Academic literature on the topic 'Black lipid bilayers'

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Journal articles on the topic "Black lipid bilayers"

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Banerjee, Sourabh, and Crina M. Nimigean. "Non-vesicular transfer of membrane proteins from nanoparticles to lipid bilayers." Journal of General Physiology 137, no. 2 (January 31, 2011): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201010558.

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Discoidal lipoproteins are a novel class of nanoparticles for studying membrane proteins (MPs) in a soluble, native lipid environment, using assays that have not been traditionally applied to transmembrane proteins. Here, we report the successful delivery of an ion channel from these particles, called nanoscale apolipoprotein-bound bilayers (NABBs), to a distinct, continuous lipid bilayer that will allow both ensemble assays, made possible by the soluble NABB platform, and single-molecule assays, to be performed from the same biochemical preparation. We optimized the incorporation and verified the homogeneity of NABBs containing a prototypical potassium channel, KcsA. We also evaluated the transfer of KcsA from the NABBs to lipid bilayers using single-channel electrophysiology and found that the functional properties of the channel remained intact. NABBs containing KcsA were stable, homogeneous, and able to spontaneously deliver the channel to black lipid membranes without measurably affecting the electrical properties of the bilayer. Our results are the first to demonstrate the transfer of a MP from NABBs to a different lipid bilayer without involving vesicle fusion.
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Alghalayini, Amani, Alvaro Garcia, Thomas Berry, and Charles Cranfield. "The Use of Tethered Bilayer Lipid Membranes to Identify the Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Peptide Interactions with Lipid Bilayers." Antibiotics 8, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8010012.

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This review identifies the ways in which tethered bilayer lipid membranes (tBLMs) can be used for the identification of the actions of antimicrobials against lipid bilayers. Much of the new research in this area has originated, or included researchers from, the southern hemisphere, Australia and New Zealand in particular. More and more, tBLMs are replacing liposome release assays, black lipid membranes and patch-clamp electrophysiological techniques because they use fewer reagents, are able to obtain results far more quickly and can provide a uniformity of responses with fewer artefacts. In this work, we describe how tBLM technology can and has been used to identify the actions of numerous antimicrobial agents.
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Pazur, Alexander. "The Effect of Weak Permanent Magnetic Fields on the Electric Properties of Lipid-Bilayers." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 50, no. 11-12 (December 1, 1995): 833–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1995-11-1215.

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Abstract Black lipid membranes were prepared on a Teflon septum separating electrically the two chambers of a Teflon cuvette, using the technique of Mueller et al., (Nature 194. 979 (1962)). An external, static magnetic field was applied, whose intensity varied from 0 G to 100 G at the membrane location. Field applications higher than 10 G are effecting higher leakage currents, increased capacity and faster breakdown of the bilayer state, as compared to the absence of a magnetic field. If bilayers were doped with chlorophyll a, these effects were increased. Quantum mechanical and thermodynamical phenomena on membranes will be discussed as possible origins of these effects.
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Geng, Shengyong, Lie Wu, Haodong Cui, Wenyong Tan, Tianfeng Chen, Paul K. Chu, and Xue-Feng Yu. "Synthesis of lipid–black phosphorus quantum dot bilayer vesicles for near-infrared-controlled drug release." Chemical Communications 54, no. 47 (2018): 6060–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc03423k.

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Black phosphorus quantum dots are incorporated into liposomal bilayers to produce a drug delivery system with excellent near-infrared (NIR) photothermal properties and drug release capability controlled by light.
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Ovalle-García, Erasmo, and Iván Ortega-Blake. "Joining patch-clamp and atomic force microscopy techniques for studying black lipid bilayers." Applied Physics Letters 91, no. 9 (August 27, 2007): 093901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2776356.

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Bednarczyk, Piotr, Adam Szewczyk, and Krzysztof Dołowy. "Transmembrane segment M2 of glycine receptor as a model system for the pore-forming structure of ion channels." Acta Biochimica Polonica 49, no. 4 (December 31, 2002): 869–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.2002_3746.

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The glycine receptor belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel superfamily. It is a chloride conducting channel composed of four transmembrane domains. It was previously shown that the second transmembrane domain (M2) of the glycine receptor forms an ion conduction pathway throughout lipid bilayers. The amino-acid sequence of the transmembrane segment M2 of the glycine receptor has a high homology to all receptors of the ligand-gated ion channel superfamily. In our report, we have used a synthetic M2 peptide. It was incorporated into a planar membrane of known lipid composition and currents induced by M2 were measured by the Black Lipid Membrane technique. When the planar lipid bilayer was composed of 75% phosphatidylethanolamine and 25% phosphatidylserine, the reversal potential measured in a 150/600 mM KCl (cis/trans) gradient was -19 mV suggesting that the examined >pore was preferential to anions, P(K)/P(Cl) = 0.25. In contrast, when 75% phosphatidylserine and 25% phosphatidylethanolamine was used, the reversal potential was +20 mV and the >pore was preferential to cations, P(K)/P(Cl) = 4.36. Single-channel currents were recorded with two predominant amplitudes corresponding to the main-conductance and sub-conductance states. Both conductance states (about 12 pS and 30 pS) were measured in a symmetric solution of 50 mM KCl. The observed single-channel properties suggest that the selectivity and conductance of the pore formed by the M2 peptide of the glycine receptor depend on the lipid composition of the planar bilayer.
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Takei, Tomohiko, Tatsuya Yaguchi, Takuya Fujii, Tomonori Nomoto, Taro Toyota, and Masanori Fujinami. "Measurement of membrane tension of free standing lipid bilayers via laser-induced surface deformation spectroscopy." Soft Matter 11, no. 44 (2015): 8641–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sm01264c.

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Non-invasive measurement of the membrane tension of free-standing black lipid membranes (BLMs), with sensitivity on the order of μN m−1, was achieved using laser-induced surface deformation (LISD) spectroscopy.
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Jing, Peng, Hallel Paraiso, and Benjamin Burris. "Highly efficient integration of the viral portal proteins from different types of phages into planar bilayers for the black lipid membrane analysis." Molecular BioSystems 12, no. 2 (2016): 480–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5mb00573f.

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Corvalán, Natalia A., and María A. Perillo. "Probing Thermotropic Phase Behavior of Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine Bilayers from Electrical and Topographic Data in a Horizontal Black Lipid Membrane Model." Langmuir 36, no. 5 (January 15, 2020): 1083–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02854.

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Kharchenko, L. P., and I. A. Lykova. "Littoral invertebrates in waders’ nutrition at migratory stopover sites in the Azov and Black Sea region." Ecology and Noospherology 25, no. 1-2 (January 14, 2014): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/031407.

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Seasonal migration for birds – distant migrants are the most energy intensive. Fat reserves accumulated in the bird’s body before migration and during migratory stopovers determine success of the long-distance flight. Lipids play a vital role both as a source of energy and as structural components of cell membranes. For most migrants to the speed and quality processes fat accumulation affects the feed ration in the field of migration stops. Fodder saturation with essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is of great importance. Being paramount for physiological processes, these acids cannot be synthesized in the bird’s body. The proposed article is dedicated to the study of waders’ trophic relationships with their prey items, and the use of PUFAs as biochemical markers. This approach is based on the specificity of the fatty acids contained in the lipids of invertebrate to be used as food bird species studied. Significant amount NPZHK waders obtained from forage that can be considered PUFAs as biochemical markers to determine the range and diversity of food producing birds PUFAs ways, and also to study the food chain in ecosystems. A fatty acid spectrum (FAS) of the lipids common for nine littoral invertebrate species (Gammarus aequicauda, Idotea balthica, Artemia salina, Nerеis sp., Nerеis zonata, Theodoxces astrachanicus, Hydrobia acuta, Chironomus salinarius, Chironomus plumosus), which constitute the main component of waders’ diet at the migratory stopover sites in the Azov and Black Sea region, has been studied. Found that the largest amount of total lipids contained in Nereis zonata (4,6 %) and Artemia salina (4,4 %), the lowest amount of total lipids was observed in Chironomus (1,5–1,8 %), which implies that polychaete worms and Artemia salina, as a source of fat, are the most productive for waders. Our research has found that mollusks, polychaete worms, and Artemia salina are the most effective waders’ fodder in the PUFAs content. Mollusks contain the largest amount of PUFAs, their spectrum is ω3 and ω6 PUFAs, especially arаchidonic acid C20:4. Polychate worms are also characterized by a high PUFAs level; they serve for birds as a source of linolenic and linoleic acid groups. Artemia salina contains a large amount of eicosapentaenoic С20:5ω3 and docosahexaenoic С22:6ω3 acids, which getting to an organism of birds, participating in the formation of cell membranes, act as thermal stabilizer lipid bilayers, enhance stamina during long-distance flight. A high abundance of Artemia salina in the feeding areas permit tundra waders to use them as a prey item, which can fulfill the bird’s body with a required amount of fatty acids in a short time. We have established an influence of some environmental factors, as water temperature and salinity, on the lipids FAS of littoral invertebrates. Spectrum analysis of polyene fatty acids in the lipids closely related species of invertebrates living in different salinity water showed that the content of PUFAs in the lipid depend on their food spectrum, and the environmental conditions. Therefore, anthropogenic pressure and changes of water hydrological regime may affect PUFAs content in the lipids of littoral invertebrates. In its turn, this factor may change alimentary behavior and migratory strategy of the birds, which use migratory stopover sites in the region in question. Shallow waters of the Azov-Black Sea region are characterized by different climatic characteristics and a large reserve of phytoplankton. This explains the mass character species studied of invertebrates to feeding areas and their use as basic prey items, many species of waders.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Black lipid bilayers"

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Lewis, Shanta. "Effects of carbon nanotubes on barrier epithelial cells via effects on lipid bilayers." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/5611.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are one of the most common nanoparticles (NP) found in workplace air. Therefore, there is a strong chance that these NP will enter the human body. They have similar physical properties to asbestos, a known toxic material, yet there is limited evidence showing that CNTs may be hazardous to human barrier epithelia. In previous studies done in our laboratory, the effects of CNTs on the barrier function in the human airway epithelial cell line (Calu-3) were measured. Measurements were done using electrophysiology, a technique which measures both transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), a measure of monolayer integrity, and short circuit current (SCC) which is a measure of vectorial ion transport across the cell monolayer. The research findings showed that select physiologically relevant concentrations of long single-wall (SW) and multi-wall (MW) CNTs significantly decreased the stimulated SCC of the Calu-3 cells compared to untreated cultures. Calu-3 cells showed decreases in TEER when incubated for 48 hours (h) with concentrations of MWCNT ranging from 4µg/cm2 to 0.4ng/cm2 and SWCNT ranging from 4µg/cm2 to 0.04ng/cm2. The impaired cellular function, despite sustained cell viability, led us to investigate the mechanism by which the CNTs were affecting the cell membrane. We investigated the interaction of short MWCNTs with model lipid membranes using an ion channel amplifier, Planar Bilayer Workstation. Membranes were synthesized using neutral diphytanoylphosphatidylcholine (DPhPC) and negatively charged diphytanoylphosphatidylserine (DPhPS) lipids. Gramicidin A (GA), an ion channel reporter protein, was used to measure changes in ion channel conductance due to CNT exposures. Synthetic membranes exposed to CNTs allowed bursts of currents to cross the membrane when they were added to the membrane buffer system. When added to the membrane in the presence of GA, they distorted channel formation and reduced membrane stability.
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Suková, Anna. "Role segmentu 400-500 v biologické aktivitě adenylát cyklázového toxinu bakterie Bordetella pertussis." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-355671.

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The adenylate cyclase toxin-hemolysin (CyaA) plays a key role in virulence of the whooping cough agent Bordetella pertussis. It translocates an AC enzyme into cytosol of CD11b+ phagocytes and subverts their bactericidal functions by unregulated conversion of ATP to cAMP. In parallel, CyaA permeabilizes cellular membrane by forming cation-selective pores. The goal of my diploma thesis was an analysis of the mechanism of interaction of the segment linking the invasive adenylate cyclase domain and the RTX hemolysin moiety of CyaA with target membrane. Our data show that the segment linking the AC to the hydrophobic domain of CyaA is directly involved in the interaction of the toxin with the membrane and controls the formation of small cationt-selective pores. Our results generate new knowledge that will be of relevance to the entire field of toxin biology and will enable the design of improved CyaA- based vaccines. Keywords: Bordetella pertussis, adenylate cyclase toxin, membrane translocation, pore- forming activity, black lipid bilayers, liposomes
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Herasymova, Nataliya. "Gramicidin A and cyclic peptides channel conductances in black lipid membranes." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/15143.

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Conference papers on the topic "Black lipid bilayers"

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Creasy, M. Austin, and Donald J. Leo. "Self-Healing Bilayer Lipid Membranes Formed Over Synthetic Substrates." In ASME 2008 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2008-460.

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Biological systems demonstrate autonomous healing of damage and are an inspiration for developing self-healing materials. Our recent experimental study has demonstrated that a bilayer lipid membrane (BLM), also called a black lipid membrane, has the ability to self-heal after mechanical failure. These molecules have a unique property that they spontaneously self assembly into organized structures in an aqueous medium. The BLM forms an impervious barrier to ions and fluid between two volumes and strength of the barrier is dependent on the pressure and electrical field applied to the membrane. A BLM formed over an aperture on a silicon substrate is shown to self-heal for 5 pressurization failure cycles.
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Chu, Benjamin, Dean Ho, Hyeseung Lee, Karen Kuo, and Carlo Montemagno. "Protein-Functionalized Proton Exchange Membranes." In ASME 2004 3rd Integrated Nanosystems Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nano2004-46018.

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Protein-functionalized biomimetic membranes, based upon a triblock copolymer simulating a natural lipid bilayer in a single chain, serves as a core technology for applications in bioenergetics. Monolayers of block copolymer, which simulates the hydrophilic-hydrophobic-hydrophilic chain of a natural cell membrane, can be formed by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition and provides a favorable environment for protein refolding. Large-scale membrane formation is achieved using LB deposition on a variety of substrates, such as gold, quartz, silicon, and Nafion®. We have successfully inserted membrane proteins, such as the light-activated proton pump, bacteriorhodopsin (BR) and the pH/voltage-gateable porin, Outermembrane Protein F (OmpF), into large-area LB monolayers. We have also established sustained protein functionality in films through the measurement of light-activated proton transport.
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Freeman, Eric C., Michael K. Philen, and Donald J. Leo. "Principles of Biomolecular Network Design." In ASME 2013 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2013-3113.

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Networks of biomolecular unit cells are proposed as a new type of biologically inspired intelligent materials. These materials are derived from natural cellular mechanics and aim to improve current biologically-inspired technologies by recreating the desired systems from the basic building block of the natural world; the cell. The individual biomolecular unit cell is able to replicate natural cellular abilities through a combination of lipid bilayer membranes containing embedded proteins and peptides. While individual unit cells offer an ideal testing environment for demonstrating proofs of concept, more advanced abilities require larger networks, utilizing cell-to-cell interactions. The cell-to-cell interactions often involve multiple modes of communication, which have been identified for this paper as primarily electrical, chemical, and mechanical phenomenon. Previous modeling efforts have incorporated the electrical portion through equivalent circuit models, but these lack the ability to fully explain some of the network characteristics. A new formulation is presented here to illustrate how these three classes of phenomenon may be coupled to achieve various engineering design goals.
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Maktabi, Sepehr, Jeffrey W. Schertzer, and Paul R. Chiarot. "Microfluidic-Based Fabrication and Dielectrophoretic Manipulation of Microcapsules." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11903.

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Abstract To probe the complexity of biological systems, large numbers of independent experiments are needed to gather statistically reliable information. A platform that performs these experiments at high-throughput demands precise control over the formation and delivery of microcapsules. Microfluidics enables passive and active modes of droplet formation, manipulation, and mixing. Aqueous- and organic-based emulsions serve as well-defined compartments that encapsulate target materials (e.g., cells, reagents, nucleic acid, and nanoparticles) in femto- to picoliter volumes surrounded by an immiscible fluid. In this work, we demonstrate a high-throughput PDMS-based microfluidic device for fabrication and control of uniform micron-size water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions. Passive and active modes of droplet generation (i.e., hydrodynamic flow focusing and electrospray, respectively) are utilized to form droplets in the size range of 1 to 100 μm. We also leverage dielectrophoretic forces to steer the microemulsions across flows of organic or inorganic phases. The dielectrophoretic force provides high-speed separation with no moving elements and does not require droplet charging. Two electrode designs of AC- and DC-based circuits incorporated into the PDMS block are proposed. We investigate the effect of frequency and voltage on the degree of deflection and separation efficiency of the emulsions. We show that the fabricated microcapsules can be used as templates to build synthetic lipid bilayer model membranes that more accurately mimic physiological conditions. In addition, our microfluidic-based device integrated with on-board electronics can be used as an essential component in high-speed screening bioassays.
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Tamaddoni, Nima, Graham J. Taylor, and Stephen A. Sarles. "Robust Sensing and Reversible Actuation Using Triblock Copolymer Stabilized Intradroplet Interfaces." In ASME 2015 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2015-8840.

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In this work, a recently developed method for forming copolymer-stabilized interfaces (CSI) between aqueous droplets is pursued to as a means to construct smart materials and systems. The ABA type copolymer employed consists of two hydrophilic (PEO) groups sandwiching a hydrophobic PDMS core. Aqueous droplets submerged in triblock copolymer (PEO-PDMS-PEO)-oil mixtures are rapidly coated in copolymer monolayers, however, unlike phospholipid-stabilized droplet interface bilayers (DIBs), electrical measurements reveal that there is no spontaneous formation of a “thinned” interface with droplet contact alone. The capacitance of the interface begins increasing significantly only upon application of sufficient voltage (>100mV), and capacitance then stabilizes within minutes. Further, the interfacial capacitance and area decreases when applied voltage is reduced back to 0mV, and droplets eventually return to their initial separated state. The fact that droplet adhesion and formation of the interface is voltage dependent and completely reversible clearly distinguishes a CSI from a DIB, and the novel polymer based interface is significantly more robust with average rupture potential of ≥ 800mV compared to 200–300mV with DIBs. Durable and stable CSIs could feasibly be used in applications ranging from sensing and energy harvesting to mechanical actuation. To demonstrate, this work introduces a new version of the DIB based hair cell sensor, now replacing lipids with block copolymers to provide greater durability, stability, and resistance to rupture when subjected to airflow. We calculate the current generated by the vibrating membranes in DIBs and CSIs to study the influence of surfactant selection on the hair cell durability and the related airflow operation range. We conclude that the hair cell constructed using triblock copolymer, as opposed to a DIB, withstands higher nominal airflow speeds (45m/s) and higher applied bias voltages (i.e. 0.1–1V) without rupturing. The ability to apply higher voltages provides a means of tuning the hair-cell sensitivity. Separately, the results of initial trials demonstrate the possibility for voltage-controlled shape change using networks of droplets and CSIs. The ability to apply large voltages and induce change in interfacial area leads to rearrangement of the droplet networks due to conservation of volume. Several embodiments of possible actuators based on this mechanism are discussed. In concert, the various aspects of this work highlight the potential use of CSIs in developing novel, reliable smart materials for sensing and actuation.
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