Relevant bibliographies by topics / Blood glucose parameters

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Blood glucose parameters'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 15 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Blood glucose parameters"

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Saeed, Quratulain, Sarwat Memon, Mervyn Hosein, and Sana Ikram. "Clinical Correlation of Periodontal Disease Parameters with Crevicular Blood Glucose Levels." Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association 30, no. 1 (2021): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.25301/jpda.301.12.

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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to assess relationship between the clinical periodontal parameters and gingival crevicular blood glucose levels and to determine the relation of severity of periodontitis with glycemic levels. METHODOLOGY: A total number of 348 patients with chronic periodontitis participated in this cross-sectional study. After recording the number of teeth and plaque percentage, the participants were assessed for severity of periodontitis according to clinical periodontal parameters of periodontal pocket depth, gingival recession, clinical attachment loss and gingival bleeding. Gingival crevicular blood glucose was assessed via glucometers and random blood glucose levels were recorded for each patient. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. The correlation between periodontal parameters and glycemic levels was assessed via Pearson's correlation coefficient. Multiple regression analysis was used to predict the association of glycemic levels with periodontal parameters. Analysis of variance was used to compare the glycemic levels in patients with mild, moderate and advance periodontitis. RESULTS: Age, bleeding on probing and clinical attachment loss showed significant positive correlation while number of teeth showed significant negative association with crevicular blood glucose levels. Multiple regression analysis indicated that crevicular blood glucose has significant linear association with bleeding on probing and clinical attachment loss. Gingival crevicular blood glucose levels were found to be increasing with severity of periodontitis. There was significant difference (p<0.001) in mean glucose levels between mild, moderate and advanced periodontitis groups. CONCLUSION: Clinical periodontal parameters and severity of periodontitis are strongly associated with increasing gingival crevicular blood glucose levels. KEYWORDS: Blood glucose, inflammation, gingival bleeding, periodontitis HOW TO CITE: Saeed Q, Memon S, Hosein M, Ikram S. Clinical correlation of periodontal disease parameters with crevicular blood glucose levels. J Pak Dent Assoc 2021;30(1):12-17.
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Koschinsky, Theodor, Sascha Heckermann, and Lutz Heinemann. "Parameters Affecting Postprandial Blood Glucose: Effects of Blood Glucose Measurement Errors." Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 2, no. 1 (2008): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/193229680800200109.

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Chhatriwala, Mitul N., Kiran Kumar B. Sodavadiya, Dharmik S. Patel, and Taskin H. Saiyad. "Establishment of Reference Interval of Blood Glucose and HbA1c in Tertiary Care Hospital of Anand District." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 4 (2022): 11–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13834229.

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<strong>Background:</strong>&nbsp;Health of an individual is conceptually different in different countries, in the same country at different times and in same individuals at different ages. The reference range varies considerably from one laboratory to another and is decedent on the population diet. Methodology, selection of reference group needs of the clinical. The clinical laboratory standard institute (CLSI, formerly known as NCCLS) recommended nonparametric (IFCC) recommends both nonparametric method and parametric method for the determination of reference ranges.&nbsp;<strong>Material and Methods:&nbsp;</strong>Present study was carried out in Central diagnostic laboratory of tertiary care hospital of Anand district over the period of one year. This cross-sectional study includes total 500 blood reports of RBS, FBS, PP2BS and HbA1c of all the individual who attended the routine health Checkup, outpatient department attending the hospital. All the data were expressed a Mean&plusmn;2SD. Data analysis was done by using Statistical Software (SPSS-17). Kolmogorov-Smirnov (Z-test) was applied for all the parameters.&nbsp;<strong>Results and Discussion:</strong>&nbsp;Mean and SD values of random blood glucose, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose and HbA1c for male are 112.80&plusmn;23.65 mg/dL, 99.02&plusmn;9.99 mg/dL, 106.09&plusmn;18.82 mg/dL, 5.59&plusmn;0.38% respectively, and for female are 109.74&plusmn;36.06 mg/dL, 100.51&plusmn;10 mg/dL, 104.77&plusmn;13 mg/dL, 5.65&plusmn;0.38% respectively.&nbsp;<strong>Conclusion:&nbsp;</strong>Hence, from this study we conclude that the reference range obtained for biochemical parameters of glucose observed in defined population in a city is different from the values provided by the diagnostic kits. But we found the reference range of HbA1c is similar to available reference range. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
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YATİNDRA, Ida Bagus Gde Tirta Yoga, Anak Agung Sagung Mirah PRABANDARİ, Pande Made Wisnu TİRTAYASA, Ida Bagus Tatwa YATİNDRA, Anak Agung Ngurah Oka DİATMİKA, and Kadek Cindy MERNİKA. "Correlation of blood glucose and prostatic-related parameters in patients with prostate enlargement." Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 40, no. 1 (2023): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.52142/omujecm.40.1.19.

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Enlarged prostate, either in benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer is the predominant urological disease affecting older men. Metabolic syndrome including high blood glucose was considered to take part in the development of prostate enlargement, although their association is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the correlation between blood glucose with prostatic-related parameters. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 91 men with prostate enlargement from Urology Polyclinic, Tabanan Hospital, Bali Province, Indonesia. Prostatic-related parameters collected include patient’s international prostate symptoms score using the questionnaire, prostate-specific antigen and random blood glucose analysis from serum blood sample, and prostate volume determined with transabdominal ultrasonography. Patient’s mean age was 65.4 ± 10 years, mean prostate volume 52.7 ± 26 ml, mean prostate-specific antigen (PSA) 9.2 ± 17 ng/ml, mean international prostatic symptoms score (IPSS) 14.31 ± 7.1, mean random blood glucose 121.1 ± 40.5 mg/dl. This study found weak positive correlation between random blood glucose and prostate volume (r=0.269; p=0.01). PSA and prostate volume showed moderate positive correlation (r=0.365; p&lt;0.001). No correlation between random blood glucose with PSA or IPSS was found in this study. This study found random blood glucose has positive correlation with prostate volume. We recommend enhancing blood glucose control to prevent the progress of prostate enlargement.
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Basri, Nur Rasyidah Hasan, Mas Sahidayana Mohktar, Wan Safwani Wan Kamarul Zaman, and Selvam Rengasamy. "Predicting Blood Glucose Level in Malaysian Women Based on Glutathione and Anthropometric Parameters." Acta Scientiarum. Technology 43 (September 23, 2021): e56373. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v43i1.56373.

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Blood glucose is conventionally determined by the level of sugar present in our blood. Lesser known to the public that antioxidants in our body are also said to influence the level of blood glucose. Glutathione (GSH) as the main antioxidant parameter in our body helps in reducing the production of oxidative stress caused by a high blood glucose level. Particularly in women, high antioxidant activities are reported due to the presence of oestrogen hormone. However, in Malaysia limited study was done on the significance of GSH in influencing the blood glucose level. Thus, this study focuses on finding the significance of GSH and some other health predictors in affecting the blood glucose level of women volunteers. This study was carried out on 118 Malaysian women volunteers and blood samples were collected for GSH analysis and blood glucose. All data were trained and tested for the development of prediction models in classifying the blood glucose into normal and abnormal levels. The model construction is using three different classifiers: namely logistic regression, k-nearest neighbour classifier and decision tree. Five predictors that were used are GSH, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and groups (oral supplementation dosage). Results showed all predictors are significantly correlated with the blood glucose level at p &lt; 0.10. The model with a combination of GSH, BMI, WHR, weight and supplementation dosage (groups) as predictors gave the best performance. The k-nearest neighbour classifier model displays the best accuracy (84.7%) in predicting the normal and abnormal level of blood glucose. This finding shows that by altering the amount of GSH via oral supplementation and other significant predictors in women, there are chances to modify the blood glucose level from abnormal to normal
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Karninčić, Hrvoje, Saša Krstulović, and Mario Baić. "The Influence of Body Weight on Chosen Physiological Parameters in Wrestling." Journal of Human Kinetics 37, no. 1 (2013): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2013-0032.

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In this study, the authors attempted to determine whether the dynamics of blood lactate and glucose in wrestling depend on the weight class. Blood lactate and glucose curves during and after a wrestling match were determined. We also explained the dynamics of blood lactate and glucose in the context of recent glucose and lactate metabolism research. A sample of 60 youth wrestlers (15-20 years) were divided into three weight groups. Each athlete participated in one wrestling match. During the fight, the athletes' heart rate, glucose, and blood lactate were measured. The differences in body mass between the athletes did not affect the dynamics of lactate and glucose in wrestling competition (Fisher LSD test). We established that lactate and glucose dynamics are the same for all weight groups (Fisher LSD-Lactate 1 &lt; 2 &lt; 3 = 4 &gt; 5, Fisher LSD-Glucose 1 = 2 &lt; 3 &lt; 4 &lt; 5). Understanding lactate and glucose metabolism in wrestling is important for wrestling coaches because they need to evaluate a wrestler's anaerobic energy status.
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Godsland, I. F., C. Felton, and V. Wynn. "Venous Blood Arterialization and Parameters from the Minimal Models of Glucose Disappearance and Post-Hepatic Insulin Delivery." Clinical Science 85, no. 1 (1993): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0850089.

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1. Modelling analysis of intravenous glucose tolerance test glucose and insulin concentrations can provide measures of insulin sensitivity and metabolism from a single straightforward procedure. However, little is known of the effects of blood arterialization on model-derived parameters. 2. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests were carried out on 18 subjects, with measurement of glucose and insulin concentrations in simultaneously sampled non-arterialized and arterialized blood. Blood oxygen saturation, partial pressure of CO2 and pH were measured on both non-arterialized and arterialized blood during the intravenous glucose tolerance test. Using the minimal models of glucose disappearance and post-hepatic insulin delivery, measures of insulin sensitivity, glucose-dependent glucose disposal, firstand second-phase post-hepatic insulin responsiveness to glucose and plasma insulin elimination rate were derived from intravenous glucose tolerance test glucose and insulin concentrations in both arterialized and non-arterialized blood. 3. During the intravenous glucose tolerance test mean blood oxygen saturation was 6.7% higher, partial pressure of CO2 was 0.3 kPa lower and pH was 0.015 higher in arterialized than non-arterialized blood. Mean parameter values did not differ when derived from measurements made on non-arterialized and arterialized blood. Model-derived parameters were not related to the degree of arterialization, although there was some consistent variation with sampling site for parameters of glucose-dependent glucose disposal (Sg), first-phase post-hepatic insulin responsiveness (φ1) and insulin elimination (ni). 4. Measurements made on non-arterialized blood are suitable for analyses employing the minimal models of glucose disappearance and post-hepatic insulin delivery. Imprecision in some parameters may be diminished by adherence to a single sampling site.
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Al-Taee, Nada Saad Naji. "Physiological blood parameters of young university adults with blood glucose, blood pressure and smokers." Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 9, no. 11 (2018): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2018.01502.4.

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Mori, Fumihiko, Satoshi Ishiko, Tohru Abiko, et al. "Changes in corneal and lens autofluorescence and blood glucose levels in diabetics: parameters of blood glucose control." Current Eye Research 16, no. 6 (1997): 534–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/ceyr.16.6.534.5079.

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Isehunwa, G. O., A. M. Adenuga, and A. R. A. Alada. "Comparative study of fasting blood glucose and haematological parameters of Wistar rat, Rattus norvegicus and the common African toad, Bufo regularis." Zoologist (The) 19, no. 1 (2022): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tzool.v19i1.2.

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Haematological parameters are good indicators of the physiological status of animals and useful in understanding the relationship of blood to the environment. This study was carried out to compare the fasting levels of blood glucose and haematological parameters (Red blood cell count, Packed cell volume, Haemoglobin concentration, White blood cell count, Platelet count, and differential White blood cell counts) in Wistar rats, Rattus norvegicus and the common African toad, Bufo regularis. Ten rats and ten toads were used in the study. The animals were divided into two groups. Group I consists of 10 rats while Group II consists of 10 toads. The animals were fasted overnight before blood samples were collected for the determination of blood glucose and blood parameters. The blood glucose was determined using modified glucose oxidase method while the blood parameters were determined using standard laboratory techniques. The results of the study showed that the fasting blood glucose level in rats was significantly higher than that of toad. The fasting levels of blood parameters, packed cell volume, red blood cell counts, haemoglobin concentration in the toad were significantly lower than those of rats while the white blood cell counts of the toads were significantly higher compared with the rats. There were no significant differences in neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil and lymphocyte counts of rats when compared with those of the toad.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Blood glucose parameters"

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Chu, Ying-Yueh. "Body fat mass, blood parameters, glucose tolerance test, and fatty acid synthesis and various metabolites in hepatocytes of shhf/mcc-cp obese male and female and homozygous and heterozygous lean male rats /." The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487777901659766.

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Chowdhury, Nusrat. "Design and Development of a Comprehensive and Interactive Diabetic Parameter Monitoring System - BeticTrack." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3646.

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A novel, interactive Android app has been developed that monitors the health of type 2 diabetic patients in real-time, providing patients and their physicians with real-time feedback on all relevant parameters of diabetes. The app includes modules for recording carbohydrate intake and blood glucose; for reminding patients about the need to take medications on schedule; and for tracking physical activity, using movement data via Bluetooth from a pair of wearable insole devices. Two machine learning models were developed to detect seven physical activities: sitting, standing, walking, running, stair ascent, stair descent and use of elliptical trainers. The SVM and decision tree models produced an average accuracy of 85% for these seven activities. The decision tree model is implemented in an app that classifies human activity in real-time.
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Risdon, Sydney. "Consommation d’édulcorants intenses non-caloriques et santé cardiométabolique : effets sur le contrôle glycémique et la fonction vasculaire chez le rongeur Sucralose and cardiometabolic health: current understandingfrom receptorsto clinical investigations Artificial sweeteners impair endothelial vascular reactivity: Preliminary results in rodents Is fasting blood glucose a reliable parameter to investigate the effect of non-nutritive sweeteners on glucose metabolism? Digestive n-6 Lipid Oxidation, a Key Trigger of Vascular Dysfunction and Atherosclerosis in the Western Diet: Protective Effects of Apple Polyphenols." Thesis, Avignon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AVIG0719.

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Les édulcorants ont été progressivement introduits dans l'alimentation humaine dans le but, de réduire l'apport calorique mais aussi de limiter les répercussions sur les niveaux de glycémie, tout en préservant le gout sucré, élément essentiel du plaisir gustatif. Plusieurs travaux de recherche ont néanmoins suggéré, contrairement aux intentions premières, que cette consommation d’édulcorants quotidienne pouvait participer à augmenter le risque de devenir obèse ou diabétique mais aussi le risque de mortalité cardiovasculaire. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de ce travail de thèse a été d’identifier les effets d’une consommation chronique de boissons contenant des édulcorants de synthèse et non caloriques, seuls ou en synergie, sur le contrôle glycémique et la physiologie vasculaire, afin de comprendre le risque accru d’évènements cardiovasculaires observé chez les consommateurs fréquents d’édulcorants. Ainsi, nous avons pu mettre en évidence chez le rongeur la sensibilité du tissu vasculaire à l’exposition de l’acésulfame de potassium (Ace-K) et du sucralose, sensibilité qui semble indépendante de l’activation des récepteurs du gout sucré. De manière intéressante, les effets vasomoteurs de ces édulcorants sont apparus antagonistes l’un envers l’autre. Les études actuelles suggèrent également l’implication des édulcorants dans la survenue de facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire tel que l’obésité. Toutefois dans notre modèle, la consommation de sucralose dans le cadre d’un régime gras a permis au contraire de limiter les altérations de ce régime sur l’accumulation de tissu adipeux et sur le contrôle de la glycémie, mais également de potentialiser la réponse vasodilatatrice artérielle chez les souris. Ainsi, nos résultats démontrent l’importance d’identifier les conséquences propres directes (sur les cellules du tissu vasculaire) et indirectes (modulation des facteurs de risque cardiovasculaires) de chaque molécule sur la physiologie vasculaire. Néanmoins, des études supplémentaires sont nécessaires afin d’évaluer les effets spécifiques de chaque molécule sur cette balance vasomotrice<br>Artificial sweeteners have been extensively introduced into human diets with the objective of decreasing caloric intake and normalize the levels of blood glucose, while preserving an essential element of taste pleasure, the sweet taste. Nevertheless, several studies have suggested that a daily and sustained consumption of sweeteners could contribute to the increased risk of becoming obese or diabetic but also to the increased cardiovascular mortality risk. In this context, the objective of this work was to identify the effects of chronic consumption of beverages containing synthetic and non-caloric sweeteners on glycemic control and vascular physiology. Thus, we were able to demonstrate in rodents the sensitivity of vascular tissue to acesulfame potassium (Ace-K) and sucralose exposure that appears to be independent of sweet taste receptor activation. Interestingly, the vasomotor effects of these artificial sweeteners appeared to be antagonistic to each other. Current studies also suggest the involvement of artificial sweeteners in the occurrence of cardiometabolic disease such as obesity. Surprisingly, in our model, the consumption of sucralose appears to limit the deleterious effects of a high fat diet on body composition and glycemic control. The sucralose consumption even potentiated the vasodilatory arterial response in our mice model. Thus, according to the effects observed on glucose homeostasis, our results demonstrate the importance of identifying the specific direct (on vascular tissue cells) and indirect (modulation of cardiovascular risk factors) consequences of each molecule on vascular physiology. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to evaluate the specific effects of each molecule on this vasomotor balance
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Hongwei, Wu, and 吳泓緯. "Optimum Design Studies of Electronic Circuit Parameters for Blood Glucose Measurement with Test Strips Made of Gold Plated Printed Circuit Boards." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pcmwf7.

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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>機電整合研究所<br>105<br>The demand for blood glucose test strips is increasing with the number of diabetics, and aside from karbogel strips, gold strips also are prevalent on the market. This study discusses optimizing the design parameter for a gold blood glucose test strip, in which the accuracy of blood glucose reading is related to the applied voltage and applied current for the electrochemical reaction in the reaction zone of the gold blood glucose test strip. The research consists of two parts. The first part is the applied voltage. The cyclic voltammetry graph shows that the optimum applied voltage is 0.08V-0.1V. In the past, the parameters of the blood glucose meter were made in reference to the carbon test strip, whereas the measurement of blood glucose from the gold test strips are still based on the electrochemical analytical method based on carbon test strip. Therefore, the measurement of blood glucose from the gold test strips should be based on the electrochemical characteristics of the gold test strips, not carbon test strips. Part 2 is the applied current. The resistance of the all connecting conductor tracks are associated with the current generated, when the applied voltage is fixed. Different applied voltage and electrical resistance can influence the blood glucose reading. In this experiment, three applied voltages were used as the variable parameters for this study, including 0.3V, 0.15V, and 0.1V. In addition, the electrical resistance of three R4 resistors are 1.0kΩ, 1.2kΩ, and 1.5kΩ, respectively. According to the observation on different parameter settings, when the voltage is set to be 0.1V and the R4 resistor is set to be 1.2kΩ, the blood glucose reading is comparatively more stable and accurate, meaning that the parameters of determining gold test strip’s performance are different from that of the carbon test strip.
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Chu, Huan-Chin, and 朱奐勤. "Effects of Different Levels or Chain Lengths of Medium-Chain Triglycerides in Diet on Fat Deposition, Fatty Acid Composition, Blood Parameters and Glucose Tolerance of Broilers." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03185218475174481913.

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碩士<br>東海大學<br>畜產與生物科技學系<br>101<br>Two trials were conducted to examine the effects of different levels or chain lengths of medium-chain triglycerides in diet on fat deposition, fatty acid composition, blood parameters and glucose tolerance of broilers. Trial 1, 600 newly hatched Arbor Acres chicks were allotted to four treatments, six replicates per treatment and 25 chicks per replicate. Chicks were fed diets containing (1) 0; (2) 1.6; (3) 4.0 or (4) 6.4% MCT (containing C6:0, C8:0 and C10:0) for 36 days. Trial 2, 300 newly hatched Arbor Acres chicks were allotted to three treatments, four replicates per treatment and 25 chicks per replicate. Chicks were fed diets containing 4% of (1) soybean oil; (2) coconut oil (containing C12:0) or (3) C6 oil (containin C6:0) for 36 days. Growth performances, abdominal fat deposition, plasma glucose and cholesterol levels, fat content and fatty acid composition of abdominal fat, breast and thigh meat (with skin), and glucose tolerance were measured.Results of trial 1 showed that diet containing 6.4% MCT decreased day 0-36 weight gain and feed intake, abdominal fat deposition and fat content of thigh (with skin) (P<0.05). Feed efficiency and mortality were not affected by the dietary MCT. C8:0 and C10:0 but not C6:0 could be deposited in the tissues. C10:0 had a better deposition efficiency than C8:0 had. Thigh (with skin) had a better deposition efficiency than breast had. Diet containing 6.4% MCT increased plasma total and HDL cholesterol content (P<0.05). Plasma glucose content was not affected but the glucose tolerance was improved (P<0.05) by the dietary MCT.Results of trial 2 showed that diet containing coconut oil or C6 oil did not affect day 0-36 growth performances and abdominal fat deposition. C12:0 but not C6:0 could be deposition in the tissues. Diet containing coconut oil or C6 oil did not affect plasma glucose, cholesterol levels, and glucose tolerance.In conclusion, diet containing C8:0 and C10:0 but not C6:0 or C12:0 could decrease the body fat deposition, increase plasma cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, and improve the glucose tolerance in broilers. C8:0, C10:0 and C12:0 but not C6:0 could be deposited in the tissues of broilers.
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Zheng, Yan Wei, and 鄭炎煒. "Parameter estimation of blood glucose control system." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28940810731138047543.

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Books on the topic "Blood glucose parameters"

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Narayana, Shalini, Babak Saboury, Andrew B. Newberg, Andrew C. Papanicolaou, and Abass Alavi. Positron Emission Tomography. Edited by Andrew C. Papanicolaou. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199764228.013.8.

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Positron emission tomography (PET) is an imaging method that utilizes compounds labeled with positron-emitting radioisotopes as molecular probes to evaluate different neurophysiological processes quantitatively and noninvasively. This chapter provides a background regarding positron emission, radiotracer chemistry, and detector and scanner instrumentation, as well as analytical methods for evaluating basic brain physiology, such as cerebral blood flow and oxygen and glucose metabolism. The methodological aspects of PET imaging, such as patient preparation and optimal scanning parameters, are discussed. Examples of application of blood flow and metabolic imaging in both research and clinical scenarios for the evaluation of normal neurophysiology are provided. Recent advances in PET imaging, including PET-CT and PET-MRI, are also described. Finally, the unique strengths of PET imaging are highlighted.
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O’Flaherty, Martin, Susanna Sans-Menendez, Simon Capewell, and Torben Jørgensen. Epidemiology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: scope of the problem and its determinants. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656653.003.0001.

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The epidemic of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the twentieth century prompted many population-based surveys. Now, a huge number of epidemiological studies provide a clear picture of the risk for CVD. Approximately 80% of CVD can be explained by smoking, high blood pressure, and deterioration of lipid and glucose metabolism, the two latter mediated through an unhealthy diet (high intake of salt, saturated fat, and refined sugar) and physical inactivity. A causal web for CVD shows that the influence is seen throughout the life course, and that ‘upstream‘ factors like socioeconomic status, health policies, and industrial influences all have a powerful impact on the more downstream parameters like lifestyle and biomarkers. This emphasizes that population-level interventions represent the most effective options for future strategies for the prevention of CVD.
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Book chapters on the topic "Blood glucose parameters"

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Bale, Gemma, Ajay Rajaram, Matthew Kewin, et al. "Multimodal Measurements of Brain Tissue Metabolism and Perfusion in a Neonatal Model of Hypoxic-Ischaemic Injury." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48238-1_32.

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AbstractThis is the first multimodal study of cerebral tissue metabolism and perfusion post-hypoxic-ischaemic (HI) brain injury using broadband near-infrared spectroscopy (bNIRS), diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS), positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). In seven piglet preclinical models of neonatal HI, we measured cerebral tissue saturation (StO2), cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral oxygen metabolism (CMRO2), changes in the mitochondrial oxidation state of cytochrome c oxidase (oxCCO), cerebral glucose metabolism (CMRglc) and tissue biochemistry (Lac+Thr/tNAA). At baseline, the parameters measured in the piglets that experience HI (not controls) were 64 ± 6% StO2, 35 ± 11 ml/100 g/min CBF and 2.0 ± 0.4 μmol/100 g/min CMRO2. After HI, the parameters measured were 68 ± 6% StO2, 35 ± 6 ml/100 g/min CBF, 1.3 ± 0.1 μmol/100 g/min CMRO2, 0.4 ± 0.2 Lac+Thr/tNAA and 9.5 ± 2.0 CMRglc. This study demonstrates the capacity of a multimodal set-up to interrogate the pathophysiology of HIE using a combination of optical methods, MRS, and PET.
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Akca, H. Seyma. "Diabetic Ketoacidosis." In Current Perspective on Diabetes Mellitus in Clinical Sciences. Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053359111.20.

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Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus, characterized by hyperglycemia, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis. It typically occurs in individuals with type 1 diabetes but can also affect those with type 2 diabetes, especially during periods of stress or illness. DKA results from insulin deficiency, leading to an increase in counter-regulatory hormones (e.g., glucagon, cortisol, catecholamines) that promote lipolysis and ketogenesis. Clinical presentation includes symptoms such as polyuria, polydipsia, dehydration, abdominal pain, vomiting, and altered mental status. Laboratory findings show hyperglycemia (&gt;250 mg/dL), ketonemia, and metabolic acidosis (low pH, low bicarbonate). Management focuses on fluid resuscitation with isotonic saline to correct dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, followed by insulin administration to reverse ketogenesis and normalize blood glucose levels gradually. Potassium replacement is crucial due to intracellular shifts and urinary losses. Close monitoring of clinical and laboratory parameters guides treatment adjustments, including the transition from intravenous to subcutaneous insulin once DKA resolves. Identification of precipitating factors, such as infections or non-adherence to insulin therapy, is essential to prevent recurrence. Multidisciplinary care involving endocrinologists, emergency physicians, and intensive care specialists ensures comprehensive management and reduces the morbidity associated with DKA.
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Matshipi, Moloko, Hlengani James Siweya, and Phuti Joanna Makgae. "Association of Anthropometric Parameters with Blood Pressure and Blood Glucose among Ellisras Children." In Lifestyle and Epidemiology - Poverty and Cardiovascular Diseases a Double Burden in African Populations [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95938.

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Obesity as directly measured by anthropometric parameters has been demonstrated to be associated with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, which are common risk factors for CVD. The study aimed at assessing the relationship between blood pressure, blood glucose and anthropometric parameters in Ellisras children. A total of 492 children aged 6 to 11 years, participated in the study. Neck circumference, waist circumference, body mass index, waist-to-height ratio, fasting blood glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured using standard procedures. Linear regression showed significant association (P &lt; 0.05) of anthropometric parameters (except waist-to-height ratio) with blood pressure. Fasting blood glucose was significantly associated with neck circumference when adjusted for age and gender. Positive correlation was found for systolic blood pressure with neck and waist circumference and body mass index in both genders and for diastolic blood pressure, the correlation was only found in boys. Fasting blood glucose was negatively correlated with neck circumference. Waist circumference (P = 0.025, β = 1.208, 95% CI = 1.017–1.285) was better than BMI (P = 0.046, β = 1.340, 95% CI = 1.005–1.788) in predicting elevated systolic blood pressure. These findings suggest that it is crucial to manage anthropometric parameters in the Ellisras community in order to decelerate the increase of hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
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Iskender Ekinci. "Metabolic Syndrome In Thyroid Disease." In Metabolic Syndrome: A Comprehensive Update with New Insights. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2025. https://doi.org/10.2174/9789815322132125010026.

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Thyroid diseases significantly influence metabolic parameters, including blood pressure regulation, glucose metabolism, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hypothyroidism is often linked to hypertension, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, while hyperthyroidism may induce weight loss, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. Both hypo- and hyperthyroidism impact blood pressure regulation, glucose homeostasis, and adiposity. Dyslipidemia is frequently observed in thyroid disorders, with hypothyroidism associated with elevated cholesterol levels and hyperthyroidism with altered lipid profiles. Additionally, thyroid dysfunction contributes to the development of NAFLD. There is a close relationship between thyroid hormones and metabolic syndrome components, as well as the development of metabolic syndrome.
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Kumar Mishra, Brijesh, Alok Raghav, Goo-Bo Jeong, Mukesh Jain, Pinky Shukla, and Swati Sharma. "Estimation of HbA1c and impact of continuous glucose monitoring in hypoglycemic states." In Hypoglycemia - New Insights [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1005805.

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Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is formed when glucose combines with hemoglobin present in red blood cells making it glycated. Hypoglycemia is presented by less sugar binding with the hemoglobin compared to in hyperglycemia. HbA1c is considered to be a gold standard for measuring glycemic index in diabetic patients. This indicates the burden of blood glucose in subjects with diabetes mellitus. As the normal life span of red blood cells (RBCs) is 90–120 days, therefore HbA1c predicts the average glucose level of 90 days period. Currently, it is being used to combat the burden of diabetes worldwide. There are several cost-effective and high sensitivity &amp; specificity techniques that are being used for the measurement of HbA1c. Most advanced methods include HPLC and enzyme-based. However, there are some variants of hemoglobin that interfere with it. As this is one of the essential parameters to study the progression of diabetes in a patient, a cost-effective and reliable method is required for the estimation.
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Paláncz, Béla, Levente Kovács, Balázs Benyó, and Zoltán Benyó. "Robust Blood-Glucose Control of Type I Diabetes Patients Under Intensive Care Using Mathematica." In Encyclopedia of Healthcare Information Systems. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-889-5.ch151.

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This article presents a robust control design method on frequency domain using Mathematica for regularization of glucose level in Type I diabetes persons under intensive care. The method originally proposed under Mathematica by Helton and Merino (1998) is now improved with a disturbance rejection constraint inequality, and is tested on the three-state minimal model. Nonlinear closed loop simulation in state-space, in case of standard meal disturbances, demonstrates the robustness of the resulted high-order linear controller. The obtained results are compared with H8 design implemented with Matlab, proving that the controller (for the considered model parameters) can operate properly, even in case of parameter values of the worst-case scenario.
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Rajasekaran, K., Anitha Mary Xavier, and R. Jegan. "Smart Technology for Non Invasive Biomedical Sensors to Measure Physiological Parameters." In Biomedical Engineering. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3158-6.ch034.

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Communication and Information technologies are transforming our lifestyles, social interactions, and workplaces. One of the promising applications of the information and communication technology is healthcare and wellness management. Advancement in electronic health care and mobile have made doctors and patients to involve the modern healthcare system by extending the capabilities of physiological monitoring devices. Various biomedical sensors are being used to measure the physiological parameters like pulse rate, blood glucose level, blood pressure etc., Among various bio-sensor, Researchers from different field of science are particularly and increasingly interested in Photoplethysmography (PPG) signals. This chapter addresses the importance of bio sensors and its principle, significance of remote monitoring of PPG signal using Radio Frequency (RF) and design challenges in RF connectivity. Also this chapter presents a reliable low power wireless transmission mechanism of biomedical signals which works on narrow band RF frequencies.
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Rajasekaran, K., Anitha Mary Xavier, and R. Jegan. "Smart Technology for Non Invasive Biomedical Sensors to Measure Physiological Parameters." In Handbook of Research on Healthcare Administration and Management. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0920-2.ch019.

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Communication and Information technologies are transforming our lifestyles, social interactions, and workplaces. One of the promising applications of the information and communication technology is healthcare and wellness management. Advancement in electronic health care and mobile have made doctors and patients to involve the modern healthcare system by extending the capabilities of physiological monitoring devices. Various biomedical sensors are being used to measure the physiological parameters like pulse rate, blood glucose level, blood pressure etc., Among various bio-sensor, Researchers from different field of science are particularly and increasingly interested in Photoplethysmography (PPG) signals. This chapter addresses the importance of bio sensors and its principle, significance of remote monitoring of PPG signal using Radio Frequency (RF) and design challenges in RF connectivity. Also this chapter presents a reliable low power wireless transmission mechanism of biomedical signals which works on narrow band RF frequencies.
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Kul, Deniz, Serhat Isik, Dilek Berker, Ufuk Ozuguz, Ekrem Abayli, and Serdar Guler. "Assessment of Parameters Concerning the Difference between the Methods of Blood Glucose Measurements." In CLINICAL - Miscellaneous Topics in Diabetes. The Endocrine Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo-meetings.2011.part2.p10.p1-529.

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"Biology and Management of Dogfish Sharks." In Biology and Management of Dogfish Sharks, edited by John W. Mandelman and Marianne A. Farrington. American Fisheries Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874073.ch20.

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Abstract.—To provide a synthesis of the physiological responses to otter-trawl capture in spiny dogfish &lt;em&gt;Squalus acanthias&lt;/em&gt;, blood values from trawled individuals were evaluated against values from minimally stressed dogfish caught rapidly by hook and line (control). Values and analyses from published studies are considered along with those from the most expansive set of blood samples taken from dogfish captured by both methods to date. Significant impacts of trawling on dogfish blood physiology were reflected in all parameters excluding log plasma protein. Parameters for whole-blood acid–base status (pH, significant decrease; pO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, 45% decrease; pCO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, 82% increase), and the metabolite lactate anion (125% increase) were most perturbed relative to differences induced by the capture methods in other parameters. The concentrations of sera monovalent electrolytes (Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;) and glucose were significantly elevated by trawling, but not to the magnitude seen in other studies related to capture stress in fish. Significant elevations in hematocrit and reductions in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations were also observed subsequent to trawling. Overall, this capture method incited marked changes in blood physiology relative to values in minimally stressed dogfish. However, previous studies demonstrating high rates of posttrawl dogfish survival indicate that such changes are resolvable in this species prior to lethal consequences.
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Conference papers on the topic "Blood glucose parameters"

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Cordero, Camille J., Lloyd Charles L. Landicho, Jennifer C. Dela Cruz, and Ramon G. Garcia. "Quantifying blood glucose level using S11 parameters." In TENCON 2017 - 2017 IEEE Region 10 Conference. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tencon.2017.8228091.

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Malik, Sarul, Shalini Gupta, Harsh Parikh, and Sneh Anand. "Gargling affect on salivary electrochemical parameters to predict blood glucose." In 2016 International Conference on Computational Techniques in Information and Communication Technologies (ICCTICT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icctict.2016.7514650.

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Homlok, Jozsef, J. Geoffrey Chase, and Balazs Benyo. "Blood glucose model for liver transplantation: Alteration of physiological parameters." In 2016 IEEE 11th International Symposium on Applied Computational Intelligence and Informatics (SACI). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/saci.2016.7507349.

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Sidelnikova, A. A. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOME BIOCHEMICAL BLOOD PARAMETERS IN OPISTHROCHISIS." In THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. VNIIP – FSC VIEV, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6050437-8-2.2024.25.383-387.

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Biochemical blood parameters were analyzed in the chronic phase of opisthorchiasis in rabbits in an experiment for the first time. Sexually mature males were infected with 50 Opisthorchis felineus (Rivolta, 1884) metacercariae isolated from the muscle tissue of Leuciscus leuciscus per one animal (n = 10). After confirmation of occurred invasion in the animals, serum was examined at 61 months (about 5 years). Glucose, urea, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were determined in serum using a hematological analyzer. Own data obtained in the acute phase of opisthorchiasis at 1.5 months after infection were used as test and control. We found that glucose corresponded to normal values in the chronic phase as compared to the acute phase, and the data were statistically significant. Urea was normal as compared to the acute phase, and the data were statistically significant. AST level was within normal range and ALT was above normal values as compared to the acute phase. The data for liver enzymes among the invasion periods were not statistically significant. Thus, the studied biochemical parameters returned to normal in the chronic phase of opisthorchiasis compared to the acute phase except for ALT.
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Spanner, G., and R. Nießner. "Noninvasive Photoacoustic Determination of Blood Glucose Using Modulated Diode Lasers." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1996.cfc4.

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The noninvasive determination of blood and tissue parameters is a promising application of photoacoustic laser spectroscopy. Optical absorption spectra of human whole blood in the visible and near infrared spectral region were measured using the photoacoustic response produced by modulated diode lasers. As glucose is one of the most important blood parameters, the aim of our investigations is the development of a sensor system which is suitable for continuously noninvasive monitoring of blood glucose concentrations in diabetic patients.
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Lin, Yu–Hsuan, Hsin–Yi Tsai, Cheng–Ru Li, Cheng–I Chen, Chang–Yuan Liu, and Wei–Chung Lee. "Estimation of Blood Glucose Level of Human by Measuring Key Parameters in Electrocardiogram." In 2023 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc53148.2023.10175995.

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Nandikolla, Vidya, and Desineni Naidu. "Blood Glucose Regulation for Diabetic Mellitus Using a Hybrid Intelligent Techniques." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79419.

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In this paper, we use a mathematical model for the interaction between the blood glucose and insulin concentration and investigates the on-line control schemes necessary to accomplish an external blood glucose regulation. The dynamic model is described in terms of blood glucose level, and net insulin level in blood as two state variables and external rate of blood glucose concentration as control variable. Using optimal regulation results, an objective is chosen to minimize the deviation of blood glucose from a preset level. The closed-loop optimal control scheme is developed for the biosystem in which a blood glucose sensor feeds information to a pump to release computed amount of insulin into the circulation system. The performance of the proposed optimal control scheme is compared with experimental results. Further to improve the closed-loop optimal performance, a soft control strategy based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is devised leading to synergy of hard (optimal) and soft (artificial intelligent) control. ANFIS is a simple learning technique which is implemented in the framework of adaptive neural networks that provides the best optimization tool to find parameters that best fits the data. The application of this synergetic (hard and soft) control strategy to the diabetic regulation system shows good agreement between the experimental data and the theoretical/simulated results.
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Dima, Roberto, Giovanni Buonanno, and Raffaele Solimene. "Comparing two Fitting Algorithms for Determining the Cole–Cole Parameters in Blood Glucose Problems." In International Electronic Conference on Applied Sciences. MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/asec2021-11188.

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Shihab AHMAD, Hanan, Saja Jamal NOMAN, and Zaynab Khorsheed RASHEED. "EFFECT OF SMOKING CIGARETTES AND HOOKAH ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL VARIABLES AMONG THE STUDENTS OF THE AL-DOOR TECHNICAL INSTITUTE." In IV.International Scientific Congress of Pure,Appliedand Technological Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress4-3.

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The aimed of the study the effect of smoking cigarettes and hookah on some hematological and biochemical variables. Hematological parameters were measured the volume of (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), biochemical variables, lipid concentration in blood serum, glucose concentration in blood serum and ALP concentration in blood serum for some students of the Technical Institute, the role of smokers. 60 blood samples were collected from 20 cigarette smokers, 20 hookah smokers and 20 non-smoking students. Where there a significant increase at (P &lt; 0.05) in the concentration of triglyceride in the blood of cigarette smokers compared to the control group and a significant decrease at (P &lt; 0.05) in the concentration of Glucose and Hb compared with control group
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Deleu, Inga, and Irina Delipovici. "Evaluarea nivelului de acid lactic și a glucozei în organismul sportivilor înotători." In "Fiziologia şi sănătatea", congresul fiziologilor. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova. Medical Sciences, 2025. https://doi.org/10.52692/cfzl2024.18.

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The biochemical tests that have been done, are important and aim to estimate the effectiveness of the effort level in swimming. Also, they tend to determine the ability of the body to respond through specific mechanisms of mobilization and adaptation to the proposed physical effort. This paper talks about the importance estimating the level of lactic acid and glucose in the body of swimming athletes at rest, but also during swimming effort at different distances. Assessment of the biochemical parameter - lactic acid at rest shows the norm, only in one athlete was the increased value of this index appreciated. The blood glucose level shows average values within the normal range. After completing the 100-meter, 1000-meter swim, glucose levels decreased non-essentially and blood lactic acid levels increased in all tested athletes. Assessment of biochemical parameters at the distance of 1500 meters shows changes in the sense of non-essential increase of glucose and non-essential decrease of lactic acid, which highlights high capacities of endurance and adaptation to effort.
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Reports on the topic "Blood glucose parameters"

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Chen, Po-Wei, Hsiao-Yuan Su, Chih-Hsing Wu, et al. Association of Bisphosphonates with Risk of Incident Diabetes and Glycemic Control: A Protocol of Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0125.

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Review question / Objective: To determine the association between bisphosphonate use and the risk of incident diabetes and glycemic control in adults with updated evidence from clinical trials and observational studies. Eligibility criteria: The inclusion criteria for studies assessing risk of incident diabetes are as follows: (1) availability of data on bisphosphonate use in individuals without diabetes; (2) evaluation of the risk of diabetes for bisphosphonate users compared with controls; and (3) either clinical trials or observational studies. To assess effects of bisphosphonates on glycemic control, we will include studies with: (1) availability of data on bisphosphonate use in individuals regardless of diabetes state; (2) evaluation of the glycemic parameters, including fasting blood glucose (FBG) or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), for bisphosphonate users compared with controls; (3) report sufficient data on the change in glycemic parameters (FBG and HbA1c) before and after bisphosphonate use or placebo/comparison use; (4) either clinical trials or observational studies. We will exclude studies with only a single arm without comparison.
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Noga, Edward J., Ramy R. Avtalion, and Michael Levy. Comparison of the Immune Response of Striped Bass and Hybrid Bass. United States Department of Agriculture, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568749.bard.

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We developed methods for examining the pathophysical response of striped bass and hybrid bass to various forms of stress. This involved development of techniques for the measurement of lysozyme, mitogen blastogenesis, mixed lymphocyte reaction, and oxidative burst, which are important general indicators of systemic immune function. We also examined local immune defenses (epithelial integrity), as well as homeostatic indicators in blood, including osmotic balance and glucose. Acute stress resulted in significant perturbations in a number of parameters, including glucose, electrolytes, osmolarity, lysozyme, and mixed lymphocyte reaction. Most significantly, acute confinement stress resulted in severe damage to the epidermal epithelium, as indicated by the rapid (within 2 hr) development of erosions and ulcerations on various fins. There were significant differences in the resting levels of some immune functions between striped bass and hybrid bass, including response to mitogens in the leukocyte blastogenesis test. Our studies also revealed that there were significant differences in how striped bass and hybrid bass respond to stress, with striped bass being much more severely affected by stress than the hybrid. This was reflected in more severe changes in glucose, cortisol dynamics, and plasma lysozyme. Most significantly, striped bass developed more severe idiopathic skin ulceration after stress, which may be a major reason why this fish is so prone to develop opportunistic bacterial and fungal infections after stress. Hybrid bass injected with equine serum albumin developed a typical humoral immune response, with peak antibody production 28 days after primary immunization. Fish that were exposed to a chronic stress after a primary immunization showed almost complete inhibition of antibody production.
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Suksom, Daroonwan, Chaicharn Deerochanawong, Tanaka, Hirofumi, and Witid Mitranun. The comparison effects of aerobic continuous training and aerobic interval training on glycemic control and endothelial function in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Chulalongkorn University, 2013. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2013.71.

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The objective of this study was to compare the effects of continuous aerobic exercise training (CON) and interval aerobic exercise training (INT) on glycemic control and endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 43 participants with type 2 diabetes aged 50-70 years were stratified in parallel-group study and randomly allocated to the sedentary control, continuous aerobic training (CON), and interval aerobic training ( INT) groups. Exercise training programs were designed to yield the same energy expenditure/exercise session and included walking on treadmill for 30 or 40 minutes/day, 3 times/week for 12 weeks. Biological variables, health-related physical fitness, endothelial function and biochemistry variables between pre-test and post-test were analyzed by a paired t-test. One way analysis of variance was used to compare the variables among groups. Differences were considered to be significant at p &lt; .05. The results of the present study were as follow : 1. Body mass, BMI, body fatness, waist-to-hip ratio, and heart rate at rest decreased and leg muscle mass and muscle strength increased (all p&lt;0.05) significantly in both the CON and INT groups when compared with pre-test. 2. Fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance levels decreased (p&lt;0.05) in both exercise groups but glycosylated hemoglobin levels decreased (p&lt;0.05) significantly only in the INT group when compared with pre-test. 3. Maximal aerobic capacity, flow-mediated dilation, and cutaneous blood flow increased (all p&lt;0.05) significantly in both exercise groups; however, the magnitude of improvement was greater (p&lt;0.05) significantly in the INT group. 4. Malondialdehyde and von Willebrand factor decreased and glutathione peroxidase and nitric oxide increased significantly (all p&lt;0.05) in the INT group. CON group showed no significant changes in these parameters. In conclusion, Both CON and INT were effective in improving glycemic control, aerobic fitness, and endothelium-dependent vasodilation, but the INT program appears to confer greater improvements than the CON program.
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