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Journal articles on the topic 'Black market Consumer behavior'
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Fomicheva, Irina, and V. Polyakov. "Models of Consumer Behavior on the Example of Generations." Scientific Research and Development. Economics 9, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-9111-2021-9-4-14-18.
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The article considers modern models of consumer behavior depending on the market situation in society: models of a rational consumer of the neoclassical school, a model of a socio-economic person, neoinstitutionalism, the doctrine of "libertarian paternalism" and a marketing model of a black box. A method for substantiating consumer behavior based on the concept of marketing experiences is proposed. The behavioral characteristics of people are considered on the example of generations BB, X, Y and Z. It is substantiated that it is the value basis that has formed among representatives of generations BB and Y that continues to have a significant impact on social networks and “opinion leaders”.
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Frank, Chris, Eric Simonne, Robert Nelson, Amarat Simonne, and Bridget Behe. "427 Factors Determining Consumer Preferences for Colored Bell Pepper." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 518A—518. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.518a.
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Most bell peppers produced and consumed in the United States are green in color. However, red, yellow, orange, brown, white, black, and purple bell pepper are also available. While bell pepper consumption has been increasing in the past 10 years, limited information is available on how color, retail price, and vitamin C influence consumer behavior. A conjoint analysis of 436 consumer responses showed that color (75%) and retail price (23%) were more important than vitamin C (3%) in shaping consumer purchase decision. Six consumer segments were identified. Segments II to V preferred green bell pepper, while segments I and VI favored the orange and brown color, respectively. Demographic variables were not good predictors of segment membership. However, previous purchases of bell pepper significantly affected the probability of membership in at least one segment. These results suggest that while green is the preferred color, a market exists for orange, red, and yellow peppers. Results on price sensitivity suggest that profits at the retail level are likely to increase by increasing the price of green peppers, and decresing that of the colored ones.
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Pentz, Chris D., Nic S. Terblanche, and Christo Boshoff. "Demographics and consumer ethnocentrism in a developing context: A South African study." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 17, no. 4 (August 29, 2014): 412–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v17i4.570.
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The continued growth in international trade results in the fact that consumers in many countries are exposed to increasing amounts of product offerings from various countries of origin. As the origin of products might have an influence on consumer behavior, many marketers realize that extended knowledge on consumer behavior toward both domestic and imported products can be useful in the formulation of more effective marketing strategies. Past research in the field of international marketing suggest that the concept of consumer ethnocentrism can be an influencing factor in the decision of consumers to purchase locally-produced rather than imported products. While the concept of consumer ethnocentrism has been actively researched in a number of contexts and countries, research on this phenomenon has been limited in developing countries. The present study aims to add to the existing body of knowledge on consumer ethnocentrism in developing markets by investigating the possible relationships between consumer ethnocentrism and a number of demographic variables in South Africa. A unique contribution of this study is that the investigation focused on two different samples in terms of race, namely on a sample of “white” respondents and a sample of “black” respondents to account for the ethnic diversity in South Africa. The results of the study revealed that for both groups of respondents there was a positive relationship between age and consumer ethnocentrism, while a negative relationship was found for both groups in terms of the relationship between consumer ethnocentrism and income. In terms of the relationship between consumer ethnocentrism and gender, the results differed between the two groups of respondents. The findings can be used rewardingly by marketers wishing to operate more successfully in developing markets, such as South Africa.
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De Visser-Amundson, Anna, Annemieke De Korte, and Simone Williams. "“Chill or thrill”: the impact of the “polarity paradox” on hospitality and tourism." Journal of Tourism Futures 2, no. 1 (March 14, 2016): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jtf-12-2015-0053.
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Purpose In a society of abundance, complexity, uncertainty and secularisation, consumers seek extreme market offerings. They thereby avoid the grey middle ground and rather seek white or black, or rather utopia or dystopia, in their experiences. This consumer behaviour is coined the Polarity Paradox. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of the Polarity Paradox on travel and tourism and specifically highlight how darker and dystopian type of tourism experiences can add value to the overall tourist experience. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on literature and trend report reviews to support the direction of the Polarity Paradox trend and the opportunities it presents to the hospitality and tourism industry. Findings Travellers do not seek only beauty and happiness when travelling. Examples of the thrilling or dystopian side of the Polarity Paradox clearly illustrate travellers’ emerging needs to look for the extreme. In fact, new travel and hospitality experiences are all about originality and understanding that whether the experience triggers positive or negative emotions matter less in a market where consumers want to be “shaken up”, surprised, taught something or seek a deeper meaning. The difference with the past is that these same thrill seeking tourists, also seek “white” and chilling experiences and that demands a new approach to market segmentation. Originality/value Until now, the Polarity Paradox has been described as a general consumer trend. In this paper, the authors are the first to analyse its possible impact on hospitality and tourism and in detail describe that black, dystopian and thrilling experiences can be positive when they trigger emotions and reactions meaningful to the traveller. The authors further show that “playing it safe” will not be the future to build successful hospitality and tourism experiences. The examples explore how the hospitality and tourism industry can add elements of “dystopia” and by doing that actually add value to the overall travel experience.
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Barboza, Gustavo. "Endogenous consumers’ preferences as drivers of green corporate social responsibility." Social Responsibility Journal 15, no. 4 (December 7, 2018): 424–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/srj-03-2018-0071.
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Purpose This paper’s main objective is to expand the demand-driven strategic field by developing a model where endogenization of consumers’ preferences for clean(er) products becomes the driver of the firm green corporate social responsible (GCSR) profit maximization behavior. Design/methodology/approach The model proposes that in undifferentiated markets, firms using a conventional technology manage production-related negative externalities via information asymmetries. In turn, when consumer socially responsible individuals (CnSR) discover the nature of the information asymmetries, they then reveal their preferences. The building block of the model is that CnSR derive value both from intrinsic as well as extrinsic product features, and derive negative satisfaction from the production negative externalities. In turn, CnSR preferences offer a higher willingness to pay for a combined intrinsic (private good and direct utility) and extrinsic (public good and feel good–do good utility) product. Findings The model demonstrates that the firm’s GCSR behavior is a technological-driven process directly affecting the extrinsic component of the product through the development of a safe technology, and exclusively targeting CnSR type of consumers. The corollary of the model is that for the firm pursuing a GCSR behavior, the development of a competitive advantage with higher firm performance leads to profit maximization when exclusively serving the GCSR segment of the market. Thus, GCSR is the result of unusual innovation efforts. Originality/value This paper presents a model that expands the field of strategic management through the demand-driven incorporation and respective modeling. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first model to explicitly develop this relationship in this format.
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Brewster, Zachary W., and Jonathan R. Brauer. "Tableside Justice: Racial Differences in Retributive Reactions to Dissatisfaction." Sociology of Race and Ethnicity 3, no. 3 (January 22, 2017): 383–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2332649216683966.
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Existing evidence indicates that racial discrimination is a common, if not pervasive, feature of Black Americans’ experiences in U.S. consumer markets. However, few studies have quantitatively explored specific social psychological and interactional consequences of consumer racial discrimination. In response, we draw from literatures on experiences, attributions, and reactions to racial discrimination to posit and test for Black-White differences in consumers’ behavioral responses to dissatisfactory dining experiences. Specifically, past research shows that Black Americans’ dissatisfactory experiences in consumer markets are more often perceived to be the result of consumer racial discrimination. Given their increased exposure to racial discrimination in consumer markets and the United States more broadly, we posit that Black customers will react more punitively to dissatisfactory restaurant experiences than White customers. We test this notion using a within-subject experimental design and regression analyses of survey data collected from a consumer panel of White and Black U.S. adults (n = 307). Results indicate that Black respondents in this sample are more likely than White respondents to penalize their server’s tips and lodge a complaint when dissatisfied with restaurant food and/or service. These findings are consistent with the prediction that Black American consumers tend to react more punitively on average to dissatisfactory consumer experiences than Whites and are consistent with prior scholarship linking coercive and unjust experiences to retributive behaviors. We conclude by discussing implications of these results and the need for further research on racial discrimination in U.S. restaurants and related consumer markets.
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Majerova, Jana, and Carlos Fernandes. "How to Make Phoenix to Arise from the Ashes: Brand Loyalty as a Prospective Pillar of Branding in Tourism after Crisis COVID-19." Littera Scripta 13, no. 2 (February 23, 2021): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.36708/littera_scripta2020/2/5.
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Current global situation has radically examined the applicability of many managerial patterns which have been created so far. The reason is that crisis COVID-19 has changed not only established frameworks of managerial practice but also functional frameworks of consumer behaviour. There is no guaranty of occurring forecasted scenarios of market development. Black swan has flown also over the brands which have been traditionally perceived as valuable. So, the aim of this paper is to discuss brand loyalty as a prospective pillar of brand value resuscitation in tourism and to identify relevant brand value sources significant to brands characterised by loyalty. On the case study of Slovak consumer perception of brand value sources, it is possible to verify so far formulated postulates and modified theories, which take into account relevance of national psychographic specifics. Primary data used in the presented study were obtained by our own survey carried out on the sample of 2,000 respondents. The given data were statistically evaluated by the factor analysis supported by implementation of KMO Test, Barlett's test of sphericity and calculation of Cronbach's Alpha for relevant brand loyalty sources in tourism. By providing this statistical evaluation of the results, it has been possible to identify relevant brand value sources which are suitable to modify methodological apparatus of brand value building and management.
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van Vliet, Nathalie, Maria Quiceno, Jessica Moreno, Daniel Cruz, John E. Fa, and Robert Nasi. "Is urban bushmeat trade in Colombia really insignificant?" Oryx 51, no. 2 (March 4, 2016): 305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605315001118.
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AbstractThe bushmeat trade in ecosystems in South America other than those within the Amazon basin is presumed to be insignificant, as alternative sources of protein (e.g. beef, chicken, fish) are considered to be more readily available in non-moist forests. However, studies and confiscation reports from countries such as Colombia suggest that bushmeat is consumed in a variety of ecosystems, although the nature of market chains, particularly in urban areas, is still unknown. We studied the urban bushmeat trade in markets in the five main ecoregions in Colombia. We recorded a total of 85 species, the most frequently traded being the paca Cuniculus paca, red brocket deer Mazama americana, grey brocket deer Mazama gouazoubira, capybara Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, armadillo Dasypus spp. and black agouti Dasyprocta fuliginosa. Most sales of wild meat occur through clandestine channels and involve a limited number of stakeholders. Bushmeat is a luxury product in urban areas of the Caribbean, the Pacific and the Andean regions. Further work is needed to quantify and monitor the volumes of bushmeat traded, comprehend motivations, explore ways of reducing threats, and engage with stakeholders to organize legal and sustainable use of bushmeat.
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Nascimento, Adriel L., Alan De L. Nascimento, Karina T. H. dos Santos, Renan G. Malikouski, Omar Schmildt, Rodrigo S. Alexandre, Márcio P. Czepak, et al. "Obtaining and Evaluating New Hybrids of Papaya Tree." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 7 (June 8, 2018): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n7p146.
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Due to the close genetic base in the papaya crop, the breeding programs seek new alternatives with agronomic characteristics desirable to the producer and fruit that meets the consumer desire. The objective of this work was to evaluate the behavior of new Hybrids in germplasm database maintenance units of the company Caliman Agrícola SA. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with 10 new elements (CP3 × SSAM; CP3 × UENF/Caliman 01; CP3 × JS 12; CP2 × SS32; JS 12 × SSAM) and one control, UENF/Caliman 01, four replicates and ten plants per plot. Tem hermaphrodite plants per plot were evaluated at eight and 12 months after planting, 16 characteristics focused on plant morphologies and biometry of fruits harvested at the maturation stage II (fruits with up to 25% of the yellow surface). The productivity of one year of harvest was also evaluated. Among the new hybrids evaluated, it is possible to detect the presence of productive characteristics and fruit quality that were interesting for the market, suggesting that they be evaluated for crop value and use for future launches as commercial hybrids. With interest for future market launch, we highlight CP3 × 72/12, CP2 × SS32, CP3 × Progeny Tainung and CP1 × Sekati which shows high average productivity.
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Nada, Mohamed, and Paolo Casale. "Sea turtle bycatch and consumption in Egypt threatens Mediterranean turtle populations." Oryx 45, no. 1 (January 2011): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605310001286.
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AbstractTurtle trade in the fish markets of Alexandria was reported up to the late 1990s, motivating conservation initiatives and enforcement of legal protection. To assess the current trade and bycatch levels in Alexandria and other ports we carried out an interview survey of 445 people in 2007, mostly fishermen and fishmongers, in 15 coastal cities and fishing ports along the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. The declared catch rates and official fishing fleet statistics suggest that captures of loggerhead Caretta caretta and green turtles Chelonia mydas are in the order of several thousands per year, possibly > 7,000 per year, mainly from trawling, longlining and set nets. Probably several hundred turtles die each year as a consequence of the high mortality rates typical of these fishing gears. In addition, most fishermen from Alexandria and some fishermen from other regions declared that they kill turtles for meat. Regulations and enforcement appear to be ineffective, as turtles are usually killed and consumed on board or only their meat is landed. Some turtles are still traded on the black market in some Alexandria fish markets. The overall mortality probably represents an unsustainable toll on the Mediterranean loggerhead and green turtle populations, and the perception of fishermen is that turtle numbers are declining. Mitigating the identified threats is thus urgent. In particular, intentional killing should be tackled through its cultural drivers, and measures to reduce bycatch mortality need to be tested and implemented.
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Zhamilya , Sartova. "Research on the Influence Mechanism of Joint Promotion on the Loyalty of the Main Brand." International Journal of Business and Management 13, no. 7 (June 17, 2018): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v13n7p222.
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As the economy of commodities continues to grow, people's living standards continue to increase, and the choice of turntables they face is also more abundant. The competition for businesses around the terminal market has become intense and fierce. The number of brands, the fierce market Jinzheng, the increase in similar product readings, and the increase in consumer choices, have also led to the continuous promotion of various promotions by various merchants.Effective control loyalty management method for a marketing manager is very important, but in the past literature I have not been able to study brand loyalty stand in the perspective of business managers. So to put it plainly that the current research on the support of brand loyalty management methods - the relationship between brand management behavior and brand loyalty - is a blank area, and few scholars have conducted in-depth research. In such a situation, it directly leads the managers of the company to have a full grasp of brand loyalty. In interviews with corporate brand managers, the authors found that brand managers really lack knowledge in this area and urgently need brand loyalty management methods. This article mainly studies the mechanism of the joint marketing promotion on the loyalty of the main brand. First of all, it summarizes the background significance of the research and the research status at home and abroad, and then explains the related theoretical concepts. Then it studies the concept, characteristics, and influencing factors of joint promotion, finally analyzes the ways of building brand loyalty, and proposes related strategies.
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Padeli, Padeli, Mulyati Mulyati, Muhammad Faisal, and Siska Debora. "E-CRM Mobile Applications To Improve Customer Loyalty (Case Study: PT Supermal Karawaci)." Aptisi Transactions on Management (ATM) 4, no. 1 (December 27, 2019): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/atm.v4i1.1083.
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Disruptive Technology is one of the backbones of Indutry4.0, In this era the company's large size is no longer a guarantee. Speed in adapting to the development and behavior of consumers is the main key. Therefore, companies must be sensitive and do self-introspection so they can detect their position in the midst of the development of science and technology in order to maintain their existence and have the opportunity to dominate the market. PT Supermall Karawaci, which is engaged in the retail business, needs to adapt and understand this rapid technological development, so for this business sector requires interaction with customers. The current system is good, but in some procedures that make customer service less than optimal and will be better if there is an effort so that customer loyalty can increase and of course the company's profit will increase. Therefore, the writers make this problem as a foundation in research and application development (E-CRM), the writers use the method of observation, elicitation, SWOT, Unified Modeling Language (UML), prototype and black box as methods of data collection, analysis, design and testing. For design, programming, web server and database, the writer uses Adobe XD applications, Android Studio, PHP, XAMPP and Microsoft SQL Server.
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Liu, Wei, Chenggu Li, Yao Tong, Jing Zhang, and Zuopeng Ma. "The Places Children Go: Understanding Spatial Patterns and Formation Mechanism for Children’s Commercial Activity Space in Changchun City, China." Sustainability 12, no. 4 (February 13, 2020): 1377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041377.
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In recent years, the demand for children’s activities has been increasing, and the children’s consumer market has expanded annually. A large number of urban commercial spaces for children’s activity that meet the needs of children’s activities have been built in Chinese cities. This paper analyzed the distribution of these spaces in Changchun City, divided children’s activity space into five categories, analyzed the distribution and spatial differentiation using ArcGIS tools, and discussed the formation mechanism of the spatial pattern of children’s activity space. The results show that: (a) The spatial agglomeration of children’s activity places in Changchun was remarkable and formed a multicore spatial pattern of three municipal and six district-level centers. (b) Different varieties of children’s activity places showed significant spatial differences with “center–periphery” and spatial distribution patterns and each block unit had specialized characteristics. (c) The diversification and social demand for children’s activities, children’s consumption (a new growth factor for the modern service industry), market competition for rent, coupling relationship with urban functional areas, traffic convenience and accessibility, and changes of children’s activity behavior patterns and preferences were the main factors that influence commercial children’s activity space in Changchun. (d) The inequitable spatial distribution of children’s activities, the poor accessibility of children’s activity places, the lack of outdoor places and natural elements, the excessive concentration of children’s activities, and the lack of reasonable guidance of children’s commercial activity places in the city pose challenges for daily activities of urban children. Based on these results, this paper put forward some constructive policy suggestions, such as the planned addition of children’s public places and children’s outdoor places, enriched green and natural elements of children’s places, the construction of children’s activities facilities in residential areas, and the addition of children’s activity facilities in the compulsory standards for urban construction.
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Andriukaitienė, Regina. "ORGANIZACIJOS IR DARBUOTOJO SOCIALINĖ ELGSENA: KLAUSIMYNO SUBSKALIŲ PATIKRA." Laisvalaikio tyrimai 2, no. 2 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33607/elt.v2i2.186.
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Theoretical substantiation. Lithuania, as an EU member contributing to the Lisbon strategy, aims at building a competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy, grounded on sustainable economic development, harmonious relations between business, government and civil society. It has approved CSR development vision and development as well as implementation of its priority areas (Astromskiene, Adamoniene, 2009). Social responsibility of the organization is also integrally linked with the organization’s management culture represented by the criteria such as scientific knowledge management, the ability to apply leadership activities, perception of its own role in organizational and social structures, the organization of processes, personal culture and leadership. These are the factors which provide conditions for socially responsible, environmentally sustainable organizational behavior (Andriukaitiene, 2013). According to Z. Simanaviciene, A. Simanavicius and R. Kovaliov (2012), companies that decide to implement the concept of corporate social responsibility first need to define the priority of the area of corporate social responsibility: social responsibility to employees, social responsibility to the local community, social responsibility to the environment and expansion of the company’s value. According to the authors, companies implementing the company’s social responsibility (hereinafter CSR) have to understand that only innovative, high-quality producing and the best consumer-oriented companies can expect to increase their competitiveness and market value after implementing CSR, in particular regarding the positive attitude of the population and willingness to buy their products. V. Juscius and A. Sneideriene (2013) highlight that CSR practice helps to obtain “the public license to operate”, take into account environmental and social issues, create success measurement tools, enhance the brand, improve the company’s financial activities, attract and retain the best employees, increase productivity, improve the quality of goods and services, avoid legal violations, raise capital, avoid public discontent. According to R. Ciegis and R. Norkute (2012), larger organizations uniting more employees as well as providing their goods or services to a greater consumer market are interested in and aim to implement company’s social responsibility. The object of the survey was the reliability of the questionnaire subscales. The aim of study was to verify the organization’s and the employee’s social behaviour questionnaire subscales and their methodological characteristics. The following research objectives were set to achieve the aim: 1) to discuss theoretical aspects of the corporate social responsibility; 2) to validate the reliability of scales and their methodological characteristics; 3) to compare the methodological characteristics of the questionnaire scales Methods Scientific literature analysis and questionnaire survey methods were used. These methods were used for empirical data processing: factorization (primary and secondary), psychometric characteristics for the determination of the reliability of scales. The study sample consisted of 1717 respondents representing all layers of the organization’s staff according to the positions. The survey was conducted in two industrial company groups with 1915 employees in total (1030 and 885 employees) during the study period. The survey nature and terms were combined with the group of companies’ senior management. The empirical study was conducted using article author’s developed questionnaire. The survey carried out in July – August of 2013. The study data was processed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) programme (Version 21). Findings. Results of this study are one of the constituent parts of the research “Establishment of management culture level in order to implement the concept of a socially responsible company”. Only the methodological characteristics of the social responsibility unit scales of the questionnaire are provided in this article. The study results confirmed that the organization’s social behavior and employees’ social behavior scales can be used separately from the management culture block in the questionnaire. Both social responsibility scales matched reliability and validation requirements and no significant differences between the quality characteristics of these scales were observed. The calculations show that the questionnaire is adequate to diagnose the company’s readiness to become socially responsible.
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Pllana, Mustafe, and Saranda Tufa. "Fish Market, Consumption and Consumer Behavior." International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 7, no. 2 (April 2018): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2018040103.
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This article describes how fish is a primary source of nutrition and fisheries are a primary source of income. The health benefits for people eating fish are: reduction of risk of heart attack, lower blood pressure, reduction of risk of cancer, balancing dietary cholesterol and other health benefits. In addition to health, recreational fishing activity are contributing to a healthier population, where millions of people are finding pleasure but also sporting the fishing industry. Trend growth is expected in the future, even in developed countries. Factors which affect fish consumption are: culture and tradition, market, e.g. economic conditions, price, and income; personal factors e.g. taste, smell, bones, habit, awareness of health impact, ignorance of preparation; knowledge of these factors, views, preferences regarding fish. Kosovo has around 1,8 million inhabitants, with a fish consumption per capita of 0,8 kg of fish per year. This article will examine consumer behavior at Kosovo fish markets, based on data collected from the field research.
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Akulich, Maria M., Ilona V. Ilyina, and Sergey S. Gubin. "Consumer Behavior on the Book Market." Siberian Socium 2, no. 2 (2018): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2587-8484-2018-2-2-45-53.
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Přibyl, Martin, Ladislav Stejskal, Ondřej Dufek, and Klára Ondrášková. "Consumer behavior on the media market." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 57, no. 6 (2009): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200957060225.
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The paper deals with a correlation between factors identifying a household representative and frequency of media usage. Particularly it concentrates on the analysis of internet and daily press usage. Internet is a constantly developing communication channel which is increasingly used in the field of marketing communication and contributes to the development of business environment. Due to its characteristics it is an ideal mean for multilingual communication and communication on international markets. The daily press is on the other hand a representative of traditional media. It is perceived by public as a more natural communication channel. The paper seeks an answer to the question which communication channel is more suitable to communicate with a particular target group – press or the internet. The paper tests the correlation between identification factors and frequency of internet and press presence. Testing will be carried out by using a database obtained in a primary research conducted by the Department of Marketing and Trade at the Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno. Results published in the paper are part of research objective, id. code: 62156 48904 “The Czech Republic in the process of integration and globalization and the evolution of agrarian and service sectors in the new conditions of the European integrated market”, thematic area 03 “The evolution of trade relationships regarding changes in a life style and purchasing behaviour and changes of business environment in the process of integration and globalization” that is conducted with a financial support of Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports.
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이은경 and Jung Ok Jeon. "Evolving Black Consumer: Co-Offending Behavior of Black Consumers." Korean Journal of Consumer and Advertising Psychology 15, no. 3 (August 2014): 435–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21074/kjlcap.2014.15.3.435.
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Forbes-Bell, Shakaila, Aurore C. Bardey, and Patrick Fagan. "Testing the effect of consumer-model racial congruency on consumer behavior." International Journal of Market Research 62, no. 5 (July 29, 2019): 599–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470785319865892.
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Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic (BAME) models continue to be underrepresented in advertising within the fashion and beauty industry. The present research project aims to evaluate the impact of same-raced model adverts on consumer behavior as well as testing consumer-model racial congruence with a specific focus on Black models and consumers, the latter of whom feel especially underrepresented in advertising campaigns. Two studies were conducted. In Study 1, 120 female participants (38 Black, 82 Caucasian) viewed 28 perfume advertisements featuring 14 Black and 14 Caucasian models. Participants rated their likelihood of purchasing the perfume and how much money they would be willing to spend. In Study 2, 99 female participants (34 Black, 65 Caucasian) made the same ratings in Study 1, but this time they rated images fragrances without any models present. Participants were divided into three conditions: (1) participants who received no priming, (2) participants were primed with images of Black models, and (3) participants were primed with images of Caucasian models. Both studies highlighted that Black participants showed an increased intention of buying as well as a willingness to spend a higher amount of money when the product advertised is accompanied by images of Black models. Consumer-model racial congruence was not supported for Caucasian participants. This article highlights a participant-model racial congruence for Black participants and underlines the positive impact of inclusive fashion on BAME consumers.
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Pllana, Mustafe, and Arbenita Qosa. "The Bottled Water Market and Consumer Behavior." International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 7, no. 1 (January 2018): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2018010104.
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This article describes how packaged water consumption has risen sharply in the world over the past 30 years. It is the most dynamic sector of the food and drink industry. The growth of bottled water sales is the contribution of the marketing activities, promotion, and aggressive sales. Is there a difference between bottled water and tap water? Opinions are divided. Some are for bottled water, some for tap water. World consumption of bottled water in 2013 was 70,371.6 million gallons or more than consumption in 2008 for 6.2%. Kosovo is a small country with a small purchasing power. In recent years, Kosovo has increased the use of packaged water by the population, due to a lack of viable drinking water running to the water network, and also as a result of social changes and the mentality of people. This article will deal with Kosovo's market developments, consumer behavior and factors that affect the behavior of purchases.
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Steblyuk, N., and Ye Kopeikina. "Consumer behavior research in the education market." Economic Herald of the Donbas, no. 3 (57) (2019): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2019-3(57)-109-114.
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Turčínková, Jana, and Jana Stávková. "Consumer behavior on the market with food." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 54, no. 6 (2006): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200654060199.
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The paper deals with consumer behavior on the market with selected food products. It focuses on expenditures on food, development of prices and comparison of results among EU countries. When comparing the development of consumer prices and incomes in 1990–2003, it is obvious that the growth of income was lower then the total increase of consumer prices. There were not only changes in price levels, but also in the structure of consumer expenditures, where we can see growth of expenditures for housing and decline in share of expenditures for food. In the Czech Republic, there was a decrease in consumption of beef and pork meet, and increase in poultry consumption. The consumption of fish is significantly below the EU average. Consumption of butter, potatoes and sugar reaches the similar level as the EU average. The analysis of motives for changes in consumption of selected foodstuffs provides some insight in reasons for changes in consumption of bakery products and sweets, where it mostly is the healthy lifestyle (motive for whole-grain bakery product consumption) and improved market offer and advertising (for sweets and durable bakery products). Changes in meat consumption are motivated by healthy lifestyle for poultry and fish and improved market offer and advertising for canned meat products and salamis. Advertising and improved market offer played an important role for changes in consumption of yoghurts and cheeses, healthy lifestyle caused changes of yoghurts and milk. In category of selected beverages, it were advertising and improved market offer the motives for change of consumption of tea, wine and mineral waters, while healthy lifestyle motivated the change of mineral water consumption.
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Amberg, Nora, and Csaba Fogarassy. "Green Consumer Behavior in the Cosmetics Market." Resources 8, no. 3 (July 30, 2019): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources8030137.
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Consumers and producers are becoming more open to the usage of natural cosmetics. This can be seen in them using a variety of natural cosmetic resources and materials. This fact is further supported by the trend of environmental and health awareness. These phenomena can be found within both the producers’ and the consumers’ behavior. Our research supports that green or natural products’ role in the cosmetics industry is getting more and more pronounced. The role of science is to determine the variables suggesting the consumer to change to natural cosmetics. The primary aim of our research is to find out to what extent the characteristics of the consumption of organic foods and natural cosmetics differ. We would like to know what factors influence consumer groups when buying green products. The novelty of the analyses is mainly that consumers were ordered into clusters, based on consuming bio-foodstuffs and preferring natural cosmetics. The cluster analysis has multiple variables, namely: Consumer behavior in light of bio-product, new natural cosmetics brand, or health- and environmental awareness preferences. The data was collected using online questionnaire, exclusively in Hungary during April–May of 2018. 197 participants answered our questions. The results of descriptive statistics and the cluster analysis show that there are consumers who prefer natural cosmetics, whereas some of them buy traditional ones. A third group use both natural and ordinary cosmetics. The results suggest that on the market of cosmetic products, health and environmental awareness will be a significant trend for both producer and consumer behavior, even in the future. However, it will not necessarily follow the trends of the foodstuffs industry, as the health effect spectrum of cosmetics is far shorter. In the future, the palette of natural cosmetics will become much wider. The main reason for this will be the appearance of green cosmetics materials and environmentally friendly production methods (mostly for packaging). The consumers will also have the possibility to choose the ones that suit them the most.
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Newerli-Guz, Joanna. "Consumer Behavior on the Branded Clothes Market." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego. Problemy Zarządzania, Finansów i Marketingu 38 (2015): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/pzfm.2015.38-03.
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Kiseleva, Irina Anatolievna. "Modeling Consumer Behavior in a Market Economy." Revista Gestão Inovação e Tecnologias 11, no. 4 (July 10, 2021): 402–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/revistageintec.v11i4.2116.
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Singleton, Chelsea R., William Opoku-Agyeman, Ermanno Affuso, Monica L. Baskin, Emily B. Levitan, Bisakha Sen, and Olivia Affuso. "WIC Cash Value Voucher Redemption Behavior in Jefferson County, Alabama, and Its Association With Fruit and Vegetable Consumption." American Journal of Health Promotion 32, no. 2 (September 26, 2017): 325–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117117730807.
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Purpose: To examine cash value voucher (CVV) redemption behavior and its association with fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption among women who participate in the Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Jefferson County, Alabama. Participants: Between October 2014 and January 2015, 300 women (mean age: 27.6 years; 66.8% non-Hispanic black; 45.1% obese) who participated in the Birmingham WIC program were surveyed. Measures: Self-reported information on demographics, produce shopping behaviors, and residential access to fresh produce retailers (eg, supermarkets and farmers markets) was examined. Fruit and vegetable intake was collected via the Block Fruit–Vegetable–Fiber screener. Participants who self-reported redeeming the WIC CVV in each of the 3 prior months were classified as regular redeemers. Analysis: Multivariable-adjusted regression models were used to examine associations between variables of interest and regular WIC CVV redemption. Results: There were 189 (63.0%) study participants classified as regular WIC CVV redeemers. Regular redeemers and other participants (ie, irregular redeemers and nonredeemers) were similar with respect to demographics. Regular redeemers were more likely to use grocery stores to purchase FVs ( P = .003) and consumed significantly more servings of FVs per day (β = .67; standard error = 0.24; P = .007). Conclusion: Regular WIC CVV redemption was associated with some produce shopping behaviors and increased FV consumption and among WIC participants in Jefferson County, Alabama.
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Pulsford, Will. "A reserves driven view of the eastern Australian gas supply and demand balance through the 2020's." APPEA Journal 57, no. 2 (2017): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj16217.
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The Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) issued a Gas Statement of Opportunities in March 2016, which reports that gas supply to the domestic and liquefied natural gas markets in eastern Australia will be largely satisfied by proved and probable reserves until 2026 and by the addition of contingent resources until 2030. However, in parallel, there are widely reported concerns by energy consumers of insufficient gas supplies to meet demand by the early 2020s and a lack of new gas supplies to replace existing expiring contracts. Gas shortages have already contributed to black outs and load shedding events in South Australia. This paper reviews the eastern Australian gas supply position at a basin level. The AEMO basin level supply forecasts are reviewed and adjusted to generate forward profiles, which are consistent with reported reserves levels, production histories and depletion behaviour of typical gas fields. The revised supply forecast is compared with the AEMO’s demand profiles, and the likely commercial behaviour of key participants in the market is considered to build a picture of the domestic gas supply-demand balance through the 2020s. This analysis provides a transparent link from market outcomes back to the underlying reserves classifications to guide interpretation of supply-demand forecasts, and highlights the critical role of key suppliers in the eastern Australian gas market in the coming decade.
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Pllana, Mustafa, Iliriana Miftari, Njazi Bytyqi, and Vetim Hyseni. "The Market of Eggs, Consumption, and Consumer Behavior." International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 4, no. 2 (April 2015): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2015040102.
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Eggs are a traditional food with a high consumption per head even in economically developed countries with high living standard. Due to “cholesterol phobia” efforts were made to decrease the cholesterol content in the egg, but without success. Thus began research to improve the nuntrional quality of eggs, reposition them in safety and healthy food products. Today in markets there are organic eggs, vegetarian, nutrient enhaced eggs (omega-3, vitamin enhanced), for what is in order to expected increase of consumption. Consumption of eggs depends on various factors such as economic, cultural, religious, habits of feed and so on. Knowledge of these factors, as well as the opinions, views, preferences of consumers regarding eggs, nutritional values, will help in development of thr relevant marketing programs, that would be successful and profitable. Kosovo has less than two million inhabitants, with an egg consumption per capita of 180 eggs per year.This paper will treat consumer behavior at the Kosovo market of eggs, based on data collected from the field research
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Kapsdorferová, Z., and Ľ. Nagyová. "Consumer behavior at the Slovak dairy market ." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 51, No. 8 (February 20, 2012): 362–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5120-agricecon.
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The marketing concept in the Slovak dairy industry used to be production focused and the only task was to produce the cheap bulk commodities. Nowadays markets become more and more segmented. The number of foreign and domestic competitors has increased enormously. This new market approach requires: improved product quality, the sales management with good customer relations and effective marketing information system to collect data about customer needs and competition. The consumers represent the last but the most important component within the food chain. Therefore, they deserve a special attention. The study of consumers helps firms and organizations to improve their marketing strategies by the understanding of the issues such as consumers thinking, influence of the consumer by the environment or consumers’s shopping behavior. The answers serve to marketers to adapt and improve their marketing campaigns and marketing strategies in order to reach the consumer needs in the most appropriate way. The role of the marketing in the future in the dairy industry will be focused around two main topics: market segmentation and price differentiation.
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Mazzoni, Clelia, Laura Castaldi, and Felice Addeo. "Consumer behavior in the Italian mobile telecommunication market." Telecommunications Policy 31, no. 10-11 (November 2007): 632–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2007.07.009.
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Chen, Andy W. "Consumer stockpiling behavior in the retail gasoline market." International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research 30, no. 4 (February 18, 2020): 460–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593969.2020.1724557.
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Aguiar, Luis, Jörg Claussen, and Christian Peukert. ""Online Copyright Enforcement, Consumer Behavior, and Market Structure"." Academy of Management Proceedings 2015, no. 1 (January 2015): 12729. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2015.12729abstract.
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Houston, Jack, Nashwa Al-Mazrooei, and Chung Huang. "Consumer Behavior and Fish Market Development in Oman." Journal of International Food & Agribusiness Marketing 9, no. 4 (September 3, 1998): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j047v09n04_04.
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Gerrard, Philip, and J. Barton Cunningham. "Consumer switching behavior in the Asian banking market." Journal of Services Marketing 18, no. 3 (May 2004): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/08876040410536512.
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Trivedi, Shivam. "Analyzing Consumer Disloyalty Behavior in Constantly Evolving Market." AIMS International Journal of Management 14, no. 3 (December 23, 2020): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.26573/2020.14.3.2.
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Milley, Donald J. "Consumer Demand by Black Americans." Review of Black Political Economy 15, no. 3 (January 1987): 87–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02903994.
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This article investigates the consumption patterns of black Americans for five different commodity groups: food, housing, clothing, health care, and transportation. The black consumer's demand for these products is hypothesized as describable by the linear expenditure system. The system allows the investigation of changing relative commodity prices and income. The system also establishes a basic consumption bundle as an estimable parameter of the system. The basic bundle allows for changes in composition due to increased product familiarity, habit formation, and emulation by black consumers. Product familiarity and habit-formation play a role in determining the black consumer's demand for the commodities food, housing, and clothing. This demand is also partially determined by the consumer's “emulation” of consumption standards established by society in general. The article is not a comparison study of black-white differences in consumer behavior; however, the possible existence of an emulation effect in black consumer behavior suggests an interrelation of black-white consumer welfare which might fruitfully be studied by future researchers.
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Grybś-Kabocik, Marta. "CONSUMER MISBEHAVIOR IN TOURISM MARKET." CBU International Conference Proceedings 4 (September 21, 2016): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v4.752.
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The activities of misbehaving customers represent a significant problem for organizations across diverse sectors and industries. Their need for satisfaction is the most important driver of consumer behavior with the consumer choosing how they fulfill this need. Unfortunately, consumer decisions often lead to consumer misbehavior and negative effects on the service provider or on other consumers. Consumer misbehavior is difficult to control. First, it is not always possible to prove misbehavior of a particular consumer. On the other hand, preventive actions, like social campaigns, may not always reach the target audience. Moreover, neither service provider regulations nor monitoring of infrastructure sufficiently prevents consumers from misbehaving in every case. It seems, however, that the consumers who reject the fraudulent behavior of others have a crucial role in the fight against consumer misbehavior, as they are constant observers of this phenomenon and can react immediately. The aim of this article, therefore, is to present the concept of consumer misbehavior with examples relating to the tourism market. Moreover, the attitudes of consumers towards consumer misbehavior are examined through nethnographic research.
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Steenkamp, Jan-Benedict E. M., and Steven M. Burgess. "Optimum stimulation level and exploratory consumer behavior in an emerging consumer market." International Journal of Research in Marketing 19, no. 2 (June 2002): 131–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8116(02)00063-0.
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Smerichevskyi, Serhii, Tetiana Kniazieva, Yuriy Kolbushkin, Irina Reshetnikova, and Anna Olejniczuk- Merta. "Environmental orientation of consumer behavior: motivational component." Problems and Perspectives in Management 16, no. 2 (June 23, 2018): 424–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.16(2).2018.38.
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Environmental issues are a priority, since global environmental problem has become perceived as a threat to humanity’s existence. The necessity and timeliness of conceptual marketing approaches revision are dictated by the formation of new economy sector of ecological goods and services, and the environmentally responsible marketing concept is being formed. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the environmental factor influence on consumer behavior motives and formation of consumer demand for environmental products within the frame of environmentally responsible marketing. Changes in the external marketing environmentlead to changes in the internal environment of the market entity, causing its environmental development. The recorded tendencies and changes in the marketing environment form the marketing ecological imperative, which takes into account the environmental factor in marketing activity of the market player. The research allows to determine the position of ecologically responsible marketing as a basic marketing concept that defines the philosophy and technology of marketing management by socio-economic systems regardless the sphere of the market entity activity in conditions of ecological imperative. The analysis shows that the modern Ukrainian society began to strive not only to purchase and consume desired products, but also to improve and to preserve the ecological situation. In a market environment, the specific marketing activity feature, which changes under the influence of the factor of ecological situation quality deterioration, adds new tasks, concomitant to main classical. The development of the enterprise environmental management system will promote the implementation of environment-oriented goals: formalization of the environmental products concept, environmental products market development, certification programs development, preservation of the environment quality, formation of ecologically oriented consciousness of the society. Considering the understanding of the needs, the motivational aspects of ecologically oriented consumer behavior in the market are stated in the form of the system based on the need for the security. Through the development of eco-responsible marketing tools and their step-by-step introduction into enterprise activity, it becomes possible to develop the ecological products market through the implementation of proactive environmental activity and satisfaction of individual consumer demand.
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Casola, Luca, Simon Kemp, and Alexander Mackenzie. "Consumer decisions in the black market for stolen or counterfeit goods." Journal of Economic Psychology 30, no. 2 (April 2009): 162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2008.06.002.
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Baziana, Sotiria, Eirini Tzimitra-Kalogianni, Aristotelis Batzios, and Ourania Tremma. "Consumer Behavior Towards Delicatessen Products and Branding Influence." International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 12, no. 4 (October 2021): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsesd.2021100104.
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It is a fact that branding is a tool for the business to get stronger and also embrace sustainability, which can apply to the delicatessen product market. In addition, the demand of delicatessen products has increased as new trends emerged. Greek businesses have successfully entered the market, advertising the superiority of delicatessen products. The aim of this paper is to provide better understanding of consumer behaviour towards delicatessen products. This is achieved through the views of market experts and a research on consumers investigating how branding influences them. The findings show that there are differences between market experts' opinions and consumers' preferences, which can contribute to the holistic development of the delicatessen market. Finally, this study may provide a basis for a survey of a larger sample of delicatessen firms nationwide and contributes important knowledge to enhance further development in the delicatessen sector and in the management and marketing approach of the market of Thessaloniki.
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Hosni, Hanin, Henk Kievit, Periklis D. Drakos, George Angelakis, and Gert van Dijk. "Measuring Tourist Attitudes and Consumer Behavior." International Journal of Food and Beverage Manufacturing and Business Models 3, no. 2 (July 2018): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijfbmbm.2018070103.
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This article explores the general profile and behavior of tourists coming to Crete, and shows how qualitative, multistate data from a tourist survey can be used in market segmentation research using explanatory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and cluster analysis. The primary audience for this study consists of tourism industry practitioners interested in a practical, cost-effective approach to market segmentation analysis. For this study, around 2100 questionnaires were given to tourists who were about to leave Chania at the end of their stay during the 2017 touristic season. After collecting the data and preparing the final database a descriptive data analysis was conducted. Then factor analysis was applied using the principal component analysis (PCA) method. The next step was to apply a cluster analysis with the K-means method. Finally, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the goodness of fit of a prior specified model based on previous studies. The CFA results confirmed that there are clearly two different types of tourists: those who consider Crete as a relaxation destination and those who consider it for recreation activities. These results provide hotel managers with a clearer understanding of the current market segmentation which is useful in terms of pricing decisions. This article fulfills a need to study the tourist's behaviours and profiles in Crete and to classify them according to their activities, needs and budgets.
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Baziana, Sotiria, and Eirini Tzimitra-Kalogianni. "Investigation of Consumer Behavior." International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 7, no. 1 (January 2016): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsesd.2016010103.
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Evidence shows that sustainability not only helps a business case getting stronger, but also embraces a sustainability agenda which can stimulate innovation, pushing companies to rethink their operations, products and business models. In addition, during the past few years the demand for organic wine has increased and many Greek businesses have entered the market, advertising the superiority of organic wine. The main objective of this study is to portray the need for an implementation of new technologies in the distribution and supply of organic wine in the city of Xanthi. Furthermore, the investigation of consumers' attitude will constitute the basis for further development of business strategies regarding sustainability and innovation in the agri-food chain. From the quantitative and qualitative data, the statistical analysis will provide findings on consumer behavior, attitudes, new trends, and factors that affect the choice of organic wine. Finally, the current paper is indicative of the general consumer stance towards organic-products.
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Aslihan Nasir, V., and Fahri Karakaya. "Consumer segments in organic foods market." Journal of Consumer Marketing 31, no. 4 (June 3, 2014): 263–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-01-2014-0845.
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Purpose – The aim of this study is to examine profiles of consumers in organic foods market segments and determine their attitudes toward organic food consumption. Consequently, we explore whether there are differences among these consumer segments in terms of their health orientation, socially responsible consumption, environmental responsibility and values and lifestyles. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 316 consumers were surveyed at supermarkets and malls in one of the largest metropolitan areas of a European city. Findings – The cluster analysis performed indicates that there are three segments based on consumer attitudes toward organic foods: favorable, neutral and unfavorable. The results show that the consumer segment with more favorable attitudes toward organic foods exhibits higher levels of health orientation and socially responsible consumption behavior when compared to other segments. Practical implications – It important for marketers to understand organic foods market segments so that they can target them with the appropriate marketing mix. For this reason, we attempt to identify consumer segments based on their attitudes and behavior concerning organic foods. In doing so, we examine the profiles of consumers in each organic food market segment and their attitudes toward organic food consumption. Originality/value – Organic food consumption is growing at a fast pace despite economic problems around the world. This study has identified three market segments (consumer profiles) with different attitudes and behavior towards organic foods.
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Price, Linda L., Lawrence F. Feick, and Audrey Guskey. "Everyday Market Helping Behavior." Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 14, no. 2 (September 1995): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074391569501400207.
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Research in marketing includes many examples of consumers helping other consumers. However, most research has studied helping behavior from the recipients’ perspective by examining the use of personal sources of information. Consequently, very little is known about the prevalence of market helping or why market helpers provide assistance. The authors examine the incidence of a variety of everyday market helping activities and identify a few key antecedents of market helping behavior. The results of a study of 302 heads of household confirm significant relationships between market helping and two hypothesized predictors: general altruism and marketplace involvement. The market maven construct is shown to mediate completely the relationship of these predictors with market helping behavior. The authors discuss the implications of the results for public policymakers and consumer welfare.
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Turčínková, Jana, and Jana Stávková. "Changes in consumer behavior on the market with food." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 57, no. 3 (2009): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200957030173.
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Czech Republic has experienced significant changes on the market with food in last two decades. The paper presents summary of results of conducted analyses focusing on changes in levels of most important food categories, changes in consumer preferences, and suggests what trends we can expect in the near future. The analyses were based on date from Czech Statistical Office Yearbooks, EUROSTAT, INCOMA and GfK, and data from primary researches conducted on sample of total 2522 households in the Czech Republic through questionnaire researches in 2005, 2006 and 2007. The results show that in the Czech Republic, the ratio of expenditures for food out of total consumer expenditures is slowly decreasing and advances to (still lower) level typical for traditional EU countries. We have experienced growth of demand for products with higher added value; customers put more emphasis on perceived quality, longer durability and special product characteristics. Czech consumers increase their consumption of vegetables and fruit, bottled beverages, wine and alcoholic beverages, cheese, they decreased their consumption of meat (in total), milk and potatoes, stagnation was typical for bakery products, sugar and fats and oils. Development in all social classes was very similar. For the future, we can expect growing interest for food products in smaller packages and targeted at specific needs, growing demand for food products with higher added value, consumption of food formerly unusual for the Czech, more frequent out-of-home eating, and growing differences between individual segments of social groups, mainly due to uneven income distribution.
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Kerr, Sougata, and Lucia Dunn. "Consumer Search Behavior in the Changing Credit Card Market." Journal of Business & Economic Statistics 26, no. 3 (July 2008): 345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/073500107000000133.
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Robson, Karen, Leyland Pitt, and Asa Wallstrom. "Creative market segmentation: understanding the bugs in consumer behavior." Journal of Public Affairs 13, no. 2 (May 2013): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pa.1477.
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Sobolieva-Tereshchenko, Olena, and Nikita Pylkin. "MARKET BEHAVIOR OF FINANCIAL COMPANIES AND FINANCIAL CONSUMER PROTECTION." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEW ECONOMICS, PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND LAW 2, no. 4 (May 5, 2019): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31264/2545-093x-2019-2(4)-5-16.
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Shimizu, Akio, and Keisuke Hanaki. "The Paper Recycling Market and Consumer Behavior in Japan." ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH 26 (1998): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/proer1988.26.95.
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