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1

Cherian, SujithV, SuryaS Palakuru, and Praveen Vijhani. "Black Pleural Effusion." Research in Cardiovascular Medicine 7, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/rcm.rcm_24_17.

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2

Thampy, E., and S. V. Cherian. "Black pleural effusion." QJM 109, no. 11 (2016): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcw150.

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3

Jayakrishnan, B., Babar Dildar, Dawar M. Rizavi, Saif M. Al Mubaihsi, and Adil Al Kindi. "Black pleural effusion." Lancet 386, no. 9995 (2015): e7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(14)62003-1.

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4

Saraya, Takeshi, Richard W. Light, Hajime Takizawa, and Hajime Goto. "Black Pleural Effusion." American Journal of Medicine 126, no. 7 (2013): 641.e1–641.e6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2012.11.017.

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Cole, Randolph P. "Black Pleural Effusion." American Journal of Medicine 126, no. 12 (2013): e19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2013.07.034.

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6

Chhabra, Akansha, Vikramjit Mukherjee, Mudit Chowdhary, Mauricio Danckers, and David Fridman. "Black Pleural Effusion: A Unique Presentation of Metastatic Melanoma." Case Reports in Oncology 8, no. 2 (2015): 222–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000430907.

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Metastatic melanoma is a rare form of skin cancer, but one that comes with a high mortality rate. Pulmonary involvement is frequently seen in metastatic melanoma with only 2% of malignant melanoma patients with thorax metastasis presenting with pleural effusions. Herein, we report an extremely rare case of black pleural effusion from thoracic metastasis of cutaneous malignant melanoma. A 74-year-old man with known metastatic melanoma presented with a 1-month history of worsening lower back and hip pain and was found to have extensive osseous metastatic disease and multiple compression fracture
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7

Nair, Avinash Anil, Richa Gupta, Thomas Alex Kodiatte, and Leena Robinson Vimala. "Silicosis related pleural effusion: black spots in pleura." BMJ Case Reports 18, no. 3 (2025): e264558. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2024-264558.

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A male patient in his 70s, who had previously worked as a bricklayer, presented with worsening shortness of breath on exertion and cough for 6 months. He had lost weight, and a respiratory examination suggested a right pleural effusion. Routine evaluation was unremarkable. Sputum examination for tuberculosis was negative; hence, a contrast-enhanced CT of the thorax was performed, which revealed features of silicosis with pleural effusion. Pleural fluid analysis was inconclusive; hence, a medical thoracoscopy was performed, which showed black nodules over the parietal pleura, which were biopsie
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Yadav, Rajesh Kumar, Jitendra Kumar Saini, Prabhpreet Sethi, and Rohit Sarin. "A Rare Case of Bronchial Anthracofibrosis with Pleural Anthracosis Presented as Recurrent Pleural Effusion." Case Reports in Pulmonology 2019 (August 28, 2019): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2982763.

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A fifty-eight-year-old, nonsmoker Indian male presented with recurrent left pleural effusion. He had history of dry cough, exertional breathlessness for the last two years. He denied any occupational exposure or second hand smoke exposure. His physical examination demonstrated decreased breath sounds on the left side of chest. Cardiac evaluation was unremarkable. Diagnostic pleural aspiration revealed straw coloured fluid, exudative, and nonmalignant in nature. CT-imaging of the chest demonstrated left pleural effusion, nodular parenchymal infiltrates in bilateral lungs, plate like atelectasis
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9

Liao, W. C., C. H. Chen, and C. Y. Tu. "Black pleural effusion in melanoma." Canadian Medical Association Journal 182, no. 8 (2010): E314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.091312.

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10

Jagannath, Spandana, and Ashok Kumar. "Black pleural effusion: an unusual complication of pseudocyst pancreas." International Surgery Journal 8, no. 7 (2021): 2238. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20212747.

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Pleural effusion following rupture of pancreatic pseudocyst into the pleural cavity resulting into pancreaticopleural fistula is an extremely uncommon complication of acute pancreatitis. Pancreaticopleural fistula also results from disruption of a major pancreatic duct usually due to an underlying pancreatic disease (chronic pancreatitis), trauma, or iatrogenic injury. Pleural effusion is predominantly left sided; however, right-sided and bilateral effusion occurs in 19% and 14% of patients respectively. The pleural effusate can be either serous, serosanguinous or black in colour. Analysis of
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11

Pyae, Phyoe Kyaw, Rigers Cama, Andrew G. Nicholson, and Rama Vancheeswaran. "Curious case of the unexplained exudative pleural effusion." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 9 (2021): e245796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-245796.

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We report a case of a 74-year-old male patient who was referred to the respiratory clinic with an incidental finding of a left sided pleural effusion. He was initially being treated by the general practitioner for chest infection with productive cough that had limited resolution after course of oral antibiotics. At the pleural clinic, 1.5 L of serosanguineous fluid was drained and sent for diagnostics. However, the diagnosis only reached as far as idiopathic exudative effusion with lymphocytes and plasma cells. He was then referred for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery pleural biopsy and pl
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12

Sarma, MridulKumar, Subhra Mitra, and AnjanKumar Das. "Curious case of a black pleural effusion: Mediastinal teratoma presenting as massive pleural effusion." Lung India 35, no. 1 (2018): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_253_17.

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13

Ng, Ziqin, Geak Poh Tan, and Kim Hoong Yap. "Black Pleural Effusion: When Lung White(out) Turns Black." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 49, no. 9 (2020): 717–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2020243.

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14

George Jacob, Amith, Amrutha Mary George, and Teny John. "Rheumatoid Pleurisy Presenting as Black Pleural Effusion." Chest 146, no. 4 (2014): 471A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.1983626.

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15

Guo, Feng, Junli Wu, Yunpeng Peng, et al. "Black pleural effusion due to pancreatic pseudocyst." Medicine 96, no. 50 (2017): e9043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000009043.

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16

Kamal, Yasser Ali. "Black pleural effusion: etiology, diagnosis, and treatment." Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 35, no. 3 (2018): 485–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12055-018-0756-6.

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17

Yuriy Nikiforov, Blerina Asllanaj, and Yi McWhorter. "Severe acute alcoholic pancreatitis complicated by distributive shock, abdominal compartment syndrome, and black pleural effusion." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 22, no. 2 (2024): 937–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.22.2.1464.

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Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a life-threatening medical emergency that can lead to multi-system organ failure and mortality. Here, we highlight a case of SAP complicated by a black pleural effusion (BPE), distributive shock, and acute abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) requiring emergent decompressive laparotomy. BPE fluid analysis was consistent with previously reported exudative effusions from a pancreatic pseudocyst, though the computed tomography (CT) of abdomen and pelvis did not show definitive evidence of a pseudocyst. In addition, black fluid was also discovered during decompre
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18

Yuriy, Nikiforov, Asllanaj Blerina, and McWhorter Yi. "Severe acute alcoholic pancreatitis complicated by distributive shock, abdominal compartment syndrome, and black pleural effusion." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 22, no. 2 (2024): 937–41. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14607401.

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Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a life-threatening medical emergency that can lead to multi-system organ failure and mortality.  Here, we highlight a case of SAP complicated by a black pleural effusion (BPE), distributive shock, and acute abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) requiring emergent decompressive laparotomy. BPE fluid analysis was consistent with previously reported exudative effusions from a pancreatic pseudocyst, though the computed tomography (CT) of abdomen and pelvis did not show definitive evidence of a pseudocyst. In addition, black fluid was also discovered during de
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19

Hsieh, Cheng-Ying, Joen-Rong Sheu, Chih-Hao Yang, Wei-Lin Chen, Jie-Heng Tsai, and Chi-Li Chung. "Thrombin Upregulates PAI-1 and Mesothelial–Mesenchymal Transition Through PAR-1 and Contributes to Tuberculous Pleural Fibrosis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 20 (2019): 5076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205076.

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Thrombin is an essential procoagulant and profibrotic mediator. However, its implication in tuberculous pleural effusion (TBPE) remains unknown. The effusion thrombin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels were measured among transudative pleural effusion (TPE, n = 22) and TBPE (n = 24) patients. Pleural fibrosis, identified as radiological residual pleural thickening (RPT) and shadowing, was measured at 12-month follow-up. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro effects of thrombin on PAI-1 expression and mesothelial–mesenchymal transition (MMT) were assessed. We demonstrated the effusio
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20

Huang, T.-Y., and M.-J. Tsai. "Gastrointestinal: Black pleural effusion induced by pancreaticopleural fistula." Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 28, no. 12 (2013): 1798. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jgh.12409.

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21

Ishigaki, Sho, Misato Kuwae, Makoto Ishii, Takanori Asakura, Soichiro Ueda, and Tomoko Betsuyaku. "Black pleural effusion caused by pancreatic pseudocyst rupture." Clinical Case Reports 7, no. 2 (2019): 385–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.1994.

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22

Gupta, Nitesh, Harsha Jain, Vidushi Rathi, et al. "A young male presenting with black pleural effusion." Journal of Advanced Lung Health 3, no. 3 (2023): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jalh.jalh_4_23.

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23

Dela Vega, A., M. Bagano, and E. E. Canapi. "Black Pleural Effusion a Case of Thoracic Endometriosis." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 211, Abstracts (2025): A2080. https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.2025.211.abstracts.a2080.

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24

Kaur, Dilpreet, Gaganjot Singh, Emerald Banas, and Dana Savici. "Black Pleural Effusion in an Alcoholic: Make the Connection." Chest 146, no. 4 (2014): 467A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.1992362.

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25

Tanaka, Takaaki, Ryosuke Ikeuchi, Kazuya Hisamatsu, et al. "Boerhaave syndrome presenting black pleural effusion: A case report." Respiratory Medicine Case Reports 40 (2022): 101781. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmcr.2022.101781.

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26

Arumairaj, Antony, Fidencio Davalos, Abayomi Bamgboje, and Imnett Habtes. "BLACK PLEURAL EFFUSION AS A COMPLICATION OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS." Chest 158, no. 4 (2020): A1259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.08.1147.

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27

Misbahuddin, M., F. R. M. Mohammed, and A. S. A. Mohammed. "Right-sided Pancreatico-pleural Fistula: A Sinister Cause of Recurrent Black Pleural Effusion." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 211, Abstracts (2025): A6262. https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.2025.211.abstracts.a6262.

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28

Kamal, YasserAli, and MuhammadNagi Abdul Hakeem. "The diagnostic challenge of unfamiliar cases with black pleural effusion." Research in Cardiovascular Medicine 7, no. 3 (2018): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/rcm.rcm_19_18.

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29

Yousaf, Zohaib, Fateen Ata, Haseeb Chaudhary, Florian Krause, Ben Min-Woo Illigens, and Timo Siepmann. "Etiology, pathological characteristics, and clinical management of black pleural effusion." Medicine 101, no. 8 (2022): e28130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000028130.

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30

Mookherjee, Swagatam, Nathan Minkoff, Vishal Shah, and Brian Changlai. "A Curious Case of a Reaccumulating Black Colored Pleural Effusion!" Chest 146, no. 4 (2014): 482A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.1992338.

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31

Newman, Joseph, Tejas Ingle, She Lok, and Liana Pradan. "Images of the month 1: ‘Soy sauce’ pleural effusion: what causes black pleural fluid?" Clinical Medicine 21, no. 5 (2021): e531-e532. http://dx.doi.org/10.7861/clinmed.2021-0403.

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32

Issaris, Vasileios, Konstantinos Kotsifas, Vasiliki Lazarou, et al. "Black pleural effusion in a patient with EGFR-positive lung adenocarcinoma." Pneumon 36, no. 2 (2023): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.18332/pne/161745.

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33

Takenaka, Shota, Masayo Yoshimura, Yoshiaki Kinoshita, et al. "An 88-Year-Old Woman With Pneumothorax and Black Pleural Effusion." CHEST 165, no. 4 (2024): e119-e123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2023.12.002.

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34

Saikia, Manashjyoti, Basanta Hazarika, and Farjana Begum. "The Darkness Inside: A Case Report of a Rare Case of Black Pleural Effusion." Assam Journal of Internal Medicine 14, no. 2 (2024): 124–27. https://doi.org/10.4103/ajoim.ajoim_11_23.

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Abstract Black pleural effusion (BPE) is an extremely rare entity. This report aims to increase the attention of chest physicians to the differential diagnosis and management of unfamiliar cases of BPE. BPE may occur as a result of fungal Aspergillus niger or Rhizopus oryzae infection, metastatic melanoma, adenocarcinoma, pancreaticopleural fistula (PPF), hemolysis after massive intrapleural bleeding, or other miscellaneous causes. A stepwise approach is needed to evaluate the proper diagnosis including chest X-ray, diagnostic thoracocentesis, cytology and culture of the pleural fluid, thoraci
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35

Miwa, Yasutsugu, Satoru Matsunaga, Hiroyuki Nakayama, Asuka Kurosawa, Hiroyuki Ogawa, and Nobuo Sasaki. "Spontaneous Lymphoma in a Prairie Dog (Cynomys ludovicianus)." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 42, no. 2 (2006): 151–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/0420151.

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A 4-year-old, female, black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) was examined for acute dyspnea and two skin masses. Tentative diagnosis of lymphoma was made based on cytology of pleural effusion and the skin masses. Administration of prednisolone was initially effective in improving the condition; however, the clinical signs deteriorated after radiation therapy and administration of cyclophosphamide. Postmortem examination revealed that neoplastic lymphocytes had infiltrated most of the organs, and the histopathological diagnosis was multi-centric lymphoma.
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36

Sirichotikul, N., W. Reechaipichitkul, W. Chumpangern, et al. "An Unusual Etiology of Black Pleural Effusion: A Case Report on Pancreaticopleural Fistula." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 211, Abstracts (2025): A2057. https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.2025.211.abstracts.a2057.

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37

Miyadera, Keiki, Kakeru Hisakane, Yuki Kato, et al. "Black pleural effusion caused by a pancreaticopleural fistula associated with autoimmune pancreatitis: A case report." Medicine 101, no. 36 (2022): e30322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000030322.

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38

Lokesh, Rana, Thakur Preyender, Gurnal Pooja, et al. "A Case Report of Contained Rupture with Pseudo Aneurysm Formation- A Rare Entity." International Journal of Clinical and Medical Cases 3, no. 2 (2020): 1–2. https://doi.org/10.31021/ijcmc.20202130.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> A 66 year old male presenting with chest pain and shortness of breath gradually increasing for past 2 months, CECT was done which shows presence of contained rupture of arch of aorta with pseudo aneurysm formation. <strong>Case Report</strong> We present a case of a 66 year old male presenting with chest pain and shortness of breath gradually increasing for past 2 months CECT images shows aortic aneurysm in ascending and arch with peri-aortic soft tissue with focal discontinuity in the intimal wall calcification with formation of saccular pseudo aneurysm. There is als
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39

Loué, Védi André Serges, Eléonore Gbary, Sylvanus Koui, Bédi Akpa, and Adélaide Kouassi. "Bilateral Ovarian Fibrothecoma Associated with Ascites, Bilateral Pleural Effusion, and Marked Elevated Serum CA-125." Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/189072.

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Background. The risk of ovarian cancer is increased in the association of ovarian tumor, ascites, and hydrothorax with the significant elevated tumor marker CA-125. However, this association can be observed in a rare clinical and benign pathological entity, that is Demons-Meigs’ syndrome.Objective. To describe a rare case of Demons-Meigs' syndrome observed in our department.Methods. A black African woman of 35 years old, seventh gravida and fourth parous, underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingoophorectomy for large bilateral ovarian masses associated with significant a
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40

Carvallo, Francisco R., Francisco A. Uzal, Janet D. Moore, et al. "Ibex-Associated Malignant Catarrhal Fever in Duikers (Cephalophus Spp)." Veterinary Pathology 57, no. 4 (2020): 577–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985820918313.

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Eight duikers, representing 3 different species cohoused in a single zoological collection, died in a 10-month period. Black, red-flanked, and yellow-backed duikers were affected, appearing clinically with a combination of anorexia, diarrhea, ataxia, tremors, and/or stupor, followed by death within 72 hours of onset of clinical signs. Consistent gross findings were pulmonary ecchymoses (8/8), generalized lymphadenomegaly (6/8), ascites (5/8), and pleural effusion (4/8). Dense lymphocyte infiltrates and arteritis affected numerous tissues in most animals. Ibex-associated malignant catarrhal fev
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41

Bandyopadhyay, Abhishek, Soumita Ghosh Sengupta, Gargi Raychaudhuri, Soaham Taraphdar, and Srabani Chakraborti. "Concordance between conventional cytology and cell block of suspected malignant pleural effusion: A record-based study in a tertiary care center of eastern India." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 15, no. 4 (2024): 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v15i4.62506.

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Background: Cytological study of pleural fluid helps establishing the underlying cause of pleural effusion. It is considered the most important tool in diagnosing malignancy in effusions. However, accurate identification of cellular morphology can be a problem in conventional cytology. Cell block preparation from pleural effusion aids in this diagnosis due to the preservation of tissue architecture, and multiple sections can be obtained for further studies. Aims and Objectives: The objectives of this study were to compare the diagnostic results of conventional cytology and cell block studies o
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42

Fagere, Muaz, Shawgi Elsiddig, Anass Abbas, Manar Shalabi, and Asaad Babker. "Serous Effusion Cytology in Sudanese Patients." International Journal of Biomedicine 12, no. 1 (2022): 160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21103/article12(1)_oa20.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the etiology and cytological patterns of serous effusions among Sudanese patients. Methods and Results: This descriptive study was carried out in hospitals of Khartoum state in the period from February 2019 to June 2020. One hundred and seventy-eight patients “clinically and/or radiological” diagnosed as having an accumulation of serous effusions were included in this study. Smears were prepared and stained according to the conventional pap staining procedure. The majority of the study population (121[68%]) had malignant effusion (MEs), and the other
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43

Neelam, Rashmi Kaul, Sujeet Raina, and Manupriya Sharma. "Diagnostic Utility Of Fluid Cytology By Conventional Smear And Cell Block Method In Pleural Effusion." Recent Advances in Biology and Medicine 8, no. 2 (2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.18639/rabm.2022.9800022.

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The cytological examinations of serous effusions have been well-accepted, and a positive diagnosis is often considered a definitive diagnosis. The study was planned to determine the diagnostic utility of fluid cytology by conventional smear and cell block method in pleural effusion. This was a hospital-based open cohort observational study conducted on patients diagnosed with pleural effusion. The study period was one year, and patients were recruited using a nonprobability sampling method. The fluid samples were subjected to the conventional smear examination, followed by cell block preparati
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44

Bora, Nayana, and Junu Devi. "Cytological, cell block and immunohistochemical analysis of spectrum of malignant pleural effusion with special reference to non-small cell lung carcinoma: A hospital based study of North East India." IP Archives of Cytology and Histopathology Research 8, no. 1 (2023): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.achr.2023.007.

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Malignant pleural effusions (MPE) can result from primary malignancies of the pleura or from underlying intrathoracic or extrathoracic malignancies that reach the pleural space by hematogenous, lymphatic, or contiguous spread. Conventional smear and cell block (CB) technique is one of the oldest methods for the evaluation of body cavity fluids. The principal advantage of cell block over conventional smears are an additional yield of malignant cells and obtaining multiple sections for ancillary tests such as immunohistochemistry (IHC). This study is a hospital-based cross-sectional study which
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45

Yao, Bihua, Xingyu Yu, Liannv Qiu, et al. "Interpretable noninvasive diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion using LGBM and SHAP: development and clinical application of a machine learning model." PeerJ 13 (May 20, 2025): e19411. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19411.

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Background Tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) is a prevalent tuberculosis complication, with diagnosis presenting considerable challenges. Timely and precise identification of TPE is vital for effective patient management and prognosis, yet existing diagnostic methods tend to be invasive, lengthy, and often lack sufficient accuracy. This study seeks to design and validate an interpretable machine learning model based on routine laboratory data to enable noninvasive and rapid TPE diagnosis. Methods A multicenter prospective study was conducted across China between January 2021 and September 202
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46

Jha, Ashutosh, Meghashree Vishwanath, Prakashiny Sinnarajah, Prathipaa Rajavel, Pavithra Rajasekaran, and Ramamoorthy Vedachalam. "Malignant Pleural Effusion Secondary to Clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma- A Case Report." International Journal of Clinicopathological Correlation 8, no. 1 (2024): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.56501/intjclinicopatholcorrel.v8i1.1063.

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Renal cell carcinoma is the most common renal neoplasm. Its presentation is often very occult, and it may be discovered incidentally. It may present with the classic symptoms of back pain, flank pain, hematuria, or hypertension. Renal cell carcinoma may also present with malignant pleural effusion at diagnosis; however, it is very rare. Pleural effusion secondary to renal cell carcinoma constitutes only about 1% to 2% of all malignant pleural effusions. We report a case of 55-year-female who was a known case of Right side Renal cell carcinoma post operated and on chemotherapy suddenly presente
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47

Ren, Wenhao, Yanli Zhu, Qian Wang, Haizhu Jin, Yiyi Guo, and Dongmei Lin. "Deep Learning-Based Classification and Targeted Gene Alteration Prediction from Pleural Effusion Cell Block Whole-Slide Images." Cancers 15, no. 3 (2023): 752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030752.

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Cytopathological examination is one of the main examinations for pleural effusion, and especially for many patients with advanced cancer, pleural effusion is the only accessible specimen for establishing a pathological diagnosis. The lack of cytopathologists and the high cost of gene detection present opportunities for the application of deep learning. In this retrospective analysis, data representing 1321 consecutive cases of pleural effusion were collected. We trained and evaluated our deep learning model based on several tasks, including the diagnosis of benign and malignant pleural effusio
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48

Patil, Shital, Mazhar Mirza, and Gajanan Gondhali. "Satellite Nodules with Pericavitary Consolidation Presenting As ‘Black Hole in the Starry Sky Pattern’ in HRCT Thorax: A Strong Predictor of Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis!" South Asian Research Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 04 (2023): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.36346/sarjms.2023.v05i04.001.

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Pulmonary tuberculosis is the most common cause for cavitary lung disease in India. Radiological presentations in pulmonary tuberculosis are different and mainly depend on the immune status of hosts, durations of illness and underlying comorbidities. Consolidation, cavitation, pleural effusion, airways disease and lymphadenopathy are frequently reported in thoracic tuberculosis. In this case report, a 36-year male, presented with constitutional symptoms for 4 months duration with partial response to medical treatment received according to their knowledge and experience towards pneumonia, bronc
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49

Patil, Shital, Mazhar Mirza, and Gajanan Gondhali. "Satellite Nodules with Pericavitary Consolidation Presenting As ‘Black Hole in the Starry Sky Pattern’ in HRCT Thorax: A Strong Predictor of Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis!" South Asian Research Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 04 (2023): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.36346/sarjms.2023.v05i04.002.

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Pulmonary tuberculosis is the most common cause for cavitary lung disease in India. Radiological presentations in pulmonary tuberculosis are different and mainly depend on the immune status of hosts, durations of illness and underlying comorbidities. Consolidation, cavitation, pleural effusion, airways disease and lymphadenopathy are frequently reported in thoracic tuberculosis. In this case report, a 36-year male, presented with constitutional symptoms for 4 months duration with partial response to medical treatment received according to their knowledge and experience towards pneumonia, bronc
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Hori, Yusuke S., Toru Fukuhara, Mizuho Aoi, Kazunori Oda, and Yoko Shinno. "Extracranial glioblastoma diagnosed by examination of pleural effusion using the cell block technique: case report." Neurosurgical Focus 44, no. 6 (2018): E8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2017.8.focus17403.

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Abstract:
Metastatic glioblastoma is a rare condition, and several studies have reported the involvement of multiple organs including the lymph nodes, liver, and lung. The lung and pleura are reportedly the most frequent sites of metastasis, and diagnosis using less invasive tools such as cytological analysis with fine needle aspiration biopsy is challenging. Cytological analysis of fluid specimens tends to be negative because of the small number of cells obtained, whereas the cell block technique reportedly has higher sensitivity because of a decrease in cellular dispersion. Herein, the authors describ
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