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Kolařík, Pavel, Jiří Rotrekl, and Karla Kolaříková. "Efficacy of biological formulations against Neoglocianus maculaalba and Dasineura papaveris in Papaver somniferum." Plant Protection Science 55, No. 2 (February 17, 2019): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/25/2018-pps.
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The effectiveness of selected insecticides against capsule weevils (Neoglocianus maculaalba) and capsule midges (Dasineura papaveris), which are the main pests of breadseed poppy, was verified in a small-plot field experiment in 2015–2017. The effect of foliar application was evaluated according to boreholes on capsule surfaces caused by the feeding of capsule weevil adults and larvae numbers in capsules collected approximately 4 weeks after application. Biological efficacy of the tested biological formulations Spintor (active ingredient spinosad 240 g/l) in dosage 0.4 l/ha and NeemAzal T/S (active ingredient azadirachtin A 10.6 g/l) in dosage 3 l/ha against N. maculaalba larvae in individual years of monitoring ranged from 46.4% to 77.7% and from 67.7% to 82.9%, respectively. The effect of the formulation Prev B2 (boron ethanolamine corresponding to 2.1% of water-soluble boron) in 0.3% dosage was in the range of 59.5–81.9%. Their efficacy did not differ significantly compared to the registered chemical standards Biscaya 240 OD (active ingredient thiacloprid 240 g/l) and Decis Mega (active ingredient deltamethrin 50 g/l). Therefore, these biological insecticides are potentially useful for the effective control of N. maculaalba and D. papaveris population densities and reduction of damage they cause to breadseed poppy.
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Kolařík, P., and J. Rotrekl. "Regulation of the abundance of clover seed weevils, Apion spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in a seed stand of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.)." Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research 45, no. 3 (December 20, 2013): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jear.2013.e19.
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The clover seed weevils, <em>Apion trifolii</em> and <em>Protapion apricans</em>, members of the genus Apion, are responsible for causing serious economic damage in clover. In 2010-2012, the effectiveness of some insecticides against clover seed weevils in the genus <em>Apion</em> were tested in red clover stands. The efficacy of different products was evaluated on the basis of analyses of specimens trapped in the herb layer of red clover using a sweep net and red clover heads sampled in individual plots. Over the course of these trials, the applications of the products tested resulted in a marked reduction in their numbers (particularly of adults and, to a lesser extent, also of larvae). The highest efficacy was observed with Biscaya 240 (A.I. thiacloprid) and Mospilan 20 SP (A.I. acetamiprid). Results obtained in this study corroborated the low efficacy of the insecticide Karate Zeon Technology 5 CS against seed weevils of the genus <em>Apion</em>.
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Nakamura, Shingo, Masayuki Ishihara, Yoko Sato, Tomohiro Takayama, Sumiyo Hiruma, Naoko Ando, Koichi Fukuda, Kaoru Murakami, and Hidetaka Yokoe. "Concentrated Bioshell Calcium Oxide (BiSCaO) Water Kills Pathogenic Microbes: Characterization and Activity." Molecules 25, no. 13 (June 30, 2020): 3001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25133001.
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Bioshell calcium oxide (BiSCaO) exhibits deodorizing properties and broad microbicidal activity. In this study, we examined possible utility of BiSCaO Water for that purpose. BiSCaO Water was prepared by adding 10 wt% BiSCaO to clean water and gently collecting the supernatant in a bottle. The same volume of clean water was gently poured onto the BiSCaO precipitate and the supernatant was gently collected in a bottle; this process was repeated fifty times. The produced BiSCaO Water contained nanoparticles (about 400–800 nm) composed of smaller nanoparticles (100–200 nm), and was colorless and transparent, with a pH > 12.7. In vitro assays demonstrated that BiSCaO Water eliminated more than 99.9% of influenza A (H1N1) and Feline calicivirus, Escherichia coli such as NBRC 3972 and O-157:H7, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus within 15 min. We compared BiSCaO Water with the other microbicidal reagents such as ethanol, BiSCaO, BiSCa(OH)2 suspensions, povidone iodine, NaClO, BiSCaO dispersion and colloidal dispersion with respect to deodorization activity and microbicidal efficacy. The results showed that BiSCaO Water was a potent reagent with excellent deodorization and disinfection activities against pathogenic bacteria and viruses (including both enveloped and nonenveloped viruses).
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Pingree, R. D. "Winter warming in the southern Bay of Biscay and Lagrangian eddy kinematics from a deep-drogued Argos buoy." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 74, no. 1 (February 1994): 107–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400035700.
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The winter of 1989/1990 was a year of marked warm water inflow along the Iberian, Spanish and French continental slopes and three anticyclonic eddies developed in the southern Bay of Biscay. Winter temperatures along the northern Spanish slope were examined in the belief that warm water inflow is related to the production of anticyclonic eddies in the southern Bay of Biscay. The annual cycle of temperature (at ~200 m depth) is most unusual in that the warmest temperatures occur in January, the coldest in the summer. Year-to-year variations are evident with the suggestion of a periodicity, though variable, of about five years.In April 1992, an opportunity presented itself for a late winter eddy survey in the south-eastern corner of the Bay of Biscay from RRS ‘Charles Darwin’. Two Argos buoys were deployed in what was thought to be, or would develop into, an anticyclonic eddy, and one of the buoys was caught in the eddy. This buoy was drogued at a depth of 320 m in a relatively well-mixed part of the water column thought to contain the eddy core. This buoy made ~60 clockwise orbits in the eddy and remained within 15 km of the eddy centre over the 200-d observation period. The normalized relative central vorticity of the eddy had a minimum value of -0·6 and the eddy rotation period experienced by the buoy ranged from 2·5 to 6·5 d. The decay scale for the eddy was estimated at 250 ±100 d. The mean variance of the east-west velocity component was significantly larger than the north-south value, and the buoy's orbit was significantly elliptical towards the end of the period of the observations.
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Browder, Joan A., Richard Alleman, Susan Markley, Peter Ortner, and Patrick A. Pitts. "Biscayne Bay conceptual ecological model." Wetlands 25, no. 4 (December 2005): 854–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2005)025[0854:bbcem]2.0.co;2.
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Poulard, Jean-Charles, and Fabian Blanchard. "The impact of climate change on the fish community structure of the eastern continental shelf of the Bay of Biscay." ICES Journal of Marine Science 62, no. 7 (January 1, 2005): 1436–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icesjms.2005.04.017.
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Abstract Many fish species are at the southern or northern limit of their distribution range in the Bay of Biscay, where large-scale hydroclimatic changes have occurred in recent decades. We attempt here to identify the impact of these changes on the fish community of the eastern continental shelf of the Bay of Biscay. Data collected during 14 autumn groundfish surveys in 1973 and from 1987 to 2002 are used. The study area is between latitudes 48°30′N and 43°30′N while the depth ranges from 15 to 200 m. Annual abundance indices (number of individuals per km2) of 56 fish taxa present on average in at least 5% of the tows are computed. Multivariate analysis is used to detect temporal trends in these species' abundance indices. Assuming that increased water temperature may favour subtropical species and hinder temperate ones, knowledge about the latitudinal distribution range is used to interpret time trends. Results show an increasing abundance trend with time for fish species having a wide distribution range in latitude (mainly subtropical ones), whereas the abundance of temperate and the least widely distributed species decreased steadily.
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Loc'h, François Le, and Christian Hily. "Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis of Nephrops norvegicus / Merluccius merluccius fishing grounds in the Bay of Biscay (Northeast Atlantic)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f04-242.
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The trophic structure of the benthic ecosystem of the Grande Vasière (Great Mud Bank), a heavily trawled area in the Bay of Biscay, is largely unknown. To better understand the biotic interactions between exploited species (mainly Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus, and European hake, Merluccius merluccius) and their competitors and prey, we applied a dual stable carbon (13C/12C) and nitrogen (15N/14N) isotope analysis to determine trophic levels and differences in the potential food sources of species in the benthic and demersal communities. Five main groups of species constitute the basis of the trophic structure. They are distributed in three main trophic levels: primary consumers; secondary consumers including N. norvegicus and juvenile M. merluccius; and top predators including adult M. merluccius (δ15N = 14.5). The large differences in δ13C values within the primary consumers attest to two different food components: a pelagic component composed of fresh sedimenting particulate organic matter, which mainly supplies supra- and epi-benthic suspension feeders, and zooplankton, and a benthic component, which mainly supplies deposit feeders. For the predators, the target species, and their competitors, diet changes during the life-span are reflected by differences in isotope values for the size classes.
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Saunders, Ryan A., François Royer, and Maurice W. Clarke. "Winter migration and diving behaviour of porbeagle shark, Lamna nasus, in the Northeast Atlantic." ICES Journal of Marine Science 68, no. 1 (September 29, 2010): 166–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq145.
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Abstract Saunders, R. A., Royer, F., and Clarke, M. W. 2011. Winter migration and diving behaviour of porbeagle shark, Lamna nasus, in the Northeast Atlantic. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 166–174. The porbeagle is one of the top marine predators in the North Atlantic. However, little is known about its biology, abundance, or spatial ecology there. Results are presented on the migration and behaviour of three porbeagles tagged with archival pop-up tags off Ireland between September 2008 and January 2009. One shark migrated >2400 km to the northwest of Morocco, residing around the Bay of Biscay for approximately 30 days. The other two remained more localized in off-shelf regions around the Celtic Sea/Bay of Biscay and off western Ireland. The sharks occupied a broad vertical depth range (0–700 m) and a relatively limited temperature range (∼9–17°C), with notable variations in diving behaviour between individual sharks. There were distinct day–night differences in depth distribution, each shark being positioned higher in the water column by night than by day. Night-time depth distribution also appeared to be driven by the lunar cycle during broad-scale migration through oceanic waters. Our results show that porbeagles occupy and traverse regions of high fishing activity where they are potentially vulnerable to population depletion. Such large-scale movement outside the ICES Area underlines the need for international coordination in their assessment and management.
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Otero, P., X. A. Padín, M. Ruiz-Villarreal, L. M. García-García, A. F. Ríos, and F. F. Pérez. "Net sea-air CO<sub>2</sub> flux uncertainties in the Bay of Biscay based on the choice of wind speed products and gas transfer parameterizations." Biogeosciences Discussions 9, no. 8 (August 1, 2012): 9993–10017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-9993-2012.
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Abstract. The estimation of sea-air CO2 fluxes are largely dependent on wind speed through the gas transfer velocity parameterization. In this paper, we quantify uncertainties in the estimation of the CO2 uptake in the Bay of Biscay resulting from using different sources of wind speed such as three different global reanalysis meteorological models (NCEP/NCAR 1, NCEP/DOE 2 and ERA-Interim), one regional high-resolution forecast model (HIRLAM-AEMet) and QuikSCAT winds, in combination with some of the most widely used gas transfer velocity parameterizations. Results show that net CO2 flux estimations during an entire seasonal cycle may differ up to 240% depending on the wind speed product and the gas exchange parameterization. The comparison of satellite and model derived winds with observations at buoys advises against the systematic overestimation of NCEP-2 and the underestimation of NCEP-1. In this region, QuikSCAT has the best performing, although ERA-Interim becomes the best choice in areas near the coastline or when the time resolution is the constraint.
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Altuna, Alvaro. "Bathymetric distribution patterns and biodiversity of benthic Medusozoa (Cnidaria) in the Bay of Biscay (north-eastern Atlantic)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 87, no. 3 (May 16, 2007): 681–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315407055920.
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Bathymetric distribution data were compiled on benthic Medusozoa (Cnidaria) of the Bay of Biscay and nearby seas. The area of study extended from 42°N to 48°30′N, and westwards to 10°W. The depth range of each species was traced in a review of the literature. The number of species in each of several depth zones is summarized here: intertidal, intertidal–30 m, 30–100 m, and thereafter at 100 m depth intervals throughout the entire column (0–5000 m). Some 200 species were included (six Scyphozoa, four Staurozoa, 190 Hydrozoa). Of these, 196 could be ascribed to the Coastal Realm (0–200 m) (118 exclusives; 60% of the fauna) and Deep Benthic Realm (200+m) (31 exclusives;16%), with 47 species inhabiting both (24%). Eighty-eight species (45%) were present intertidally. Biodiversity was highest above the summer thermocline (30 m) (133 species, 67%), and no species have been recorded from depths greater than 4706 m. Beyond the thermocline, biodiversity dropped with increasing depth. A significant change occurred in the 30–100 m interval (123 to 78 species; Distinctiveness=51%), although all intervals down to the 300 m isobath exhibited substantial changes. Most species in the Deep Benthic Realm thrive on the upper part of the slope (200–800 m; 50 species). Biodiversity appeared homogeneous across wide bathymetric ranges in deep bathyal and abyssal regions, perhaps due to unique vertical biocenological units. Thus, 15 species are known between 1400 and 2000 m, and four between 3100 and 4300 m. Fifty-four species were considered eurybathic (34%), with some showing impressive bathymetric ranges of over 4000 m, but most species were stenobathic (106, 66%).As with data on benthic medusozoans from South Africa, the north-western Atlantic, the Arctic, and the warm western Atlantic (Bermuda), bathymetric biodiversity was highest in the first 100 m, with a substantial drop below that in species numbers on the shelf and at the beginning of the bathyal. While numbers of species may vary widely from one geographical region to another, such variations are due to differences in biodiversity in the upper 100 m. Hydroid species richness in the deep bathyal and abyssal is similar and always low. Worldwide, benthic medusozoan biodiversity is highest at shallow depths, and these organisms normally seem to be minor components of deep benthos. Very likely, the graph of biodiversity at increasing depth is similar worldwide for the Hydrozoa.
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Jasim, A. K., and A. R. Brand. "Observations on the Reproduction of Modiolus Modiolus in Isle of Man Waters." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 69, no. 2 (May 1989): 373–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400029489.
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The horse-mussel Modiolus modiolus (L.) is a bivalve molluse inhabiting coastal marine environments down to about 200 m, where it may occur in very large communities (Wiborg, 1946; Tebble, 1966; Comely, 1978). It can also be found low in the intertidal zone where it lives in rock pools or in the hold-fasts of Laminaria (Wilson, 1977; Davenport & Kjørsvik, 1982). It is a boreal species. In the Atlantic it ranges from the White Sea to the Bay of Biscay, off Iceland, the Faroes and down the east coast of North America to North Carolina. In the Pacific it occurs from the Bering Sea to Japan and California (Wiborg, 1946). Comparatively little work has been done on Modiolus modiolus, probably because it is of little commercial importance and lives predominantly subtidally in relatively inaccessible environments.
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Vandromme, P., E. Nogueira, M. Huret, Á Lopez-Urrutia, G. González-Nuevo González, M. Sourisseau, and P. Petitgas. "Springtime zooplankton size structure over the continental shelf of the Bay of Biscay." Ocean Science 10, no. 5 (October 16, 2014): 821–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-10-821-2014.
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Abstract. Linking lower and higher trophic levels requires special focus on the essential role played by mid-trophic levels, i.e., the zooplankton. One of the most relevant pieces of information regarding zooplankton in terms of flux of energy lies in its size structure. In this study, an extensive data set of size measurements is presented, covering parts of the western European continental shelf and slope, from the Galician coast to the Ushant front, during the springs from 2005 to 2012. Zooplankton size spectra were estimated using measurements carried out in situ with the Laser Optical Plankton Counter (LOPC) and with an image analysis of WP2 net samples (200 μm mesh size) performed following the ZooScan methodology. The LOPC counts and sizes particles within 100–2000 μm of spherical equivalent diameter (ESD), whereas the WP2/ZooScan allows for counting, sizing and identification of zooplankton from ~ 400 μm ESD. The difference between the LOPC (all particles) and the WP2/ZooScan (zooplankton only) was assumed to provide the size distribution of non-living particles, whose descriptors were related to a set of explanatory variables (including physical, biological and geographic descriptors). A statistical correction based on these explanatory variables was further applied to the LOPC size distribution in order to remove the non-living particles part, and therefore estimate the size distribution of zooplankton. This extensive data set provides relevant information about the zooplankton size distribution variability, productivity and trophic transfer efficiency in the pelagic ecosystem of the Bay of Biscay at a regional and interannual scale.
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Fernández, Emilio, Florentina Álvarez, Ricardo Anadón, Susana Barquero, Antonio Bode, Ana García, Carlos García-Soto, et al. "The spatial distribution of plankton communities in a Slope Water anticyclonic Oceanic eDDY (SWODDY) in the southern Bay of Biscay." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 84, no. 3 (May 24, 2004): 501–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315404009518h.
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Slope Water anticyclonic Oceanic eDDIES (SWODDIES) are typical mesoscale features of open-ocean waters of the southern Bay of Biscay which usually develop in winter by shedding from the seasonal poleward current flowing along the northern Spanish slope. These eddies have been intensively studied from the physical perspective. However, their effect on the distribution of biological properties and on the functioning of the pelagic ecosystem has not been assessed so far. To this aim, a sea-truth, multidisciplinary and comprehensive study of a SWODDY was carried out in summer 1998. The eddy, radius of ≈50 km, was initially centred at 45·5°N 6·0°W, being characterized by a relatively homogeneous core of water in the centre of the eddy extending from 80 to about 200 dbar. In the central region of the core, temperature (12·55–12·75°C) and salinity (≈35·70) values were higher than outside the eddy. The optical properties of the eddy also differed from those of the surrounding waters. A distinct biological signature was found associated with the eddy. Depth-integrated chlorophyll-a concentrations were 25% higher at the eddy centre where upward doming of the seasonal pycnocline (up to 30 dbar) occurred. Enhanced phytoplankton biomass was related to a higher contribution of >10 μm cells, mainly represented by diatoms and chrysophyceans. Phytoplankton and mesozooplankton species composition in and outside the eddy differed significantly reflecting the coastal origin of the water parcel trapped by the eddy. The sharp modification of the planktonic community composition, biomass and associated size-structure caused by slope water oceanic eddies are likely to exert a significant effect upon the upper trophic levels of the pelagic ecosystem of the southern Bay of Biscay.
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Vandromme, P., E. Nogueira, M. Huret, Á. Lopez-Urrutia, G. González-Nuevo González, M. Sourisseau, and P. Petitgas. "Spring-time zooplankton size structure over the continental shelf of the Bay of Biscay." Ocean Science Discussions 10, no. 6 (November 29, 2013): 2207–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-2207-2013.
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Abstract. Linking lower to higher trophic levels requires a special focus on the pivotal role played by mid-trophic levels, i.e. the zooplankton. One of the most relevant information on zooplankton in term of fluxes of matter lies in its size structure. We present here an extensive dataset of size measurements covering part of the western European shelf and slope, from the Galician coast to the Ushant front, during springs from 2005 to 2012. Zooplankton size spectra were estimated using both measurements carried out in situ by the Laser-Optical Plankton Counter (LOPC, 816 records) and WP2 net (200 μm mesh size) samples scanned following the ZooScan methodology and image analysis (a total of 89 samples were analyzed). The LOPC counts and sizes all particles in the range 100 to 2000 μm of spherical equivalent diameter (ESD) whereas the WP2/ZooScan allows the counting, sizing and identification of zooplankton from ~400 μm ESD. The difference between the LOPC (all particles) and the WP2/ZooScan (zooplankton only) is assumed to provide the size distribution of non-living particles whose descriptors are further related to a set of explanatory variables (including physical, biological and geographic descriptors). A statistical correction based on these explanatory variables is then applied to LOPC measurements to removed the part due to non-living particles and estimate zooplankton size spectra. This extensive data set provides a new look at regional and inter-annual variability of the pelagic ecosystem of the Bay of Biscay.
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Warbrick, Colin, and Huw Llewellyn. "III. The Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf: Joint Submission by France, Ireland, Spain, and the United Kingdom." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 56, no. 3 (July 2007): 677–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/lei189.
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On 19 May 2006, France, Ireland, Spain and the United Kingdom deposited a joint submission with the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (the Commission) concerning the continental shelf extending beyond 200 nautical miles out into the Bay of Biscay and the Celtic Sea. The Commission was established under Annex II of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). This was the sixth submission received by the Commission, but the first such joint submission made by a group of coastal States.1 The Commission's task is to make recommendations on the outer limits of the continental shelf, not to delimit the boundaries of the continental shelf among the four coastal States. That will be done by the four States themselves through consultation and negotiation after the Commission has made its recommendations. The Commission began consideration of the joint submission at its 18th session which began on 21 August 2006 at the UN Headquarters in New York. The Sub-Commission that it appointed to examine the joint submission in detail has held a number of hearings with the four delegations—in August 2006, and January and March 2007. It is not expected to transmit its recommendations to the full Commission until the 20th session beginning in August 2007.
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Townsend, Josiah H., John Slapcinsky, Kenneth L. Krysko, Ellen M. Donlan, and Elizabeth A. Golden. "Predation of a Tree Snail Drymaeus multilineatus (Gastropoda: Bulimulidae) by Iguana iguana (Reptilia: Iguanidae) on Key Biscayne, Florida." Southeastern Naturalist 4, no. 2 (June 2005): 361–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1656/1528-7092(2005)004[0361:poatsd]2.0.co;2.
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Marques, Afonso. "A Note on the Diet Synaphobranchus Kaupi (Pisces: Synaphobranchidae) from the Porcupine Seabight, North-East Atlantic." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 78, no. 4 (November 1998): 1385–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002531540004460x.
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The diet of Synaphobranchus kaupi from the Porcupine Seabight is described. A sample of 110 eel stomachs containing food, were analysed and the general size–depth trend among eels with food in their stomachs. Larger individuals are found in deeper waters. Fish are the main prey for larger eels and crustaceans are preferred by smaller individuals.Synaphobranchus kaupi Johnson, 1862 is a slope dwelling eel, abundant in the north-east Atlantic Ocean from 230 to 2420 m deep on the continental slope (Haedrich & Merrett, 1988). It is the most abundant species on the slopes of the Porcupine Seabight, off south-west Ireland (Merrett et al, 1991; Priede et al., 1994) and was classified as a benthopelagic predator of the fourth level, predator of predators (Saldanha, 1991).The diet of S. kaupi has been described from the slope off the middle Atlantic coast of the USA (Sedberry & Musick, 1978), from the Portuguese slope and in the Bay of Biscay (Saldanha, 1991), from the west African slope (Merrett & Marshall, 1981; Merrett & Domanski, 1985) and from the Rockall Trough (Gordon & Mauchline, 1996).Our specimens were captured during a joint IOS/SAMS survey (Merret et al., 1991). From a total catch of 8792 S. kaupi, captured between 1979 and 1983 in the Porcupine Seabight, ranging from 470 to 2230 m deep, fish stomachs were removed aboard ship and 110 with food were kept in 5% formalin for further analysis.
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González-Irusta, J. M., A. Punzón, and A. Serrano. "Environmental and fisheries effects on Gracilechinus acutus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) distribution: is it a suitable bioindicator of trawling disturbance?" ICES Journal of Marine Science 69, no. 8 (July 12, 2012): 1457–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss102.
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AbstractGonzález-Irusta, J. M., Punzón, A., and Serrano, A. 2012. Environmental and fisheries effects on Gracilechinus acutus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) distribution: is it a suitable bioindicator of trawling disturbance? – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: . Habitat preferences of Gracilechinus acutus in the southern Bay of Biscay were studied using data from autumn bottom-trawl surveys. Wet weight and number of specimens of G. acutus were obtained and related to environmental variables (depth, sediment type, and organic matter percentage) at each haul and to trawl fishing effort. With this information and the otter trawl effort data, the environmental requirements and the impact of the trawl fishery on G. acutus populations were analysed. Although the species was present in all depth strata and all sediment types studied, it had clear habitat preferences, as greater abundances and mean weight values were found at depths ranging from 71 to 200 m and in bottom sediments dominated by coarse and medium sands. The effect of disturbance by trawling on this echinoid was significant and clearly negative. Seabeds exposed to higher trawling disturbance showed lower values of urchin abundance and smaller urchins than areas with lower disturbance. Results of the present study confirm the initial hypothesis of the suitability of using this urchin as a bioindicator of trawling impact but only in areas with appropriate environmental conditions, highlighting the importance of attaining a wider knowledge on the essential habitat of the species.
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Daniel, Pierre, Patrick Josse, Philippe Dandin, Vincent Gouriou, Michel Marchand, and Claudine Tiercelin. "Forecasting the Erika Oil Spills." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2001, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 649–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2001-1-649.
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ABSTRACT On December 12, 1999, the Erika tanker broke in two sections at about 30 miles from the Brittany coast in the Bay of Biscay, France. The two parts of the wreck sank a few hours after the break. Some 15,000 tons of heavy fuel were released into the marine environment. It is the most serious discharge that has occurred in France since 1980 (Tanio, 6,000 tons). The nature of the incident, the kind and quantity of oil spilled, and the prevailing weather conditions posed considerable response problems. The spilled oil drifted for 2 weeks before reaching the coast. Three different models were implemented by CEntre de Documentation de Recherche et d'Expérimentations sur les pollutions accidentelles des eaux (CEDRE) within a couple of hours of the Erika sinking. On December 14, it appeared that the forecast of the MOTHY model was closer to reality. The MOTHY model was developed by Météo-France (the French national weather service) to simulate the movement of pollutants in three dimensions. MOTHY is an integrated system that includes hydrodynamic coastal ocean modeling and real-time atmospheric forcing from a global model. Pollutants can be oil or floating objects. CEDRE contributes to the improvement and validation of the model using both experiments and interventions during actual pollution events. New developments, exercises, and training are jointly conducted. In the event of marine pollution, Météo-France sends meteorological forecasts and pollutant drift forecasts to CEDRE. This response system has been operational since February 1994. The MOTHY model was used routinely for several weeks after the ship broke up. The model predicted that the coastline was at risk and that the beaching of the main slick would occur after 2 weeks. Diffuse pollution reached the coastline 1 or 2 days before the main slicks, about 200 km west of the main beaching. Hindcast runs and backward integration of the model explained this unexpected arrival of oil. Some pollution was still arriving onshore several weeks after the initial release. This longer-term pollution came from the wrecks, but also of older pollution by the coastal detachment and deposit tides. Using the model in conjunction with remote sensing information allowed operators to develop and then execute a response strategy rather than react only to observed information.
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Sobradillo, B., G. Boyra, U. Martinez, P. Carrera, M. Peña, and X. Irigoien. "Target Strength and swimbladder morphology of Mueller’s pearlside (Maurolicus muelleri)." Scientific Reports 9, no. 1 (November 21, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-53819-6.
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AbstractIn the last few years, there has been increasing interest in the commercial exploitation of mesopelagic fish and a trawl-acoustic methodology has been recommended to make estimates of abundance of these resources. This study provides relevant information on the scattering properties of a key mesopelagic fish species in the Bay of Biscay, Mueller’s pearlside (Maurolicus muelleri), necessary to convert the acoustic density into numerical abundance. The target strength (TS) of pearlside was estimated for the first time at five frequencies commonly used in acoustic surveys. A high-density filter was applied to reduce the bias derived from overlapping echoes erroneously assigned to single targets. Its relationship with fish length (b20) was also determined (−65.9 ± 2, −69.2 ± 3, −69.2 ± 2, −69.5 ± 2.5 and −71.5 ± 2.5 dB at 18, 38, 70, 120 and 200 kHz, respectively). Biomass estimates of pearlside in the Bay of Biscay during the four years of study (2014–2017) are given using the 38 kHz frequency. Morphological measurements of the swimbladder were obtained from soft X-ray images and used in the backscattering simulation of a gas-filled ellipsoid. Pearlside is a physoclist species, which means that they can compensate the swimbadder volume against pressure changes. However, the best fit between the model and the experimental data showed that they lose that capacity during the trawling process, when the swimbladder volume is affected by Boyle’s law.
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Queiroz, Virgínia Karla Pinheiro de, and Diego Moura Soares. "Pesquisas odontológicas relacionadas com microcefalia: um estudo bibliométrico." ARCHIVES OF HEALTH INVESTIGATION 8, no. 11 (June 4, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.21270/archi.v8i11.4720.
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Introdução: A microcefalia é uma malformação congênita, em que o cérebro não se desenvolve de maneira adequada podendo ser efeito de uma série de fatores de diferentes origens, como substâncias químicas e agentes biológicos, como bactérias, vírus e radiação. Objetivo: realizar um levantamento bibliométrico dos estudos realizados no Brasil, por pesquisadores da área da odontologia, que tratam sobre utilizando os dados publicados nos anais da Reunião Anual da Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Odontológica (SBPqO). Metodologia: Uma busca ativa foi realizada em todos os resumos publicados nos anais da SBPqO dos ultimos dez anos (2009 a 2018), utilizando o termo de busca “microcefalia” e avaliou-se aspectos como distribuição geográfica, financiamento, tipo de instituição, objetivo dos estudo e correlação da microcefalia com o Zika vírus. Resultados: Um total de 26.514 resumos foram analisados, desde apenas 10 estavam relacionados com microcefalia, sendo o ano de 2018 o que apresentou um maior número de trabalhos (5 resumos). A maioria dos resumos tratavam de trabalhos associados com a sindrome congênita do Zika vírus (7 resumos). Conclusão: A região nordeste apresentou uma maior produção relacionada a microcefalia e a grande maioria dos estudos associou a doença com a síndrome congênita do zika vírus. Uma maior sensibilização por parte dos pesquisadores a cerca da importância do conhecimento do desenvolvimento e de métodos de melhoria na qualidade de vida dessas crianças deve ser incentivado.Descritores: Microcefalia; Odontologia; Pesquisa em Odontologia.ReferênciasNunes ML, Carlini CR, Marinowic D, Kalil Neto F, Fiori HH, Scotta MC et al. Microcephaly and Zika virus: a clinical and epidemiological analysis of the current outbreak in Brazil. J Pediatr. 2016;92(3):230-40.Brasil. Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Monitoramento integrado de alterações no crescimento e desenvolvimento relacionadas a infecção pelo vírus zika e outras etiologias infecciosas, até a semana Epidemiologica 18/2017. Bol Epidemiol. 2017;48: 1-9.Brunoni D, Blascovi-Assis SM, Osório AAC, Seabra AG, Amato CAH, Teixeira MCTV et al . Microcefalia e outras manifestações relacionadas ao vírus Zika: impacto nas crianças, nas famílias e nas equipes de saúde. Cien saude coletiva. 2016;21(10):3297-302.De Carvalho NS, De Carvalho BF, Fugaça CA, Dóris B, Biscaia ES. Zika virus infection during pregnancy and microcephaly occurrence: a review of literature and Brazilian data. Braz J Infect Dis. 2016;20(3):282-89.Siqueira RMP, Santos MTBR, Cabral GMP. Alterations in the primary teeth of children with microcephaly in Northeast Brazil: a comparative study. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2018; 28:523-32.Cavalcanti AFC, Aguiar YPC, de Oliveira Melo AS, de Freitas Leal JIB, Cavalcanti AL, Cavalcanti SDLB. Teething symptoms in children with congenital Zika syndrome: a 2-year follow-up. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2019;29(1):74-78.Cavalcanti AL, Melo TRNB, Barroso KMA, Souza FEC, Maia AMA, Silva ALO. Perfil da Pesquisa Científica em Odontologia Realizada no Brasil. Pesq Bras Odontoped Clin Integr. 2004;4(2):99-104.Schuler-Faccini L, Ribeiro EM, Feitosa IML, Horovitz DDG, Cavalcanti DP, Pessoa A et al. Possible association between Zika virus infection and microcephaly: Brazil, 2015. Morb Mort Weekly Rep (MMWR). 2016;65(3):59-62.Butler D. Zika virus: Brazil’s surge in small-headed babies questioned by report. Nature. 2016;530(7588):13-4.Dick GW, Kitchen SF, Haddow AJ, Zika virus I. Isolations and serological specificity. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1952;46(5):509-20.Bell TM, Field EJ, Narang HK. Zika virus infection of the central nervous system of mice. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch. 1971;35(2):183-93.Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). Lineamientos preliminares de vigilancia de microcefalia en recien nacidos em entornos con riesgo de circulacion de virus Zika. Washington, DC: Pan American Health Organization; 2016.Fenton TR, Kim JH. A systematic review and meta-analysis to revise the Fenton growth chart for preterm infants. BMC Pediatr.2013;13:59.Villar J, Cheikh Ismail L, Victora CG, Ohuma EO, Bertino E, Altman DG et al. International standards for newborn weight, length, and head circumference by gestational age and sex: the Newborn Cross-Sectional Study of the INTERGROWTH-21st Project. Lancet. 2014; 384(9946):857-68.Brasil. Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de Pernambuco. Secretaria Executiva de Vigilância em Saúde. Protocolo Clínico e Epidemiológico para investigação de casos de microcefalia no estado de Pernambuco. Versão N◦ 02. Pernambuco: Secretaria Estadual de Saúde; 2015.Maciel MMSA, Silva KBN, Melo JGA, Soares DM. Metodologia ativa aplicada ao ensino odontológico: um panorama nacional a partir de um estudo bibliométrico. Arch Health Invest. 2019;8(2):74-8.Morosini IAC, Otto WB, Carneiro VL, Oliveira LLRV, Oliveira DC, Ferreira FM. Profile of Brazilian scientific research in pediatric dentistry based on the 26th Annual Meeting of the SBPqO. Rev Odonto Cienc. 2012;27(2):132-36.Pontes KT, Silva EL, Macêdo Filho RA, Silva DR, Lima FJ. Estudo bibliométrico da produção científica em endodontia. Arch Health Invest. 2017;6(9):435-38.Carvalho IF, Alencar PNB, Carvalho de Andrade MD, Silva PGB, Carvalho EDF, Araújo LS et al. Clinical and x-ray oral evaluation in patients with congenital Zika Virus. J Appl Oral Sci. 2019; 27: e20180276.