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Journal articles on the topic 'Black economic empowerment'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Heese, Karen. "Black Economic Empowerment in South Africa." Journal of Corporate Citizenship 2003, no. 12 (December 1, 2003): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.9774/gleaf.4700.2003.wi.00010.

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2

Glaser, Daryl. "Should an Egalitarian Support Black Economic Empowerment?" Politikon 34, no. 2 (August 2007): 105–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02589340701715240.

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3

Forbes, Jolette, and Abraham (Braam) Rust. "Responses of selected enterprises to amended broad-based black economic empowerment legislation." Problems and Perspectives in Management 17, no. 1 (April 3, 2019): 360–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.17(1).2019.31.

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Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment (B-BBEE) has been the epitome of policy reform pervading South Africa (SA) since 1994, the end of apartheid. Often making media headlines, it inherently arrogates itself to all stakeholders engaged in commerce with/within SA. This article highlights the results of a qualitative study conducted to investigate recent (2013) changes to the B-BBEE legislative landscape in Cape Town (South Africa), with the focus being on one market segment: Qualifying Small Enterprises (QSEs). These enterprises operate within the same realm as Small Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs). The rationale for such a focus stemmed from QSEs/SMMEs seemingly rigid response to B-BBEE legislative change.The study’s findings were in line with the researcher’s precedential assumption upon its initiation: legislative change to Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment (B-BBEE) for Qualifying Small Enterprises (QSEs) led to non-compliance and impeded transformation goals. The results give rise to a plethora of valuable insights into the dynamics of the industry, not only for strategic direction to be set for/by stakeholders on both a micro and macro level, but also providing a solid foundation relative to further research to be embarked upon – a notion highly advocated in supporting the integration of sustainable transformation in modern South Africa (SA).
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4

Andrews, Matthew. "Will Black economic empowerment catalyse South African growth?" International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business 17, no. 1 (2012): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijesb.2012.048651.

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5

Hardin, Carolyn, and Armond R. Towns. "Plastic Empowerment: Financial Literacy and Black Economic Life." American Quarterly 71, no. 4 (2019): 969–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aq.2019.0070.

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6

Shava, Elvin. "Black Economic Empowerment in South Africa: Challenges and Prospects." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 8, no. 6(J) (January 24, 2017): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v8i6(j).1490.

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Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to assess if the Black Economic Empowerment act has brought new economic horizons for the historically disadvantaged South Africans, or it has contributed to further impoverishmentof the lower classes in communities. The paper based its argument on an extensive literature review which envisaged that, despite many years of its implementation, BEE has caused the emergence of classes resulting fromfraud and corruption, fronting, difficulties in registering status, political interference, and poor accountability strategies. The paper interrogates the implementation strategies of BEE in the local government context to assess whether historical imbalances have been addressed or not. The paper concludes that the government needs to revisit BEE as an economic empowerment policy to see whether it has benefited the black majority or not. The paper reiterates further that, BEE as a black economic emancipation blueprint requires proper implementation and alignment with other economic policies such as the National Development Plan to accelerate economic opportunities for the black majority. The paper recommends the government of South Africa through local municipalities to exercise monitoring and evaluation in the BEE procurement systems are prerequisites in safeguarding the manipulation and corrupt tendencies arising from the awarding of tenders in the local government.Key words: Black Economic Empowerment, South Africa, Challenges, Prospects
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7

Tangri, Roger, and Roger Southall. "The Politics of Black Economic Empowerment in South Africa." Journal of Southern African Studies 34, no. 3 (September 2008): 699–716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057070802295856.

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8

Patel, Leila, and Lauren Graham. "How broad-based is broad-based black economic empowerment?" Development Southern Africa 29, no. 2 (June 2012): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0376835x.2012.675692.

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9

Southall, Roger. "Ten Propositions about Black Economic Empowerment in South Africa." Review of African Political Economy 34, no. 111 (March 2007): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03056240701340365.

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10

WILLIAMS, GAVIN. "Black Economic Empowerment in the South African Wine Industry." Journal of Agrarian Change 5, no. 4 (October 2005): 476–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0366.2005.00109.x.

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11

Iheduru, Okechukwu C. "Black economic power and nation-building in post-apartheid South Africa." Journal of Modern African Studies 42, no. 1 (March 2004): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x03004452.

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This paper evaluates the evolution and the implementation of the ANC government's commitment to fostering a black capitalist class or black economic empowerment (BEE) as a non-racial nation-building strategy. A substantial black bourgeois i.e. and other middle classes begun to emerge over the last decade, contrary to popular perceptions. The legitimating role assigned to the emergent black bourgeoisie by the ANC and the government is, however, threatens to turn the strategy into a nepotistic accumulation. This development is paradoxically threatening to re-racialise the country, widening black inequality gaps, and precluding the rise of a black bourgeoisie with a nurture capitalist agenda. Other equally powerful social groups have begun to challenge the prevailing strategy, compelling the government to explore a more accommodating strategy exemplified by the recent introduction by the government of ‘broad-based economic empowerment’. Should a less patrimonial, less racially and ethnically divisive BEE strategy emerge from this quasi-pluralist power play, such a change holds prospects for the creation of a ‘growth coalition’ capable of sustainable capitalist development and true empowerment of the black majority. That would be a positive development in terms of establishing and consolidating democracy in South Africa.
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12

P. Krüger, Louis. "Black economic empowerment in post-1994 South Africa: ANC curse and/or socialist/communist covenant?" Problems and Perspectives in Management 14, no. 3 (September 6, 2016): 162–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.14(3-1).2016.03.

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After more than 21 years under the leadership of the African National Congress (ANC), post-1994 South Africa finds itself yet again embroiled in race-related politics. Government policies such as black economic empowerment (BEE) and employment equity (EE) have not brought about the economic growth, social development and political democracy that the late former President Nelson Mandela had envisaged and what the ANC had promised to all the people of South Africa. South Africa is currently disengaging itself from the West including the Unites States of America (USA) and certain European Union (EU) countries and appears to rather embrace and align itself with countries such as Russia and China that pursue socialist and communist ideologies. Both these two issues may have a profound impact on how businesses will be managed in the future. In an exploratory, qualitative study using a “5 Star” research methodology, the direct and indirect impacts of BEE policies were investigated and the possible movement in South Africa’s ideological stance was explored. BEE does not appear to have helped to bring about high economic growth to help to reduce unemployment and eradicate the high levels of poverty and inequality, and government graft and corruption have increased at all levels of government, including local municipalities. BEE appears to have become the ANC’s curse to economic, social and political progress and should be scrapped. A national debate should follow on whether the ANC’s current covenant with pro-socialism and pro-communism rather than Western free-market capitalism is the appropriate ideology for South Africa to pursue. Keywords: black economic empowerment (BEE), employment equity (EE), African National Congress (ANC), capitalism, socialism, communism. JEL Classification: M14, M21
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13

Law, Kate. "“The Wild West World of BEE”: Black Economic Empowerment Reviewed." Safundi 11, no. 3 (July 2010): 313–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17533171003788154.

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14

Dlamini, Nothile. "Trick or Treat: rethinking black economic empowerment (review)." Transformation: Critical Perspectives on Southern Africa 77, no. 1 (2011): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/trn.2011.0036.

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15

Black, P. A. "ON THE CASE FOR “BLACK ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT” IN SOUTH AFRICA**." South African Journal of Economics 70, no. 8 (July 6, 2005): 1148–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2002.tb00061.x.

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16

Sartorius, Kurt, and Gerhard Botha. "Black economic empowerment ownership initiatives: a Johannesburg Stock Exchange perspective." Development Southern Africa 25, no. 4 (October 2008): 437–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03768350802318530.

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17

Ponte, Stefano, Simon Roberts, and Lance van Sittert. "‘Black Economic Empowerment’, Business and the State in South Africa." Development and Change 38, no. 5 (September 2007): 933–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.2007.00440.x.

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18

Habchi, Laetitia. "Les chartes sectorielles du Black Economic Empowerment : une transition en douceur ?" Afrique contemporaine 210, no. 2 (2004): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/afco.210.0109.

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19

Janssens, W., N. Sefoko, J. van Rooyen, and F. Bostyn. "Measuring perceived black economic empowerment in the South African wine industry." Agrekon 45, no. 4 (December 2006): 381–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03031853.2006.9523754.

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20

Magure, Booker. "Foreign investment, black economic empowerment and militarised patronage politics in Zimbabwe." Journal of Contemporary African Studies 30, no. 1 (January 2012): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02589001.2011.638154.

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21

DU TOIT, ANDRIES, SANDRA KRUGER, and STEFANO PONTE. "Deracializing Exploitation? ‘Black Economic Empowerment’ in the South African Wine Industry." Journal of Agrarian Change 8, no. 1 (December 12, 2007): 6–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0366.2007.00161.x.

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22

Coleman, Marcus J., Marek Steedman, Iliyan Iliev, and Lawless Turner. "Conceptualizing Black Political Disillusionment." National Review of Black Politics 2, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 107–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nrbp.2021.2.2.107.

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This article explores the impact of increased political disillusion on support for a Black regime within a city shaped by Black empowerment. Building on findings from previous research on the 2010 mayoral election in New Orleans, Louisiana (NOLA), we examine how the intersection of race and economic stratification influences political disillusion in a Black community. W.E.B. Du Bois’s double consciousness guides our examination of the Black political sphere relative to the election of Mayor Mitch Landrieu in 2010. We conduct a quantitative content analysis to illuminate the communicative elements resulting from Black empowerment and the political incorporation of Black residents of New Orleans in relation to political disillusion. All participants (n=22) in this sample are Black New Orleanians who were eligible to vote in the 2010 New Orleans mayoral election. Our findings convey a Black electorate both disillusioned by post-Katrina economic and political developments and yet pragmatic about the possibilities for greater success with a white mayor. Also, the findings suggest that government disillusion influences why Black voters are willing to elect a white mayor. Lastly, we assert that participants, while being seen as outsiders to their community, develop a second-sight. This second-sight is generated by intra-racial political considerations that take on cultural, as well as political, form.
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23

van Heerden, Jakobus Daniël. "The interrelationship between the South African private equity industry and black economic empowerment." Corporate Ownership and Control 5, no. 3 (2008): 328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv5i3c3p1.

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This paper investigates the relationship between the South African private equity industry and government’s black economic empowerment (BEE) legislation. As the private equity industry of South Africa was formalised only in 1999, literature and data regarding the industry is limited. The research is therefore more qualitative in nature, and is based on a combination of media and journal articles, domestic as well as global surveys, personal communication with experts in the industry and other relevant research. The study suggests that the need to earn black economic empowerment credentials is one of the major driving forces behind the growthexperienced in the South African private equity industry, and at the same time this growth leads to an accelerated BEE transformation process, resulting in an interrelationship between the industry and BEE.
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24

Adendorff, C. M., Harvey Keown, and Ric Amansure. "The development of a socio-economic model to promote women’s empowerment initiatives in the renewable energy sector of South Africa." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 31, no. 2 (June 14, 2020): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2020/v31i2a6166.

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This study investigates the main contributors that can positively influence the socio-economic empowerment of women in the renewable energy sector in the Republic of South Africa, and recommends new and innovative approaches to mainstream gender in the sector. Empirical evidence showed that ethical leadership positively influences good governance and successful women’s empowerment. The results also indicated that social investment and broad-based black economic empowerment positively influence successful women’s empowerment. Finally, the results indicated that sustainable programmes are a positive contributing factor to good governance. However, the respondents did not consider stakeholder engagement statistically significant to good governance or successful women’s empowerment. This study also has the potential to contribute to the improvement of impoverished communities in South Africa and elsewhere.
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25

Dirkse van Schalkwyk, Riaan, and Louis P. Krüger. "The potential financial impact and influence of black economic empowerment (BEE) on private higher education institutions in South Africa: management alert." Problems and Perspectives in Management 17, no. 3 (July 25, 2019): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.17(3).2019.04.

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Education is considered an important pillar of economic development and a vital factor for nation building in post-1994 South Africa. Higher education (HE) is offered by government-subsidized universities and colleges, while there has been an increase in the number of private higher education institutions (PHEIs), which offer more expensive, unsubsidized tertiary education. While all state bodies and public entities are required to apply the provisions of the Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment (B-BBEE) Act, this is not (yet) seemingly a requirement for PHEIs. This study used an adapted version of the “5 Star” research methodology to explore the potential financial impact and influence of the African National Congress’s (ANC’s) black economic empowerment (BEE) policy on PHEIs. The research shows that the BEE policy has the potential to financially impact and influence most of the components of the total quality service (TQS) framework for PHEIs in terms of preferential procurement from suppliers, company ownership, appointment of executive, middle and junior managers, employment of academic and administrative staff, and throughput of black student graduates. Management at PHEIs should be alerted to the fact that it is probably not merely a matter of IF, but rather WHEN the policy will start impacting on the financial stability and viability of PHEIs as BEE compliance becomes mandatory.
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26

Ngcobo, Raphael, and Watson Ladzani. "Analysis of economic transformation intervention in South Africa - the CA charter." Environmental Economics 7, no. 3 (October 21, 2016): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.07(3).2016.02.

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The purpose of this paper is to conduct an analysis of the chartered accountancy profession sector charter with other sector charters. This is to ascertain if the chartered accountancy profession charter is a workable strategy to address economic transformation within the accountancy profession in South Africa. Desktop research method was used for this paper. Content analysis was used to analyze the chartered accountancy profession’s charters with the aim to ascertain if it is a workable strategy when compared with other sector charters to address the limitation of growth of black people in the chartered accountancy profession. The analysis of the selected sector charters shows that the chartered accountancy sector is committed to economic empowerment in South Africa. This sector has, however, set aggressive targets on employment equity and skills development when compared with the financial and construction sectors. This analysis and comparison is useful in guiding the stakeholders within the accountancy profession in their vision to accelerate the transformation process within the profession. Furthermore, it is hoped that this paper will stimulate substantive discussions around economic transformation strategy designed by government and business to redress economic inequality in South Africa. Keywords: broad-based black economic empowerment, charters, chartered accountancy, sectors, South Africa. JEL Classification: J24, J71
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27

Mangaliso, Mzamo P., and Stella M. Nkomo. "HerdBuoys McCann-Erickson's Chairman Peter Vundla on black entrepreneurs and economic empowerment." Academy of Management Perspectives 15, no. 3 (August 2001): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ame.2001.5229442.

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28

Horn, GS. "Black economic empowerment in the Eastern Cape automotive industry: Challenges and policies." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 10, no. 4 (May 22, 2014): 490–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v10i4.1062.

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Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) in South Africa are under pressure to meet the Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) policies and charters of the South African government by giving BEE suppliers additional opportunities to tender. However, many BEE suppliers, due to being historically disadvantaged, experience various problems which make it difficult for them to win tenders, including lack of finances, opportunities to tender and management and business skills, and problems with quality and capacity. This paper outlines these practical problems experienced by BEE suppliers, the effects of these problems on risk and complexity in the South African automotive industry and policies that address these problems and assist BEE suppliers to become A-rated suppliers. Data for the paper was obtained from interviews with: senior employees of the AIDC involved with supplier development training; middle managers of supplier quality and development departments at the three OEMs in the Eastern Cape Province; and BEE and small suppliers identified to undergo AIDC training. The findings of the study are that unless sufficient training is given to BEE and potential BEE suppliers, supply to OEMs will remain in the hands of existing established suppliers and very little transformation will occur within the automobile industry in South Africa.
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29

Rampersad, Renitha, and Swastika Juggernath. "Communicating transformation, Black Economic Empowerment, and social interventions amongst South African business." Corporate Ownership and Control 9, no. 3 (2012): 472–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv9i3c4art5.

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This paper illustrates the strategic responses of South African companies that have been challenged with corporate transformation due to Black Economic Empowerment (BEE). In this study we investigate the approach used by BEE compliant businesses in formulating and implementing communication strategies to ensure an informed workforce. This paper reports on findings which reveal that communication strategies have been put in place since the implementation of BEE and highlights that there is a moral obligation for the company to ensure that employees are made aware of their rights. Respondents agreed that the initial BEE implementation stages involved numerous misconceptions by staff, which placed a barrier on the effective implementation of BEE in the workplace.
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30

ALESSANDRI, TODD M., SYLVIA SLOAN BLACK, and WILLIAM E. JACKSON. "BLACK ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA: CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY THAT CREATES VALUE?" Academy of Management Proceedings 2009, no. 1 (August 2009): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2009.44244332.

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31

Genre-Grandpierre, Gilles. "Le Black Economic Empowerment en Afrique du Sud : fondements, contraintes et risques." Afrique contemporaine 210, no. 2 (2004): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/afco.210.0095.

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32

Mebratie, Anagaw Derseh, and Arjun S. Bedi. "Foreign direct investment, black economic empowerment and labour productivity in South Africa." Journal of International Trade & Economic Development 22, no. 1 (February 2013): 103–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638199.2013.745287.

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33

Wachira, Mumbi Maria. "Broad-based black economic empowerment and CEO racial representation in South Africa." International Journal of Critical Accounting 11, no. 3 (2020): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijca.2020.109244.

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34

Makgoba, Metji. "Constructing black economic empowerment in South African mining: Government v corporate discourse." African Studies 78, no. 4 (February 19, 2019): 568–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00020184.2019.1578167.

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35

Bracking, Sarah. "Black economic empowerment policy in Durban, eThekwini, South Africa: economic justice, economic fraud and ‘leaving money on the table’." Review of African Political Economy 46, no. 161 (July 3, 2019): 415–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03056244.2019.1644997.

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36

Lorenzo, T., L. van Niekerk, and P. Mdlokolo. "Economic empowerment and black disabled entrepreneurs: Negotiating partnerships in Cape Town, South Africa." Disability and Rehabilitation 29, no. 5 (January 2007): 429–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638280600841190.

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37

Arya, Bindu, and Balbir Bassi. "Corporate Social Responsibility and Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Legislation in South Africa." Business & Society 50, no. 4 (February 27, 2009): 674–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650309332261.

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38

Mohapi, Mateka, and Kennedy Njenga. "Conceptualising the Effect of the Black Economic Empowerment Score-Card on IT Governance." Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries 54, no. 1 (October 2012): 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1681-4835.2012.tb00385.x.

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39

Fauconnier, A., and B. Mathur-Helm. "Black economic empowerment in the South African mining industry: A case study of Exxaro Limited." South African Journal of Business Management 39, no. 4 (December 31, 2008): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v39i4.567.

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This paper explores some of the key challenges and opportunities in the implementation of the broad-based black economic empowerment (BBBEE) deal of Kumba Resources, which subsequently led to the formation of Exxaro Limited, a large black-owned mining conglomerate in South Africa. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with a sample of 11 leaders involved directly in the deal. The data were content-analysed and the findings suggested that BEE transactions faced numerous challenges, including finding sustainable funding, securing suitable investors, merging various cultures, dealing with fronting and leadership, and planning management and leadership succession. The study concluded that the deal led successfully to both the equitable transfer of ownership and management and to the control of financial and economic resources to a wider base of the black population. However, several malpractices were identified which may have impeded the process of achieving the intended outcomes. The article provides recommendations, indicates limitations and proposes a way forward.
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40

Chism, Jonathan Langston. "“The Saints Go Marching”: Black Pentecostal Critical Consciousness and the Political Protest Activism of Pastors and Leaders in the Church of God in Christ in the Civil Rights Era." Pneuma 35, no. 3 (2013): 424–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700747-12341350.

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Abstract Although black Pentecostal leaders are known for their emphasis on holiness and spiritual empowerment, they are not renowned for having led and spearheaded political protest struggles during the Civil Rights movement. In this paper I discuss black Pentecostals’ postures toward political protest struggles, and I analyze reasons why some black Pentecostals participated in the Civil Rights movement while others did not. My central argument is that critical consciousness formation played an integral role in motivating a minority of Church of God in Christ (COGIC) clergy and leaders to engage in Civil Rights protest struggles. That is to say, many black Pentecostals who took part in the movement reconciled their strivings for spiritual empowerment against evil with critical reflection upon complex social, political, and economic realities. They recognized the utility of opposing structures of oppression through direct, nonviolent means.
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41

Wolmarans, Hendrik, and Kurt Sartorius. "Corporate social responsibility: the financial impact of black economic empowerment transactions in South Africa." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 12, no. 2 (August 22, 2011): 180–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v12i2.275.

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Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has recently received considerable attention in literature. One of the vehicles by which companies can conform to CSR in South Africa is Black Economic Empowerment (BEE). In this regard, BEE has been employed to assist previously disadvantaged groups of investors obtain a larger share of the equity of South African listed companies. The question has often been asked whether the announcement of BEE transactions by listed companies increases shareholder wealth. This article tries to answer this question by examining the share performance of 125 BEE transactions involving 95 companies during the period January 2002 to July 2006. The results indicate a positive relation between BEE transaction announcements and shareholder wealth creation, but only during the last part of the period covered by the study.
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42

Wachira, Mumbi Maria. "Broad-based Black Economic Empowerment (B-BBEE) and CEO Racial Representation in South Africa." International Journal of Critical Accounting 1, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijca.2020.10026500.

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43

Ward, M., and C. Muller. "The long-term share price reaction to Black Economic Empowerment announcements on the JSE." Investment Analysts Journal 39, no. 71 (January 2010): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10293523.2010.11082517.

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44

Hills, Janine. "Addressing Gender Quotas in South Africa: Women Employment and Gender Equality Legislation." Deakin Law Review 20, no. 1 (September 18, 2015): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/dlr2015vol20no1art498.

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A significant development in the area of gender quota legislation is driven by South Africa’s latest National Policy Framework for Women Empowerment and Gender Equality (WEGE) legislation. This legislation expands on the values and principles that need to be integrated into policies, practices and programs of the private sector and government to ensure gender equality and quotas. The legislation strives for 50 per cent female representation on the executive bodies of all organisations. Another unique feature of diversity in South Africa is achieved through the Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) Program. South Africa’s BEE Scorecard Policies and Empowerment Strategies are unique, affecting quota decisions and behaviour.
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45

Warikandwa, Tapiwa V., and Patrick C. Osode. "Regulating Against Business "Fronting" to Advance Black Economic Empowerment in Zimbabwe: Lessons from South Africa." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 20 (March 16, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2017/v20i0a735.

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This article examines Zimbabwe’s indigenisation legislation, points out some of its inadequacies and draws lessons from South Africa’s experiences in implementing its own indigenisation legislation. Both countries have encountered challenges relating to an upsurge in unethical business conduct aimed at defeating the objectives of their black economic empowerment programmes, policies and legislation. This practice is called business fronting. However, while South Africa has succeeded in enacting a credible piece of legislation aimed at addressing this issue, Zimbabwe has yet to do so. The article points out that the failure to regulate against business fronting poses the most significant threat to the attainment of the laudable aims and objectives of the indigenisation programme and related legislation. In order to avoid becoming a regulatory regime that is notorious for not only being functionally ineffective but also for tacitly permitting racketeering in reality, the article argues for the adoption of anti-fronting legislation in Zimbabwe using the South African legislation as a model.
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46

Van der Merwe, Cara Maria, and Petri Ferreira. "The association among the seven elements of the black economic empowerment score and market performance." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 17, no. 5 (November 28, 2014): 544–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v17i5.627.

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The black economic empowerment (BEE) score consists of seven elements, namely ownership,management control, employment equity, skills development, preferential procurement, enterprisedevelopment and socio-economic development. The purpose of this study is to establish whether anassociation exists between an entity’s BEE elements and its share returns in the short term.Based on prior literature, it appears that the market reacts positively to an announcement of a BEE deal,although the literature also indicates that an entity’s BEE score, which includes all seven elements of theBEE score, bears a negative relationship to its share returns. Therefore the association between the variousBEE elements and share returns needs to be investigated. The study uses a multivariate regressionanalysis that controls for factors influencing share returns. The study includes the BEE element data asobtained from the survey of the top empowerment companies carried out by Empowerdex/Financial Mail forthe period 2005 to 2011.The results of this study indicate that a significant positive association exists between the managementcontrol element of the BEE score and the entity’s share returns. Furthermore, a significant negativeassociation exists between the ownership and preferential procurement elements of an entity and its sharereturns. This study contributes to the literature on BEE in the accounting and finance field in South Africa aswell as enhances the understanding and effect of BEE compliance through implementation of the genericscorecard as required by the 2007 codes of good practice. The results of this study would be of interest togovernment policy analysts, investors and managers.
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Cahan, Steven F., and Chris J. van Staden. "Black economic empowerment, legitimacy and the value added statement: evidence from post-apartheid South Africa." Accounting & Finance 49, no. 1 (March 2009): 37–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-629x.2008.00280.x.

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Horwitz, Frank M., and Harish Jain. "An assessment of employment equity and Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment developments in South Africa." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 30, no. 4 (May 3, 2011): 297–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02610151111135750.

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49

Bowman, Andrew. "Black economic empowerment policy and state–business relations in South Africa: the case of mining." Review of African Political Economy 46, no. 160 (April 3, 2019): 223–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03056244.2019.1605587.

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Myers, Samuel L. "Samuel Z. Westerfield Lecture: The Evolving Face of Capitalism and Prospects for Black Economic Empowerment." Review of Black Political Economy 23, no. 3 (March 1995): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02689989.

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