Relevant bibliographies by topics / Blackout

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Blackout'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 July 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Blackout"

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Fu, Dong, Song Gao, Zhenhong Yan, Hongye Wu, Xiaohu Xu, and Kaili Xu. "Fault tree analysis of large-scale blackout accidents." E3S Web of Conferences 118 (2019): 01049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911801049.

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Fault tree analysis method is used to analyze the large-scale blackout accidents. Minimum cut sets and minimum path sets of large-scale blackout accidents are calculated, and the structural importance degree of the accidents is analyzed according to the minimum path sets. Direct factors that cause large-scale blackout accidents are determined. Effective measures are put forward to prevent large-scale blackouts, and the theoretical basis is put forward to prevent large-scale blackouts.
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Yu, Qun, Na Cao, Qilin Liu, Yuqing Qu, and Yumin Zhang. "Self-Organized Criticality and Trend Analysis in Time Series of Blackouts for the China Power Grid." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (August 29, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3075935.

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This paper proposes effective evidence on the correlation between trend and self-organized criticality (SOC) of the power outage sequence in China. Taking the data series of blackouts from 1981 to 2014 in the China power grid as the research object, the method of V/S is introduced into the analysis of the power system blackout sequence to demonstrate their prominent long-time correlations. It also verifies the probability distribution of load loss about blackout size in the China power grid has a tail feature, which shows that the time series of blackouts in the China power grid is consistent with SOC. Meanwhile, a kind of mathematical statistics analysis is presented to prove that there is a seasonal trend of blackouts, and the blackout frequency and blackout size have not decreased over time but have an upward trend in the China power grid, thereby indicating that blackout risk may be increasing with time. The last 34 years’ data samples of power failure accidents in the China power grid are used to test the proposed method, and the numerical results show that the proposed self-organized criticality and trend analysis method can pave the way for further exploration of the mechanism of power failure in the China power grid.
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Fotis, Georgios, Vasiliki Vita, and Theodoros I. Maris. "Risks in the European Transmission System and a Novel Restoration Strategy for a Power System after a Major Blackout." Applied Sciences 13, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13010083.

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Many citizens of European countries may soon experience a long and extensive blackout. The lack of predictability in the output of renewable energy sources, aggravating the problem of consistently matching supply with demand on electric grids, along with cyber-attacks or even worse unpredictable incidents in the electric grid are some factors that may mean a blackout is much more likely than in previous years. This paper covers the possibility of an extensive blackout in a country of the interconnected European electricity transmission system or, even worse, a blackout in a wide area of the European continent. The topic of this paper becomes even more important and timely given the energy crisis due to the war in Ukraine, which has made the possibility of a blackout in the winter of 2022–2023 high. First, the major European blackouts that occurred in the past 20 years are presented, examining their causes. On 8 January 2021, the European electricity grid was divided into two separate sections, with different frequencies; some additional scenarios are considered which, if they had happened, could have led to blackouts in some European countries or, even worse, a wide area of Europe. This work also examines how to avoid such an eventuality, as well as how European TSOs should react in case a blackout occurs. Focused on the fast and reliable supply of consumers after a blackout, a novel restoration strategy based on the A* Algorithm is presented. Its efficiency is validated in the IEEE-39 and IEEE-68 bus systems.
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Bonar, Erin E., Jason E. Goldstick, Rebecca M. Cunningham, Anne C. Fernandez, Alan K. Davis, Mark A. Ilgen, and Maureen A. Walton. "Individual and Social Factors Related to Trajectories of Blackouts among Underage Drinkers in the Emergency Department." Alcohol and Alcoholism 54, no. 4 (January 4, 2019): 370–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agy087.

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Abstract Aims Alcohol-related blackouts can result in acute injuries and other negative outcomes. Among underage risky drinkers, we examined longitudinal trajectories of blackout frequency following an emergency department (ED) visit, and identified baseline characteristics associated with blackout trajectory membership. Methods Participants (ages 14–20; N = 836) attending an ED who screened positive for risky drinking and enrolled in a randomized-controlled trial of brief alcohol interventions were assessed at baseline, 3-, 6-, and 12-months. We used group-based trajectory modeling to determine characteristic trajectories of blackout frequency over 12-months in relation to baseline characteristics: demographics, substance use, delinquency, depression/anxiety symptoms, sexual assault, dating violence, and peer and sibling influences. Results We identified four groups: No/Low blackouts (n = 248; 29.7%), Declining blackouts (n = 92; 11.0%), Moderate blackouts (n = 337; 40.3%) and High blackouts (n = 159; 19.0%); group membership did not differ based on intervention receipt. In adjusted analyses, compared to the No/Low group all other groups had higher odds of having an alcohol-related baseline ED visit. Female sex, alcohol consumption, prescription drug misuse, sexual assault while incapacitated due to substances, and negative peer influences were positively associated with membership in the High group; College/Greek life involvement was also highest. Negative peer influences and being in high school (vs. College/Greek life) also distinguished the Moderate group. Conclusion Blackout frequency was largely stable over time and riskier trajectories were marked by risk factors such as negative peer influences and college/Greek life involvement. Findings may inform targeted interventions, particularly for women who were in higher risk trajectories.
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Haes Alhelou, Hassan, Mohamad Hamedani-Golshan, Takawira Njenda, and Pierluigi Siano. "A Survey on Power System Blackout and Cascading Events: Research Motivations and Challenges." Energies 12, no. 4 (February 20, 2019): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12040682.

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Power systems are the most complex systems and have great importance in modern life. They have direct impacts on the modernization, economic, political and social aspects. To operate such systems in a stable mode, several control and protection techniques are required. However, modern systems are equipped with several protection schemes with the aim of avoiding the unpredicted events and power outages, power systems are still encountering emergency and mal-operation situations. The most severe emergencies put the whole or at least a part of the system in danger. If the emergency is not well managed, the power system is likely to have cascading failures that might lead to a blackout. Due to the consequences, many countries around the world have research and expert teams who work to avoid blackouts on their systems. In this paper, a comprehensive review on the major blackouts and cascading events that have occurred in the last decade are introduced. A particular focus is given on the US power system outages and their causes since it is one of the leading power producers in the world and it is also due to the ready availability of data for the past events. The paper also highlights the root causes of different blackouts around the globe. Furthermore, blackout and cascading analysis methods and the consequences of blackouts are surveyed. Moreover, the challenges in the existing protective schemes and research gaps in the topic of power system blackout and cascading events are marked out. Research directions and issues to be considered in future power system blackout studies are also proposed.
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Gropper, Catherine C., and Benjamin C. Anderson. "Sellout, Blackout, or Get Out." Journal of Sports Economics 19, no. 4 (August 31, 2016): 522–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527002516661600.

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Prior to the 2012-2013 season, National Football League franchises had the option to significantly adjust their TV blackout policies for the first time since 1973. Using data from team policy choices and local TV blackouts during the 2007-2008 to 2014-2015 seasons, we examine whether the policy change was effective in reducing the probability of blackouts or affected attendance. Controlling for team fixed effects, we find no evidence that policy-adopting teams experienced significantly fewer blackouts or a change in attendance following the policy implementation. Our analysis sheds light on the economic factors that are correlated with local TV blackouts and game attendance.
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Jackson, Judith, David I. Donaldson, and Benjamin Dering. "The morning after the night before: Alcohol-induced blackouts impair next day recall in sober young adults." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 3, 2021): e0250827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250827.

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Binge-drinking in adolescents and young adults is a widespread problem, however, an often unreported consequence of binge-drinking behaviour is an alcohol-induced memory blackout (MBO). An MBO is a transient amnesic event resulting from rapid, excessive alcohol consumption. Here, we examine the short-term impact of an alcohol-induced MBO event (testing < 20 hours after blackout) on memory performance in people who have experienced a high volume of MBOs. In addition, we aimed to test the hypothesis that people who experience a high volume of MBOs may have poorer recall than non-blackout controls in either sober or intoxicated states. Three episodic memory paradigms consisting of free recall, serial recall, and depth of encoding tasks, were conducted by a group of alcohol drinkers who had never experienced a memory blackout, and those who reported at least 9 in the preceding 12-months. Studies were completed sober and after alcohol by all participants, and sober but after blackout by the experimental group. Accuracy of recall was assessed with linear mixed effects modelling for all experiments and conditions. Recall rate both before and after alcohol consumption was similar between groups, with poorer recall after drinking alcohol by all participants in all three studies. After blackout, MBO participants showed no significant improvement from their intoxicated state in serial recall and depth of encoding tasks, but an improvement in free recall. Further analysis of these findings revealed that 10 out of 23 participants showed significantly impaired performance after blackout during free recall, extending up to 17 participants in serial recall. In general, alcohol reduced recall rate in both blackout and control participants similarly, but recall following MBO remained poor. Our evidence suggests that alcohol-induced blackouts impair memory functioning the next day, and future research should establish the duration of deficits after an acute alcohol-induced blackout episode.
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Mbuya, Benson H., Aleksandar Dimovski, Marco Merlo, and Thomas Kivevele. "Very Short-Term Blackout Prediction for Grid-Tied PV Systems Operating in Low Reliability Weak Electric Grids of Developing Countries." Complexity 2022 (September 8, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4763820.

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Sub-Saharan emerging countries experience electrical shortages resulting in power rationing, which ends up hampering economic activities. This paper proposes an approach for very short-term blackout forecast in grid-tied PV systems operating in low reliability weak electric grids of emerging countries. A pilot project was implemented in Arusha-Tanzania; it mainly comprised of a PV-inverter and a lead-acid battery bank connected to the local electricity utility company, Tanzania Electric Supply Company Limited (TANESCO). A very short-term power outage prediction model framework based on a hybrid random forest (RF) algorithm was developed using open-source Python machine learning libraries and using a dataset generated from the pilot project’s experimental microgrid. Input data sampled at a 15-minute interval included day of the month, weekday, hour, supply voltage, utility line frequency, and previous days’ blackout profiles. The model was composed of an adaptive similar day (ASD) module that predicts 15 minutes ahead from a sliding window lookup table spanning 2 weeks prior to the prediction target day, after which ASD prediction was fused with RF prediction, giving a final optimised RF-ASD blackout prediction model. Furthermore, the efficacy analysis of the short-term blackout prediction of the formulated RF, ASD, and RF-ASD regression and classification algorithms was compared. Considering the stochastic nature of blackouts, their performance was found to be fair in short-term blackout predictions of the test site’s weak grid using limited input data from the point of coupling of the user. The models developed were only able to predict blackouts if they occurred frequently and contiguously, but they performed poorly if they were sparse or dispersed.
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Bolbot, Victor, Gerasimos Theotokatos, Evangelos Boulougouris, George Psarros, and Rainer Hamann. "A Combinatorial Safety Analysis of Cruise Ship Diesel–Electric Propulsion Plant Blackout." Safety 7, no. 2 (May 14, 2021): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/safety7020038.

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Diesel–Electric Propulsion (DEP) has been widely used for the propulsion of various ship types including cruise ships. Considering the potential consequences of blackouts, especially on cruise ships, it is essential to design and operate the ships’ power plants for avoiding and preventing such events. This study aims at implementing a comprehensive safety analysis for a cruise ship Diesel–Electric Propulsion (DEP) plant focusing on blackout events. The Combinatorial Approach to Safety Analysis (CASA) method is used to develop Fault Trees considering the blackout as the top event, and subsequently estimate the blackout frequency as well as implement importance analysis. The derived results demonstrate that the overall blackout frequency is close to corresponding values reported in the pertinent literature as well as estimations based on available accident investigations. This study deduces that the blackout frequency depends on the number of operating Diesel Generator (DG) sets, the DG set’s loading profile, the amount of electrical load that can be tripped during overload conditions and the plant operation phase. In addition, failures of the engine auxiliary systems and the fast-electrical load reduction functions, as well as the power generation control components, are identified as important. This study demonstrates the applicability of the CASA method to complex marine systems and reveals the parameters influencing the investigated system blackout frequency, thus providing better insights for these systems’ safety analysis and enhancement.
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Raplee, Jack. "Blackout Punch." Mechanical Engineering 123, no. 08 (August 1, 2001): 68–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2001-aug-6.

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A California landscaper discovers an unorthodox solution to rolling blackouts, using remote power generation. The AuraGen remote power unit, under the hood of Sepulveda Building Materials’ service truck, could provide enough power to keep the company operating during a rolling blackout. With the onset of the summer months, rolling blackouts are likely to continue, possibly with increasing regularity as California’s energy crunch extends. The result is that many companies will still suffer more from the lack of power supply and the increasing heat. The mainframe computer, an IBM Power P C, is networked and communicates with the other stores using Strata model telephone tie lines from Toshiba Phone Systems. Al Fergades, director of vehicle maintenance for Sepulveda, suggested that the company run cables to his service truck and use the power from the onboard generator. The company has been able to evaluate exactly which office machines need to be operating when a power outage occurs again, because now it has had the chance to think about it.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Blackout"

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Lugo, Gabriel. "Blackout." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2021. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/965.

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An anti-social, grieving son avoiding his 21st birthday, his overworked mother stranded on a business trip, and his commitment-phobic older sister reliving her youth, reunite during a major blackout in Puerto Rico after a devastating loss to the family.
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Gideonsson, Lisa. "Blackout poem." Thesis, Kungl. Konsthögskolan, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kkh:diva-27.

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En text om frånvaro och glömska som alternativ metod i skapandet. Baserad på de 26 ord som dikten Blackout poem består av, vilka relaterar till en minneslucka, skriven av Gideonsson. Med följande till texten är en 10" vinyl som innehåller 4 spår skapade av Gideonsson från 2010-2013 som relaterar till temat.
[I examensarbetet ingår utställningen "Instead of a tick, I went for a thump":] Utsällningen består av två stycken ljudverk vilka båda behandlar ett sorts tidsföde.\r\n\r\nInstead if a tick, I went for a thump består av två metronomer som går in och ur synk  genom den ena metronomens defekt. Deras intergrerade ljud transformeras till ett djupt bas beat som ljuder i lokalen och kan upplevas fysisk, speciellt när man sitter på bänkarna i rummet. \r\n\r\nBlackout III är en performativ ljudinstallation som består av tre rullbandare där ett magnetband löper i en sammanhängande loop. Från början ett tomt band som sedan regelbundet fylls på med sonisk information. Ljudet består av min  röst som räknar från 1 och uppåt. Detta spelas in på ena bandaren samtidigt som de andra bandarna återger vad som just spelats in. Rösten återkommer och förföljs. Material: Metronomer, rullbandare Teknik: Ljudverk, performance

Utställningen är starkt intergrerad med essän, vilken även fanns att tilgå i ett exemplar på utställningen, och vinylen fanns för lyssning,

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Bengtsson, Mattias, and Kristian Andersen. "Hur dokumenteras blackout ombord på fartyg? : En studie av haverirapporter där blackout var en del av händelseförloppet." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Sjöfartshögskolan (SJÖ), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-33984.

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Ombord på fartyg är det inte önskvärt att få strömavbrott, en så kallad blackout. Examensarbetet har undersökt i vilken utsträckning det är möjligt att utföra jämförande och förebyggande studier med haverirapporter från europeiska flaggstater som underlag. Detta för att undersöka återkommande brister, på fartyg eller i arbetet ombord som har orsakat blackout. Dessutom har även möjligheterna till att kunna kategorisera fallen undersökts. Kategorierna var tekniskt fel, operativt fel och organisationsfel. I ungefär häften av fallen gick det inte att kategorisera en blackout till ett fel, eftersom det annars var en kombination av fel. Däremot finns återkommande fel där händelseförloppen är väldigt lika. Till exempel var heta ytor inte korrekt isolerade, vilket resulterade i brand vid bränsleläckage. Undersökningen visar att det finns en bristfällig symmetri i rapporteringen av haveri med avseende på språk, struktur, omfattning och publiceringsform. Brister fanns även på sökfunktionerna i databaserna.
On board vessels it is not desirable to have a power failure, a so-called blackout. The thesis has investigated to what extent it is feasible to perform comparative and preventive studies with the accident reports from European flag states as a basis. This in order to investigate recurring shortcomings, of the vessels or in the work on board that has caused the blackout. In addition the possibility to categorize the cases was investigated. The categories were technical errors, operational errors and organization errors. Roughly half of the cases show that a single category of fault could not be identified due to a combination of faults leading to the blackout. However there are recurring cases with almost identical scenarios. For example unsatisfactory insulation caused fires due to leaking fuel hitting the hot surfaces. The survey shows that there is a lack of symmetry regarding the language used, structure, scope and form of publication. It also showed faults in the search engines of the databases.
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bin, Mohd Ariff Mohd. "Adaptive protection and control for wide-area blackout prevention." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/24488.

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Technical analyses of several recent power blackouts revealed that a group of generators going out-of-step with the rest of the power system is often a precursor of a complete system collapse. Out-of-step protection is designed to assess the stability of the evolving swing after a disturbance and take control action accordingly. However, the settings of out-of-step relays are found to be unsatisfactory due to the fact that the electromechanical swings that occurred during relay commissioning are different in practice. These concerns motivated the development of a novel approach to recalculate the out-of-step protection settings to suit the prevalent operating condition. With phasor measurement unit (PMU) technology, it is possible to adjust the setting of out-of-step relay in real-time. The setting of out-of-step relay is primarily determined by three dynamic parameters: direct axis transient reactance, quadrature axis speed voltage and generator inertia. In a complex power network, these parameters are the dynamic parameters of an equivalent model of a coherent group of generators. Hence, it is essential to identify the coherent group of generators and estimate the dynamic model parameters of each generator in the system first in order to form the dynamic model equivalent in the system. The work presented in this thesis develops a measurement-based technique to identify the coherent areas of power system network by analysing the measured data obtained from the system. The method is based on multivariate analysis of the signals, using independent component analysis (ICA). Also, a technique for estimating the dynamic model parameters of the generators in the system has been developed. The dynamic model parameters of synchronous generators are estimated by processing the PMU measurements using unscented Kalman filter (UKF).
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Occhino, Silvio <1992&gt. "BlackOUT: from Senegal to Brazil. The importance of being Branco." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/13683.

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Questo lavoro è una ricerca che ha come obiettivo lo studio di un preciso fenomeno migratorio il quale iniziò ad affermarsi, in maniera più solida e distintiva, nell'anno 2010. Infatti, il flusso migratorio dal Senegal al Brasile possiede delle radici decisamente attuali. L'analisi del flusso in questione ha però anche delle finalità socio antropologiche in quanto, a prescindere dalla mera esegesi del percorso intrapreso dai migranti senegalesi, questo studio ha intenzione di evidenziare, alla luce delle relazioni sociali fra i due popoli, la persistenza di un razzismo vibrante che si annida dentro i confini del territorio brasiliano. Ciò che nasce come una passione personale, suscitata dalla lettura di studi socioculturali e demo-etno-antropologici riguardanti le comunità dell'Africa sub-sahariana, con particolare riferimento alle terre emerse nella parte occidentale del suddetto continente, sfocerà in un'analisi che mirerà a delineare i perché che stanno alla base del flusso in questione e tutte le conseguenze che discernono da ciò e che, soprattutto, sfociano in temi che, necessariamente e forzatamente, hanno risvolti antropologici. Lo studio delle strutture sociali di due diversi paesi, in questo caso Senegal e Brasile, è una disciplina tanto datata quanto sempre molto attuale che ha come scopo principale la disamina del sistema dei rapporti fondati su due pilastri teorici: "cultura" e "società". Lo studio in questione si basa sulla correlazione fra due paesi tanto distanti quanto apparentemente senza nessuna specifica reciprocità. Una ex colonia francese, il Senegal, ed una ex colonia portoghese, il Brasile, hanno apparentemente una esclusiva matrice comune, cioè aver subito una dominazione coloniale. Nonostante ogni discrepanza associativa, lo studio propone alcune somiglianze in essere fra i due che sfociano in una migrazione e nell'incontro tra due popoli che diviene paradossalmente un non-incontro. Dal punto di vista strutturale la tesi è suddivisa in tre capitoli, ognuno dei quali analizza e discute delle tematiche che hanno a che fare, geograficamente, con due diverse aree: quella dell'Africa occidentale, dove sorge il Senegal e quella brasiliana, sfogo finale di questo flusso.
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Wiggam, Marc Patrick. "The Blackout in Britain and Germany during the Second World War." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3246.

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The impact of air raid precautions in Britain and Germany has received little scholarly attention since the end of the Second World War. Of the protective measures brought about as a result of the invention of the bomber, the blackout was by far the most intrusive and extensive form of civil defence. Yet the historiography of the home front and the bombing war in Britain and Germany has tended to sideline the blackout, or else ignore it entirely. The lack of study given to the blackout is at odds with the scale of its impact across wartime society. This thesis furthers understanding of the blackout and the social history of the British and German home fronts by contextualising the blackout within the development of aviation, and its social and economic effects. It also examines the impact technology could have on the relationship between state and citizens, and addresses the lack of comparative research on Britain and Germany during the Second World War. The thesis draws on extensive research conducted in local and national government archives in Britain and Germany, as well as a wide range of secondary literature on the war and inter-war period. It argues that the blackout was a profound expansion of the state into the lives of each nation’s citizens, and though it was set within two politically very different states, it brought with it similar practical and social problems. The blackout, as the most ‘social’ form of civil defence, is an ideal aspect of the war by which to compare the British and German home fronts. Ultimately, the differences between the two countries were less important than the shared sense of obligation that the blackout principle was intended to foster within the wartime community.
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Babouček, Petr. "Možné dopady terorismu na ekonomiku států." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-8183.

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Po 11. září 2001 po útocích na USA se stal terorismus součástí života západních demokratických států. Samotným problémem je však chápání a výklad pojmu terorismus. Navíc je otázkou, jaký vliv má terorismus na ekonomiku států. Co se týká České republiky, není příliš mnoho teroristických cílů na jejím území, které by mohly v takovém rozsahu přímo ohrozit nejen hospodářství České republiky, ale i hospodářství okolních zemí a možná i celé Evropské unie, jako je sektor elektroenergetiky.
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Babouček, Petr Ing. "Možné dopady terorismu na ekonomiku států." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-165181.

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Po 11. září 2001 po útocích na USA se stal terorismus součástí života západních demokratických států. Samotným problémem je však chápání a výklad pojmu terorismus. Navíc je otázkou, jaký vliv má terorismus na ekonomiku států. Co se týká České republiky, není příliš mnoho teroristických cílů na jejím území, které by mohly v takovém rozsahu přímo ohrozit nejen hospodářství České republiky, ale i hospodářství okolních zemí a možná i celé Evropské unie, jako je sektor elektroenergetiky.
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Banerjee, Abhishek. "Resilient Monitoring and Robust Control towards Blackout Prevention in Modern Power Grids." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/31778.

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This dissertation embodies a comprehensive approach towards resilient monitoring of frid events using Structure Preserving Energy Functions (SPEFs) and introduces a novel control architecture in Multi Terminal Direct Current (MTDC) grids, for inter-area oscillation damping and achieving robustness to AC as well as DC side, post-contingency events in the modern power grid. This work is presented as a collection of several publications which investigate and address the proposed research topics. At first, SPEFs are derived for multi-machine IEEE benchmark models with the help of the Wide-Area Measurements (WAMs). A physics-based hybrid approach to develop one-to-one mapping between properties of energy function components with respect to the type of fault in the system is introduced. The proposed method is tested offline on a IEEE-39 bus, New England Test System (NETS), with particular interest in monitoring the most sensitive energy functions during relay misoperations. Such events can be precipitated by zone 3 trips in distance relays due to load encroachment during stressed conditions. These might include a genuine misoperation, a false trip due to cyber-attacks, or a load encroachment, all of which are undesirable under normal operating circumstances. An online monitoring scheme is introduced in an actual blackout simulation in the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) to examine what further indications these energy function components can provide, especially during a cascading sequence, and how they could supervise critical tripping decisions by distance relays. Next, a futuristic grid comprised of Voltage Source Converter (VSC) based AC-MTDC is considered due to its recent proliferation in integrating offshore wind farms to onshore grids, and additionally improving strength of weak AC grids. A robust control is designed using the converter station poles as actuators to provide damping support to the surrounding AC grid. Further, a design problem is envisioned and implemented that introduces disturbance rejection into control architecture by designing a novel explicitly modeled disturbance plant in the Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) framework. Finally, a novel robust inter-area oscillation damping controller is designed that proves its effectiveness in inter-area mode settling times, and provides robustness to (n-1) contingencies in the AC as well as the DC side of the meshed AC-MTDC grid.
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Anwar, Amir Shahzad. "New techniques in the management of transient loss of consciousness (TLOC) or blackout." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/new-techniques-in-the-management-of-transient-loss-of-consciousness-tloc-or-blackout(fd47e2e9-d5fc-4806-85e9-7af16f263149).html.

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Collapse is defined as an “abrupt loss of postural control” and is very common presentation to primary and secondary care. It accounts up to 3% of emergency department cases, and 6% of hospital admissions. Many patients are labelled with “collapse?cause”. It should be appreciated that collapse can be with or without TLOC/blackout. Causes without TLOC include falls, transient ischemic attacks, cerebrovascular accidents, road traffic accidents, metabolic abnormalities and intoxication. However, most collapse patients have TLOC. Most common causes are syncope, epilepsy or psychogenic blackouts. There are many similarities and overlap of clinical features leading to misdiagnosis. There are huge variations in the ways TLOC patients are assessed and managed. Patients are dealt by different specialties in different clinical settings. There is lack of clinical tools for assessment and poor risk stratification. Most clinicians take a “safe approach” and as a result, TLOC patients are often admitted to hospital unnecessarily and over investigated, which can increase confusion and healthcare cost. We have therefore tried to approach these issues via a dedicated “Rapid Access Blackout Triage Clinic” (RABTC). In this thesis, we have addressed the problem of TLOC in five projects arising from the triage of patients seen in that clinic. Chapter 1 expands the scene-setting for the thesis. Chapter 2 reports outcomes of a specialist nurse-lead RABTC. The clinic uses custom clinical evaluation and risk stratification tools for patients with TLOC with cardiologist supervision (author). Nearly two thirds of patients presenting to the RABTC are over 65 years. Chapter 3 reports outcome of pacemaker insertions in elderly patients for minor ECG abnormalities that are not current indications for pacemaker insertion. We speculated that such abnormalities could progress suddenly and transiently at the time of TLOC. Patients underwent pacemaker implantation directly avoiding further investigations, delay, and the risk of further blackouts and injury. Large numbers of patients with blackouts referred to the RABTC have had many investigations elsewhere with no conclusion. In chapter 4, we studied the effect of long term insertable ECG monitor (ILR) which can help making early diagnosis and avoid unnecessary investigations. We explored the impact of the ILR on time to Symptom/ECG correlation and time-to-diagnosis. There remains nearly half of the patients where even ILR is unable to explain the TLOC. Ideally, ILR would detect ECG, Blood Pressure and the Electroencephalogram, (EEG). These physiological parameters would be sufficient to distinguish between syncope, epilepsy and psychogenic blackouts. In Chapter 5 the results of in-depth analysis of the ECG in these patients are presented. Heart rate variability was used to calculate sympathovagal balance. The patients were recruited using video telemetry data from a Regional epilepsy centre. Finally, treatment of TLOC depends on its underlying cause and by far the most common cause is reflex syncope. So far, no treatment has proven benefit in this situation. One drug, midodrine an alpha-adrenoceptor agonist, has had several albeit unsatisfactory randomised controlled trial. We describe our experience of midodrine in this condition in Chapter 6. Chapter 7 summarises what has been contributed by this thesis.
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Books on the topic "Blackout"

1

ill, Spaziante Patrick, ed. Blackout! New York: Simon Spotlight, 2005.

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Blackout. New York: S. French, 1997.

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Weiner, Eric. Blackout! New York: Bantam Books, 1993.

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Pasini, Mislav. Blackout. Zagreb: Profil International, 2004.

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Blackout. New York: Jove Books, 2001.

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Blackout. Oklahoma City, OK]: Books on the Edge, 2015.

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Thomas, Angie, Nicola Yoon, and Ashley Woodfolk. Blackout. New York, NY: Quill Tree Books, 2021.

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Blackout. London: Bitter Lemon, 2008.

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Man, Method. Blackout! New York: Def Jam, 2009.

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Blackout. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Blackout"

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Chaubey, Vikas P., Kevin B. Laupland, Christopher B. Colwell, Gina Soriya, Shelden Magder, Jonathan Ball, Jennifer M. DiCocco, et al. "Blackout." In Encyclopedia of Intensive Care Medicine, 330. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00418-6_1220.

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Zegers, Kip. "Blackout." In The Promise Is, 33. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4994-8_22.

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Demos, T. J. "Blackout." In Art and Activism in the Age of Systemic Crisis, 49–61. New York : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429269189-4.

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Paraha, Tru, and Theron Schmidt. "Blackout." In The Routledge Companion to Performance Philosophy, 437–46. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge companions; 18: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003035312-51.

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Weik, Martin H. "blackout." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 130. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_1652.

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Hariharan, M. V., S. D. Varwandkar, and Pragati P. Gupta. "Blackout Incipient." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 85–102. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0497-1_9.

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Wieland, Sabine, and Andreas Hartmann. "Schwarmintelligenz gegen Blackout." In IT-Prüfung, Sicherheitsaudit und Datenschutzmodell, 131–43. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-17469-9_9.

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Dickinson, Phillip. "Shallow Water Blackout." In Drowning, 571–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04253-9_88.

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Ishikawa, Michio. "Tsunami and Station Blackout." In A Study of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Accident Process, 159–74. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55543-8_5.

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Bilò, Davide, Gianlorenzo D’Angelo, Luciano Gualà, Stefano Leucci, and Mirko Rossi. "Blackout-Tolerant Temporal Spanners." In Algorithmics of Wireless Networks, 31–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22050-0_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Blackout"

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Ohno, T., and S. Imai. "The 1987 Tokyo Blackout." In 2006 IEEE PES Power Systems Conference and Exposition. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/psce.2006.296325.

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Al-Salim, Kasim Abdul-Kadir, Ivan Andonovic, and Craig Michie. "A cyclic blackout mitigation system." In 2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/energycon.2014.6850476.

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Morison, Kip, Lei Wang, and Hamid Hamadani. "New Tools for Blackout Prevention." In 2006 IEEE PES Power Systems Conference and Exposition. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/psce.2006.296326.

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Dobson, Ian, Kevin R. Wierzbicki, Janghoon Kim, and Hui Ren. "Towards quantifying cascading blackout risk." In 2007 iREP Symposium - Bulk Power System Dynamics and Control - VII. Revitalizing Operational Reliability. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irep.2007.4410554.

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De-Tao Mao, J. R. Marti, and K. D. Srivastava. "Mitigating blackout along the cascading pathways." In 2009 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Homeland Security (HST). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ths.2009.5168028.

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Ramjatan, Sahadeo, Subrata Roy, Thierry E. Magin, Thorsten Scholz, Vincent Van der Haegen, and Jan Thoemel. "Blackout Analysis of Small Reentry Vehicles." In 53rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2015-2081.

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Gou, Bei, and Weibiao Wu. "Possibility of power system blackout prediction." In the ACM/IEEE 4th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2502524.2502561.

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Schmaranz, R., M. Weixelbraun, S. Brandl, K. Kck, H. Renner, M. Marketz, and J. Polster. "Blackout: key aspects for grid restoration." In 22nd International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2013). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2013.0530.

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Loi Lei Lai, Hao Tian Zhang, Chun Sing Lai, Fang Yuan Xu, and Sukumar Mishra. "Investigation on July 2012 Indian blackout." In 2013 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (ICMLC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2013.6890450.

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Hou, Yunhe, Shengwei Mei, Huafeng Zhou, and Jin Zhong. "Blackout prevention: Managing complexity with technology." In Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2008.4596192.

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Reports on the topic "Blackout"

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Petitet, Marie, Frank Felder, and Khalid Alhadhrami. One Year After the Texas Blackout: Lessons for Reliable and Resilient Power Systems. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2022-dp09.

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In February 2021, Texas experienced an extreme cold snap causing a dramatic electricity blackout that left millions of households without electricity, resulting in over 200 fatalities and economic damages of approximately $100 billion. The Texas blackout has been used to support a variety of claims regarding renewable energy, electricity markets and climate change. We identify the blackout’s drivers and what has been learned since then. These lessons apply to power systems worldwide, including those of the Gulf Cooperation Council and the broader Middle East and North Africa region.
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Allhutter, Doris, ed. Sichere Stromversorgung und Blackout-Vorsorge in Österreich.pdf. Vienna: self, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/ita-pb-ait-17.

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Rhodes, D. B., R. C. Hill, and R. G. Wensel. Reactor coolant pump shaft seal stability during station blackout. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6461131.

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Zhao, Haihua, Hongbin Zhang, Ling Zou, David Andrs, Ray Berry, and Richard Martineau. Refined Boiling Water Reactor Station Blackout Simulation with RELAP-7. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1169246.

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Ayers, Cynthia E., and Kenneth D. Chrosniak. Terminal Blackout: Critical Electric Infrastructure Vulnerabilities and Civil-Military Resiliency. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada606108.

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Gasser, R. D., P. P. Bieniarz, and J. L. Tills. Analysis of station blackout accidents for the Bellefonte pressurized water reactor. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7047133.

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Kim, T., T. Sumner, and T. Fanning. Assessment of Pump Coastdown and Reactor Protection Scram Delays during Station Blackout Conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1868342.

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Jimenez M., Raul. Are Blackout Days Free of Charge?: Valuation of Individual Preferences for Improved Electricity Services. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000742.

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Knudson, D. L., and C. A. Dobbe. Assessment of the potential for high-pressure melt ejection resulting from a Surry station blackout transient. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10108308.

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Madni, I. K. Analysis of Long-Term Station Blackout without automatic depressurization at Peach Bottom using MELCOR (Version 1.8). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10159734.

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