHEEMA DISTRICT, UGANDA." Water Conservation and Management 4, no. 1 (January 23, 2020): 07–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/wcm.01.2020.07.14.

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River Birira stretches through Kitagata town council and near Kitagata hot springs in southwestern Uganda. These areas receive an inflow of people that utilize the hot springs because of the belief of healing associated with the water. This has led to increased human activities along river Birira, which may negatively impact on the ecological integrity of the river. A number of countries have developed biological monitoring systems to assess the water quality of rivers and streams, however non has been developed specifically for Uganda. This study therefore aimed to assess the water quality of river Birira and determine the compatibility and usability of Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP) and Tanzania River Scoring System (TARISS) biological monitoring systems in a Ugandan setting. In this study, four sampling sites were selected basing on human activities taking place along river Birira. The sites were assessed for both physico-chemical and biological parameters using standard methods. In this study 9 physicochemical parameters were used in the computation of water quality index (WQI). Findings of this study indicated that sites in close proximity with the bathing pool of Kitagata hot springs were severely impacted and had undesirable water quality. Results also showed that the water of river Birira is generally unsuitable for human consumption, therefore, needs thorough treatment before consumption and domestic use. This study further revealed that both BMWP and TARISS monitoring systems give similar deductions about the water quality of river Birira. Therefore, any one of the monitoring systems can be adopted in assessing the water quality of the River.
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Renaud Nonmarmbaye, Nadège Kouemou, Sidiki Neteydji, Jacqueline Stephanie Kameni Njapdounke, Touo’yem Nkemmo Stéphane Willy, and Elisabeth Ngo Bum. "Mnemonic and neuroprotective properties of Sclerocarya birrea root bark decoction on mouse model of monosodium glutamate-induced neurotoxicity involve by its antioxidant activities." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 17, no. 1 (October 30, 2021): 193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.17.1.0318.

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Ethnopharmacological relevance: Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. (Anacardiaceae) is a medicinal plant known for the treatment of several diseases such as epilepsy, hypertension, inflammation and memory disorders in Cameroonian folk medicine. Aim of the study: The aim of this work is to evaluate the memory improvement and neuroprotective effects of Sclerocarya birrea aqueous root bark extracts and investigate it antioxidant properties. Materials and methods: T-maze and the object recognition test in an open field were used for behavioral testing to detect its neuroprotective and memory improvement properties. The DPPH test was used to predict antioxidant activities in vitro. The in vivo antioxidant activities of the aqueous extracts were investigated using the Monosodium glutamate induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity mouse model. After the behavioral testing, animals were decapitated and the brains were removed for oxidative stress biomarkers determination. Results: Sclerocarya birrea decreased the preferred arm choice latency and the time spent in the discriminated, in the T-maze. It increased exploration time and recognition index, and decreased the latency to explore the new object B. In addition, Sclerocarya birrea increased the superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, and reduced glutathione level. Conclusion: These results suggest that Sclerocarya birrea possess neuroprotective and mnemonic activities in mice that might involve by its free radicals scavenging properties
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49

Bailey, Mark E. "The RAS at Birr." Astronomy & Geophysics 38, no. 5 (October 1, 1997): 17–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/astrog/38.5.17.

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50

GÜRDAMAR, Ersin. "Demokrat Parti Dönemi'nde Bira Sanayisi'nin Gelişimi (1950-1960)." JOURNAL OF HISTORY AND FUTURE 8, no. 4 (December 22, 2022): 1311–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21551/jhf.1213629.

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Bira üretimi ve tüketimi Osmanlı döneminde Anadolu topraklarında oldukça sınırlı kalmıştır. Düşük alkollü bir içki olan bira, arpa ve şerbetçi otu içermesi sebebiyle ziraat alanını da kapsamaktaydı. 1800'lü yıllar itibarı ile Avrupa'nın ekonomik ağları Osmanlı'nın biracılık sektörünü de kapsamaya başlamıştı. Cumhuriyet yönetimi katma değer üretme ve ziraat ile sanayinin buluştuğu alanları önemseme yolunda oldukça kararlıydı. Osmanlı döneminde geri kalmış olan bu alanda yatırımlar yapılması kaçınılmazdı. Atatürk Orman Çiftliği'nde 1934 yılında bir Bira Fabrikası açılmıştı. Üreten köylü aynı zamanda ürününü işleme fırsatına da sahip olmuştu. Bu yıllarda bira ihracatı tüm dünyada zordu. Bununla birlikte iç tüketim yerli imkanlarla karşılanmıştı. Birada 1940 yılına gelindiğinde tekel uygulaması başlamıştı. Böylece özel sektörün gelişmekte olan bir sanayisine yapabileceği olumsuz etkiler önlenmiş olacaktı. 1950 yılında iktidara gelen Demokrat Parti, Tekel Bakanlığı'nın elinde bulunan bira dahil bazı ürünleri devletin elinden tasfiye ederek özel sektöre açtı. Bununla birlikte bira sadece gelir getiren değil aynı zamanda tarımı geliştiren bir üründü. Ancak bira sektörünün özel sektöre açılması beklenen etkiyi yaratmadı. Büyük kârlar göremeyen yabancı sermaye Demokrat Parti döneminde biracılık alanında Türkiye'ye giriş yapmadı. Bu durumda mevcut iki fabrika kapasitesinin üstünde üretim yapmaya zorlandı. Demokrat Parti, iki fabrikanın üretim kapasitesini artırmaktan başka bir politika uygulayamadı. Yozgat'ta kurulması planlanan yeni fabrika ise uygulamaya geçirilemedi. Bu çalışmanın amacı liberal politika ilkesiyle yola çıkmış olan Demokrat Parti'nin bira örneğinde ortaya koyduğu ekonomi performansını detaylandırmaktır. Bu çalışma TBMM zabıt cerideleri, arşiv belgeleri, resmî gazete, kongre tutanakları, ilgili mevzuat ve dönemin süreli yayınlarına dayandırılmaktadır.
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