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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Block sliding'
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1
Spaans, Ruben Grønning. "Improving sliding-block puzzle solving using meta-level reasoning." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-10813.
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In this thesis, we develop a meta-reasoning system based on CBR which solves sliding-block puzzles. The meta-reasoning system is built on top of a search-based sliding-block puzzle solving program which was developed as part of the specialization project at NTNU. As part of the thesis work, we study existing literature on automatic puzzle solving methods and state space search, as well as the use of reasoning and meta-level reasoning applied to puzzles and games. The literature study forms the theoretical foundation for the development of the meta-reasoning system. The meta-reasoning system is further enhanced by adding a meta-control cycle which uses randomized search to generate new cases to apply to puzzles. In addition, we explore several ways of improving the underlying solver program by trying to solve hard puzzles by using the solution for easier variants, and by developing a more memory-efficient way of representing puzzle configurations. We evaluate the results of our system, and shows that it offers a slight improvement compared to solving the puzzles with a set of general cases, as well as showing vast improvement for a few isolated test cases, but the performance is slightly behind the hand-tuned parameters we found in the specialization project. We conclude our work by identifying parts of our system where improvement can be done, as well as suggesting other promising areas for further research.
2
Chlimintzas, Georgios. "Seismic displacements of slopes using multi-block sliding technique." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8169.
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Chang, Hao-Chi. "Sliding mode control design based on block control principle /." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486461246815228.
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Rudnytskyj, André. "Simulations of contact mechanics and wear of linearly reciprocating block-on-flat sliding test." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-68881.
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The use of computational methods in tribology can be a valuable approach to deal with engineering problems, ultimately saving time and resources. In this work, amodel problem and methodology is developed to deal with a common situation found in experiments in tribology, namely a linearly reciprocating block-on-flat drysliding contact. The modelling and simulation of such case would allow a better understanding of the contact pressure distribution, wear and geometry evolutionof the block as it wears out during a test. Initially, the introduction and motivation for this work is presented, followed by a presentation of relevant scientific topics related to this work. Wear modelling of published studies are reviewed next, along with studies available in the literature and the goals for this thesis.The fourth section refers to the methodology used and the built-up of the model problem. In this work the Finite Element Method and Archard’s wear model through COMSOL Multiphysics® and MATLAB® are used to study the proposed contact problem. The construction of the model problem is detailed and the procedure for wear, geometry update and long term predictions, is presented inspired by the literature reviewed. Finally, the results are presented and discussed; wear increment and new geometries evolution are presented in the figures, followed by pressure profile evolution at selected times. The final geometry is also compared for different time steps. At last, conclusions and recommendations for future work are stated.
5
Thanasainas, Ioannis. "Numerical analysis of rocking rigid elements subjected to seismic ground motion." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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The main objective of the thesis is to obtain a numerical analysis of a rocking – sliding rigid block, which is excited by an acceleration transferred from the foundation where it lays upright or with an initial assigned inclination. For the evaluation, the block is subjected to certain ground motions provided by accelerometers around the globe with different peak ground accelerations, peak ground velocities, coefficients of static and kinetic friction and variable height. The solution of the analytical models provide with the angular and translational displacement and velocity. These metadata help determine the exact motion that will be performed until the rigid block, which is examined, will result to a resting position or overturn.
6
Zhao, Lei. "Three-dimensional numerical study on the batter instability mechanism of Maddingley Brown Coal Open Pit, Victoria, Australia using PLAXIS 3D." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 2019. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/172972.
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With the increased size of excavation due to long-term open cut mining, batter instability has become a major geo-hazard in Victorian Brown Coal Open Pits where facilitate some largest brown coal mining operations in the world. Block failure is a unique failure mode in Victorian brown coal mines, which is often associated with cracks and rainfall. Maddingley Brown Coal Mine (MBC) is located in Bacchus Marsh, Victoria, Australia. Slope instability has also been a major geo-problem since the open pit mining commenced in MBC in 1940s. Making clear the cracking mechanism and the correlations between rainfall and batter instability have important implications in better understanding and predicting batter failures in Victorian brown coal mines. In this research, three-dimensional geologic models were developed to investigate the mechanism of brown coal batter instability. The finite element program encoded in Plaxis 3D was employed to conduct the complex two-phase (fluid-solid) coupled numerical simulations. The results revealed the cracking mechanism of coal batter and the effects of rainfall on batter stability. It was found that the brown coal batter with overburden tends to lead a circular critical path while the batter after overburden removal shows a trend of block sliding as interpreted by the shear and tensile strains simulated. The existence of joints and the hydrostatic water pressure in the joints could adversely affect the stability of brown coal batter towards block failure. Precipitation can increase the deformation, excess pore pressure, total pore pressure, active pressure and decrease the matric suction, and thereby decrease the shear strength, effective stress, and batter stability. The results from the three-dimensional hydro-mechanically coupled finite element study were well agreed with the field monitored data, theoretical calculations, and Victorian brown coal mining experience.Doctor of Philosophy
7
Astorga, Mejia Marlem Lucia. "Simplified Performance-Based Analysis for Seismic Slope Displacements." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5963.
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Millions of lives have been lost over the years as a result of the effects of earthquakes. One of these devastating effects is slope failure, more commonly known as landslide. Over the years, seismologists and engineers have teamed up to better record data during an earthquake. As technology has advanced, the data obtained have become more refined, allowing engineers to use the data in their efforts to estimate earthquakes where they have not yet occurred. Several methods have been proposed over time to utilize the earthquake data and estimate slope displacements. A pioneer in the development of methods to estimate slope displacements, Nathan Newmark, proposed what is now called the Newmark sliding block method. This method explained in very simple ways how a mass, in this case a rigid block, would slide over an incline given that the acceleration of the block surpassed the frictional resistance created between the bottom of the block and the surface of the incline. Because many of the assumptions from this method were criticized by scientists over time, modified Newmark sliding block methods were proposed. As the original and modified Newmark sliding block methods were introduced, the need to account for the uncertainty in the way soil would behave under earthquake loading became a big challenge. Deterministic and probabilistic methods have been used to incorporate parameters that would account for some of the uncertainty in the analysis. In an attempt to use a probabilistic approach in understanding how slopes might fail, the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center proposed a performance-based earthquake engineering framework that would allow decision-makers to use probabilistically generated information to make decisions based on acceptable risk. Previous researchers applied this framework to simplified Newmark sliding block models, but the approach is difficult for engineers to implement in practice because of the numerous probability calculations that are required. The work presented in this thesis provides a solution to the implementation of the performance-based approach by providing a simplified procedure for the performance-based determination of seismic slope displacements using the Rathje & Saygili (2009) and the Bray and Travasarou (2007) simplified Newmark sliding block models. This document also includes hazard parameter maps, which are an important part of the simplified procedure, for five states in the United States. A validation of the method is provided, as well as a comparison of the simplified method against other commonly used approaches such as deterministic and pseudo-probabilistic.
8
Liang, Teng. "Seismic performance of vegetated slopes." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2015. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/04c95230-9768-4c0a-8b8a-b32081d039a9.
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Linde, Jens, and Ludwig Gille. "Produktutveckling av bärskena för pendlade armaturer." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Industriell produktutveckling, produktion och design, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44759.
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Purpose – The purpose of this thesis was to follow up and further develop an existing product at Fagerhult AB. The product is a support rail for pendant luminaires. The support rail facilitates the positioning of the luminaire when mounted in the ceiling. The problem with today’s support rail is that it doesn’t meet the requirements set by Fagerhult AB according to aesthetics and flexibility. The request is instead a support rail that takes less space, more aesthetically appealing and more flexible. Methodology – The thesis has followed a product development process, from pilot study until prototype. First thing was a time planning to establish milestones to see when different parts of the project were supposed to be done. Then a pilot study was made in terms of market research and a competitor analysis to get a more complete picture of the today’s market and also what the market wanted. From the pilot study a complete requirement specification was made together with the customer. By the requirement specification a concept generation started in terms of brainstorming and morphologic matrix. The concepts were screened through elimination matrices and together with Fagerhult AB. The final concept was chosen from four more worked through concepts. Those concepts have all been made in a CAD-environment, Solid Edge, and physical prototypes have partially been made to be evaluated in different areas. The prototypes were evaluated in aesthetics, installation friendliness and manufacturing cost. The final concept was developed into a working prototype. Results – Already from the beginning the final result was divided into three different areas, T-clips, rail and sliding block. The final prototype consisted of a T-clips which was made in two pieces, spring steel and sheet metal. This was to offer an installation friendly support rail and also to make an opportunity to hide the T-clips which was previously exposed. The rail was designed with integrated covers on the ends and the opportunity to fit the sliding block inside, this was made to make the support rail more aesthetic appealing and to make sure that focus was not taken from the luminaire. The sliding block was then developed to fit inside the rail and suspension was offered for the wire loop. That way the wire loop, which is attached to the sliding block, could be hidden inside the rail. This resulted in an even more hidden supporting rail. To maintain the target value for the supporting rail the material was kept in standard and to some extent the construction had elements of already existing functions. Restrictions – Because of the lack of time the thesis only dealt with the product development process until prototype. The prototype was partially made by the writers themselves because Fagerhult AB:s prototype workshop had been busy. Neither FEM-calculations nor simulations was made to verify and optimize functions on the prototype, also this because of time constraints.Syfte - Syftet med detta arbete var att vidareutveckla en befintlig produkt hos Fagerhult AB. Produkten är en bärskena för pendlade armaturer. Bärskenan underlättar positionering av armaturen väl monterad i undertaket som den är anpassad för. Problemet med dagens bärskena är att den inte uppfyller de krav som Fagerhult AB ställer gällande estetik och flexibilitet. En bärskena som tar mindre plats, mer estetisk tilltalande och mer flexibel efterfrågas. Metodik - Utförandet av arbetet har följt en produktutvecklingsprocess, från förstudie till prototyp. Först gjordes en tidsplanering för att upprätta milstolpar när olika delar i projektet bör vara klara. Sedan gjordes en förstudie i form av marknadsundersökning och konkurrensanalys för att få en mer komplett bild av hur marknaden såg ut i dagsläget samt vad marknaden ville ha. Utifrån förstudien sammanställdes en definitiv kravspecifikation tillsammans med kund. Med kravspecifikationens grund påbörjades konceptgenereringen i form av brainstorming och morfologisk matris. Koncepten sållades sedan genom elimineringsmatriser och tillsammans med Fagerhult. Det slutgiltiga konceptet valdes utifrån fyra mer genomarbetade koncept. Dessa koncept är uppritade i en CAD-miljö, Solid Edge, och till viss del är fysiska prototyper framtagna för att utvärderas i olika områden. De utvärderades i estetik, installationsvänlighet och tillverkningskostnad. Det slutgiltiga konceptet utvecklades till en funktionsduglig prototyp. Resultat - Det slutgiltiga resultatet hade från början delats upp i tre olika delområden, T-clips, skena och glidblock. Den slutgiltiga prototypen bestod av ett T-clips som var tvådelat i fjäderstål och tunnplåt. Detta för att erbjuda en installationsvänlig bärskena samt möjligheten att dölja T-clipset som förr exponerats. Skenan utformades med integrerade täcklock på ändarna samt möjligheten att placera glidblocket inuti skenan, detta för att få en mer estetiskt tilltalande bärskena samt att fokus inte skulle tas från belysningsarmaturen. Glidblocket utvecklades för placering inuti skenan samt erbjöds upphängning av vajeröglan. På så sätt kunde vajeröglan, som fästs i glidblocket, döljas inuti skenan. Detta resulterade i att bärskenan doldes ytterligare. För att bärskenan skulle bibehålla målpriset behölls standardmaterial och till viss del hade konstruktionen inslag av redan befintliga funktioner. Begränsningar – På grund av tidsbristen behandlade arbetet endast produktutvecklingsprocessen fram till funktionsprototyp. En prototyp författarna själva till viss del fick ta fram därför att Fagerhult AB:s prototypverkstad varit belastad. Varken simuleringar eller FEM-beräkningar har utförts på prototypen för att verifiera funktionerna och optimera, även detta på grund av tidsbrist.
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Balal, Onur. "Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment For Earthquake Induced Landslides." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615453/index.pdf.
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Earthquake-induced slope instability is one of the major sources of earthquake hazards in near fault regions. Simplified tools, such as Newmark&rsquos Sliding Block (NSB) Analysis are widely used to represent the stability of a slope under earthquake shaking. The outcome of this analogy is the slope displacement where larger displacement values indicate higher seismic slope instability risk. Recent studies in the literature propose empirical models between the slope displacement and single or multiple ground motion intensity measures such as peak ground acceleration or Arias intensity. These correlations are based on the analysis of large datasets from global ground motion recording database (PEER NGA-W1 Database). Ground motions from earthquakes occurred in Turkey are poorly represented in NGA-W1 database since corrected and processed data from Turkey was not available until recently. The objective of this study is to evaluate the compatibility of available NSB displacement prediction models for the Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment (PSHA) applications in Turkey using a comprehensive dataset of ground motions recorded during earthquakes occurred in Turkey. Then the application of selected NSB displacement prediction model in a vector-valued PSHA framework is demonstrated with the explanations of seismic source characterization, ground motion prediction models and ground motion intensity measure correlation coefficients. The results of the study is presented in terms of hazard curves and a comparison is made with a case history in Asarsuyu Region where seismically induced landslides (Bakacak Landslides) had taken place during 1999 Dü
zce Earthquake.
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Lundberg, Oskar. "On the influence of surface roughness on rolling contact forces." Doctoral thesis, KTH, MWL Marcus Wallenberg Laboratoriet, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-193935.
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Road vehicle tyres, railway wheels and ball bearings all generate rolling contact forces which are transferred within a finite area of contact between the rolling element and the substrate. Either it is visible or not for the human eye, a certain degree of roughness is always present on the contacting surfaces and it influences the generation of both vertical and lateral contactforces. The purpose of this investigation is to enhance the understanding and modelling of the influence from small-scale surface roughness on the generation of rolling contact forces. To this end, a computationally efficient method to include roughness-induced contact nonlinearities in the dynamic modelling of rolling contacts is proposed. The method is implemented in a time domain model for vertical wheel–track interaction to model rolling-induced rail vibrations, showing good agreement with measurements. Furthermore, a test rig is developed and used for the investigation of tyre–road rolling contact forces. Detailed studies are performed on the influence of substrate roughness on the resulting contact forces for a tyre tread block which is rolling at different operating conditions. The choice of substrate as well as the rolling velocity and the slip ratio is observed to have significant influence on the resulting friction coefficient. For high slip ratios, stick–slip oscillations appear, exhibiting frequency content which is largely dependent on the choice of substrate. The outcomes of this study can potentially be used to improve future tyre–road contacts with respect to wear, traction and noise generation.QC 20161013
Centre for Eco2 Vehicle Design
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Kasinos, Stavros. "Seismic response analysis of linear and nonlinear secondary structures." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2018. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33728.
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Understanding the complex dynamics that underpin the response of structures in the occurrence of earthquakes is of paramount importance in ensuring community resilience. The operational continuity of structures is influenced by the performance of nonstructural components, also known as secondary structures. Inherent vulnerability characteristics, nonlinearities and uncertainties in their properties or in the excitation pose challenges that render their response determination as a non-straightforward task. This dissertation settles in the context of mathematical modelling and response quantification of seismically driven secondary systems. The case of bilinear hysteretic, rigid-plastic and free-standing rocking oscillators is first considered, as a representative class of secondary systems of distinct behaviour excited at a single point in the primary structure. The equations governing their full dynamic interaction with linear primary oscillators are derived with the purpose of assessing the appropriateness of simplified analysis methods where the secondary-primary feedback action is not accounted for. Analyses carried out in presence of pulse-type excitation have shown that the cascade approximation can be considered satisfactory for bilinear systems provided the secondary-primary mass ratio is adequately low and the system does not approach resonance. For the case of sliding and rocking systems, much lighter secondary systems need to be considered if the cascade analysis is to be adopted, with the validity of the approximation dictated by the selection of the input parameters. Based on the premise that decoupling is permitted, new analytical solutions are derived for the pulse driven nonlinear oscillators considered, conveniently expressing the seismic response as a function of the input parameters and the relative effects are quantified. An efficient numerical scheme for a general-type of excitation is also presented and is used in conjunction with an existing nonstationary stochastic far-field ground motion model to determine the seismic response spectra for the secondary oscillators at given site and earthquake characteristics. Prompted by the presence of uncertainty in the primary structure, and in line with the classical modal analysis, a novel approach for directly characterising uncertainty in the modal shapes, frequencies and damping ratios of the primary structure is proposed. A procedure is then presented for the identification of the model parameters and demonstrated with an application to linear steel frames with uncertain semi-rigid connections. It is shown that the proposed approach reduces the number of the uncertain input parameters and the size of the dynamic problem, and is thus particularly appealing for the stochastic assessment of existing structural systems, where partial modal information is available e.g. through operational modal analysis testing. Through a numerical example, the relative effect of stochasticity in a bi-directional seismic input is found to have a more prominent role on the nonlinear response of secondary oscillators when compared to the uncertainty in the primary structure. Further extending the analyses to the case of multi-attached linear secondary systems driven by deterministic seismic excitation, a convenient variant of the component-mode synthesis method is presented, whereby the primary-secondary dynamic interaction is accounted for through the modes of vibration of the two components. The problem of selecting the vibrational modes to be retained in analysis is then addressed for the case of secondary structures, which may possess numerous low frequency modes with negligible mass, and a modal correction method is adopted in view of the application for seismic analysis. The influence of various approaches to build the viscous damping matrix of the primary-secondary assembly is also investigated, and a novel technique based on modal damping superposition is proposed. Numerical applications are demonstrated through a piping secondary system multi-connected on a primary frame exhibiting various irregularities in plan and elevation, as well as a multi-connected flexible secondary system. Overall, this PhD thesis delivers new insights into the determination and understanding of the response of seismically driven secondary structures. The research is deemed to be of academic and professional engineering interest spanning several areas including seismic engineering, extreme events, structural health monitoring, risk mitigation and reliability analysis.
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Ghoussoub, Leyla. "Analyse de quelques éléments du comportement des écrans de filets pare-blocs." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1171/document.
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Les écrans de filets pare-blocs sont des structures complexes hétérogènes formés d'un filet métallique maintenu par des câbles, des poteaux et des haubans munis de dissipateurs d'énergie. Le filet intercepte la trajectoire du bloc rocheux et résiste à sa perforation en dissipant l'énergie cinétique de l'impact dans les différents éléments de la structure. Le problème de modélisation posé par ces structures met en jeu de nombreuses non-linéarités tant matérielles que géométriques : l'impact dynamique rapide, les grandes déformations du filet et des câbles, les glissements et les frottements (dans le filet, du filet sur les câbles ou des câbles sur les supports), la plastification du filet ou des éléments dissipateurs, ainsi qu'un très grand nombre de paramètres géométriques ou technologiques (type de filet, type de dissipateur, type d'architecture de kit).Les travaux de doctorat présentés ici proposent deux nouvelles approches pour la modélisation numérique de deux principaux éléments du comportement des écrans de filets pare-blocs : les propriétés élastiques intrinsèques des filets et l'effet rideau, c'est-à-dire le glissement du filet sur les câbles de rives. Sur le premier point, il est à noter que les recherches qui ont été consacrées jusqu'à présent à l'étude du filet se concentrent pour l'essentiel sur des typologies particulières. Dans ce travail, les propriétés intrinsèques des différentes technologies de filets sont déterminées à l'aide de la méthode d'homogénéisation des milieux périodiques discrets dans laquelle chaque filet est remplacé par une membrane homogène. Une comparaison des comportements non-linéaires des principales technologies de filets est effectuée et met en évidence des différences remarquables dans la distribution des efforts aux bords de chaque filet et les caractéristiques des déformations. Concernant le deuxième point, plusieurs études ont montré l'importance de la modélisation des câbles glissants pour reproduire le comportement réel de la structure. Dans la deuxième partie de la thèse, l'effet rideau est modélisé. Un modèle analytique de câble glissant à « n » nœuds est développé. Ensuite, ce modèle est implémenté dans un algorithme numérique mettant en œuvre une utilisation avancée du logiciel de calcul par éléments finis code-aster en statique et en dynamique. Cet algorithme est validé par des calculs analytiques et les limites de la méthode utilisée sont exposées. Enfin, des tests numériques sont conduits sur des modèles de filets en tenant compte de l'effet rideau pour évaluer l'influence du modèle développé sur les résultats. Des remarques, observations et conseils sont déduits afin d'aboutir à un outil numérique d'aide à la conception des écrans de filets pare-blocsSoft rockfall barriers are complex structures that generally consist of a metallic net supported by steel posts and cables with brake elements. Several experimental and numerical studies have been carried out to evaluate their behaviour and a technical agreement in EU was recently established to certify these barriers based on experimental tests. Actually, manufacturers develop rockfall kits with their own technical specificities. The objective of the present work is to determine the intrinsic properties of most common nets technologies and to investigate their influence on the overall mechanical behaviour of the structure. To this end, a comprehensive comparison between the local behaviours of the different nets is first presented using equivalent homogeneous membranes. Results derived for square nets under static concentrated loading illustrate the influence of the manufacturing technology on the deflection and stresses distribution. Then, a numerical and analytical model for the so-called “curtain effect” is developed and validated. It is focused on the capacity of the proposed methodology to study and evaluate the response of the whole barrier
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Blomberg, Johan, and Alfred Sörgårn. "Lastkapacitet hos murar byggda med C3C blocksystem -översvämningslaster." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggteknik (BY), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-104965.
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Floods are the natural disaster that causes the most deaths and economic damage in the world. Sweden has been relatively spared from casualties in connection with floods, but the material damage is significant. In the future, larger and more frequent floods are expected. It is therefore interesting to study new protection barriers with higher capacity. C3C Engineering AB is a Växjö-based company that manufactures concrete blocks according to the lego principle out of waste concrete. In 2021, C3C has 99 production sites spread around Sweden. In the study, four models of stacking C3Cblock® were analyzed.The aim of the study was to produce calculation materials that can be used for stacking and placing C3Cblock® for flood protections. To calculate the capacity of the models, three horizontal loads were assumed to act on the stacking: static water pressure, hydrodynamic water pressure and floating debris load. In the study, four interviews with experts in the flood area were conducted. The interviews provided an insight into how experts at the relevant authorities view Sweden's preparedness, management, planning against floods and which criteria for protection barriers are considered important.The results from the study show that the C3Cblock® largely manage the water velocities and water heights that the authority for protection and preparedness maps for. The work also shows that the impact of floating debris has a relatively small effect compared to the hydrodynamic and hydrostatic water load. As the calculation set-up has been in ideal conditions, it is important when using the C3Cblock® for flood prevention purposes to have knowledge of terrain conditions such as base material and ground slope.Översvämningar är den naturkatastrof som orsakar flest antal dödsoffer och ekonomisk skada i världen. Sverige har varit relativt förskonat från dödsoffer i samband med översvämningar, men de materiella skadorna är betydande. I framtiden förväntas större och mer frekventa översvämningar. Det är därför intressant att studera nya skyddsbarriärer med högre kapacitet. C3C Engineering AB är ett Växjöbaserat företag som tillverkar betongblock enligt legoprincipenutav överbliven spillbetong. År 2021 har C3C 99 stycken produktionsplatser utspridda runt om i Sverige. I arbetet kontrollerades fyra modeller för stapling av C3Cblock®. Målet med arbetet var att ta fram beräkningsmaterial som kan användas vid stapling och placering av C3Cblock® i förebyggande syfte mot översvämningar. För att beräkna modellernas kapacitet antogs tre horisontella laster verka på staplingen: statiskt vattentryck, hydrodynamiskt vattentryck och drivgodslast. I arbetet har fyra stycken intervjuer med sakkunniga inom översvämningsområdetgenomförts. Intervjuerna gav en inblick i hur sakkunniga på berörda myndigheter ser på Sveriges beredskap, hantering, planering mot översvämningar och vilka kriterier för skyddsbarriärer som anses viktiga. Resultatet av arbetet visar att C3Cblock® till stor del klarar de vattenhastigheter och vattenhöjder som myndigheten för skydd och beredskap karterar för. Arbetet visar också att inverkan av drivgods har en relativt liten effekt jämfört med dethydrodynamiska- och hydrostatiska vattenlasten. Då beräkningsuppställningen varit i ideala förhållanden är det viktigt att vid användning av C3Cblock® i förebyggande syfte mot översvämningar ha kännedom kring terrängförhållanden som underlagsmaterial och marklutning.
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Pinto-Bull, Fernando. "Evolution tectono-sédimentaire d'un bloc basculé au cours du Jurassique : le massif du Rochail-Lauvitel ( Alpes occidentales, France) . Sédimentologie, stratigraphie et tectonique synsédimentaire." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1988. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00509909.
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L'étude de la série jurassique de la couverture du massif cristallin externe (Rochail-Lauvitel) a permis de préciser les différentes étapes de l'évolution d'un bloc basculé de ce secteur de la paléo-marge de la Téthys jurassique. L'étude sédimentologique a permis de distinguer 12 faciès caractérisant des milieux de dépôts compris entre les étages supralittoral et bathyal. L'analyse séquentielle met en évidence les différentes étapes d'approfondissement de ces milieux de dépôt au cours du rifting téthysien en fonction des variations biologiques et de la microfaune typique. Du point de vue séquentiel, l'Hettangien est représenté par une méga-séquence d'approfondissement découpée en 5 séquences limitées par des horizons de discontinuité. Les corrélations des différentes coupes ont permis de montrer que les variations d'épaisseur de l'Hettangien sont d'origine tectonique, mais résultent également de l'existence d'une paléo-topographie qui n'était pas plane. L'étude stratigraphique a permis, au point de vue paléontologique, de situer avec précision l'activité tectonique et l'approfondissement qui se sont produits au cours de l'Hettangien supérieur, de confirmer l'hétérochronie de la formation des Calcaires du Petit Renaud, et de mettre en évidence l'existence d'une série normale du Jurassique supérieur au sein de la formation des Calcaires du Paletas. La confrontation de l'étude sédimentologique et de l'étude stratigraphique permet d'affiner les corrélations entre les différentes coupes. L'étude paléo-structurale a permis la mise en évidence d'une activité qui a été perçue différemment par la sédimentation : • Au cours de l'Hettangien : apparition de failles normales synsédimentaires limitant de petits demi-grabens qui se sont arrêtés de fonctionner au début du Sinémurien. • L'érosion qui se manifeste sur les zones hautes entre le Domérien et l'Oxfordien moyen, est responsable du développement d'une formation biodétritique particulière sur les pentes du demi-graben : les Calcaires du Petit Renaud. • De l'Oxfordien moyen au Néocomien, la poursuite de l'instabilité des dépôts sur les pentes est responsable de la mise en place de 2 paquets glissés.
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Liu, Der Jenq, and 劉得正. "Development of Machine Learning Algorithm for Sliding Block Puzzle." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24030971326816317294.
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Sun, Wei-Yi, and 孫偉益. "A Grinding Parameters Optimization of A Linear Sliding Block." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83018130173059497093.
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碩士國立彰化師範大學
工業教育與技術學系
104
Precision grinding is one of the most important precision machining process, but in the professional grinding conditions whether there are improving the overall efficiency of the grinding still discussed. This paper aims to study precision grinding machines of milling parameters optimization research and analysis. Sliding block polishing characteristics by analyzing various experimental parameters, and the simulation of optimal parameter values. This paper will explore the spindle speed, X-axis movement speed and grinding depth of three processing parameters, the surface roughness of the linear slide block and the grinding efficiency. Grinding experiment using a Full-Factorial experiments design levels of control factors and sequential experiment, the experimental data fit the experimental model, take it as a target by the genetic algorithm to find the optimum grinding parameters. The resulting genetic algorithm parameters for authentication, using the best parameters to grinding, surface roughness and grinding efficiency obtained significantly improved. On the other hand, collected each factor grinding parameters characteristic of analysis. It will be as different products based on the design parameters of the grinding process in the future. Key words：Precision Grinding, Full-Factorial Experiments, Genetic Algorithm (GA)
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Chern, Shin-Yuh, and 陳仕翰. "Study of Temperature Distribution of Sliding Block with Asperity Surface." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5q628v.
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碩士國立虎尾科技大學
機械與機電工程研究所
98
In this study, a thermal model is developed for asperity sliding contact under various loads, sliding velocities, and surface roughness. The temperature distributions along the contact profile are shown for perfectly insulated thermal condition on non-contact surfaces. Results show that maximum temperature of each peak does not locate at the symmetry spot of the contact area. The maximum temperature is found at the proximity area behind symmetry axis (the reverse sliding direction). In addition, the maximum temperature is increased as the loads or sliding velocities increased. The temperature profile decreases as the distance to the symmetry axis increased. And then decreases dramatically at the non-contact area. For a particular five peaks contact model, the maximum temperature at the central peak is slightly larger than the others. The phenomena become obviously as the loads or sliding velocities are increased. As the value of surface roughness is increased, the maximum temperature at each peak is increased as well. However, the difference is not significant. The simulation results of this asperity sliding contact model are able to provide essential information for the components of micro-electrical mechanical system and biochemical reaction mechanism.
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Peterman, Breanna Rose. "Influence of ground motion selection on computed seismic sliding block displacement." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/25853.
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Seismic slope stability is often evaluated via permanent displacement analyses, which quantify the cumulative, downslope displacement of a sliding mass subjected to earthquake loading. Seismic sliding block displacements provide a useful index as to the seismic performance of a slope. Seismic sliding block displacements can be computed for a suite of acceleration-time histories selected to fit a design event.
This thesis explores the effect of ground motion selection on computed seismic sliding block displacements through two approaches. First, rigid sliding block displacements were computed for ground motion suites developed to fit uniform hazard spectra (UHS), conditional mean spectra (CMS), and conditional probability distributions for peak ground velocity (PGV) and Arias Intensity (Ia). Evaluation of the suites in terms of their PGV and Ia distributions provided useful insight into the relative displacements computed for the suites. The PGV and Ia distributions of the suite selected to fit the UHS exceed the theoretical distributions of these ground motion parameters. In fact, the scaled Ia values of motions in the UHS suite are greater than the largest Ia values in the Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) ground motion database. As such, the displacements computed for the UHS suite exceed the displacements computed for any other suite. If only two ground motion parameters are to be considered in ground motion selection we recommend those parameters be PGA and PGV. However, it is important to consider PGA, PGV, and Ia when developing ground motion suites for permanent displacement analyses.
Next, the use of simulated ground motions for permanent displacement analyses was addressed by comparing displacements computed for simulated ground motions to displacements computed for the corresponding recorded ground motion. Simulated ground motions generated via four seismological models were considered: the deterministic Composite Source Model (CSM), the stochastic model EXSIM, the deterministic-stochastic hybrid model by Graves and Pitarka (GP), and the deterministic-stochastic hybrid model developed at San Deigo State University (SDSU). The displacements computed for the SDSU simulations were the most similar to those computed using the recorded motions, with the average displacement of the SDSU simulations exceeding that of the corresponding recorded ground motion by about 6%. Additionally, the displacements from the SDSU simulations provided the smallest variability about the displacements computed for the recorded motions.text
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Lee, Kuo-Chen, and 李國誠. "Sliding of Rock Block on a Slope Induced by Seismic Excitation." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71233406230955628243.
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博士國立臺灣大學
土木工程學研究所
99
Earthquake induced dip-slope sliding or rock-block sliding is usually analyzed using friction angles or friction coefficients measured at the sliding interface. A tilt test is a convenient test for measuring the required friction angle. However, a tilt test is a test under static conditions, and the applicability of measured friction parameters to analyze slopes under dynamic excitation requires further discussion. This study conducts a static tilt test and a dynamic shaking table test to simulate block sliding with base excitation, compares differences in measured sliding thresholds, and discusses the cause of these differences. Tests on three different materials (aluminum, MS4 sandstone, and synthetic sandstone) show that friction coefficients measured by tilt tests are always larger than the ones derived by shaking table tests. Moreover, high frequency tests yield larger friction coefficients, suggesting the sliding threshold is non-constant under excitation. In addition, tests with varying normal stresses on the sliding block show that with increasing contact stresses, sliding thresholds decrease, implying that sliding threshold varies with normal stress. Instantaneous friction coefficients during sliding are also studied in this work. It has been found the frictional behavior of synthetic sandstone deviates from the idealized Coulomb friction model. The instantaneous friction coefficient varies with relative displacement and relative velocity during sliding. Finally, reasons for differences between a static tilt test and a dynamic shaking table test are discussed. This study preliminarily identifies the limitations of the tilt test when applied to dynamic problems, and concludes that realistic sliding thresholds can only be obtained using dynamic tests such as shaking table tests.
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Hung, Kao-Ming, and 洪國銘. "A preliminary Study of Nailed Reinforced Soil Slopes by Sliding Block Method." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63832145267140297817.
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碩士淡江大學
土木工程學系
92
Soil nailing has been used successfully in temporary and permanent geotechnical applications in recent years. Soil nail not only improves the stability of slope greatly but also has advantages with economic benefit and fast construction. Nailed soil improves shear strength of soil body through development of tension in the nail when diversity of strains occurs between soil mass and the nail. Because the applications of nailed soil in permanent structures have been increased rapidly, behavior of nailed slope under seismic loading becomes an important issue and attracts attention. This study revises the assumption of a single rigid block sliding along the failure plane by two-blocks. Results of the present study are compared with those obtained from shaking table tests and conventional Newmark method. Analytical results reveal that prediction of block displacement obtained from the present study and those of shaking table test have good agreement when the nailed slope subjected to mild or moderate seismic loading. However, as nailed slope subjected to strong seismic loading, the present study underestimates displacement of sliding block as compared to shacking table test.
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Hwang, Gwo-Shyang, and 黃國祥. "Study on Sliding Block Method and its Application on Caisson Type Quay walls." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90833814666627921861.
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博士國立臺灣大學
土木工程學研究所
90
Based on the Newmark’s (1965) sliding block model, the sliding displacement of a rigid block during an earthquake can be calculated and used for seismic design of retaining structures. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the characteristics of sliding response curve obtained from sliding block method and its application on the cases of caisson type quay walls that had been suffered large lateral displacements during earthquakes. In this study, it has been shown that the sliding response curve is a continuous curve with negative slope and positive curvature. In order to normalize the sliding response curve, a new normalizing factor has been derived considering the numbers of sliding, the duration of positive relative acceleration, the degree of fullness and the predominant period of ground acceleration time history. For illustration, 40 earthquake records were selected and analyzed. Results show that the value of the proposed normalizing factor correlates well with the sliding displacement at N/(A+)=5%. Besides, the sliding response curves of Chi-Chi earthquake (1999) were analyzed to show the characteristics of sliding response curve for different ground conditions. To study the behavior of caisson type quay walls that had experienced large lateral displacement during earthquakes, 3 cases were thoroughly investigated. They are: the P-3 section of Port Island in Japan (Kobe earthquake, 1995), the #2 pier of Taichung Harbor in Taiwan (Chi-Chi earthquake, 1999) and a shaking table test (Ghalandarzadeh et al., 1998). According to their characteristics of ground failure, a simple model with an extended volume of backfill soil mass is proposed to simulate the mechanism of large lateral displacements of caisson type quay walls occurred during earthquakes. Results show that the non-dimensional parameters corresponding to the proposed simple model are similar for in-situ cases. Finally, the method of finite element is used to analyze the 3 cases. The results show that the main cause of large lateral displacement occurred is owing to the plastic shearing deformation of foundation soil for each case studied.
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Huang, Wei-Hsuan, and 黃偉瑄. "Innovative Design and Development of a Nonlinear Auxiliary Sliding Block for Rolling Linear Guideways." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25t4s4.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
機電整合研究所
102
In today''s high-tech plant for questions or precision machine or instrument, vibration is undoubtedly bound to face, in order to maintain price competitiveness of machine tools, how to reduce rail line to flutter cutting the (chattering) and upgrading of the processing machine tools accuracy is an important issue. Therefore, this study will explore the vibration phenomenon line tools provided by Yongjin mechanical machine FV56A the track driving the proposed additional damping mechanism to assess the feasibility of machine tools and their damping effectiveness with vibration characteristics for the linear slide improve the use of geometry, load force, the amount of deformation as the basis for the design of a nonlinear effect of having a damping slider, when you move the slide in linear, nonlinear effects of low rigidity portion, so that the accuracy of the rail line is not affected by the installation of precision damping slider, and when the stationary state for processing, the use of nonlinear partial increase the rigidity of high rigidity, want the target to improve the rigidity of 100%, so that the rail line has a damping effect and increases machining accuracy. In accordance with easy installation, low production cost, and easy of processing of the premise, select the design that best meets the needs of many persons. In the static rigidity simulations, external force is applied to simulate the observed deformation of the auxiliary slider design is consistent with non-linear characteristics of the design. In the frequency analysis, observation of the natural frequency estimates auxiliary slider and linear modal analysis. In the experiments, this research produced the damping slider out in the static rigidity of static deformation dynamics simulation machine under the tool in and simulated data confirms the results of the discussion and analysis. The experimental data can be found on this damping slider design with non-linear characteristics and improve the rigidity consistent with the target, and this design has applied for patents.
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林茂興. "The identification of stiffness and damping between sliding block and rail of linear guide system." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38402175149580209810.
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碩士國立中興大學
機械工程學系
88
This thesis deals with the identification of interface properties of sliding block and rail of linear guide system. The uncertainties of finite element models are usually due to the interfaces of structures. To main-tain the integrity of the model, the finite element model is modified lo-cally based on experimental modal data. Two assumptions are generally made when doing model correlation. The first one is that the experiments are carefully planned and performed well so that the experimental result are highly reliable. The second one is that the original finite element model is relatively close to the real model. This thesis assumes that the modeling errors are all from the inter-face of the sliding block and the rail of the linear guide. The spring and damper elements are used to model the stiffness and the damping of the interface. The optimization method is used to minimize the differences of frequencies between the experimental and analytical results. The con-straints require the satisfaction of the cross-orthogonality condition among the experimental and analytical mode shapes. Guyan reduction is used to reduce the analytical model. Three examples are used to demonstrate this approach. The results are acceptable.
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Wang, Yubing. "Influence of ground motion scaling methods on the computed seismically-induced sliding displacements of slopes." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2010-12-2521.
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Evaluation of the seismic stability of slopes often involves an estimate of the expected sliding displacements. This evaluation requires a suite of acceleration-time histories as input motions. The methods of selecting and scaling these motions can affect the computed sliding displacements. Linear scaling of recorded ground motions and modification of recorded motions by spectral matching are common approaches used for ground motion selection and these approaches were used in this study to select motions for use in sliding displacement analyses. Rigid sliding block analyses and decoupled flexible sliding block analyses were performed using a suite of linearly scaled motions and a suite of spectrally matched motions. . Generally, the spectrally matched motions predict 10 to 30%, on average, smaller displacements and significantly less variability than the linearly scaled motions, when both suites of input motions were developed to match the same acceleration response spectrum. When both suites of input motions were developed to match the same peak ground velocity and acceleration response spectrum, the spectrally matched motions generally predict 5 to 15%, on average, larger displacements than the linearly scaled motions. Because ground motion parameters beyond acceleration response spectrum affect the computed sliding displacement, parameters such as peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV) and mean period (T[subscript m]) should be considered in selecting and scaling motions for use in sliding displacement analyses.text
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CHE, CHIEN-CHING, and 簡靖哲. "Identification of Interface Stiffness and Damping Characteristics for Sliding-Block and Ground-Support in a Five-Axis Machine-Tool." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/t28bkq.
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碩士國立虎尾科技大學
機械與電腦輔助工程系碩士班
107
The display of machining accuracy and service life are the key indicators for the working performance of the machine-tool. If the characteristics of the machine-tool structure itself may be handled at hand, it will not only be helpful to the reinforcement of the structure design and manufacturing, but also may avoid the occurrence of structure resonance and chatter vibration. The interface stiffness and damping largely affect the cutting dynamic characteristics of the machine-tool, which are influenced by many factors and hence the exact values are still not easy to obtain. For a long time, it has caused many troubles for the finite element analyzers. However, as the progress of numerical methods and calculation capabilities of the computer, difficulties in this area have achieved many breakthroughs. Therefore, the development of the techniques, such as interface stiffness, and ground-support stiffness and damping, are constructed in order to promote the machining accuracy and stability of the cutting processes. This study constructs the interface stiffness and damping of a five-axis machine-tool determination techniques in a practical approach. First, numerical simulation and experimental modal analysis (EMA) were performed for each single subsystem of a machine-tool, and the structure modal parameters can thus be obtained from the EMA. Then, the modal parameters are used as the objective function, and the modal analysis and harmonic analysis are separately and iteratively performed to solve the material Young's modulus and damping ratio for each single subsystem. In addition, the methods and procedures for solving the single subsystem just mentioned above are applied for the determination of the interface stiffness and damping between the ground support and floor at the state of the base structure in contact with the floor. Subsystems are superimposed one by one and part assembly system is constituted subsequently, and both numerical and experimental modal analyses for that system are performed at the same time. Also, the different contact forms between the interface between sliding-blocks and tracks are assessed and compared crossly, which aims to search for a proper contact manner and a simplified model for interface stiffness determination. Thus, the interface stiffness for part assembly system may be modified and solved step by step. Finally, based on the vibration signals sampled from the experiments, the transient analysis is conducted to solve the interface damping of the sliding-block and ground-support. The results indicated that the error between the harmonic analysis and EMA on some specific peaks of the frequency response function for each single subsystem is less than 10%. Also, both function curves are almost similar to each other. The results obtained both from the vibration signal and the transient analysis indicate that the interface damping of the sliding-block and the ground-support plays an important role on the capability of the vibration suppression for the overall machine-tool structure, while the influence of the structure damping ratio is minor.
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Meintanis, Evangelos Anastasios. "Molecular dynamics simulations of metallic friction and of its dependence on electric currents: development and first results." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/6694.
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We have extended the HOLA molecular dynamics (MD) code to run slider-on-block friction experiments for Al and Cu. Both objects are allowed to evolve freely and show marked deformation despite the hardness difference. We recover realistic coefficients of friction and verify the importance of cold-welding and plastic deformations in dry sliding friction. Our first data also show a mechanism for decoupling between load and friction at high velocities. Such a mechanism can explain an increase in the coefficient of friction of metals with velocity. The study of the effects of currents on our system required the development of a suitable electrodynamic (ED) solver, as the disparity of MD and ED time scales threatened the efficiency of our code. Our first simulations combining ED and MD are presented.text
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Aini, Fica Aida Nadhifatul, and Fica Aida Nadhifatul Aini. "Development of an Optical Inspection System for Sliding Blocks." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3sey52.
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Wu, Ting-Yen, and 吳亭諺. "Nonlinear Lateral Dynamic Behavior of Machine Tool Sliding Blocks." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22107NCHU5311025%22.&searchmode=basic.
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碩士國立中興大學
機械工程學系所
107
To avoid chatter during machining, the stability lobe diagram can be defined by the spindle tip frequency response function, providing a suitable combination of processing parameters. However, the frequency response function (FRF), traditionally obtained from the hammer impact test is inaccurate if the system is nonlinear. The excitation force in impact test is not similar to the actual cutting force. In addition, the magnitude of the excitation force affects the FRF of the nonlinear system. In this study, impact hammer and the shaker are used as excitation sources in experimental modal analysis (EMA) of the linear guideway. The difference of the FRF between the two excitation sources are compared. Afterwards, a series of sinusoidal excitation forces are applied to the sliding block by the shaker. Obtain the dynamic response by the stepped sine to identify the modal parameters. When using shaker in experimental modal analysis, attention has been paid to the position of the shaker suspension to avoid additional preload, which will affect the FRF of the structure. If the mass of the sliding block is not much higher than the stinger, the natural frequency to be observed should avoid the mode of the stinger itself. During the analysis, it is found that the natural frequency and damping ratio of the structure decrease due to the increase of excitation force. Taking the excitation force 2N and 20N as an example, the natural frequency is decreased by 1.03%, and the damping ratio is decreased by 62.33%.
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Nichols, Erika Ennis. "Dynamic frictional sliding along an interface between two homogeneous blocks." 2008. http://digital.library.okstate.edu/etd/umi-okstate-2737.pdf.
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Lu, An, and 陸安. "The Influence of Upward Ground Water on Sliding Blocks Forming in Consequent Slope of Jointed Rock." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/fj29c4.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
土木工程學研究所
107
In this research, field work, physical model and UDEC numerical simulation would be applied to study the influence of groundwater on step-failure of dip slope. In the results of field work, the sliding surface in dip slope failure occurring on February 12, 2018 are decided by drill log data and elevation of ground surface. Furthermore, drill log data from different period are integrated and processed by GIS to find the distance between ground surface and sliding surface which caused dip slope failure this time. Physical model is built by simplifying the results of field work. In the physical model, double layers of gypsum blocks are put on water flow inclinometer to simulate the condition of flowing upward groundwater in the jointed rock slope. The results of physical model show that the location of opened valve would significantly affect the range of sliding blocks. Besides, the larger angle of tilt test and gap of different gypsum layer would cause lower range of sliding blocks. In the UDEC numerical simulation, numerical model is calibrated by physical model to make sure UDEC can be used on the issue of hydraulic coupling in slope stability. After the calibration is done, full-scale numerical model is built to discuss the influence of different hydraulic aperture of shale and sandstone and block size on slope stability. The results show that the hydraulic aperture of high dip angle joints plays an important role in range of sliding blocks and slope stability.
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Felhős, Dávid [Verfasser]. "Dry sliding and rolling tribotests of carbon black filled EPDM elastomers and their FE simulations / von Dávid Felhös." 2009. http://d-nb.info/992901871/34.
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