Academic literature on the topic 'Biyi'

Biyi Bandele est un écrivain d'origine nigériane dont l'œuvre novatrice et très riche reste encore peu connue du milieu universitaire en France. Aucune étude de grande ampleur n'a encore été consacrée à sa production et le présent travail essaie de combler ce grand vide. Cette étude qui s'appuie principalement sur les quatre romans de l'auteur a pour objectif de montrer que Biyi Bandele est un romancier carnavalesque et que tout son effort consiste à s'interroger sur les conditions de vie de ses concitoyens nigérians, la nature du pouvoir politique et ses modes d'exercice et les raisons pour lesquelles la construction d'une vraie nation semble impossible au Nigeria tant d'années après l'indépendance. A travers ces diverses interrogations, Biyi Bandele peint surtout un pays dont l'état de déconfiture et d'anomie est tel qu'il semble inconcevable d'en rendre compte avec les moyens traditionnels du roman réaliste européen. Mais grâce à son exceptionnel talent de conteur, Biyi Bandele réussit à nous faire prendre conscience de cette réalité grâce à une langue riche, et un nouvel art de conter inspiré des traditions yoruba et d'autres éléments de la culture populaire nigériane<br>Biyi Bandele is a Nigerian writer whose innovative and very rich writings are still little known by academics in France. No large-scale study has been devoted to his writings yet, and this work tries to make up for this gap. This study which is mainly based on the four novels written by Biyi Bandele aims at showing that he is a Carnivalesque novelist and that all of his effort consists in raising questions about the living conditions of his fellow countrymen, the nature of political power and its functioning, and the reasons why nation-building seems impossible in Nigeria so many years after independence . Through these different questions, Biyi Bandele mainly portrays a country in shambles, in such a state of anomy that one can no longer rely on the means of the Europen realist novel to render its situation. But thanks to his exceptional talent as a storyteller, Biyi Bandele manages to make us become aware of this reality by inventing a rich language and a new way of telling story inspired by yoruba traditions and other elements of Nigerian popular culture

Esta dissertação consiste na aproximação entre as obras O menino de Burma (2009), do nigeriano Biyi Bandele, e A pornografia (1986), do polonês Witold Gombrowicz, com a intenção de analisar os personagens adolescentes trazidos por cada uma. Além destas, a obra Guerra dentro da Gente (1991) de Leminski iluminará uma aproximação entre O menino de Burma e A pornografia por oferecer tanto uma aproximação estética quanto um suporte teórico para as obras principais. As noções de infância/maturidade bem como de inocência/malícia permeiam o universo de ambas as narrativas, tendo como pano de fundo a Segunda Guerra Mundial, que, nas narrativas, é a responsável por alterações comportamentais nos personagens. Este conjunto oferece uma estetização ambígua da adolescência, onde, por vezes, percebe-se uma inocência atribuída à ingenuidade e, por outras, uma maldade que é fruto do contexto violento em que estão inseridos os personagens. No plano teórico, a Literatura Comparada fornece o suporte que possibilita um diálogo entre os textos literários e também uma abordagem das relações desses textos com a Literatura de Testemunho, Autobiografia, Romance de Formação e elementos de Historiografia literária e Psicanálise. Por fim, ao observarmos os enredos, e a vida de Bandele e Gombrowicz, percebe-se que muito do que foi escrito fez parte de um contexto vivido pelos próprios autores, e não apenas imaginada para fins de composição das obras. Ao utilizar essas diversas abordagens para dar conta de uma leitura possível de O menino de Burma e A pornografia, percebo que estas são obras não acomodáveis em um gênero ou vertente literária específicos, mas, dotadas de uma estética que movimenta a realidade, e se preocupa com ela.<br>This dissertation is a comparison between the books O menino de Burma (2009), by the Nigerian Biyi Bandele, and A pornografia (1986), by the Polish Witold Gombrowicz, and it intends to examine the teenage characters found in each one. Besides that, Guerra dentro da gente (1991) by Leminski will be considered a theoretical tool in order to elucidade a relation between these books. Furthermore, Guerra dentro da gente suggests an aesthetic relation between the books. Notions of childhood/maturity as well as innocence/evil pervade the universe of both narratives, having the Second World War as a backdrop, which produces changes in the characters. Considering these factors, readers are inclined to notice an ambiguous representation where, sometimes it is noticed innocence and other times, malice, influenced by the severe and violent context where the characters are living. The Comparative Literature theory provides support that enables a dialogue between literary texts and also an approach to the relationship among these texts and Testimony Literature, Autobiography, Bildungsroman and elements of Literary Historiography and Psychoanalysis. Finally, by examining History and Bandele and Gombrowicz’s life, one realizes that much of what was written was part of a context experienced by the authors themselves, and not just imagined aiming the composition of these stories. By using these different approaches, in order to guarantee a possible reading of these works, I realize that these works are fickle, not accommodate in a specific literary genre or aspect, and, endowed with an aesthetic that moves the reality around, and is worried about it.

El presente proyecto del curso de Desarrollo de Negocios 2 de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, consiste en la creación de un soporte de madera para bicicletas que serán elaboradas con tableros OSB que nos asegura una alta resistencia en los soportes. Cabe recalcar, que nos vamos a dirigir a Lima Metropolitana en los distritos de mayor población en el uso de bicicletas y que además cuentan con acceso de ciclovías, tales como Surco, La Molina, San Isidro, San Borja y Miraflores, asimismo nos dirigiremos a los sectores socioeconómicos A y B, con un rango de edad de los 18 hasta los 45 años. El proyecto es viable, puesto que según la entrevista a profundidad que se realizó, se identificó un gran porcentaje de personas que usan la bicicleta como medio de transporte; parte de ello, la investigación también indica que los usuarios tienen dificultades para guardar sus bicicletas ya que no cuentan con el espacio adecuado en sus hogares. Por un lado, para la puesta en marcha del proyecto se necesitará una inversión inicial de S/. 51,884 soles, que será financiado al 100% por los accionistas sin necesidad de ser financiado por entidades bancarias. A su vez, tenemos en cuenta que los meses Diciembre, Enero, Marzo y Julio tendremos ventas elevadas que demostrada que el negocio es rentable. Por otro lado, el área de marketing hará uso de la publicidad digital, para ello se empleará las herramientas web como Facebook, Google Adwords, Landing Page y Community Manager, que nos permita una mejor difusión del producto. La distribución será coordinada directamente con el cliente a través de las redes sociales; también es importante indicar que se contará con distribuidores externos tales como Maestro y Sodimac.<br>The present Project of the Business Development course 2 of the Peruvian University of Applied Sciences, consists in the creation of a wooden support for bicycles that will be made with OSB boards that ensures high resistance in the supports. It should be noted that we are going to head to Metropolitan Lima in the districts with the largest population in the use of bicycles and that also have access to bicycle paths, such as Surco, La Molina, San Isidro, San Borja and Miraflores, we will also go to socioeconomic sectors A and B, with an age range of 18 to 45 years. The project is viable, since according to the in-depth interview that was carried out, a large percentage of people who use the bicycle as a means of transportation was identified; Part of it, the research also indicates that users have difficulty storing their bikes as they do not have adequate space in their homes. On the one hand, for the start-up of the project an initial investment of S /. 51,884 soles, which will be financed 100% by shareholders without the need to be financed by banks. At the same time, we take into account that the months of December, January, March and July will have high sales, which has proven that the business is profitable. On the other hand, the marketing area will make use of digital advertising, for this we will use web tools such as Facebook, Google Adwords, Landing Page and Community Manager, which allows us to better disseminate the product. The distribution will be coordinated directly with the client through social networks; It is also important to indicate that there will be external distributors such as Maestro and Sodimac.<br>Trabajo de investigación

Cytochrome P450 BioI is isolated from the soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis. It is located in an operon that encodes genes involved in the synthesis of the vitamin biotin. From knock-out studies it was concluded that BioI catalyses an early step in the biosynthetic pathway, forming a precursor to the isolatable intermediate pimelic acid. This thesis covers the characterisation of this P450 and its various endogenous redox partners. The data presented here reports upon the bio-physical properties of the P450 including information on the redox potentials, how its environment affects its properties and the factors that govern substrate binding. To produce a catalytically active BioI redox system, two flavodoxins were cloned from B. subtilis and their over-expression and preparation is described. These flavodoxins have been characterised according to their redox and structural properties. The ability of the two flavodoxins to reconstitute the oxidase activity of BioI was examined by kinetic and spectroscopic techniques culminating in the analysis of the monooxygenation of various fatty acids. To complete the redox chain two NADPH-oxidoreductase candidates and a di-flavin reductase from B. subtilis were assessed and their ability to complement the P450 BioI-flavodoxin system examined.

La construcció de les tradicions biogràfiques dels poetes mítics grecs va començar a gestar-se des de les primeres manifestacions literàries gregues i es va prolongar durant segles. Al llarg d’aquest període, aquestes figures van ser adoptades amb finalitats diverses i van encaixar en els usos i les necessitats individuals o col·lectius d’autors literaris, grups de culte o interessos polítics. A més a més, la construcció biogràfica d’aquests poetes comparteix processos i mecanismes de caracterització similars als que van fer servir les tradicions dels poetes històrics i d’altres operadors culturals com els filòsofs. Així doncs, la tesi analitza els motius biogràfics principals que s’incorporaren a les figures dels poetes mítics, per blocs temàtics, i el procés com es generaren i s’aprofitaren els t pics i els motius biogràfics en els poetes considerats sovint iniciadors de la poesia grega. Les anàlisis d’aquesta recerca s’organitzen principalment al voltant de figures com Tàmiris, Orfeu, Museu, Eumolp, Epimènides, Linos, Olè, Filammó i Amfíon, entre d’altres, i s’estructuren seguint uns eixos temàtics com són els orígens (genealogia i pàtria), les relacions de magisteri i d’iniciació i altres motius típics de la biografia heroica (el viatge, els enfrontaments poètics i amb el poder, les invencions, la institució de cultes, la mort i la integració en la condició heroica). L’estudi dels motius biogràfics ha comportat la identificació d’una funció d’equivalència entre alguns d’aquests motius i s’hi ha detectat també una voluntat de jerarquització i competència, molt lligada al context cultual en què molts d’aquests poetes tenien presència. De manera similar, els biografemes han contribuït a assignar als poetes analitzats una funció instauradora per a la tradició literària i religiosa que els prenia com a referent, com a conseqüència de la relació constant i privilegiada amb la divinitat.<br>The development of the biographical traditions of the Greek mythical poets started with the first Greek literary works and it lasted for centuries. Throughout this period these figures were adapted for different uses and they suited literary, cultic or political interests either particularly or collectively. Furthermore, the shaping of the traditions of these poets, generally considered previous to Homer, has similarities with the historical poets, philosophers, sages and others. So, the thesis analyses the main sets of biographical formulaic themes and the process in which these formulaic motifs were elaborated and reshaped. The poets studied are Thamyris, Orpheus, Musaeus, Eumolpus, Linus, Epimenides, Olen, Philammon and Amphion among others, and the topics are their genealogy and origin, poetic initiation and other traditional topics of the heroic biography (teacher-pupil relationship, travel, song contests, quarrel with authorities, inventions, establishment of new cults, death, heroization). The study of these biographical traditions has led to identify the equivalence among some formulaic themes and the intention to set up a hierarchy, tied to cultic context where these poets were used. Similarly, the biographemes contributed to assign them an authoritative role for the literary and religious tradition which took them as a referent, thanks to the constant and privileged relationship with deities.

<p>Doktorska teza Pripovedni postupci u kratkim pričama En Biti za predmet istraživanja ima pripovedne postupke koje savremena američka spisateljica En Biti upo&scaron;ljava u svojoj kratkoj prozi &ndash; kratkim pričama koje je napisala u periodu od 1976. godine do danas i objavila u devet zbirki. Iz ovog velikog opusa, rad uzima korpus koji čine kratke priče iz zbirki Tamo gde me bude&scaron; na&scaron;ao (1986) i Ludosti (2005), novela &Scaron;etnje sa mu&scaron;karcima (2010), kao i sporadično odabrane kratke priče koje su izlazile u različitim književnim časopisima od sedamdesetih naovamo. U analizi korpusa su kori&scaron;ćeni metod pomnog čitanja i metod kulturolo&scaron;ke analize.<br />Istraživanje nastoji da pruži odgovore na pitanja kakve izbore pravi autorka kada je reč o pripovedaču, vremenu pripovedanja i de&scaron;avanja, prostoru radnje, fokalizaciji i građenju likova, kao i na to kako ovi izbori utiču na strukturu i značenje priče. U traganju za ovim odgovorima, kao teorijsko upori&scaron;te služe pripovedne teorije Simura Četmena, Mike Bal, Kete Hamburger, Žerara Ženeta i drugih teoretičara. Sastavni deo istraživanja čini i ispitivanje žanra kratke priče i njenih inherentnih svojstava koja omogućavaju upotrebu pripovednih postupaka kao &scaron;to su izostavljanje, jukstapozicija, nelinearnost i vizuelizacija. Budući da kratke priče En Biti pripadaju minimalističkoj prozi u kojoj je teži&scaron;te pažnje na trivijalnim događajima iz svakodnevnog života običnih ljudi, kompozicija i jezik pripovedanja ovih priča su jednostavni, siže sveden, a broj likova je mali i oni pripadaju unapred utvrđenim paradigmama svojstava. Paradoksalno, ovaj brižljivo odabrani minimum pokazuje se kao vrlo efikasno sredstvo za bavljenje temama kriza i konflikata i generisanje sugestivnosti. Kako bi pojasnio mesto minimalizma u savremenoj kritici, rad ukratko predstavlja osnovne odlike ranije proze minimalističkog predznaka, kakvu nalazimo kod Hemingveja i Karvera.<br />Na kraju, rad ističe značaj ženskih likova i likova homoseksualaca u građenju kratkih priča Bitijeve, budući da se ova proza prevashodno bavi ženskim iskustvom i ženskim senzibilitetom. Psiholo&scaron;ka i emotivna marginalnost a povremeno i nevidljivost ženskih, a zatim i homoseksualnih likova, predstavlja važan element ne samo karakterizacije, već i pripovedanja jer su upravo usled ove marginalizovanosti &bdquo;priče En Biti [&hellip;] satkane od te&scaron;ko čitljivih i nesigurnih signala koje njene junakinje &scaron;alju svetu&rdquo; (Gordić Petković 2010: 54).</p>

El presente artículo ofrece los principales resultados de un trabajo de investigación realizado en el 2014 con el objetivo de describir los procesos de comunicación que incentivan la participación ciudadana de los vecinos del distrito de San Borja en el programa San Borja en Bici . Esta iniciativa municipal constituye el primer programa de préstamo gratuito de bicicletas en el Perú. Se plantea un abordaje exploratorio que busca estudiar la participación ciudadana, a la vez que se profundiza en las prácticas comunicativas que se suscitan al interior del programa. A nivel discursivo, se parte de que los procesos de comunicación que pretenden incentivar la participación vecinal son establecidos con miras de posicionar a San Borja en Bici como una iniciativa para lograr una ciudad sostenible. Así, la bicicleta se concibe como un medio de transporte limpio en la que el vecino es parte del cambio de su ciudad. Sin embargo, fuera de la planificación y del éxito del programa, hay contrariedades en la comunicación que imposibilitan a los vecinos conocer exactamente la propuesta de San Borja en Bici. Por último, se considera al vecino como usuario del servicio y no como un agente del desarrollo sostenible.

Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:17:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1987-10-26T00:00:00Z<br>O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar os agentes e esclarecer seu papel no processo de transformação do Itaim Bibi na década de 70, num fenômeno desse tipo são possíveis abordagens as mais distintas enfatizando um aspecto desde a consideração antropológica da alteração do universo ideológico/cultural dos habitantes até o estudo comparativo dos padrões arquitetônicos antes e depois daquele processo.