Relevant bibliographies by topics / Black Death Plague Plague

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Black Death Plague Plague'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Black Death Plague Plague"

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Wood, James, and Sharon DeWitte-Aviña. "Was the Black Death yersinial plague?" Lancet Infectious Diseases 3, no. 6 (2003): 327–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00651-0.

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Raoult, Didier. "Was the Black Death yersinial plague?" Lancet Infectious Diseases 3, no. 6 (2003): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00652-2.

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Wood, James, and Sharon DeWitte-Aviña. "Was the Black Death yersinial plague?" Lancet Infectious Diseases 4, no. 8 (2004): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(04)01100-4.

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Callaway, Ewen. "Plague genome: The Black Death decoded." Nature 478, no. 7370 (2011): 444–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/478444a.

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Ziegler, Michelle. "The Black Death and the Future of the Plague." Medieval Globe 1, no. 1 (2015): 259–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17302/tmg.1-1.10.

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This essay summarizes what we know about the spread of Yersinia pestis today, assesses the potential risks of tomorrow, and suggests avenues for future collaboration among scientists and humanists. Plague is both a re-emerging infectious disease and a developed biological weapon, and it can be found in enzootic foci on every inhabited continent except Australia. Studies of the Black Death and successive epidemics can help us to prepare for and mitigate future outbreaks (and other pandemics) because analysis of medieval plagues provides a crucial context for modern scientific discoveries and theories. These studies prevent us from stopping at easy answers, and they force us to acknowledge that there is still much that we do not understand.
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Green, Monica H. "The Four Black Deaths." American Historical Review 125, no. 5 (2020): 1601–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/rhaa511.

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Abstract The Black Death, often called the largest pandemic in human history, is conventionally defined as the massive plague outbreak of 1346 to 1353 c.e. that struck the Black Sea and Mediterranean, extended into the Middle East, North Africa, and western Europe, and killed as much as half the total population of those regions. Yet genetic approaches to plague’s history have established that Yersinia pestis, the causative organism of plague, suddenly diverged in Central Asia at some point before the Black Death, splitting into four new branches—a divergence geneticists have called the “Big Bang.” Drawing on a “biological archive” of genetic evidence, I trace the bacterial descendants of the Big Bang proliferation, comparing that data to historical human activities in and around the area of plague’s emergence. The Mongols, whose empire emerged in 1206, unwittingly moved plague through Central Eurasia in the thirteenth, not the fourteenth, century. Grain shipments that the Mongols brought with them to several sieges, including the siege of Baghdad, were the most likely mechanism of transmission. The fourteenth century plague outbreaks represent local spillover events out of the new plague reservoirs seeded by the military campaigns of the thirteenth century.
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Singer, Rachel. "The Black Death in the Maghreb." Journal of Medieval Worlds 2, no. 3-4 (2020): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jmw.2020.2.3-4.115.

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The Black Death in the Maghreb is severely understudied. There is little scholarship on the Maghrebi experience of the second pandemic in general. That which exists bases its conclusions on Al-Andalusi and Middle Eastern sources and does not incorporate the paleoscientific data which has shed light on plague outbreaks for which there is less traditional evidence. As a result, little is known about the Maghrebi Black Death, and this ignorance is detrimental to our understanding of the Black Death in adjacent regions, especially Sub-Saharan Africa. This paper surveys the existing scholarship on plague in fourteenth-century North Africa and argues that the field both needs and deserves further attention. It then suggests directions for further study grounded in an interdisciplinary approach incorporating paleoscience, plague ecology, archaeology, and a reexamination of Maghrebi primary texts.
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Alfani, Guido, and Tommy E. Murphy. "Plague and Lethal Epidemics in the Pre-Industrial World." Journal of Economic History 77, no. 1 (2017): 314–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050717000092.

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This article provides an overview of recent literature on plagues and other lethal epidemics, covering the period from late Antiquity to ca. 1800. We analyze the main environmental and institutional factors that shaped both the way in which a plague originated and spread and its overall demographic and socioeconomic consequences. We clarify how the same pathogen shows historically different epidemiological characteristics, and how apparently similar epidemics could have deeply different consequences. We discuss current debates about the socioeconomic consequences of the Black Death and other plagues. We conclude with historical lessons to understand modern “plagues.”
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Daniszewski, Piotr. "Pestis (Yersinia pestis) - As Biological Weapons." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 9 (September 2013): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.9.84.

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Yersinia pestis (formerly Pasteurella pestis) is a type of bacterium. It is believed to have been responsible for plagues of the early 1300s. More accurately, it is a Gram-negative rod-shaped coccobacillus. It is a facultative anaerobe that can infect humans and other animals. Human Y. pestis infection takes three main forms: pneumonic, septicemic, and bubonic plagues. All three forms are widely believed to have been responsible for a number of high-mortality epidemics throughout human history, including the Justinianic Plague of the sixth century and the Black Death that accounted for the death of at least one-third of the European population between 1347 and 1353. It has now been shown conclusively that these plagues originated in rodent populations in China. More recently, Y. pestis has gained attention as a possible biological warfare agent and the CDC has classified it as a category A pathogen requiring preparation for a possible terrorist attack. Every year, thousands of cases of plague are still reported to the World Health Organization, although, with proper treatment, the prognosis for victims is now much better. A five- to six-fold increase in cases occurred in Asia during the time of the Vietnam war, possibly due to the disruption of ecosystems and closer proximity between people and animals. Plague also has a detrimental effect on non-human mammals. In the United States of America, animals such as the black-tailed prairie dog and the endangered black-footed ferret are under threat from the disease.
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Slack, P. "Plague: Black Death and Pestilence in Europe." English Historical Review 119, no. 483 (2004): 1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/119.483.1050.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Black Death Plague Plague"

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Ortega, Jessica. "Pestilence and prayer saints and the art of the plague in italy from 1370 - 1600." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/594.

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Stemming from a lack of scholarship on minor plague saints, this study focuses on the saints that were invoked against the plague but did not receive the honorary title of plague patron. Patron saints are believed to transcend geographic limitations and are charged as the sole reliever of a human aliment or worry. Modern scholarship focuses on St. Sebastian and St. Roch, the two universal plague saints, but neglects other important saints invoked during the late Medieval and early Renaissance periods. After analyzing the reasons why St. Sebastian and St. Roch became the primary plague saints I noticed that other "minor" saints fell directly in line with the particular plague associations of either Sebastian or Roch. I categorized these saints as "second-tier" saints. This categorization, however, did not cover all the saints that periodically reoccurred in plague-themed artwork, I grouped them into one more category: the "third-tier" plague saints. This tier encompasses the saints that were invoked against the plague but do not have a direct association to the arrow and healing patterns seen in Sts. Sebastian and Roch iconographies. This thesis is highly interdisciplinary; literature, art, and history accounts were all used to determine plague saint status and grouping, but art was my foundation. I examined important works of art directly associated with the plague and noted which saints appeared multiple times. The results from that assessment spurred further hagiographic and literary study. It was clear that these saints had multivarient connections to the plague. This study into the lives of the saints reaffirms their placement in the artistic and religious history of the pestilential epidemic of the Medieval and early Renaissance periods.<br>B.A.<br>Bachelors<br>Arts and Humanities<br>Art History
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May, Madeline Adele. "The Passion of the Plague: The Representation of Suffering and Salvation in Art and Literature." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1619453120236161.

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Zimmerman, Kira. "Killing Time: Historical Narrative and the Black Death in Western Europe." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1558195405847581.

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Rickel, Rachel D. "The Black Death and Giovanni Bocaccio's The Decameron's Portrayal of Merchant Mentality." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1467369515.

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Ruhaak, R. E. "The development of vulnerability and resiliency to the Plague : from the 'Big Bang' of Yersinia pestis, Black Death and the continued geographic expansion of the zoonotic outbreaks to the present." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2018. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3027596/.

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Muckart, Heather Diane. "The face of death : prints, personifications and the great plague of London." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/5103.

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This thesis examines a mass-produced broadsheet printed during the Great Plague of London (1664-1666), which unites the textual modes of poetry and medical prescription with imagery and statistical tabulation, titled Londons Lord Have Mercy Upon Us. The central woodcut on the broadsheet presents a view of London as a bounded expansion, and relegates the images of death, particularly registered in the personification of Death, to the outskirts of the city. This visual separation of the city from the plague sick (and the plague dead) is most profoundly registered on the border of the broadsheet, which is adorned with momento mori imagery. The ordered presentation of the plague city is likewise established in the mortality tabulations on the sheet. These tabulations, which were culled from the contemporaneous London Bills of Mortality, make visible the extent of the disease in the city, while simultaneously linking the plague to the poor London suburbs. Of particular interest are the representation of faces on the broadsheet – the face of the dead, the face of Death and the face of the city – and how these images relate to the plague orders imposed on the city population by the Corporation of London. These orders sought medically and legally to contain, and spatially to control, the larger social body of London through enacting a kind of erasure upon the identities of the sick and dead. These erasures registered themselves in material form as a kind of facelessness, a motif found on the figure of Death and in the skull-faces of the dead. This motif visually registers the various anxieties expressed towards the faces of the plague-sick by many contemporaries living in plague-London, an anxiety about those who visibly displayed the signs of their contagion and, more threatening still, about those who were asymptomatic. An increasing understanding of the plague as both visible and controllable in the early modern city of London was continuously being challenged by the conflicting belief that plague was a disease of invisible extension and manifestation. This variance is deeply registered in the ambiguous depiction of the plague-dead in the frame of the sheet.
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Thiagarajan, Bala. "Community dynamics of rodents, fleas and plague associated with black-tailed prairie dogs." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/246.

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Fritts, Rachel(Rachel A. ). "Plague on the Prairie : the fight to save black-footed ferrets from the West's most insidious disease." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/128984.

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Thesis: S.M. in Science Writing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Comparative Media Studies/Writing, 2020<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 15-17).<br>When a single remaining population of black-footed ferrets was discovered in Meeteetse, Wyoming in 1981, scientists had one last chance to save North America's only native ferret from extinction. Though the discovered population numbered over 100 individuals when it was found, ferrets began to die at an alarming rate just a few years after the rediscovery of the species. With their options running out, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service made the drastic choice of pulling every single surviving ferret into captivity. Thanks to decades of captive breeding and release efforts involving hundreds of people, there are now a few hundred black-footed ferrets back in the wild today. The black-footed ferret recovery effort has yet to overcome its greatest challenge, however: plague. Keeping ferrets alive in the wild is time consuming and cost intensive. Every wild ferret needs to be rounded up and vaccinated, and insecticides are sprayed over hundreds of thousands of acres each year to stave off the looming threat of a plague outbreak. To make matters worse, ferrets are becoming more inbred each year, making them even more susceptible to disease. Recently the black-footed ferret recovery effort has turned to cutting-edge genetic technologies to introduce more diversity into the ferret line, and, eventually, resistance to the plague. Some researchers think that such drastic measures might now be the only way for black-footed ferrets to ever have a hope of surviving on their own in the wild again.<br>by Rachel Fritts.<br>S.M. in Science Writing<br>S.M.inScienceWriting Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Comparative Media Studies/Writing
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Brinkerhoff, Robert Joris. "Mammal and flea occurrence in association with black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies: Implications for interspecific plague transmission." Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3303859.

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Dahlbeck, Emma. "Dödens stad : En studie rörande framställningen av människan inför döden i Albert Camus Pesten." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-413077.

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This essay explores how the fictional portrayals of man-before-death in Albert Camus’ The Plague can convey insights related to studies in world views. Its thesis argues that the relationship between the author, the text and the reader provides a dialogue where the author can transmit his or her ideas to the reader whom is given a possibility of interpreting the text in accordance with his or her context. The thesis was conducted by organising a close-reading of three scenes from The Plague by an allegorical type of interpretation (Quadriga) in order to create a dialogue between the novel and contemporary studies of world views and the works of Albert Camus. Altogether, this thesis contributes to show how The Plague’s depictions of death can be used as a world-view document as well as demonstrating how its reader can use it to cope with scenarios in modern society.
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Books on the topic "Black Death Plague Plague"

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Hardman, Lizabeth. Plague. Lucent Books, 2009.

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Plague: The black death. Gareth Stevens Pub., 2016.

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Plague! Crabtree Publishing Company, 2013.

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Plague sorcerer. Puffin, 2006.

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The bubonic plague. ABDO Pub. Co., 2011.

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The plague. RP Teens, 2009.

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The medieval plague. Capstone Press, 2010.

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John, Evans. John Davids and the plague. Dref Wen, 2003.

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The Black Death. ABDO Pub., 2010.

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The black death. ReferencePoint Press, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Black Death Plague Plague"

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Varlık, Nükhet. "Why Is Black Death Black? European Gothic Imaginaries of ‘Oriental’ Plague." In Plague Image and Imagination from Medieval to Modern Times. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72304-0_2.

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Cohn, Samuel K. ,. Jr. "Triumph over Plague: Culture and Memory after the Black Death." In Museums at the Crossroads. Brepols Publishers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.mac-eb.3.1812.

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Nightingale, Pamela. "English Financiers, a Gold Currency and Plague, 1340–1349." In Enterprise, Money and Credit in England before the Black Death 1285–1349. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90251-7_11.

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Visi, Tamás. "Plague, Persecution, and Philosophy: Avigdor Kara and the Consequences of the Black Death." In Intricate Interfaith Networks in the Middle Ages. Brepols Publishers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.hdl-eb.5.112699.

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Itin, Julia. "Fractured History: Jewish Sources and Narratives of the Plague and of the Black Death Persecutions." In Strategies, Dispositions and Resources of Social Resilience. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-29059-7_10.

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Findlay, Ronald, and Mats Lundahl. "Demographic Shocks and the Factor Proportions Model: From the Plague of Justinian to the Black Death." In The Economics of the Frontier. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-60237-4_5.

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Rue, George Michael La. "Treating Black Deaths in Egypt: Clot-Bey, African Slaves, and the Plague Epidemic of 183–4-1835." In Histories of Medicine and Healing in the Indian Ocean World. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137567581_2.

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Gottschall, D. "Conrad of Megenberg and the Causes of the Plague: A Latin Treatise on the Black Death Composed ca. 1350 for the Papal Court in Avignon." In La vie culturelle, intellectuelle et scientifique à la cour des Papes d’Avignon. Brepols Publishers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.tema-eb.3.2186.

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Slack, Paul. "3. Big impacts: the Black Death." In Plague. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199589548.003.0003.

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Horrox, Rosemary. "The impact of the plague." In The Black Death. Manchester University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.7765/9781526112712.00015.

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Conference papers on the topic "Black Death Plague Plague"

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Cooper, Paul D. "Role of octopamine in control of foregut contraction in the black field cricket (Teleogryllus commodus) and the Australian plague locust (Chortoicetes terminifera)." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.113814.

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Chacon, Rene, and Monika Ivantysynova. "An Investigation of the Impact of Micro Surface on the Cylinder Block/Valve Plate Interface Performance." In 8th FPNI Ph.D Symposium on Fluid Power. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpni2014-7837.

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Lubricating gaps are the primary source of energy dissipation in axial piston machines of swash plate-type. One of these lubricating gaps is designated as the cylinder block/valve plate interface, and is one of the most critical design elements for this type of positive displacement machine. In the past, extensive work has been done at Maha Fluid Power Research Center both to model this interface and to study the effects of micro-surface shaping on the valve plate. This paper presents a more in-depth investigation into optimizing valve plate micro-surface shaping (both by altering the number and amplitude of waves) in order to achieve a fluid film thickness that compromises between leakage and torque loss, minimizes power loss in the cylinder block/valve plate interface, and maximizes machine efficiency.
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Julias, Margaret, Helen M. Buettner, and David I. Shreiber. "The Geometry of Connective Tissue Planes Accentuates the Biophysical Response to Traditional Acupuncture: An In Vitro Study." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19350.

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In traditional acupuncture, fine needles are inserted and rotated at defined points that correspond to specific therapeutic effects, which can occur locally or at a distance from the needling point. The majority of acupuncture points co-align with fascial planes under the skin, which present more subcutaneous loose connective tissue [1] (Fig 1 – black dot). Needle rotation induces this connective tissue specifically to couple to and wind around the needle, forming a whorl of alignment and generating measurable force on the needle that is significantly higher at fascial planes in comparison to insertion above a muscle (Fig 1A – black dot) [2, 3]. At these planes, the loose connective tissue is bounded on two sides by skeletal muscle and generally becomes narrower with increasing depth, presenting distinct geometry and boundary conditions compared to locations above a muscle, which resembles an infinite plane (Fig 1B&amp;C).
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Salazar, Julio Alberto Boix, Dirk F. de Lange, and Hugo I. Medellín Castillo. "Elastoplastic Analysis of the Erichsen Cupping Test Using Comsol Multiphysics FEM Code." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-39018.

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One of the standard procedures to test the formability of sheet material is the Erichsen cupping test, in which the metal sheet blank is held in its place over a circular space and depressed by a semi-spherical punch. The depth of depression that can be reached is the measure of the formability. In this work the elastoplastic deformation of the sheet is analyzed by multipurpose Finite Element Method software Comsol Multiphysics. The Comsol package is not specifically developed or focused on the analysis of solid mechanical problems with elastoplastic model behavior and contact problems, and still limited literature is available in which sheet forming processes are analyzed with Comsol. In this work, the development and testing of a simulation model in Comsol is reported and comparison is made with results reported with other FEM software. The development and testing is realized in successive steps of increasing complexity. First a uniaxial stretching is simulated in order to evaluate the implementation of the elastoplastic material behavior. Next, the bending of a plate over a straight line is analyzed, adding the contact boundary condition between tool and sheet surface into the model. Finally, the axisymmetric model of the Erichsen cupping test is implemented. It is found that the default Von Mises yield function results in incorrect stresses, and needs to be replaced by a yield function in which the Von Mises stress is calculated based on the Cauchy tensor. The non-linear contact condition is a source of oscillations in the local stresses near the zone where contact is established. The simulation results obtained with the final model are compared with punch forces, stresses and strains obtained in literature, showing an adequate comparison.
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Parida, F. C., S. K. Das, A. K. Sharma, et al. "Sodium Exposure Tests on Limestone Concrete Used as Sacrificial Protection Layer in FBR." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89593.

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Hot sodium coming in contact with structural concrete in case of sodium leak in FBR system cause damage as a result of thermo-chemical attack by burning sodium. In addition, release of free and bound water from concrete leads to generation of hydrogen gas, which is explosive in nature. Hence limestone concrete, as sacrificial layer on the structural concrete in FBR, needs to be qualified. Four concrete blocks of dimension 600mm × 600mm × 300mm with 300mm × 300mm × 150mm cavity were cast and subjected to controlled sodium exposure tests. They have composition of ordinary portland cement, water, fine and coarse aggregate of limestone in the ratio of 1 : 0.58 : 2.547 : 3.817. These blocks were subjected to preliminary inspection by ultrasonic pulse velocity technique and rebound hammer tests. Each block was exposed for 30 minutes to about 12 kg of liquid sodium (∼ 120 mm liquid column) at 550° C in open air, after which sodium was sucked back from the cavity of the concrete block into a sodium tank. On-line temperature monitoring was carried out at strategic locations of sodium pool and concrete block. After removing sodium from the cavity and cleaning the surfaces, rebound hammer testing was carried out on each concrete block at the same locations where data were taken earlier at pre-exposed stage. The statistical analysis of rebound hammer data revealed that one of the concrete block alone has undergone damage to the extent of 16%. The loss of mass occurred for all the four blocks varied from 0.6 to 2.4% due to release of water during the test duration. Chemical analysis of sodium in concrete samples collected from cavity floor of each block helped in generation of depth profiles of sodium monoxide concentration for each block. From this it is concluded that a bulk penetration of sodium up to 30 mm depth has taken place. However it was also observed that at few local spots, sodium penetrated into concrete up to 50 mm. Cylindrical core samples of 50 mm × 150 mm long were obtained from the exposed cavity and tested for compressive strength and longitudinal ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV). These are compared with core samples obtained from concrete cubes used as standard reference. The average reduction in UPV and compressive strength were 7% and 29% respectively indicating marginal degradation in mechanical properties of sodium-exposed concrete.
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Tan, Lai Wai, and Vincent H. Chu. "Waves Run-Up and Overtopping Simulations Using Lagrangian Blocks." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79395.

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Wave run-up and overtopping of coastal structures are simulated using Lagrangian Blocks on Eulerian Mesh (LBEM). In the LBEM simulations, the blocks carry the mass and momentum. The movement of the blocks is calculated in a Lagrangian reference frame. The water depth defined by the volume blocks is non-negative. The wave fronts across the wet-and-dry interface are simulated by the block method without interruption by the oscillation problem that has limited the applicability of many existing computational methods. To evaluate the accuracy of the LBEM method in this paper, simulations are carried out for (i) the dam-break waves, (ii) the wave run-up on plane beach, and (iii) the overtopping of solitary waves over levee. The simulations of the dam-break wave have produced excellent agreement with the exact solutions by Ritter [1] and Stoker [2], and the semi-analytical solution by Sakkas and Strelkoff [3,4]. The simulations of the wave run-up on plane beach agree with the experimental data and the nonlinear theory of Synolakis [5]. The simulations of wave overtopping trapezoidal dike agree with the finite-volume simulations of Stansby [6]. The results have demonstrated the accuracy of the LBEM method and the versatility of the method for general wave simulations over variable terrain.
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Persent, Emmanuel, Daniel Averbuch, and Jean Guesnon. "An Improved Methodology for the Design of Marine Drilling Riser Couplings." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20965.

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The current trend in offshore drilling is a significant increase in water depth in the specification of drilling risers, associated with high density muds. This situation presents a real challenge for the design of the drilling riser which depends to a large extent on these parameters, as well as other related to operational and environmental conditions. In particular, improved design methodologies are required to better assess the margins of riser couplings regarding their static performance and fatigue life. As recommended by API Spec 16R, the stress linearization and classification in one of the key steps to design a riser connector. The designers are encountering some difficulties in the application of this methodology to 3D finite element results. IFP has then proposed a simple approach that applies to non-axisymmetric geometries of connectors. It consists in calculating the membrane and bending stresses in a given plane by averaging over a suitable portion of a cross-section the results of the linearization in the stress classification lines (SCLs) located in the selected plane. A short presentation of a breech-block type riser connector, on which the methodology has been applied, is given at the beginning of this paper. The API specification 16R requirements regarding the design criteria are then discussed. A simple approach to extend the stress linearization and classification methods to three-dimensional FEA is proposed. The proposed methodology is applied to the design of the Clip connector. At last, the R&amp;D work aiming at improving the fatigue analysis of riser connectors is introduced at the end of the paper.
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8

Ito, Hiroyuki, Yuto Sakai, Tamio Ida, Yuji Nakamura, and Osamu Fujita. "Combustion of Bio-Coke (Highly Densified Biomass Fuel) Block in High-Temperature Air Flow." In ASME/JSME 2011 8th Thermal Engineering Joint Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajtec2011-44145.

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Bio-coke (BIC, highly densified biomass briquette), a newly developed biomass fuel as an alternative to coal coke which utilized in blast furnace, is employed in this study. This fuel is manufactured in highly compressed and moderate temperature conditions and has advantages in its versatility of biomass resources, high volumetric calorific value and high mechanical strength. Japanese knotweed is chosen as a biomass resource and is shaped into cylinder (48 mm in diameter and 85 mm in length). One of the most important characteristics of BIC is its high apparent density (1300 kg/m3; twice or more than that of an ordinary wood pellet). In the present study, combustion characteristics of a single BIC fuel in high temperature air flow (473–873 K, 550–750 NL/min.) are investigated. Air is preheated and blown to the bottom surface of the BIC. Ignition and subsequent combustion behavior are observed with monitoring gas temperature near the BIC, surface and inside the BIC temperature, and time dependent mass loss of the BIC is measured. In the case with low air temperature, low heat flux from the fuel surface leads to the broad temperature distribution inside the BIC accompanied by the increase in ignition delay time and, then, once ignition takes place degradation rate becomes larger than the case with high temperature air. On the other hand, mass loss rate for the case of solid surface combustion in the high temperature air does not depend on the air temperature but does depend on the air flow rate, which is a result of reduced degradation rate relating to narrow temperature distribution in depth caused by short ignition delay time. Consequently, it is suggested that the history of preheating, i.e. the preheated condition which is determined by air temperature and air flow rate, is an essential factor to determine the ignition mode in the early stage of BIC combustion and the mass burning velocity in the period of main combustion with flame. It is found that the mass loss rate of BIC in the gas-phase combustion period increases with decrease in supplied air temperature in this study.
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Wu, Junchen, Yiren Fan, Shaogui Deng, Ruokun Huang, Fei Wu, and Zhongtao Wang. "COMPARATIVE SIMULATION OF WATER-BASED MUD-FILTRATE INVASION IN HIGH-PERMEABILITY AND TIGHT SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS USING LARGE-SIZED FORMATION MODULES." In 2021 SPWLA 62nd Annual Logging Symposium Online. Society of Petrophysicists and Well Log Analysts, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30632/spwla-2021-0028.

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Mud filtrate invasion is a complex and time-dependent process. During the process, a zone of finite size around the wellbore (invasion zone) in which a portion of the initial pore fluids have been displaced by the mud filtrate is gradually generated. As a result, the petrophysical and fluid properties of the formation in this zone will be inevitably altered, and sometimes tend to be quite different from their initial values. Petrophysicists and logging analysts have long considered mud filtrate invasion as a nuisance due to its troublesome effect on formation properties and logging measurements, especially on resistivity logging measurements. Note that even deep reading resistivity logging may not see deep enough (beyond the invasion zone), and need to be corrected. Therefore, simulation of mud filtrate invasion under near reservoir conditions is crucial for an in-depth understanding of its physics and effects on logging measurements, and hence for logging interpretation and formation evaluation. Otherwise, this will produce substantial errors in determining initial formation properties, and estimating hydrocarbon reserves and well productivity. To date, most researchers have done a number of works on mud filtrate invasion on the basis of physical simulation at core plug scale. However, conducting invasion experiment on core plug has intrinsic limitations. Firstly, the cylindrical shape of core plug determines that the seepage form of mud filtrate within it (horizontal linear flow) is completely different from that (plane radial flow) in the actual downhole environment, thereby causing a poor representation of the filtration law observed in the experiment. Secondly, due to the small size of core plug, it is almost impossible to monitor the radial resistivity variation for reflecting the dimension and geometry of the invasion zone. To overcome the limitations, a large-sized formation module (sectorial block structure, 55.9 cm in radial depth, and 10 cm in thickness) made by sandstone outcrop was introduced in this paper. Compared with core plug, as a novel type of experimental equivalent, the formation module is larger in size, greater in saturation capacity, and much more similar to the in-situ formation. Its structure can ensure the seepage form of mud filtrate within it is exactly the same as that in the actual downhole environment. Its large size is able to provide enough space and radial distance to follow the entire invasion process from beginning to dynamic equilibrium. The dynamic processes of long-term water-based mud filtrate (WBMF) invasions were duplicated realistically in laboratory. During the whole experimental period, the dynamic invasion data (including radial formation resistivity profile and filtration rate) can be uninterruptedly real-time acquired, thereby investigating and comparing the phenomenon of WBMF invasion in the formation modules with different physical properties. Finally, by combining physical and numerical simulation, the invasion characteristics of WBMF in high-permeability and tight sandstone reservoirs under in-situ formation conditions were quantified. The results obtained in this paper provide an experimental basis and theoretical support for enlightening novel simulation methodologies of mud filtrate invasion, revealing invasion mechanisms, and establishing invasion correction model for electric logging, etc.
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Fjeldberg, Egil Romsås, Yngve Bolstad Johansen, Lodve Hugo Olsborg, Geir Frode Kvilaas, Tor-Ole Jøssund, and Harish Datir. "X-RAY DIFFRACTION, X-RAY FLUORESCENCE, AND NEUTRON INDUCED SPECTROSCOPY BASED CORRECTION TO IVAR AASEN GEOMODEL: AN OILFIELD FROM THE NORWEGIAN NORTH SEA." In 2021 SPWLA 62nd Annual Logging Symposium Online. Society of Petrophysicists and Well Log Analysts, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30632/spwla-2021-0042.

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The Ivar Aasen (IA) oilfield is located on the Gudrun Terrace on the eastern flank of the Viking Graben in the Norwegian North Sea. The field was discovered in 2008. The reservoir is located within a sedimentary sequence of Mid-Jurassic to Late-Triassic age, which consists of shallow marine to fluvial, alluvial, floodplain and lacustrine deposits overlying a regionally extensive, fractured calcrete interval. The sequence exhibits a complex mineral composition and is heterogeneous at a scale below that of a logging sensor. Shale layers, re-deposited shale and what was first believed to be redeposited calcrete fragments present in various forms throughout the sequence. Looking more in depth to XRD and XRF data and contrasting Fe concentration in the dolomite, it is also possible to explain some of the carbonate deposits through other processes. Extensive data acquisition in the form of advanced wireline logs and coring with analysis performed in “geopilot” wells before production start, enabled a novel thin bed formation evaluation technique based on the modified Thomas-Stieber method (Johansen et al. 2018). The method increased the in-place oil volumes within the Triassic reservoir zone internally named Skagerrak 2. This led to several improvements and a modified drainage strategy of Ivar Aasen. Several good producers were placed in the complex net of the Skagerrak 2 Formation. Results from these producers have encouraged development of an even more marginal and complex net, deeper into the Triassic sedimentary sequence. Therefore, another “geopilot” was drilled into the deeper Triassic sediments, internally named as the Alluvial Fan. This zone exhibits conglomerate clasts in a matrix varying between clay, silt, feldspars, and very fine to very coarse sand fractions, grading towards gravel. Previously, this zone was considered to be mostly non-net. Applying the same interpretation method as for Skagerrak 2, the Alluvial Fan promised economic hydrocarbon volumes. The latest geopilot proved producible hydrocarbons, and subsequently a producer was also successfully placed in this part of the reservoir. Production data and history matching from the beginning of production have for a long while established the previous increase of IA Triassic oil volumes published in 2018. Advanced studies of mineralogy and spectroscopy (Johansen et al. 2019) have indicated that a significant amount of the previously interpreted dolomite, could be reinterpreted as ferroan dolomite. The latter is a heavier mineral that increases the matrix density, hence also the total porosity. The additional findings described provided another necessary first-order correction to further enhance the evergreen geomodel. This paper describes this methodology which resulted in improved petrophysics and reservoir properties of the Alluvial Fan, yet again demonstrating the value of advanced wireline logs and detailed analysis that in total impacts the IA reserve volumes in a significant manner. Repeated success with the applied spectroscopy data and the thin bed methodology used today (Johansen et al. 2018), has resulted in even the deeper Braid Plain Formation becoming of economic interest. It is expected to lie within the oil zone in an upthrow block in the northern part of the IA field and could be developed into the next target.
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