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Journal articles on the topic 'Blindness – age factors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Mogk, Marja. "The Difference that Age Makes: Cultural Factors that Shape Older Adults’ Responses to Age-Related Macular Degeneration." Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 102, no. 10 (2008): 581–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x0810201002.

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This article suggests that approaching vision loss from age-related macular degeneration from a sociocultural perspective, specifically considering perceptions of aging, blindness, disability, and generational viewpoints and norms, may be critical to understanding older adults’ responses to vision loss and visual rehabilitation.

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2

Chaudhary, Santosh, Poonam Lavaju, Bhuwan Govinda Shrestha, Sangeeta Shah, and Sanjib Kumar Chaudhary. "Factors affecting the visual outcome of pediatric cataract surgery: a hospital based prospective study in eastern Nepal." Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology 9, no. 2 (2018): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v9i2.19258.

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The World Health Organization’s (WHO) global initiative for the elimination of avoidable blindness by the year 2020 (Thylefors et al., 1995) has prioritized the control of childhood blindness. Currently cataract remains one of the most important causes of treatable blindness in children (Giles et al., 2016).In Nepal, as in other developing countries, cataract is believed to be a leading cause of blindness in children. According to The Nepal Blindness Survey from 1978 to 1980, congenital cataract accounted for 16.3% of blindness detected in children under the age of 15 years (Brilliant et al.,

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Nuertey, Benjamin D., Kwesi Nyan Amissah-Arthur, Joyce Addai, et al. "Prevalence, Causes, and Factors Associated with Visual Impairment and Blindness among Registered Pensioners in Ghana." Journal of Ophthalmology 2019 (October 7, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1717464.

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Purpose. To determine the prevalence, causes, and factors associated with presenting visual impairment and blindness among pensioners. Design. A nationwide cross-sectional study. This study was part of the analysis on data obtained in the pensioners’ medical survey conducted among members of the National Pensioners Association in Ghana. Method. (i) Setting: it was a multicenter study involving thirteen centers throughout Ghana with a center in each regional capital. (ii) Study population: the study involved 4813 pensioners. (iii) Observation procedures: data were captured through the use of qu

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Connell, Paul P., Pearse A. Keane, Evelyn C. O'Neill, et al. "Risk Factors for Age-Related Maculopathy." Journal of Ophthalmology 2009 (2009): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/360764.

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Age-related maculopathy (ARM) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly. Although beneficial therapeutic strategies have recently begun to emerge, much remains unclear regarding the etiopathogenesis of this disorder. Epidemiologic studies have enhanced our understanding of ARM, but the data, often conflicting, has led to difficulties with drawing firm conclusions with respect to risk for this condition. As a consequence, we saw a need to assimilate the published findings with respect to risk factors for ARM, through a review of the literature appraising results from published cross-sect

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El Gilany, A. H., S. El Fedawy, and M. Tharwat. "Causes of blindness and needs of the blind in Mansoura, Egypt." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 08, no. 01 (2002): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2002.8.1.6.

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A study of 113 blind people in Mansoura, Egypt highlighted the causes and risk factors for blindness, and health and social care needs of the blind. In two-thirds of cases, blindness occurred before 10 years of age. Risk factors for blindness were reported by more than half the study population. Congenital causes accounted for almost half the cases. The commonest causes of bilateral blindness were corneal opacities, cataract and glaucoma. Almost three-quarters of causes were avoidable. Health and social care for this group was inadequate and more than half would benefit from further management

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Khanal, Shankar Prasad, Krishna Prasad Acharya, Pravat Uprety, and Santosh Kumar Shah. "Statistical Modeling on Blindness and Visual Impairment Data." Journal of Institute of Science and Technology 19, no. 1 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jist.v19i1.13818.

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Blindness and visual impairment remain leading causes of disability in the world, and also considered one of the major eye problems in Nepal. This study was planned to identify the significant risk factors of visual impairment and blindness based on hospital data. The analysis is based on 2000 patients’ information with age ?40 years retrospectively. Logistic regression model is used to identify the risk factors of visual impairment. Altogether 710(36%) subjects were having visually impaired (low vision) and very few 29(1.45%) were having blindness. The proportion of having visual impairment a

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Cabrera, Cathleen Camille, Joseph Anthony Tumbocon, and John Mark de Leon. "Progression to blindness in 20 years among patients with glaucomatous visual field loss in a tertiary hospital in the Philippines." BMJ Open Ophthalmology 5, no. 1 (2020): e000424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjophth-2019-000424.

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ObjectiveTo determine visual field (VF) rates of change among patients with glaucomatous VF loss and proportion of those becoming blind based on residual life expectancy and factors associated with fast progression.Methods and analysisThis was a retrospective study of the VFs of patients with glaucomatous VF defects in at least one eye. Baseline and final VFs were reviewed. Rates of VF change (decibels (dB)/year) for each eye, together with the residual life expectancy based on age and sex, were used to predict mean deviation/defect (MD) at the end of expected lifetime. Blindness was defined i

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Sun, Yi, Guangming Jin, Mengting Yang, Jing Fu, Xueyi Chen, and Bingsheng Lou. "Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Causes of Visual Impairment in an Elderly Chinese Uygur Population in Southern Xinjiang." Journal of Ophthalmology 2021 (April 5, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8843032.

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Purpose. To investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and major causes of visual impairment (VI) in an elderly Chinese Uygur population in southern Xinjiang. Methods. This was a population-based cross-sectional study. Participants aged 50 years and older from Haohan Country, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, were enrolled from August 2018 to December 2018 using cluster sampling. Participants underwent examinations including presenting visual acuity (PVA), pinhole vision, slit-lamp, intraocular pressure, and direct ophthalmoscopy. Participants’ education and demographic information was collecte

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Bantihun, Ajebew, Kedir Abdela Gonete, Azeb Atnafu Getie, and Asmamaw Atnafu. "Child Night Blindness and Bitot’s Spots Are Public Health Problems in Lay Armachiho District, Central Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Pediatrics 2020 (November 17, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5095620.

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Background. Night blindness (XN) is a condition in which a person cannot see in dim light and is the earliest clinical manifestation of vitamin A deficiency. Globally, vitamin A deficiency is a public health problem in 122 countries, of which 45 countries have moderate to severe child night blindness. Therefore, this study is aimed at assessing the prevalence and associated factors of night blindness and Bitot’s spot among children aged 24-59 months. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was employed from February to March 2019 among children aged 24-59 months in the Lay Armachiho D

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Zhao, Mingyue, Ali Hassan Gillani, Fakir Mohammad Amirul Islam, et al. "Factors Associated with Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Common Eye Diseases in General Population: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study from Pakistan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 9 (2019): 1568. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16091568.

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High prevalence of blindness coupled with low public awareness of eye diseases is a severe problem in Pakistan. The objective of this study was to evaluate the awareness, attitude and practices related to common ocular problems and eye care use among general population of Punjab, Pakistan. Data were collected cross-sectionally, using random selection of participants from five districts of Punjab, Pakistan. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the data from January to March 2017. The ordinal data were converted to interval--based data by Rasch analysis, which is termed as “knowledge s

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Waris, Syed Ali Nasar, and Rubina Huda. "Prevalence of Congenital Ocular Anomalies in Paediatric Age Group (0 - 14 Years) in a Tertiary Care Hospital at Kancheepuram, South India." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 8, no. 14 (2021): 899–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2021/175.

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BACKGROUND Congenital ocular anomalies are one of the important causes of childhood blindness. Blindness is a serious public health issue, and also a social and economic problem worldwide. Majority of global blindness is avoidable and curable. Most of global blindness is in developing countries. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of congenital ocular anomalies in the paediatric age group and its associated risk factors in a tertiary care hospital in Kancheepuram. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among children of 0 – 14 years age group attending the o

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Kyosseva, Svetlana V. "Targeting MAPK Signaling in Age-Related Macular Degeneration." Ophthalmology and Eye Diseases 8 (January 2016): OED.S32200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/oed.s32200.

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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of irreversible blindness affecting elderly people in the world. AMD is a complex multifactorial disease associated with demographic, genetics, and environmental risk factors. It is well established that oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis play critical roles in the pathogenesis of AMD. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways are activated by diverse extracellular stimuli, including growth factors, mitogens, hormones, cytokines, and different cellular stressors such as oxidative stress. They regulate cell

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Fitria, Aminatul. "The Relationship of age, attitude, knowladge, cost to cataract surgery." Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi 4, no. 2 (2017): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jbe.v4i2.2016.176-187.

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Cataract is the leading cause of 51% blindness case in the world. Cataract can only be cured trough surgery, but most people with cataract in Indonesia is not in undergoing surgery due to several factors. The increasing number of cataract victim whose not undergoing any treatment to cure them will resulting in increasing number of blindness case, so blindness cause by cataracts can be a public health problem. This research was conducted to determine the relationship of age, attitudes, knowledge and the cost of the action to perform cataract surgery. This research was an observational analytic

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Fitria, Aminatul. "The Relationship of age, attitude, knowladge, cost to cataract surgery." Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi 4, no. 2 (2017): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jbe.v4i22016.176-187.

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Cataract is the leading cause of 51% blindness case in the world. Cataract can only be cured trough surgery, but most people with cataract in Indonesia is not in undergoing surgery due to several factors. The increasing number of cataract victim whose not undergoing any treatment to cure them will resulting in increasing number of blindness case, so blindness cause by cataracts can be a public health problem. This research was conducted to determine the relationship of age, attitudes, knowledge and the cost of the action to perform cataract surgery. This research was an observational analytic

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Liu, Kang, and Bolin Xie. "Today and Future of Age-Related Macular Degeneration." ISRN Ophthalmology 2012 (April 4, 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/480212.

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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in people over 50 in developed countries. Understanding of the pathologic process, genetic mechanisms, and risk factors of this disease has the benefit of seeking newer and more effective treatment options. Current clinical therapy for AMD shows a dramatic change from a decade ago. Anti-VEGF drug therapy is regarded as the more effective treatment for neovascular AMD now, especially combining PDT therapy. In the future, the genetic and biochemical therapies may be the promising treatments for AMD. This paper will focus on

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Shetty, Niharika K., and Indireddy Prathyusha. "Factors influencing occlusion therapy in refractive amblyopia." Journal of Medical Research 5, no. 1 (2019): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jmr.2019.5105.

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Introduction: Amblyopia is an of important cause of preventable blindness and early detection with timely rehabilitation can prevent blindness in childhood age. It also carries a higher risk of vision loss in fellow eye. The most common method of treatment to recover the monocular function involves patching the good eye in an effort to reinforce the amblyopic eye to improve. In our study we evaluated the factors affecting occlusion therapy in amblyopia patients in terms of age, gender, amount of refractive error and the time period of occlusion as the influential factor in rehabilitation of am

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Belete, Gizachew Tilahun, Assefa Lake Fenta, and Mohammed Seid Hussen. "Xerophthalmia and Its Associated Factors among School-Age Children in Amba Giorgis Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018." Journal of Ophthalmology 2019 (November 22, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5130904.

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Introduction. Xerophthalmia is a general term applied to all the ocular manifestations from night blindness through complete corneal destruction (keratomalacia) due to vitamin A deficiency. Xerophthalmia is the main contributing factors for childhood blindness in developing countries. However, there is limited evidence that can implicate the current situation. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of xerophthalmia and associated factors among school-age children in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 490 children, age range of 6 to 12 yea

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Novita, Hera Dwi, and Eka Rahmawati Wahyuningsih. "Risk factors that associated with visual outcome of community based cataract surgery." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 8 (2020): 2771. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20203423.

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Background: Cataract is one of the leading cause of blindness in Indonesia and worldwide. Meanwhile the ability to carry out cataract surgery was not balanced by the increasing of cataract backlog of ± 70,000 per year. In addition to increase the number of cataract operations, it is very important to maintain the quality of surgery results by auditing the result of surgery. This study aims to evaluate post-operative visual acuity in social services organized by the Cataract Blindness Prevention Section of IOA Malang Branch in 2015-2017.Methods: This study is a retrospective study based on medi

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Bilbao-Malavé, Valentina, Jorge González-Zamora, Miriam de la Puente, et al. "Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Age Related Macular Degeneration, Role in Pathophysiology, and Possible New Therapeutic Strategies." Antioxidants 10, no. 8 (2021): 1170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081170.

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Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is the main cause of legal blindness in developed countries. It is a multifactorial disease in which a combination of genetic and environmental factors contributes to increased risk of developing this vision-incapacitating condition. Oxidative stress plays a central role in the pathophysiology of AMD and recent publications have highlighted the importance of mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress in this disease. Although treatment with vascular endothelium growth factor inhibitors have decreased the risk of blindness in patients with

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Asiyanto, Mila Citrawati, Citra Ayu Aprilia, and Yanti Harjono Hadiwiardjo. "Risk Factors Relate to Visual Acuity in School Age Students of Public Primary School (SDN) 07 Pondok Labu South Jakarta." Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 15, no. 3 (2020): 331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/kemas.v15i3.18415.

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Vision is one of the most important factors in the education process. Abnormalities of visual acuity in school-age children will impact their achievement. Myopia is appointed by WHO as one priority to restrain and prevent world blindness in 2020. Refraction disorder is third rank (0.14%) of blindness cause in Indonesia after cataract (0.78%) and glaucoma (0.20%). Jakarta itself has a 0.5% incidence of refraction disorder. This study was aimed to discover which factors determined the most to declining visual acuity which caused myopia. This was anobservational analytic study with a cross-sectio

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Yildiz, Meral, Sertaç Argun Kıvanç, Berna Akova-Budak, Ahmet Tuncer Ozmen, and Sadık Gorkem Çevik. "An Important Cause of Blindness in Children: Open Globe Injuries." Journal of Ophthalmology 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7173515.

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Objective. Our aim was to present and evaluate the predictive factors of visual impairment and blindness according to WHO criteria in pediatric open globe injuries.Methods. The medical records of 94 patients younger than 18 years who underwent primary repair surgery were reviewed retrospectively. The initial and final visual acuity, anterior and posterior segment findings, and zone of injury were noted. The patients were classified as blindness in one eye or visual impairment in one eye.Results. Of 412 patients who presented with open globe injury, 94 (23%) were under 18 years old. Fifty-four

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Shahidullah, Mohammod, Arjun Chandra Dey, Firoz Ahmed, et al. "Retinopathy of prematurity and its association with neonatal factors." Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 10, no. 1 (2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v10i1.30559.

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<p>Retinopathy of prematurity is considered as an important cause of blindness. This prospective study was undertaken to document the frequency and the associated factors of retinopathy of prematurity among 97 preterm newborn weighing &lt;2000 g and/or with a gestation of &lt;35 weeks. The first eye examination was performed by an ophthalmologist at 4 weeks of postnatal age for the infants born at ≥30 weeks of gestation or birth weight ≥1200 g and at 3 weeks of postnatal age for the infants &lt;30 weeks of gestation or birth weight &lt;1200 g. The overall incidence of ret

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Danca, Cristina, Claudia Florida Costea, Victor Vlad Costan, et al. "Gut Microbiota and Serotonin - Biochemical Pathways in Age-Related Macular Disease." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 10 (2018): 2823–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.10.6633.

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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial disease and is a major cause of blindness in the entire world. Current studies show a tight connection between gut microbiota and AMD. This literature review shows the positive role played by gut microbiota, which is essential in providing the optimal serotonin level in retina protection against the noxious action of various factors of the environment. Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter derived from tryptophan which is poorly expressed in the retina, but it may provide protection against retinal dam

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Gupta, Sanjeev K., Anshuman Sharma, Sanjay Agarwal, Sanjay Gupta, and Shalini Sarouthia. "The prevalence of retinopathy in diabetes mellitus and associated risk factors: a community-based cross sectional study in peri urban area." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 6 (2018): 2226. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20181991.

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Background: Visual impairment i.e. diabetic retinopathy is the one of most common manifestation of diabetes mellitus. Globally it is becoming an increasing public health problem especially in the developing countries because of increase in number of diabetic patients.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in the vicinity of Urban Heath and Training Centre (UHTC), Peoples University, Bhopal over a period of 6 months through screening in camps held, which included a total of 840 participants (aged ≥25 years) by following simple random procedure and in those who had newly diagnosed or lon

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Rohsiswatmo, Rinawati. "Retinopathy of prematurity: Prevalence and risk factors." Paediatrica Indonesiana 45, no. 6 (2016): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi45.6.2005.270-4.

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Background Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is one of the ma-jor causes of infant blindness. There are several factors known asrisk factors for ROP. Recent studies show ROP as a disease ofmultifactorial origin.Objective To report the prevalence of ROP in Cipto MangunkusumoHospital, Jakarta and its relation to several risk factors.Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted fromDecember 2003-May 2005. All infants with birth weight 2500 gramsor less, or gestational age 37 weeks or less, were enrolled con-secutively and underwent the screening of ROP at 4 to 6 weeks ofchronological

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Thapa, R., G. Paudyal, M. K. Shrestha, R. Gurung, and S. Ruit. "Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Nepal." Kathmandu University Medical Journal 9, no. 3 (2012): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v9i3.6298.

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Background The Age–related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a common cause of visual impairment and blindness worldwide in elderly. Objective This study aimed to explore the demographic characteristics, pattern and risk factors for AMD at a tertiary referral eye centre in Nepal. Methods This is a hospital-based prospective study, conducted at Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, Nepal from September 2008 to May 2009. All the consecutive cases of AMD diagnosed at the institute were included. Results A total of 141 patients (266 eyes) with AMD recruited for the study. The mean age was 69.5 years (9

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Suri, Ashish, Karanjit Singh Narang, Bhawani Shankar Sharma, and Ashok Kumar Mahapatra. "Visual outcome after surgery in patients with suprasellar tumors and preoperative blindness." Journal of Neurosurgery 108, no. 1 (2008): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns/2008/108/01/0019.

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Object The purpose of this paper was to study the visual outcome after surgery in patients with suprasellar tumors who experienced preoperative blindness in 1 or both eyes. Methods All patients with suprasellar tumors and no perception of light in 1 or both eyes and who underwent surgery between May 2002 and May 2006 were included in this retrospective study. Outcome was analyzed at discharge from the hospital and at follow-up. There were a total of 79 patients (51 males and 28 females, age range 5–70 years). There were 37 cases of pituitary adenomas, 19 craniopharyngiomas, 18 meningiomas, and

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Armento, Angela, Marius Ueffing, and Simon J. Clark. "The complement system in age-related macular degeneration." Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 78, no. 10 (2021): 4487–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-021-03796-9.

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AbstractAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a chronic and progressive degenerative disease of the retina, which culminates in blindness and affects mainly the elderly population. AMD pathogenesis and pathophysiology are incredibly complex due to the structural and cellular complexity of the retina, and the variety of risk factors and molecular mechanisms that contribute to disease onset and progression. AMD is driven by a combination of genetic predisposition, natural ageing changes and lifestyle factors, such as smoking or nutritional intake. The mechanism by which these risk factors in

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Solanki, Aum, Rudy Smalling, Abraham H. Parola, et al. "Humanin Nanoparticles for Reducing Pathological Factors Characteristic of Age-Related Macular Degeneration." Current Drug Delivery 16, no. 3 (2019): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201815666181031163111.

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Background: Humanin is a novel neuronal peptide that has displayed potential in the treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease through the suppression of inflammatory IL-6 cytokine receptors. Such receptors are found throughout the body, including the eye, suggesting its other potential applications. Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the developing world. There is no cure for this disease, and current treatments have several negative side effects associated with them, making finding other treatment options desirable. Objective: In this study, the potential appli

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Gao, Jiangyuan, Ruozhou Tom Liu, Sijia Cao, et al. "NLRP3 Inflammasome: Activation and Regulation in Age-Related Macular Degeneration." Mediators of Inflammation 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/690243.

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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of legal blindness in the elderly in industrialized countries. AMD is a multifactorial disease influenced by both genetic and environmental risk factors. Progression of AMD is characterized by an increase in the number and size of drusen, extracellular deposits, which accumulate between the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and Bruch’s membrane (BM) in outer retina. The major pathways associated with its pathogenesis include oxidative stress and inflammation in the early stages of AMD. Little is known about the interactions among these

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Quimson, Socorro Kintanar. "Retinopathy of Prematurity: Pathogenesis and Current Treatment Options." Neonatal Network 34, no. 5 (2015): 284–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.34.5.284.

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AbstractRetinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vasoproliferative retinal disorder that continues to be the major cause of preventable childhood blindness worldwide.1 Its incidence is inversely proportional to gestational age and birth weight. Approximately 65 percent of neonates with <1,250 g birth weight and 80 percent of those with 1,000 g birth weight will develop some degree of ROP.2 ROP can cause mild retinal disease without major visual defects or can adversely progress to retinal detachment and blindness through aggressive vascular proliferation.3 The purpose of this article is to rai

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Zelalem, Mengistu, Yekoye Abebe, Yilikal Adamu, and Tewodros Getinet. "Prevalence of visual impairment among school children in three primary schools of Sekela Woreda, Amhara regional state, north-west Ethiopia." SAGE Open Medicine 7 (January 2019): 205031211984976. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312119849769.

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Background: Although there are limited studies, recent data are lacking to determine the prevalence of eye problems in Ethiopia accurately and there is no scientific evidence of such study in Sekela Woreda. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of visual impairment among school children in Sekela Woreda, Ethiopia. Methods: The study design was a community-based analytical cross-sectional with a multi-stage cluster random sampling technique from September to November 2016.Visual acuity was tested using Snellen’s “E” chart while color vision was tested using Ishihara chart. T

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Parmeggiani, Francesco, Mario R. Romano, Ciro Costagliola, et al. "Mechanism of Inflammation in Age-Related Macular Degeneration." Mediators of Inflammation 2012 (2012): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/546786.

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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial disease that represents the most common cause of irreversible visual impairment among people over the age of 50 in Europe, the United States, and Australia, accounting for up to 50% of all cases of central blindness. Risk factors of AMD are heterogeneous, mainly including increasing age and different genetic predispositions, together with several environmental/epigenetic factors, that is, cigarette smoking, dietary habits, and phototoxic exposure. In the aging retina, free radicals and oxidized lipoproteins are considered to be major c

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Rasoulinejad, Seyed Ahmad, and Mohammad Montazeri. "Retinopathy of Prematurity in Neonates and its Risk Factors: A Seven Year Study in Northern Iran." Open Ophthalmology Journal 10, no. 1 (2016): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874364101610010017.

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Purpose: An important cause of avoidable childhood blindness is retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in countries with high human development index and also in some emerging economies countries. To date, no research have been conducted on analyzing data of ROP prevalence in Babol, and this is the first research performed on ROP in this area. Methods: All VLBW babies who referred to Babol ophthalmology center over the seven years, from February 2007 to December 2013 were enrolled in this descriptive cross-sectional research. A team of researchers recorded patients’ information completely in check l

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Cimaglia, Gloria, Marcela Votruba, James E. Morgan, Helder André, and Pete A. Williams. "Potential Therapeutic Benefit of NAD+ Supplementation for Glaucoma and Age-Related Macular Degeneration." Nutrients 12, no. 9 (2020): 2871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092871.

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Glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration are leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide with significant health and societal burdens. To date, no clinical cures are available and treatments target only the manageable symptoms and risk factors (but do not remediate the underlying pathology of the disease). Both diseases are neurodegenerative in their pathology of the retina and as such many of the events that trigger cell dysfunction, degeneration, and eventual loss are due to mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Here, we critically review how a decreased

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Sakhnov, Sergey N. "THE ORGANIZATION OF EARLY DETECTION OF GLAUCOMA AND ITS PROGNOSTICATION CONSIDERING DIGITAL SCREENING OF MEDICAL SOCIAL RISK FACTORS." Health Care of the Russian Federation 62, no. 4 (2019): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0044-197x-2018-62-4-197-200.

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Introduction. The high prevalence of glaucoma and its dominance among causes of irreversible blindness determine medical social significance. Purpose of study. To analyze risk factors in patients with glaucoma to be implemented in organization of early detection of pathology. Materials and methods. The results of digital screening of risk factors in sampling of 225 patients with glaucoma stage II-III and 207 patients of the same age the evaluation was applied concerning prognostic significance of medical and behavioral risk factors. Results. The major risk factors of development of glaucoma ar

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Fernandes, Arthur G., Solange R. Salomão, Nívea N. Ferraz, et al. "Pterygium in adults from the Brazilian Amazon Region: prevalence, visual status and refractive errors." British Journal of Ophthalmology 104, no. 6 (2019): 757–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-314131.

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AimsTo determine prevalence of pterygium, its role as main cause of unilateral and bilateral visual impairment and blindness and its impact on refractive errors from adults living in a high ultraviolet exposure area in the Brazilian Amazon Region.MethodsCluster sampling was used in randomly selecting subjects ≥45 years of age from urban and rural areas of Parintins city. Eligible subjects were enumerated through a door-to-door household survey and invited for an eye exam including refraction. Pterygium was assessed considering location (nasal, temporal or both) and size (<3 mm or ≥3 mm reac

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Di Carlo, Emiliano, and Albert J. Augustin. "Prevention of the Onset of Age-Related Macular Degeneration." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 15 (2021): 3297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153297.

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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) represents the leading cause of irreversible blindness in elderly people, mostly after the age of 65. The progressive deterioration of visual function in patients affected by AMD has a significant impact on quality of life and has also high social costs. The current therapeutic options are only partially able to slow down the natural course of the disease, without being capable of stopping its progression. Therefore, better understanding of the possibilities to prevent the onset of the disease is needed. In this regard, a central role is played by the ide

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Raut, Pritish K., Sachin Gupta, and Shamkumar U. Burungale. "Association of socio-demographic and specific causative factors associated with development of cataract: a cross-sectional study." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 7 (2020): 2743. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20203008.

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Background: Cataract is a major cause of blindness worldwide, particularly so in India. Cataract constitutes 55% of total blindness in this country. It is generally acknowledged that age-related (senile) cataract is a multifactorial disease. The combined effect of these risk factors can help in better prediction of cataract as compared to their individual effects and is also helpful in determining preventive and curative interventions in development of cataract. Objective: To study the association between development of cataract and specific causative factors, socio-demographic factors.Methods

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Muluneh, Mitiku Wale, and Awoke Seyoum Tegegne. "Determinants of Intraocular Pressure and Time to Blindness for Glaucoma Patients at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Bar, Ethiopia: A Comparison of Separate and Joint Models." Cancer Informatics 20 (January 2021): 117693512110459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11769351211045975.

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Background: Due to the substantial increase in the number of glaucoma cases within the next several decades, glaucoma is a significant public health issue. The main objective of this study was to investigate the determinant factors of intraocular pressure and time to blindness of glaucoma patients under treatment at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective study design was conducted on 328 randomly selected glaucoma patients using simple random sampling based on the identification number of patients in an ophthalmology clinic at the hospital under the follo

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Eftekhari, Amir, Vahideh Manouchehri, Farideh Mosavi, and Mohammad Ali Jahanbani. "Evaluation of maternal factors for the development of retinopathy of prematurity." Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 43, no. 2 (2021): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/mj.2021.042.

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Background: Since Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of childhood blindness, the identification of contributed risk factors is crucial. In recent years, great attention has been paid to maternal factors. The reason is that maternal factors can directly affect fetus via intrauterine hypoxia. However, the results of this studies are conflicting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of maternal factors on the development of ROP. Methods: In a prospective study, 150 premature infants with the gestational age of less than 32 weeks and birth weight of less than 1500

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Vallée, Alexandre, Yves Lecarpentier, Rodolphe Vallée, Rémy Guillevin та Jean-Noël Vallée. "Circadian Rhythms in Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration: The Key Role of the Canonical WNT/β-Catenin Pathway". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, № 3 (2020): 820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21030820.

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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is considered as the main worldwide cause of blindness in elderly adults. Exudative AMD type represents 10 to 15% of macular degeneration cases, but is the main cause of vision loss and blindness. Circadian rhythm changes are associated with aging and could further accelerate it. However, the link between circadian rhythms and exudative AMD is not fully understood. Some evidence suggests that dysregulation of circadian functions could be manifestations of diseases or could be risk factors for the development of disease in elderly adults. Biological rhythm

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Braithwaite, Tasanee, Nevile Q. Verlander, Tunde Peto, et al. "National Eye Survey of Trinidad and Tobago (NESTT): prevalence, causes and risk factors for presenting vision impairment in adults over 40 years." British Journal of Ophthalmology 104, no. 1 (2019): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313428.

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AimTo estimate the prevalence, causes and risk factors for presenting distance and near vision impairment (VI) in Trinidad and Tobago.MethodsThis is a national, population-based survey using multistage, cluster random sampling in 120 clusters with probability-proportionate-to-size methods. Stage 1 included standardised, community-based measurement of visual acuity. Stage 2 invited all 4263 people aged ≥40 years for comprehensive clinic-based assessment. The Moorfields Eye Hospital Reading Centre graded fundus photographs and optical coherence tomography images independently.ResultsThe response

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Daien, Vincent, Vuong Nguyen, Nigel Morlet, et al. "Outcomes and Predictive Factors After Cataract Surgery in Patients With Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration. The Fight Retinal Blindness! Project." American Journal of Ophthalmology 190 (June 2018): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2018.03.012.

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Grzybowski, Andrzej, Mariusz Och, Piotr Kanclerz, Christopher Leffler, and Carlos Gustavo De Moraes. "Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and Vascular Risk Factors: A Review of Population Based Studies from 1990 to 2019." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 3 (2020): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030761.

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Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide, and as the proportion of those over age 40 increases, so will the prevalence of glaucoma. The pathogenesis of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is unclear and multiple ocular risk factors have been proposed, including intraocular pressure, ocular perfusion pressure, ocular blood flow, myopia, central corneal thickness, and optic disc hemorrhages. The purpose of this review was to analyze the association between systemic vascular risk factors (including hypertension, diabetes, age, and migraine) and POAG, based on major epidemiologi

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Shilova, N. A., N. V. Kharlamova, Yu A. Fisyuk, T. V. Chasha, E. V. Churakova, and S. S. Mezhinsky. "FREQUENCY AND OUTCOME OF RETINOPATHY IN PROFOUNDLY PRETERM NEWBORNS RECEIVING SPECIALIZED MEDICAL CARE." Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) 63, no. 5 (2018): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2018-63-5-51-54.

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Objective. To determine frequency of retinopathy cases in profoundly preterm newborns treated at Gorodkov Ivanovo Scientific Research Institute of Maternity and Childhood in 2016-2017, as well as to evaluate impact of the risk factors on disease severity in the conditions of specialized medical care. We examined 344 profoundly preterm newborns with gestational age of less than 32 weeks. 83 children (24.1%) were diagnosed with retinopathy of preterm newborns. A high quality of medical care was proved by a low percentage of children with severe forms of retinopathy in preterm newborns and absenc

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Romero-Vazquez, Sara, Víctor Llorens, Alba Soler-Boronat, Marc Figueras-Roca, Alfredo Adan, and Blanca Molins. "Interlink between Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Role of Complement Factor H." Biomedicines 9, no. 7 (2021): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9070763.

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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) heads the list of legal blindness among the elderly population in developed countries. Due to the complex nature of the retina and the variety of risk factors and mechanisms involved, the molecular pathways underlying AMD are not yet fully defined. Persistent low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress eventually lead to retinal pigment epithelium dysfunction and outer blood–retinal barrier (oBRB) breakdown. The identification of AMD susceptibility genes encoding complement factors, and the presence of inflammatory mediators in drusen, the hallmark deposi

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Moschos, Marilita M., Eirini Nitoda, Irini P. Chatziralli, and Constantinos A. Demopoulos. "Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Pathogenesis, Genetic Background, and the Role of Nutritional Supplements." Journal of Chemistry 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/317536.

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Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is the leading cause of severe vision loss and blindness worldwide, mainly affecting people over 65 years old. Dry and wet ARDM are the main types of the disease, which seem to have a multifactorial background. The aim of this review is to summarize the mechanisms of ARMD pathogenesis and exhibit the role of diet and nutritional supplements in the onset and progression of the disease. Environmental factors, such as smoking, alcohol, and, diet appear to interact with mutations in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, contributing to the pathogenesis of ARMD. Inf

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Zungu, Thokozani, Shaffi Mdala, Chatonda Manda, Halima Sumayya Twabi, and Petros Kayange. "Characteristics and visual outcome of ocular trauma patients at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Malawi." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (2021): e0246155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246155.

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Background To describe the epidemiology and visual outcome of patients with ocular trauma treated at Queen Elizabeth Central hospital in Malawi. Methods A prospective, observational study was undertaken from September 2017 to December 2017. Data on socio-demographic features, aetiology of trauma, type of ocular injury pre-referral pathway and treatment of ocular trauma was collected as the exposure variables. The main outcome variable was best corrected visual acuity at 8 weeks following initial visit. Results A total of 102 patients (103 eyes) with ocular trauma were recruited with loss of fo

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Holan, Vladimir, Barbora Hermankova, and Jan Kossl. "Perspectives of Stem Cell–Based Therapy for Age-Related Retinal Degenerative Diseases." Cell Transplantation 26, no. 9 (2017): 1538–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963689717721227.

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Retinal degenerative diseases, which include age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma, mostly affect the elderly population and are the most common cause of decreased quality of vision or even blindness. So far, there is no satisfactory treatment protocol to prevent, stop, or cure these disorders. A great hope and promise for patients suffering from retinal diseases is represented by stem cell–based therapy that could replace diseased or missing retinal cells and support regeneration. In this respect, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that can be o

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