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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Blockchain management'

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Published: 3 June 2025
Last updated: 23 June 2025

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1

Santos, João Pedro Nunes dos. "Identity management in healthcare using blockchain technology." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/24008.

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Bitcoin served as the catalyst for creating a solution to secure digital transactions without requiring a trusted third party to be involved. To solve this problem, the mechanisms now associated with a Blockchain were conceptualized and implemented to serve as the backbone for the Bitcoin network. More specifically, it was used as a security tool making Bitcoin a more transparent and reliable form of cash, a digital cryptographic currency. Even tough Bitcoin ended up not fulfilling its intended purpose as a currency, the Blockchain technology has enabled further avenues for innovation and creativity. Blockchain has since been used as the backbone for various cryptocurrencies networks. Some implementations of this technology allow the execution of code, also known as ”smart contracts”. Smart contracts are executed in an autonomous manner, with no human intervention. These can be used to solve a new set of problems due to their transparent behavior, lack of human intervention and distributed nature. Blockchain technology allows the creation of systems that introduce a number of benefits over traditional data handling used in today’s Healthcare Information Systems. Costs and risks associated with these systems can be reduced and information can become transparent and trustworthy to all participants. The Hyperledger Fabric Network with true private transactions and advanced security mechanisms was used to serve as the basis for the system proposed in this dissertation. Moreover, a client application was also created that interacts with smart contracts to manipulate the ledger. The work discussed in this dissertation shows that a Blockchain system based on Hyperledger Fabric is suitable for managing patients identity, in Healthcare. Even tough the feature set of this Blockchain is very focused in privacy and security, some additional measures regarding confidentiality of data had to be implemented. Regardless, a system was built successfully that met the requirements. The implementation of this system would provide transparency, immutability and additional security for patients and medical staff alike; Sumário: Gestão de Identidade nos Serviços de Saúde Utilizando Tecnologia Blockchain A criptomoeda Bitcoin foi essencial para criar uma solução para transacções digitais seguras, sem requerer a participação de um terceiro interveniente fidedigno para ambas as partes. Para resolver este problema, os mecanismos que hoje são associados com a tecnologia Blockchain foram concebidos e implementados para servir como base para a rede da Bitcoin. Mais especificamente, esta foi utilizada como um mecanismo de segurança, de forma a tornar a Bitcoin uma forma de dinheiro mais transparente e estável, uma moeda criptográfica. Mesmo que a Bitcoin não tenha conseguido cumprir o seu propósito original, a tecnologia Blockchain despoletou novas inovações e permitiu maior criatividade. A Blockchain tem sido, desde então, a base tecnológica de várias criptomoedas. Algumas implementações desta tecnologia permitem a execução de código de uma forma autónoma exactamente como foi programado, sem intervenção humana. Habitualmente chamados smart contracts, estes podem ser usados para resolver um novo conjunto de problemas devido ao seu comportamento transparente, ausência de intervenção humana e devido à sua natureza distribuida. A Blockchain é uma tecnologia que permite a criação de sistemas que introduzem um conjunto de beneficios em relação aos sistemas tradicionais de armazenamento de dados utilizados nos serviços de saúde. Custos e riscos associados a estes sistemas podem ser reduzidos e a informação pode ser mais transparente e fidedigna para todos os participantes. A rede Hyperledger Fabric com transacções privadas e mecanismos avançados de segurança foi usada como base para a criação do sistema proposto nesta dissertação. Adicionalmente, uma aplicação foi criada que usa smart contracts para manipular o ledger da Blockchain. O trabalho apresentado nesta dissertação mostra que um sistema baseado em Blockchain, neste caso em Hyperledger Fabric, é adequado a gerir a identidade de utentes, em organizações prestadoras de cuidados de saúde. Apesar das funcionalidades apresentadas por esta plataforma serem focadas em privacidade e segurança, algumas medidas adicionais em torno da confidencialidade dos dados tiveram de ser implementadas. Independentemente disso, o sistema foi construido com sucesso e conseguiu cumprir os requerimentos que foram definidos. A implementação deste sistema em serviços de saúde traria tranparência, imutabilidade e segurança adicional para utentes e profissionais de saúde.
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Rinaldi, James. "PEER TO PEER DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT USING BLOCKCHAIN." Scholarly Commons, 2018. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3136.

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Content distribution networks deliver content like videos, apps, and music to users through servers deployed in multiple datacenters to increase availability and delivery speed of content. The motivation of this work is to create a content distribution network that maintains a consumer’s rights and access to works they have purchased indefinitely. If a user purchases content from a traditional content distribution network, they lose access to the content when the service is no longer available. The system uses a peer to peer network for content distribution along with a blockchain for digital rights management. This combination may give users indefinite access to purchased works. The system benefits content rights owners because they can sell their content in a lower cost manner by distributing costs among the community of peers.
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Kazimi, Basit. "Tillämpning av blockchain inom food supply chain management." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för informationssystem och –teknologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-37211.

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Background: As a result of food supply chain management, we have access to fresh food from all around the world. But there are some encounters that food supply chain has to deal with. The E. coli outbreak in the US is an illustrative of a widespread problem faced by the food supply chain.   Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine how blockchain technology can be used in food supply chain management and see what the interest of the customer looks like.   Method: The methodology of the research to examine how blockchain can be used in food supply chain management was through literature study, and questionnaire to get a better grasp of the customers interest.   Result: By using blockchain technology in food supply chain management it improves the information flow, while becoming more transparent between the actors. Blockchain technology improves the security of FSCM and traceability of a product. You can automatize several processes of FSCM by using smart contracts and sensors. From the survey it was a found that there is an interest in the customers side and about two-thirds of the customer might pay extra if the products use blockchain technology.   Conclusion: Blockchain’s features makes it ideal to be integrated in the food supply chain management, as it makes it harder to counterfeit the products, and it improves the trust between the actors by ensuring transparency of the information flow. But on the other hand, blockchain is not suitable for everyone, as it’s a complicated system and it can result in high switching cost when changing systems.<br>Bakgrund: Med hjälp av food supply chain management så har man nästan alltid tillgång till färsk mat från hela världen. Men det finns några utmaningar som man behöver hantera. E. coli utbrottet i USA illustrerar ett problem som food supply chain management står inför. Eftersom det var många aktörer som var inblandad i kedjan så tog det FDA nästan två månader att hitta källan.   Syfte: Syftet med denna studien är att undersöka vilka förändringar man kan uppnå inom food supply chain management med hjälp av blockchain, samt se hur intressen ser ut hos kunden.   Metod: Metoden som användes för att få överblick om vad blockchain teknologin kan uppnå i food supply chain management var allmän litteraturstudie, och enkätundersökningen för att få en förståelse över kundernas intresse.   Resultat: Med hjälp av blockchains teknologi så blir informationsflödet mer transparent och att man lagrar data i ett decentraliserat nätverk. Blockchain förbättrar säkerhet- och spårbarheten. Med smart kontrakt och sensorer så kan man automatisera flera processer. Från enkätundersökningen så kom fram till att det finns ett intresse hos kunden och ungefär två tredjedelar skulle kunna tänka sig att betala extra om produkterna använder sig utav blockchains teknologin.     Slutsats: Blockchains egenskaper gör det ideal för att behandla livsmedelskedjan eftersom det blir svårare att förfalska produkterna, och att man skapar bättre förtroende mellan aktörerna genom att säkerställa transparensinformationsflöde. Men däremot så passar inte blockchain till alla, då det är ett komplicerat system och att det kan tillkomma höga omställningskostnader när man ska byta system.
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4

Della, Valle Fabio. "Blockchain technology: driving innovation in the supply chain." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672999.

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This thesis presents a study of blockchain impacts for supply chain (SC) application. By conducting explorative research, the thesis presents a grounded theory analysis based on eighteen interviews with international experts from different fields such as academics, business and institutional representatives. The study is divided into four phases: the first phase begins with the analysis and identification of the type of innovation for blockchain in SC; the second phase analyzes the effective combination between blockchain technologies and SC management processes; the third phase introduces the major influences affecting SC operations for a blockchain transition in SC; and the fourth one presents a use case. The research results show that blockchain for SC presents all features to be a sustaining innovation rather than disruptive. However, results confirmed that SCs appear to be one of the most prominent fields of application for blockchain, and a blockchain-based SC fits in supplier relationship management processes and financial business units. Lastly, to mitigate risks, the analysis also identified elements that may support digital transition procedures in SCs. The thesis concludes by merging all results found and provides suggestions for future research perspectives.<br>Aquesta tesi presenta un estudi de l’impacte de blockchain en las eva aplicació a les cadenes de subministrament (supply-chain o SC). Mitjançant la realització d’una recerca exploratòria la tesi presenta una anàlisi fonamentada en divuit entrevistes amb experts internacionals de diferents camps, com ara representants acadèmics, empresarials i institucionals. La recerca es divideix en quatre fases: la primera fase comença amb l’anàlisi i la identificació del tipus d’innovació per a la blockchain a SC; la segona fase analitza la combinació efectiva entre les tecnologies de blockchain i els processos de gestió de SC; la tercera fase introdueix les principals influències que afecten les operacions de SC per a una transició blockchain a SC; i el quart presenta un cas d'ús concret. Els resultats de la investigació mostren que blockchain per a SC presenta totes les característiques d’una innovació evolutiva més que disruptiva. No obstant això, els resultats van confirmar que les SC són un dels camps d’aplicació amb més projecció per a blockchain i que una SC basada en blockchain s’adapta millor als processos de gestió de relacions amb proveïdors i a les unitats de negoci financeres. Finalment, per mitigar els riscos, l’anàlisi també va identificar elements que poden donar suport als procediments de transició digital en les SC. La tesi conclou presentant els resultats trobats i proporciona suggeriments per a futures perspectives de recerca.
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Agarwal, Shweta S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Blockchain technology in supply chain and logistics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118559.

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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2018.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 92-99).<br>Blockchain technology is a peer-to-peer infrastructure based on distributed databases and smart contracts as the business logic. The distributed ledger technology eliminates the need for intermediaries disrupting the ownership model. It can have a tremendous impact on cross-organizational process automation when combined with other innovative technologies such as machine learning and additive manufacturing. Over the past few years as the blockchain technology concept has increasingly attracted many industries. The logistics and supply chain management industry have also realized its potential applications in enabling transparency, efficient information sharing, and food safety. Several companies have identified possible use cases that could benefit from blockchain over existing IT solutions. Thesis report provides an overview of current state of blockchain adoption, its technology architecture, review of how blockchain technology and smart contract works, and the benefits and challenges involved. Further, provided a deep dive into the problem of food safety, and the food supply chain and logistics ecosystem drivers. Highlighted, the current use cases of blockchain technology in supply chain and logistics along with critical success factors that companies consider essential for blockchain technology adoption. In the interviews conducted, digital innovators and senior executives are fairly positive about the blockchain technology and its benefits. However, factors such as under-developed ecosystem, lack of governance model and regulatory uncertainty impact its adoption. The proposed framework consists of a hybrid architecture of private and public blockchains, enabling immutable record sharing and monitoring while maintaining selective data privacy.<br>by Shweta Agarwal.<br>S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Hirbli, Toufic. "Palm oil traceability : blockchain meets supply chain." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/117800.

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Thesis: M. Eng. in Supply Chain Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Supply Chain Management Program, 2018.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged student-submitted from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 36-38).<br>There is a current lack of visibility in the transfer of goods from farmers to oil mills, to manufacturers, to retail outlets and finally to the consumer in the palm oil industry. While leading brands have pledged to commit to a 100% sustainable certification, only 19% of global palm oil production is certified as sustainable. Emerging technologies, such as blockchain, a distributed ledger, can transform supply chain traceability as we know it and bring more transparency through the value chain, creating value to stakeholders. From a process perspective, the proposed solution leverages the mass balance, and book and claim traceability models that RSPO has defined. From a technology perspective, the proposed solution leverages blockchain, geospatial imagery classification, and IoT technologies to keep track of the flow of physical goods and sustainable palm oil certificates. From a people perspective, the proposed solution includes a set of incentive models that could be utilized in easing change management efforts.<br>by Toufic Hirbli.<br>M. Eng. in Supply Chain Management
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Sharmin, Sadia. "Music Copyright Management on Blockchain : Is it legally viable?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-353704.

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The thesis begins by describing the current problems in the fragmented world of music copyrights indicating musicians are not being paid accurately due to lack of transparency in the calculation of royalties and this lead to legal battle. Later we investigate how blockchain technology can alleviate much of the difficulties associated with this complexity. We further explore the legislative and institutional support for the technology necessary for a successful implementation, in form of legislations and governmental projects. We find out that numerous authorities have started voting favourable legislations and recognizing the technology as a valid public ledger. Eventually, we confirm our findings by analysing existing laws.
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Flores, Luis, Yoseline Sanchez, Edgar Ramos, Fernando Sotelo, and Nabeel Hamoud. "Blockchain in Agribusiness Supply Chain Management: A Traceability Perspective." Springer, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656091.

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El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.<br>The demand for agricultural products for export is increasing every year. Thus, there is a need for a traceable and more communicative agricultural supply chain among its stakeholders. In addition, the increase in controls, verifications and communications in each SC agent makes agility and chain difficult, generating distrust among those involved. To overcome this issue, we consider Blockchain. Blockchain is a disruptive technology to decentralize data with this state-of-the-art technology, we develop a model that solves the traceability problem of the agricultural product. The model also improves transparency and security within the SC, increasing trust between the suppliers, collaborators and consumers.
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Soto, Villacampa José Antonio. "Towards a blockchain-based private road traffic management implementation." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-74287.

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Sachan, Karan. "Aadhaar & Blockchain : opportunities and challenges for India." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118523.

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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2018.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 63-66).<br>In India, the inability to prove one's identity is one of the biggest barriers that prevents the poor from accessing benefits and subsidies. India is a country with 1.3 billion residents in over 640,000 villages. The Indian government spends $50 billion on direct subsidies (food coupons for rice, cooking gas, etc.) every year. Both public and private agencies in India require proof of identity before providing services or benefits to those living in India. Until the introduction of the Aadhaar program, there was no verifiable identity number program that both residents and agencies could use. As a result, every time Indian residents tried to receive benefits, they had to undergo an arduous personal identification process. What made it even more difficult was that the various service providers had different document and information requirements. This made it especially hard for India's poor residents, who often lacked documentation and found it difficult to access services. The Unique Identification (Aadhaar) project was created in order to provide every resident of India with a unique identification number that can be used to access a variety of services and benefits. The project enables residents in India to receive food coupons, receive cooking gas deliveries, open checking accounts, apply for loans, insurance, pensions, property deeds, etc. In addition, the program makes it possible for the Indian government to make sure that welfare benefits go directly to the right person. Aadhaar is a centralized approach to provide identification and benefits to the citizens of India. It is plagued with some problems typical to a centralized system such as central authority, data privacy etc. In this thesis, we explore the Blockchain technology to improvise Aadhaar, a centralized paradigm to a de-centralized one. I have explored the ways in which the current welfare services could be evolved on the re-imagined Aadhaar system with Blockchain..<br>by Karan Sachan.<br>S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Morselli, Enrico. "Radix DLT: un'alternativa scalabile alle Blockchain." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.

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La tecnologia Blockchain, introdotta inizialmente come registro distribuito per le transazioni della moneta digitale Bitcoin nel 2008, ha suscitato grande interesse nel corso degli ultimi anni. In poco tempo si è capito come tale tecnologia potesse essere applicata ai campi più disparati, e non soltanto alle monete elettroniche. Fra le tante applicazioni che si prospettano per le blockchain vi sono, ad esempio, il settore energetico, il sistema sanitario, e la tracciabilità delle catene di fornitura di beni, servizi o prodotti alimentari. Il futuro insomma, sembra orientato verso un'adozione delle blockchian su scala globale. Tuttavia, è necessario risolvere una serie di problematiche affinchè ciò possa avvenire. Il difetto forse più importante da questo punto di vista, è che la tecnologia blockchain, per come è stata progettata, non è scalabile. Non sarebbe pertanto capace di supportare un volume di transazioni pari o superiore a quello di circuiti di pagamento globali come Visa o MasterCard (si pensi ad esempio che Visa ha circa 736 milioni di utenti attivi, contro i circa 5,8 milioni di Bitcoin). Mentre vengono studiate possibili soluzioni per aggirare il problema nelle blockchain esistenti, sono nate piattaforme alternative alle blockchain che promettono una maggiore scalabilità, nonchè facilità nel costruire applicazioni basate su esse. E' il caso di Radix DLT. In questa tesi ho deciso di concentrarmi su Radix DLT e di realizzare una piccola applicazione per provare con mano gli strumenti di sviluppo a disposizione.
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Lamarque, Mélodie. "The blockchain revolution : new opportunities in equity markets." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104522.

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Thesis: S.M. in Management Studies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2016.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 82-88).<br>The technological revolution of digital and online computing combined with the information revolution paved the way for the emergence of innovations to reshape existing industries and the way we think about traditional services. Even one of the most traditional industries, the financial sector, is being actively disrupted through fintech and the sharing economy. Innovations such as mobile banking, peer-to-peer lending or crowdfunding are challenging existing models and practices. This paper aims to show that blockchain technology has the potential to transform equity markets by offering valuable opportunities to create new products to overcome existing inefficiencies and frictions. The blockchain was first introduced as the technology behind the bitcoin cryptocurrency, and is a trustless, decentralized and secure ledger. It provides an unprecedented way to monitor and execute transactions with no need for intermediaries, and to keep a tamper-proof record of these transactions. This breakthrough technology has gradually gained traction and is now being explored far beyond the scope of bitcoin projects. Even traditional big players in the financial industry are looking for ways to benefit from the blockchain: Nasdaq launched Nasdaq Linq, a blockchain-based equity platform for private companies, and 42 international banks came together to join the R3 consortium to explore blockchain's opportunities.<br>by Mélodie Lamarque.<br>S.M. in Management Studies
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Dragoş, Alin S. "Impact of Blockchain technology on US financial inclusion." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111462.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2017.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 58-59).<br>This paper describes how blockchain technology alters the dynamic within financial services and focuses on the impact on US financial inclusion. First, I provide an overview of the financial services industry and the issues associated with financial inclusion. Second, I provide a framework for reviewing blockchains. Lastly, I take an in-depth look at the economics of offering checking accounts, and identify approaches for how blockchains will redefine the value chain in financial services. Blockchain technology brings new avenues for companies within the payments value chain to work more closely together to reduce costs for all parties involved. Banks are leading the way in exploring how blockchains will make them more efficient. By partnering with merchants, banks stand to make the most out of the lower costs to network securely promised by blockchains. In this process, banks set themselves up to offer no-fee checking accounts to all consumers, without taking a loss on each account, as they do today. Banks' ability to profitably offer no-fee checking to unbanked and underbanked customers is the key to increasing financial inclusion in the US, and ultimately across the globe.<br>by Alin S. Dragos.<br>S.M.
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Aikio, S. (Samuli). "Blockchain technologies and trust formation in trade finance." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2018. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201806062475.

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This thesis focuses on distributed ledger technologies, commonly known as blockchain technologies. In this study, blockchain technology is seen as an innovation that will change how trade finance industry will function in the future. In general, trade finance industry is based on risk mitigation, and this thesis studies how the implementation of a trust-free blockchain technology will affect how this industry operates. The study aims at understanding the effect of blockchain technology being implemented into the trade finance industry. In general, blockchain technology affects both, trade finance operations and how trust formation between the trade partners. This study combines model of diffusion innovation by Rogers (2003) and trust categorization of Jøsang et al. (2005). These models formulate the theoretical framework for the research. The nature of this study is qualitative research, which utilizes abductive reasoning, and has both theoretical and empirical part. Theoretical part consists of three chapters, focusing on the basics of blockchain technology, trade finance industry and the concept of trust. Empirical part is based on documentary data and semi-structured interviews of blockchain and trade finance professionals. Results show that trade finance, which is based on risk mitigation of international trade is slowly progressive, manually handled and paper-based process which has not been able to grasp the potential of automation advances made in other financial sectors. Trust between trading partners has previously been based on context-dependent trust, but the there is a shift towards more context-independent trust that is based on algorithms and ratings. Blockchain technology is based on immutable ledger technology and thus possesses the capability to change how trade finance functions.
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Martins, Daniel Filipe Catita. "Utilization of blockchain in the application of master data management." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22724.

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Mestrado em Engenharia de Computadores e Telemática<br>As the name implies, Master Data Management (MDM) manages Master Data: the set of core information needed and shared in the systems of an enterprise. Depending on the scope of the organization, master data could be data about clients if all the systems consider client information critical for their operations and decision making. A fundamental concept of MDM is the Golden Record, an entry with the best and more valuable information about an entity, formed through the application of rules and methods on the data that exists scattered over the systems. It is the single version of the truth. Master Data Management solutions are dependent of a centralized data hub that holds the most valuable information. The solution proposed disrupts the list of o ers, combining the Master Data Management concept with the Blockchain technology, resulting in an MDM solution with a distributed data hub that is truly decentralized. A Blockchain consists on a chain of blocks that requires computational work to attach new blocks to the end of the chain, and where blocks cannot be changed without redoing the computational e ort for all the following blocks, resulting on a trusted environment. Participants of the Blockchain network hold a full copy of the Blockchain, making it a distributed network of information. Its security protocols and requirements eliminate the need for an intermediary between transactions and make Blockchain ideal to save things of value. The solution involves Ethereum: a Blockchain platform where transactions have programmable functionality, known as Smart Contracts, pieces of code containing a set of data and executable functions that are available through the public address. As all the data inserted through the programmed Smart Contracts goes through the same speci c cleansing, matching and merging rules, all the network participants will be in possession of the same Golden Records, resulting in a single view of entity. To facilitate the utilization of the solution, a wrapper and user interface were developed, granting that the user does not need to interact directly with the Blockchain.<br>Como o nome indica, Master Data Management (MDM) gere dados mestre: o conjunto de informação nuclear necessária e partilhada pelos sistemas de uma empresa. Dependendo do âmbito da organização, dados mestre podem ser dados de clientes, caso todos os sistemas considerem a informação dos clientes critica para a suas operações e decisões. Um conceito fundamental de MDM e o Golden Record, um registo com a melhor e mais valiosa informação sobre uma determinada entidade, formada através da aplicação de regras e métodos nos dados existentes que estão espalhados pelos vários sistemas. E a versão única da verdade. As soluções de Master Data Management existentes são dependentes de um local centralizado onde fica guardada a informação mais valiosa. A solução proposta é distributiva para a lista de ofertas, combinando o conceito de Master Data Management com a tecnologia Blockchain, resultando numa solução MDM distribuída e descentralizada. A Blockchain consiste numa cadeia de blocos que requerem esforço computacional para que se adicionem novos blocos ao m da cadeia e onde os blocos não podem ser alterados sem repetir o esforço computacional para todos os blocos seguintes, o que resulta num ambiente conclave. Os participantes de uma rede Blockchain possuem uma copia total da Blockchain, tornando-a assim uma rede distribuída de informador. Os protocolos e requisitos de segurança eliminam a necessidade de existência de um intermediário entre as os participantes de uma transacção e tornam a Blockchain ideal para guardar objectos de valor. A soluçao envolve Ethereum: uma plataforma Blockchain onde as transaçoes tem funcionalidade programável, conhecida como Smart Contracts, pedaços de código que contêm um conjunto de dados e funções executáveis que estão disponíveis a partir de um endereço publico. Como todos os dados inseridos a partir de um Smart Contract est~ao sujeitos as mesmas regras especificas de standardizaçao, correspondência e fusão, todos os participantes da rede vão possuir os mesmos Golden Records, resultando na visão unica de entidade. Para facilitar a utilização da soluçao, foram desenvolvidos um wrapper e uma interface de utilizador, para permitir que o utilizador não necessite de interagir directamente com a Blockchain.
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De, Rossi Edoardo <1994&gt. "Blockchain Technology: uno strumento a supporto del Supply Chain Management." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/19002.

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Il presente elaborato mira a fare chiarezza e illustrare la tecnologia Blokchain e le reali forme di applicazione di questa innovazione nel campo manageriale, evidenziando la stretta connessione tra innovazione tecnologica e innovazione strategica manageriale. Il primo capitolo è dedicato alla descrizione del fenomeno della Blockchain e alla definizione di tutte le sue determinanti in modo tale da fornire un quadro completo e il più dettagliato possibile, che permetta di capire in modo più agevole il funzionamento e le applicazioni che verranno presentate nei capitoli successivi. Proseguendo con l’analisi si andranno ad illustrare i vari ambiti applicativi, dai più noti come le cripto valute a quelli nei diversi settori economici e industriali ancora poco conosciuti ma in rapida ascesa, per poi arrivare al tema centrale cioè lo sviluppo Blockchain nei modelli di business con particolare attenzione al Supply Chain Management. Nell’ultimo capitolo quindi, dopo aver descritto in modo dettagliato il funzionamento delle catene di fornitura moderne, verranno presentate le modalità attraverso cui la Blockchain può dialogare con i sistemi gestionali e con i processi tipici del Supply Chain Management mettendo in luce per ogni fase l’effetto in termini di benefici e criticità che derivano dall’inserimento di tale innovazione. A sostegno della tesi verranno portati esempi reali di applicazioni i questa tecnologia sia nel secondo capitolo che nell’ultimo.
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Pedullà, Giuseppe. "La blockchain tra anonimato e fama." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/14816/.

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Questa tesi si propone l'obiettivo di introdurre i concetti di sicurezza informatica e di alcune delle sue applicazioni. Nella fattispecie il concetto di anonimato in rete e di crittografia. Viene inoltre portato un esempio concreto: la blockchain. Questo argomento viene trattato sia nel campo della sicurezza sia nelle altre sue funzioni.
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18

Lee, Jae Hyung S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Systematic approach to analyzing security and vulnerabilities of blockchain systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121793.

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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2019<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Page 150 blank.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 119-149).<br>Recent hacks into blockchain systems and heists from such systems have raised serious questions about whether this new technology can be secured from ongoing, evolving cyberattacks. While the technology is known to provide an environment that is fundamentally safer than other existing centralized systems offer, security professionals warn that the current blockchain ecosystem is still immature, harboring many known as well as unknown defects [1]. This thesis draws upon a number of research studies and various other inquiries into blockchain systems security. In addition, this paper gathers and summarizes information regarding 78 recent blockchain cyberattacks and heists, analyzing and categorizing them as to their cause: platform breach, dApps exploit, access point attack, or endpoint hacking. Two of these attacks (the Ethereum blockchain system and the Bitfinex cryptocurrency exchange) are analyzed in detail using Causal Analysis using System Theory (CAST) method. A novel top-down security assessment method inspired by System Theoretic Process Analysis for Security (STPA-Sec) is used to evaluate a sample blockchain system, such as might be proposed for voting. An analysis of possible vulnerabilities is conducted, and suggestions for remediation and protection.<br>by Jae Hyung Lee.<br>S.M. in Engineering and Management<br>S.M.inEngineeringandManagement Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program
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19

Badr, Bellaj. "Securing P2P resource sharing via blockchain and GNN-based trust." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAS005.

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L'émergence de la technologie blockchain et des cryptomonnaies a ouvert la possibilité de créer de nouveaux modèles de gestion, de partage et de monétisation de ressources en pair-à-pair (P2P). Étant donné que ces modèles P2P sont sans confiance (trustless), des mécanismes de confiance et de réputation fiables et efficaces sont nécessaires pour minimiser le risque d'accès ou d'interaction avec des pairs malveillants. Plusieurs systèmes de gestion de confiance basés sur la réputation (RTMS) ont été proposés pour garantir la confiance dans les réseaux P2P, aider à choisir des ressources fiables et empêcher les comportements malveillants des pairs. Ces RTMS établissent la confiance en s'appuyant sur des réputations basées sur la communauté. Ils aident les pairs à évaluer la fiabilité des autres et à évaluer la qualité de service (QoS) en fonction de leur réputation et de leurs expériences passées mutuelles. Dans ces schémas, un réseau de confiance en surcouche pair-à-pair est établi.Cette thèse présente BTrust, un nouveau système de gestion de confiance décentralisé et modulaire pour les réseaux P2P à grande échelle, exploitant la technologie blockchain et les GNN (Graph Neural Network) pour l'évaluation de la confiance. BTrust introduit un modèle de confiance et de réputation multidimensionnel pour évaluer la fiabilité des pairs, dérivant dynamiquement une valeur unique à partir de plusieurs paramètres. La blockchain garantit un calcul, une diffusion et un stockage fiables de la confiance sans gestionnaire de confiance centralisé, tandis que les GNN capturent efficacement les relations complexes entre les pairs, conduisant à des évaluations de confiance précises et robustes.Une avancée importante dans notre protocole est la résolution du "problème de démarrage à froid" ou du "problème du score de confiance initial". Pour y parvenir, le pair d'amorçage adopte des marches aléatoires pour sélectionner des pairs fiables parmi ses voisins, garantissant une approche décentralisée sans dépendre d'une entité centralisée ou de pairs prédéfinis. Contrairement aux solutions existantes, cette méthode évite de submerger les pairs les plus dignes de confiance du réseau.Un autre défi abordé dans les systèmes de réputation est la réticence des pairs à fournir des rétroactions négatives, souvent par peur de représailles ou simplement en ne fournissant pas de rétroaction du tout. Pour résoudre ces problèmes, nous introduisons un mécanisme d'incitation qui encourage les rétroactions sincères et nous mettons en œuvre des mécanismes spécialisés pour sanctionner les comportements mauvais ou paresseux. Ces innovations favorisent un processus d'évaluation de confiance plus fiable et équilibré au sein du système.De plus, nous proposons une variante de BTrust appelée GBTrust, qui améliore le protocole original en incorporant des Graph Neural Networks (GNN) et un nouveau mécanisme basé sur l'attention spécifiquement conçu pour la gestion de la confiance. Cette variante permet d'améliorer la détection des pairs malveillants dynamiques et renforce la robustesse et la précision globale de l'évaluation de la confiance. En utilisant les GNN, GBTrust capture efficacement les relations complexes et les comportements dynamiques des pairs dans le réseau, permettant ainsi une identification plus précise des activités malveillantes et une meilleure adaptabilité aux dynamiques de confiance changeantes. Le mécanisme basé sur l'attention renforce également la capacité du modèle à prioriser et à pondérer différents facteurs de confiance, conduisant à des évaluations de confiance plus fiables et précises.Nous démontrons l'efficacité du système GBTrust proposé dans des réseaux P2P à grande échelle en utilisant des simulations d'un réseau P2P, et nous montrons que BTrust est hautement résilient aux pannes et robuste contre les nœuds malveillants<br>The emergence of blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies has enabled the development of innovative peer-to-peer (P2P) models for resource allocation, sharing, and monetization. As these P2P models operate without inherent trust, the need for reliable trust and reputation mechanisms becomes crucial to minimize potential risks associated with engaging with malicious peers. Several trust management systems (TMS) have been proposed to establish trust in traditional P2P networks, aiming to facilitate the selection of dependable resources and deter peer misbehavior, with a significant focus on utilizing reputation as a guiding factor.Reputation-based trust systems (RTMS) play a fundamental role by leveraging community-based reputations to establish trust. They enable peers to assess the trustworthiness of others and evaluate the Quality of Service (QoS) based on shared reputations and past interactions. While these systems establish a peer-to-peer overlay trust network, the majority of these protocols are not tailored to suit Blockchain-based networks, resulting in various shortcomings due to their outdated design.This thesis presents our protocol BTrust, a novel decentralized and modular trust management system for large-scale P2P networks, leveraging blockchain technology and (Graph Neural Network) GNN for trust evaluation. BTrust introduces a multi-dimensional trust and reputation model to assess peer trustworthiness, dynamically deriving a single value from multiple parameters. The blockchain ensures reliable trust computation, dissemination, and storage without a central trust manager.An important breakthrough in our protocol is the resolution of the "cold start" or "initial trust score problem". To achieve this, the bootstrapping peer adopts random walks to select trustworthy peers among its neighbors, ensuring a decentralized approach without relying on any centralized entity or predefined peers. Unlike existing solutions, this method prevents overwhelming the most trusted peers in the network.Another challenge addressed in reputation systems is the reluctance of peers to provide negative feedback, often due to fear of retaliation or simply not providing feedback at all. To tackle these issues, we introduce an incentive mechanism that encourages truthful feedback and implement specialized mechanisms to penalize bad or lazy behavior. These innovations promote a more reliable and balanced trust evaluation process within the system.Furthermore, we propose a variant of BTrust called GBTrust, which improves upon the original protocol by incorporating Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and a novel attention-based mechanism specifically designed for trust management. This variant enhances the detection of dynamic malicious peers and strengthens the overall robustness and accuracy of trust evaluation. By leveraging GNNs, GBTrust effectively captures the complex relationships and dynamic behavior of peers in the network, enabling more accurate identification of malicious activities and better adaptability to changing trust dynamics. The attention-based mechanism further enhances the model's ability to prioritize and weigh different trust factors, leading to more reliable and precise trust assessments.We demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed protocol in large-scale P2P networks using simulations of a P2P network and show that BTrust and its variant (GBTrust) are highly resilient to failures and robust against malicious nodes
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Kovář, Adam. "Bezpečná implementace technologie blockchain." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413104.

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This thesis describes basis of blockchain technology implementation for SAP Cloud platform with emphasis to security and safety of critical data which are stored in blockchain. This diploma thesis implements letter of credit to see and control business process administration. It also compares all the possible technology modification. Thesis describes all elementary parts of software which are necessary to implement while storing data and secure integrity. This thesis also leverages ideal configuration of each programable block in implementation. Alternative configurations of possible solutions are described with pros and cons as well. Another part of diploma thesis is actual working implementation as a proof of concept to cover letter of credit. All parts of code are design to be stand alone to provide working concept for possible implementation and can source as a help to write productive code. User using this concept will be able to see whole process and create new statutes for whole letter of credit business process.
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21

Ekblaw, Ariel C. (Ariel Caitlyn). "MedRec : blockchain for medical data access, permission management and trend analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/109658.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2017.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 93-97).<br>Years of heavy regulation and a long-standing focus on compliance have co-opted the ability of the healthcare industry to implement novel data sharing approaches. We now face a critical need for such innovation, as personalization and data science prompt patients to engage in the details of their healthcare and restore agency over their medical data. This thesis proposes MedRec: a novel, decentralized record management system to handle EHRs (Electronic Health Records), using blockchain technology. The system design gives patients a comprehensive, immutable log and access to their medical information across providers and treatment sites. Leveraging unique blockchain properties, MedRec manages authentication, data retrieval, update tracking for existing records, data entry (both for patients and providers) and data sharing. MedRec accomplishes record management without creating any centralized data repositories; a modular system design integrates with providers' existing, local data storage solutions, facilitating interoperable data exchange between data sources and the patients. We incentivize healthcare industry stakeholders (government-funded researchers, public health authorities, etc.) to participate in the network as blockchain "miners". This provides them with access to aggregate, anonymized data as mining rewards, in return for sustaining and securing the MedRec network via Proof of Work. We emphasize the flexibility and extensibility of our system components to other dimensions of the healthcare industry and to applications beyond healthcare as well. This thesis describes the MedRec technical design and early-stage prototype, our pilot with Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), and an analysis of MedRec's contribution in the context of national healthcare priorities. This work is supported by the MIT Media Lab Consortium.<br>by Ariel C. Ekblaw.<br>S.M.
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22

Zhao, Tianyu. "A Lightweight Blockchain-based Trust Management Framework for Access Control in IoT." Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/420212.

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Blockchain technology has provided lots of significant benefits in terms of security, auditability, immutability and anonymity. Following on from these remarkable features, the blockchain technology has been incorporated with lots of non-monetary applications including the Internet of Things (IoT). On the other hand, it requires effective trust management to incorporate blockchain technology to ensure accountability in an IoT environment. However, a major challenge is to find an appropriate consensus protocol that can be implemented for IoT devices, which have suffered limited computational resources. Building upon the idea of using blockchain as the basic framework, this paper proposes a lightweight blockchain-based trust management framework that is suitable for IoT devices. Our framework is built upon high-resource devices to form the underlying P2P network. In addition, we use a smart contract mechanism to generate a trustworthy environment for IoT devices. With the trust evaluation approach, we propose a reputation-based consensus algorithm which can significantly decrease the mining time. Moreover, the verification mechanism can incorporate into the reputation approach to reduce the processing time for verifying a new block. We explore our framework in a smart home as a case study in IoT applications. Simulations have demonstrated that our framework achieves low delay time, high TPS and less processing time compared with relevant baselines. More importantly, our framework shows that it is resilient to several security attacks in blockchain systems.<br>Thesis (Masters)<br>Master of Philosophy (MPhil)<br>School of Info & Comm Tech<br>Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology<br>Full Text
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23

SCIUME', Giuseppe. "Distributed Demand-Response Certification using Blockchain Technology." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10447/562864.

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24

Lahbib, Asma. "Distributed management framework based on the blockchain technology for industry 4.0 environments." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAS017.

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En raison de l'avancement technologique dans les domaines des communications sans fil ainsi que ceux de l’informatique mobile et embarquée, les frontières entre les mondes physique et digital se rétrécissent pour introduire une nouvelle technologie également appelée l’internet des objets. Cette technologie est en train de devenir une partie intégrante de nos vies. Allant des capteurs de puissance et capabilités réduites, aux Appareils électroménagers intelligents et objets de télé santé jusqu’aux usines interconnectées et intelligentes dans lesquelles les employés, les machines, les processus, les services et même les produits interagissent de manière à fournir une meilleure adaptabilité dans la production ainsi qu’une allocation plus efficace des ressources, et ce, pour répondre plus rapidement au marché, d’une façon plus personnalisée et à moindre coût. L'intégration de ces technologies dans l'environnement et les processus de fabrication en combinaison avec d'autres technologies telles que le cloud computing, les systèmes physiques cybernétiques, les technologies de l'information et de la communication ainsi que l’analyse des données et l’intelligence artificielle a introduit la quatrième révolution industrielle appelée également Industrie 4.0. Dans ce futur monde, les machines parleront aux machines (M2M) pour organiser la production et coordonner leurs actions en fonction des informations collectées et échangées entre les différents capteurs et entités. Cependant, l'ouverture de la connectivité au monde externe soulève plusieurs questions sur la sécurité des données qui n'étaient pas un problème lorsque les appareils étaient contrôlés localement et que seuls quelques-uns d'entre eux étaient connectés à d'autres systèmes distants. Les risques de sécurité de tels objets représentent des ressources potentielles pour des acteurs malveillants. Une fois compromises, ces ressources peuvent être utilisées dans des attaques à large échelle contre d’autres systèmes. C’est pourquoi il est essentiel d’assurer une communication sécurisée entre les différents appareils hétérogènes déployés dans des environnements dynamiques et décentralisés pour protéger les informations échangées contre le vol ou la falsification par des cyber attaquants malveillants et par conséquent obtenir l'acceptation des utilisateurs de telles solutions. Dans cette direction, cette thèse est concentrée sur quatre questions complémentaires, principalement (1) la Gestion dynamique, basée sur la confiance de l'accès aux ressources partagées au sein d'un système distribué et collaboratif de l’industrie 4.0, (2) le protection des données personnelles et sensibles des utilisateurs tout au long des procédures de gestion d’accès et tout en éliminant le besoin de s'appuyer sur des tiers supplémentaires, (3) la vérification de la sécurité ainsi que l'exactitude fonctionnelle du cadre conçu et enfin (4) l'évaluation de degré de confiance fiabilité des parties en interaction en plus du stockage sécurisé des informations relatives afin de garantir leur confidentialité, intégrité et traçabilité. En se concentrant sur ces questions et en tenant compte des caractéristiques conventionnelles des environnements IoT et IIoT, nous avons proposé dans cette thèse un environnement générique sécurisé et décentralisé de gestion des ressources dans les environnements Industrie 4.0. Le cadre spécifié basé sur la technologie blockchain et piloté par un réseau peer to peer permet non seulement la gestion dynamique d’accès aux ressources partagées mais aussi la gouvernance distribuée du système, la protection de vie privée, la gestion de confiance et la vérification formelle des spécifications établies afin de valider leur respect des spécifications établies. Enfin, une conception et mise en œuvre de la plateforme est assurée afin de prouver sa faisabilité et d'analyser ses performances<br>The evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT) started decades ago as part of the first face of the digital transformation, its vision has further evolved due to a convergence of multiple technologies, ranging from wireless communication to the Internet and from embedded systems to micro-electromechanical systems. As a consequence thereof, IoT platforms are being heavily developed, smart factories are being planned to revolutionize the industry organization and both security and trust requirements are becoming more and more critical. The integration of such technologies within the manufacturing environment and processes in combination with other technologies has introduced the fourth industrial revolution referred to also as Industry 4.0. In this future world machines will talk to machines (M2M) to organize the production and coordinate their actions. However opening connectivity to the external world raises several questions about data and IT infrastructure security that were not an issue when devices and machines were controlled locally and just few of them were connected to some other remote systems. That’s why ensuring a secure communication between heterogeneous and reliable devices is essential to protect exchanged information from being stolen or tampered by malicious cyber attackers that may harm the production processes and put the different devices out of order. Without appropriate security solutions, these systems will never be deployed globally due to all kinds of security concerns. That’s why ensuring a secure and trusted communication between heterogeneous devices and within dynamic and decentralized environments is essential to achieve users acceptance and to protect exchanged information from being stolen or tampered by malicious cyber attackers that may harm the production processes and put the different devices out of order. However, building a secure system does not only mean protecting the data exchange but it requires also building a system where the source of data and the data itself is being trusted by all participating devices and stakeholders. In this thesis our research focused on four complementary issues, mainly (I) the dynamic and trust based management of access over shared resources within an Industry 4.0 based distributed and collaborative system, (ii) the establishment of a privacy preserving solution for related data in a decentralized architecture while eliminating the need to rely on additional third parties, (iii) the verification of the safety, the correctness and the functional accuracy of the designed framework and (iv) the evaluation of the trustworthiness degree of interacting parties in addition to the secure storage and sharing of computed trust scores among them in order to guarantee their confidentiality, integrity and privacy. By focusing on such issues and taking into account the conventional characteristics of both IoT and IoT enabled industries environments, we proposed in this thesis a secure and distributed framework for resource management in Industry 4.0 environments. The proposed framework, enabled by the blockchain technology and driven by peer to peer networks, allows not only the dynamic access management over shared resources but also the distribute governance of the system without the need for third parties that could be their-selves vulnerable to attacks. Besides and in order to ensure strong privacy guarantees over the access control related procedures, a privacy preserving scheme is proposed and integrated within the distributed management framework. Furthermore and in order to guarantee the safety and the functional accuracy of our framework software components, we focused on their formal modeling in order to validate their safety and compliance with their specification. Finally, we designed and implemented the proposal in order to prove its feasibility and analyze its performances
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25

Mears, Paula Faye. "Managing Access during Employee Separation using Blockchain Technology." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1703324/.

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On-boarding refers to bringing in an employee to a company and granting access to new hires. However, a person may go through different stages of employment, hold different jobs by the same employer and have different levels of information access during the employment duration. A shared services organization may have either limited or wide-spread access within certain groups. Off-boarding implies the removal of access of information or physical devices such as keys, computers or mobile devices when the employee leaves. Off-boarding is the management of the separation an employee from an institution. Many organizations use different steps that constitute the off-boarding process. Incomplete tracking of an employee's access is a security risk and can lead to unintended exposure of company information and assets. Blockchain technology combines blocks of information together using a cryptographic algorithm based on the existing previous block and is verified by the peers in the blockchain network. This process creates an immutable record of employee system access providing an audit trail of access for any point in time to ensure that all access permissions can be removed once employment ends. This project proposes using blockchain technology to consolidate information across disparate groups, and to automate access removal to improve the employee off-boarding process.
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26

KAYA, KORAY MUSTAFA. "The Feasability of a Permissioned Blockchain-based SLA-management system : A novel approach to SLA management." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-301262.

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Blockchain seems to be the hot new innovation that brings disruption to many different industries in the form of decentralization. Groups of peers can finally organize and work together without a central actor having an authority over the transactions that occur. Other than decentralization, due to the distributed and cryptographic nature of the data, the system also enjoys resilience, immutability and safety. In this thesis, we are leveraging permissioned blockchain technology to take steps towards a trustless service level agreement (SLA) management system where both service providers and customers lack the power to tamper with the contracts and their outcomes. The thesis yields a systematic literature review on the state-of-the-art within SLA management and relevant blockchain technology, a proof-of-concept working with Ericssons decentralized edge service marketplace, Nubo, and finally asimulation which evaluates how the proof-of-concept performs in terms of throughput and latency under different network loads. The simulation shows that the network works as expected, until 70 transactions per second (TPS) are reached, at which point the network is limited by throughput.<br>Blockchain ser ut att vara den nya teknologin som leder till stora förändringar i olika industrier i form av decentralisering. En grupp av noder kan till slut organisera sig och arbeta tillsammmans utan en central figur som styr och har kontroll över arbetet. Utöver decentralisering ger blockchain också fördelen av uthållighet, oföränderlighet och säkerhet till systemet tack vare sin kryptografiska grund. I den här studien utnyttjar vi privat blockchainteknologi för att ta steg mot en decentraliserad service level agreement (SLA) platform, där både tjänsteleverantörer och konsumenter saknar makten att manipulera kontrakt och dess resultat. Studien ger en systematisk literaturstudie på state-of-the-art inom SLA och relevant blockchain teknologi, ett bevis på koncept som fungerar tillsammans med Ericssons decentraliserade Nubo Service Marknad, och till slut en simulation som undersöker hur systemet reagerar i form av genomströmmning och responstid under olika nätverksbelastningar. Undersökningen visar att nätverket fungerar som förväntat upp till 70 transaktioner per sekund, då nätverket begränsas av genomströmning och köer bildas.
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27

Shalev, Eilon, and David Micley. "elphi: a business plan to streamline the mortgage lifecycle through blockchain." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122398.

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Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2019<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 30-32).<br>The mortgage industry is the largest debt market in the U.S. entailing ~$10 trillion. The average processing time from mortgage application to closing is 45 days. More than 10 different stakeholders contribute to the process of mortgage origination, and they all use different types of technology to perform their parts. As such, coordinating and syncing all stakeholders is a complicated task, and therefore stakeholders revert to personalized yet inefficient communication channels, such as emails and phone calls. We offer a potential solution for this communication problem, leveraging DLT (Distributed Ledger Technology) to create pre-set channels for those stakeholders to communicate and reconcile transactions instantly. We argue that by leveraging DLT to this use case, the process of mortgage origination could go drop to 15 days, saving billions of dollars for all stakeholders.<br>by Eilon Shalev and David Micley.<br>M.B.A.<br>M.B.A. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management
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28

Panuparb, Patara. "Cost-benefit analysis of a blockchain-based supply chain finance solution." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122254.

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Thesis: M. Eng. in Supply Chain Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Supply Chain Management Program, 2019<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 48-49).<br>During the past few years, blockchain technology has shown great potential to disrupt existing supply chain finance solutions, as it could increase the efficiency of invoice processing and provide a more transparent and secure transactions. However, the costs and benefits of implementing blockchain technology in supply chain finance for involved parties are still unclear, since research on the topic is scarce. This thesis explores the net value of implementing blockchain technology in supply chain finance arrangement by using cost-benefit analysis. A cost-benefit model and the operating processes of traditional and blockchain-based supply chain finance solutions are proposed and applied to a real-world case study. We prove that blockchain technology increases the total net benefit among involved parties participating in the supply chain finance arrangement as a result of improved efficiency of invoice processing. We also find that suppliers would benefit from blockchain-based supply chain finance if the benefit from the unlocked working capital outweighs the cost of the platform fee. Another finding is that the buyer does not benefit from the technology in terms of unlocked working capital.<br>by Patara Panuparb.<br>M. Eng. in Supply Chain Management<br>M.Eng.inSupplyChainManagement Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Supply Chain Management Program
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Ewald, Lina, Arvid Hjortstam, and Jesper Wilén. "Blockchain Technology in Transportation Management : A case study with Rhenus Logistics AB." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105226.

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Purpose: In this study, areas of use of blockchain technology in transportation management will be discussed. The purpose is to contribute with theoretical research of advantages and disadvantages of blockchain technology in transportation management before an implementation at Rhenus Logistics.   Methodology: Through interviews and literature, ways of using blockchain in transportation management is researched. A case study is set up, to further analyze the research topic from the view of an individual third-party logistic company.  Findings: Results showed that for a third-party logistic provider to successfully use blockchain technology within transportation management, it is important to have the entire network onboard in the process. If so, functionalities such as track and trace, digital handling of paperwork and smart contracts could be used. The advantages of using blockchain technology for transportation management at Rhenus Logistics were found to be trust, transparency, traceability, efficiency, cost-saving opportunities and the use of smart contacts. Identified disadvantages for Rhenus Logistics was that blockchain is costly, stakeholders are hesitant to get involved, smart contracts are not considerate of blurry lines in real life practice and there is a challenge in finding an accurate blockchain design for their business model.
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Jozsef, Daniel. "User Attitudes around Key Management, and their Impact on Blockchain Technology Adoption." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-77065.

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The following study examines the background of users’ decisions about their behavior concerning online identity, specifically looking at the acceptance or rejection of self-sovereign identity solutions and the technologies that support them: blockchain and asymmetric encryption. A qualitative analysis is presented of typical user narratives concerning online behavior, while exploring the cultural values underlying users’ decisions about accepting or rejecting new, potentially emancipatory technologies. The results include inventories of values and beliefs that played a key part in informing the respondents’ behaviors, and presents four distilled narratives of reasoning about online identity in the form of the archetypes of the ​Pragmatist, the Self-doubter, the ​Cyber-conscious and the ​Futurist user, each representing a specific set of values, beliefs and their interplay resulting in specific intentions and behaviors, along with design guidelines for innovative blockchain technologies based on the user expectations in these narratives. The research concludes with relating the findings to existing theory, and proposing a number of quantitatively testable hypotheses for the refinement of technology acceptance research in the specific domain of online security and identity.
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31

Mathilda, Gyllhamn, and de Jong Karin. "Will Blockchain Save the World? : A qualitative study of how the implementation of blockchain technology in supply chains enables sustainable practices." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet (USBE), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-185687.

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Today, supply chain is often complex with low transparency and traceability. This is causing environmental and social harm in lower tier levels of supply chains, which the focal firm will be held accountable for. In the light of this, focal firms are aspiring to become more sustainable, which includes sustainable practices in both primary and supportive activities. In order for organizations to achieve this, there is a need for higher transparency and traceability. An issue that can be solved by the implementation of blockchain technology. A blockchain allows transaction to be made without a third party which results in secured and verified information and thus increased transparency and traceability. Moreover, sustainability has moved to become imperative in organizations strategic decisions in recent years where Trippel Bottom Line is a common approach but current literature states that his approach often lack all dimensions in sustainability research. Making it clear that a broader view on sustainability is needed, which the UNs Global Goals has as it takes up different aspects including a more extensive view of the socioeconomic and environmental view of sustainability. The current literature is missing a more practical view of how the implementation of blockchain technology can help focal firms achieve the Global Goals. Thus, our study aims to answer the following research question: How can the application of blockchain technology in supply chain management help focal firms to achieve UNs Global Goals 12 and 13, by enabling transparency and traceability in supply chain networks?The purpose of this is study to understand how blockchain technology enables transparency and traceability in focal firms supply chains and how this can be applied when companies want to reach UNs Global Goals connected to responsible productionand consumption, and taking action against climate change, i.e., Global Goals 12 and 13.To answer our research question and fulfill the purpose, a qualitative study including eightsemi-structured interviews were conducted covering different themes related to the research question. Our findings shows that blockchain has several features that leads to transparency and traceability, namely, decentralized information sharing, secure information, verified information and enables better structures for communication within the supply chain. Thus, enables focal firms to act against climate change and promote sustainable consumption and production in theory supply chain. However, the findings show that to achieve the optimal outcome, this is dependent on the supply chain and its actors meeting certain criteria. These criterions include, the characteristics of the industry, the complexity of the supply chain, the costumers demand, the degree of adoption of the technology in the supply chain, the relationship between actors and supporting activities.This thesis theoretically contributes with further understating and a new logic of the connection between blockchain technology and sustainable supply chain management by showing that the transparency and traceability enabled by blockchain can help focal firms achieve sustainable practices by enabling decentralized, secure, and verified information. This facilitates a better structure for tracing carbon footprint and unethical production and working practices are made transparent. Further, the practical implication of this study is that the focal firms will get a better understanding and knowledge of the supply chain network and their production and consumption and making it easier to act against climate change. Lastly, the social implication of this study is that it facilitates a broader view on sustainability which includes the social dimension to a larger extent.
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32

Sun, Yuqi. "Utilizzo della tecnologia blockchain applicata alle licenze software." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21849/.

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Negli ultimi anni la blockchain ha attratto molto interesse da varie aziende e ricercatori, studiando i miglioramenti che una tecnologia come questa potrebbe avere in vari settori, da quello finanziario a quello medico o immobiliare. Abbiamo scelto una delle possibili aree di applicazione, la gestione delle licenze software, e ne abbiamo sviluppato un sistema basato sulla blockchain di Ethereum. La tesi inizierà con un’introduzione al concetto di blockchain, fornendo le conoscenze necessarie per comprendere questa tecnologia; in seguito, illustrerà il processo che ha portato alla costruzione di questo sistema e infine analizzerà i possibili vantaggi e svantaggi che la blockchain può offrire in un ambito come le licenze software.
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33

Srisukvattananan, Yupawadee. "Overview of blockchain and possible use cases in the Thai payment system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104513.

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Thesis: S.M. in Management Studies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2016.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 50-51).<br>In recent years, there has been a lot of hype and interest around Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies. Following the invention of Bitcoin in 2008, blockchain, the public ledger that supports Bitcoin transaction, has also emerged as a hot topic. Blockchain has attracted attention from many parties around the world including academic scholars, practitioners in many industries, and policymakers in many There are many discussions about whether or not blockchain technology can be beyond its application as a public ledger that records Bitcoin transactions. This paper will start by providing an overview of blockchain technology, including definition, background information, key milestones, costs and benefits, and current applications. The last part of the paper will be an analysis of possible blockchain applications that may potentially help address some concerns in the Thai payment.<br>by Yupawadee Srisukvattananan.<br>S.M. in Management Studies
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Boiani, Filippo. "Blockchain Based Electronic Health Record Management For Mass Crisis Scenarios : A Feasibility Study." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254875.

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Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are both crucial and sensitive as they contain essential information and are frequently shared among different parties including hospitals, pharmacies or private clinics. This information must remain correct, up to date, private, and accessible only to the authorized people. Moreover, the access must also be assured under special conditions mass crises like hurricanes or earthquakes where disruption, decentralized responses, and chaos could potentially lead to wrong procedures or even malicious behaviors. The introduction of blockchain a distributed ledger where the records are stored in a linked sequence of blocks and are theoretically difficult to delete or tamper with made possible to design and implement new solutions for more failure-resistant EHRs applications adopting a distributed and decentralized philosophy, in contrast with the central ones based on cloud infrastructures or even local solutions. In this context, this work provides a systematic study to understand whether permissioned blockchain implementations could be of any benefit to managing health records in emergency situations caused by natural disasters. After the design and implementation of a basic prototype for an EHRs management system in Hyperledger Fabric and the execution of a set of test cases based on the simulation of the Haiti earthquake of 2010, it was possible to discuss the benefits and tradeoffs that the system entails. The discussion focused on the performance parameters like throughput, latency, memory and CPU usage. The system allowed the patients and practitioners to share and access EHRs and be able to detect and react to the crisis situations. Moreover, it behaved correctly in the presence of malicious nodes assuring throughputs and latencies still lower, compared to current centralized systems like credit card payments, but already up to two orders of magnitude higher than permissionless blockchain implementations. Even though there is still a lot of work to do, the system represented by the prototype could be an interesting alternative for networks of healthcare companies to help ensuring the continuity of treatment while preserving privacy and confidentiality in extreme situations.<br>Electronic Health Records (EHRs) är både viktiga och känsliga då de innehåller viktig information som ofta delas mellan flera parter, såsom sjukhus, apotek, och privata kliniker. Den här informationen måste hållas korrekt, uppdaterad, privat, och tillgänglig endast till auktoriserad personer. Vidare, tillgången till information måste vara försäkrad under extraordinära händelser, masskriser såsom orkaner och jordbävningar då distribution, decentraliserade åtgärder, och kaos potentiellt kan leda till fel åtgärder, till och med skadligt beteende. Introduceringen av blockchain en distruberad ledger"vars recordslagras i en länkad sekvens av block som är teoretiskt svåra att förstöra eller manipulera har möjligjort designen och implementationen av ny lösningar för mer krashresistanta EHR applikationer som antar en distribuerad och decentraliserad filosofi, i motsats till de centrala som bygger på molninfrastrukturer eller till och med lokala lösningar. I det här sammanhanget ger detta arbete en systematisk studie för att förstå huruvida permission-baserade blockchain-implementationer kan vara till nytta för att hantera hälso information (records) i nödsituationer orsakade av naturkatastrofer. Efter utformningen och genomförandet av en grundläggande prototyp för ett system för hantering av EHR i Hyperledger Fabric och genomförandet av en uppsättning testfall baserade på simuleringen av jordbävningen i Haiti 2010 kunde vi diskutera de fördelar och avvägningar som systemet medför. Diskussionen fokuserade på prestanda parametrar som throughput, latens, minne och CPU-användning. Systemet gjorde det möjligt för patienterna och utövarna att dela och komma åt EHR och kunna upptäcka och reagera på krissituationerna. Dessutom uppträdde det korrekt i närvaro av skadliga noder och säkerställde throughput och latens, vilket var lägre jämfört med nuvarande centraliserade system som kreditkortsbetalningar, men upp till två storleksordningar högre än permission-lösa blockchain-implementeringar. Trots att det fortfarande finns mycket arbete att göra skulle det system som representeras av prototypen kunna vara ett intressant alternativ för nätverk av sjukvårdsföretag, för att hjälpa till i extrema situationer och garantera kontinuiteten i behandlingen, samtidigt som sekretess och konfidentialitet bevaras.
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Moreaux, Alexandre. "Visual content tracking, IPR management, & blockchain : from process abstraction to functional interoperability." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAS023.

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En amenant un niveau de confiance et d'immutabilité jusqu'alors inégalé, l'émergence synchrone du paradigme du web3 et des blockchains applicatives a ouvert de nouvelles perspectives dans le domaine du contenu visuel et de la gestion des droits de propriété intellectuelle sous-jacents. Cependant, outre les problèmes endémiques à l'aspect décentralisé des blockchains, cette association a également mis en lumière de nouveaux défis. La thèse aborde cinq de tels défis à travers le prisme des deux concepts fondamentaux des blockchains applicatives, à savoir les tokens et les Smart Contracts, et de leur interopérabilité (i.e., à leur capacité à partager des données avec d'autres briques applicatives).Les deux premiers sujets abordés concernent les tokens, i.e., la représentation d'actifs sur la blockchain, qui ont fait l'objet de vives critiques de la part des experts et du public en raison de (1) leurs modes de distribution et de leurs (2) lacunes quant aux droits de propriété intellectuelle. Si une partie de l'aversion envers les tokens résulte d'une incompréhension fondamentale à l'égard de ce qu'ils sont, d'importantes limitantes techniques ont également fait surface au fil des ans. De plus, les tokens ont également été confrontés à des problèmes réglementaires et juridiques qui ont contribué à leur réputation ambiguë.Les deux sujets de recherche suivants concernent les Smart Contracts, i.e., les logiciels immuables qui peuvent être déployés sur les blockchains et qui servent notamment aux applications décentralisées (dApps). Au-delà de leur sensibilité aux erreurs humaines, les Smart Contracts sont confrontés à des limitations fondamentales comme (3) le seuil élevé de connaissances techniques requises à leur development et (4) leurs capacités de calcul limitées. De surcroît, il est important de comprendre que ces limitations ne sont pas seulement dues à la relative nouveauté du concept mais au fait que la notion de Smart Contract ne vise pas à remplacer celle du logiciel web2 et qu'elles doivent être pensées comme complémentaires.La thèse répond tout d'abord à ces quatre premières problématiques via l'abstraction de processus connus afin de concevoir, spécifier, et implémenter des briques méthodologiques répondant à des attentes définies par notre analyse bibliographique du sujet. Les quatre premières contributions sont :• Un mode de distribution de contenu visuel produit par des objets connectés via un courtier automatique doté de capacités de dépôt fiduciaire basé sur un système de confiance numérique.• Une structure logicielle indépendante des marchés standards mettant les Smart Contracts au niveau conceptuel des tokens afin de garantir l'applications de DPI lors de l'échange de ces derniers.• Un processus permettant la génération systématique et agnostique à l'environnement blockchain de Smart Contracts à partir d'ontologies.• Une méthodologie associant de manière mutuellement bénéfique des éléments web2 et web3 qui permet le calcul d'empreintes numériques (fingerprints), dont le coût est normalement prohibitif dans un environnement blockchain.Enfin, le dernier sujet traité est celui de (5) la polyvalence des briques applicatives que nous aborderons par l'interopérabilité des quatre premières contributions dans une architecture permettant la prise en charge de contenu visuel dans l'environnement blockchain de sa création authentifiée jusqu'à sa distribution tracée et conforme aux droits de propriété intellectuelle. Cette association démontre la capacité de nos briques méthodologiques à être intégrées dans des solutions plus complexes et à répondre à des problèmes tangibles.Nous conclurons cette thèse avec une analyse macroscopique de notre travail, mettant en perspective nos contributions vis-à-vis de du futur des blockchains que nous prévoyons à court et à long terme<br>The emergence of the web3 paradigm and the proliferation of application-oriented blockchains opened new perspectives to the field of visual content and the management of underlying Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) by providing a level of trust and immutability previously unmatched. Yet, this novel association remains vulnerable to discovered flaws and highlights shortcomings endemic to the blockchain space. This thesis addresses five such issues relating to the two fundamental concepts of applicative blockchains, namely tokens and Smart Contracts, and of their interoperability (i.e., as the ability to seamlessly share data).The first two issues deal with tokens, i.e., the blockchain representation of assets, which have been under heavy fire from experts and the public due to their (1) centralized distribution and (2) general disregard for Intellectual Property Rights. While some issues tokens have faced result from a fundamental misunderstanding of what they are, severe technical limitations in their use and distribution have surfaced over the years. These limitations were also accompanied by regulatory pain points resulting in some of the biggest scandals of the past decade, generating an overall negative perception of web3 technologies.The following two issues relate to Smart Contracts, i.e., immutable blockchain software that notably power decentralized applications (dApps). Although they have fed into problems through human oversights and errors, their main issues lie in their (3) technical knowledge requirements and (4) limited on-chain computation capabilities. Indeed, the relative novelty of the concept makes these programming languages less developer-friendly than their web2 counterparts, and users must accept that the Smart Contract paradigm is not a substitute for legacy software and answers to its own rules.We begin by addressing these first four pain points by abstracting processes and designing, specifying, and implementing methodological frameworks that answer requirements stemmed from the gaps identified in our state-of-the-art study. The first four contributions are:• A zero-trust, systematic distribution means for sensitive Internet of Media Things (IoMT)-produced content powered by an automatic broker with escrow functionalities.• A zero-trust, rule-enforcing, marketplace-agnostic framework revolving around a paradigm shift putting Smart Contracts at the abstraction level of tokens.• A workflow enabling the systematic, blockchain-agnostic generation of Smart Contracts via formalized ontologies.• A methodology enabling the mutually beneficial association of web2 and web3 by allowing usually prohibitively expensive visual fingerprinting to occur in blockchain environments.Finally, we address the overarching issue of (5) applicative workflow versatility by demonstrating the interoperation of all four previous methodological contributions into an architecture supporting the entire lifecycle of visual assets in blockchains, from their authenticated creation to their tracked and IPR-compliant distribution. This combination not only demonstrates the ability of our technologies to be integrated into larger frameworks but their capacity to answer real-world challenges. Our parting words constitute a macro analysis of our methodologies and put our efforts into perspective with the blockchain space, opining on its short and long-term directions
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36

Vocale, Valerio. "Blockchain e transazioni digitali: l'impatto ambientale di un'operazione sul web." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.

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L'argomento portante di questa tesi è l'impatto ambientale causato dal complesso meccanismo di consenso che c'è dietro ogni transazione bitcoin e di come si possa man mano intraprendere una strada più verde e più attenta all'ambiente. Questo viene fatto attraverso un'analisi delle varie tipologie di consumi energetici generati dalla rete bitcoin e dalla blockchain, la tecnologia su cui si basa l'intero sistema delle criptovalute.
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37

Matteucci, Federica. "Analisi della tecnologia blockchain NEO per sistemi di supply chain." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19130/.

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La tecnologia blockchain è un libro mastro digitale decentralizzato. Nonostante, negli ultimi tempi l’interesse dei media si sia concentrato principalmente sul settore finanziario, in realtà la tecnologia blockchain ha le caratteristiche per avere un impatto in diversi settori, tra cui il settore industriale.
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38

Ghizzani, Matteo. "Blockchain per creare fiducia fra le parti applicata al Facility Management: il caso CNS." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.

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Nell’ultimo decennio, la tecnologia blockchain, grazie alle sue caratteristiche innovative di indipendenza da autorità centrali, ha acquistato sempre più importanza ed attenzione, partendo dal settore finanziario fino al raggiungimento della quasi totalità dei settori lavorativi. L’obiettivo di questo documento è quello di indagare riguardo l’applicazione della blockchain nel contesto del Facility Management, non tanto dal punto di vista tecnico ed informatico ma soffermandosi sull’aspetto della fiducia, fondamentale in qualsiasi rapporto di lavoro. In alcuni punti, oltre alla sola blockchain, si vuole fare riferimento ad una visione più ampia, prendendo in considerazione l’intera famiglia delle reti DLT (Distributed Ledger Technology). I principi della tecnologia blockchain, inoltre, sono stati applicati alle soluzioni in risposta ai bisogni individuati all’interno del CNS (Consorzio Nazionale Servizi), in collaborazione del quale ho svolto i sei mesi di tirocinio per tesi. Infine, si è voluto analizzare l’applicazione in un altro settore, quello della supply chain, facendo un focus sulla filiera alimentare.
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39

Henriques, Johan, and William Westerlund. "Digitalization of forest management : Next generation unsupervised monitoring using Internet of Things and Blockchain." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-278191.

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The forest industry is a fundamental cornerstone of the Swedish economy employing over 70 000 workers on a national scale. In recent years, the industry has seen increased efforts to digitalize operations and management of forestry to reap economical rewards, improve efficiency and gain competitive advantages. Due to living nature of trees, forest-management is a critical activity within the industry; trees and forests maintained properly will reward the owner with not only greater quality and greater quantity of wood, but also a shorter realization of cash flow. Fully realized, data from UPM Skog suggests that proper forest management has the potential to increase forest returns with up to 50 percent. This thesis studies forest management in the context of digitalization with the aim of making forest monitoring more digital and intelligent. In particular, it studies unsupervised monitoring in detail, a subset of remote sensing. Applications and effects of unsupervised monitoring include but are not limited to; enable real-time management of forest inventory, improved planning, time logging to market-fluctuations and enhanced biodiversity. There are a multitude of technologies that could be utilized and applied to achieve unsupervised monitoring and the startingpoint for discussion are the technologies Internet of Things and Enterprise Blockchain. The research is carried out as a case-study utilizing qualitative semi-structured interviews as primary data collection tool combined with a rigorous literature study in the relevant technological areas. The findings of this thesis portray a trade-off between infrastructure, maintainability, precision and latency on the choice of communication technology. Further, it discusses various ways to work around the different drawbacks of specific technology choices and in what contexts they be more or less suitable. Blockchain technology can act as an enabler for multiple novel industrial applications due to is properties of immutability, transparency and trust; however, not critical for unsupervised monitoring applications in the short run. This research serves as a first step in exploring the area of Internet of Things and Blockchain applied to unsupervised monitoring of forestry. In doing so, the thesis addresses infrastructural considerations, economic feasibility as well as key implications in terms of change management.<br>Skogsindustrin är en hörnsten för svensk ekonomi och sysselsätter fler än 70 000 arbetare på en nationell skala. De senaste åren har industrin sett ökade satsningar mot att digitalisera förvaltning och operation av skog med syftet att nå ekonomisk avkastning, ökad effektivitet och förbättrad konkurrenskraft. Till följd av trädens levandenatur är skogsförvaltning en kritisk aktivitet inom industrin; trä och skog som underhålls på rätt sätt belönar ägaren med både höjd kvalitet på virke och högre kvantitet av virke samt snabbare realisering av kassaflöden. Data från UPM Skog uppskattar att god skogsförvaltning har potential att medföra upp till 50 procent högre avkastning från skogen. Denna uppsats studerar skogsförvaltning inom kontextet av digitalisering med syftet att göra förvaltningen mer digital och mer intelligent. Mer specifikt studeras tillsynslös övervakning (TÖ) i detalj, ett område som kan tolkas som ett subområde till fjärranalys. Tillämpningar och effekter av TÖ inkluderar men är inte begränsat till: möjliggöra real-tids förvaltning av skogsinnehav, förbättrad planering, optimerad avverkning efter marknadens fluktuationer samt också ökad biodiversitet. Det finns flertalet teknologier som kan användas och appliceras för att åstadkomma TÖ och startpunkten i denna uppsats är teknologierna Internet of Things och Enterprise Blockchain. Forskningen är utförd som en fallstudie och nyttjar kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer som primärdata samt en rigorös litteraturanalys inom relevanta teknologiområden. Undersökningsresultaten av denna fallstudie påvisar en avvägning mellan infrastruktur, underhållbarhet, precision och latens på den valda kommunikationsteknologin. Vidare undersöks olika sätt att arbeta runt olika nackdelar med de specifika teknologivalen samt utreder i vilka kontext som teknologierna är mer eller mindre lämpliga. Blockchain kan möjliggöra flertal nya industriella applikationer med hjälp av sina egenskaper som oföränderlighet, transparens och tillförlitlighet; men kan inte bedömas vara kritisk för TÖ utifrån ett kort tidsperspektiv. Denna forskning är ett första steg i att utforska området Internet of Things och Blockchain applicerat mot TÖ i skog. I detta adresseras allt från infrastrukturella frågeställningar, ekonomisk genomförbarhet samt implikationer inom förändringsledning.
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40

Cavallin, Riccardo. "Approccio blockchain per la gestione dei dati personali." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21604/.

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L'elaborato presenta la tecnologia blockchain nelle sue funzionalità e nei suoi limiti. In particolare sono presentate le piattaforme Ethereum, RadixDLT e IOTA. Vengono discusse le implicazioni del regolamento GDPR nei confronti di questa tecnologia per la costruzione di Data Marketplace basato su Ethereum. Dopo aver presentato l'architettura di un marketplace si analizzano le prestazioni di diversi servizi di storage online per l'archiviazione di dati personali.
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41

Dobrovnik, Mario, David Martin Herold, Elmar Wilhelm M. Fürst, and Sebastian Kummer. "Blockchain for and in Logistics: What to Adopt and Where to Start." MDPI, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/logistics2030018.

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Despite the claim that blockchain will revolutionise business and redefine logistics, existing research so far is limited concerning frameworks that categorise blockchain application potentials and their implications. In particular, academic literature in transport and logistics to date has not sufficiently distinguished between blockchain adoption ('what to adopt') and the identification of the right business opportunity ('where to start'). In response, this paper (1) uses Rogers¿ (2003) 'attributes of innovation framework' to identify potential blockchain applications and (2) presents a framework explicating four transformation phases to subsequently categorise the identified areas of application according to their effects on organisational structures and processes. Using academic and practitioner literature, we classify possible applications for adoption and provide a framework to identify blockchain opportunities in the logistics industry, thereby helping managers to systematically assess where to start building organisational capabilities in order to successfully adopt and deploy blockchain-based technology.
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Ghaffari, Fariba. "A novel blockchain-based architecture for mobile network operators : Beyond 5G." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAS009.

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Alors que l'architecture centralisée et autonome existante des opérateurs de réseaux mobiles (ORM) fournit une connectivité à des milliards d'utilisateurs, ils souffrent d'un manque de mécanismes techniques pour améliorer la collaboration entre les MNO et les autres fournisseurs.Cela a des impacts sur les coûts de mutualisation, ainsi que sur la consommation d'énergie et l'impact environnemental. Cela peut également empêcher l'avènement de modèles commerciaux plus collaboratifs avec d'autres fournisseurs ou même avec des clients. De plus, la complexité des réseaux au-delà de la 5G peut dépasser la capacité d'un ORM à gérer le coût et la complexité. Enfin, les architectures MNO existantes souffrent également de leur centralisation, problèmes techniques et vulnérabilités.Relever ces défis n'est pas un voyage simple. Cependant, nous croyons qu'il y a un intérêt à proposer à la communauté de la recherche en télécommunications une approche de table rase. De telles solutions alternatives doivent - au moins - avoir un écosystème distribué/décentralisé, assurer la fiabilité entre les acteurs dans l'environnement méfiant, partager les ressources entre les parties prenantes, apporter une automatisation plus élevée et fournir une sécurité et une confidentialité suffisantes.La blockchain est une technologie de registre distribué peer-to-peer qui ne peut être mise à jour que par consensus entre la majorité des nœuds participants sur le réseau. En raison de ses caractéristiques intrinsèques, la Blockchain et les smart contrats peuvent réduire le coût, la latence et la complexité de la collaboration entre les entités d'un réseau cellulaire multi-acteurs tout en augmentant la fiabilité, la traçabilité et les capacités de supervision.Ce travail propose un système de connectivité mobile multi-acteurs qui fournit une solution distribuée et sécurisée prou les entités et les acteurs de l'écosystème du réseau cellulaire. Pour ce faire, ce travail fournit dans un premier temps une étude complète des défis existants dans les réseaux cellulaires actuels concernant les aspects commerciaux et de collaboration, les problèmes techniques et la sécurité. Les résultats de ces études nous ont amenés à proposer deux contributions principales, l'une concernant la coopération entre les différents acteurs de l'écosystème des réseaux cellulaires, et l'autre pour la collaboration entre les ORM pour la gestion des identités et des profils.Plus précisément, la première contribution propose un nouvel écosystème de télécommunications hybride (distribué-décentralisé) pour façonner la conception des réseaux au-delà de la 5G et de la 6G. Cette méthode offre la possibilité d'éliminer toute autorité centrale, d'augmenter la tolérance aux pannes du système, de simplifier les procédures informatiques et de sécuriser le paiement entre les entités.La deuxième contribution introduit une nouvelle gestion des profils d'utilisateurs et un portage des numéros et des profils mobiles en plus de la Blockchain et des contrats intelligents. Cette méthode vise à éliminer l'autorité centrale dans la procédure de portage en créant un système plus collaboratif et distribué dans ce but, à augmenter l'automatisation et la confiance, et à remédier à la latence élevée de la méthode existante de portage des ORM. De plus, il offre la possibilité de porter les profils des utilisateurs vers l'ORM destinataire ainsi que le numéro de téléphone avec une procédure automatisée sans autorité centralisée ni tiers.Pour évaluer le système proposé et analyser sa faisabilité de mise en œuvre, nous avons proposé trois scénarios de déploiement dans lesquels la Blockchain peut être logiquement positionnée soit en RAN, cœur de réseau, ou couche de service. Les résultats de l'évaluation montrent que le système est suffisamment évolutif en ce qui concerne le nombre d'acteurs et de collaborateurs, et en fonction des exigences du réseau, ses performances et son niveau de sécurité sont ajustables<br>While the existing centralized and stand-alone architecture of Mobile Network Operators (MNO) provides connectivity to billions of users, they suffer from a lack of technical mechanisms to enhance collaboration between MNOs and other providers.This has impacts on mutualization costs, as well as on energy consumption and environmental impact. This may also prevent the advent of more collaborative business models with other providers or even with customers. Moreover, the complexity of 5G and beyond 5G networks may surpass the capability of one MNO to manage the cost and the complexity of connection. Finally, existing MNO architectures also suffer from their centralization, resulting in several technical issues and vulnerabilities.Addressing these challenges is not a straightforward journey. MNO architectures have been defined for nearly three decades by well-established standardization bodies. However, we believe there is an interest in proposing to the telecom research community a clean-slate approach. Such alternative solutions need to -at least- have a distributed/ decentralized ecosystem, provide trustworthiness between actors in the distrusted environment, share the resources among stakeholders, bring higher automation, and provide sufficient security and privacy. Any alternative addressing these requirements would be a promising potential solution.Blockchain is a peer-to-peer distributed ledger, cryptographically secure, append-only, immutable, traceable, and transparent technology that is only updateable via consensus among a majority of the participating nodes on the network. Due to its intrinsic features, Blockchain, and smart contracts can decrease the cost, latency, and complexity of collaboration among entities in multi-actor cellular network while increasing the trustworthiness, traceability, and supervision abilities.This work proposes a multi-actor mobile connectivity system that provides a distributed, trustful, automated, low-cost, and secure solution for the entities and actors of the cellular network ecosystem. To do so, this work provides at first a comprehensive study of the existing challenges in current cellular networks regarding business and collaboration aspects, technical issues, and security. The results of these studies have led us to propose two main contributions, one regarding the cooperation among different actors of the cellular network ecosystem (i.e., MNOs, service providers, small-scale businesses, vendors, and end-users) and another for collaboration among MNOs (and potentially with regulation bodies) for identity and profile management.More precisely, the first contribution proposes a novel hybrid (distributed-decentralized) telecommunication ecosystem to shape the beyond 5G and 6G network design. This method provides the opportunity to eliminate any central authority, increase the fault tolerance of the system, simplifies IT procedures, and provide secure payment among entities.The second contribution introduces a new user profile management and mobile number and profile porting on top of Blockchain and smart contracts. This method aims to eliminate the central authority in the porting procedure by creating a more collaborative and distributed system to this aim, increase automation and trustfulness, and address the high latency of the existing method for porting the MNOs. Moreover, it brings the opportunity of porting the users' profiles to the recipient MNO as well as the phone number with an automated procedure without a centralized authority or third parties.To evaluate the proposed system and analyze its implementation feasibility, we proposed three deployment scenarios in which the Blockchain can be logically positioned either in RAN, core network, or service layer. The evaluation results show that the system is scalable enough regarding the number of actors and collaborators, and based on the network requirements, its performance and security level are adjustable
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43

Celiz, Rodrigo Cubas, La Cruz Yasmin Escriba De, and David Mauricio Sanchez. "Cloud Model for Purchase Management in Health Sector of Peru based on IoT and Blockchain." Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625219.

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Purchase management of medical supplies is a critical and important process that affects the services provision quality. Nonetheless, it is facing a growing pressure to provide visibility and traceability of the purchase, to reduce fraud, to improve flexibility and to ensure communication between everyone involved. Currently, private health institutions in Peru choose to implant different software products within the same company with restricted visibility access to other concerned parties and based on information from a single source. A new alternative is Blockchain technology, since it provides a single source of shared truth to all participants and ensures that the information cannot be altered, thus offering high levels of transparency that, together with IoT technology, creates not only visibility about where things are, but also traceability, showing the current state of things.<br>Revisón por pares
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44

Trombini, Marco. "Blockchain: hype or disruptor? Analisi e use cases." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.

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Lo scopo di questa tesi di laurea è quello di fornire una panoramica sulla tecnologia blockchain affrontando tramite analisi della letteratura come viene definita, la tassonomia e le principali proprietà. Partendo da queste si affrontano quali sono oggigiorno gli ambiti di applicabilità della blockchain avvalendosi del supporto dei più recenti report e pubblicazioni da parte di enti di ricerca ed osservatori, per poi analizzare in chiave critica quelli che potrebbero essere gli sviluppi futuri della stessa. Viene brevemente trattato un metodo di indagine iterativo ritenuto adeguato per lo sviluppo di uno studio di applicabilità che purtroppo non è stato condotto ed è un punto aperto per una possibile futura collaborazione tra Accenture S.p.A. ed Università di Bologna. Infine nell’ultimo capitolo vengono presentati alcuni casi di utilizzo della blockchain, per lo più progetti pilota, tra cui quello a cui sto lavorando in ambito tracciabilità dei trasporti: come la blockchain abilita l’utilizzo su vasta scala di sensori connessi per la tracciabilità estesa del prodotto durante la filiera distributiva. Essendo una tecnologia in via di sviluppo il miglior modo per approcciare e sviluppare possibili applicazioni profittevoli è quello di sviluppare delle proof of concept, successivamente tradurle in demo per poi avviare progetti pilota. A riguardo grazie al supporto ricevuto in Accenture abbiamo avviato la concezione e lo sviluppo di una demo focalizzata su come la blockchain possa abilitare una nuova serie di servizi sul tema della logistica distributiva, portando l’integrazione con la sensoristica connessa, il cosiddetto internet of thing, ad un livello superiore rispetto allo stato attuale in termini di sicurezza, agilità delle transazioni e riduzione dei costi.
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45

Romeike, Stephan [Verfasser]. "Blockchain Technology in Finance and Accounting: Essays on Initial Coin Offerings, Crypto Assets, and Corporate Use Cases / Stephan Romeike." Berlin : epubli, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1241399212/34.

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46

Vatalaro, Giada. "La Blockchain e lo sviluppo della moneta di Tezos." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19601/.

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La seguente tesi di laurea parla della Blockchain e in particolar modo dello sviluppo della moneta di Tezos. Andremo a vedere le basi che hanno portato alla nascita di questa nuova tecnologia tra cui la storia, l'evoluzione e le caratteristiche; descrivendo alcune delle criptovalute che l'hanno utilizzata tra cui: Bitcoin, Ethereum e, infine Tezos. Affronteremo alcuni paragoni tra le varie criptovalute presentate, in particolar modo il linguaggio di programmazione utilizzato per scrivere gli smart contracts e la sicurezza che ognuna di loro garantisce. Inoltre, parleremo degli smart contracts, di come sono nati e come vengono utilizzati da Ethereum e Tezos.
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47

Blomqvist, Ludvig. "Blockchain and Entrepreneurial Value Creation in the Textile Industry." Thesis, KTH, Industriell Management, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-239925.

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This thesis examines a process of innovation within a Swedish early-stage start-up company in the textile industry. The thesis describes and analyzes the case company’s intentions to create entrepreneurial value by reconfiguring its supply chain as one of its resources. Theories of dynamic capabilities, entrepreneurial value creation and supply chain management are applied for analysis of the case company’s process of investigating how Blockchain technology can be applied to the company’s supply chain to create and enhance value for the company, its customers and suppliers. Topics of digitalization, Blockchain technology, supply chain management, entrepreneurial value creation and dynamic capabilities are covered as part of the discourse. The work in this thesis is qualitative and explorative and based on the study of one case company and its quest for creating entrepreneurial value by reconfiguring its supply chain. The study explores several potential ways for how entrepreneurial value can be created through process of innovation, e.g., by the application of Blockchain to a company’s supply chain. Although Blockchain has potential to create entrepreneurial value for the case company, it is not possible to predict if the benefits outweigh the costs, if the project is feasible in practice, if it is suitable for one company to undertake the project on its own or if collaboration and alliances are the way forward.
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48

Rajan, Suresh G. "Analysis and design of systems utilizing blockchain technology to accelerate the humanitarian actions in the event of natural disasters." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118526.

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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2018.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 56-58).<br>This paper focuses on designing novel ways to alleviate human and economic impacts caused by weather and climate disasters such as droughts and cyclones. Natural disasters are becoming apparent and continue to grow in number, intensity, and impact. Authorities, organizations and community groups who focus on rebuilding and relief efforts are constantly facing challenges in redevelopment effort, environmental hazards, health care and funding support to help communities become recover and be more resilient. When dealing with aftermath due to natural disaster the communities do have heightened sense awareness and come together to provide the necessities of rebuilding infrastructure. There are short-term actions, such as an evacuation based on the weather forecasting. Can a system that properly communicates with all affected stakeholders to be prepared for the natural disaster. The implemented system takes the appropriate actions thereby by reducing the human and economic impacts. This precious window of opportunity time between the forecast and actual natural disasters is regularly overlooked which affects the recovery and resilience process. This thesis explains how to design a holistic system that can lessen the risk of natural disaster with a system for forecasting, automatic trigger responses and disburse required funding when certain threshold conditions are met prior to natural disasters. The proposed framework takes into consideration of blockchain technologies that are at the relatively early stage of development. The objectives are to develop novel early funding mechanism and explained using conceptual architecture with private blockchain and smart contracts that can be designed to automatically execute early funding mechanism when the natural hazard thresholds are reached.<br>by Suresh G. Rajan.<br>S.M. in Engineering and Management
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49

Jordan, Alicja, and Louise Bonde Rasmussen. "The role of blockchain technology for transparency in the fashion supply chain." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23191.

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The fashion industry is one of the most challenging sectors for sustainable development, comprising numerous social and environmental challenges. The industry is based on a complex network of global and fragmented supply chains leading to a lack of transparency. Therefore, transparency and supply chain traceability are core priorities in order to increase the fashion supply chain visibility and enable accountability. A potential solution to this issue is the application of new technologies. Blockchain is an emerging technology that has a potential to address the current issues and make supply chain processes more transparent.The combination of the emerging blockchain technology with the concept of transparency in fashion supply chains constitutes the novelty of the research and the contribution to the current body of knowledge. The environmental and social challenges regarding transparency in fashion supply chains are analysed using the theories for Green Supply Chain Management and supply chain power structures. The study relies on interviews with blockchain professionals and industry experts in supply chains and sustainable fashion.The study finds that blockchain has the potential to become the single source of truth for the fashion supply chain and provide transparency across the supply chain. However, this advancement of transparency can only occur in a less complex fashion supply chain with a balanced power structure and more collaboration than the current standard.
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50

Sylvester, Brandon. "An overview of the regulation and management of cryptocurrency in South African inter vivos and testamentary trusts." University of the Western Cape, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8140.

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Magister Legum - LLM<br>Our lives, work, and behaviour have been changed both positively and negatively by the digital presence that has grown tremendously over the last three decades, and with this exponential growth, we cannot predict where we will be, digitally-speaking, in the years to come. As it stands in South Africa and the majority of the world today, we find that the law is yet to catch up to the technological explosion, in particular to the concept of digital assets. Digital material that is produced and purchased form a big part of our daily lives as we continue to consume media online, use social media platforms, and invest in cryptocurrency. The question of whether South African law makes sufficient provision for the incorporation of digital assets and, in particular, cryptocurrency in inter vivos or testamentary trust is yet to be fully established.
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