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Journal articles on the topic 'Black rot disease'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 May 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Toessi, Goudjo H., Elisée G. D. L. Amari, Rachidatou Sikirou, Yéfoungnigui S. Yéo, and Jean-Fabrice Adanvé. "Inventory, and Dissemination of Citrus Fungal Diseases in Benin." International Journal of Phytopathology 13, no. 1 (2024): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/phytopath.013.01.4712.

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Fungal diseases are a major constraint for the intensification of citrus production in Benin. The aim of this study was to identify the main citrus fungal diseases and to assess their distribution, prevalence, and severity). A total of 315 orchards were surveyed in the four agro-ecological zones (AEZ V, VI, VII, and VIII) where citrus is produced in Benin. During the surveys, samples of diseased fruits were collected for isolation in the laboratory. The results revealed four main fungal diseases including black spot caused by Phyllosticta sp., anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum sp., brown ro

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2

Nivetha., I., and M. Padmaa Dr. "Disease Detection in Tree Leaves and Fruits using Image Processing Techniques." Journal of Radio and Television Broadcast 3, no. 3 (2018): 24–28. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2293551.

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<em>India is the agriculture based country. Now a day, agricultural product yield is decrease for the reason of disease affect the plants like fungus, virus diseases. In this paper, we detect the tree leaves and fruits disease using image processing techniques. In this paper apple, grapes and pomegranate disease are detected. The apple diseases are apple scab, apple rot, Marssonina leaf blotch, black rot canker, apple mosaic. The grape diseases are black rot, powdery mildew, downy mildew, anthracnose, bacterial leaf spot, and rust. The pomegranate diseases are bacterial blight, aspergillus fru

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3

Arivazhagan, Dr. "BLACK ROT DISEASE DETECTION IN GRAPE PLANT (VITIS VINIFERA) USING COLOUR BASED SEGMENTATION." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 07, no. 12 (2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem27542.

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The cultitechniques for the early and accurate detection of Black Rot disease. Our methodology involves the acquisition of high- resolution images of grape leaves and clusters. These images are then subjected to a color-based segmentation process to isolate regions of interest that exhibit symptoms of Black Rot. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach. The integration of Color-Based Segmentation and Machine Learning enables accurate and automated identification of Black Rot disease in grape plants. This system holds promise for early disease intervention, enabling growers

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Hazelrigg, Ann L., Terence L. Bradshaw, and Gabriella S. Maia. "Disease Susceptibility of Interspecific Cold-Hardy Grape Cultivars in Northeastern U.S.A." Horticulturae 7, no. 8 (2021): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7080216.

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Susceptibility to diseases of economically important grapes is critical to the evaluation of germplasm recommended for commercial production and for the development of sustainable production systems. In 2018–2019, the cold-hardy grape cultivars including ‘Brianna’, ‘Crimson Pearl’, ‘Itasca’, ‘Louise Swenson’, ‘Marechal Foch’, ‘Marquette’ ‘Petite Pearl’, ‘St. Pepin’, and ‘Verona’ were evaluated on non-treated vines for susceptibility to downy mildew, powdery mildew, black rot, anthracnose, Phomopsis leaf spot and fruit rot, and Botrytis bunch rot. No cultivars were consistently disease-free, an

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Bande, La Ode Santiaji, Bambang Hadisutrisno, Susamto Somowiyarjo, and Bambang Hendro Sunarminto. "EPIDEMI PENYAKIT BUSUK PANGKAL BATANG LADA PADA KONDISI LINGKUNGAN YANG BERVARIASI." JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA 15, no. 1 (2015): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.11595-103.

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Foot rot disease epidemic on black pepper in variety of environmental conditions. The foot rot disease on black pepper caused by Phytophthora capsici Leonian, is often destructive to farmers of black pepper. This research aims to study the infection rate and the pattern of development of the black pepper foot rot disease in various condition of the environment. The research was conducted in the areas of black pepper cultivation in the Ultisol and Entisol soils. In each location plots were set with few (<25%) and abundant (>75%) weeds. Variable observed was disease incidence. The data wer

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Pratama, Sakti Widyanta. "Application of lime and urea and its effect on development of Phythophthora palmivora." Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) 31, no. 1 (2015): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v31i1.70.

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Black pod rot disease (BPRD) which is caused by Phytophthora palmivora is one of the main diseases of cocoa cultivations particularly in plantations with wet climate. Black pod rot can develop rapidly under high humidity environments, particularly during rainy seasons. This disease can cause loss of harvest of up to 46.63% in East Java. The various control efforts attempted so far have not resulted in significant improvements. Urea, in addition to functioning as fertilizer, can also produce the ammonia gas which is believed to be able to suppress black pod rot. This research aims to determine

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7

Hsiao, Chia-Yu, Sabrina Diana Blanco, An-Li Peng, et al. "Seed Treatment with Calcium Carbonate Containing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PMB05 Powder Is an Efficient Way to Control Black Rot Disease of Cabbage." Agriculture 13, no. 5 (2023): 926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13050926.

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Black rot disease is a serious bacterial disease that harms vegetable crops of the Brassica genus (especially cabbage plants) worldwide. The causal agent, Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), is a seed-borne pathogen that primarily infects seedlings. Previous studies suggest that the bacterial strain, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PMB05, can intensify the plant immune responses of cabbage against black rot disease and reduce disease occurrence. In plant immunity, several reactions occur during a pathogen attack, but the elevation of calcium ion concentration in plant cells is essential in

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8

Balakissa, FOFANA, Dao Jonas Patrick, OUATTARA Bognan Winnie Miyasi, ZOUZOU Michel, and KONE Daouda. "Influence of Climatic Parameters on the Incidence of Black Pod Rot of Cocoa Trees in Côte d’Ivoire." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 47, no. 1 (2025): 161–70. https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2025/v47i13214.

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Cocoa farming is very important to Côte d'Ivoire’s economy, however the increasing pressure of black pod rot is significantly reducing causing production, which is unfavorable to sustainable cocoa production. This disease is caused by Phytophthora palmivora, which is prevalent in all cocoa-producing areas. The objective is to determine the effect of climatic parameters on the incidence of the disease in the study localities. To achieve this, three plots were selected in each locality, based on the presence of black pod rot and the accessibility of the field. A 900 m2 was delimited in each plot

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9

Rajitha, A., M. Swathi, K. Ananya, R. Amruthavarshini, and D. Akhila. "Plant Disease Detection Using Deep Learning." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 1 (2025): 1320–23. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.66199.

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Abstract: The system today operates using images, with its pre-processing that makes use of models like Inception-V3 CNN; such models are computational resource- demanding, requiring humongous sizes, and enormous data storage capacity. It is hence both time and cost-expensive. The proposed system uses the AlexNet CNN model in MATLAB R2021A with an accuracy of almost 99.6% to classify plant diseases, thus making it efficient, cost- effective, and faster due to the modules used such as acquisition of images, preprocessing, disease classification, and performance evaluation in the identification

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Kumari, Neelam, and Ashok Thakur. "Black Root Rot of Strawberry: A Disease Complex." International Journal of Economic Plants 9, no. 2 (2022): 158–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/2/2022.0455a.

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Historically, root diseases have been a production-limiting problem for the strawberry industry worldwide. Even though this disease is of great economic importance, the etiology remains unresolved. However, soilborne fungal root pathogens, particularly Pythium and Rhizoctonia spp. have been implicated as major role players. Presence of nematodes in soil and favourable environmental conditions also play significant role in the disease development. Development of integrated disease management strategies is dependent upon a more complete understanding of the etiology, biology and ecology of the d

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11

Yang, Dongjing, Xiaofeng Bian, Ho Soo Kim, et al. "IbINV Positively Regulates Resistance to Black Rot Disease Caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata in Sweet Potato." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 22 (2023): 16454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216454.

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Black rot disease, caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata Ellis & Halsted, severely affects both plant growth and post-harvest storage of sweet potatoes. Invertase (INV) enzymes play essential roles in hydrolyzing sucrose into glucose and fructose and participate in the regulation of plant defense responses. However, little is known about the functions of INV in the growth and responses to black rot disease in sweet potato. In this study, we identified and characterized an INV-like gene, named IbINV, from sweet potato. IbINV contained a pectin methylesterase-conserved domain. IbINV transcripts w

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Prasad, Durga, and R. N. Singh. "Major diseases of field and horticultural crops in Northern Bihar region of India." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES 17, no. 2 (2022): 180–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijps/17.2/180-190.

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A survey was conducted to determine the status of major diseases of field and horticultural crops grown in Saharsa, Supaul, Madhepura and Khagaria districts of northern Bihar, India. Three blocks in each district and three villages in each block were surveyed through a random field survey method. Per cent disease incidence was recorded on randomly selected plants in a particular field of selected location. The incidence of diseases was observed on the basis of typical field symptoms and later the association was confirmed through microscopic examinations in the laboratory. In view of maximum d

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13

Keinath, Anthony P. "Effect of Fungicide Applications Scheduled to Control Gummy Stem Blight on Yield and Quality of Watermelon Fruit." Plant Disease 85, no. 1 (2001): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.1.53.

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Yield and quality reductions in watermelon infected with Didymella bryoniae may be attributed to reduced number or weight of fruit, sunburned fruit, fruit rot, or low sugar content due to gummy stem blight on foliage and black rot on fruit. Number, weight, soluble solids content, and external appearance of fruit were determined in four experiments conducted in fall 1996 and 1997 and spring 1997 and 1998. Severity of gummy stem blight was varied by applying no fungicide, mancozeb, or chlorothalonil according to different schedules. In the fall, when disease severity was high, total fruit weight

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Saleem, Sana, Lucia Nedorost Ragasova, Dorota Tekielska, Maciej Fidurski, Agnieszka Sekara, and Robert Pokluda. "Serendipita indica as a Plant Growth Promoter and Biocontrol Agent against Black Rot Disease in Cabbage Grown in a Phytotron." Agriculture 13, no. 11 (2023): 2048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13112048.

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Serendipita indica, a mutualistic root endophytic fungus, has gained attention for its potential to enhance plant health and resistance to various stresses. This study investigated the impact of S. indica (strain DSM 11827) on plant growth promotion and the management of black rot disease. This is a devastating bacterial ailment caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, which affects cruciferous crops worldwide. The experiment was conducted under sterile conditions in a phytotron for 10 weeks. It involved the substrate and seed inoculation of S. indica in a cabbage crop. The findings su

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15

Stahr, M., and L. M. Quesada-Ocampo. "Assessing the Role of Temperature, Inoculum Density, and Wounding on Disease Progression of the Fungal Pathogen Ceratocystis fimbriata Causing Black Rot in Sweetpotato." Plant Disease 104, no. 3 (2020): 930–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-12-18-2224-re.

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In 2014, Ceratocystis fimbriata, causal agent of black rot in sweetpotato, reemerged and inflicted large financial losses on growers in the United States. Black rot continues to damage sweetpotatoes and has become a priority to the industry since then. In contrast, little is known about the biology of C. fimbriata and the epidemiology of sweetpotato black rot. In this study, effects of environmental factors such as inoculum density, RH, and temperature on sweetpotato black rot were determined. Cured sweetpotatoes were wounded with a toothpick to simulate puncture wounds, inoculated with differ

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16

Umer, Muhammad, Mustansar Mubeen, Muhammad Ateeq, et al. "ETIOLOGY, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF CITRUS BLACK ROT CAUSED BY ALTERNARIA CITRI- AN OUTLOOK." Plant Protection 5, no. 2 (2021): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33804/pp.005.02.3701.

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Citrus is an important fruit crop of the world. It is the most important commercial fruit crop having higher moisture contents and nutrient composition. Citrus losses are mainly due to diseases that highly affect their quality and quantity. Black rot of fruit caused by Alternaria citri, is a significant fungal disease of citrus that causes severe losses in citrus orchards of the world. It affects most of the members of the citrus family and often causes severe losses. The disease primarily affects the aboveground parts of plants, leaves explicitly, and fruits. The first symptoms, however, usua

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Haji, H. M., S. Mishra, and M. DeVos. "CTH2 flue-cured tobacco F1 hybrid." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 87, no. 2 (2007): 383–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p06-146.

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CTH2 is the first flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) hybrid recommended for commercial release in Canada. Yields and economic returns of CTH2 are significantly higher than the check varieties, Delgold and CT157. It has uniform growth both in the greenhouse and in the field, and is resistant to black root rot disease (Chalara elegans Nag Raj and Kendrick, causal agent). Leaf quality traits of CTH2 are far superior to Delgold, as well as commercial varieties that are also immune to black root rot disease. Key words: Nicotiana tabacum L., tobacco, hybrid, male sterility, black root rot, cu

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18

Mundy, D. C. "Ecology and control of grapevine root diseases in New Zealand a review." New Zealand Plant Protection 68 (January 8, 2015): 396–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2015.68.5818.

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Grapevine root diseases can result in economic loss during vineyard establishment Symptoms may not be noticed in vineyards until vines die The death of young vines as a result of root rots can be a point of contention between the grower and the nursery supplying the plants In New Zealand root diseases include black foot rot (caused by Cylindrocarpon spp) verticillium wilt (caused by Verticillium dahlia) phytophthora root rot (caused by various Phytophthora spp) and armillaria root rot (caused in New Zealand by Armillaria novaezelandiae and A limonea) Of these diseases black foot rot is the mos

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De Jong, Van, B. E. Braithwaite, T. L. Roush, A. Stewart, and J. G. Hampton. "Opportunities for developing value-added brassica seed." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 14 (January 1, 2010): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.14.2008.3174.

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New Zealand produces approximately 5,500 tonnes of brassica seed per year, two thirds of which, valued at $13M, is exported. Black rot caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris is a common disease of brassicas, and while crop losses are not extensive in New Zealand, internationally total crop losses have been reported. Seeds are the primary source of inoculum and the ease with which this inoculum spreads means that even small traces can cause severe epidemics. Genetic resistance to black rot is a complex trait which makes breeding for resistance in brassicas challenging. The effectivenes

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Ezra, David, Benny Kirshner, Michal Hershcovich, Dani Shtienberg, and Itzhak Kosto. "Heart Rot of Pomegranate: Disease Etiology and the Events Leading to Development of Symptoms." Plant Disease 99, no. 4 (2015): 496–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-07-14-0707-re.

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Pomegranate fruit rot disease, known as “heart rot” or “black heart,” is a major pomegranate disease that impacts production worldwide. Heart rot is characterized by black rot of the fruit core that spreads from the calyx area, whereas the outer peel and the hard rind retain their healthy appearance. Aims of the present study were to identify the pathogen that causes pomegranate heart rot in Israel and to study the dynamics of fruit-organ colonization by fungi during fruit development, as the first steps toward the development of management strategies. Several fungi were isolated from pomegran

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Copes, Warren E., and Katherine L. Stevenson. "A Pictorial Disease Severity Key and the Relationship Between Severity and Incidence for Black Root Rot of Pansy Caused by Thielaviopsis basicola." Plant Disease 92, no. 10 (2008): 1394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-10-1394.

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A pictorial key was developed and the relationship between disease severity (S) and incidence (I) was examined to aid in the assessment of black root rot of pansy caused by Thielaviopsis basicola. The key consisted of photographs of root segments that represented nine disease severity levels ranging from 1 to 91%. Pansies that had received different fertility treatments, as part of seven separate experiments, were inoculated with T. basicola. Four weeks after inoculation, roots were washed, and incidence and severity of black root rot were visually assessed using a grid-line-intersect method.

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22

Asif, Nishat. "Fungal disease complex in Balsam plant-A new record from Uttar Pradesh." Environment Conservation Journal 13, no. 1&2 (2012): 63–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.2012.131211.

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During survey for foliicolus fungi in Bahraich the authors noted a fungal disease complex in Balsam plants Impatiens balsamina (L.) Balsaminaceae.The plants were found suffering from black stem rot as well as the same plant was infected with blight and powdery mildew of leaves. Microscopic examination of infected samples and cultural studies reveals that black stem rot was caused by Fusarium oxysporum whereas blight and powdery mildew was caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Cercospora sp.respectively.

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KWAN, YEE MIN, and JOY FRANCO WILSON. "Characterisation of Trichoderma spp. and Assessment as Biocontrol Using Dual Culture Assay Against Fungi Associated with Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Diseases in Sarawak." Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology 12, no. 1 (2022): 60–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/bjrst.4358.2022.

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Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is one of the most widely used spices in food, beverage, cosmetics, and medicine. Black pepper production has suffered from various fungal diseases. Microbial biological control is an essential part of integrated disease management to reduce the heavy reliance on chemical fungicides. Trichoderma fungi comprise a large group of rhizocompetent filamentous fungi widely used in the biocontrol of plant pathogens. Three field surveys conducted on five black pepper farms in Belaga, Sarawak, identified three fungal diseases: yellowing, black berry, and foot rot. Based on

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Rubel, Mehede Hassan, Md Abuyusuf, Ujjal Kumar Nath, et al. "Glucosinolate Profile and Glucosinolate Biosynthesis and Breakdown Gene Expression Manifested by Black Rot Disease Infection in Cabbage." Plants 9, no. 9 (2020): 1121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9091121.

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Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) is an economically important crop in the family Brassicaceae. Black rot disease is a top ranked cabbage disease, which is caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) and may reduce 50% crop loss. Therefore, we need a clear understanding of black rot disease resistance for sustainable disease management. The secondary metabolites, like Glucosinolate (GSL) presents in Brassica species, which plays a potential role in the defense mechanism against pathogens. However, there is little known about GSL-regulated resistance mechanisms and GSL biosynt

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Gitaitis, R. D., R. R. Walcott, H. F. Sanders, L. Zolobowska, and J. C. Diaz-Perez. "Effects of Mulch and Irrigation System on Sweet Onion: II. The Epidemiology of Center Rot." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 129, no. 2 (2004): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.129.2.0225.

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Mulch (black plastic, wheat straw, or bare ground) and irrigation (drip or overhead sprinkler) treatments were evaluated for their effect on center rot of onion (Allium cepa L.), caused by the bacterium Pantoea ananatis, over the course of two seasons. Irrigation type had no effect on center rot incidence or severity in either year. In contrast, center rot development was delayed by 7 to 14 days on onions grown in straw mulch or bare ground compared to those in black plastic. Straw mulch resulted in later harvest dates and was associated with reduced levels of center rot. In contrast, black pl

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Gitaitis, R. D., R. R. Walcott, H. F. Sanders, L. Zolobowska, and J. C. Diaz-Perez. "Effects of Mulch and Irrigation System on Sweet Onion: II. The Epidemiology of Center Rot." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 129, no. 2 (2004): 225–30. https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.129.2.225.

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Mulch (black plastic, wheat straw, or bare ground) and irrigation (drip or overhead sprinkler) treatments were evaluated for their effect on center rot of onion (Allium cepa L.), caused by the bacterium Pantoea ananatis, over the course of two seasons. Irrigation type had no effect on center rot incidence or severity in either year. In contrast, center rot development was delayed by 7 to 14 days on onions grown in straw mulch or bare ground compared to those in black plastic. Straw mulch resulted in later harvest dates and was associated with reduced levels of center rot. In contrast, black pl

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Berbec, A., and D. Laskowska. "Agronomic Performance of Flue-Cured Tobacco F1 Hybrids Obtained with Different Sources of Male Sterile Cytoplasm." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 21, no. 4 (2004): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0785.

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AbstractFour cytoplasmic male sterile (cms) F1flue-cured hybrids cv. Wiaelica × cv. Virginia Golta (VG), the male fertile analogue and the parental varieties were tested at two locations in Poland in a replicated field trial. The cms sources in the hybrids wereN. suaveolens,N. amplexicaulis,N. bigeloviiand aN. tabacumcms mutant. Under the slight to moderate pressure from black root rot present at the trial sites the hybrids showed a moderate tolerance of the disease characteristic of VG as opposed to medium strong susceptibility of Wislica. Apart from the effect of black root rot tolerance the

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MAURYA, MANISH KUMAR, H. K. SINGH, S. K. SINGH, and DINESH SINGH. "Management of black rot disease of rapeseed (Brassica napus)-Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 92, no. 8 (2022): 1033–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v92i8.108616.

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Out of 340 genotypes/varieties screened against black rot disease in rapeseed-Indian mustard under field conditions, 15 genotypes found resistant, viz. RTM 1624, RTM 1626, TM EPAU, DRMRAB-7-116, NPJ-177, LES-55, DRMRIJ 16-1, RH 1514, BASANTI, NDRS 1-2, TMR 14-1, TMR- 14-4, TMR 14-5, TMR 14-3, T 27, can be utilized as a donor for the development of black rot disease resistant varieties in crucifer crops. All genotypes of Eruca sativa were found resistant against black rot disease. Under in vitro conditions, streptocycline @200 ppm had maximum inhibition zone 3.8 cm diameter with 73.48% inhibiti

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Abbas, Asmaa, Heba Abd El Nabi, and Manal Eid. "Management of Black Rot Disease of Navel Orange." Journal of Applied Plant Protection 12, no. 1 (2023): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/japp.2023.336318.

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Lu, Lu, Sokrat G. Monakhos, Yong Pyo Lim, and So Young Yi. "Early Defense Mechanisms of Brassica oleracea in Response to Attack by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris." Plants 10, no. 12 (2021): 2705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10122705.

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Black rot disease, caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), results in significant yield losses in Brassica oleracea crops worldwide. To find black rot disease-resistant cabbage lines, we carried out pathogenicity assays using the scissor-clipping method in 94 different B. oleracea lines. By comparing the lesion areas, we selected a relatively resistant line, Black rot Resistance 155 (BR155), and a highly susceptible line, SC31. We compared the two cabbage lines for the Xcc-induced expression pattern of 13 defense-related genes. Among them, the Xcc-induced expression level of PR1

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C, Kannan. "EVALUATION OF FUNGAL ANTAGONIST TRICHODERMA SPECIES AGAINST MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA IN BLACK GRAM." Journal of Biopesticides 12, no. 02 (2019): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.57182/jbiopestic.12.2.171-176.

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India is the world's largest producer and consumer of black gram. India produces about 1.5 to 1.9 million tones of black gram annually from about 3.5 million hectares of area, with an average productivity of 500 kg per hectare. Black gram output accounts for about 10 per cent of India's total pulse production. Root rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid is one of the most important fungal diseases of Black gram. It inflicts serious economic loss to the crop. It was reported to result in a loss of 28.6 per cent in black gram yield. Trichoderma species are effective biocontrol agents

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Szabó, Márton, Anna Csikász-Krizsics, Terézia Dula, et al. "Black Rot of Grapes (Guignardia bidwellii)—A Comprehensive Overview." Horticulturae 9, no. 2 (2023): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9020130.

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The aim of this review is to provide readers with an integrated knowledge on black rot of grapes, based on a critical survey of previous and recent studies of scientific importance. The current state of the art and perspectives of science are presented, not only on the genetic determinants of grapevine resistance to black rot, predictive models of black rot epidemics, but also on the potential of metabolomics to explore black rot-grape interactions and shorten plant breeding processes. Numerous complications of disease management and ambiguities in phenotype-classification are highlighted, and

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Mohamed, Al-Sman K., Abo-El-yousr A. M. Kamal, Eraky Amal, and El-Zawahry Aida. "Isolation, Identification and Biomanagement of Root Rot of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) Using Selected Bacterial Antagonists." International Journal of Phytopathology 6, no. 3 (2017): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/phytopath.006.03.2387.

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The study deal with potentiality of some bioagents for controlling the root rot of black cumin under greenhouse conditions, caused by Fusarium spp. Eight fungal isolates were obtained from diseased of back cumin plants collected from Assiut Governorate. These isolates were belonged to the genus Fusarium spp. They were identified as, four isolates of F. comptoceras, three isolates of F. solani and one isolate Fusarium lateritium. Pathogenicity tests indicated that all tested fungal isolates were able to infect black cumin plants causing symptoms of root rot resulted in dwarfism and death before

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Lewthwaite, S. L., and P. J. Wright. "Diseases of the kumara crop." New Zealand Plant Protection 62 (August 1, 2009): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2009.62.4845.

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The predominant diseases of the commercial kumara (Ipomoea batatas) or sweetpotato crop are caused by fungal pathogens The field disease pink rot results from infection by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Lesions form on vines but may spread down stems to the roots The widespread nature of this disease in sweetpotato appears peculiar to New Zealand Scurf is a disease caused by Monilochaetes infuscans which occurs in the field but may proliferate amongst stored roots The disease causes a superficial discolouration of the root surface which is mainly cosmetic but can also increase root water

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Fatimah, Fety, Hidayatun Nurul Khasanah, Rif'atin Khoirunnisa, Farhah Qurrotu 'Aini, and Nur Rokhimah Hanik. "Identification of Diseases and Pests of Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) in the Pedan Hamlet Plantation, Karanglo, Tawangmangu." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 22, no. 1 (2022): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3072.

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Cauliflower (Brassicca oleracia var.brotrytis L.) is a type of vegetable that belongs to the Brassicaceae family (a type of cabbage with small white flowers). The purpose of the research on cauliflower (Brasica oleracea var. Botrytis L.) was to identify pests and diseases that attack cauliflower (Brasica oleracea var. Botrytis L.). The method used in this study was to go directly to the field once in August 2021. Observations were made on agricultural land owned by farmers in Pedan Hamlet, Karanglo Village, Tawangmangu, Karanganyar. The results showed that from three different land samples, di

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Yi, Xiaomei, Yue Zhou, Peng Wu, et al. "U-Net with Coordinate Attention and VGGNet: A Grape Image Segmentation Algorithm Based on Fusion Pyramid Pooling and the Dual-Attention Mechanism." Agronomy 14, no. 5 (2024): 925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14050925.

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Currently, the classification of grapevine black rot disease relies on assessing the percentage of affected spots in the total area, with a primary focus on accurately segmenting these spots in images. Particularly challenging are cases in which lesion areas are small and boundaries are ill-defined, hampering precise segmentation. In our study, we introduce an enhanced U-Net network tailored for segmenting black rot spots on grape leaves. Leveraging VGG as the U-Net’s backbone, we strategically position the atrous spatial pyramid pooling (ASPP) module at the base of the U-Net to serve as a lin

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RAMACHANDRA, SUDHARSHAN KERALAPURA, PRANAB DUTTA, MANIKANNAN PARTHIBAN, and PRAVEEN GUMACHANAMARDI. "Assessment of black rot (Xanthomonas campestris) of cabbage (Brassica oleracea) in East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 94, no. 7 (2024): 750–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v94i7.142761.

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Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) holds significant economic importance in Meghalaya, thriving in its high altitude and cool climate. East Khasi Hills (EKH) district, where cabbage cultivation remains viable throughout the year, contributes 70% of the state's total cabbage production. A severe outbreak of cabbage black rot, caused by Xanthomonas campestris p.v. campestris, has raised concerns in this region. To comprehensively understand the outbreak and assess its economic impact, an extensive disease survey was conducted across 6 districts of Meghalaya, with a particular focus in

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Cwalina-Ambroziak, Bożena, and Józef Tyburski. "Health status of carrots Daucus carota L. ssp. sativus grown in integrated and organic farming systems." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 21, no. 1 (2022): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2022.1.3.

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Carrot culrivars ‘Bolero’, ‘Fayette F1’, ‘Flakke, Koral’, ‘Nantes’, ‘Perfekcja’ and ‘Sukces’ were grown in integrated and organic farming systems. The severity of Alternaria leaf blight and root diseases was evaluated at harvest and after five months of storage. Fungi were isolated from carrot roots. Disease severity was affected by the years of the study, farming system and cultivar. The severity of Alternaria leaf blight was lower in the integrated farming system than in the organic system. Carrots of cvs. ‘Bolero’ and ‘Fayette F1’ were healthiest. In both production systems, the symptoms of

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Sodikov, Bakhrom, and Maruf Matkarimov. "Carrot (Daucus carota L.) of the plant Alternaria disease (review)." E3S Web of Conferences 389 (2023): 03073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338903073.

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Nowadays, fungi-related illnesses are widespread in all nations that cultivate vegetables, which lowers output. Carrots are harmed by pathogenic fungus both during the growing season and while they are in storage, which reduces both the amount and quality of the crop. From this perspective, it is critical to investigate the bioecological characteristics of the fungus that cause illnesses in carrots and to carry out research on the creation of effective and ecologically friendly countermeasures. Alternaria diseases Daucus carota L. is one of the most common diseases of the carrot plant and ofte

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Preeti Vashisht, N. K. Yadav, Vinod Kumar Malik, and Prahlad. "Integrated management strategies for root rot disease in Cotton: A comprehensive review." International Journal of Agricultural Invention 10, no. 1 (2025): 50–62. https://doi.org/10.46492/ijai/2025.10.1.6.

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Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is one of the most important fiber and cash crop belongs to genus Gossypium of the family Malvaceae. Cotton is cultivated in about 80 countries in the world in which top five producers are India, China, Pakistan, USA and Brazil (Anonymous, 2022). Most common fungal diseases in cotton are leaf spot and leaf blight, Anthracnose, Areolate mildew, Ascochyta blight and black root rot, boll rot. Under favourable environmental condition Charcoal rot, Fusarium wilt, powdery mildew, cottonrust, Sclerotium stem rot, Damping-off and root rot. Among these root rot of cotton caused

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Trivedi, R. S., J. Townshend, M. V. Jaspers, H. J. Ridgway, and J. G. Hampton. "Relationship between Alternaria radicina soil population density and carrot black rot." New Zealand Plant Protection 62 (August 1, 2009): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2009.62.4850.

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Alternaria radicina is a seed and soilborne pathogen that causes black rot of carrot tap roots and black rings on the root crown The A radicina population density in spring was determined in carrot field soils to investigate the relationship between soil conidial populations and black rot levels in summer In each of 15 carrot fields four randomly selected 30 m2 plots were used for soil sampling to a depth of 5 cm in September Alternaria radicina population densities (cfu/g soil) were determined using a soil dilution method and selective agar Black rot disease incidence was expressed as the num

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Pereg, Lily L. "Black root rot of cotton in Australia: the host, the pathogen and disease management." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 12 (2013): 1112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13231.

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Black root rot is a seedling disease caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen Thielaviopsis basicola, a species with a worldwide distribution. Diseased plants show blackening of the roots and a reduced number of lateral roots, stunted or slow growth, and delayed flowering or maturity. It was first detected in cotton in Australia in 1989, and by 2004, T. basicola reached all cotton-growing regions in New South Wales and Queensland and the disease was declared as an Australian pandemic. This review covers aspects of the disease that have implications in black root rot spread, severity and manage

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Kim, Wan-Gyu, Gyo-Bin Lee, and Weon-Dae Cho. "Identification and Pathogenicity of Sclerotinia minor Causing Sclerotinia Rot in Stringy Stonecrop." Research in Plant Disease 30, no. 4 (2024): 457–59. https://doi.org/10.5423/rpd.2024.30.4.457.

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Unusual symptoms of Sclerotinia rot were observed in stringy stonecrop (Sedum sarmentosum) plants cultivated in vinyl greenhouses in Icheon, Korea, during a disease survey conducted in March 2024. The symptoms were characterized as soft rot of stems and leaves at or above the soil line in the early stage. In the late stage, most of the diseased plants collapsed and rotted with white to grayish brown mycelia. Occasionally, black, spherical or irregular, small sclerotia formed on the stems and leaves of the diseased plants. The disease occurred in 1‒3% of the plants in three out of 20 surveyed v

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Sumaya, NPDN. "Characterization and pathogenicity of Aspergillus carbonarius on Coffea excelsa causing berry rot and premature fall in Southern Philippines." Plant Pathology & Quarantine 14, no. 1 (2024): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5943/ppq/14/1/4.

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Mycotoxigenic fungi in the family Aspergillaceae are among the most popular pathogens associated with post-harvest conditions. However, a recent discovery of a disease in 30–year–old trees of Excelsa coffee that caused black rot and resulted in the premature falling of the coffee berries in the Philippines. This study aims to characterize the pathogen of Coffea excelsa berries under pre-harvest conditions. Aspergillus carbonarius was ascertained through the combined results of cultural, morphological, molecular, and phylogenetic analyses of the rDNA ITS region of the isolate obtained from thir

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Stahr, Madison N., and Lina M. Quesada-Ocampo. "Black Rot of Sweetpotato: A Comprehensive Diagnostic Guide." Plant Health Progress 20, no. 4 (2019): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-08-19-0052-dg.

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Black rot of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) has been considered one of the most historically devastating diseases of the crop. The pathogen, Ceratocystis fimbriata (Ellis and Halst), is able to infect a variety of hosts including morning glory (Ipomoea sp.), coffee (Coffea sp.), and mango (Mangifera indica) over a wide geographic range. The slow-growing nature of the pathogen can lead to difficulty in isolating and maintaining cultures of the fungus. Thus, the objective for this diagnostic guide is to provide information about effective techniques for pathogen isolation, identification, storage

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Scruggs, A. C., T. Basaiah, M. L. Adams, and L. M. Quesada-Ocampo. "Genetic Diversity, Fungicide Sensitivity, and Host Resistance to Ceratocystis fimbriata Infecting Sweetpotato in North Carolina." Plant Disease 101, no. 6 (2017): 994–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-11-16-1583-re.

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Black rot of sweetpotato, caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata, has recently reemerged as a significant threat to sweetpotato production in North Carolina and other states across the United States. This disease has historically been controlled largely through cultural management strategies and, in some cases, fungicide application. The sudden and destructive reemergence of this disease in 2015 created the need for rapidly evaluating disease control strategies. Genetic diversity of current C. fimbriata isolates infecting sweetpotato in North Carolina was assessed using ITS, TEF, and MAT-2 sequences

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Suvarnaphaet, P., V. Tanmala, and M. Kanjanamaneesathian. "A nondestructive method to assess rot root severity of Lactuca sativa L." New Zealand Plant Protection 66 (January 8, 2013): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2013.66.5705.

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Root rot disease caused by aquatic fungi such as Aphanomyces sp and Pythium sp is prevalent in Lactuca sativa grown in a dynamic root floating technique (DRFT) hydroponic system in Phetchaburi College of Agriculture and Technology Thailand Roots of this plant have been severely infected with these fungi and plant growth has been affected resulting in a decline of yield over time Symptoms of root rot are initially characterised by tissue discoloration in some parts of the root followed by a loss of tissue integrity of the whole root In the DRFT system root rot symptoms of L sativa range from se

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U., Hiba Abdurahiman, Reshmy Vijayaraghavan, Shahida K., Sible George Varghese, and Surendra Gopal K. "PGPM Tablets: A Sustainable Solution for Managing Foot Rot Disease in Black Pepper." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 36, no. 12 (2024): 316–26. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i125205.

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Black pepper holds significant importance as a spice crop in Kerala, a state often referred to as the "Land of Spices" for its substantial contribution to India's economy through exports. Phytophthora foot rot poses a significant challenge in nurseries across the black pepper-growing regions of Kerala, leading to substantial economic losses for farmers. A study was undertaken to develop and evaluate a tablet formulation of Plant Growth Promoting Microbes (PGPM) and other biocontrol agents for promoting growth and managing foot rot disease in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.). The findings reveale

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Biango-Daniels, Megan N., and Kathie T. Hodge. "Paecilomyces Rot: A New Apple Disease." Plant Disease 102, no. 8 (2018): 1581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-12-17-1896-re.

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Paecilomyces niveus is an important food spoilage fungus that survives thermal processing in fruit products, where it produces the mycotoxin patulin. Spoilage of products has been attributed to soil contamination; however, little is known about the ecology of this organism. In this study, orchard soils and culled apple fruit were surveyed and the ability of P. niveus to infect apple was tested on two popular apple varieties. P. niveus was found in 34% of sampled orchard soils from across New York. Completing Koch’s postulates, P. niveus was demonstrated to cause postharvest disease in Gala and

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Drake*, Chrislyn A., and James F. Hancock. "Evaluation of Strawberry Genotypes for Tolerance to Black Root Rot." HortScience 39, no. 4 (2004): 889D—889. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.889d.

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Black root rot is a serious disease of strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch.) that causes the death of feeder roots, the degradation and blackening of structural roots, and an overall decrease in plant vigor and productivity. The causal organisms of black root rot are Rhizoctonia fragariae, Pythium sp. and Pratylenchus penetrans (the root lesion nematode). Each organism alone can cause extensive damage to strawberry roots, but studies have shown that black root rot may be more severe when all organisms are present, indicating there is an interaction between the fungal organisms and the nematode

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