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Journal articles on the topic 'Birt, W'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Petrovic, M. P., Caro Petrovic, D. Ruzic-Muslic, N. Maksimovic, M. M. Petrovic, Z. Ilic, and J. Stojkovic. "Effect of genetic and environmental factors on the phenotype characteristics of lambs." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 31, no. 2 (2015): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1502223p.

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The aim of this study was to determine the influence of environmental factors affecting body weight variability of lambs in two crossbreed groups: Pirot x W?rttemberg and Sjenica x W?rttemberg. Both populations were managed under the same farm conditions. The data were analyzed to determine the effect of age of the dam, weight of dam, birth type, sex, year and season, on the birth weight and weaning weight of crossbreed lambs. Statistical analysis was performed by GLM procedure using the SPSS statistical package program. The average birth weight of Pirot x W?rttemberg lambs was 3.56 kg while Sjenica x W?rttemberg lambs was slightly higher at 3.69 kg. The difference on birth weight between the two crosses was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The average weaning weight of Pirot x W?rttemberg lambs was 23.54 kg while Sjenica x W?rttemberg lambs had higher weight at 24.37 kg. The difference of 0.83 kg on weaning weight was statistically significant (P <0.05). Body weight, depending on the environmental factors, ranged from 3.17 to 3.96 kg at birth and from 22.12 to 24.18 kg at weaning in Pirot x W?rttemberg lambs. Body weight of Sjenica x W?rttemberg lambs ranged from 3.39 to 3.99 kg at birth and from 22.69 to 25.44 kg at weaning. Statistical analysis showed that the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) and highly significant (P<0.01).

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2

Czepita, Maciej, Leszek Kuprjanowicz, Krzysztof Safranow, Artur Mojsa, Ewa Majdanik, Maria Ustianowska, and Damian Czepita. "DOES THE MONTH OF BIRTH INFLUENCE THE PREVALENCE OF REFRACTIVE ERRORS?" Pomeranian Journal of Life Sciences 61, no. 2 (July 20, 2016): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.21164/pomjlifesci.68.

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Wstęp: Celem pracy jest sprawdzenie, czy urodzenie się w danym miesiącu wpływa na częstość występowania wad refrakcji.Materiał i metody: Przebadano 5601 uczniów – 2688 chłopców i 2913 dziewczynek w wieku 6–18 lat (średnia 11,9 ±3,2). Badane dzieci uczęszczały do szkół podstawowych i średnich, były narodowości polskiej, mieszkały w Szczecinie i jego okolicach. U wszystkich badanych osób wykonano skiaskopię po cykloplegii 1-procentowym tropikamidem. Analizę danych przeprowadzono testem Kruskala–Wallisa, a następnie testem post-hoc Siegela i Castelaniego lub testem U Manna–Whitneya. Przyjęto poziom istotności p < 0,05.Wyniki: Uczniowie urodzeni w czerwcu mają wyższy ekwiwalent sferyczny niż uczniowie urodzeni w maju (odpowiednio 0,66 ±1,17 i 0,39 ±1,17, p = 0,0058). W teście U Manna–Whitneya wykazano, że uczniowie urodzeni w czerwcu mają wyższy ekwiwalent sferyczny niż uczniowie urodzeni w jakimkolwiek innym miesiącu (odpowiednio 0,66 ±1,17 i 0,50 ±1,17, p = 0,0033). Poza tym nie zaobserwowano żadnej innej asocjacji pomiędzy wadami refrakcji a miesiącem urodzenia.Wniosek: Dzieci urodzone w Polsce w czerwcu mogą mieć wyższy ekwiwalent sferyczny.

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3

Szabaciuk, Wojciech. "Odbiór idei szkoły austriackiej w Niemczech i w Austrii." Polityka i Społeczeństwo 18, no. 1 (2020): 106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2020.1.6.

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This article is an attempt to analyze the reception of the Austrian School in Austria and Germany in general. The article aims to present the attitude of German and Austrian scientists and political leaders to the liberal ideas presented by the Austrian School. The author has discussed the birth of the Austrian School, methodenstreit, and the causes of the gradual removal of the heritage of Carl Menger and his successors from Austria.

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4

Bednarski, Aleksander. "Texts in Transition: Intermediality in Peredur Son of Efrog and Cynan Jones’s Bird, Blood, Snow." Roczniki Humanistyczne 68, no. 11 (December 23, 2020): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/rh206811-2.

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Tekstualne metamorfozy: intermedialność w Peredurze Synu Efrawga i Bird, Blood, Snow Cynana Jonesa Niniejszy artukuł jest analizą powieści Cynana Jonesa Bird, Blood, Snow w kontekście pisanego prozą średniowiecznego walijskiego romansu dworskiego Peredur syn Efrawga, który wchodzi w skład zbioru opowieści znanego jako Mabinogion. Proweniencja średniowiecznej opowieści jest przedmiotem ożywionej debaty: różniące się od siebie wersje zachowały się w czterech rękopisach, wykazują związki z literaturą francuską, w szczególności z poematem Chrétiena de Troyes Perceval, a jednocześnie pozostają mocno osadzone w walijskiej tradycji ustnej. Analizie poddane są elementy wizualne obecne zarówno w tekście średniowiecznym, jak i w powieści Jonesa, co pozwala na potwierdzenie sformułowanej we wstępie tezy, iż warstwa kompozycyjna powieści, oparta w dużej mierze na oscylacji pomiędzy słowem a obrazem, odzwierciedla nie tylko bogatą sieć powiązań intertekstualnych, w jakie uwikłany jest Peredur, ale również metatekstualny aspekt badań historyczno-literackich poświęconych średniowiecznemu tekstowi.

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5

Tomczok, Marta. "Ontologia nienowoczesności w poezji Piotra Szewca." Forum Poetyki 19 (June 15, 2020): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/fp.2020.19.23390.

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Nawiązując do teorii Hansa Ulricha Gumbrechta, Brunona Latoura i Nurit Bird-David, autorka próbuje dowieść, że poezji Piotra Szewca towarzyszy koncepcja kwestionująca logikę współczesnego świata oparta na postępie technicznym i wyizolowanym, egocentrycznym podmiocie. Wspomniana koncepcja to ontologia nienowoczesności. Bezpośrednią inspiracją dla niej pozostaje pojęcie nienowoczesności (anowoczesności) Latoura uzupełnione o refleksję nad nowym animizmem Bird-David. Analiza obejmuje cztery tomy poetyckie, wydane w latach 2006–2017, oraz wybór wierszy Szewca z 2019 roku.

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6

Fester, Thomas. "Plant pathogenic bacteria: Genomics and molecular biology. ByRobert W. Jackson (Ed.)." Biotechnology Journal 4, no. 10 (October 2009): 1497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biot.200900240.

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7

Olszewski, Andrzej K. "Grójec w akwarelach Leonarda Pękalskiego." Artifex Novus, no. 1 (April 27, 2020): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/an.6328.

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Krótki komunikat na temat zespołu akwarel Leonarda Pękalskiego (1896-1944) przedstawiających Grójec, miasto urodzenia artysty. Brief announcement relevant to Leonard Pękalski’s water-colours paintings depicting Grójec – the place of artist’s birth.

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8

JACKSON, CHRISTINE E. "W Hart–John Gould's second unknown bird artist." Archives of Natural History 14, no. 3 (October 1987): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.1987.14.3.237.

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9

Stamatis, H., A. Xenakis, E. Dimitriadis, and F. N. Kolisis. "Catalytic behavior ofPseudomonas cepacia lipase in w/o microemulsions." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 45, no. 1 (January 5, 1995): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260450106.

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10

Kudzia-Karwowska, Dorota, and Joanna Włodarczyk-Rajska. "Justification for use birth control during sterilization referring to the CDC guidelines." Forum Zakażeń 5, no. 1 (April 29, 2014): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15374/fz2014015.

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11

Beuerman, Steven L., and Edward J. Coyle. "State space expansions and the limiting behavior of quasi-birth-and-death processes." Advances in Applied Probability 21, no. 02 (June 1989): 284–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001867800018553.

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The notion of complete level crossing information, or LCI-completeness, is introduced for quasi-birth-death (QBD) processes. It is shown that state space expansions allow any QBD-process to be modified so that it is LCI-complete. For any LCI-complete, QBD-process, there exists a matrix W such that , where is the vector of limiting probabilities for all states on level n of the process. When W cannot be found in closed form, it can be found via an algorithm requiring fewer than m steps, where m is the number of states on each level of the process. The result of this algorithm is always a linear matrix equation for which W is the solution. In essentially all cases considered in this paper, the matrix W is a solution of the matrix quadratic X 2 A 2 + XA 1 + A 0 = 0. Despite this fact, W is never equal to Neuts' rate matrix R , although the non-zero eigenvalues and the corresponding left eigenvectors of R are a subset of the eigenvalues and left eigenvectors of W . This fact leads to two methods for determining R from W . If the transition rates of the QBD-process are level-dependent, then it is also shown that matrices W(n) exist such that .

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12

Xu, Luohao, Martin Irestedt, and Qi Zhou. "Sequence Transpositions Restore Genes on the Highly Degenerated W Chromosomes of Songbirds." Genes 11, no. 11 (October 28, 2020): 1267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11111267.

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The female-specific W chromosomes of most Neognathae birds are highly degenerated and gene-poor. Previous studies have demonstrated that the gene repertoires of the Neognathae bird W chromosomes, despite being in small numbers, are conserved across bird species, likely due to purifying selection maintaining the regulatory and dosage-sensitive genes. Here we report the discovery of DNA-based sequence duplications from the Z to the W chromosome in birds-of-paradise (Paradisaeidae, Passeriformes), through sequence transposition. The original transposition involved nine genes, but only two of them (ANXA1 and ALDH1A1) survived on the W chromosomes. Both ANXA1 and ALDH1A1 are predicted to be dosage-sensitive, and the expression of ANXA1 is restricted to ovaries in all the investigated birds. These analyses suggest the newly transposed gene onto the W chromosomes can be favored for their role in restoring dosage imbalance or through female-specific selection. After examining seven additional songbird genomes, we further identified five other transposed genes on the W chromosomes of Darwin’s finches and one in the great tit, expanding the observation of the Z-to-W transpositions to a larger range of bird species, but not all transposed genes exhibit dosage-sensitivity or ovary-biased expression We demonstrate a new mechanism by which the highly degenerated W chromosomes of songbirds can acquire genes from the homologous Z chromosomes, but further functional investigations are needed to validate the evolutionary forces underlying the transpositions.

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13

Rutkowska, Joanna, Malgorzata Lagisz, and Shinichi Nakagawa. "The long and the short of avian W chromosomes: no evidence for gradual W shortening." Biology Letters 8, no. 4 (March 14, 2012): 636–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2012.0083.

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The well-established view of the evolution of sex chromosome dimorphism is of a gradual genetic and morphological degeneration of the hemizygous chromosome. Yet, no large-scale comparative analysis exists to support this view. Here, we analysed karyotypes of 200 bird species to test whether the supposed directional changes occur in bird sex chromosomes. We found no support for the view that W chromosomes gradually become smaller over evolutionary time. On the contrary, the length of the W chromosome can fluctuate over short time scales, probably involving both shortening and elongation of non-coding regions. Recent discoveries of near-identical palindromes and neo-sex chromosomes in birds may also contribute to the observed variation. Further studies are now needed to investigate how chromosome morphology relates to its gene content, and whether the changes in size were driven by selection.

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14

Polkowska, Laura. "ak się zmienia językowy obraz gołębia w polszczyźnie?" Język Polski 101, no. 1 (May 2021): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31286/jp.101.1.4.

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This scetch is dedicated to the reconstruction of a linguistic picture of a pigeon in Polish. The research mate-rial consists of lexicographic definitions, idioms, proverbs, derivative words and semantic neologisms, while the latest language data, represented by the texts of Internet comments, allow to reconstruct the most current components of the picture of this bird. The analysis shows that the positive picture of the pigeon as a faith-ful, gentle bird and a symbol of love and peace, is beginning to be replaced by the negative associations. The phrases gołąb to nie ptak (‘pigeon is not a bird’) and latający szczur (‘a rat with wings’) remove the pigeon outside the zoological class of birds and thus – give it a negative axiological characterization.

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15

Magocsi, Paul Robert. "The End of the Old and the Birth of a New Order, 1918‑1919." Rocznik Ruskiej Bursy 14 (January 31, 2019): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/rrb.14.2018.14.04.

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Koniec starego i początek nowego porządku, 1918-1919Przedmiotem niniejszego opracowania są lata 1918-1919 i zachodzące wówczas w Europie ogromne zmiany polityczne, w wyniku których społeczność międzynarodowa zwróciła uwagę na Karpatorusinów i ich ojczyznę, Ruś Karpacką. Autor omawia kilka wieców zorganizowanych przez Karpatorusinów w Ameryce Północnej i Europie, na których dyskutowano nad możliwymi przyszłymi scenariuszami dla Rusi Karpackiej: bądź istniejącej jako niezależne państwo, bądź też tworzącej jedność z Rosją, Ukrainą, Węgrami lub Czechosłowacją. Wprawdzie na konferencji pokojowej w Paryżu zdecydowano się na wariant czechosłowacki, jednak łemkowskich Rusinów pominięto w umowach międzynarodowych i pozostawiono, by żyli pod polską władzą.

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16

Beuerman, Steven L., and Edward J. Coyle. "State space expansions and the limiting behavior of quasi-birth-and-death processes." Advances in Applied Probability 21, no. 2 (June 1989): 284–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1427161.

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The notion of complete level crossing information, or LCI-completeness, is introduced for quasi-birth-death (QBD) processes. It is shown that state space expansions allow any QBD-process to be modified so that it is LCI-complete.For any LCI-complete, QBD-process, there exists a matrix W such that , where is the vector of limiting probabilities for all states on level n of the process. When W cannot be found in closed form, it can be found via an algorithm requiring fewer than m steps, where m is the number of states on each level of the process. The result of this algorithm is always a linear matrix equation for which W is the solution.In essentially all cases considered in this paper, the matrix W is a solution of the matrix quadraticX2A2 + XA1 + A0 = 0.Despite this fact, W is never equal to Neuts' rate matrix R, although the non-zero eigenvalues and the corresponding left eigenvectors of R are a subset of the eigenvalues and left eigenvectors of W. This fact leads to two methods for determining R from W.If the transition rates of the QBD-process are level-dependent, then it is also shown that matrices W(n) exist such that .

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17

Chou, Ranna, Anna Hara, DongDong Du, Namiko Shimizu, Hiroe Sakuyama, and Yoshio Uehara. "Low-Salt Intake during Mating or Gestation in Rats Is Associated with Low Birth and Survival Rates of Babies." Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/212089.

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We investigated the influence of maternal salt restriction during mating or gestation on birth rate and offspring growth in Dahl salt-sensitive rats (DS). DS were divided into 5 groups: DS fed a low-salt (0.3% NaCl, w/w) (DS-low) or high-salt (4% NaCl, w/w) diet (DS-high) during mating and DS-high or DS-low during gestation, and DS fed regular chow (0.75% NaCl, w/w) (DS-regular) throughout mating and gestation. During the unspecified periods, the rats were given regular chow. DS-low during mating delivered fewer infants than high-salt mothers (P<0.05). The birth rate on regular chow was 87%. Six out of 11 DS-low rats during pregnancy produced pups while the rats fed a high-salt diet all delivered pups (P<0.025). The pup survival rate was 67% for high-salt mothers during mating and 54% for mothers on a low-salt diet. The pup survival rate was 95% for mothers on a high-salt diet during pregnancy and 64% for mothers on a low-salt diet (P<0.0001). Seven out of 8 DS-regular rats during mating delivered 59 neonates. However, 66% of the neonates survived. A low-salt diet during mating or pregnancy lowers birth rate and the neonates from low-salt mothers during pregnancy were more likely to die than those from high-salt mothers.

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18

Słowikowska, Anna. "After-birth abortion in the context of natural law." Journal of Modern Science 35, no. 4 (January 27, 2018): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.13166/jms/84815.

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19

Gacka, Ewa. "Zapobieganie nieprawidłowościom w rozwoju artykulacji u dzieci w wieku niemowlęcym i poniemowlęcym." Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej, no. 21 (January 7, 2019): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.21.07.

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The development of speech, including articulation, begins at birth, whereas its biological foundations are shaped already during the foetal development. The acquisition of linguistic competence (including phonetic and phonological) is determined by various factors. The article is dedicated to the preventive care in regard to speech disorders of children. The author primarily focuses on the primary activities of speech/articulation (articulation is one of the aspects of speech, and the primary activities of speech may be considered, simultaneously, as primary in comparison to articulation). The article presents activities that prevent the occurrence of articulation development disorders, directed at infants and post-infancy children.

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20

Taussig, F. W. "F. W. Taussig on Individualism and the Birth Rate." Population and Development Review 23, no. 1 (March 1997): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2137465.

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21

Gorelick, Root, Danielle Fraser, Melissa Mansfield, Jeff W. Dawson, Sanoji Wijenayake, and Susan M. Bertram. "Abrupt shortening of bird W chromosomes in ancestral Neognathae." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 119, no. 2 (May 28, 2016): 488–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bij.12832.

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22

Gussow, Adam. "W. C. Handy and the “Birth” of the Blues." Southern Cultures 24, no. 4 (2018): 42–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/scu.2018.0045.

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23

Stouffer, Philip C. "Bird Migration and Global Change by George W. Cox." Journal of Field Ornithology 82, no. 3 (August 24, 2011): 337–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2011.00337_4.x.

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24

Jolly, R. "W. Arthur Lewis and the Birth of Development Economics." History of Political Economy 39, no. 4 (December 1, 2007): 754–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-2007-043.

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25

Bagni, Giorgio T. "Centenary birth anniversary of E. W. Beth (1908–1964)." Educational Studies in Mathematics 69, no. 1 (June 14, 2008): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10649-008-9135-3.

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26

Benagiano, Giuseppe. "Joseph W. Goldzieher and the birth of hormonal contraception." Contraception 82, no. 2 (August 2010): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2010.03.008.

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Bayar, Erna, Phillip R. Bennett, Denise Chan, Lynne Sykes, and David A. MacIntyre. "The pregnancy microbiome and preterm birth." Seminars in Immunopathology 42, no. 4 (August 2020): 487–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00281-020-00817-w.

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Abstract Preterm birth is a global health concern and continues to contribute to substantial neonatal morbidity and mortality despite advances in obstetric and neonatal care. The underlying aetiology is multi-factorial and remains incompletely understood. In this review, the complex interplay between the vaginal microbiome in pregnancy and its association with preterm birth is discussed in depth. Advances in the study of bacteriology and an improved understanding of the human microbiome have seen an improved awareness of the vaginal microbiota in both health and in disease.

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Juszyńska, Katarzyna, and Olaf Szczypiński. "GLOSA DO WYROKU SĄDU APELACYJNEGO W KRAKOWIE Z DNIA 21 LIPCA 2015 R., I ACA 204/15." Zeszyty Prawnicze 17, no. 1 (December 9, 2017): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zp.2017.17.1.06.

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StreszczenieW glosie poruszona została problematyka odszkodowania z tytułu tzw. wrongful birth w świetle relacji dóbr osobistych do przepisów normujących dopuszczalność dokonania aborcji. Autorzy wykazują niezasadność posługiwania się konstrukcją „prawa do aborcji” rozumianego jako prawo podmiotowe, na które powołał się Sąd Administracyjny w tytułowym orzeczeniu. Argumentacja wskazuje także na niedopuszczalność uznania za szkodę zarówno faktu urodzenia, jak i poniesionych kosztów w związku z wychowaniem dziecka. W ten sposób autorzy dochodzą do wniosku, że na gruncie norm prawa cywilnego, rozpatrywanych w kontekście konstytucyjnej ochrony życia, nie ma możliwości przyznania odszkodowania za tzw. „złe urodzenie”.

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Bąk, Beata, and Małgorzata Mastalerz. "Effectiveness of childbirth classes in reducing anxiety before birth depending on age and education." Medical Studies 1 (2016): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/ms.2016.58800.

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30

Aoki, Ryoji, Nobuhiko Nagano, Aya Okahashi, Shoko Ohashi, Yoshinori Fujinaka, Itsuro Takigawa, Ken Masunaga, and Ichiro Morioka. "Novel Physique Index for the Screening of Skeletal Dysplasia at Birth." Children 8, no. 5 (April 25, 2021): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8050331.

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This study aimed to devise a novel physique index and investigate its accuracy in identifying newborns with skeletal dysplasia in comparison with head circumference (HC)/height (HT) ratio. The birth weight (W), HT, and HC at birth of 1500 newborns were retrospectively collected. The linear regression equations and coefficients of determination (R2) were determined. The formulated equation was corrected by the mean weight for gestational age at birth (Wcorr) as a novel physique index for screening skeletal dysplasia. The index accuracy was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves in 11 newborns by fetal ultrasound and compared with that of the HC/HT ratio. The R2 values between W and HT, (HT)2, and (HT) 3 were 0.978, 0.990, and 0.993, respectively. Those between W and HC, (HC)2, and (HC)3 were 0.974, 0.984, and 0.988, respectively. W/Wcorr × (HC/HT)3 was used as a novel physique index. Seven newborns had skeletal dysplasia. Our novel physique index had a higher area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity than the HC/HT ratio (AUC: 1.00 vs. 0.86, sensitivity: 1.00 vs. 0.86, and specificity: 1.00 vs. 0.75, respectively). Our novel physique index was more accurate than HC/HT ratio and has the potential to accurately identify newborns with skeletal dysplasia.

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Cammack, Alison L., Carol J. Hogue, Carolyn D. Drews-Botsch, Michael R. Kramer, and Brad D. Pearce. "Associations Between Maternal Exposure to Child Abuse, Preterm Birth, and Very Preterm Birth in Young, Nulliparous Women." Maternal and Child Health Journal 23, no. 6 (January 7, 2019): 847–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-018-02709-w.

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32

Mroczek, Robert. "Rynek mięsa w Polsce w dobie koronawirusa SARS-Cov-2." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 20(35), no. 3 (November 13, 2020): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2020.20.3.17.

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The aim of this study was to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 virus on the meat market in Poland. The meat market is an important part of the Polish economy. Production of slaughter animals (pork, beef and poultry) accounts for over 1/3 of agricultural commodity production, and the meat industry (red meat and poultry) is the largest branch of food processing. The COVID-19 pandemic, which also reached Poland, did not significantly shake this market. A sign of the introduced restrictions in social and economic life was a short-term massive purchase of food with an extended shelf life. Lockdown slightly changed the eating and shopping habits of Poles. In the first half of 2020, exports of beef and poultry decreased by 3-5%, and exports of pork decreased by 28% compared to the first half of 2019. The meat market continued to struggle with African Swine Fever (ASF) and, in addition, with bird flu. The HoReCa segment was the most affected part of the market.

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Takei, N., P. C. Sham, E. O'Callaghan, R. M. Murray, and DavidT Schwartz. "Cities, winter birth, and schizophrenia." Lancet 340, no. 8818 (August 1992): 558–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)91762-w.

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Deisher, Robert W., Christina Litchfield, and Kerry R. Hope. "Birth outcomes of prostituting adolescents." Journal of Adolescent Health 12, no. 7 (November 1991): 528–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0197-0070(91)90082-w.

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Gruziel, Kinga, Mariusz Chądrzyński, and Monika Wyszomirska. "Polityka społeczna realizowana w gminie wiejskiej." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, no. 126 (December 30, 2019): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/eiogz.2019..126.8.

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Social policy primarily aims to minimise social problems, in particular the issues concerning income disparities amongst professional groups as well as regionally. One of the adopted objectives of the analysed policy is the financial support for households, including guaranteeing a sense of security, especially in terms of income. The subject of the study was to assess the effectiveness of social policy implemented in Poland on the example of a rural municipality. The study attempts to indicate the measurable effects of a social policy instrument implemented in Poland, specifically the “Family 500+” programme. The programme supports families by improving their financial situation. In addition, according to its creators, the objective of the programme is to increase the birth rate in Poland. The imperfections of the analysed social policy instrument are also noticeable. It negatively affects the employment situation in the country, particularly for women. However, in most cases, the “Family 500+” programme is positively rated by the beneficiaries. Based on the results of the conducted study, it cannot be concluded that the “Family 500+” programme contributes to the increase in the birth rate, while the costs of its implementation may contribute to limiting the cofinancing of other areas of life, ones that are desired by the society to the same degree (education, health care, public infrastructure).

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Gruziel, Kinga, Mariusz Chądrzyński, and Monika Wyszomirska. "Polityka społeczna realizowana w gminie wiejskiej." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, no. 126 (December 30, 2019): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/eiogz.2019.126.8.

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Social policy primarily aims to minimise social problems, in particular the issues concerning income disparities amongst professional groups as well as regionally. One of the adopted objectives of the analysed policy is the financial support for households, including guaranteeing a sense of security, especially in terms of income. The subject of the study was to assess the effectiveness of social policy implemented in Poland on the example of a rural municipality. The study attempts to indicate the measurable effects of a social policy instrument implemented in Poland, specifically the “Family 500+” programme. The programme supports families by improving their financial situation. In addition, according to its creators, the objective of the programme is to increase the birth rate in Poland. The imperfections of the analysed social policy instrument are also noticeable. It negatively affects the employment situation in the country, particularly for women. However, in most cases, the “Family 500+” programme is positively rated by the beneficiaries. Based on the results of the conducted study, it cannot be concluded that the “Family 500+” programme contributes to the increase in the birth rate, while the costs of its implementation may contribute to limiting the cofinancing of other areas of life, ones that are desired by the society to the same degree (education, health care, public infrastructure).

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Nawrot, Julia, Agnieszka Gniadek, and Aneta Suder. "Women’s interest in birth centre care – is it time to make more options available?" Medical Studies 35, no. 2 (2019): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/ms.2019.86330.

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ZAWODNIAK, Józef J., and Piotr TRYJANOWSKI. "Bird Protection in Medium Voltage Lines with Bare Wires." AUTOMATYKA, ELEKTRYKA, ZAKLOCENIA 11, no. 2(40)2020 (June 30, 2020): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17274/aez.2020.40.02.

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Diemert, Anke, and Petra Clara Arck. "Preterm birth: pathogenesis and clinical consequences revisited." Seminars in Immunopathology 42, no. 4 (August 2020): 375–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00281-020-00809-w.

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Liu, Chenyi, Hanfei Wu, Jimeng Lao, Sulan Wu, Xiaoqiong Xu, Zhe Lv, and Jianbo Mao. "Measurement and Analysis of Central Corneal Thickness at Different Postnatal Stages in Chinese Premature Infants." Journal of Ophthalmology 2020 (September 16, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7313909.

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Purpose. The objective of this study was to evaluate central corneal thickness (CCT) in Chinese premature infants at different postnatal stages to study the peak point and analyze influential factors on CCT development. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study of premature infants. Initial CCT measurement was taken at 34 weeks of gestational age (GA) and at intervals until 88 weeks of postmenstrual age (PMA) was reached. The comparison and correlation analysis were carried out to access the association of CCT with gender, birth weight (BW), GA, and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) for each PMA. The premature infants were divided into the thick CCT group and the thin CCT group according to the average CCT at 40 w. And the difference in CCT between the two groups at subsequent 52 w and 64 w was compared. Results. A total of 1726 premature infants (3463 measurements) with an average of 2.21 ± 1.57 measurements were included in this study. The CCT decreased from 34 w GA to 52 w PMA (R = 92.36, P<0.0001) and then reached a plateau (R = 2.541, P=0.3567). Male P<0.05, low BW P<0.05, and low GA P<0.05 were associated with thicker CCT at the early stage of PMA. The premature infants who had thick CCT at 40 w would have thick CCT at 52 w and 64 w accordingly. Conclusions. The CCT values of premature infants decreased over time and plateaued at 52 w PMA. Gender, BW, and GA were considered as the influential factors of CCT at the early stage of PMA. Moreover, CCT at 40 w could forecast its development trend at 52 w or 64 w after birth.

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Pereira, Izabela dos Santos, Cláudia Porto Sabino Pinho, and Adriana César da Silveira. "Cardiopatia congênita: estado nutricional e proporcionalidade corporal ao nascimento." Braspen Journal 35, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37111/braspenj.2020351004.

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Introduction: Congenital heart diseases have a great impact on perinatal and infant mortality rates in Brazil. These are diseases that can lead to compromised growth and development of the child. The purpose of this study is to describe the nutritional condition and the corporal proportionality to the birth of children with congenital heart disease. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective study using data on the birth of children with congenital heart disease admitted to a cardiology service in the Northeast of Brazil between 2011 and 2014. The nutritional status was assessed by weight/age (W/A) indicators, length/age, weight/length, body mass index/age (BMI/A), ponderal index, cephalic perimeter. Results: A total of 117 patients were evaluated, being 60.7% male and 20.9% with cyanotic heart disease. It was found that 6.8% of the children were low birth weight. The nutritional indexes showed a 3.4% deficit in the W/A indicator, in weight/length 5.1%, for BMI/A 4.3% and length/age 7.8%. The ponderal index showed that 28.2% of the children were disproportionate at birth and 84.4% had a normal head circumference. Lower Z score values of W/A (p = 0.030) and BMI/A (p = 0.023) for cyanotic heart disease compared to other types of congenital heart diseases were observed in our study. Conclusions: Children with congenital heart disease had relatively preserved nutritional status at birth, with prevalence of nutritional disorders similar to those described in the literature.

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Noh, Myung Hyun, Hyun Gyu Lim, Sung Hwa Woo, Jinyi Song, and Gyoo Yeol Jung. "Production of itaconic acid from acetate by engineering acid-tolerant Escherichia coli W." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 115, no. 3 (December 15, 2017): 729–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.26508.

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Mayr, B., and H. Auer. "A method to induce Giemsa staining resistance of avian W chromosomes: detection of an additional W chromosome in a turkey." Genome 30, no. 3 (June 1, 1988): 395–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g88-068.

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A hypotonic treatment using a low osmolal solution (0.038 Os/kg) led to a poor staining of the W chromosome in all our investigated bird species (chicken, turkey, pheasant, goose, pigeon, bearded vulture, and barn owl). A turkey establishing a ZWW karyotype was detected.Key words: birds, W chromosome, differential Giemsa staining, ZWW karyotype.

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Walezak, Emilie. "The Fictional Avatars of Mrs W: The Influence of the Adoptive Mother and the Birth of Jeanette Winterson as a Writer." Prague Journal of English Studies 7, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): 123–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjes-2018-0008.

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Abstract Throughout her writing career, Jeanette Winterson has experimented with her life experience, revisiting in particular the complex relationship with her adoptive mother, Mrs W, in such works as Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit (1985), Sexing the Cherry (1989), and Why Be Happy When You Could Be Normal (2011). This article examines the complex mother-daughter relationship between Jeanette and Mrs W to illustrate the birth of a feminist writer. In answer to her mother’s confiscation of her birth narrative, Jeanette Winterson has fictionalized Mrs W to alter traditional narrative paradigms she deemed repressive. The process has allowed the daughter to open up an enunciative space for herself through performative utterances: “I’m telling you stories. Trust me.” Finally, the parallel drawn between Mrs Winterson and Mrs Thatcher in the former’s fictional avatars highlights specifically the personal political itinerary of the feminist writer.

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Nelson, Clark W. "100th Anniversary of the Birth of Dr. Charles W. Mayo." Mayo Clinic Proceedings 73, no. 9 (September 1998): 814. http://dx.doi.org/10.4065/73.9.814.

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Daly, Martin. "Biology and Violence: From Birth to Adulthood. Deborah W. Denno." Quarterly Review of Biology 66, no. 2 (June 1991): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/417216.

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Pitcher, C. "D. W. Griffith's Controversial Film, The Birth of a Nation." OAH Magazine of History 13, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/maghis/13.3.50.

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Johnston, David W. "Explorations and Bird Collections of Willis W. Worthington in Florida." Southeastern Naturalist 12, no. 4 (December 2013): 738–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1656/058.012.0413.

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Dyke, Gareth J. "The Inner Bird: Anatomy And Evolution, by Gary W. Kaiser." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29, no. 1 (March 12, 2009): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2009.10010386.

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Roldán-Merino, Juan, Celia Maria Ortega-Cejas, Teresa Lluch-Canut, Mariona Farres-Tarafa, Ainoa Biurrun-Garrido, Irma Casas, Mª Isabel Castrillo-Pérez, et al. "Validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the “Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire” (W-DEQ-B)." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 26, 2021): e0249942. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249942.

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The Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ-B) is an instrument that allows the experiences around fear of childbirth to be examined after the birth. It is currently the most widely used to measure different aspects related to the fear of childbirth and enables healthcare and additional assistance to women after birth to be adapted according to their needs. The objective of this study was to translate the W-DEQ-B into Spanish and analyse its reliability and validity. The study was carried out in two phases: (1) transcultural adaption of the questionnaire to Spanish and (2) a transversal study in a sample of 190 postpartum women from Sexual and Reproductive Health Clinics in the province of Barcelona (Spain). The psychometric properties were examined in terms of reliability (internal consistency and temporal stability) and construct validity (confirmatory factorial analysis [CFA] and exploratory factorial analysis [EFA]). The results of the CFA did not confirm unidimensionality of the W-DEQ-B questionnaire. The EFA suggested four very similar, but not identical, dimensions to those obtained in other studies in which the W-DEQ-B has been evaluated. Both the Cronbach’s alpha and the omega coefficient were adequate for the total questionnaire and for each of the four dimensions. The results of this study confirm that the W-DEQ-B is multi-dimensional. In the Spanish version of the W-DEQ-B-Sp four dimensions have been identified that allow the experiences around fear of childbirth to be examined after the birth. The Spanish version of the WDEQ-B (WDEQ-B-Sp) is reliable and valid for the measurement of fear of childbirth in clinical practice and for use in future research.

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