Academic literature on the topic 'Bisphenol B'
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Journal articles on the topic "Bisphenol B"
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GRUMETTO, LUCIA, ORIELLA GENNARI, DOMENICO MONTESANO, et al. "Determination of Five Bisphenols in Commercial Milk Samples by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Fluorescence Detection." Journal of Food Protection 76, no. 9 (2013): 1590–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-054.
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The presence of five bisphenols, i.e., bisphenol F, bisphenol A, bisphenol B, bisphenol F diglycidyl ether, and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, was monitored in commercial milk packed in plastic bottles marketed in Italy. The new validated method includes a solid-phase extraction procedure followed by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. All positive results were confirmed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The limits of detection and quantification and the recovery percentages indicated that the method is suitable for detecting bisphenols in milk at concentrations far below the legal limits. Of 68 commercial milk samples analyzed, no bisphenol was found in 27 samples (39.7%), and 41 samples (60.3%) contained one or more bisphenols. The bisphenol most frequently found was bisphenol F (36 samples, 52.9%) followed by bisphenol A (20 samples, 29.4%) and bisphenol B (6 samples, 8.8%). Taking into consideration the limits of detection, no sample contained either bisphenol F diglycidyl ether or bisphenol A diglycidyl ether.
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Gálvez-Ontiveros, Yolanda, Inmaculada Moscoso-Ruiz, Lourdes Rodrigo, Margarita Aguilera, Ana Rivas, and Alberto Zafra-Gómez. "Presence of Parabens and Bisphenols in Food Commonly Consumed in Spain." Foods 10, no. 1 (2021): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10010092.
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Given the widespread use of bisphenols and parabens in consumer products, the assessment of their intake is crucial and represents the first step towards the assessment of the potential risks that these compounds may pose to human health. In the present study, a total of 98 samples of food items commonly consumed by the Spanish population were collected from different national supermarkets and grocery stores for the determination of parabens and bisphenols. Our analysis demonstrated that 56 of the 98 food samples contained detectable levels of parabens with limits of quantification (LOQ) between 0.4 and 0.9 ng g−1. The total concentration of parabens (sum of four parabens: ∑parabens) ranged from below the LOQ to 281.7 ng g−1, with a mean value of 73.86 ng g−1. A total of 52% of the samples showed detectable concentrations of bisphenols. Bisphenol A (BPA) was the most frequently detected bisphenol in the food samples analysed, followed by bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol E (BPE). Bisphenol AF (BPAF), bisphenol B (BPB) and bisphenol P (BPP) were not found in any of the analysed samples. LOQ for these bisphenols were between 0.4 and 4.0 ng g−1.
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Lucarini, Fiorella, Tropoja Krasniqi, Gaëlle Bailat Rosset, et al. "Exposure to New Emerging Bisphenols Among Young Children in Switzerland." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 13 (2020): 4793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134793.
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Restrictions on the use of bisphenol A (BPA) in consumer products led to its replacement by various bisphenol (BP) analogues, yet young children’s exposure to these analogues has been poorly characterized so far. This study aimed to characterize infants’ and toddlers’ exposure to BPA and 14 emerging BP analogues (i.e., bisphenol AF, bisphenol AP, bisphenol B, bisphenol BP, bisphenol C (BPC), bisphenol E, bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol G, bisphenol M (BPM), bisphenol P, bisphenol PH, bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol TMC, and bisphenol Z). We extracted infants’ and toddlers’ urine from diapers (n = 109) collected in Swiss daycare centers as a practical and noninvasive alternative approach to urinary biomonitoring. Bisphenols were present in 47% of the samples, with BPC and BPM being the most frequently detected (23% and 25% of all samples, respectively). The mean concentrations of urinary BPS and BPF were greater than that of BPA. This contrasts with data reported previously. Furthermore, statistical analysis revealed a significant and negative correlation between urinary BPM concentration and the population’s age. Our results provide a first characterization of infants’ and toddlers’ exposure to bisphenols in Switzerland. This knowledge can be used to support ongoing biomonitoring studies and to prioritize exposure reduction and prevention strategies.
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Knížatová, Nikola, Hana Greifová, Katarína Tokárová, Tomáš Jambor, Łukasz J. Binkowski, and Norbert Lukáč. "Assessment of the Effective Impact of Bisphenols on Mitochondrial Activity, Viability and Steroidogenesis in a Dose-Dependency in Human Adrenocortical Carcinoma Cells." Processes 9, no. 8 (2021): 1471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9081471.
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In recent years, bisphenol analogues such as bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol S (BPS) have come to replace bisphenol A (BPA) in food packaging and food containers, since BPA has been shown to leach into food and water, causing numerous negative health effects. Although much information on the endocrine activity of BPA is available, a proper human hazard assessment of analogues that are believed to have a less harmful toxicity profile is lacking. The aim of our in vitro study was to assess the potential effect of bisphenol B, F, and S on the biosynthesis of steroid hormones in human H295R adrenocortical carcinoma cells, using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, we evaluated mitochondrial activity using the MTT test and viability using triple assay. Adrenocortical carcinoma cells were cultivated for 24 h in the presence of bisphenol B, F, or S (0.1, 0.5, 1, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100 μM). We demonstrated that BPB, BPF, and BPS could affect progesterone and testosterone secretion, as well as affect cell mitochondrial, lysosomal, and metabolic activity, as well as plasma membrane integrity, but considerably more detailed and systematic research is required for a better understanding of risks associated with the effects of bisphenols on steroidogenesis.
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CAO, XU-LIANG, and SVETLANA POPOVIC. "Bisphenol A and Three Other Bisphenol Analogues in Canned Fish Products from the Canadian Market 2014." Journal of Food Protection 78, no. 7 (2015): 1402–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-055.
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A sensitive and selective gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for simultaneous analysis of bisphenol A (BPA) and three other bisphenols, bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol E (BPE), and bisphenol F (BPF). This method was used to analyze samples of 52 canned fish products to follow up a previous study conducted 5 years ago to investigate any changes in BPA levels since then and levels of other bisphenols due to possible changes in can coating formulations. BPB and BPE were not detected in any of the 52 canned fish products, and BPF was detected in only four products at low levels from 1.8 to 5.7 ng/g, indicating that BPA is likely still the dominant bisphenol used in current can coating formulations. BPA was detected in all 52 canned fish products, but at much lower levels compared with a previous study; levels ranged from 0.96 to 265 ng/g (average, 28 ng/g). The few products with high BPA levels (>100 ng/g) are exclusively from a new brand that has become available on the market only recently. Further analysis of canned fish products is planned in the future to capture any changes in BPA levels in these products and to update the exposure assessment of BPA due to consumption of canned fish products.
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Tuzimski, Tomasz, and Szymon Szubartowski. "Application of d-SPE before SPE and HPLC-FLD to Analyze Bisphenols in Human Breast Milk Samples." Molecules 26, no. 16 (2021): 4930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26164930.
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In this study, we propose a simple, cost-effective, and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) for the simultaneous determination of seven bisphenols (bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol E (BPE), bisphenol B (BPB), BADGE (bisphenol A diglycidyl ether), BADGE∙2H2O, BADGE∙H2O, BADGE∙2HCl) in human breast milk samples. The dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE) coupled with solid phase extraction (SPE) procedure performed well for the majority of the analytes with recoveries in the range 57–88% and relative standard deviations (RSD%) of less than 9.4%. During the d-SPE stage, no significant matrix effect was observed thanks to the application of different pairs of salts such as zirconium-dioxide-based sorbents (Z-Sep or Z-Sep +) and primary secondary amine (PSA) or QuEChERS Enhanced Matrix Removal-Lipid (EMR-Lipid) and PSA. The method limits of quantification (mLOQs) for all investigated analytes were set at satisfactory low values in the range 171.89–235.11 ng mL−1. Analyte concentrations were determined as the average value from human breast milk matrix samples. The results show that the d-SPE/SPE procedure, especially with the application of EMR-Lipid and PSA, could be used for further bisphenol analyses in human breast milk samples.
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Toor, Rabia Sajjad, Faiza Irshad, and Sania Asif. "Histoprotective effects of Curcumin on Bisphenol- A induced testicular toxicity in adult albino rats." Professional Medical Journal 26, no. 12 (2019): 2206–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2019.26.12.4051.
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Endocrine Disrupting chemicals including bisphenols have contaminated the environment significantly and is known to damage spermatogenesis via increase in oxidative stress. The anti-oxidant properties of naturally occurring substances like curcumin have been well established. Objectives: To evaluate the protective effects of curcumin against bisphenol-A induced testicular damage. Study Design: Experimental Study. Setting: Department of Anatomy, University of Health Sciences, Lahore. Period: From March 2015 to December 2015. Material & Methods: Thirty six rats were divided into four groups A, B, C and D of 9 animals each. Group A (control) was given 5ml/kg/day of corn oil orally for 10 days. Group B (Bisphenol-A) was given 100mg/kg/day of Bisphenol-A dissolved in corn oil orally for 10 days. Group C (recovery) was given 100mg/kg/day of BPA dissolved in corn oil orally for 10 days and left untreated for 10 days. Group D (Curcumin + BPA) was given 100mg/kg/day of BPA and 100mg/kg/day of Curcumin, dissolved in corn oil orally for 10 days. Rats of group A, B and D were sacrificed on day 11 and those of group C on day 21. After weighing the euthanized rats, testes were removed, processed and tissue sections were stained with H&E for Johnson scoring and with PAS stain for assessment of basement membrane integrity. Results: Bisphenol-A administration caused a significant decrease in weight of animals, a significantly low Johnson score of seminiferous tubules and high frequency of disrupted basement membranes of the tubules in Group B as compared to control. The weight gain of animals improved in the with-drawl group C while no self-recovery was observed in other parameters. Curcumin co-administration improved the body weight gain of animals, increased the Johnson scoring of tubules significantly and partially restored the basement membrane integrity in group D, comparable to the control group. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that co-administration of a potent antioxidant curcumin causes a significant antagonism of the histo-toxicity of testis produced by Bisphenol-A in albino rats.
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Tuzimski, Tomasz, Szymon Szubartowski, Renata Gadzała-Kopciuch, et al. "Comparison of DAD and FLD Detection for Identification of Selected Bisphenols in Human Breast Milk Samples and Their Quantitative Analysis by LC-MS/MS." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 103, no. 4 (2020): 1029–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoacint/qsaa027.
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Abstract Background Determination of bisphenols released from packaging material is undoubtedly a difficult and tricky task, requiring the chemical analyst to develop an individual approach to obtain reliable analytical information. Objective QuECHERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe)/dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) technique and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with modern detection techniques such as diode-array detector (DAD), fluorescence detector (FLD) or tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for the determination of bisphenols such as bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol B (BPB), 2-[[4-[2-[4-(Oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)phenyl]propan-2yl]phenoxy] methyl]oxirane (BADGE), 3-[4-[2-[4-(Oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)phenyl]propan-2-yl]phenoxy]propane-1,2-diol (BADGE*H2O), 3-[4-[2-[4-(2,3-Dihydroxypropoxy)phenyl]propan-2-yl]phenoxy]propane-1,2-diol (BADGE*2H2O), 1-Chloro-3-[4-[2-[4-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl] propan-2-yl]phenoxy]propan-2-ol (BADGE*2HCl) in human breast milk samples have been performed. Methods For the analysis of total analytes, prior to the extraction with acetonitrile, a deconjugation step was implemented in a tube by adding 1 mL of the enzymatic solution with the β-Glucuronidase to 5 mL of sample. The mix was homogenized and incubated for 17 h at 37°C. Ten milliliters of acetonitrile, and a QuEChERS salt packet with 4 g anhydrous MgSO4 and 1 g NaCl were added. During the d-SPE step the extract was transferred into tube with 30 mg Z-Sep and 50 mg PSA (and also 150 mg MgSO4 for LC-MS/MS analysis). MeOH–water (20:80, v/v) were added to the dry residue and the extract was reconstituted in 150 µL (25-fold analytes pre-concentration is achieved). Next bisphenols were identified by HPLC-DAD-FLD and quantified by LC-MS/MS equipment. Conclusions During the bisphenols HPLC-DAD-FLD analysis, from 6 min a reinforcement of 15 was used, which allowed analytes to be identified at 750 pg/mL. Application of LC-MS/MS allowed quantification of bisphenols in the range from 2.12 to 116.22 ng/mL in a total 27 human breast milk samples. Highlights First QuEChERS/d-SPE coupled with HPLC-DAD-FLD or LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of bisphenols and its analogues in breast milk Faster and cheaper alternative to traditional extraction methods The method was applied for the first biomonitoring of bisphenols and its analogues in breast milk.
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Cao, Lin-Ying, Xiao-Min Ren, Chuan-Hai Li, et al. "Bisphenol AF and Bisphenol B Exert Higher Estrogenic Effects than Bisphenol A via G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor Pathway." Environmental Science & Technology 51, no. 19 (2017): 11423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b03336.
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Dragone, Roberto, Gerardo Grasso, and Chiara Frazzoli. "Amperometric Cytosensor for Studying Mitochondrial Interferences Induced by Plasticizers Bisphenol B and Bisphenol A." Molecules 25, no. 21 (2020): 5185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25215185.
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The widespread presence of plasticizers Bisphenol B (BPB) and Bisphenol A (BPA) in food contact materials, medical equipment, and common household products is a toxicological risk factor for health due to internal exposure after environmental dietary exposure. This work describes the use of an amperometric cytosensor (i.e., a whole cell-based amperometric biosensoristic device) for studying mitochondrial interferences of BPA and BPB (5–100 µg/mL) in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae model following long-term (24 h) exposure (acute toxicity). Percentage interference (%ρ) on yeast aerobic mitochondrial catabolism was calculated after comparison of aerobic respiration of exposed and control S. cerevisiae cell suspensions. Results suggested the hypothesis of a dose-dependent co-action of two mechanisms, namely uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation and oxidative stress. These mechanisms respectively matched with opposite effects of hyperstimulation and inhibition of cellular respiration. While uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation and oxidative stress have been previously described as separate effects from in vitro BPA exposure using other biochemical endpoints and biological systems, effects of BPB on cellular aerobic respiration are here reported for the first time. Results highlighted a similar hyperstimulation effect after exposure to 5 µg/mL BPA and BPB. About a 2-fold higher cellular respiration inhibition potency was observed after exposures to 15, 30, and 100 µg/mL BPB compared to BPA. 2,4-Dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) was used as model uncoupling agent. A time-dependent mechanism of mitochondrial interference was also highlighted.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bisphenol B"
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Widelka, Malgorzata. "Neonatal Exposure To Bisphenol Analogues Disrupts Reproductive Organ Development Of Male Mice." OpenSIUC, 2016. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2079.
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Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the highest volume chemicals produced worldwide and, as a result, is universally found in environmental and human matrixes. Bisphenol A is a known endocrine disruptor that acts as an estrogen agonist and an androgen antagonist. Due to health concerns, BPA is being phased out and replaced by other bisphenol analogues structurally similar to BPA. To date, there have been little to no studies showing the effects of BP analogues on the reproductive organ development of male mice. Thus, this study aimed to compare the effects of BPA and selected analogues (including BPB, BPE, and BPS) on the reproductive organ development in male mice, and determine preliminary toxicity threshold levels, such as the lowest-observed-effect-dose (LOED) and no-observed-effect-dose (NOED). Exposure to BPA, BPB and BPE via subcutaneous injection at a dose of 10 μg/g body weight (bw)/day each significantly caused a decrease in anogenital distance and glans penis length in male mice. Testis weight was also significantly reduced by BPA and BPE. Although BPS did not cause an effect on the glans penis length, anogenital distance or testis weight, histology work indicated that the spines on the glans penis were at a different developmental stage than the control. A similar result was seen with BPA on the glans penis spines. The LOED and NOED of BPA affecting anogenital distance, penis length, or testis weight were determined to be 10 and 5 μg/g bw/day, respectively. These LOED and NOED values are preliminary for BPA, because only five dose levels are used. Further research is needed to estimate more accurate threshold levels for the studied endpoints for BPA as well as other bisphenol analogues. The results indicated that some bisphenol analogues (BPB and BPE) showed comparable effects to BPA on the reproductive organ development of male mice, including anogenital distance and penis length. This could be indicative of more severe reproductive issues later in life and raised a concern on the safety of using these analogues to replace BPA in consumer products. More research is needed to investigate the mechanisms of the observed effects on genetic or molecular levels, determine what the long-term adverse effects of bisphenol analogues are to the reproductive system of male mice, and determine whether similar effects will be seen at dose levels comparable to human exposure rates.
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Sassi, Sana Messaï. "Effets et mécanismes d'actions du bissphénol A et de la génistéine, deux perturbateurs endocriniens, au cours du développement embryonnaire du poisson zèbre." Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENSL0457.
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Au cours de ce travail, j’ai étudié les effets physiologiques et développementaux et le mécanisme d’action de deux perturbateurs endocriniens le BPA, un produit industriel, et la génistéine, un phytoestrogène, au cours du développement embryonnaire du poisson zèbre. Le BPA induit une malformation des vésicules otiques et la génistéine entraîne une apoptose dans le cerveau postérieur et la moelle épinière antérieure. L’étude in vitro a montré que ces deux composés se lient à ER, ER-A et B du poisson zèbre et modulent leur activité transcriptionelle. Des expériences in vivo ont montré que l’apoptose et le phénotype de la vésicule otique sont ER indépendant. Les expériences d’hybridation in situ in toto ont montré que la modulation de l’expression de l’aromatase B après traitement avec la génistéine est un phénomène œstrogène dépendant. Le cotraitement avec le BPA et un inhibiteur des NaKATPase m’a permis de conclure que l’effet induit par le BPA passe par les NaKATPase<br>During this work, I studied the physiological and developmental effects and mechanism of action of two endocrine disrupters BPA, an industrial product, and genistein, a phytoestrogen, during embryonic development of zebrafish. BPA induces a otic vesicle malformation and genistein leads to apoptosis in the hindbrain and the anterior spinal cord. The in vitro study has shown that these compouds bind to ERα and Erß-A and B of zebrafish and modulate their transcriptional activity. In vivo experiments have shown that apoptosis and the phenotype of the otic vesicle are ER independent. The experiments of in situ hybridization have shown that the expression of aromatase B after treatment with genistein is an estrogen dependent phenomenon. The cotreatment with BPA and ouabain (an inhibitor of NaKATPase) allowed me to conclude that the effect induced by the BPA goes through the NaKATPase pathway
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Huang, Yi-Fong, and 黃毅峰. "Innovative Fenton/(mono)persulfate Oxidation Processes for the Degradation of Reactive Black B and Bisphenol A." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58432092683067378712.
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博士<br>國立成功大學<br>化學工程學系碩博士班<br>97<br>This study mainly proposed two novel technologies for efficient Bisphenol A (BPA) decontaminantion, and investigated the behavior of dominant radicals and intermediates involved in these BPA degradation processes.
Firstly, we took advantage of the high oxidation–reduction potential of hydroxyl and sulfite radicals transformed from peroxymonosulfate (PMS) (stoichiometric ratio: [PMS]0/[BPA]0 = 2) as the oxidants to oxidize BPA to less complex intermediates. The expected radicals were used to mineralize those compounds very efficient (TOC removal ~40% at 1 h). Further, qualitative identification of both hydroxyl and (bi)sulfate radicals was performed to evaluate their dominance under different conditions.
Secondly, a two–stage oxidation (UV–Na2S2O8/H2O2–Fe(II,III)) process was applied to mineralize BPA at pHi (initial pH) = 7 based on the concept for improving the common drawbacks of Fenton’s family (i.e. Fenton, Fered–Fenton and Photo–Fenton processes). We take advantage of the high oxidation potential of sulfate radicals and use persulfate (stoichiometric ratio: [S2O82–]0/[BPA]0 = 1) as the 1st–stage oxidant to oxidize BPA to less complex intermediates. Afterwards, photo–Fenton process was used to mineralize those intermediates to CO2 (TOC removal was increased 40% to 91%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to utilize the two processes in conjunction for the complete degradation of BPA. This is also the first attempt to evidence that the dominant behavior of radicals in a (bi)sulfite process is very different from that in a persulfate process. Additionally, the utilization of extremely small amounts of activator and oxidant for the complete degradation of BPA was achieved.
Moreover, both the BPA degradation in these two proposed oxidation processes formulated a pseudo–first–order kinetic model well as suggested as literature review. Differently, the much lower activation energy (ΔE = 26 kJ mol–1) was further calculated in the UV–Na2S2O8/H2O2–Fe(II,III) process to clarify that the thermal–effect of an illuminated system differs from single heat–assisted systems described. Final TOC removal levels of BPA by the use of such two–stage oxidation processes were 25–34%, 25%, and 87–91% for additional Fe(II,III) activation, H2O2 promotion, and Fe(II,III)/H2O2 promotions, respectively. For the Co2+/PMS oxidative process, the BPA degradation is not obviously dependent on the PMS concentration, but is related to Co2+ dosage over a practicable range of 25–45 °C. Possible BPA side–chain oxidative metabolic pathways are suggested based on experimental results incorporating the evidence from EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) and analysis from GC–MS (gas chromatography–mass spectrometry).
Hence, the experimental results are believed to be useful for further study. Furthermore, the proposed procedures with low chemical dosages have great potential for lowering operational costs, and thus can be practically implemented with other AOPs as a pretreatment of industrial biological processes.
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Zhang, Zhi-Yu, and 張志宇. "Degradation of Rhodamine B and Bisphenol A using Potassium peroxymonosulfate activated by one-step prepared sulfur-doped carbon nitride as a non-metallic heterogeneous photocatalyst." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10473021732817643742.
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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>環境工程學系所<br>105<br>Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) mainly removes contaminants by free radical oxidation which is produced from oxidants. In this study, Potassium peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was used as the oxidant to produce sulfate radicals (SO4-•) which had stronger redox potential than hydroxyl radical (OH•). However, it shows slow response for PMS producing sulfate radicals. A transition metal catalyst to enhance activate degradation speed is needed. In order to reduce the cost and environmental impact of the metal catalyst, non-metallic catalysts will be seen as a future trend. In this work, one-step preperation for sulfur-doped carbon nitride (CNS) was used as a non-metallic and easily prepared catalyst to activate PMS to degrade target contaminants Rhodamine B (RhB) and Bisphenol A (BPA).
CNS was analyzed by FE-SEM, TEM, BET, XRD, XPS and other instruments.
Since the prepared CNS exhibits a higher surface area and catalytic activity than the undoped sulfur-based carbonitride (CN). Contaminants degradation by CNS activated PMS exhibits a much higher efficiency than CN activated PMS. Therefore we speculate that the synergistic effect of sulfur and nitrogen co-doping in CNS may lead CNS exhibit higher catalytic and photocatalytic properties.
From RhB and BPA degradation test, temperature, pH, co-existing ion simulation of the target contaminants may occur in the environment. It is more conducive for CNS catalyzed PMS to degrade contaminants in high temperature and neutral conditions. When high concentrated NaCl as co-existing ions was added into contaminated water, the effect of CNS catalyzed PMS degradation was not affected. The free radical scavenger test proved that sulfate radicals are the main free radicals in this experiment. Finally, five times CNS recyclability recveals almost the same result to CNS catalyzed PMS degradation batch experiment. These characteristics indicate that CNS is a convenient preparation and effective nonmetallic photocatalyst and is suitable for catalyzing PMS degradation of RhB and BPA.
Conference papers on the topic "Bisphenol B"
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Fadillah, Ganjar, and Faridatul Ariani. "A novel electrochemical synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles and its application as bisphenol-B sensor." In 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMISTRY, CHEMICAL PROCESS AND ENGINEERING (IC3PE). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0062211.
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Zhou, Yuanxin, and Shaik Jeelani. "Effect of Nanosized Filler on Matrix Dominated Properties of Fiber Reinforced Epoxy." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63143.
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In this study, a high-intensity ultrasonic liquid processor was used to obtain a homogeneous molecular mixture of epoxy resin and carbon nano fiber. The carbon nano fibers were infused into the part A of SC-15 (diglycidylether of Bisphenol A) through sonic cavitations and then mixed with part B of SC-15 (cycloaliphatic amine hardener) using a high-speed mechanical agitator. The trapped air and reaction volatiles were removed from the mixture using high vacuum. Nanophased epoxy with 2 wt.% CNF was then utilized in a vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) set up with carbon fabric to fabricate laminated composites. The effectiveness of CNF addition on matrix dominated properties of composites has been evaluated by compression, open hole compression and inter-laminar shear. The compression strength, open hole compression strength and ILS were improved by 21%, 23% and 15%, respectively as compared to the neat composite.
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Zhou, Yuanxin, Farhana Pervin, Jamese Hamilton, and Shaik Jeelani. "Improvement in Mechanical Properties of Clay Filled Carbon-Epoxy Composite." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13534.
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In the present investigation, a high intensity ultrasonic liquid processor was used to obtain a homogeneous molecular mixture of epoxy resin and K-10 MMT clay. The clay were infused into the part A of SC-15 (Diglycidylether of Bisphenol A) through sonic cavitations and then mixed with part B of SC-15 (cycloaliphatic amine hardener) using a high speed mechanical agitator. The trapped air and reaction volatiles were removed from the mixture using high vacuum. Flexural tests were performed on unfilled, 1wt. %, 2wt. %, 3 wt. % and 4 wt.% clay filled SC-15 epoxy to identify the loading effect on mechanical properties of the composites. The flexural test results indicate that 2.0 wt% loading of clay in epoxy resin showed the highest improvement in strength as compared to the neat systems. After that, the nanophased matrix with 2 wt.% clay is then utilized in a Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM) set up with satin weave carbon preforms to fabricate laminated composites. The resulting structural composites have been tested under flexural and tensile loads to evaluate mechanical properties. 13.5% improvement in flexural strength and 5.8% improvement in tensile strength were observed in carbon/epoxy nanocomposite. TGA and DMA tests were also conducted to observe the thermal stability of the structural composite.
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Pervin, Farhana, Yuanxin Zhou, Vijay Rangaree, and Shaikh Jelanee. "Evaluation of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nano Fiber Reinforced SC-15 Epoxy." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79552.
Full textAbstract:
In the present investigation we have developed a novel technique to fabricate nanocomposite materials containing SC-15 epoxy resin and carbon nano fiber (CNF). A high intensity ultrasonic liquid processor was used to obtain a homogeneous molecular mixture of epoxy resin and carbon nano fiber. The carbon nano fibers were infused into the part A of SC-15 (Diglycidylether of Bisphenol A) through sonic cavitations and then mixed with part B of SC-15 (cycloaliphatic amine hardener) using a high speed mechanical agitator. The trapped air and reaction volatiles were removed from the reaction mixture using high vacuum. TGA, DMA and 3-point bending tests were performed on unfilled, 1wt. %, 2wt. % and 4wt. % CNF filled SC-15 epoxy to identify the loading effect on thermal and mechanical properties of the composites. The flexural results indicate that both modulus and strength increased with increasing loading percentage of CNF. DMA studies also revealed that filling the carbon nano fiber into epoxy can improve storage modulus and Tg compared to neat system. However, TGA results show that thermal stability of composite insensitive to the fiber content. The fracture surfaces, dispersions and morphological changes of composites were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). These results indicate that the carbon nano fiber is about 200nm in the diameter and 20–100um in the length and are nearly uniformly dispersed over the entire volume of the resin.