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Journal articles on the topic 'Birth control – South Africa – KwaZulu-Natal'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Houle, Robert. "Mbiya Kuzwayo's Christianity: Revival, Reformation and the Surprising Viability of Mainline Churches in South Africa." Journal of Religion in Africa 38, no. 2 (2008): 141–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006608x289666.

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AbstractMuch of the credit for the vitality of Christianity in southern Africa has gone to the African Initiated Churches that date their birth to earlier 'Ethiopian' and 'Zionist' movements. Yet far from being compromised, as they are often portrayed, those African Christians remaining in the mission churches often played a critical role in the naturalization of the faith. In the churches of the American Zulu Mission, the largest mission body in colonial Natal, one of the most important moments in this process occurred at the end of the nineteenth century when participants in a revival, led i

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2

LeRoux, K., D. Stewart, KD Perrett, LH Nel, JA Kessels, and B. Abela-Ridder. "Rabies control in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 96, no. 5 (2018): 360–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/blt.17.194886.

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3

Little, Keith M., and Gerhardus J. van den Berg. "First rotationEucalyptus macarthuriicut stump control in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Southern African Forestry Journal 207, no. 1 (2006): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/10295920609505248.

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4

Duncan, Polly, Laura Howe, Zibonele Manakusa, and Sarah Purdy. "Determinants of blood pressure control in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." South African Family Practice 56, no. 6 (2014): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20786190.2014.975481.

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5

Ogunbanjo, Gboyega A. "South Africa and national TB control: Are we making progress?" South African Family Practice 59, no. 2 (2017): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/safp.v59i6.4786.

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South Africa accounts for the worst global tuberculosis epidemics fuelled by the spread of HIV infection. The tuberculosis (TB) incidence increased from 300 per 100,000 people in the early 1990s to more than 950 per 100,000 in 2012.1 In addition, the country remains one of the countries with the highest TB burden globally, with the World Health Organisation (WHO) statistics giving an estimated incidence of 454,000 cases of active TB in 2015.2 This means that about 0.8% of South Africa’s population of 54 million develop active TB disease annually. Of the 454 000 TB cases in South Africa in 2015

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6

Naidoo, S., K. Seevnarain, and D. L. Nordstrom. "Tuberculosis infection control in primary health clinics in eThekwini, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 16, no. 12 (2012): 1600–1604. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.12.0041.

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7

Mbeje, Noluthando P., Themba G. Ginindza, and Nkosana Jafta. "Establishing and Evaluating Cancer Surveillance System in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Cancer Informatics 20 (January 2021): 117693512110299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11769351211029967.

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Background: The increasing cancer burden remains a public health challenge. Quality and accurate population data is important to improve cancer control, screening, and treatment programmes for the sub-Saharan Africa region. Aim: The aim of this study was to establish hospital-based cancer surveillance system, thereby reporting the burden that cancer diagnosis and treatment place on 3 hospitals – an approach of health systems strengthening. Methods: A hospital-based cancer surveillance was established in 3 public health facilities that provide oncology services in KwaZulu-Natal. An active metho

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8

Radford, I. J., P. Muller, S. Fiffer, and P. W. Michael. "Genetic relationships between Australian fireweed and South African and Madagascan populations of Senecio madagascariensis Poir. and closely related Senecio species." Australian Systematic Botany 13, no. 3 (2000): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb98029.

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An isozyme and morphological study of Senecio madagascariensis Poir. and closely related species in Australia, South Africa and Madagascar was used to investigate the most likely region of origin for Australian plants known as fireweed. Collections of seed and voucher specimens were made in New South Wales, KwaZulu-Natal, East and West Cape Provinces and southern Madagascar and specimens classified according to recognised taxa or descriptive variants. Plants were characterised by using isozyme analyses and morphological observations of both voucher specimens and achenes. Australian fireweed po

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9

Hall, G., S. Woodborne та M. Pienaar. "Rainfall control of the δ13C ratios of Mimusops caffra from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa". Holocene 19, № 2 (2009): 251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683608100569.

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10

Saib, Muhammad Zubayr, Barnesh Lalloo Dhada, Colleen Aldous, and Helen Louise Malherbe. "Observed birth prevalence of congenital anomalies among live births at a regional facility in KwaZulu Natal Province, South Africa." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (2021): e0255456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255456.

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Congenital disorders (CDs), defined as abnormalities in structure or function present at birth, are an important contributor to the disease burden in developing countries. The size and extent of the problem in South Africa (SA) are unknown due to the lack of recent, reliable, observed data on CDs. To address this empirical data gap, this study aimed to measure the birth prevalence of congenital anomalies (a sub-set of CDs) and to describe the pattern of these anomalies at a regional hospital in KwaZulu Natal (KZN), SA. A retrospective, observational, descriptive review of congenital anomalies

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11

Smith, Shayla, Kerusha Govender, Pravi Moodley, Philip La Russa, Louise Kuhn, and Moherndran Archary. "Impact of Shifts to Birth Testing on Early Infant Diagnosis Program Outcomes in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 38, no. 7 (2019): e138-e142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/inf.0000000000002341.

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12

Rabie, E. C., and H. A. Tustin. "AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO NEMATODE CONTROL IN QUEEN PINEAPPLE IN NORTHERN KWAZULU-NATAL, SOUTH AFRICA." Acta Horticulturae, no. 666 (January 2005): 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2005.666.24.

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13

Ebhuoma, Osadolor, Michael Gebreslasie, and Lethumusa Magubane. "Modeling malaria control intervention effect in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa using intervention time series analysis." Journal of Infection and Public Health 10, no. 3 (2017): 334–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2017.02.011.

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14

Achar, P. N. "First Report of Downy Mildew Disease of Rose Caused by Peronospora sparsa in KwaZulu Natal, Southern Africa." Plant Disease 81, no. 6 (1997): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.6.695b.

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In October and November of 1996, typical downy mildew symptoms appeared on rose plants cultivated in many areas in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa. White mycelial mats were observed on the lower surface of young and mature leaves and on stems at the base of the plants and shoot apices. Leaves and stems developed purplish to black spots. Flowers and buds had downy mildew-like growth on peduncles, calyces, and petals. Plants were poorly developed and generally chlorotic, and several were stunted. The most severe symptoms included premature leaf drop followed by plant death. The fungus from leaf and

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15

Stott, Katharine Elizabeth, Tulio De Oliveira, and Richard John Lessells. "Combined antiretroviral and antituberculosis drug resistance following incarceration." Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine 14, no. 3 (2013): 135–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v14i3.67.

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We describe a case of HIV/tuberculosis (TB) co-infection from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, characterised by drug resistance in both pathogens. The development of drug resistance was linked temporally to two periods of incarceration. This highlights the urgent need for improved integration of HIV/TB control strategies within prison health systems and within the broader public health framework.

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16

Gordon, M., T. De Oliveira, K. Bishop, et al. "Molecular Characteristics of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C Viruses from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Implications for Vaccine and Antiretroviral Control Strategies." Journal of Virology 77, no. 4 (2003): 2587–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.4.2587-2599.2003.

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ABSTRACT The KwaZulu-Natal region of South Africa is experiencing an explosive outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype C infections. Understanding the genetic diversity of C viruses and the biological consequences of this diversity is important for the design of effective control strategies. We analyzed the protease gene, the first 935 nucleotides of reverse transcriptase, and the C2V5 envelope region of a representative set of 72 treatment-naïve patients from KwaZulu-Natal and correlated the results with amino acid signature and resistance patterns. Phylogenetic analy

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17

Nyide, Celani John, and Lawrence Mpela Lekhanya. "Environmental management accounting practices: major control issues." Corporate Ownership and Control 13, no. 3 (2016): 476–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i3c3p6.

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The use of environmental management accounting (EMA) remains debated in South Africa and the literature reveals that EMA is still at an infancy stage in the emerging economies, including South Africa. Currently, there is limited existing research on environmental management accounting practices available for use by the hotel sector in South Africa. The overall aim of this study was to investigate and describe the use of the environmental management accounting tools by the hotel sector in the 3-5 star categories in KwaZulu-Natal. The research was an exploratory study and qualitative in nature u

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18

Cliff, Geremy, and Sheldon F. J. Dudley. "Reducing the environmental impact of shark-control programs: a case study from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Marine and Freshwater Research 62, no. 6 (2011): 700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf10182.

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Large-scale shark-control programs at popular beaches in New South Wales and Queensland, Australia, and KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa, provide protection against shark attack. Although these programs have enhanced bathing safety, reducing the environmental impacts of decades of fishing for large sharks and the associated by-catch remains a challenge. Over the past three decades, there have been several interventions to reduce such impact in the KZN program. The first was the release of all live sharks, including those species known to be responsible for fatal shark attacks. Measures to red

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19

Mmusi-Phetoe, Rose Maureen Makapi, and Brian Barasa Masaba. "Developing a model for reducing maternal mortality in South Africa." Frontiers of Nursing 8, no. 3 (2021): 269–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fon-2021-0028.

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Abstract Objective High maternal mortality ratios (MMRs) remain a concern in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries like South Africa. Different models have been developed, tried, and tested worldwide, in the hope that they will reduce maternal mortality, but without much success. Methods A qualitative approach was used to conveniently select a sample of 10 women attending an antenatal clinic in a rural area, in one of the districts of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) Province. Data were collected by means of interviews with the women. Data were analyzed employing Burnard's content ana

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20

Sekwadi, P. G., K. G. Ravhuhali, A. Mosam, et al. "Waterborne outbreak of gastroenteritis on the KwaZulu-Natal Coast, South Africa, December 2016/January 2017." Epidemiology and Infection 146, no. 10 (2018): 1318–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095026881800122x.

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AbstractAn unexpected increase in gastroenteritis cases was reported by healthcare workers on the KwaZulu-Natal Coast, South Africa, January 2017 with >600 cases seen over a 3-week period. A case–control study was conducted to identify the source and risk factors associated with the outbreak so as to recommend control and prevention measures. Record review identified cases and controls and structured-telephonic interviews were conducted to obtain exposure history. Stool specimens were collected from 20 cases along with environmental samples and both screened for enteric pathogens. A total o

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21

Rautenbach, Christa. "Editorial." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 15, no. 4 (2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2012/v15i4a2515.

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This issue contains six diverse contributions on topics ranging from prostitution to rent control, unfair dismissals, civil liberties in Zimbabwe, prospecting rights and insolvency issues. The first article is from Sarah Pudifin (pupil advocate at the KwaZulu-Natal Bar) and Shannon Bosch (senior lecturer in law at the University KwaZulu-Natal), who examine countervailing South African public opinion on the subject of prostitution and identify the factors which might influence these attitudes. Sue-Mari Maass of the University of South Africa in the second article gives a comparative analysis of

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22

Dudley, S. F. J. "A comparison of the shark control programs of New South Wales and Queensland (Australia) and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa)." Ocean & Coastal Management 34, no. 1 (1997): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0964-5691(96)00061-0.

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23

Rampersad, K., S. Rangiah, and M. Kendon. "Compliance with local diabetic guidelines at a district hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." South African Family Practice 61, no. 2 (2019): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/safp.v61i2.4982.

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Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a major health-related problem in South Africa and throughout the world. The management goals of diabetes are first to maintain normal blood glucose levels and second to prevent the development of complications. Local guidelines developed by the Society for Endocrine Metabolism and Diabetes South Africa (SEMDSA) have shown that tight glycaemic control and appropriate monitoring can prevent or delay the development of diabetic complications. The demographic profile of patients with type 2 DM and the compliance of doctors to the guidelines were deter

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24

Christopher, A. J. "Regional Patterns in South Africa's Postapartheid Election in 1994." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 14, no. 1 (1996): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c140055.

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The first universal-franchise elections in South Africa, for the National Assembly and nine provincial councils, were conducted under a system of proportional representation in April 1994. The African National Congress won a substantial victory but failed to secure control of two key provinces: the Western Cape and KwaZulu—Natal. Ethnic voting patterns among the spatially concentrated Coloured and Zulu populations were at variance with the otherwise national-liberationary nature of the election. The South African experience of the significance of ethnic voting parallels that discerned in other

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25

Speizer, Ilene S., Khou Xiong, Mahua Mandal, Ndinda Makina-Zimalirana, Aiko Hattori, and Darryn Durno. "HIV-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors among Grade 10 Girls and Boys in Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal: Cross-Sectional Results." Open AIDS Journal 14, no. 1 (2020): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874613602014010075.

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Background: Young people in KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga South Africa are at high risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Therefore, awareness programs are needed to reach these young people and change their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Objective: The objective of this study is to use cross-sectional data from grade 10 female and male learners in randomly assigned intervention and control schools to examine their knowledge, attitudes, and sexual behaviors. Methods: Participants, who were in grade 10 in the 2018 school year and attending schools, were randomly assigned to

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Govender, Desiree, Saloshni Naidoo, and Myra Taylor. "Antenatal and Postpartum Depression: Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors among Adolescents’ in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Depression Research and Treatment 2020 (January 21, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5364521.

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Background. Maternal depression is a major public health concern as it affects both mothers and their children. Antenatal depression, which is often underdiagnosed, has been associated with preterm labour, low birth weight, and intrauterine growth restriction. Research has demonstrated that postpartum depression is associated with mother-infant bonding impairment, child abuse, child neglect, maternal substance abuse, and self-harm. Globally, the prevalence of depression in pregnant and postpartum adolescents varies. This paper reports on the findings of the prevalence of depression and its ass

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27

Ntshanga, S. P., and M. L. H. Mabaso. "A pilot study to assess workplace tuberculosis control activities in four districts in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Public Health 123, no. 9 (2009): 623–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2009.06.015.

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28

Little, KM. "Performance ofEucalyptus dunniias influenced by vegetation control when felled at nine years in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science 70, no. 3 (2008): 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/sf.2008.70.3.1.662.

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29

Barnes, Karen I., David N. Durrheim, Francesca Little, et al. "Effect of Artemether-Lumefantrine Policy and Improved Vector Control on Malaria Burden in KwaZulu–Natal, South Africa." PLoS Medicine 2, no. 11 (2005): e330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020330.

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Mkwanazi, M. V., S. Z. Ndlela, and M. Chimonyo. "Utilisation of indigenous knowledge to control ticks in goats: a case of KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa." Tropical Animal Health and Production 52, no. 3 (2019): 1375–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-019-02145-0.

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Van Zyl, R. L. "Prophylaxis - A key component in malaria control." South African Family Practice 60, no. 6 (2018): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/safp.v60i6.4934.

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With the summer holidays fast approaching, holidaymakers will be planning their trip across Africa and the globe. Patients need to be aware of the risks of mosquito bites and contracting malaria. Malaria is endemic in the Limpopo, Mpumalanga and Northern KwaZulu-Natal provinces, with several cases of travel or Odyssean malaria being reported around South Africa. Prophylaxis is key in reducing the risk of infection by malaria. The use of insect repellents, correct clothing, bed nets and environmental control, complemented with chemoprophylaxis will greatly reduce this risk. The current South Af

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Guillamet, Laia Jimena Vazquez, Anthony P. Moll, Alexa Kacin, Jabulile Madi, Ntombi Ndlovu, and Sheela Shenoi. "Perceptions of HIV Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among young pregnant women from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 4, suppl_1 (2017): S438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx163.1109.

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Abstract Background Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective for HIV prevention with good adherence. In high HIV prevalence settings, young women ages 18–24 are at high risk of HIV acquisition, particularly during pregnancy and the postpartum period, and would potentially benefit from PrEP. More information is needed to achieve successful implementation of PrEP in this population. Methods The study was performed in Tugela Ferry, one of the poorest subdistricts of South Africa. From June-August 2016,the study team interviewed 187 HIV negative pregnant women ages 18–24 anonymously at health

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Ncube, Mhlengi V., Innocent T. Mutero, and Moses J. Chimbari. "Unmet Needs to Treat Schistosomiasis in Children Under Five Years Old in uMkhanyakude District of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Global Journal of Health Science 12, no. 4 (2020): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v12n4p127.

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Preventive treatment for schistosomiasis control is a priority objective for the Department of Health (DoH) in South Africa. The uMkhanyakude district of KwaZulu-Natal is one of the districts in which schistosomiasis in a major public health concern. We mapped the unmet resource requirements for a schistosomiasis control mass drug administration (MDA) program targeting children aged five years old and below in the uMkhanyakude District. We interviewed 10 decision makers among the uMkhanyakude Health District staff in order to understand the resources that the district has and the resources tha

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Phali, Lerato, Maxwell Mudhara, Stuart Ferrer, and Godswill Makombe. "Determinants of Farmers’ Participation in the Management of Smallholder Irrigation Schemes in Kwazulu-Natal Province, South Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 12, no. 6(J) (2021): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v12i6(j).3121.

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Participatory Irrigation Management is an important concept in the management of water resources. It fosters collective responsibility and rule compliance, the lack of which creates a weak environment for sustainable water use. This study adopted Principal Components Analysis and Structural Equation Modelling to evaluate the determinants of farmer’s participation in the management of four smallholder irrigations schemes in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. The selected schemes, Ndumo, Makhathini Flats, Mooi River and Tugela Ferry, are representative of the general management and farmer act

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Shittu, Adebayo, Ulrich Nübel, Edet Udo, Johnson Lin, and Sedio Gaogakwe. "Characterization of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal province, Republic of South Africa." Journal of Medical Microbiology 58, no. 9 (2009): 1219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.011452-0.

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Epidemiological data based on phenotypic and molecular characterization of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in sub-Saharan Africa are limited. This investigation studied 61 MRSA isolates obtained from 13 health-care institutions in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) province, South Africa, from March 2001 to August 2003. More than 80 % of the isolates were resistant to at least four classes of antibiotics and six isolates were resistant to the aminoglycoside, macrolide-lincosamide and tetracycline groups of antibiotics, heavy metals and nucleic acid-binding compounds. PFGE of SmaI-digested g

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Turton, Mervyn, and Sudeshni Naidoo. "Oral health care experiences of people living with HIV in Kwazulu-Natal and Western Cape, South Africa." International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare 8, no. 2 (2015): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhrh-11-2013-0046.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the oral health experiences of people living with HIV/AIDS in the provinces of Kwazulu-Natal (KZN) and Western Cape (WC) in South Africa. Many studies have reported that people living with HIV have unmet needs for dental care and this study considered the various factors that affect the accessibility and utilisation of dental services as these factors are even more pertinent for the people living with HIV who have increased need for dental care. Design/methodology/approach – The participants were selected among HIV-positive people attending s

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Cele, Lindiwe P., Stephen Knight, Elize Webb, Khin Tint, and Thembelihle Dlungwane. "High level of initial default among smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in eThekwini health district, KwaZulu-Natal." Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases 31, no. 2 (2016): 41–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v31i2.88.

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In this study, initial tuberculosis (TB) default was measured in clinics in a district with a high incidence of TB. A retrospective review of TB case identification registers in 2007 found 4049 (9.0%) new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases from 44 987 suspects. There were 725 (17.9%) initial defaulters. Fifty-three percent of those traced had already died. TB is the leading cause of death in South Africa due to an infectious disease, and the high level of initial defaults in PTB is one of the “unresolved issues” in TB control programmes that needs to be addressed.

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Lamprecht, S. C., Y. T. Tewoldemedhin, W. J. Botha, and F. J. Calitz. "Fusarium graminearum Species Complex Associated with Maize Crowns and Roots in the KwaZulu-Natal Province of South Africa." Plant Disease 95, no. 9 (2011): 1153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-11-0083.

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Thirty-three isolates of the Fusarium graminearum species complex obtained from diseased maize (Zea mays) crowns and roots in the Winterton district, KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa were identified to species level. Their pathogenicity and virulence to maize ‘PHI 32D96B’ seedlings were determined under glasshouse conditions, with seedling survival and growth and crown and root rot as criteria. Phylogenetic analyses using the 3-O-acetyltransferase (Tri101) gene region sequences revealed the presence of F. boothii (2 isolates), F. graminearum sensu stricto (26 isolates), and F. meridional

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Bentley, Luke K., and Tim G. O’Connor. "Temperature control of the distributional range of five C3 grass species in the uKhahlamba-Drakensberg Park, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." African Journal of Range & Forage Science 35, no. 1 (2018): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2018.1459841.

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Mahabeer, Yesholata, Warren Lowman, Chetna N. Govind, Khine Swe-Swe-Han, and Koleka P. Mlisana. "First outbreak of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus in a haematology unit in Durban, South Africa." Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases 31, no. 1 (2016): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v31i1.100.

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Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) are increasingly important causes of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Although VRE is a significant cause of nosocomial sepsis in these countries, limited data is available on the role that this pathogen plays in South Africa. We describe the demographic, clinical and genotypic data of seven patients involved in the first outbreak of VRE in a haematology unit at a tertiary hospital in Durban and also report the isolation of VRE from six patients from other wards in this hospital and from hospitals outside Durban. The outbreak occurred from

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Day, Cheryl L., Photini Kiepiela, Alasdair J. Leslie, et al. "Proliferative Capacity of Epitope-Specific CD8 T-Cell Responses Is Inversely Related to Viral Load in Chronic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection." Journal of Virology 81, no. 1 (2006): 434–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01754-06.

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ABSTRACT The relationship between the function of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific CD8 T-cell responses and viral load has not been defined. In this study, we used a panel of major histocompatibility complex class I tetramers to examine responses to frequently targeted CD8 T-cell epitopes in a large cohort of antiretroviral-therapy-naïve HIV type 1 clade C virus-infected persons in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa. In terms of effector functions of proliferation, cytokine production, and degranulation, only proliferation showed a significant correlation with viral load. This robust inve

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Kabuyaya, Muhubiri, Moses J. Chimbari, Tawanda Manyangadze, and Samson Mukaratirwa. "Schistosomiasis risk factors based on the infection status among school-going children in the Ndumo area, uMkhanyakude district, South Africa." Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases 32, no. 2 (2017): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v32i2.56.

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Background:Schistosomiasis remains a public health burden in South Africa, particularly in KwaZulu-Natal. The study aimed to identify the risk factors for transmission of Schistosoma haematobium among school-going children in the Ndumo area of uMkhanyakude district, KwaZulu-Natal.Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 320 school-going children, aged 10–15 years, was conducted in 10 local primary schools in the Ndumo area, from May to June 2015. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire based on sociodemographic information, sanitation and water access, recreational, occupational

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Chopra, Mickey. "Risk factors for undernutrition of young children in a rural area of South Africa." Public Health Nutrition 6, no. 7 (2003): 645–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2003477.

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AbstractObjective:To identify the factors associated with childhood undernutrition.Design:Cross-sectional survey.Setting:Hlabisa health district in KwaZulu/Natal, South Africa.Subjects:Eight hundred and sixty-eight children aged 3–59 months.Methods:Questionnaire survey and anthropometric survey of 516 random house-holds with children in the health district. Multivariate analysis took into account the hierarchical relationships between the proposed risk factors. This conceptual model was built up during qualitative studies and with reference to international research in this area.Results:The me

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Baiyegunhi, Lloyd J. S., Sikhumbuzo E. Mashabane, and Nonjabulo C. Sambo. "Influence of Socio-Psychological Factors on Consumer Willingness to Pay (WTP) for Organic Food Products." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 10, no. 5(J) (2018): 208–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i5(j).2510.

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This study evaluates consumersâ€™ willingness to pay (WTP) a premium for organic vegetables and fruits in Pietermaritzburg metropolis, KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa, using data collected from 210 consumers approached during their food shopping. The standard economic approach to valuation was extended by including psychological factors. The results from the empirical model show that psychological factors (behavioural control, attitude and subjective norms) exerted more influence on consumersâ€™ WTP for organic products. In addition, socio-demographic factors such as gender, education, nu

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Dudley, S. F. J., R. C. Haestier, K. R. Cox, and M. Murray. "Shark control: experimental fishing with baited drumlines." Marine and Freshwater Research 49, no. 7 (1998): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf98026.

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Protective gill-nets (shark nets) have been successful in reducing the frequency of shark attacks on the coast of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa, since 1952. This is achieved primarily through a local reduction in numbers of large sharks. Yet the nets are non-selective in terms of shark species caught and take a by-catch of dolphins, sea turtles, batoids and teleosts. Baited lines, or drumlines, as used in the Queensland shark control programme, were tested as possible alternatives to gill-nets. They demonstrated greater species selectivity for sharks and also a reduced by-catch of non-shar

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Leonard, Llewellyn. "Mining Corporations, Democratic Meddling, and Environmental Justice in South Africa." Social Sciences 7, no. 12 (2018): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci7120259.

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During Apartheid, the mining industry operated without restraint and compromised the ecology, the health of mining workers, and local communities. The lines between the mining industry and government was often unclear with the former influencing government decisions to favour uncontrolled operations. Although new post-Apartheid regulations were designed to control negative mining impacts, the mining industry and the state still have a close relationship. Limited academic research has empirically examined how mining corporations influence democracy in South Africa. Through empirical investigati

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Kharsany, Ayesha B. M., Lyle R. McKinnon, Lara Lewis, et al. "Population prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in a high HIV burden district in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Implications for HIV epidemic control." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 98 (September 2020): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.046.

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Miya, Gugulethu, Mongikazi Nyalambisa, Opeoluwa Oyedeji, Mavuto Gondwe, and Adebola Oyedeji. "Chemical Profiling, Toxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Essential Oils from Three Grapefruit Cultivars from KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa." Molecules 26, no. 11 (2021): 3387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113387.

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The medicinal potential and volatile composition of different parts of three cultivars of grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) were evaluated for their toxicity and anti-inflammatory activities. Fresh leaf and fruit peel were separately isolated by hydrodistillation for 4 h. The essential oils were subjected to GC/GC-MS analysis for chemical profile. Toxicity of the essential oils in mice were evaluated using Lorke’s method, while an anti-inflammatory assay was performed in a rat model using egg albumin-induced oedema. The oils obtained were light yellow in colour, and odour varied from strong citrus

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Mvelase, Nomonde Ritta, Yusentha Balakrishna, Keeren Lutchminarain, and Koleka Mlisana. "Evolving rifampicin and isoniazid mono-resistance in a high multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis region: a retrospective data analysis." BMJ Open 9, no. 11 (2019): e031663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031663.

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ObjectivesSouth Africa ranks among the highest drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) burdened countries in the world. This study assessed the changes in resistance levels in culture confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in the highest burdened province of South Africa during a period where major changes in diagnostic algorithm were implemented.SettingThis study was conducted at the central academic laboratory of the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa.ParticipantsWe analysed data for all MTB cultures performed in the KwaZulu-Natal province between 2011 and 2014. The data were collected f

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Grimbeek, E. J., A. Viljoen, and S. Bentley. "First Occurrence of Panama Disease in Two Banana-Growing Areas of South Africa." Plant Disease 85, no. 11 (2001): 1211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.11.1211b.

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Fusarium wilt (Panama disease) of bananas is well established in two of the five banana production regions in South Africa: Kiepersol (near Hazyview) and southern KwaZulu-Natal. The disease is caused by a soilborne fungus, Fusarium oxysporumSchlechtend.: Fr. f. sp. cubense (E.F. Sm.) W.C. Snyd. & H.N. Hans., which is most commonly introduced into an area by infected plant material or in contaminated soil attached to vehicles, farm machinery, or footwear. In September 2000, banana plants were observed dying at an experimental site in a commercial Cavendish plantation in the Tzaneen area of

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