Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Blé dur'
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Vianey-Liaud, Nicolas. "Etude de la glutathion réductase du grain de blé dur : aspects physiologiques, biochimiques et implications technologiques." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20153.
Full textVion, Bourgeois Emmanuelle. "Caractérisation et expression de gènes de blé dur induits en conditions de stress abiotiques." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20223.
Full textRegnier, Thierry. "Les composés phénoliques du blé dur (Triticum turgidum L. Var. Durum) : variations au cours du développement et de la maturation du grain, relations avec l'apparition de la moucheture." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20092.
Full textFraignier, Marie-Pierre. "Etude des péroxydases de blé dur (Triticum durum Desf. ) : implication dans le brunissement enzymatique des pâtes alimentaires." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20078.
Full textIcard-Vernière, Christèle. "De la semoule de blé dur aux pâtes alimentaires fraîches : évènements physiques et biochimiques." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20167.
Full textGhaemi, Maryam. "Androgenèse in vitro chez le blé dur (Triticum turgidum L. ) : études des facteurs génétiques et environnementaux : [thèse en partie soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux]." Toulouse, INPT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPT021A.
Full textHebrard, Anne. "Agglomération de la semoule de blé dur en couscous." École nationale supérieure agronomique (Montpellier), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENSA0023.
Full textThere is a lack of global process engineering approach to food powder processing in particular for the transformation of semolina in couscous. Semolina of durum wheat is not a simple granular solid but a one in which various complex interactions (solid - solid and liquid - solid interactions) occur during agglomeration. A methodological and systemic investigation of semolina agglomeration in couscous processing bas been developed at 3 levels of characterisation. The properties of the semolina, its reactivity under hydration and the ability to agglomerate in various granulation processes with binder addition have been studied. Semolina reactivity under hydration has been interpreted by its intrinsic properties. The biochemical composition of semolina influence water sorption, water structural alteration and also water sorption mechanisms and water diffusion. Semolina wetting, water diffusion, water sorption kinetics depend on the physical properties of semolina and particularly on the size and the surface area of the solid particles. Eventually, sorption thermodynamics properties bring information about the energy of sorption. The study of semolina agglomeration in various granulation processes (wetting-mixing process, plansichter, fluidised bed and "PREMIX") shows the influence of granulation parameters on agglomeration and agglomerates growth for couscous processing. Agglomeration and growth are influenced by hydration rate or more precisely by surface hydration of semolina (water stabilisation into the grain penalises agglomeration) and less by binder distribution and by mixing dispersion. Furthermore, recycled particles do not induce growth. This global investigation ënables us to examine the possibilities for optimizillg the traditional couscous agglomeration processing and to propose an innovative process in this field of granulation
Lacaze, Xavier. "Interprétation des interactions génotype x environnement et étude des Déterminants génétiques de l'adaptation : exemple de la teneur en protéines du grain de blé dur (Triticum turgidum)." École nationale supérieure agronomique (Montpellier), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENSA0019.
Full textBordeaux, David. "Modélisation de systèmes complexes par décomposition en sous ensembles : application au broyage du blé dur." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20026.
Full textAnciaux-Geneix, Nathalie. "Interactions protéines-protéines et construction de la texture du grain de blé." Nantes, 2016. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=324d6f68-a0af-4c27-9c3f-3ea60349c007.
Full textThe texture of wheat kernel is essential for its end-uses. Hardness, the main parameter describing kernel texture (“hard” and “soft” phenotypes), is closely related to a locus containing the genes encoding puroindolines (PINs), PINA and PINB, proteins located in the starchprotein matrix of the wheat endosperm. The physicochemical mechanisms, which accounts for these relationships are still matter of debate. In this context, the self-association of PINs shows that a single mutation of PINB changes its aggregative properties and indirectly, those of PINA. These interactions fit well with the expression of the “hard” and “soft” phenotype and emphasize the significant role of protein-protein interactions in the expression of kernel texture. In regard to the co-localisation of PINs and prolamins, storage proteins of wheat, within the endosperm, we investigated the interactions between PINA and gliadins, a protein fraction of prolamins. The interaction of PINA with gliadins is a highly cooperative phenomenon leading to the growth of large protein aggregates. This interaction could specifically involve -gliadins and especially their repeat domain. These results show, for the first time, that protein-protein interactions are seemingly a significant mechanism for the expression of kernel texture. In agreement with this mechanism, we observed a close and linear relationship between the expression level of PINA in a “hard” genetic background through PSI (Particle Size Index) measurements, a marker of grain hardness and indirectly of the strengths that control the assembly of the endosperm starchprotein matrix
Amellal, Najat. "Rôle de bactéries productrices d'exopolysaccharides dans la rhizosphère du blé dur." Nancy 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN10093.
Full textYan, Bo-Fang. "Ecophysiologie de l'allocation du cadmium au grain chez le blé dur." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0114/document.
Full textCadmium (Cd) is a toxic element. Human activities have contaminated a wide range of agricultural soils. Most of Cd entering human bodies is through the dietary intake, and especially through staple food like cereals. Durum wheat naturally accumulates more Cd in its grains than other cereals. A significant fraction of the French durum wheat production has been found to exceed the European regulatory limit set for Cd. There is thus a need to reduce the accumulation of Cd in durum wheat grains. This thesis is dedicated to a better understanding of the ecophysiology of Cd allocation to the grains in durum wheat, with the ambition of helping to find agronomic strategies to reduce the Cd contamination level of durum wheat products.In first, we investigated the relationship between the aboveground partitioning of Cd and the shoot allometry. We hypothesized that the partitioning of shoot biomass between grains and straws is a driver of the allocation of Cd to the grains. Eight French durum wheat cultivars differing in their stem height were grown in presence of Cd. As expected, the main factor explaining the difference in their grain Cd was the shoot biomass partitioning. Cultivars allocating a higher proportion of their aerial biomass to the straws, i.e. long-stem cultivars, tended to accumulate less Cd in their grains because stems and leaves are sinks for Cd in competition with developing grains.Minerals imported into cereal grains originate from either direct post-anthesis root uptake or from the remobilization of pre-anthesis stores. The second part of this work was dedicated to determine the quantitative importance of these two pathways for Cd in durum wheat, and how their relative contribution vary between cultivars and with the level of nitrogen (N) supply. Stable isotopic labelling was used to trace the flux of Cd taken up post-anthesis. The impact of N supply was tested by depriving half of the plants of N after anthesis, in two cultivars showing a contrasted ability to accumulate Cd in their grains. The contribution of Cd remobilization was around 50%, which means that half of Cd in grains originated from Cd taken up pre-anthesis. Cd was remobilized from stems, possibly from roots, but not from leaves. The contribution of remobilization did not vary between the two cultivars so that no relationship between the pathway and the level of accumulation of Cd in grain was evidenced. Post-anthesis N deprivation triggered the remobilization of N without affecting that of Cd, which suggests that Cd remobilization is a senescent-independent process.In third, we investigated how the characteristics of Cd allocation to the grains was affected by the level of Cd exposure. [...]In last, we focused on how Cd was distributed within durum wheat grains. [...] This work provided the first map of Cd localization in durum wheat grains. Cd distribution was characterized by a strong accumulation of Cd in the crease and by a non-negligible dissemination in the starchy endosperm, as compared to Fe and Zn
Jemmali, Lamia. "Stimulateurs des défenses naturelles du blé dur en Tunisie et du blé tendre en France contre la septoriose causée par Zymoseptoria tritici." Thesis, Littoral, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DUNK0455/document.
Full textThe durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf, DW) as well as the bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell, BW) is strongly affected by septoria leaf blotch (STB) caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Zymoseptoria tritici. First, the present work was used to study of the compatible interaction wheat-Z-tritici. The study of the compatible interaction among pathosystems BD/St-08-46 Z-tritici strain an BT/TO1193 Z-tritici strain revealed the induction of defense pathways in both studied pathosystems, but with slight differences. Then, the study of the interaction of Z. tritici with a resistant durum wheat cultivar showed the fungus resistance of association is related to the inhibition of the direct penetration, sporulation and the avtivity of the fungal enzymes degrading plant cell walls (endo-β-1,4-xylanase, endo-β-1,3-glucanase and protease). They seem to be strongly related to the severity of Z. tritici in both BW and DW. In addition, this study revealed the involvement of several genes in the resistance of DW against Z. tritici such as PR2 genes (β-1,3-glucanase), Chi 4 precursor (precursor of Class IV chitinase), Pox (peroxidase), Msr (methionine sulfoxide reductase) and Bsil (protease inhibitor). On the other hand, the potential of resistance inducers (RIs) to protect BW and DW against STB disease was evaluated. Three natural extracts based on ascorbic acid (AA), plant cell wall oligosaccharides (Oligos) and brown algae (Ascophyllum nodosum, A. nod.) were tested for the first time on wheat. Their antifungal effect (direct) and the effect of inducing wheat defense mechanisms (indirect) have been well characterized through molecular, biochemical and cytological. We recorded that only AA exhibited a direct effect on spore germination and hyphal growth of Z. tritici associated to the induction of wheat defense mechanisms. However, conferred protection by Oligos and A. nod appears to be exclusively related to their plant defense inducing properties witch promoted the decrease of fungal CWDE activities and sporulation. Moreover, tested SDPs seem to enhance same defense pathways in both wheat species. They could induce the activation of (i) PR proteins, (ii) the antioxidant enzymes (catalase and peroxidase), (iii) the protein PAL and LOX (key enzymes of the phenylpropanoid and octadecanoid pathways, respectively) and (iv) the cytological accumulation of H₂O₂ and polyphenols, were highlighted. Also, they seem to use same pathways involved in durum wheat resistance mecanisms and may even induce a higher response of defense-related genes as PR2, Pox, Msr, ATPase, and Bsil. In general, protection conferred by tested RIs seems to be dependent on their composition, but it remains constant whatever of the wheat species. Similarly, in filed tested RIs conferred as interesting protection against STB associated, in the case of the A. nod and AA, with increased chlorophyll content and improving yield quantity and quality of the susceptible cultivar Karim, while in the resistant cultivar Salim, the application of RIs seems to be useless. In conclusion, protection conferred by tested RIs seems to be dependent on their composition, but it remains constant whatever of the wheat species. The use of RIs may improve the resistance level and yield of susceptible cultivars in order to obtain similar results to the resistant cultivars. Thus, it could replace the use of resistant cultivars especially with the lack of completely resistant cultivars available to farmers in Tunisia
Alary, Rémi. "Isolement, caractérisation et importance technologique de deux gluténines de faible poids moléculaire chez le blé dur." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20010.
Full textBataillon, Thomas. "Mutation spontanée et gestion des ressources génétiques : approches théorique et expérimentale sur le blé dur (triticum durum)." Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INAP0041.
Full textSimoes, Larraz Ferreira Mariana. "Dynamique d’assemblage des protéines de réserve et du remplissage du grain de blé dur." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NSAM0009/document.
Full textDurum wheat is particularly recognized as the most suitable raw material for pasta makingdue to its vitreousness and its high protein content. This cereal is commonly grown inMediterranean environment and then frequently submitted to high temperature and waterstress. The aim of this thesis was to better understand the accumulation and assembly ofstorage proteins during the grain development. Evaluation of the grain filling, the morphologyof protein bodies, the redox status and the size distribution of glutenin polymers were carriedout. The effect of high temperatures applied at different stages of the grain development onthese parameters was studied.By favouring protein accumulation at the expense of starch, heat stress appeared essentialto obtain vitreous grains and high protein content. The arrest of grain growth observed at 45%grain water content is preceded by the formation of a continuous protein matrix. The dry massaccumulation is closely related to water dynamics, confirming the link between water contentand final grain weight. During grain filling, high temperatures have a significant effect on theformation of SDS-insoluble glutenin polymers. It occurred when grain water concentrationdropped below 30%. The duration of this final stage of oxidation and assembly of gluteninpolymers was related to protein content.Changes in the grain redox status showed an accumulation of glutenin polymers mainlyoccurring before the onset of grain desiccation phase and coinciding with the ascorbateoxidation. This clear oxidation coincided also with the glutathionylation of proteins and thedrop of the CAT activity. During desiccation, the activities of SOD and GR increased significantly.This late synthesis could occur in the aleurone layer and germ in response to massive oxidationof the endosperm cells.Finally, we evaluated the coupling between protein thiol oxidation and size increase ofglutenin polymers. In the early stages, glutenin subunits assembled as oligomers partiallyreduced. During grain filling, a strong thiol oxidation took place with the formation of polymersmainly composed of HMW-GS associated with LMW-GS branching. The polymer size increasedduring desiccation. The polymeric structures obtained during the grain development presenteda high number of reduced cysteines inconsistent with a linear concatenation model ofassembly. It allowed us to propose that the folding of LMW-GS is a late event, subsequent totheir insertion into oligomeric assemblies. These results highlighted the role of glutathione asco-factor in the polymers formation, contrasting with the common assumption that considers itas an inhibitor of the size increase of glutenin polymers
Bedoussac, Laurent. "Analyse du fonctionnement des performances des associations blé dur-pois d'hiver et blé dur-féverole d'hiver pour la conception d'itinéraires techniques adaptés à différents objectifs de production en systèmes bas-intrants." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7855/1/bedoussac.pdf.
Full textMichaud, Aurélia. "Interaction entre la biodisponibilité, phytotoxicité du cuivre et la nutrition en fer de graminées : mécanismes physiologiques et rhizosphériques." École nationale supérieure agronomique (Montpellier), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENSA0025.
Full textViolle, Pierre. "Caractérisation immunochimique des albumines Mb0. 28 et Mb0. 19 de blé tendre (Triticum aestivum) : application à la détection du blé tendre dans les pâtes alimentaires à base de blé dur (Triticum durum) séchées à haute température." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20091.
Full textPeyron, Stéphane. "Bases physico-chimiques et structurales de l'aptitude au fractionnement du grain de blé dur (Triticum Durum Desf. )." Montpellier, ENSA, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENSA0001.
Full textEl, Mazlouzi Mohamed. "Dynamique d'allocation du phosphore prélevé et de sa remobilisation pendant le remplissage du grain chez le blé dur." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0258.
Full textReducing the amount of phosphorus (P) exported from the field at harvest is one of the strategies to sustainably manage P inputs in agriculture. Thus, the grain P concentration is a key parameter in the management of P in agroecosystems. Grain P in wheat originates from two sources: the post-anthesis root P uptake and the remobilization of P from the vegetative parts of the plant. However, the exact contributions of both P sources to the P accumulated in the grains and the effect of P supply remains unclear. The objectives of this thesis are to provide a better understanding of the processes involved in the allocation of P to grains and to determine the contribution of post-anthesis P uptake and P remobilization to grain P in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum. L). The work of this thesis is based on three experiments carried out under controlled conditions in a hydroponic system that allows the controls of P supply to plants. Firstly, the effects of P deprivation during the post-anthesis period on P remobilization and grain P content were analyzed in two durum wheat cultivars. Secondly, the use of P isotope tracing was used to study the dynamics of P during the post-anthesis period. The results show that the P supply does not limit grain growth during the post-anthesis period if the plants are sufficiently supplied with P during the vegetative stage. Indeed, the P deprivation applied from anthesis onwards has no negative effect on grain yield and quality, despite thesignificant decrease in the P content of the grains. We have also shown that P remobilization fluxes increase under P-limiting conditions. The 32P labelling from anthesis to maturity showed that the remobilization of P from vegetative organs represents 81% of grain P in low P plants while it represents 65% for high P plants.The two successive labelling experiments with 32P during grain development reveal that the P absorbed by the roots during the post-anthesis period is not directly allocated to the grains via the xylem. Finally, this work opens up new perspectives for improving P use efficiency by limiting the repeated P export and hence its environmental impact and nutritional consequences
Ben, Krima Safa. "Adaptation des champignons phytopathogènes à des peuplements hôtes génétiquement hétérogènes – cas du pathosystème blé dur – Zymoseptoria tritici." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASB004.
Full textTraditional varieties are heterogeneous and constitute a source of diversity, which contributes to the productivity and the stability of agroecosystems. Indeed, plant diversity provides services to a given ecosystem, including reducing disease pressure. Understanding the mechanisms underlying plant-pathogen interactions is fundamental to improve disease management. With this in mind, I studied the adaptation between traditional Tunisian durum wheat varieties and populations of Zymoseptoria tritici, the fungus responsible for Septoria Tritici Blotch (STB). Firstly, genotyping 14 traditional varieties, considered as populations, using 9 SSR, showed that genetic diversity is equally important within a population (45%) as it is between populations (54%). This diversity is structured in seven genetic groups that can be explained in part by the nested effect of the « variety name » and the « location ». 15 phenotypic traits, including resistance to STB, were characterized and showed that the populations were also phenotypically diverse. Resistance to STB is qualitative (major resistance) for two of the populations, but generally more quantitative for the other populations. A Pst-Fst comparison demonstrated a local adaptation of traditional varieties, underlining selection trajectories that are closely linked to the territory and the agricultural practices in place. Meanwhile, a high density SNP genotyping (TaBW35K array) of a panel of 127 individuals hailing from four populations all carrying the same variety name ‘Mahmoudi’ brought to light two genetic groups shared by the four populations. This panel of individuals was phenotyped for resistance to a Tunisian Z. tritici strain in a field trial and in controlled conditions. The resulting data was used in a GWAS analysis. This analysis led to the detection of 6 loci associated to STB resistance on chromosomes 1B, 4A, 5B and 7A, including a locus on chromosome 1B associated to a qualitative major resistance. The frequency of the resistant alleles oscillates between 6 and 46% and is variable between populations. On the fungus side, four populations of Z. tritici collected on modern cultivar ‘Karim’ widely cultivated in Tunisia and one population collected on traditional variety ‘Mahmoudi’ were genotyped using 12 SSR. A low level of genetic differentiation was identified between these fungal populations suggesting a significant gene flow between locations. The population collected on ‘Mahmoudi’ was less diversified and had a higher clonal fraction than the populations collected on ‘Karim’. This points towards host-effect on Z. tritici diversity. Cross-inoculation tests highlighted a higher aggressiveness of isolates collected on ‘Mahmoudi’ to ‘Mahmoudi’ lines than that of isolates collected on ‘Karim’, interpreted as a local adaptation of pathogen populations to their sympatric host. This adaptation was especially pronounced for the latency period of isolates, once again underlining the importance of quantitative resistance in the adaptive processes evidenced here. Traditional Tunisian durum wheat varieties are practical cases of heterogeneous host populations effectively limiting STB epidemics. Our results suggest that a combination of resistance genes, mainly quantitative and occasionally with a major effect, with variable frequencies from one variety to another, is key to the sanitary success of these varieties. Findings from this study can be utilized to improve our management of crop diversity in other environments
Belkacem, Nesrine. "Distribution des moisissures post-récolte et action antifongique des bactéries lactiques isolées du blé dur en Tunisie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4350.
Full textDuring storage and under bad storage conditions, wheat grains can undergo various alterations caused by fungal growth. Molds can produce toxins that can have an impact on consumer health. Assessment of fungal diversity on wheat storage locally produced cereal in northern Tunisia during two successive years (2010-2011 and 2011-2012) showed a dominance of the genus Alternaria. Study of kinetics evolution of mycoflora during storage is characterized by a particular pattern depending on geographic and temporal parameters and ecophysiological conditions. Evaluation of toxigenic fungal revealed a low percentage of ochratoxinogenic isolates. Occurence of OTA in wheat showed contamination levels under European standards. The study on sporulation physiology and production of OTA by Solid State Fermentation by A. carbonarius shown amplification and production of conidiospores OTA wet forced by aeration. The evaluation of the antifungal activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from the 15 wheat storage against 8 post-harvest molds showed good ability of Lb. plantarum to inhibit the growth of these fungi. The study of anti-ochratoxinogène activity Lb. LabN10 plantarum, Lb. and P. graminis LabN11 LabN12 pentosaceus showed a significant effect of temperature, pH and the bacterial biomass on the inhibition of the fungal biomass and on the reduction of OTA
Prat, Noémie. "Genetic characterization of Fusarium head blight resistance in durum wheat." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22744/document.
Full textFusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease affecting small-grain cereals worldwide causing yield and quality losses. FHB affects food safety due to the contamination of infected grains by mycotoxins. Host plant resistance is considered the most efficient and sustainable approach to contain FHB and mycotoxin contaminations. In durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) breeding for FHB resistance remains a challenge due to its extreme susceptibility and to lack of genetic variation available in the primary durum wheat gene pool. The primary goal of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of Fhb1, the major common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) FHB resistance QTL, in elite durum wheat background. Three F7-RIL (recombinant inbred lines) mapping populations of about 100 lines were developed from crosses between the durum wheat experimental line DBC-480, harboring Fhb1, and the durum wheat cultivars Karur, Durobonus and SZD1029K. The RILs were tested under field conditions by artificial spray inoculation with Fusarium culmorum in three seasons. Morphological traits (flowering date, height) were also recorded to assess their influence on FHB infestation. Genotyping of the lines was performed with SSR and genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) DArTseq markers. QTL analysis identified genomic regions associated with FHB resistance on chromosome arms 2BL, 3BS, 4AL, 4BS, 5AL and 6AS. DBC-480 contributed the resistant allele at all loci. Fhb1 was detected in all three populations, demonstrating for the first time its successful deployment in durum wheat. The effect of Fhb1 on FHB resistance in durum wheat was further verified by evaluating type 2 resistance in one of the three populations. Plant height had a strong influence in modulating FHB severity. Although the semi-dwarf allele Rht-B1b was associated with increased FHB susceptibility, its negative effect was efficiently counterbalanced in lines carrying Fhb1. Semi-dwarf lines with enhanced levels of resistance were selected and will assist the development of FHB resistant cultivars
Boutigny, Anne-Laure. "Etude de l'effet de composés du grain de blé dur sur la régulation de la voie de biosynthèse des trichothécènes B : purification de composés inhibiteurs, analyse des mécanismes impliqués." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13478.
Full textLempereur, Isabelle. "Bases physico-chimiques du fractionnement et de la fragmentation des grains de blé dur (Triticum durum Desf. ) par voie sèche." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20093.
Full textBen, Zekri Mghirbi Yosser. "Analyse des compromis entre la production et l’efficience de l’eau et de l’azote dans les systèmes céréaliers méditerranéens à base de blé dur." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NSAM0019/document.
Full textThe low efficiency of non-renewable resources such as water and nitrogen is a constraint for a sustained increase in cereal production. The simultaneous increase in water and nitrogen use efficiency and yields is a major challenge for cereal production in the Mediterranean, mainly for durum wheat production. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the variability of durum yields in Tunisia with respect to the two factors of production water and nitrogen and the opportunities of jointly increasing productivity and efficiency in a durum wheat-based cropping systems. This study is based on experimental data, regional statistics and farm surveys conducted on a sample of 537 agronomic situations (the combination of a farmer’s field, a year and a previous crop) which are representative of the diversity of farmers’ practices in four grain-producing regions that provide a major part of cereal production. Based on the efficiency decomposition approach and the concepts of limiting factor, eco-efficiency frontier and yield gap, data collected allowed us to establish a framework allowing to analyze trade-offs between the resource (water and nitrogen) use efficiency and yield. Tested with experimental data and applied to farmers' data for the case of nitrogen, this framework demonstrated that non-cereal preceding crops, especially legumes, result in a higher potential for N uptake by durum wheat than with a monoculture. Diversified rotations result also to an increase in both yield and N-use efficiency of the following durum wheat. The increase in the efficiency frontier of nitrogen capture is partly of-set by increased N uptake gaps in farmers’ fields indicating the presence of other limiting factors. Water and its interactions with nitrogen could be considered among the main factors that may affect nitrogen uptake and hence yields of durum wheat. This work would allow combining, on the one hand, the diagnosis of limiting factors at the level of farmer’s fields and on the other hand the analysis of scenarios for the management of trade-offs between production efficiency with farmers and decision-makers
Anne, Sara. "Influence de la nutrition cuprique sur les composantes du rendement du blé dur (Triticum durum) : et étude de la distribution du cuivre radioactif absorbé par voie racinaire." Toulouse, INPT, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985INPT007A.
Full textVidal, Agathe. "La fertilisation soufrée est-elle un levier efficace pour limiter le transfert sol-grain du Cd chez le blé dur ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0399.
Full textCadmium (Cd) is a non-essential and highly toxic metal, generally occurring at trace level in soils. Its origins are natural, linked to pedogenesis, but also anthropogenic (contamination by agricultural inputs, industrial wastes, etc.). By taking up Cd from the soil through their roots, plants accumulate this contaminant in their aboveground parts, threatening the food safety. This is the case for durum wheat, which is the cereal that accumulates the most Cd in its grains, and therefore is a strong contributor to the chronic dietary exposure of the French population to Cd. Cd is carcinogenic and highly toxic to humans especially for kidneys and therefore, the European Union has established regulatory limits setting maximum levels of Cd in numerous foodstuffs. As a result of recent toxicological studies, numerous new regulatory limits have been established and existing ones have been decreased. For durum wheat grain, the limit has recently been revised downwards from 0.20 mg Cd kg-1 to 0.18 mg Cd kg-1 (EC 915/2023). Further decreases are expected in the future, pointing out the need to find solutions to limit the transfer of Cd from soil to grain. Cd has a strong affinity for sulfur (S), with which it forms complexes that are highly stable with the thiol (-SH) groups of organic molecules, and more labile with sulfates. The literature shows that the addition of S to soil can modify not only the phytoavailability of this metal in soil but also its distribution between plant organs. Cd-S ligand complexes are known to detoxify this metal by sequestration in vacuoles, particularly in roots. However, literature mainly concerns polluted soils and phytoextraction, with little work on weakly contaminated agricultural soils. The aim of this thesis work was to test whether the addition of S at doses and chemical forms used in cereal cultures could limit Cd accumulation in durum wheat grains in the context of agricultural soils. We showed, under controlled conditions, that the solubility of Cd can be increased by the addition of ammonium sulfate, not by the direct effects of sulphates, but by the acidification resulting from the nitrification of ammonium. In hydroponics and in the field, the addition of S slightly reduced the Cd concentration in durum wheat grains, sometimes in association with greater retention of Cd in roots, as expected. We observed that most of the Cd was stored in the roots and that, during the grain filling, it was remobilized and transferred to the aboveground parts concomitantly with S. By reducing the remobilization of S from the roots, sulfur fertilization could then help to also limit the remobilization of Cd from the roots to the grain. Besides, our results showed that S fertilization could also affect the distribution of biomass between organs, thus affecting their Cd content. Overall, our work suggests that in durum wheat, ensuring that the S requirements of the plant are met could slightly reduce the Cd content of the grain through indirect effects on biomass and possibly through direct S-Cd interaction mechanisms. Even if its effect is not very strong, it is worth considering S fertilization as a lever to reduce cadmium contamination in durum wheat
Nziengui, Ikapi Moukagni Hugues John Sylvain. "Variabilité après culture in vitro de gamétophytes chez deux céréales : analyse de descendance d'haplodiploi͏̈des d'orge (Hordeum vulgare) en conditions de tests salins in situ : obtention de régénérants en présence de sel après gynogenèse chez le blé dur (Triticum durum)." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPL053N.
Full textFrom barley (Hordeum vu/gare, var. Tamelalt), in situ comparative saline test ofnine androgenetic and gynogenetic descents, the regenerants of which were obtained with or without NaCI in the in vitro culture medium, showed a large variability for the number of tillers, plant height, total seed weight and 100-seeds weight. The gynogenetic families produced more tillers than the androgenetics and Tamelalt. With the treatment without salt, gynogenetic GOa, the regenerant of which was obtained without NaCI in vitro, gave the best output in seeds and produced an increased seed weight of 9,20% over Tamelalt. Under 5 g/L NaCI, the seed weights of gynogenetic families showed an increase of 16,10 to 27,12% over Tamelalt. When irrigated with 10 g/L NaCI, the differences between the families are low. Ln vitro salt had no effect on families behaviour under in situ salt stress. Furthermore, a negative correlation showed to be established between the number of seeds and 100-seeds weight. Diallel analysis 3x3, inc1uding GOa, expressed in F1 generation significant GCA effects for plant height, number of tillers and 100-seeds weight, showing that average transmission of the variations re1ated to these characters was very strong. Ln F2 generation, the segregation of tillers number and the plant height variations from GOa suggest that implied hereditary elements wou1d be nuclear. From durum wheat (Triticum durum), pseudo-tillering of regenerants was carried out in vitro up to the 14th transfer. The production of pseudo-tillers followed linear or exponential profile, showing a specific multiplication activity for each regenerant
Guillaume, Solenne. "Adaptation d'un modèle de culture et conception d'un modèle de décision pour la gestion conjointe de l'irrigation et de la fertilisation azotée du blé dur." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0027/document.
Full textChanges in economic, regulatory and environmental context of agricultural production raise the need for research to evaluate and propose new strategies for joint management of irrigation and fertilization for durum wheat. The thesis had two objectives: i) adapting the simulation crop model STICS to different durum wheat cultivars, and ii) designing a decision model for nitrogen fertilization and irrigation practices. A database containing 373 experimental treatments carried out by INRA and ARVALIS before this PhD work was established and mobilized to conduct the adaptation and the evaluation of crop model. The adaptation of the crop model was first conducted through durum wheat parameter estimation by mathematical optimization. A comparative analysis of three approaches was conducted to select an appropriate approach to obtain an accurate and robust crop model for the simulation of grain yield, grain nitrogen content and intermediate variables (biomass, leaf area, amount of nitrogen absorbed) in different soil and climatic conditions. This study provided a methodological framework for crop models parameters estimation. The results of this study showed that the crop model, with its original formalism, was not sensitive to the effect of splitting of fertilization on the grain nitrogen content and protein concentration. The adaptation was then conducted through the modification of the formalism of nitrogen accumulation in grains by introducing a formalism inspired the AZODYN crop model. The modification did not significantly improve the model's sensitivity to the effect of N splitting on the nitrogen content of grain. The results of this study call into question the ability of crop model to simulate the absorption process of nitrogen after flowering. Unfortunately the lack of data concerning post-flowering leaf area dynmaics did not allow improving the model. From a survey of 29 irrigators, practices and strategies of nitrogen fertilization and irrigation, as well as strategic and tactical decisions have been identified and formalized in a decision model. An evaluation of strategies based on survey results is given as an illustration of the potential use of the STICS soil-crop model and the decision rules identified and formalised. The coupling of the crop model to the model decision will allow proposing and evaluating strategies adapted to the farm context for joint management of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization of durum wheat
Kajeiou, Miloud. "Rôle de la lumière au cours de l'action de la contrainte thermique au niveau de l'appareil photosynthétiue chez le blé dur." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212141.
Full textJaffuel, Sylvie. "Absorption, accumulation et rôles du silicium chez quelques variétés de blé dur Triticum durum Dest : relation avec la résistance ou la sensibilité à la verse." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20264.
Full textViala, Yoann. "Elaboration d'un modèle de prédiction de la phytodisponibilité du cadmium dans les sols agricoles : application à la contamination cadmiée du blé dur." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0091/document.
Full textCadmium (Cd) is a trace element found in agricultural soils which can contaminate the food chain by being taken up by plants and accumulated in consumed plant products. The bioavailability of Cd is a concept at the centre of the risk assessment of Cd transfer from soil to plants. Plants, taking up essentially the free form of Cd (Cd2+) in the soil solution, bioavailability is a function of two main processes, the Cd speciation in solution (the different chemical forms taken by the Cd in solution) and the partitioning of Cd2+ between the solid phase and the solution. The main objective of this work was to develop simple predictive operational models of Cd2+ concentrations in agricultural soil solution, by modelling either Cd speciation in soil solution or Cd2+ solid-solution partitioning, the latter to further inform the ability of the phase to replenish the soil solution during root absorption. We also looked for models for the prediction of Cd2+ levels found in durum wheat grains. We have developed two modelling approaches. The first, statistical, allows to produce simple models for operational purposes. The second, geochemical, allows to understand the dominant mechanisms and thus to judge the coherence of simple statistical models to represent complex physicochemical processes. These two approaches have consistently shown that for poorly contaminated agricultural soils, the exchanged Cd between the solid phase and the solution is likely to be weakly sorbed and can be estimated by the Cd extracted by 1M NH4NO3 minus a fraction attached to amorphous manganese oxides. Modelling also showed the importance of pH and Ca content in solution as variables controlling the solubility of Cd2+, probably because of their role in controlling the sorption site availability and Cd complexation. The best-performing statistical model for predicting Cd content in durum wheat also picks up these variables, suggesting that simple statistical models for speciation in solution and soil-solution partitioning of Cd are relevant models to estimate bioavailability and that they can be used to classify soils according to the risks of the transfer of soil Cd to a crop. Compared to the evolution of the regulatory context, the statistical model predictive of the Cd content in the grain shown by cross validation that it could discern relatively reliably (88%) the differences of 0.05 mg Cd.kg-1 of grain and that its reliability would be less (65%) for differences of 0.025 mg Cd.kg-1
Mentewab, Ayalew. "Androgénèse in vitro chez le blé : utilisation pour la transformation génétique et l'amélioration de la résistance au stress hydrique." Toulouse, INPT, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPT001A.
Full textJoly, Matthieu. "Conception d'un système d'analyse multi-capteur ISFET pour la surveillance in-situ de l'azote minéral. Application à la culture du blé dur." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ISAT0043.
Full textExcessive use of nitrogen fertilizers in modern agricultural practices is a concern as it leads to groundwater pollution and eutrophication of fresh and marine waters. Soil testing can enable the introduction of new agricultural practices that take more into account temporal and local variations of soil and plants. This work therefore aims at the development of an in situ, autonomous and communicating analysis system for real-time monitoring of the mineral nitrogen contents of soils.Our system is based on the Ion-sensitive Field Effect Transistor (ISFET) microsensor technology. A first step of its development was dedicated to the fabrication of generic pH-ISFET microsensors. The problem of determining soil pH by inserting pH-ISFETs directly into the soil was considered. Results obtained by this in situ method were compared with the standard method and we examined the influence of soil ( moisture, texture, pH) and IFSET parameters (lifetime, time drift). In a second step, pNH4-ISFET and pNO3-ISFET chips were obtained by functionalizing the generic pH-ISFET chips with ionosensitive membrane. The composition of these membranes has been optimized until detection properties ( sensitivity, selectivity, stability, etc.) were in good accordance with the ammonium and nitrate ion contents of cultivated soils. Characterizations under in situ conditions were then carried out.Finally, the integration in the ground, the protection, the power supply and the remote communication of the sensors were made possible by the integration in a dedicated system. We obtained promising results
Hafsa, Inés. "Maîtrise de la texturation des poudres céréalières réactives : étude des mécanismes d'agglomération humide et de séchage. : Application à la semoule de blé dur." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS162.
Full textThe PhD thesis subject concerns the control of the structures of granular matters, by the study of the dynamics of structuring and consolidation, and the application in reactive cereal powders. The approach leans on the confrontation of complementary scientific approaches (physical, physico-chemical, process engineering and technological) to study the dynamics (i.e. kinetic evolutions under mechanical stresses) of structuring, growth, shrinkage and consolidation. The experimental methodology is based on a multi-scales approach. (i) On the scale of the processes, with a technological approach (based on a parametric study with experiments using pilot scales equipments) and with the construction of a descriptive model of the reactions. (ii) On the scale of mechanisms, to study the generation of contacts (i.e. mechanisms of growth) and the consolidation of the interfaces (i.e. mechanisms of solubilization and drying), with experimental physico-chemical approaches and development of mechanistic models. (iii) On the scale of the structure, with the description of the intern microstructure (distribution of the compactness) and the measurement of local characteristics of the structures. The PhD thesis takes into account the reactivity of powders for the construction of mechanistic models to describe the growth and the consolidation mechanisms of the granular matter. These works find obvious applications for the cereal sector
Monnet, François-Paul. "Caractérisation d'une protéine de fixation de lipides du blé dur (purification, séquençage, ADN complémentaire) : relations aux protéines végétales de transfert de lipides et aux inhibiteurs d'amylase/trypsine des céréales." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20311.
Full textShekafandeh, Nobawdegani Akhtar. "Régénération par gynogenèse in vitro chez le blé dur (Triticum durum) et l'orge (Hordeum vulgare) : obtention de plantes selon diverses modalités d'application de stress salins." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL070N.
Full textNdzana, Abanda Raphaël François Xavier. "Régulation des bio-agresseurs dans les cultures associées de blé dur et de pois : impact de la diversité végétale sur la démographie des pucerons du pois." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1780/.
Full textAphids are major pests of crops in temperate regions. Their status as major crop pests is based on their high reproductive potential due to parthenogenesis in spring and summer, their polyphenism, and the transmission of viruses to plants. Several control methods have been considered against aphids. Of these methods, the most popular includes the "top down" appoach, which considers natural enemies and chemical control. When comparing the development time of aphids and their natural enemies, like ladybirds, we observe that the former grow faster than the latter. This difference in the speed of development characterizes aphids as short-lived prey. The generation time ratio of the natural enemies of aphids to that of the aphids is greater than 1. This value indicates that "Top-down" regulation is unlikely. Thus, to regulate pea aphids, other possibilities for biological control need to be considered. The "Bottom-up" approach seems to be more appropriate. This approach (Bottom-up) encourages an increase in plant biodiversity in the farm to regulate the population dynamics of pea aphids (A. Pisum Harris). This thesis aims at verifying the impact of plant diversity on the demography of pea aphid (A. Pisum Harris) in winter pea monoculture and in winter pea and durum wheat intercropping system. During our field work we were able to verify that aphid infestations were statistically higher in monoculture pea compared to an intercrop of winter pea and durum. We were also able to evaluate the influence of the host plant on the movements and the fitness of the aphids. The movements and demographic parameters of adults A. Pisum were examined in a pure stand of winter peas and an intercrop of winter pea and durum wheat. The distances covered in pure culture of peas were significantly longer than in intercropping. The fertility rate was higher in intercropping pea / wheat than in pure culture of peas. Similarly, the survival rate of the larvae of aphids was higher in intercrop than in sole crop pea although the difference was not significant. We tested 1,036 aphids on their choice between odor sources from two types of cropping systems (peas monoculture and an intercrop of durum wheat and pea). To this, we added other parameters such as the morph of the aphid (winged or wingless), the aphid strain (wild or reared in the laboratory), and the amount of plants in pots during the experiment. The choice of aphids on the type of crop did not show significant results. However, there was a tendency of the aphids to be attracted by the odor from the pea monoculture. These results highlight the importance of plant diversity in the control of aphids. Effects related to the host plant "bottom up" help regulate certain pests. However, other varieties of plant species in the cereal-legume couple should be tested to confirm this hypothesis
Joubert, Marianne. "Adéquation des blés durs aux opérations de transformations technologiques : semoulerie et pastification." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NSAM0045.
Full textDurum wheat is the best raw material to process semolina and pasta. The origins of high semolina yield and the good pasta quality are multifactorial. However, there is currently no tool predicting milling and pasta making results based on physical and biochemical characteristics of durum wheat grains. The work carried out in this PhD thesis attempts to objectify the technological value of durum wheat samples, grown with innovative technical practices in order to improve sustainability of the French durum wheat chain.Durum wheat samples batches were characterised and their variability was related to the different agricultural technical routes used. The impact of the grain quality on the milling behaviour of the samples, as well as the appearance of the dry pasta and the texture of the cooked pasta was studied. Protein, ash contents and semolina particle size distribution were identified as factors influencing pasta quality. An “experimental design” approach was developed to obtain a non-distorted estimate of how each variable impacts the quality of pasta, independently of the other two variables. Efficiency of the semolina milling and pasta making processes depending on the variability of the raw material was also assessed. Especially, the impact of durum wheat grains characteristics on the energies required for milling, the relationship between semolina composition and extrusion behaviour and the effectiveness of different drying diagrams on the quality of the pasta based on their compositions were analysed. A study on the protein polymerisation state during the pasta making process was also conducted. Finally, this PhD thesis has contributed to the development of a database that will predict semolina and pasta quality depending on physical and biochemical characteristics of durum wheat
Vagne, Constance. "Rôle des effets épistatiques dans l’évolution d’une population à régime de reproduction mixte, et dans la régulation de l’expression des gènes homéologues chez une espèce autogame allotétraploïde, le blé dur (Triticum turgidum)." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NSAM0063/document.
Full textEpistasis has long been neglected, but it is currently subject to a renewed interest with the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies and of genome-wide association studies (GWAS). It is virtually ubiquitous, having been detected on many traits and in many species. It plays an important evolutionary role, since it is one of the sources of Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities, explaining reproductive isolation between related lineages. Moreover, it can enable to fix heterosis in disomic polyploids (mostly allopolyploids). The objective of this thesis was to study epistasis in this evolutionary context. The study material was a broad genetic basis population of a self-pollinating allopolyploid species, durum wheat (Triticum turgidum), having two genomes: A and B genomes. This population was composed from different taxa: durum wheat (T. t. durum), domestic emmer (T. t. dicoccum) and wild emmer (T. t. dicoccoides). Therefore, there are probably combinations of coadapted genes in this population, and thus epistasis generating Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities.The first part presents different models to estimate epistasis. These models have advantages and drawbacks, depending on the overall objective. In a second part, we used one of these models on RNA-seq data (expression and genotyping data) of the population of durum wheat to detect regulatory effects of expression, including epistasis between homoelogous genes. This analysis is unique in durum wheat, and probably in polyploid species. We did not detect first-order epistasis, but interactions with genetic background were observed. We found more eQTL on the B genome than on the A genome, which may be due to the fact that the diploid progenitors of durum wheat did not have the same mating system. Furthermore, we showed that the expression levels of homoelogous genes were frequently (80%) positively correlated, indicating that homoelogous genes often belong to the same complex of coregulated genes. Finally, trans regulations are more common among pairs of homoelogous genes, which also supports the idea that homoelogous genes belong to the same gene networks. In the third part, the evolving role of epistasis was examined. First, we showed how epistasis influences the parent-offspring covariance, and thus the short-term evolution of a population. Then we studied the impact of a particular type of epistasis (the one which can generate Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities, with combinations of co-adapted genes) on the evolution of a population subjected to truncation selection (as in pre-breeding populations), using a haploid bilocus model, based on the recombination rate and selection intensity. We have shown that if the optimal genotype is not present in the initial population, a high rate of recombination may lead to the fixation of the sub-optimal genotype. However, some recombination is needed to create this optimal genotype and fix it.In perspective, we propose to adopt a network-based method to further the regulation mechanisms of expression in durum wheat. We also propose to make the model more complex, in order to study the effect of recombination on the evolution of an epistatic trait selected by truncation, and complete these modelling works by experimental studies
Kammoun, Bochra. "Analyse des interactions génotype x environnement x conduite culturale de peuplement bi-spécifique de cultures associées de blé dur et de légumineuses à graines, à des fins de choix variétal et d’optimisation de leurs itinéraires techniques." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INPT0139/document.
Full textIncreasing biodiversity in agroecosystems may contribute to a sustainable productions. Intercropping, the growth of two or more species in the same space at the same time, is considered as a practical application of ecological principles based on biodiversity. Grain legume-cereal intercropping reveals many potential advantages in productivity, stability of outputs and ecological sustainability particularly in low N-input systems. These advantages occur when intercrop components have a complementary ecological niches and competitive interaction are reduced. Interspecific interactions are greatly influenced by phenotypic traits (physiological, morphological and phenological) among cultivars and species. The aim of our study is to study the effect of genotypic variability of species on the performance of durum wheat-grain legume intercrops and to analyze the response of cultivars toward inter and intraspecific interactions. An experimental trial was carried out during two years (2011 to 2013) to test different cultivar combinations. Each cultivar and specie was cultivated as sole crop, half density sole crop and intercrop in a replacement design to evaluate inter- and intra-specific interactions. Our results confirmed that genotype behavior is different between sole crop and intercropping. The intercrop performance is dependent on its performance on sole crop and on its competitiveness. Phenotypic traits and pedoclimatic conditions influence the competitive ability of intercrops. Besides, a dynamic analysis of interspecific interactions shows that from the legumes flowering period, competitions would be the most intense and would impact the grain yield. Finally, this study has allowed to identify some indicators of the performance of grain legumes on intercropping that would help to concept ideotypes adapted to multispecies systems in order to optimize their advantages
Talbot, Grégoire. "L'intégration spatiale et temporelle du partage des ressources dans un système agroforestier noyers-céréales : une clef pour en comprendre la productivité ?" Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00664530.
Full textForsman, Anna, and Elin Forsman. "Hunden har fått mig att inse att jag inte bara kan bli förbannad : En studie kring interaktion mellan barn/ungdomar och djur." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Social and Welfare Studies, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-6310.
Full textI denna studie behandlas olika teorier kring barn och ungdomars sociala utveckling och lärande i integration med djur. Vidare exemplifierar studien hur detta arbete med djur kan bedrivas. Undersökningen innefattar också vad högskoleutbildade pedagoger i förskolan och skolan har för attityder kring att integrera djur i den pedagogiska verksamheten. För att ta reda på detta har vi använt oss av fältstudier baserade på observationer, protokoll, intervjuer, och samtal.. I denna studie har även en enkätundersökning genomförts i syfte att ta reda på attityder kring integration mellan barn/ungdomar och djur. Efter att ha tagit del av tidigare forskning samt genomfört fältstudier och en enkätunder-sökning har vi fått bevis på att integration mellan barn/ungdomar och djur kan stärka deras självförtroende och ge en större ansvarskänsla.
Engström, Cissi. "Visioner om framtidens profilboenden : Hur äldre personer vill bo när det bli ännu äldre." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för socialvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-1372.
Full textHerrmann, Lutz. "Untersuchung der biologischen Funktion der Proteintyrosinphosphatase PTP-BL." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=963202995.
Full textRobert, Valérie. "Transfert du gene pch1 de resistance au pietin verse chez le ble dur triticum turgidum l." Rennes 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN10173.
Full textMIHAMOU-ZIYYAT, AATIKA. "Reaction aux temperatures elevees du ble tendre au cours de l'androgenese in vitro et consequences sur la physiologie des plantes regenereesRecherche sur les methodes de production d'haploides doubles de ble dur." Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA112453.
Full textHecht, Nils Nicholas [Verfasser]. "Entwicklung eines Modells zur chronisch zerebralen Ischämie bei der C57/BL6 Maus / Nils Nicholas Hecht." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1023331071/34.
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