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Brear, Michelle R., Karin Hammarberg, and Jane Fisher. "Community participation in health research: an ethnography from rural Swaziland." Health Promotion International 35, no. 1 (January 27, 2019): e59-e69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/day121.
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Summary Community participation in all aspects of health research is widely advocated. However, there is a lack of specificity in reporting what community members actually do, and reported participation is typically limited to discrete research activities. Greater specificity in reporting has potential to clarify how community participation might occur and how it might influence empowerment and research rigour. We conducted an ethnographic study of participatory health research (PHR) in a socio-economically marginalized rural Swazi community. Data about 10 community co-researchers’ participation in research workshops and field work were collected through participant observation over 14 months and analysed using directed content analysis, informed by the Comprehensive Community Participation in Research Framework (CCPRF). The analysis demonstrated that facilitating extensive community participation in PHR is feasible and identified 10 new research process activities in which community members might participate, for inclusion in an expanded CCPRF. We provide examples of how community members might participate in 57/59 expanded CCPRF activities and show that participatory, dialogue-based activities can be effective tools for facilitating research participation in ways that empower individual co-researchers and enhance research rigour. However, our results highlight limitations of community participation related to utilizing research results to inform actions, and empowering communities to control their environments and improve their health.
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Nelson, Bryn. "Birth control and breast cancer: An unclear connection." Cancer Cytopathology 126, no. 9 (September 2018): 751–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncy.22059.
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Borell, Merriley. "Biologists and the promotion of birth control research, 1918?1938." Journal of the History of Biology 20, no. 1 (1987): 51–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00125258.
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Lupatsch, Judith E., Christian Kreis, Garyfallos Konstantinoudis, Marc Ansari, Claudia E. Kuehni, and Ben D. Spycher. "Birth characteristics and childhood leukemia in Switzerland: a register-based case–control study." Cancer Causes & Control 32, no. 7 (April 20, 2021): 713–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10552-021-01423-3.
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Abstract Purpose Initial genetic alterations in the development of childhood leukemia occur in utero or before conception; both genetic and environmental factors are suspected to play a role. We aimed to investigate the associations between childhood leukemia and perinatal characteristics including birth order, birth interval to older siblings, parental age, birth weight, and multiple birth. Methods We identified cases diagnosed between 1981 and 2015 and born in Switzerland between 1969 and 2015 from the Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry and randomly sampled five controls per case from national birth records matched on date of birth, sex, and municipality of residence at birth. We used conditional logistic regression to investigate associations between perinatal characteristics and leukemia at ages 0–15 and 0–4 years, and the subtypes acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Results The study included 1,403 cases of leukemia. We observed increased risks associated with high birth weight (adjusted OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.12–1.69) and multiple birth (1.89, 1.24–2.86). These associations were similar for ALL and stronger for leukemia at ages 0–4 years. For AML, we observed an increased risk for higher birth order (3.08, 0.43–22.03 for fourth or later born children). We found no associations with other perinatal characteristics. Conclusion This register-based case–control study adds to the existing evidence of a positive association between high birth weight and risk of childhood leukemia. Furthermore, it suggests children from multiple births are at an increased risk of leukemia.
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Franco-Lie, I., T. Iversen, T. E. Robsahm, and M. Abdelnoor. "Birth weight and melanoma risk: a population-based case–control study." British Journal of Cancer 98, no. 1 (December 18, 2007): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6604159.
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Lukhele, Bhekumusa Wellington, Patou Musumari, Christina El-Saaidi, Teeranee Techasrivichien, S. Pilar Suguimoto, Masako Ono Kihara, and Masahiro Kihara. "Efficacy of Mobile Serious Games in Increasing HIV Risk Perception in Swaziland: A Randomized Control Trial (SGprev Trial) Research Protocol." JMIR Research Protocols 5, no. 4 (November 22, 2016): e224. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/resprot.6543.
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Ramie, Agustine, Yati Afiyanti, and Hening Pujasari. "SELF CONTROL AND SELF EFFICACY INCREASE MOTHER’S BIRTH LABOR SATISFACTION." Jurnal NERS 9, no. 1 (January 27, 2017): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v9i1.3234.
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Introduction: Self-control and self-effi cacy are necessary for would-be mothers to enhance their birth labor satisfaction. This research was conducted in Ratu Zalecha public hospital in Martapura and in Banjarbaru public hospital in South Borneo with the aim to identify the relationship between self-control and self effi cacy on the one hand, and birth labor satisfaction on the other hand. Method: Cross-sectional approach with correlative analysis was applied for this research, using 125 samples chosen from normal childbirth using consecutive sampling techniques. Result: The result of Chi-Square correlation test showed that there were some relationships between self-control as well as self-effi cacy and birth labor satisfaction (ρ value 0.002,α: 0.05) and (ρ value 0.000, α: 0.05). There were four variables resulted from double logistic analytical regression that play signifi cant roles in birth labor satisfaction, i.e., self-control, self-effi cacy, family income, and parity. Discussion: The most infl uencing variable in birth labor satisfaction was family income. Labor carers should provide enough support so that would-be mothers can view the process of childbirth as a positive and pleasant experience; hence, birth labor satisfaction will surely be tremendous.Keywords: birth labor satisfaction, self-control, self-effi cacy
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WENZEL, SUZANNE L., BARBARA D. LEAKE, RONALD M. ANDERSEN, and LILLIAN GELBERG. "Utilization of Birth Control Services among Homeless Women." American Behavioral Scientist 45, no. 1 (September 2001): 14–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00027640121956999.
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Although homeless women appear to be at notable risk of unintended pregnancy, insufficient attention has been paid to understanding their access to birth control services and the characteristics of homeless women who want birth control services. To address these research gaps, the authors analyzed data from a probability sample of 974 homeless women who were interviewed in shelters and meal programs in Los Angeles County. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that among those women who wanted birth control services during the past year, using these services was associated with fewer perceived barriers to health care, having a regular source of care, consistent use of contraception, and lower odds of alcohol dependence. Availability and cost barriers to birth control services must be reduced, and effective service linkages should be developed among providers of birth control services, substance abuse treatment, and primary care.
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Heck, Julia E., Travis J. Meyers, Christina Lombardi, Andrew S. Park, Myles Cockburn, Peggy Reynolds, and Beate Ritz. "Case-control study of birth characteristics and the risk of hepatoblastoma." Cancer Epidemiology 37, no. 4 (August 2013): 390–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2013.03.004.
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Barros, Aluísio, and Cauane Blumenberg. "Electronic data collection in epidemiological research." Applied Clinical Informatics 07, no. 03 (July 2016): 672–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2016-02-ra-0028.
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SummaryThis paper describes the use of Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) to conduct one of the follow-up waves of the 2004 Pelotas birth cohort. The aim is to point out the advantages and limitations of using this electronic data capture environment to collect data and control every step of a longitudinal epidemiological research, specially in terms of time savings and data quality.We used REDCap as the main tool to support the conduction of a birth cohort follow-up. By exploiting several REDCap features, we managed to schedule assessments, collect data, and control the study workflow. To enhance data quality, we developed specific reports and field validations to depict inconsistencies in real time.Using REDCap it was possible to investigate more variables without significant increases on the data collection time, when comparing to a previous birth cohort follow-up. In addition, better data quality was achieved since negligible out of range errors and no validation or missing inconsistencies were identified after applying over 7,000 interviews.Adopting electronic data capture solutions, such as REDCap, in epidemiological research can bring several advantages over traditional paper-based data collection methods. In favor of improving their features, more research groups should migrate from paper to electronic-based epidemiological research.Citation: Blumenberg C, Barros AJD. Electronic data collection in epidemiological research: The use of REDCap in the Pelotas birth cohorts
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Munirat Ajoke Abdulrahman. "Assessment of illiterate mothers’ perceptions on birth control and the control measures practice in Zamfara State, Nigeria." Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances 8, no. 2 (August 30, 2021): 062–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2021.8.2.0125.
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This study sought to assess the perceptions illiterate mothers on birth control and the control measures practice in Zamfara State using some selected Local Government Area (LGA) as case study. The descriptive survey research design was adopted. The study population consisted of all nursing but illiterate mothers in Zamfara State. Four hundred (400) illiterate mothers were selected sampled out of the study population using stratified simple random sampling technique. Two research questions and four null hypotheses were formulated and tested at the 0.05 levels of significance. The study made use of questionnaire as research instrument. The instrument was subjected to face and content validity by three (3) medical practitioners from Federal Medical Centre Gusau. The data collected from the study were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and Standard deviation) and the t-test statistical analysis was used to test the null hypotheses. Findings from the study revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between the Pre-test findings and the findings after being exposed to measures to be taken in birth control; There was a statistically significant difference between the Pre-test findings and the findings after being exposed to factors that contribute to their not utilizing some birth control measures and advised on the way forward.
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Petridou, Eleni Th, Stavroula K. Dikalioti, Alkistis Skalkidou, Elisabeth Andrie, Nick Dessypris, and Dimitrios Trichopoulos. "Sun exposure, birth weight, and childhood lymphomas: a case control study in Greece." Cancer Causes & Control 18, no. 9 (July 26, 2007): 1031–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10552-007-9044-2.
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Kapoguzov, Evgenii, Roman Chupin, and Maria Kharlamova. "Institutional Capacity and Control of Legitimate Birth Rate in Siberian Regions." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Political, Sociological and Economic sciences 2019, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 398–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2500-3372-2019-4-4-398-405.
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The research featured the decline of legitimate birth rate in the context of the transformation that family institution is currently undergoing. According to the Demography National project of the Russian Federation, the key objective of the national demographic policy is to increase the number of children up to 1.7 per woman. The authors believe that it is impossible to achieve the target indicator without revealing the institutional capacity of the so-called traditional family, which has a lower the level of birth control by abortion and contraception. In order to determine the institutional capacity of the national project, the authors estimated the legitimate birth rate and the level of birth control by the population. The methods involved the Coale-Trussell’s model, which is based on the assumption that controlled birth rate deviates from natural birth rate. The study was based on the data about the number of births in 2017. The data were obtained from twelve Siberian regions and included such information as maternal age and legitimacy. The Coale-Trussell’s model revealed a good institutional capacity that can enhance the demographic function of the family and increase the birth rate.
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Su, Sophia, Kevin Baird, and Herb Schoch. "Management control systems." Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change 13, no. 1 (March 6, 2017): 2–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jaoc-03-2015-0032.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the association between the interactive and diagnostic approaches to using controls and Miller and Friesen’s (1984) organizational life cycle (OLC) stages (birth, growth, maturity, revival). Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from a random sample of 343 general managers in Australian manufacturing organizations. Findings The results indicate that both approaches are used to a greater extent in the growth and revival stages than the birth and maturity stages, whereas the interactive and diagnostic approaches are used to a similar extent in each of the four OLC stages. Research limitations/implications This study contributes to the management control system literature by examining the use of the interactive and diagnostic approaches from an OLC perspective. The findings highlight that the complementary nature of the interactive and diagnostic approaches applies in each OLC stages, and suggest that similar attention should be placed on the use of both the interactive and diagnostic approaches in each OLC stage. Practical implications The study provides managers with an insight into the prevalence of the use of interactive and diagnostic approaches across the birth, growth, maturity and revival stages. Originality/value This study contributes to the management control system literature by adopting the configuration approach to examine how multiple contingent variables simultaneously affect the approach to using controls. Specifically, this study examines how organizations adjust their emphasis on Simons’ (1995) interactive and diagnostic approaches to using controls as they move across different development stages. These development stages were labelled as OLC stages and are determined based on the simultaneous consideration of multiple contingent factors.
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Fisher, Kate, and Simon Szreter. "“They Prefer Withdrawal”: The Choice of Birth Control in Britain, 1918–1950." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 34, no. 2 (October 2003): 263–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002219503322649507.
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New findings from an oral-history research project investigating sexuality, marriage, and birth control among working-class couples born in the first quarter of the twentieth century run contrary to the family-planning and marriageguidance manuals of the period, as well to demographers' and historians' assumptions. These couples tended to prefer traditional methods of birth control, notably withdrawal, to more modern, mechanical, ones on the grounds that they were more “natural”. Although many respondents acknowledged that withdrawal compromised sensual pleasure to some extent, most saw equivalent, or worse, drawbacks in the other available means of birth control.
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Prescott, Heather Munro, and Lauren MacIvor Thompson. "A Right to Ourselves: Women's Suffrage and the Birth Control Movement." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 19, no. 4 (August 3, 2020): 542–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781420000304.
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AbstractThe suffrage and birth control movements are often treated separately in historical scholarship. This essay brings together new research to demonstrate their close connections. Many suffragists became active in the birth control movement just before and after the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. The roots of suffrage arguments were deeply embedded in the same ideas that were foundational to the birth control movement: bodily freedom and notions of what constituted full and participatory citizenship. Beginning in the 1840s, women's rights reformers directly connected the vote to a broad range of economic and political issues, including the concept of self-ownership. Wide-ranging debates about individual autonomy remained present in women's rights rhetoric and were then repeated in the earliest arguments for legalizing birth control. The twentieth-century birth control movement, like the suffrage movement before it (which had largely focused only on achieving the vote for white women), would then grapple with competing goals of restrictive racist and eugenic arguments for contraception alongside the emphasis on achieving emancipation for all women.
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Jansen, A. H., and V. Chernick. "Fetal breathing and development of control of breathing." Journal of Applied Physiology 70, no. 4 (April 1, 1991): 1431–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.70.4.1431.
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Technical advances during the last several decades have greatly facilitated research into fetal physiology and behavior, specifically fetal breathing (FB). Breathing movements have been demonstrated in the fetuses of every mammalian species investigated and appear to be part of normal fetal development. In this review we focus on the methods of measuring FB and on some of the problems associated with these measurements and their interpretation. We also review fetal behavior, the role of the peripheral and central chemoreceptors in spontaneous FB, the fetal respiratory response to hypercapnia and hypoxia, and the transition to continuous breathing at birth. It is clear that in many ways the control of breathing movements in utero differs from that after birth. In particular, inhibitory influences are much more prominent before than after birth. Possibly this is due to the unique fetal situation, in which conservation of energy may be more important than any advantage breathing activity imparts to the fetus.
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Siegel, Miriam, Carissa M. Rocheleau, Candice Y. Johnson, Martha A. Waters, Christina C. Lawson, Tiffany Riehle-Colarusso, and Jennita Reefhuis. "Maternal Occupational Oil Mist Exposure and Birth Defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2011." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 9 (May 4, 2019): 1560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16091560.
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Workers in various industries can be exposed to oil mists when oil-based fluids are aerosolized during work processes. Oil mists can be inhaled or deposited on the skin. Little research exists on the reproductive effects of oil mist exposure in pregnant workers. We aimed to investigate associations between occupational oil mist exposure in early pregnancy and a spectrum of birth defects using data from 22,011 case mothers and 8140 control mothers in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. In total, 150 mothers were rated as exposed. Manufacturing jobs, particularly apparel manufacturing, comprised the largest groups of exposed mothers. Mothers of infants with septal heart defects (odds ratio (OR): 1.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0–3.3), and especially perimembranous ventricular septal defects (OR: 2.5, CI: 1.2–5.2), were more likely to be occupationally exposed to oil mists in early pregnancy than control mothers; and their rater-estimated cumulative exposure was more likely to be higher. This was the first U.S. study evaluating associations between oil mist exposure and a broad spectrum of birth defects. Our results are consistent with previous European studies, supporting a potential association between oil-based exposures and congenital heart defects. Further research is needed to evaluate the reproductive effects of occupational oil mist exposure.
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Homei, Aya. "Midwife and Public Health Nurse Tatsuyo Amari and a State-Endorsed Birth Control Campaign in 1950s Japan." Nursing History Review 24, no. 1 (2016): 41–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1062-8061.24.41.
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AbstractMrs. Tatsuyo Amari, a qualified midwife and nurse, served Japan’s state-endorsed birth control campaign as a “birth control field instructor” in rural Minamoto Village of Yamanashi Prefecture just west of Tokyo. Her work sheds light on the role of female health-care workers in health and population governance in 1950s Japan. Amari not only facilitated the “top-down” transfer of the state-sanctioned idea of birth control and contraceptives, as did other birth control field instructors, but also enabled the “bottom-up” flow of knowledge about people’s reproductive lives through her participation in the policy-oriented birth control research called the “three model-village study.” Contextualizing Amari’s engagement with the study elucidates how the state relied on the established role of female health-care workers as intermediaries between the state and the people. Finally, Amari’s contribution to the scientific aspect of the campaign may motivate historians to recognize the politics around the participation of female health-care workers in the science of birth control.
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Gramsbergen, Albert. "Postural Control in Man: The Phylogenetic Perspective." Neural Plasticity 12, no. 2-3 (2005): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/np.2005.77.
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Erect posture in man is a recent affordance from an evolutionary perspective. About eight million years ago, the stock from which modern humans derived split off from the ape family, and from around sixty-thousand years ago, modern man developed. Upright gait and manipulations while standing pose intricate cybernetic problems for postural control. The trunk, having an older evolutionary history than the extremities, is innervated by medially descending motor systems and extremity muscles by the more recent, laterally descending systems. Movements obviously require concerted actions from both systems. Research in rats has demonstrated the interdependencies between postural control and the development of fluent walking. Only 15 days after birth, adult-like fluent locomotion emerges and is critically dependent upon postural development. Vesttibular deprivation induces a retardation in postural development and, consequently, a retarded development of adult-like locomotion. The cerebellum obviously has an important role in mutual adjustments in postural control and extremity movements, or, in coupling the phyiogenetic older and newer structures. In the human, the cerebellum develops partly after birth and therefore is vulnerable to adverse perinatal influences. Such vulnerability seems to justify focusing our scientific research efforts onto the development of this structure.
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Komarudin, Mohammad, Sekarayu Maharani, and Nurul Makiyah. "Angka Kejadian Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah Dan Faktor Risiko Yang Berkaitan Di Rskia Sadewa Sleman." Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences 7, no. 1 (July 21, 2020): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/metamorfosa.2020.v07.i01.p17.
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ABSTRACT
Low Birth Weight (LBW) on newborn baby is one of other causes for the infant death number rising in Indonesia. Low Birth Weight on newborn baby may risks them to had a complications for other disease, disabilities, even growth and development disorders. The number of LBW in D.I Yogyakarta reached 10% cases in 2013. The purpose of this research is to known the total case of low birth weight and to known the related risk factors which might had correlations with the low birth weight coincidence in RSKIA Sadewa Sleman in 2016. This research uses quantitative type of research with an analitic observational method and cross-sectional design. The sample for this research are 1200 samples in total of all low birth weight newborn babies and all of normal weight newborn baby in RSKIA Sadewa Sleman in January 2016 until December 2016. The sampling technique that this research uses is a purposive samping technique. This research uses secondary data from the medical records of the samples to get datas needed for this research and to calculate the anaylitical correlations of the research with Chi-square test. The results obtained 319 LBW of 1200 babies born in RSKIA Sleman. There is a risk factor that has a significant relationship (p <0.05) with LBW incidence, there are mother age, gestational age, maternal parity, mother occupation, and antenatal care control visits (ANC). This research also obtained closeness values from factors that had a relationship with the low birth weight newborn babies cases, there are mother age (r = 0,373), gestational age (r = 0,416), maternal parity (r = 0,114), mother occupation (r = 0,112), and antenatal care control visits (ANC) (r = 0,079). Based on the research results, we found that the gestational age is the most related factors within the incidences of low birth weight newborn babies, this factor also had the highest closeness values among other factors with its moderate closeness value(r=0,416). It was concluded that the LBW incidence rate was 319 out of 1200 births at RSKIA Sadewa Sleman DIY. Mother age, gestational age, maternal parity, mother occupation, and antenatal care control visits (ANC) are all have significant relationship to the incidences of low birth weight newborn babies, and also the gestational age factor is the most related factors with the highest closeness value level factor is the gestational age factor
Keywords: low birth weight, mother age, gestational age, maternal parity, mother occupation, antenatal care control visits (ANC).
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Solihah, Rosida, Herri S. Sastramihardja, and Achmad Suardi. "PENGARUH TERAPI SPIRITUAL EMOTIONAL FREEDOM TECHNIQUE (SEFT) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KECEMASAN PRIMIGRAVIDA PARTURIEN KALA I FASE LATEN DAN LAMA PERSALINAN." JURNAL KESEHATAN STIKes MUHAMMADIYAH CIAMIS 5, no. 2 (October 5, 2020): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.52221/jurkes.v5i2.38.
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The rate of maternal mortality in Indonesia has been more increasing. One of them is caused by prolongation of birth. It is occured by some factors. They are parity, interval of birth, age, premature rupture of membranes (KPD), dependent women, anxiety, fear, response and stress. One of the ways that can be used to overcome the anxiety is by giving spiritual emotional freedom technique (SEFT) treatment on parturien. The objective of the research is to find out the influence of SEFT treatment on anxiety reduction primigravida parturien I latent phase and the duration of birth. The research uses Quasi Eksperimental methode by involving the sample 26 infartu mothers as a pretest-postes control group design. The research was conducted from November-January 2018. Sampling in the research uses concecutive sampling so that the researcher obtained 13 respondents treatment group and 13 respondents for control respondents. The results of the research in the intervention group showed decrease in anxiety score from pre to post with thitung result of 5,944 with a p value 0.000. In the variable of prolongation birth showed there was a difference between the intervention group and the control group with the thitung of -8.830 with a p value of 0.000, whereas the results of different test in both groups on the decrease in anxiety on the duration of birth showed the value of p 0.001, which means there is the effect of SEFT on decrease anxiety primigravida parturien 1 latent phase and duration of birth.
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Ogidi, Chinenye Ifeoma, Anthony U. Okere, Shulamite E. Ogbuabor, Angela Ngozi Nwadike, Stella Anietie Usen, Amobi Julia Onumonu, Lilian Chijioke Ozoemena, Nkechinyere Charity Edeh, and Chisom E. Egwim. "Knowledge and Use of Birth Control Methods for Family Planning by Married People in Nsukka Education Zone of Enugu State." Global Journal of Health Science 11, no. 8 (July 24, 2019): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v11n8p96.
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OBJECTIVE: The study investigated the knowledge level and use of birth control methods by married people for family planning in Nsukka Education Zone of Enugu state.
MATERIALS & METHODS: The population of this study comprised 4450 married people who registered for marriage from 2010 to 2017 in Nsukka Education Zone of Enugu State. The sample was 445 respondents (210 married males and 235 married females). The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire titled: Knowledge and use of birth control methods for family planning questionnaire (KUBCM). The study was guided by four research questions and four hypotheses. The (KUBCM) research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation while t-test statistics was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance.
RESULTS: The results obtained showed that married people in Nsukka Education zone have knowledge of birth control methods; that they make use of birth control methods to a great extent; and that there is a significant difference in the mean responses of male and female married people on the extent to which married people make use of birth control methods for family planning.
CONCLUSION: Both male and female married people have knowledge of common birth control methods of family planning, therefore, couples should discuss together which birth control method of family planning they want to adopt. It should not be a one-man affair. We recommend among others, the full integration of the male population in the family planning programmes, and provision of sensitization programmes aimed at improving male involvement in family planning by government and non-governmental
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Vatten, L. J., and T. I. L. Nilsen. "Reply 2: Birth weight as a predictor of breast cancer: a case–control study in Norway." British Journal of Cancer 88, no. 11 (May 27, 2003): 1820–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6600979.
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Soloway, Richard A. "The 'Perfect Contraceptive': Eugenics and Birth Control Research in Britain and America in the Interwar Years." Journal of Contemporary History 30, no. 4 (October 1995): 637–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002200949503000404.
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Prata, Ndola, Karen Weidert, Anne Zepecki, Elina Yon, Elizabeth Pleasants, Petrice Sams-Abiodun, and Sylvia Guendelman. "Using Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) to Access Google Data and Gain Insights Into Searches on Birth Control in Louisiana and Mississippi, 2014-2018: Infoveillance Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 7 (July 12, 2021): e25923. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/25923.
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Background It is now common to search for health information online. A 2013 Pew Research Center survey found that 77% of online health seekers began their query at a search engine. The widespread use of online health information seeking also applies to women’s reproductive health. Despite online interest in birth control, not much is known about related interests and concerns reflected in the search terms in the United States. Objective In this study, we identify the top search terms on Google related to birth control in Louisiana and Mississippi and compare those results to the broader United States, examining how Google searches on birth control have evolved over time and identifying regional variation within states. Methods We accessed search data on birth control from 2014-2018 from 2 Google application programming interfaces (APIs), Google Trends and Google Health Trends. We selected Google as it is the most commonly used search engine. We focused our analysis on data from 2017 and compared with 2018 data as appropriate. To assess trends, we analyzed data from 2014 through 2018. To compare the relative search frequencies of the top queries across Louisiana, Mississippi, and the United States, we used the Google Health Trends API. Relative search volume by designated marketing area (DMA) gave us the rankings of search volume for each birth control method in each DMA as compared to one another. Results Results showed that when people searched for “birth control” in Louisiana and the broader United States, they were searching for information on a diverse spectrum of methods. This differs from Mississippi, where the data indicated people were mainly searching for information related to birth control pills. Across all locations, searches for birth control pills were significantly higher than any other queries related to birth control in the United States, Louisiana, and Mississippi, and this trend remained constant from 2014 to 2018. Regional level analysis showed variations in search traffic for birth control across each state. Conclusions The internet is a growing source of health information for many users, including information on birth control. Understanding popular Google search queries on birth control can inform in-person discussions initiated by family planning practitioners and broader birth control messaging campaigns. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/16543
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Rak, Kimberly, and Craig Janes. "Reproductive Health in Post-Transition Mongolia: Global Discourses and Local Realities." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 3, no. 1 (2004): 171–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569150042036648.
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AbstractGlobal reproductive health policy is based on assumptions, couched in scientific language, that technological methods of birth control are superior to traditional methods, use of these methods is more modern and "rational" than alternatives, and abortion should not be considered a form of birth control. The authority these assumptions have achieved in global health circles prevents alternative options from being considered. Our research on women's birth control experiences in Mongolia suggests that reproductive health programs based on such global assumptions fail to consider the local cultural contexts of reproductive decision-making address women's needs, and are therefore seriously flawed.
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Ramadhan, Munggarani, and Ipah Saripah. "Profil Kemandirian Siswa SMA Berdasarkan Urutan Kelahiran dan Implikasinya Terhadap Bimbingan dan Konseling." Indonesian Journal of Educational Counseling 1, no. 2 (July 31, 2017): 145–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30653/001.201712.11.
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Autonomy Profile of Senior High School Student Based on Birth Order and Implication from Guidance and Counseling. The research was motivated by the lack of autonomy of students, where they so many factor influence which is birth order is among them. Autonomy is the readinnes of individuals to regulate, control, and manage themselves without depend on adult person and responnsibility for decision. The purpose of research to describe autonomy of students based on birth order. The research approach using a quantitative approach with descriptive method. The population in this reseacrh is a class XII student of SMA Al Muttaqin Fullday School Tasikmalaya Academic Year 2015/2016. The results showed a picture of autonomy of students based on birth order in higher category. Recommendations research showed to teachers Guidance and Counseling and further research.
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Nurhidayah, Nurhidayah, and Emy Ismiaty. "The Correlation of Satisfaction of Birth Control Program by Contraception Injection with the Entgusiasm to be Acceptor in BPM Mustardiyah." Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan (Journal of Ners and Midwifery) 3, no. 3 (December 1, 2016): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.26699/jnk.v3i3.art.p193-197.
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The cause of drop out in using injection contraceptionn caused by the couple factor, want tohave more children, health factor and method of contraception that is the side effectand the cost.Besides, another factors that influence the choosing of contraception variation is education level knowledge,family prosperity, religion and support of husband and wife. Those factors will be influenced withthe success of birth control program. The goal of this research was to identify the correlation ofsatificationof birth controlprogram by injection with the enthusiasm to be acceptor in BPM MustardiyahManyaran, Banyakan Kabupaten Kediri. The research was correlational and used crossectional approach.The variable of this research was the satification as independent variable and prosperity asdependent variable. The population were all of Birth control acceptor as much as 108 respondents. Thesample 52 respondents by simple random sampling. The data analysis used chi quadrat. The resultshowed that 34 mothers (65,4%) in category of satisfy, and 35 mothers (67,3 %) was enthusiasm to beacceptor from. The analysis of the two variables showed that value < = 0,000 < 0,05 H¹ accepted,means that there was correlation between birth controlsatisficationand enthusiasm to be acceptor inBPM MustardiyahManyaran, Banyakan Kabupaten Kediri. It was suggested for midwife to increasetheir knowledge to make their service better.
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Moore, Mary Lou. "Research Update: Misoprostol—Is More Research Needed?" Journal of Perinatal Education 11, no. 3 (July 2002): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1058-1243.11.3.43.
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Misoprostol (Cytotec) is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue that was designed for the prevention and treatment of peptic ulcer associated with the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In obstetrics, misoprostol has been administered for induction of first and second trimester abortion, for induction of labor in the third trimester, and to control postpartum hemorrhage. None of these uses has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Nevertheless, misoprostol is widely used in the United States and throughout the world. Advantages are cited as reduced rate of cesareans, shorter time from induction to birth and, particularly in developing countries, lower cost, oral, vaginal or rectal administration, and stability without refrigeration. Disadvantages are uterine hyperstimulation and, in rare instances, uterine rupture and death. Mothers should be informed of both the risks and the possible benefits of misoprostol. Further research with large samples is necessary to determine whether the risks outweigh any possible benefits.
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Franc, Jaroslav. "Matthew the Poor: Towards Modern Birth Control Methods in the Coptic Orthodox Church." Family Forum 9 (February 27, 2020): 173–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/ff/1090.
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The paper is focused on the Matta el-Meskeen (Matthew the Poor) and his reflection of selected bioethical issue: birth control. The paper deals with the forming stages of the bioethical discussions within the Coptic Orthodox Church in Egypt. The research is based on Matthew the Poor´s articles and books. The first part presents his teachings about theosis as an key concept of his theology in general and bioethics in particular. The second part brings analysis of his birth control reflections and presents his observations about the role of the Church and the state in the decision making process of Christian believers.
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Herawati, Ita, and Nofa Anggraini. "Efek Perawatan Metode Kangguru Terhadap Kenaikan Berat Badan pada Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah." Jurnal Kebidanan dan Kesehatan Tradisional 5, no. 1 (March 9, 2020): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37341/jkkt.v5i1.108.
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Background: The number of cases of low birth weight is still quite high, 15% of the 20 million babies worldwide are born with low birth weight every year. Low birth weight conditions need to be a concern because it can cause health complications. Aim to Analize the effect of kanggoro method to increase baby's weight of low birth weight. Methods: The experimental research design used was a static pre- posttest control group design with a case control approach, namely research by grouping or classifying intervention groups against the control group. The type of statistical test used in this study is the t test (t test). we performed 30 of low birth weight babies as a case of kangaroo care for 7 days and as control were 60 low birth weight babies, were only treated according to the hospital standart procedure,like ASI, parenterally and the drugs needed. Results: The average weight gain of infants who were intervened by the kangaroo method was 30.2 grams with a standard deviation of 11.79 grams, while for infants who were not intervened by the kangaroo method, the average baby's weight gain was only 15.5 grams with a standard deviation of 8,57 grams. Statistical test results obtained p = 0,000. Conclution: there were significant differences in the average weight gain of infants who were intervened by the kangaroo method and those who were not intervened by the kangaroo method.
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Oksuzyan, S., C. M. Crespi, M. Cockburn, G. Mezei, and L. Kheifets. "Birth weight and other perinatal factors and childhood CNS tumors: A case–control study in California." Cancer Epidemiology 37, no. 4 (August 2013): 402–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2013.03.007.
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Kovale, Sabine, Madara Teraudkalna, Beate Vasioleka, and Kristine Rasnaca. "CHILDBIRTH EXPERIENCE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN MATERNITY CARE INSTITUTIONS IN LATVIA." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 4 (May 28, 2021): 368–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2021vol4.6379.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on people’s lives worldwide, causing stress and anxiety for many people, including pregnant women. In addition do not knowing the implications of the new disease, pregnant women may also be negatively impacted by public health actions, such as limitations for accompanying persons to participate in childbirth and overall social distancing. The main objective of the research is to compare childbirth among women who gave birth during the COVID-19 pandemic with a control group. The data was collected using a questionnaire for Assessing the Childbirth Experience. 537 women who gave birth in 2019 and 2020 were included in the research and divided into two groups based on whether they gave birth before or after the state of emergency was declared in Latvia on March 12, 2020. The data was analysed using the IBM SPSS statistics program. The results showed that the childbirth experience for women giving birth without an accompanying person was statistically inferior on several accounts (process control, level of fear, breastfeeding support, etc.) than for women who had an accompanying person participating. In the research group there were proportionally more such women than in the control group, showing that COVID-19 has negatively impacted childbirth experience for many women.
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Gong, Tong, Bronwyn Brew, Arvid Sjölander, and Catarina Almqvist. "Towards non-conventional methods of designing register-based epidemiological studies: An application to pediatric research." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 45, no. 17_suppl (July 2017): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494817702339.
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Aims: Various epidemiological designs have been applied to investigate the causes and consequences of fetal growth restriction in register-based observational studies. This review seeks to provide an overview of several conventional designs, including cohort, case-control and more recently applied non-conventional designs such as family-based designs. We also discuss some practical points regarding the application and interpretation of family-based designs. Methods: Definitions of each design, the study population, the exposure and the outcome measures are briefly summarised. Examples of study designs are taken from the field of low birth-weight research for illustrative purposes. Also examined are relative advantages and disadvantages of each design in terms of assumptions, potential selection and information bias, confounding and generalisability. Kinship data linkage, statistical models and result interpretation are discussed specific to family-based designs. Results: When all information is retrieved from registers, there is no evident preference of the case-control design over the cohort design to estimate odds ratios. All conventional designs included in the review are prone to bias, particularly due to residual confounding. Family-based designs are able to reduce such bias and strengthen causal inference. In the field of low birth-weight research, family-based designs have been able to confirm a negative association not confounded by genetic or shared environmental factors between low birth weight and the risk of asthma. Conclusions: We conclude that there is a broader need for family-based design in observational research as evidenced by the meaningful contributions to the understanding of the potential causal association between low birth weight and subsequent outcomes.
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Chase, Lilah, and Jesse Morrell. "Impact of Birth Control Use on Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Female College Students." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa043_016.
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Abstract Objectives Research suggests birth control (BC) use alters blood lipids in women. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in metabolic syndrome risk between birth control users vs. nonusers in a sample of female college students, 18–24 years old. Methods Data were collected between 2005–18 from the College Health and Nutrition Assessment Survey, an ongoing, cross-sectional study conducted at a midsized, northeastern university. Anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical measures were obtained in the fasted state and used to determine metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence. BC use was self-reported. Proportional differences between BC vs. non-BC users of MetS and individual MetS components were evaluated via chi-square tests. Results Forty-five % of the final sample (n = 6456) reported using BC. MetS (≥3 MetS criteria) was present in 3.9% of students; 16.7% of students had ≥ 2 MetS criteria. BC users vs. nonusers were more likely to have at-risk triglyceride levels (22.4 vs. 11.0%, P < .001) but less likely to have at-risk HDL levels (21.2 vs. 27.7%, P < .001) and abdominal obesity (14.3% vs. 16.4, P < .05). No significant differences were observed in prevalence of elevated blood pressure or glucose between BC users vs. nonusers. Overall, MetS prevalence did not differ between groups (3.8 vs. 3.9%, P = .85). Conclusions Our findings suggest BC use is common and impacts different MetS criteria in college females. College health providers and nutrition educators can utilize research findings to tailor information for female students at risk for MetS and chronic disease. Funding Sources New Hampshire Agriculture Experiment Station and USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch Project 1,010,738.
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Vande Pol, Katherine, Naomi Cooper, Andres Tolosa, Michael Ellis, Richard Gates, Yijie Xiong, Caleb M. Shull, Katie Brown, and Stephan da Silva. "PSV-7 Effects of drying and oxygenation of piglets at birth on rectal temperatures in the early post-natal period." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_3 (November 2, 2020): 154–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa054.272.
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Abstract Piglets often experience hypothermia early after birth. Previous research has suggested that drying piglets and administration of oxygen (a potential treatment for asphyxiation) at birth may increase post-natal rectal temperatures. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of drying and administering oxygen at birth on piglet rectal temperature over the first 24 h after birth. The study, conducted at a commercial facility, used a CRD with 42 sows/litters randomly allotted at start of farrowing to 3 treatments (applied at birth): Control (no drying or oxygenation); Dried (using a cellulose-based desiccant); Dried+Oxygen [dried and placed in a chamber (40% oxygen) for 20 min]. At birth, piglets were weighed and uniquely identified. Rectal temperature was measured at 0, 20, 30, 45, 60, 120, and 1440 min after birth. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS. Litter was the experimental unit; piglet was a subsample of litter. The statistical model included effects of treatment, time of measurement, and the interaction. Both the Dried and Dried+Oxygen treatments had greater (P < 0.05) rectal temperatures than the Control between 20 and 120 min. However, the Dried+Oxygen treatment had lower (P < 0.05) rectal temperatures than the Dried treatment between 20 and 60 minutes. Temperatures at 1440 min were lower (P < 0.05) for the Dried+Oxygen than the other treatments; however, differences were small. In conclusion, drying piglets at birth increased rectal temperatures over the first 2 h after birth. The combination of drying piglets at birth and placement in an oxygen chamber for 20 min was less effective at moderating post-natal temperature changes than drying alone. Further research on piglet oxygenation is necessary to understand the reason for these reduced temperatures, and whether this treatment affects pre-weaning mortality. This research was funded by the National Pork Board.
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Barrette, Stéphane, Mark L. Bernstein, Leslie L. Robison, Yvan Samson, Josée Brossard, Sheila Weitzman, and William G. Woods. "Incidence of Neuroblastoma After a Screening Program." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 31 (November 1, 2007): 4929–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.12.1905.
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Purpose A significant increase in the incidence of neuroblastoma occurred among a 5-year birth cohort (May 1989 to April 1994) during an active urinary screening program for its early detection. We examined the postscreening incidence of neuroblastoma in the subsequent 5-year birth cohort (May 1994 to April 1999), with follow-up to 2002, to determine whether the incidence remained increased. Patients and Methods We reviewed institutional records of patients diagnosed with neuroblastoma during the period from 1994 to 2002 who were born in 1994 to 1999 in the province of Quebec, as well as in the state of Minnesota and the province of Ontario, regions that had served as controls during the screening interval. We calculated and compared incidence rates during the 1994 to 2002 time period. Results For the 5-year birth cohort as a whole, the rate of newly diagnosed neuroblastoma was higher in Quebec than in the control populations of Minnesota and Ontario (standardized incidence ratio, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.70). However, in years 4 and 5 of the interval, population-based incidence declined to the same levels as those seen in the control areas. Conclusion The institution of a urinary screening program for neuroblastoma led to increased awareness of the diagnosis and an elevated rate of diagnosis even after the completion of the screening evaluation. However, this halo effect was transient, with diagnostic rates subsequently decreasing within the range seen in control populations.
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Demelash, Habtamu, Dabere Nigatu, and Ketema Gashaw. "A Case-Control Study on Intimate Partner Violence during Pregnancy and Low Birth Weight, Southeast Ethiopia." Obstetrics and Gynecology International 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/394875.
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Introduction. Violence against women has serious consequences for their reproductive and sexual health including birth outcomes. In Ethiopia, though the average parity of pregnant women is much higher than in other African countries, the link between intimate partner violence with low birth weight is unknown.Objective. The aim of this study was to examine the association between intimate partner violence and low birth weight among pregnant women.Method. Hospital based case-control study was conducted among 387 mothers (129 cases and 258 controls). Anthropometric measurements were taken both from mothers and their live births. The association between intimate partner violence and birth weight was computed through bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses and statistical significance was declared atP<0.05.Result. Out of 387 interviewed mothers, 100 (25.8%) had experienced intimate partner violence during their index pregnancy period. Relatively more mothers of low birth weight infants were abused (48%) compared with controls (16.4%). Those mothers who suffered acts of any type of intimate partner violence during pregnancy were three times more likely to have a newborn with low birth weight (95% CI; (1.57 to 7.18)). The association between overall intimate partner violence and LBW was adjusted for potential confounder variables.Conclusion. This research result gives insight for health professional about the importance of screening for intimate partner violence during pregnancy. Health care providers should consider violence in their practice and try to identify women at risk.
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Elpinaria Girsang, Elpinaria. "THE EFFECT OF EXTENSION OF LABOR PREPARATION AGAINST THE PRIMIGRAVID MOTHER'S ANXIETY LEVEL WHILE APPROACHING THE LABOR PROCESS IN SINDANG GOODS HEALTH CENTER." Jurnal Ilmiah Wijaya 10, no. 2 (June 22, 2020): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.46508/jiw.v10i2.30.
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Legal data that belong to Health Department of Indonesia shows that the number of maternal mortality is decreasing. Even though the number of maternal mortality in Indonesia still high, it has already decreased from 307/100.000 births to 216/100.000 births based on Survey of Demographic and Health of Indonesia (SDKI) 2010/2011. To discover the influence of counseling about the preparation of giving birth to the level of anxiety of primigravida before giving birth in Puskesmas Sindang Barang. Quasi-experimental research with Equivalent Control Group Design. In this research design, it is classified into two groups, they are intervention and control by using quota sampling technique. By 36 people as the samples, data is gained by spreading questionnaire and counseling. Based on the analysis of data, it shows that the average level of anxiety after given health education about dysmenorrheal in the intervention group is 1,50, whereas the average level of anxiety after given health education in the control group is 1,06. This shows that there is the difference of the average of dysmenorrheal pain level between group that is given counseling and group that is not given counseling about giving birth preparation. Two independent samples are tested using mann-whitney test to the data that do not distribute abnormally. After mannwhitney test are done, it generates p-value of 0,003. That p-value 0,003 < α (0,05), so Ho is rejected that means there are some influences of counseling of giving birth preparation to the anxiety level of primigravida before giving birth in Puskesmas Sindang Barang. There some influences of counseling about the preparation of giving birth to the anxiety level of primigravida before giving birth in Puskesmas Sindang barang. To improve the implementation of counseling about the preparation of giving birth to the anxiety level of primigravida before giving birth.
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Mani, Sneha, Jayashri Ghosh, Yemin Lan, Suneeta Senapati, Teri Ord, Carmen Sapienza, Christos Coutifaris, and Monica Mainigi. "Epigenetic changes in preterm birth placenta suggest a role for ADAMTS genes in spontaneous preterm birth." Human Molecular Genetics 28, no. 1 (September 18, 2018): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddy325.
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Abstract Preterm birth (PTB) affects approximately 1 in 10 pregnancies and contributes to approximately 50% of neonatal mortality. However, despite decades of research, little is understood about the etiology of PTB, likely due to the multifactorial nature of the disease. In this study, we examined preterm and term placentas, from unassisted conceptions and those conceived using in vitro fertilization (IVF). IVF increases the risk of PTB and causes epigenetic change in the placenta and fetus; therefore, we utilized these patients as a unique population with a potential common etiology. We investigated genome-wide DNA methylation in placentas from term IVF, preterm IVF, term control (unassisted conception) and preterm control pregnancies and discovered epigenetic dysregulation of multiple genes involved in cell migration, including members of the ADAMTS family, ADAMTS12 and ADAMTS16. These genes function in extracellular matrix regulation and tumor cell invasion, processes replicated by invasive trophoblasts (extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs)) during early placentation. Though expression was similar between term and preterm placentas, we found that both genes demonstrate high expression in first- and second-trimester placenta, specifically in EVTs and syncytiotrophoblasts. When we knocked down ADAMTS12 or ADAMTS16in vitro, there was poor EVT invasion and reduced matrix metalloproteinase activity, reinforcing their critical role in placentation. In conclusion, utilizing a population at high risk for PTB, we have identified a role for ADAMTS gene methylation in regulating early placentation and susceptibility to PTB.
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Rosy, Nasrin, Nargis Sultana, Lutfun Naher, Zebunnessa Pervin, Sanjay Kumar Das, Mohammad Monirul Islam, Md Abul Khair, and Khan Md Arif. "Risk Factors of Low Birth Weight Baby." Faridpur Medical College Journal 13, no. 1 (August 24, 2018): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v13i1.38016.
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Low birth weight (LBW, <2500g) is an important indicator of reproductive health and general health status of population. LBW is considered as the single most important predictor of infant mortality, especially of deaths within the first month of life. This is a prospective case control study carried out in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecolgy, Faridpur Medical College Hospital, Faridpur, during the period of August 2015 to July 2016 to find out the risk factors associated with low birth weight babies and to know modifiable risk factors. Total 300 samples were included in this study. All pregnant women who delivered a LBW baby during one year of study period were selected. One hundred mothers who delivered babies having birth weight <2500 gram were selected as cases and 200 mothers who delivered babies having birth weight 2500 gram and above were taken as control. This study shows most frequent maternal age group was 18-25 years in case group and 26-35 years in control group. Fifty four percent were female and 46% were male babies in case group where as 39% were female and 61% were male babies in control group. In LBW babies mothers, having regular antenatal care were only 23.8%. Maternal factors including maternal height, maternal weight, pre-eclampsia, PROM, chronic hypertension & PPH, heart disease and DM were associated with low birth weight. Fifty six percent mothers had average food intake and 34% had poor food intake in mothers of low birth weight baby. The status of antenatal check-up and poor socio economic condition also strongly influence birth weight of baby. There is a need for national prospective research project to study the low birth weight problem at the national level.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2018;13(1): 31-34
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Ahmed, Safaa S., Sahar S. Faheim, and Samya M. A. Hegazy. "Effect of Colostrum Feeding Intervention on the Clinical and Nutritional Outcomes of Very Low Birth Weight Infant." Evidence-Based Nursing Research 1, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.47104/ebnrojs3.v1i3.60.
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Context: Having premature and very low birth weight infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), is disempowering for mothers as they lost autonomy over their behavior and lost autonomy over beginning to establish a close relationship with their neonates. Mothers highly value Breastfeeding/breast milk feeding as it is the ‘one thing that only the mother can do to protect and improve their neonates' health.
Aim: Evaluate the effect of colostrum feeding intervention on the clinical and nutritional outcomes of very low birth weight infant.
Methods: A quasi-experimental research design utilized to achieve the aim of this study. A convenient sample of 80 mothers of very low birth weight infants subjected to colostrum feeding intervention program. Their 80 very low birth weight infants (divided randomly into two groups) study and control groups to examine the effect of the colostrum feeding intervention on their clinical and nutritional outcomes versus artificial milk feeding. Three research tools used that were structured interview questionnaire, mothers’ practice observation checklist, and very low birth weight clinical and Nutritional outcomes’ record.
Results: the study reveals a significant improvement of mother knowledge and practices after colostrum feeding intervention at post and follow up compared to their pre-intervention level. The study also revealed a statistically significant difference in all clinical and nutritional outcomes between infants of the study and control groups.
Conclusion: A significant improvement in mothers’ knowledge and practice regarding colostrum feeding intervention. The study group of very low birth weight infants had a rapid growth rate, better nutritional outcomes, lesser complications compared with the control group. The study recommended tailored intervention programs for mother that expecting a very low birth weight infant. Besides, policies for training midwives at maternity centers and hospitals early to initiate colostrum feeding. Further research with larger sample size recommended to determine if early colostrum administration can affect positively on very low birth weight infants outcomes.
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K, Iriyani. "HUBUNGAN PEMBERIAN SUPLEMEN ZAT BESI (FE) PADA IBU HAMIL DENGAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR RENDAH (BBLR) DI RSUD ABDUL WAHAB SJAHRANIE SAMARINDA." Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung 2, no. 1 (January 26, 2017): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.51352/jim.v2i1.47.
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Babies of low birth weight is a baby who weighed less than 2500 grams. Low birth weight is caused by several factors i.e. a premature birth, small size baby, and IUGR (intra-uterine growth retardation). The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between supplemental iron (Fe) in pregnant women and low birth weight. The design research is quantitative method with Case Control approach using 116 samples from 58 cases and 58 control groups with a ratio of 1:1 for both sexes. The sampling method is purposive Sampling. Dana analyzed using Chi Square correlation test with CI 95% at value of α of 5%. The results showed that there was a correlations between supplemental Fe in pregnant women (ρ value = 0,001 with OR = 8.25) with low birth weight. To reduce the high incidence of low birth weight, pregnant women are suggested to take Fe supplements or taking high content Fe meal everyday.
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Hanć, Tomasz, Anita Szwed, Agnieszka Słopień, Tomasz Wolańczyk, Monika Dmitrzak-Węglarz, and Joanna Ratajczak. "Perinatal Risk Factors and ADHD in Children and Adolescents: A Hierarchical Structure of Disorder Predictors." Journal of Attention Disorders 22, no. 9 (April 19, 2016): 855–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054716643389.
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Objective: The aim of the study was to hierarchically assess the predictive power of low and high birth weight, pre-term and post-term birth, and low Apgar score as the risk factors for ADHD. Method: The data of 132 boys diagnosed with ADHD and 146 boys from control group, aged 6 to 18 years, have been analyzed. The boys were categorized according to term of birth, birth weight, and Apgar score. CART method (Classification and Regression Trees) was used for assessment of the relationship between perinatal factors and the risk of ADHD. Results: Low Apgar score (21.97% vs. 13.01%) and post-term birth (12.12% vs. 0.68%) were more frequent in the sample than in the control group. CART method additionally indicated low birth weight as associated with the risk of ADHD. Among analyzed risk factors, Apgar score had the highest predictive value. Conclusion: The decreased Apgar score is the most important perinatal risk factor of ADHD. Research results also indicated a high significance of post-term birth in predicting the disorder.
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Leve, Leslie D., Amanda M. Griffin, Misaki N. Natsuaki, Gordon T. Harold, Jenae M. Neiderhiser, Jody M. Ganiban, Daniel S. Shaw, and David Reiss. "Longitudinal examination of pathways to peer problems in middle childhood: A siblings-reared-apart design." Development and Psychopathology 31, no. 5 (August 23, 2019): 1633–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419000890.
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AbstractTo advance research from Dishion and others on associations between parenting and peer problems across childhood, we used a sample of 177 sibling pairs reared apart since birth (because of adoption of one of the siblings) to examine associations between parental hostility and children's peer problems when children were ages 7 and 9.5 years (n = 329 children). We extended conventional cross-lagged parent–peer models by incorporating child inhibitory control as an additional predictor and examining genetic contributions via birth mother psychopathology. Path models indicated a cross-lagged association from parental hostility to later peer problems. When child inhibitory control was included, birth mother internalizing symptoms were associated with poorer child inhibitory control, which was associated with more parental hostility and peer problems. The cross-lagged paths from parental hostility to peer problems were no longer significant in the full model. Multigroup analyses revealed that the path from birth mother internalizing symptoms to child inhibitory control was significantly higher for birth parent–reared children, indicating the possible contribution of passive gene–environment correlation to this association. Exploratory analyses suggested that each child's unique rearing context contributed to his or her inhibitory control and peer behavior. Implications for the development of evidence-based interventions are discussed.
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Andriani, Rezah, and Selvy Apriani. "PENGARUH METODE GENTLE BIRTH TERHADAP TINGKAT NYERI DAN DURASI KALA I PERSALINAN PADA IBU PRIMIPARA." JOMIS (Journal of Midwifery Science) 5, no. 1 (January 29, 2021): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.36341/jomis.v5i1.1465.
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According to World Health Organization (WHO), it is estimated that one woman dies in every minute, 1,400 in every day, or 500,000 in every year from pregnancy- and delivery-related complications. A large number of delivery-related complications reported in SDKI in 2017 are long delivery (41%). Both long delivery and pain that distress the mother during a delivery process is the reason for delivery trauma and increases in delivery by sectio caesarea operation. Due to a phenomenon of increasing trends in caesarea operation and other unnecessary medical interventions, there reemerges an awareness to back to a natural delivery concept that considers the whole aspects of human body holistically (called gentle birth).”Gentle birth” is a serene, smooth, gentle delivery and utilizes all natural elements in human (body, mind, and soul). Currently, some alternative methods of delivery process with a gentle birth concept are developing, such as prental yoga and hypnobirthing relaxation.
The objective of the present research is to analyze the effect of gentle birth method on the pain level and phase-I duration of delivery in primipara mother. The research is a quasi-experimental research with a post test control group design. Sampling was performed by a consecutive sampling up to the number of sample the researcher wanted has been met according to an inclusion criterion.
The research result revealed that there was some significant average difference in the pain level and phase-I duration of delivery between the experimental and control groups. Expectantly, the research result contributes to midwifery science as an attempt to deliver a holistic delivery midwifery care (gentle birth) so as to relieve delivery-related pain and to shorten delivery duration.
KEYWORDS:
Gentle birth, prental yoga, hypnobirthing, delivery pain, delivery duration
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Vande Pol, Katherine D., Naomi Cooper, Andres Tolosa, Michael Ellis, Caleb M. Shull, Katie Brown, and Stephan Alencar. "6 Effect of method of drying piglets at birth on rectal temperature over the first 24 hours after birth." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_2 (July 2019): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz122.007.
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Abstract Piglets are born wet, and evaporation of that moisture decreases body temperature, increasing the mortality risk. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of 2 commercially-applicable piglet drying methods on rectal temperature over 24 h after birth. The study was carried out at a commercial sow facility using a CRD with 3 treatments: Control (piglets not dried); Desiccant (piglets dried at birth using a cellulose-based desiccant); Paper Towel (piglets dried at birth using paper towels). Piglets were weighed at birth and individually identified with a numbered ear tag. Rectal temperature was measured at 0, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 120, and 1440 min (24 h) after birth. Sows and litters were randomly allotted to treatments. Data were analyzed using a repeated measures model with PROC MIXED of SAS. Litter was the experimental unit and piglet was a subsample of the litter; the model included the fixed effects of treatment and repeated time, and the interaction. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of treatment on rectal temperature at birth, or at 10 min or 24 h after birth. The Desiccant and Paper Towel treatments had greater (P < 0.05) temperatures than the Control at all times of measurement from 20 to 120 min after birth. Piglets on the Desiccant treatment had greater (P < 0.05) temperatures than those on the Paper Towel treatment between 30 and 120 min after birth. In conclusion, drying piglets at birth with either a desiccant or paper towels increases rectal temperatures between 20 and 120 minutes after birth, with the greatest effect being for the desiccant. Further research is needed to compare other methods of increasing piglet temperature and to determine if drying of piglets impacts pre-weaning mortality. This research was funded by the National Pork Board.
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Asongu, Simplice A. "Long-term effects of population growth on aggregate investment dynamics." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 6, no. 3 (September 7, 2015): 225–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-12-2012-0083.
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Purpose – The generation is witnessing the greatest demographic transition and Africa is at the heart of it. There is mounting concern over corresponding rising unemployment and depleting per capita income. The purpose of this paper is to examine the issues from a long-run perspective by assessing the relationships between population growth and a plethora of investment dynamics: public, private, foreign and domestic investments. Design/methodology/approach – Vector autoregressive models in the perspectives of vector error correction and short-run Granger causality are used. Findings – In the long-run population growth will: first, decrease foreign and public investments in Ivory Coast; second, increase public and private investments in Swaziland; three, deplete public investment but augment domestic investment in Zambia; fourth diminish private investment and improve domestic investment in the Congo Republic and Sudan, respectively. Practical implications – Mainstream positive linkage of population growth to investment growth in the long-term should be treated with extreme caution. Policy orientation should not be blanket, but contingent on country-specific trends and tailored differently across countries. The findings stress the need for the creation of a conducive investment climate (and ease of doing business) for private and foreign investments. Family planning and birth control policies could also be considered in countries with little future investment avenues. Originality/value – The objective of this study is to provide policy makers with some insights on how future investment opportunities could help manage rising population growth and corresponding unemployment.
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Antonik, V. G., and A. V. Arguchintsev. "To the 75th Anniversary of the Birth of Professor V. A. Srochko." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Mathematics 34 (2020): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/1997-7670.2020.34.126.
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