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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Birth control - Research - Swaziland

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Academic literature on the topic 'Birth control - Research - Swaziland'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Birth control - Research - Swaziland"

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Brear, Michelle R., Karin Hammarberg, and Jane Fisher. "Community participation in health research: an ethnography from rural Swaziland." Health Promotion International 35, no. 1 (January 27, 2019): e59-e69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/day121.

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Summary Community participation in all aspects of health research is widely advocated. However, there is a lack of specificity in reporting what community members actually do, and reported participation is typically limited to discrete research activities. Greater specificity in reporting has potential to clarify how community participation might occur and how it might influence empowerment and research rigour. We conducted an ethnographic study of participatory health research (PHR) in a socio-economically marginalized rural Swazi community. Data about 10 community co-researchers’ participation in research workshops and field work were collected through participant observation over 14 months and analysed using directed content analysis, informed by the Comprehensive Community Participation in Research Framework (CCPRF). The analysis demonstrated that facilitating extensive community participation in PHR is feasible and identified 10 new research process activities in which community members might participate, for inclusion in an expanded CCPRF. We provide examples of how community members might participate in 57/59 expanded CCPRF activities and show that participatory, dialogue-based activities can be effective tools for facilitating research participation in ways that empower individual co-researchers and enhance research rigour. However, our results highlight limitations of community participation related to utilizing research results to inform actions, and empowering communities to control their environments and improve their health.

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Nelson, Bryn. "Birth control and breast cancer: An unclear connection." Cancer Cytopathology 126, no. 9 (September 2018): 751–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncy.22059.

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Borell, Merriley. "Biologists and the promotion of birth control research, 1918?1938." Journal of the History of Biology 20, no. 1 (1987): 51–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00125258.

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Lupatsch, Judith E., Christian Kreis, Garyfallos Konstantinoudis, Marc Ansari, Claudia E. Kuehni, and Ben D. Spycher. "Birth characteristics and childhood leukemia in Switzerland: a register-based case–control study." Cancer Causes & Control 32, no. 7 (April 20, 2021): 713–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10552-021-01423-3.

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Abstract Purpose Initial genetic alterations in the development of childhood leukemia occur in utero or before conception; both genetic and environmental factors are suspected to play a role. We aimed to investigate the associations between childhood leukemia and perinatal characteristics including birth order, birth interval to older siblings, parental age, birth weight, and multiple birth. Methods We identified cases diagnosed between 1981 and 2015 and born in Switzerland between 1969 and 2015 from the Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry and randomly sampled five controls per case from national birth records matched on date of birth, sex, and municipality of residence at birth. We used conditional logistic regression to investigate associations between perinatal characteristics and leukemia at ages 0–15 and 0–4 years, and the subtypes acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Results The study included 1,403 cases of leukemia. We observed increased risks associated with high birth weight (adjusted OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.12–1.69) and multiple birth (1.89, 1.24–2.86). These associations were similar for ALL and stronger for leukemia at ages 0–4 years. For AML, we observed an increased risk for higher birth order (3.08, 0.43–22.03 for fourth or later born children). We found no associations with other perinatal characteristics. Conclusion This register-based case–control study adds to the existing evidence of a positive association between high birth weight and risk of childhood leukemia. Furthermore, it suggests children from multiple births are at an increased risk of leukemia.

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Franco-Lie, I., T. Iversen, T. E. Robsahm, and M. Abdelnoor. "Birth weight and melanoma risk: a population-based case–control study." British Journal of Cancer 98, no. 1 (December 18, 2007): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6604159.

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Lukhele, Bhekumusa Wellington, Patou Musumari, Christina El-Saaidi, Teeranee Techasrivichien, S. Pilar Suguimoto, Masako Ono Kihara, and Masahiro Kihara. "Efficacy of Mobile Serious Games in Increasing HIV Risk Perception in Swaziland: A Randomized Control Trial (SGprev Trial) Research Protocol." JMIR Research Protocols 5, no. 4 (November 22, 2016): e224. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/resprot.6543.

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Ramie, Agustine, Yati Afiyanti, and Hening Pujasari. "SELF CONTROL AND SELF EFFICACY INCREASE MOTHER’S BIRTH LABOR SATISFACTION." Jurnal NERS 9, no. 1 (January 27, 2017): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v9i1.3234.

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Introduction: Self-control and self-effi cacy are necessary for would-be mothers to enhance their birth labor satisfaction. This research was conducted in Ratu Zalecha public hospital in Martapura and in Banjarbaru public hospital in South Borneo with the aim to identify the relationship between self-control and self effi cacy on the one hand, and birth labor satisfaction on the other hand. Method: Cross-sectional approach with correlative analysis was applied for this research, using 125 samples chosen from normal childbirth using consecutive sampling techniques. Result: The result of Chi-Square correlation test showed that there were some relationships between self-control as well as self-effi cacy and birth labor satisfaction (ρ value 0.002,α: 0.05) and (ρ value 0.000, α: 0.05). There were four variables resulted from double logistic analytical regression that play signifi cant roles in birth labor satisfaction, i.e., self-control, self-effi cacy, family income, and parity. Discussion: The most infl uencing variable in birth labor satisfaction was family income. Labor carers should provide enough support so that would-be mothers can view the process of childbirth as a positive and pleasant experience; hence, birth labor satisfaction will surely be tremendous.Keywords: birth labor satisfaction, self-control, self-effi cacy

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WENZEL, SUZANNE L., BARBARA D. LEAKE, RONALD M. ANDERSEN, and LILLIAN GELBERG. "Utilization of Birth Control Services among Homeless Women." American Behavioral Scientist 45, no. 1 (September 2001): 14–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00027640121956999.

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Although homeless women appear to be at notable risk of unintended pregnancy, insufficient attention has been paid to understanding their access to birth control services and the characteristics of homeless women who want birth control services. To address these research gaps, the authors analyzed data from a probability sample of 974 homeless women who were interviewed in shelters and meal programs in Los Angeles County. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that among those women who wanted birth control services during the past year, using these services was associated with fewer perceived barriers to health care, having a regular source of care, consistent use of contraception, and lower odds of alcohol dependence. Availability and cost barriers to birth control services must be reduced, and effective service linkages should be developed among providers of birth control services, substance abuse treatment, and primary care.

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Heck, Julia E., Travis J. Meyers, Christina Lombardi, Andrew S. Park, Myles Cockburn, Peggy Reynolds, and Beate Ritz. "Case-control study of birth characteristics and the risk of hepatoblastoma." Cancer Epidemiology 37, no. 4 (August 2013): 390–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2013.03.004.

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Barros, Aluísio, and Cauane Blumenberg. "Electronic data collection in epidemiological research." Applied Clinical Informatics 07, no. 03 (July 2016): 672–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2016-02-ra-0028.

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SummaryThis paper describes the use of Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) to conduct one of the follow-up waves of the 2004 Pelotas birth cohort. The aim is to point out the advantages and limitations of using this electronic data capture environment to collect data and control every step of a longitudinal epidemiological research, specially in terms of time savings and data quality.We used REDCap as the main tool to support the conduction of a birth cohort follow-up. By exploiting several REDCap features, we managed to schedule assessments, collect data, and control the study workflow. To enhance data quality, we developed specific reports and field validations to depict inconsistencies in real time.Using REDCap it was possible to investigate more variables without significant increases on the data collection time, when comparing to a previous birth cohort follow-up. In addition, better data quality was achieved since negligible out of range errors and no validation or missing inconsistencies were identified after applying over 7,000 interviews.Adopting electronic data capture solutions, such as REDCap, in epidemiological research can bring several advantages over traditional paper-based data collection methods. In favor of improving their features, more research groups should migrate from paper to electronic-based epidemiological research.Citation: Blumenberg C, Barros AJD. Electronic data collection in epidemiological research: The use of REDCap in the Pelotas birth cohorts

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Birth control - Research - Swaziland"

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Lemmer, Hermann Richard. "The tuberculosis control programme in the industry in Swaziland : a critical evaluation." Diss., Access to E-Thesis, 2002. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10032005-092729/.

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Mallie, Grant Michael. "The differing effects of access to contraceptive service providers on contraceptive usage by method in Indonesia and Kenya : the advantage of using discrete choice modeling in demographic research /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Mkhonta, Nkosazana Ruth. "The promotion strategies for voluntary surgical contraception." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/7701.

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M.Cur.
A study on promotion strategies for voluntary surgical contraception in Family Planning Clinic of Swaziland. There is under-utilization of voluntary surgical contraception in Family Planning Clinic of Swaziland. The clinic started to operate in 1995 up to date, there are only 88 clients who had been operated on. The aim of this study is to explore and describe factors, which contribute to client satisfaction with this method, so that promotion strategies will be developed to increase the demand. Purposive sampling, which is a probability method was utilized to select the sample. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect the data from 10 participants - five males and five females. The researcher discovered that participants are satisfied with voluntary surgical contraception. The reasons for their satisfaction are because of the good counseling, benefits, positive attitude of the service provider and technical competence of the doctor. Information, education, communication and promotion strategies were then developed based on the themes identified. The information, education and communication strategy is given by satisfied clients in terms of interpersonal communication, mass media and also advocating strategy.

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Ziyane, Isabella Simoyi. "Factors which deter Swazi women from using family planning services." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/668.

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Deterrents to family planning practices were investigated among Swazi women between 1999- 2001. A total of 171 adolescents, women and men participated in focus group interviews. Information obtained in this way served as a framework for designing structured interview schedules. The views of 205 women were investigated, concerning factors deterring them from using family planning practices by means of conducting face to face studied interviews. Qualitative data were analysed using the NU*DIST and for the quantitative data the SPPS computer programs were used respectively. The results revealed that socio-cultural deterrents to family planning included high cultural value of children determining women's social status, the lack of knowledge about contraceptives, women's dependence on their husbands' decisions concerning reproductive issues and inefficient family planning services. Recommendations included that specific adolescent reproductive health services should be instituted and that the policy on reproductive health for Swaziland be revised. Reproductive health issues should be addressed in the school curriculum. All Swazi men and women, both adolescents and adults, should be educated about contraceptives.
Health Studies
D. Litt. et Phil. (Advanced Nursing Sciences)

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CHIEH, HUANG SHIN, and 黃世傑. "Research on the Influence of Birth Weight and Body Composition on the Postural Control for Primary School Children." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76533131347908295211.

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碩士
輔仁大學
體育學系碩士班
97
This study is focused on the physical birth condition and composition to the postural control for children in the element school ages. Those samples are randomly selected in three classrooms for the grades from first- to sixth-grade in an studies elementary school. Among all 429 samples, the number distribution of them are 63, 75, 65, 71, 91, and, 64 over the ages of 7 through 12, respectively. These data are not only statistically described by ages, but also by sex distinction and birth vital information. With the experimental instrument, POSTUROMED®, we take the sampling rate at the frequency of 250 Hz for the duration of 20 seconds, which is equivalent to 5000 paired data in a 2-dimensional coordinate system. We set the systematic effective vibration trajectory as x-axis to collect the students’ open-eye tests (OET) and close-eye tests (CET), and followed by the Pearson product-moment correlation analysis for the additional factors such as visual sight, birth weight and Body Mass Index (BMI). We also perform one-way ANOVA to test the significance with children’s activities for the level of balance control abilities at significance level (α) at 0.05. The preliminary results show: (1) There is no significance for the birth weight less then 2500g and grate than 2500g in both ages 7~12 male and female children. With elder male children, there are also no significance either OET or CET. On the other hand, for both female children birth weight less than 2500g, OEX (Pearson＝-0.45, p＜0.05）OET（Pearson＝-0.49, p＜0.05）, and female children birth weight great than 2500g CEY （Pearson＝-.45, p＜.05）have the significance. (2) There is the significance for low to high BMI verse birth weight greater than 2500g. There is relative low balance control ability for larger BMI children. (3) There is the significance for those male children having weekly activities hours for grater then 10 hours and less than 3 hours who will have the difference at balance control. We do not find this significance for female children group. This indicates there will be a better balance control for male children if they are increasing the weekly activities hours, while this does not apply for female children’s group. We conclude that the children in elementary school will have certain level difference in balance control ability for both male and female groups, and this is related to the BMI and weekly activity hours. And hence, parents are suggested to encourage their child(ren) for weight control and having a longer activity hours. These will help children to have better balance control ability.

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Elliott, Dorothy Ann Holmblade. "Reliability and validity of the Birth Control Self Care Scale for men a research report submitted in partial fullfilment ... /." 1990. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/68795133.html.

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Moran, Gayle. "Holistic and self-care theory documentation in family planning nursing practice a research report submitted in partial fulfillment ... /." 1987. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/68787949.html.

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Glover, Kathleen S. "Validation of an instrument to predict contraceptive self-care agency a research report submitted in partial fulfillment ... Master of Science (Community Health Nursing) /." 1992. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/68796242.html.

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CÁPOVÁ, Adéla. "Zdravotně sociální aspekty plánování otcovství." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-175791.

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The scope of this dissertation focuses on issues related to family planning from the men´s point of view. Studies on fertility and family planning were focused overwhelmingly on women. The men´s participation in studies on family planning and reproduction is increasingly recognized as important; both men and women make important contributions to bringing children into life. Data of qualitative research were collected in interviews with 170 Czech men aged between 25 and 50. A grounded theory approach was used to analyze the data. The results show strong social pressure determining the ideal form of material and psychosocial background for offspring confronts current generation with very demanding decision-making on parenthood timing. Although men are in need of negotiations, the responsibility and practical decision-making is mainly left up to women. The inability of men to father their own genetic child has been identified as a main concern and an important infertility topic. However, the results have shown a low attention paid to the prevention of disorders of the men´s reproductive health.

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Kolla, Durga. "Developmental Exposure to Xenoestrogens: Effects on the Mouse Mammary Gland Development and Response to Estrogen." 2018. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/652.

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Humans experience ubiquitous exposures to estrogenic environmental chemicals from food, personal care products, and other industrial and consumer goods. Bisphenol A (BPA), a well-studied xenoestrogen, is known to alter development of estrogen-sensitive organs including the brain, reproductive tract, and mammary gland. Bisphenol S (BPS), which has a similar chemical structure to BPA, is also used in many consumer products, but its effects on estrogen-sensitive organs in mammals has not been thoroughly examined. In our study, pregnant CD-1 mice were orally exposed to BPS or ethinyl estradiol (EE2, a positive control for estrogenicity) from gestational day 9 through postnatal day (PND) 2, the period when many estrogen-sensitive organs are developing. After weaning, the offspring were administered either oil (vehicle) or an estrogen challenge (1 μg EE2/kg/day) for ten days starting at PND21 (prior to puberty), PND80 (early adulthood), or PND260 (later adulthood). Timing of puberty was evaluated in females by noting the date on which vaginal opening occurred. After the 10 day estrogen challenge, we evaluated the response of endocrine sensitive organs through measurements of organ weight, tissue morphology, and gene expression in both males and females. We observed dose- and sex-specific effects of BPS and EE2 treatment, as well as alterations in the responses of males and females to the estrogen challenge. This study sheds light on the effects of low dose xenoestrogen exposures on estrogen-sensitive organs including the reproductive tract and mammary gland. Furthermore, it improves our understanding of the influence of environmental chemicals on secular trends of earlier age of puberty in girls reported over the past few decades.

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Books on the topic "Birth control - Research - Swaziland"

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Family Life Association of Swaziland. Strategic plan 1996-2000 for the Family Life Association of Swaziland. [Manzini]: The Association, 1996.

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Simelane, N. Legal and policy barriers affecting delivery of family planning services in Swaziland. [Mbabane: International Planned Parenthood Federation, Africa Region], 1995.

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National Seminar on Population Policy for Development and Self-Reliance in Swaziland (1992 Mbabane, Swaziland). Proceedings of the National Seminar on Population Policy for Development and Self-Reliance in Swaziland. [Kwaluseni, Swaziland]: Dept. of Statistics and Demography, University of Swaziland, 1993.

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Ahmed, Kazi Saleh. Redesigning the Operations Research Project surveillance system. Dhaka: ICDDR,B, Centre for Health and Population Research, 1999.

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Family Life Association of Swaziland. 10 years of Family Life Association of Swaziland. [Manzini, Swaziland]: The Association, 1989.

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All kinds of family planning: Socio-political research towards a better future. 2nd ed. Enugu, Nigeria: Fourth Dimension Publishers, 1986.

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Bankole, Akinrinola. Unmet need for couples: A conceptual framework and evaluation with DHS data. Nairobi, Kenya: African Population & Health Research Center, 1999.

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Simmons, Ruth. The study of client-provider interactions: A review of methodological issues. New York, NY: Population Council, 1993.

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Myrna, Seidman, and Horn Marjorie C, eds. Operations research: Helping family planning programs work better : proceedings of an International Conference and Workshop on Using Operations Research to Help Family Planning Programs Works Better, held in Columbia, Maryland, June 11-14, 1990. New York, NY: Wiley-Liss, 1991.

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Obeng-Quaidoo, Isaac. Research strategies in population communication in Africa. [Nairobi]: UNESCO-UNFPA Population Communication Project, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Birth control - Research - Swaziland"

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Picavet, Charles. "Birth Control." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 412–13. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_218.

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Talwar, G. P., and Om Singh. "Birth Control Vaccines Inducing Antibodies Against Chorionic Gonadotropin." In Contraception Research for Today and the Nineties, 183–97. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3746-4_17.

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Bobier, Lacey. "The Sexualization of Menstruation: On Rape, Tampons, and ‘Prostitutes’." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies, 303–17. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_24.

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Abstract This study contradicts extant research asserting that girls rarely connect menstruation with sexuality. Through interviews with post-menarcheal girls, Bobier demonstrates that they relate sexuality with menses, fluidly transitioning between subjects of menstruation and sex. Girls talk about tampons and Trojans in the same breath, discuss “waiting until you’re ready” to describe tampon usage, express a fear of “down there,” and consider “provocative girls” as their opposites. They associate birth control pills with “prostitutes” and express broad apprehension about sexual activity. These attitudes, coupled with their rejection of the pill and tampons, reveal girls’ sensitivity to the taboo surrounding female sexuality and demonstrate their desire to be “good girls.” At the same time, they are aware that they exist within a set of gender and power relations that limit their ability to define their bodies and their sexuality. This is underscored by concerns about rape and resulting pregnancy as an implication of menarche.

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Kontogiannatos, Dimitrios, Anna Kolliopoulou, and Luc Swevers. "The 'Trojan horse' approach for successful RNA interference in insects." In RNAi for plant improvement and protection, 25–39. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248890.0025.

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Abstract Since the discovery of RNA interference in 1998 as a potent molecular tool for the selective downregulation of gene expression in almost all eukaryotes, increasing research is being performed in order to discover applications that are useful for the pharmaceutical and chemical industry. The ease of use of double-stranded RNA for targeted in vivo gene silencing in animal cells and tissues gave birth to a massive interest from industry in order to discover biotechnological applications for human health and plant protection. For insects, RNAi became the 'Holy Grail' of pesticide manufacturing, because this technology is a promising species-specific environmentally friendly approach to killing natural enemies of cultured plants and farmed animals. The general idea to use RNAi as a pest-control agent originated with the realization that dsRNAs that target developmentally or physiologically important insect genes can cause lethal phenotypes as a result of the specific gene downregulation. Most importantly to achieve this, dsRNA is not required to be constitutively expressed via a transgene in the targeted insect but it can be administrated orally after direct spraying on the infested plants. Similarly, dsRNAs can be administered to pests after constitutive expression as a hairpin in plants or bacteria via stable transgenesis. Ideally, this technology could have already been applied in integrated pest management (IPM) if improvements were not essential in order to achieve higher insecticidal effects. There are many limitations that decrease RNAi efficiency in insects, which arise from the biochemical nature of the insect gut as well as from deficiencies in the RNAi core machinery, a common phenomenon mostly observed in lepidopteran species. To overcome these obstacles, new technologies should be assessed to ascertain that the dsRNA will be transferred intact, stable and in high amounts to the targeted insect cells. In this chapter we will review a wide range of recent discoveries that address the delivery issues of dsRNAs in insect cells, with a focus on the most prominent and efficient technologies. We will also review the upcoming and novel use of viral molecular components for the successful and efficient delivery of dsRNA to the insect cell.

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Kontogiannatos, Dimitrios, Anna Kolliopoulou, and Luc Swevers. "The 'Trojan horse' approach for successful RNA interference in insects." In RNAi for plant improvement and protection, 25–39. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248890.0004a.

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Abstract Since the discovery of RNA interference in 1998 as a potent molecular tool for the selective downregulation of gene expression in almost all eukaryotes, increasing research is being performed in order to discover applications that are useful for the pharmaceutical and chemical industry. The ease of use of double-stranded RNA for targeted in vivo gene silencing in animal cells and tissues gave birth to a massive interest from industry in order to discover biotechnological applications for human health and plant protection. For insects, RNAi became the 'Holy Grail' of pesticide manufacturing, because this technology is a promising species-specific environmentally friendly approach to killing natural enemies of cultured plants and farmed animals. The general idea to use RNAi as a pest-control agent originated with the realization that dsRNAs that target developmentally or physiologically important insect genes can cause lethal phenotypes as a result of the specific gene downregulation. Most importantly to achieve this, dsRNA is not required to be constitutively expressed via a transgene in the targeted insect but it can be administrated orally after direct spraying on the infested plants. Similarly, dsRNAs can be administered to pests after constitutive expression as a hairpin in plants or bacteria via stable transgenesis. Ideally, this technology could have already been applied in integrated pest management (IPM) if improvements were not essential in order to achieve higher insecticidal effects. There are many limitations that decrease RNAi efficiency in insects, which arise from the biochemical nature of the insect gut as well as from deficiencies in the RNAi core machinery, a common phenomenon mostly observed in lepidopteran species. To overcome these obstacles, new technologies should be assessed to ascertain that the dsRNA will be transferred intact, stable and in high amounts to the targeted insect cells. In this chapter we will review a wide range of recent discoveries that address the delivery issues of dsRNAs in insect cells, with a focus on the most prominent and efficient technologies. We will also review the upcoming and novel use of viral molecular components for the successful and efficient delivery of dsRNA to the insect cell.

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Sundstrom, Beth, and Cara Delay. "How Do We Know If Birth Control Is Safe?" In Birth Control. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wentk/9780190069674.003.0004.

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Hormonal contraceptive options are among the most well-studied medicines available today. Decades of research and experience show that they are safe. For more than 50 years, millions of women have taken “the pill” safely. Although hormonal birth control is safe for almost all women,...

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Sundstrom, Beth, and Cara Delay. "Beyond the Pill." In Birth Control. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wentk/9780190069674.003.0005.

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Almost 65% of U.S. women of reproductive age currently use a method of contraception, whether it’s “the pill,” patch, injection, vaginal ring, implant, intrauterine device (IUD), and/or condoms. Although research demonstrates that many women are dissatisfied with the pill, they remain uncertain about other...

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Hardin, Garrett. "Birth Control versus Population Control." In Living within Limits. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195078114.003.0030.

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In 1956 an association of lay Catholics in Europe announced an international essay contest, the object of which was to find a solution to overpopulation in the underdeveloped nations. The solution, they said, would "have to comply with the requirements of Catholic principles and at the same time must be effective from a positive point of view." In words plainer than the proposers were willing to use: the solution must not resort to abortion, sterilization, or contraception. A substantial prize awaited the winner. Four years later the committee announced that no entry had been found worthy of the prize: the contest was now closed. "After a number of entries had been eliminated because they did not satisfy the material conditions laid down in the rules, five manuscripts remained to be judged. Four of these had to be considered as not dealing with the question as formulated." The fifth entry, the committee decided, presented "no real solution." From this failure the committee extracted the following moral: what was required was team research. "When the fundamental problems of modern science require highly coordinated team work based on carefully planned programmes, it cannot be expected that the fundamental world-wide problems of those branches of science dealing with human beings and society would be solved by individual endeavours." The committee's statement sounds very open-minded; but is their analysis sound? Suppose a contest had the following objective: To find two different odd integers lying between the numbers 7 and 9. What good would it do to appoint a multidisciplinary committee to work on that problem? None. The very method of stating the problem ensures that it has no solution in the real world. Our knowledge of human behavior is not as securely based as our knowledge of mathematics, but the gap between the two is not overwhelming. Natural selection rewards the kind of human behavior that mocks the ideals of the Roman Catholic Church. In a community that cherishes the lives of all fetuses and children, how can functional sterility, whether partial (continence) or total (celibacy) be selected for? More than thirty years have passed since this call for an interdisciplinary committee to work on a Catholic solution, but the committee has apparently never been formed. Who would serve on it? Don Quixote, perhaps; who else?

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"5 Abortion in Late Imperial China: Routine Birth Control or Crisis Intervention?" In Research from Archival Case Records, 119–89. BRILL, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004271890_007.

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Newsham, David, and Paul C. Knox. "Oculomotor control in a group of very low birth weight (VLBW) children." In The Brain's eye: Neurobiological and clinical aspects of oculomotor research, 483–98. Elsevier, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0079-6123(02)40070-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Birth control - Research - Swaziland"

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Tu, Ethan, Lina Begdache, Daehan Won, and Ahyeon Koh. "Sweat cortisol response to stress, macronutrient consumption and birth control." In 2019 IEEE Research and Applications of Photonics in Defense Conference (RAPID). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rapid.2019.8864374.

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Haiyan Chen, Dongke Liu, Hao Wu, and Jiazhong Xu. "Research of heated winding process for composite based on “birth and death” method." In 2013 2nd International Conference on Measurement, Information and Control (ICMIC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mic.2013.6758133.

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Cárdenas-Garzón, Karen, Maria Cecilia Agudelo, Olga Lucia Tovar-Aguirre, Sandra Franco, Kelly Paola Valverde, Nelson Arias, Difariney Gonzalez, et al. "Abstract 61: Factors Related to Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Uptake and Acceptability in Manizales, Colombia, 2017-2019: A Population-Based Study of the 2003, 2004 and 2005 Birth Cohorts." In Abstracts: 9th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Global Cancer Research and Control: Looking Back and Charting a Path Forward; March 10-11, 2021. American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.asgcr21-61.

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RajKumar, Ashwin, Jeffrey Karsdon, Frederick Naftolin, and Vikram Kapila. "Electrical Inhibitor for Tocolysis." In 2020 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2020-9075.

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Abstract Preterm birth (PTB) is one of the leading causes of neonatal morbidities and mortalities. Limited methods are available to physicians for mitigating PTB, thus posing an urgent need to develop effective methods for its prevention. In prior research, a benchtop electronic uterine control device (EUCD) was developed for tocolysis through injection of current pulses. However, the benchtop version is wall tethered and constrains patients to hospitals, i.e., it is unsuitable for deployment in outpatient or home settings. This paper focuses on the development of a mechatronics-based, low-cost, battery-powered, portable, and reproducible EUCD, which is suitable for use in home and clinical environments. The developed mechatronic version is validated for electrical performance with resistive load-tests, which indicate that the mechatronic device can generate current pulses similar to the existing benchtop EUCD. Furthermore, the signals generated from the device are evaluated for repeatability using coefficient of variation (CV) analysis and the results indicate that the mechatronic version can produce repeatable frequency (1–100Hz), amplitude (1–17mA), and pulse width (1–120ms) modulated current signals. An internet of medical things (IoMT) methodology is discussed to enable seamless transition of the developed device from a clinical environment to a home-based setting for remote use by the patients.

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Rahayu, Esty Puji, and Lailatul Khusnul Rizki. "Effect of Affirmation Flashcards on Level of Anxiety in Second Stage of Labor at Midwifery Clinic, East Java." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.49.

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ABSTRACT Background: The Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2017 reported a high maternal mortality rate (MMR) in Indonesia. Safe and effective management of the second stage of labor presents a clinical challenge for laboring women and practitioners of obstetric care. This study aimed to examine effect of affirmation flashcards on level of anxiety in second stage of labor at midwifery clinic, East Java. Subjects and Method: This was a quasi-experiment with pre and post-test design was conducted at Mei Kurniawati, Amd.Keb midwifery clinic, Surabaya from July to September 2020. A sample of 30 pregnant women who planned to give birth normally at Mei Kurniawati, Amd.Keb midwifery clinic was selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was anxiety in second stage of labor. The independent was flashcard affirmation treatment. The data were analyzed by Paired T test. Results: Effect of Flashcard Affirmation treatment on anxiety, control variable (Mean=-3.70; SD= 1.48; p< 0.001) was higher than treatment variable (Mean= -2.15; SD= 1.44; p< 0.001). Effect of flashcard affirmation on the duration of second stage of labor, control variable was higher (Mean= -8.88; SD= 3.81; p< 0.001) than treatment variable (Mean=-1.02; SD= 1.17; p< 0.001). Conclusion: Maintaining the mother’s psychological condition can be done by giving positive affirmations to the mother, besides that the support of husband and family is also an important point, for that research that may be carried out to develop this research is the role of husband support in the smooth delivery of labor. Keywords: flashcard affirmation, second stage of labor, anxiety Correspondence: Esty Puji Rahayu. Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya. Jl. SMEA no.57, Surabaya. Email: esty@unusa.ac.id Mobile: 085755196600. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.49

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