Academic literature on the topic 'Blood lipids – Analysis'
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Journal articles on the topic "Blood lipids – Analysis"
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Yan, Jingyi, Jin-Xiu Zhu, Nan Lu, Shanshan Gao, Jianfeng Ye, Chengzhi Yu, Minghui Yue, and Xuerui Tan. "Superior grey relational analysis on blood lipids and hematological parameters." Grey Systems: Theory and Application 9, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gs-11-2018-0058.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the superior relationship between blood lipid- and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related hematological parameters using superior grey relational analysis (GRA). Design/methodology/approach A total of 294 individuals who underwent simultaneous routine blood examination and blood lipid examination in the Physical Examination Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College were included in this study. Superior GRA was performed to find out the superior factor in CVD-related hematological parameters and blood lipids. CVD-related hematological parameters included red blood cell distribution width, white cell count, and platelet count, platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume, as well as platelet crit. The indicators of blood lipids analyzed here consist of low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride and total cholesterol. Findings The results showed that all the grey relational degree of hematological parameters and blood lipids were over 0.8; the superior factor in hematological parameters was PLT, whereas TC was the superior factor in blood lipids. Practical implications Findings of this study suggested that hematological parameters are closely related to blood lipids and a potential role for hematological parameters in the prediction of dyslipidemia, which need further study; TC has the greatest influence on hematological parameters, whereas TG displays a minimal impact. Originality/value To the authors’ best knowledge, it was the first study to analyze the relationship between various CVD-related hematological parameters and blood lipids via superior GRA.
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Oriisi, M. T., M. Giovanhini, R. Bellu, C. Galluzzo, C. Agostoni, R. Besana, and E. Riva. "59 FACTOR ANALYSIS OF CORD BLOOD LIPIDS." Pediatric Research 24, no. 2 (August 1988): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/00006450-198808000-00085.
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Oostendorp, Marlies, Udo FH Engelke, Michèl AAP Willemsen, and Ron A. Wevers. "Diagnosing Inborn Errors of Lipid Metabolism with Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy." Clinical Chemistry 52, no. 7 (July 1, 2006): 1395–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2006.069112.
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Abstract Background: Many severe diseases are caused by defects in lipid metabolism. As a result, patients often accumulate unusual lipids in their blood and tissues, and proper identification of these lipids is essential for correct diagnosis. In this study, we investigated the potential use of proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy to simultaneously identify and quantify (un)usual lipids present in the blood of patients with different inborn errors of lipid metabolism. Methods: We extracted blood plasma or serum lipids in chloroform–methanol (2:1 by volume). After addition of the nonvolatile chemical shift and concentration reference compound octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, we performed 1H-NMR measurements on a 500-MHz spectrometer. Assignments were based on the literature, computer simulations, and reference spectra of relevant authentic standards. Results: Spectra of normal plasma samples allowed the identification of 9 lipid species. We found good correlation between conventional methods and 1H-NMR for cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. We also investigated 4 inborn errors of lipid metabolism (3 in sterol metabolism and 1 in fatty acid metabolism). NMR analysis led to a correct diagnosis for all 4 diseases, whereas the concentration of the diagnostic metabolite could be determined for 3. Conclusions: 1H-NMR spectroscopy of blood plasma or serum lipid extracts can be used to accurately identify and quantify lipids. The method can also identify unusual lipids in the blood of patients with inborn errors of lipid metabolism. This technique may therefore be applicable in clinical diagnosis and follow-up.
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Bull, Caroline J., Carolina Bonilla, Jeff M. P. Holly, Claire M. Perks, Neil Davies, Philip Haycock, Oriana Hoi Yun Yu, et al. "Blood lipids and prostate cancer: a Mendelian randomization analysis." Cancer Medicine 5, no. 6 (March 19, 2016): 1125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cam4.695.
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Zhao, Hao, Xue-min Gao, Xinxin Cao, Lu Zhang, Dao-Bin Zhou, and Jian Li. "Characteristics of Serum Lipidome in Patients with POEMS Syndrome." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 3082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-122239.
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OBJECTIVE: POEMS syndrome is a rare plasma cell dyscrasia. Most patients had shrinking buccal pad fat and weight loss at disease onset, indicating abnormal lipid metabolism. Manifestations of POEMS syndrome, such as the elevated serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor, may also be mediated by lipids. However, the characteristics of serum lipidome of patients with POEMS syndrome have not been described. Therefore, this study aims to describe serum lipidome characteristics in patients with POEMS syndrome. METHODS: Serum samples of 24 POEMS syndrome patients newly-diagnosed at Peking Union Medical College from September, 2017 to July, 2018 were collected at baseline and after at least one cycle of treatment. Serum was also collected from a group of 24 healthy participants who were age-, gender-, BMI-matched with patients. UPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS profiling was used to analyze the molecular profile of lipid-containing organic extract of serum samples in the 320-1000 Da range. Multivariate data analysis (PCA and PLS-DA) was used to identify altered lipids between matched serum samples. For altered lipids between patients and healthy controls, lipid related genes were identified with the human metabolome database. Lipid related genes overlapped with genes in transcription files specific to POEMS syndrome compared with normal plasma cells, MGUS and MM reported in a Japanese series were identified. RESULTS : POEMS syndrome patients had serum lipidome distinct from normal people, which is characterized by a decrease in most altered fatty acyls (82.6%, 43/52) and glycerolipids (81.8%, 18/22). (Figure A) The baseline serum 17-oxo-20Z-hexacosenoic acid level was independently associated with disease(OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01-1.13, p = 0.021). A two-fatty-acyl lipid model could be constructed by leave-one-out cross validation based on peak intensity of 17-oxo-20Z-hexacosenoic acid andΩ-3 arachidonic acid to identify patients and healthy control with an accuracy of 100%. (Figure B) Comparing serum lipids pre- and post-treatment, 100% (14/14) altered fatty acyls and glycerolipids (3/3) increased after treatment, of which 50% fatty acyls and all glycerolipids overlapped with baseline decreased lipids compared with healthy control. (Figure C) In patients with complete or partial VEGF remission after treatment, sphingolipids AS 1-1, Cer(d18:1/17:0) and glycerophospholipid lysoPE(0:0/18:2(9Z,12Z)) was lower than in patient with poor VEGF remission. (Figure D) Of all 358 genes related with altered lipids between patients and healthy control, 6 genes were reported to be upregulated in CD138+ cells in the bone marrow of POEMS syndrome than in MGUS and 8 genes than in MM. MGLL, a gene with function of converting monoacylglycerides to free fatty acids and glycerol, was expressed higher in POEMS syndrome than in both MGUS and MM and may be related with decreased serum glycerolipids. PLA2G2D, a gene encodes a secreted member of the phospholipase A2 family, was expressed higher in POEMS syndrome than in MGUS and may be responsible for decreased lysolipids after treatment. CONCLUSION: POEMS syndrome patients had a distinct serum lipidome characteristic from healthy control. A two-lipids model could distinguish patients and healthy people with high accuracy. Altered lipids and lipids related genes indicate POEMS syndrome specific alteration in glycerolipids and lysolipids metabolism compared with MGUS and MM, providing a potential insight for further study of molecular mechanism of POEMS syndrome. Figure Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Beaufrère, Hugues, Sara M. Gardhouse, R. Darren Wood, and Ken D. Stark. "The plasma lipidome of the Quaker parrot (Myiopsitta monachus)." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): e0240449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240449.
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Dyslipidemias and lipid-accumulation disorders are common in captive parrots, in particular in Quaker parrots. Currently available diagnostic tests only measure a fraction of blood lipids and have overall problematic cross-species applicability. Comprehensively analyzing lipids in the plasma of parrots is the first step to better understand their lipid metabolism in health and disease, as well as to explore new lipid biomarkers. The plasma lipidome of 12 Quaker parrots was investigated using UHPLC-MS/MS with both targeted and untargeted methods. Targeted methods on 6 replicates measured 432 lipids comprised of sterol, cholesterol ester, bile acid, fatty acid, acylcarnitine, glycerolipid, glycerophospholipid, and sphingolipid panels. For untargeted lipidomics, precursor ion mass-to-charge ratios were matched to corresponding lipids using the LIPIDMAPS structure database and LipidBlast at the sum composition or acyl species level of information. Sterol lipids and glycerophospholipids constituted the majority of plasma lipids on a molar basis. The most common lipids detected with the targeted methods included free cholesterol, CE(18:2), CE(20:4) for sterol lipids; PC(36:2), PC(34:2), PC(34:1) for glycerophospholipids; TG(52:3), TG(54:4), TG(54:5), TG(52:2) for glycerolipids; SM(d18:1/16:0) for sphingolipids; and palmitic acid for fatty acyls. Over a thousand different lipid species were detected by untargeted lipidomics. Sex differences in the plasma lipidome were observed using heatmaps, principal component analysis, and discriminant analysis. This report presents the first comprehensive database of plasma lipid species in psittacine birds and paves the way for further research into blood lipid diagnostics and the impact of diet, diseases, and drugs on the parrot plasma lipidome.
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Le Faouder, Pauline, Julia Soullier, Marie Tremblay-Franco, Anthony Tournadre, Jean-François Martin, Yann Guitton, Caroline Carlé, Sylvie Caspar-Bauguil, Pierre-Damien Denechaud, and Justine Bertrand-Michel. "Untargeted Lipidomic Profiling of Dry Blood Spots Using SFC-HRMS." Metabolites 11, no. 5 (May 11, 2021): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11050305.
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Lipids are essential cellular constituents that have many critical roles in physiological functions. They are notably involved in energy storage and cell signaling as second messengers, and they are major constituents of cell membranes, including lipid rafts. As a consequence, they are implicated in a large number of heterogeneous diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, neurological disorders, and inherited metabolic diseases. Due to the high structural diversity and complexity of lipid species, the presence of isomeric and isobaric lipid species, and their occurrence at a large concentration scale, a complete lipidomic profiling of biological matrices remains challenging, especially in clinical contexts. Using supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry, we have developed and validated an untargeted lipidomic approach to the profiling of plasma and blood. Moreover, we have tested the technique using the Dry Blood Spot (DBS) method and found that it allows for the easy collection of blood for analysis. To develop the method, we performed the optimization of the separation and detection of lipid species on pure standards, reference human plasma (SRM1950), whole blood, and DBS. These analyses allowed an in-house lipid data bank to be built. Using the MS-Dial software, we developed an automatic process for the relative quantification of around 500 lipids species belonging to the 6 main classes of lipids (including phospholipids, sphingolipids, free fatty acids, sterols, and fatty acyl-carnitines). Then, we compared the method using the published data for SRM 1950 and a mouse blood sample, along with another sample of the same blood collected using the DBS method. In this study, we provided a method for blood lipidomic profiling that can be used for the easy sampling of dry blood spots.
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Zou, Zhi-yong, Yi-de Yang, Shuo Wang, Bin Dong, Xiao-hui Li, and Jun Ma. "The importance of blood lipids in the association between BMI and blood pressure among Chinese overweight and obese children." British Journal of Nutrition 116, no. 1 (May 12, 2016): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114516001744.
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AbstractWe aimed to examine the contribution of blood lipids to the association between BMI and blood pressure (BP) in children with overweight and obesity. Data were collected in elementary and high schools of Chaoyang District, Beijing, China in 2012. Participants’ weight, height, BP and fasting plasma lipid profile were measured by standard protocols. Mediation analysis was used to examine the mediation role of blood lipids on the relation between BMI and BP, with age included as a covariate. We found that in boys 8·29 % (mediation effect=0·106, P=0·012) of the association between BMI and systolic BP was mediated through TAG. TAG mediated 12·53 % (mediation effect=0·093, P=0·018) and LDL-cholesterol mediated 7·75 % (mediation effect=0·57, P=0·046) of the association between BMI and diastolic BP was mediated by TAG and LDL-cholesterol, respectively. However, blood lipids did not show the mediation effect in girls. Our findings suggested that there was a sex difference in the contribution of blood lipids to the association between BMI and BP. Controlling TAG or LDL-cholesterol may be beneficial for reducing the risk of the BMI-related high BP in overweight boys; however, this outcome is not the case when controlling TAG or LDL-cholesterol in girls. This study may provide clues to explore the underlying mechanism of the association between obesity and hypertension.
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Middelberg, Rita P., Nicholas G. Martin, and John B. Whitfield. "Longitudinal Genetic Analysis of Plasma Lipids." Twin Research and Human Genetics 9, no. 4 (August 1, 2006): 550–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/twin.9.4.550.
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AbstractThe consensus from published studies is that plasma lipids are each influenced by genetic factors, and that this contributes to genetic variation in risk of cardiovascular disease. Heritability estimates for lipids and lipoproteins are in the range .48 to .87, when measured once per study participant. However, this ignores the confounding effects of biological variation measurement error and ageing, and a truer assessment of genetic effects on cardiovascular risk may be obtained from analysis of longitudinal twin or family data. We have analyzed information on plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides, from 415 adult twins who provided blood on two to five occasions over 10 to 17 years. Multivariate modeling of genetic and environmental contributions to variation within and across occasions was used to assess the extent to which genetic and environmental factors have long-term effects on plasma lipids. Results indicated that more than one genetic factor influenced HDL and LDL components of cholesterol, and triglycerides over time in all studies. Nonshared environmental factors did not have significant long-term effects except for HDL. We conclude that when heritability of lipid risk factors is estimated on only one occasion, the existence of biological variation and measurement errors leads to underestimation of the importance of genetic factors as a cause of variation in long-term risk within the population. In addition our data suggest that different genes may affect the risk profile at different ages.
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Thurgood, Lauren A., Lara Escane, Christie A. Bader, Karen M. Lower, Doug A. Brooks, and Bryone J. Kuss. "Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia Relies on Lipid Scavenging and Synthesis As an Energy Source." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 3117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-120241.
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Abstract Dysregulation of cancer cell bioenergetics is one of the hallmarks of cancer. The Warburg effect is one such documented change. However, glucose metabolism is not universally increased in cancer cells. Uptake of radiolabelled glucose in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) fails as a marker of proliferation and the underlying reason is not well elucidated [Conte et al, 2014]. Using proteomic and comprehensive lipid analyses, the preferred metabolic pathways of CLL cells have been identified. We have previously shown by proteomic analysis that circulating peripheral blood CLL cells demonstrate a significant increase in the expression of proteins pivotal in endogenous lipid synthesis pathways compared to B-cells from healthy individuals. These include fatty acid synthase (+3.84 fold), farnesyl diphosphate synthase (+2.17 fold), ATP-citrate lyase (+4.63 fold), citrate synthase (+2.45 fold) and acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (+5.84 fold). Conversely, analysis of the proliferation centres in CLL lymph nodes reveals increased expression of proteins involved in beta-oxidation, such as hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (+2.02 fold). Additionally CLL cells shows a large increase in the levels of phospholipids found associated with lipid droplets compared to healthy B-cells, including phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylethanolamine. Our current studies have expanded these observations in an attempt to determine if CLL cells have a preponderance for endogenous synthesis of lipids or exogenous uptake. We performed a comprehensive analysis of CLL cells from the bone marrow and peripheral blood using a variety of techniques. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images demonstrate striking morphological differences between normal B-cells and CLL cells with the inclusion of lipid droplets in the cytoplasm of CLL cells (Figure 1A) which was most evident in peripheral CLL samples. These were confirmed to be lipid droplets by the specific marker Bodipy 493/503 on flow cytometry (Fig. 1B) and confocal microscopy imaging with ReZolveL1 which targets neutral lipids (Fig. 1C). These showed a substantially higher level of lipid droplet staining in CLL cells compared to normal B-cells. Additionally there was higher expression of CD36 in CLL cells which is the receptor for exogenous lipid uptake into cells (Fig 1D). TEM analysis also revealed a high number of lysosomes in CLL cells, which was confirmed with lysotracker imaging on confocal microscopy (Fig. 1E). Lysosomes are now emerging as key players in lipid transport and biogenesis [Thelen and Zoncu, 2017]. Lipid droplets may be broken down by a process called autophagy mediated lipid degradation, or lipophagy, which relies on autophagosomes delivering lipid droplets to lysosomes. Autophagosomes were observed in several further bone marrow samples (Fig. 1F). The bone marrow samples also showed evidence of 'condensed mitochondria', indicative of high rates of beta-oxidation [Rossignol et al, 2004]. qPCR was then carried out on 90 genes involved in lipid metabolism. These results revealed significant differences between healthy B-cells and CLL cells. All CLL samples analysed demonstrated high expression of PLIN1, which protects lipid droplets from degradation, and low expression of APOC1, which prevents fatty acid uptake. From these observations we propose that peripheral CLL cells scavenge lipids from the periphery, mainly by uptake via the CD36 receptor, and increased endogenous lipid synthesis pathways. These results underpin a model for metabolism and enhanced survival for CLL cells in the hypoxic and potentially nutrient poor bone marrow/lymph node microenvironments. Peripheral CLL cells scavenge lipids; these excess lipids, which are toxic to the cell, are stored in lipid droplets which are protected from degradation by a high expression of PLIN proteins. Once these cells circulate back to the bone marrow and lymph nodes to proliferate, the lipid droplets are degraded, likely by lipophagy and neutral lipolysis which frees fatty acids to be used in beta oxidation in the mitochondria to sustain cell proliferation in the bone marrow and lymph node compartments. Our results begin to unravel CLL bioenergetics and dysregulation of cellular metabolism that occurs in this disease. We are now investigating whether the manipulation of these pathways, particularly lipophagy, may represent a novel therapeutic approach in CLL. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Blood lipids – Analysis"
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Stroster, John A. "Meta-Analytic Assessment of Blood Lipid Response to Dietary Manipulation of Macronutrient Distribution." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293605.
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Incorporating the best findings from current, high-quality research into routine clinical practice is the basis of evidence-based care. Chapter 1: "Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Evidence-Based Care" is a review of the systematic review process, including meta-analysis, aimed at clinical professionals with limited statistical training. It advocates the use of the systematic review process, outlines some general techniques, and provides selected resources where individuals can acquire additional assistance. The typical steps involved include: formulating a clear research question, defining inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracting the data and assessing the study quality, summarizing and synthesizing the evidence, and then interpreting the findings. When effort is made to minimize bias and locate as many articles on a particular topic as possible, systematic reviews and meta-analyses can produce invaluable findings for evidence-based care. Chapter 2: "The Effect of Macronutrient Distribution on the Lipid Profile in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" describes a systematic review and meta-analysis that examined the impact total macronutrients had on blood lipid levels. This chapter builds upon the concepts introduced in chapter one, and assesses the effect of manipulating macronutrient distribution on the lipid profile of adults, and compares these effects to recommendations regarding macronutrients, such as the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs). Suggestions related to improving the quality of meta-analyses are also outlined, and supplemental analyses are provided at the end of the dissertation.
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Picasso, Maria C., Jessica A. Lo-Tayraco, Juselly M. Ramos-Villanueva, Vinay Pasupuleti, and Adrian V. Hernandez. "Effect of vegetarian diets on the presentation of metabolic syndrome or its components: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Churchill Livingstone, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624688.
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El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.Background & aims: Several studies have examined the effect of vegetarian diets (VD) on metabolic syndrome (MetS) or its components, but findings have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies to assess the association between VD and MetS or its components (systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], fasting glucose triglycerides, waist circumference [WC], HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C)) in adults. Methods: The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched. RCTs, cohort studies and cross-sectional studies evaluating the effects of VD on MetS or its components in adults, with omnivore diet as control group, were included. Random effects meta-analyses stratified by study design were employed to calculate pooled estimates. Results: A total of 71 studies (n = 103 008) met the inclusion criteria (6 RCTs, 2 cohorts, 63 cross-sectional). VD were not associated with MetS in comparison to omnivorous diet (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.50–1.85, p = 0.9) according to meta-analysis of five cross-sectional studies. Likewise, meta-analysis of RCTs and cohort studies indicated that consumption of VD were not associated with MetS components. Meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies demonstrated that VD were significantly associated with lower levels of SBP (mean difference [MD] −4.18 mmHg, 95%CI −5.57 to −2.80, p < 0.00001), DBP (MD −3.03 mmHg, 95% CI −4.93 to −1.13, p = 0.002), fasting glucose (MD −0.26 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.35to −0.17, p < 0.00001), WC (MD −1.63 cm, 95% CI −3.13 to −0.13, p = 0.03), and HDL-C (MD −0.05 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.07 to −0.03, p < 0.0001) in comparison to omnivorous diet. Heterogeneity of effects among cross-sectional studies was high. About, one-half of the included studies had high risk of bias. Conclusions: VD in comparison with omnivorous diet is not associated with a lower risk of MetS based on results of meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. The association between VD and lower levels of SBP, DBP, HDL-C, and fasting glucose is uncertain due to high heterogeneity across the cross-sectional studies. Larger and controlled studies are needed to evaluate the association between VD and MetS and its components.
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Alvim, Rafael de Oliveira. "Herdabilidade da velocidade de onda de pulso e associação do controle glicêmico e perfil lipídico com a rigidez arterial em uma população brasileira: \"Projeto Corações de Baependi\"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-06062016-135643/.
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INTRODUÇÃO:A rigidez arterial aumentada é um importante determinante do risco cardiovascular e um forte preditor de morbimortalidade. Além disso, estudos demonstram que o enrijecimento vascular pode estar associado a fatores genéticos e metabólicos. Portanto,os objetivos do presente estudo são determinar a herdabilidade da velocidade de onda de pulso (VOP) e avaliar a associação do perfil lipídico e do controle glicêmico com o fenótipo de rigidez arterial em uma população brasileira.MÉTODOS:Foram selecionados 1675 indivíduos (ambos os gêneros com idade entre 18 e 102 anos) distribuídos em 109 famílias residentes no município de Baependi-MG. A VOP carótida-femoral foi avaliada de forma não invasiva através de um dispositivo automático.As variáveis lipídicas e a glicemia de jejum foram determinadas pelo método enzimático colorimétrico. Os níveis de hemoglobina glicada (HbA1c) foram determinados pelo método de cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. As estimativas da herdabilidade da VOP foram calculadas utilizando-se a metodologia de componentes de variância implementadas no software SOLAR. RESULTADOS: A herdabilidade estimada para a VOP foi de 26%, sendo ajustada para idade, gênero, HbA1c e pressão arterial média. Os níveis de HbA1c foram associados a rigidez arterial, onde a elevação de uma unidade percentual da HbA1c representou um incremento de 54% na chance de risco para rigidez arterial aumentada. As variáveis lipídicas (LDL-c, HDL-c, colesterol não- HDL-c, colesterol total e triglicérides) apresentaram fraca correlação com a VOP. Além disso, uma análise de regressão linear estratificada para idade (ponto de corte >= 45 anos) demonstrou uma relação inversa entre LDL-c e VOP em mulheres com idade >= 45 anos. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados indicam que a VOP apresenta herdabilidade intermediária (26%); a HbA1c esta fortemente associada a rigidez arterial aumentada; o LDL-c é inversamente relacionado com a VOP em mulheres com idade >= 45 anos, possivelmente devido às alterações metabólicas associadas à falência ovarianaINTRODUCTION: Increased central arterial stiffness is an important determinant of cardiovascular risk and a strong predictor of morbimortality. Moreover, studies showed that vascular stiffening can be associated with genetic and metabolic factors. Thus, the aims of this study are to estimate the heritability of pulse wave velocity (PWV) and to assess the association of lipid profile and glycemic control with arterial stiffness in a sample from the Brazilian population. METHODS: For this study, 1675 individuals (both genders aged from 18 to 102 years) were selected and they were distributed within 109 families residents in the municipality of Baependi - MG. The PWV was measured with a non-invasive automatic device. Lipid profile parameters and fasting glucose were determined by enzymatic colorimetric method. HbA1c levels were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Variance component approaches implemented in the SOLAR software were applied to estimate the heritability of PWV. RESULTS: Heritability estimates for carotid-femoral PWV was 26%, after adjustment for age, gender, HbA1c, and mean blood pressure. HbA1c levels were associated with arterial stiffness and the elevation of a single unit percentage of HbA1c represented an increase of 54 % in the odds of increased arterial stiffness. The lipid variables (LDL-c, HDL-c, non-HDL-c, total cholesterol and triglycerides) presented weak correlation with PWV. In addition, a linear regression analysis stratified by age (cutoff >= 45 years) showed an inverse relation between LDL-c and PWV in women aged 45 or older. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that PWV demonstrated an intermediate heritability (26%); HbA1c proved to be a good marker for risk stratification for increased arterial stiffness; LDL-c was inversely related with PWV in women aged 45 or older, possibly due to the metabolic alterations associated with ovarian failure
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Rübsaamen, Katharina. "Lipidomic analysis of circulating human blood cells." kostenfrei, 2010. http://epub.uni-regensburg.de/13246/.
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Munroe, Patricia Bernadette. "Analysis of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism as candidates for essential hypertension." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321735.
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Fallatah, Weam. "Analysis of Mature and Young Thrombocytes in Zebrafish." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1248431/.
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Eukaryotic platelets are small cell fragments that are released into the bloodstream from megakaryocytes, and their production is initiated in the bone marrow. They are mainly involved in blood hemostasis and thrombus formation. The newly synthesized platelets are called reticulated platelets or young platelets. Zebrafish thrombocytes are equivalent to mammalian platelets and have similar characteristics and functions. Likewise, zebrafish has both young and mature thrombocytes. Only young thrombocytes as reticulated platelets are labeled with thiazole orange. Similarly, labeling zebrafish thrombocytes with a specific concentration of DiI-C18 showed two populations of thrombocytes (DiI+ and DiI-). Again, only young thrombocytes showed DiI+ labeling. The mechanism of selective labeling of young thrombocytes by is unknown. Furthermore, there is no zebrafish line where young and mature thrombocytes are differentially labeled with fluorescence proteins. Therefore, in this study, we identified and confirmed that the RFP labeled cells of Glofish were young thrombocytes. In addition, we found that myosin light chain 2 (MLC2) promoter is expressed in young thrombocytes. We also generated a transgenic zebrafish line, GloFli fish, where the young and mature thrombocytes are labeled with red and green fluorescence proteins respectively. Furthermore, this study showed a two-fold increase in glycerol-phospholipids (GP) in mature thrombocytes compared to young thrombocytes suggesting the lipid composition may be important for differential labeling. Therefore, we tested the liposomes prepared with different ratios of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and observed that the lower amounts of PE favor the DiI-C18 labeling whereas higher concentrations of PC are less efficient. Also, in both PE and PC, increased concentrations of both resulted in decreased binding. These results are consistent with our observation that mature thrombocytes have higher concentrations GP and thus DiI-C18 may not bind to them efficiently compared to young thrombocytes.
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Pfeiffer, Liliane [Verfasser], Jerzy [Akademischer Betreuer] Adamski, Heiko [Gutachter] Witt, and Jerzy [Gutachter] Adamski. "Genome-wide DNA methylation analyses of human blood lipid levels and functional analyses of lipid-associated CpG sites / Liliane Pfeiffer ; Gutachter: Heiko Witt, Jerzy Adamski ; Betreuer: Jerzy Adamski." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1152006355/34.
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Pinto, Joana Isabel Monteiro. "Healthy pregnancy and prenatal disorders followed by blood plasma metabolomics." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/14784.
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Doutoramento em BioquímicaThe work presented in this thesis aimed to investigate the impact of healthy pregnancy and selected prenatal disorders on the metabolome and lipidome of maternal blood plasma, in order to define new potential biomarkers for non-invasive prediction and diagnosis. Chapter 1 describes the present status and challenges of the clinically relevant prenatal disorders, along with a presentation of the metabolomics strategy applied and the state of the art of metabolomics in prenatal research. All experimental details are described in Chapter 2, comprising sample metadata, sample collection and preparation, data acquisition protocols and data analysis procedures. The plasma metabolome and lipidome viewed by 1D and 2D NMR experiments are presented in Chapter 3. In this chapter, the use of Multiple Quantum NMR spectroscopy was explored, for the first time, for assignment of complex lipid mixtures. Chapter 4 contributes to filling in some existing gaps regarding human plasma degradability during handling and storage, as well as the importance of fasting conditions at collection. The use of heparin collection tubes resulted in no interference of the polysaccharide and full conservation of spectral information, while EDTA tubes produced a number of interfering signals from free and Ca2+/Mg2+ complexed EDTA, the impact of which on metabolomic analysis is discussed. Regarding temperature stability, large changes in lipoproteins and choline compounds were observed in plasma kept at room temperature for 2.5 hours, whereas short-term storage at -20ºC was found suitable up to 7 days, with storage at -80ºC being recommended, particularly for long-term periods (at least up to 2.5 years). Regarding freeze-thaw cycles, no more than 3 consecutive cycles were found advisable, while the use of non-fasting conditions (instead of fasting) was found acceptable. Chapter 5 presents the first NMR metabolomics study of maternal plasma throughout pregnancy, including correlation between plasma and urine metabolites. Some of the metabolic alterations observed confirmed known metabolic effects, while novel changes were observed, suggesting adjustments in energy and gut microflora metabolisms (citrate, lactate and dimethyl sulfone) and alterations in glomerular filtration rate (creatine and creatinine). Correlations studies unveiled specific lipoprotein/protein metabolic aspects of healthy pregnancy with impact on the excreted metabolome, providing further understanding of pregnancy metabolism. In Chapter 6, the impact of prenatal disorders on maternal plasma metabolome and lipidome is described for fetal chromosomal disorders (CD), including Trisomy 21 (T21). High classification rates were obtained for CD (88-89%) and T21 (85-92%) in 1st and 2nd trimesters, based on variable selection of NMR data. In addition, novel metabolic deviations were found through plasma/urine correlations, namely in low density and very low density lipoproteins (LDL+VLDL), sugar and gut microflora metabolisms. Changes in plasma phospholipid profile, namely in phosphatidylcholines, were further confirmed and characterised by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HILIC-LC/MS). In Chapter 7, metabolic biomarkers of pre- and post-diagnosis GDM were sought by NMR metabolomics of whole maternal plasma and plasma lipid profile in the 2nd trimester. Metabolic alterations found to be predictive of GDM comprised increases in cholesterol, fatty acids, triglycerides and small metabolites changes in glucose, amino acids, betaine, urea, creatine and metabolites related with gut microflora. Post-diagnosis GDM was successfully classified using a 26-resonance plasma biomarker corresponding to 10 metabolites and lipids, advancing the possibility of using a multi-metabolite biomarker as a complementary tool in the clinical management of GDM. Chapter 8 describes the results obtained for prenatal disorders shown to have lower impact on maternal plasma metabolome, namely diagnosed fetal malformations and pre-diagnosis premature rupture of membranes, preterm delivery and preeclampsia. Finally, Chapter 9 describes the general conclusions and future perspectives in the context of this thesis, highlighting how this work contributes with new knowledge on prenatal disease mechanisms and possible biomarkers for prenatal diagnosis and prediction methods.
O trabalho apresentado nesta tese teve como principal objetivo investigar o impacto da gravidez saudável e algumas doenças pré-natais no metaboloma e lipidoma de plasma sanguíneo materno, com vista à definição de novos biomarcadores para a previsão e diagnóstico não invasivos daquelas doenças. O Capítulo 1 descreve a perspectiva atual e os desafios das doenças pré-natais mais relevantes, assim como a estratégia metabolómica e estado da arte na investigação pré-natal. Todos os detalhes experimentais do trabalho realizado estão descritos no Capítulo 2, incluindo as condições de amostragem, recolha e preparação das amostras, bem como os protocolos de aquisição e análise dos dados. No Capítulo 3 descreve-se o metaboloma e lipidoma de plasma detectados por RMN 1D e 2D. Neste capítulo, a utilização de espectroscopia de RMN de quantum-múltiplo foi explorada, pela primeira vez, para caracterização de misturas lipídicas complexas. O Capítulo 4 contribui para colmatar algumas falhas no conhecimento sobre a degradibilidade do plasma humano durante o manuseamento da amostra e armazenamento, e a importância de condições de colheita como o jejum. A utilização de tubos de colheita com heparina não mostrou interferência do polissacarídeo nos espectros conservando-se toda a informação espectral, enquanto que os tubos com EDTA deram origem a sinais interferentes provenientes do EDTA livre e complexado com Ca2+/Mg2+, cujo impacto na análise metabolómica é discutido. Relativamente à estabilidade do plasma à temperatura ambiente, foram observadas alterações nas lipoproteínas e compostos de colina a partir de 2.5 horas, enquanto que o armazenamento a -20ºC mostrou ser adequado até 7 dias, sendo o armazenamento a -80ºC aconselhado, particularmente para períodos de tempo longos (pelo menos até 2.5 anos). Relativamente aos ciclos de congelação-descongelação, não se aconselham mais de 3 ciclos consecutivos, enquanto que o efeito da colheita das amostras em não-jejum (em vez de jejum) foi considerado aceitável. O Capítulo 5 apresenta o primeiro estudo de metabolómica por RMN do plasma materno ao longo da gravidez, incluindo correlação entre plasma e urina. Algumas das alterações metabólicas observadas confirmaram efeitos metabólicos conhecidos, tendo outras sido observadas pela primeira vez sugerindo alterações no metabolismo energético, na microflora bacteriana (citrato, lactato e dimetil sulfona) e na taxa de filtração glomerular (creatina e creatinina). Os estudos de correlação revelaram aspetos metabólicos específicos das lipoproteínas/proteínas com impacto no metaboloma excretado. No Capítulo 6 descreve-se o impacto das doenças cromossómicas (CD), incluindo Trissomia 21 (T21) no metaboloma e lipidoma de plasma materno. Obtiveram-se elevadas taxas de classificação para CD (88-89%) e T21 (85-92%) no 1º e 2º trimestres baseadas na seleção de variáveis dos dados de RMN. A correlação de plasma e urina revelou novos desvios metabólicos, nomeadamente no metabolismo das lipoproteínas de baixa densidade e de muito baixa densidade (LDL+VLDL), dos açúcares e da microflora bacteriana. As alterações observadas no perfil de fosfolípidos do plasma, nomeadamente das fosfatidilcolinas, foram confirmadas e caracterizadas por cromatografia liquida hidrofílica acoplada a espetrometria de massa (HILIC-LC/MS). No Capítulo 7 apresentam-se os resultados obtidos na prospecção de biomarcadores metabólicos de diabetes mellitus gestacional (GDM) pré- e pós-diagnóstico por metabolómica de RMN de plasma materno do 2º trimestre. Observaram-se alterações metabólicas com poder de previsão de GDM, nomeadamente um aumento no colesterol, ácidos gordos, triglicerídeos e pequenas variações metabólicas na glucose, aminoácidos, betaína, ureia, creatina e metabolitos relacionados com a microflora bacteriana. O grupo de GDM pós-diagnóstico foi bem classificado utilizando como biomarcador um conjunto de 26 ressonâncias do espectro de plasma correspondendo a lípidos e 10 metabolitos de baixo peso molecular, sugerindo-se a possibilidade de usar este marcador conjunto na gestão clínica da GDM. O Capítulo 8 descreve os resultados obtidos para as doenças pré-natais que mostraram ter um menor impacto no metaboloma de plasma materno, nomeadamente as malformações fetais (FM), e os estados de pré-diagnóstico da rutura prematura das membranas (PROM), parto pré-termo (PTD) e pré-eclampsia. Finalmente, no Capítulo 9 são descritas as conclusões gerais e perspetivas futuras no contexto desta tese, realçando-se como este trabalho contribui para o novo conhecimento dos mecanismos das doenças pré-natais e possíveis biomarcadores para a sua previsão e diagnóstico.
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Sutherland, Sarah C. "Characteristics Associated with Neonatal Carnitine Levels: A Systematic Review & Clinical Database Analysis." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23744.
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Newborn screening programs measure analyte levels in neonatal blood spots to identify individuals at high risk of disease. Carnitine and acylcarnitine levels are primary markers used in the detection of fatty acid oxidation disorders. These analytes may be influenced by certain pre/perinatal or newborn screening related factors. The primary objective of this study was to explore the association between these characteristics and levels of blood carnitines and acylcarnitines in the newborn population. The study was composed of two parts: a systematic review and a clinical database analysis of existing newborn screening data. The systematic review results suggested considerable variability across studies in the presence and directionality of associations between analyte levels and birth weight, gestational age, age at time of blood spot collection, type of sample, and storage time. Sex was not significantly associated with carnitine or acylcarnitine levels in neonatal blood. We identified a need to more fully investigate a potential interaction between gestational age and birth weight in regard to analyte levels. The secondary data analyses indicated a statistically significant relationship between analyte levels and all perinatal / infant and newborn screening related factors of interest, but effect sizes were generally small. The interaction between gestational age and birth weight was significant in all models; when further explored through graphical analysis with conditional means, extremely premature neonates stood out as having distinct analyte patterns in relation to birth weight. Variation in the ratio of total acylcarnitine to free carnitine was better accounted for by the perinatal and newborn factors than was variation in any individual carnitine or acylcarnitine, indicating that proportions of carnitine and acylcarnitines may be more important in understanding an individual’s metabolic functioning than individual analyte levels. A low proportion of variation was explained in all multivariate models, supporting the use of universal algorithms in newborn screening and suggesting the need for further large scale empirical research targeted at previously unaccounted for perinatal factors such as birth stress.
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Anderson, Frank. "Dyslipidaemic pancreatitis : clinical assessment and analysis of disease severity and outcomes." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2050.
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Introduction: The relationship between pancreatitis and dyslipidaemia is unclear and has never been studied in a South African context. Patients and methods: A prospective evaluation of all admissions with acute pancreatitis to a regional hospital general surgical service was performed to ascertain its relationship to dyslipidaemia. Aetiology was determined by history and ultrasound assessment. Disease severity was assessed using a modified Imrie score and an organ failure score. Body mass index was calculated. A lipid profile was obtained. Abnormal profiles were repeated. Secondary causes of dyslipidaemia were noted. A comparison of the demographic profile, aetiology, disease severity scores, complications and deaths were made in relationship to the lipid profiles. Results: From June 2001 to May 2005, there were 230 admissions, of whom 31% were women and 69% men. The median age was 38 years(range 13- 73). The pancreatitis was associated with alcohol in 146(63%), gallstones in 42(19%) and idiopathic in 27(12%). The amylase was significantly higher with a gallstone aetiology (pThesis (MMedSc)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2006.
Books on the topic "Blood lipids – Analysis"
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Kurt, Widhalm, and Naito Herbert K, eds. Detection and treatment of lipid and lipoprotein disorders of childhood: Proceedings of the Third International Atherosclerosis Conference, held in Vienna, Austria, April 4-9, 1983. New York: Liss, 1985.
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Nader, Rifai, and Warnick G. Russell, eds. Laboratory measurement of lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins. Washington, D.C: AACC Press, 1994.
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(Editor), Nader Rifai, G. Russell Warnick (Editor), and Marek H. Dominiczak (Editor), eds. Handbook of Lipoprotein Testing. 2nd ed. AACC Press, 2001.
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Detection and treatment of lipid and lipoprotein disorders of childhood: Proceedings of the Third International Atherosclerosis Conference, held in Vienna, Austria, April 4-9, 1983. Liss, 1985.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Blood lipids – Analysis"
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Tewes, Bernhard J., and Hans-Joachim Galla. "Membrane Fractionation of Brain Capillary Endothelial Cells and Analysis of Lipid Polarity." In Biology and Physiology of the Blood-Brain Barrier, 97–101. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9489-2_17.
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Barden, Anne, and Trevor A. Mori. "GC-MS Analysis of Lipid Oxidation Products in Blood, Urine, and Tissue Samples." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 283–92. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7592-1_21.
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Lee, Yiu Yiu, and Jetty Chung-Yung Lee. "LC-MS/MS Analysis of Lipid Oxidation Products in Blood and Tissue Samples." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 83–92. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7592-1_6.
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"Genetic Principles." In DNA Fingerprinting, edited by Lorne t. Kirby. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780716770015.003.0005.
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Genetics is the study of heredity. Each individual’s makeup, or phenotype, is determined by nature and modified by environmental factors. DNA identity analysis is based strictly on heredity, and only in the rare case where a human had a bone marrow transplant would the white blood cell genotype differ from that inherited. Difficulties can arise with specimens because of DNA degradation or contamination by extraneous materials, and mixed cell populations could be present in tumorous tissue. The analyst must always be cognizant of these complicating factors. The concept of the gene was advanced by the Moravian monk Gregor Mendel in 1865 based on observations he made after crossing different varieties of garden peas; these experiments are considered the beginning of the discipline of genetics. (The term gene was actually coined by the Danish plant scientist W. Johannsen in the early 1900s.) Mendel formulated two laws. The law of segregation or separation states that two members of each gene pair (alleles) in a diploid organism separate to different gametes during sex cell formation. The law of independent assortment states that members of different pairs of alleles, if located on separate chromosomes or far apart on the same homologous chromosome pair, assort independently into gametes. These laws are basic to the understanding of biological family relationships and play a critical role in such contemporary issues as paternity testing and immigration disputes. The basic unit of life is the cell. Cells are microfactories in which raw materials (amino acids, simple carbohydrates, lipids, and trace elements) are received, new substances (proteins, complex lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids) are produced, and wastes are removed. The thousands of different enzymes required for the myriad ongoing chemical reactions are key to the efficient functioning of cells. Each cell has the ability to self-replicate using the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) code as the blueprint, raw materials as building blocks, and enzymes as catalysts. It has been estimated that the average human being is composed of approximately 100 trillion cells—a considerable amount of DNA.
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Alhassan, Sofiya, and Peter Grandjean. "Essential Laboratory Methods for Blood Lipid and Lipoprotein Analysis." In Lipid Metabolism and Health, 117–45. CRC Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420038422.ch7.
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Sah, Puspalata, and Kandarpa Kumar Sarma. "Bloodless Technique to Detect Diabetes using Soft Computational Tool." In Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing, 139–58. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8493-5.ch006.
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Detection of diabetes using bloodless technique is an important research issue in the area of machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI). Here we present the working of a system designed to detect the abnormality of the eye with pain and blood free method. The typical features for diabetic retinopathy (DR) are used along with certain soft computing techniques to design such a system. The essential components of DR are blood vessels, red lesions visible as microaneurysms, hemorrhages and whitish lesions i.e., lipid exudates and cotton wool spots. The chapter reports the use of a unique feature set derived from the retinal image of the eye. The feature set is applied to a Support Vector Machine (SVM) which provides the decision regarding the state of infection of the eye. The classification ability of the proposed system for blood vessel and exudate is 91.67% and for optic disc and microaneurysm is 83.33%.
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Saltzman, W. Mark. "Tissue Barriers to Molecular and Cellular Transport." In Tissue Engineering. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195141306.003.0014.
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Previous chapters have revealed the importance of molecular diffusion in tissue engineering. Molecules—and gradients of molecules—may represent the underlying mechanism of tissue induction and pattern formation (Chapter 3); growth factors—and the rate of delivery of growth factors to a cell surface—can influence the rate of cell proliferation (Chapter 4); chemoattractants can influence the rate and pattern of cell migration within a tissue space (Chapter 7). To think quantitatively about these processes, it is often helpful to think about molecular concentrations and the spatial variations in concentration that produce diffusion fluxes. This idea has been illustrated earlier in the book for specific examples such as bicoid gradient formation in the insect embryo (Section 3.3.4) and ligand diffusion to the cell surface (Section 4.3.2). Some of the basic concepts of molecular transport are also reviewed in Appendix B. But tissues are often heterogeneous structures, formed by the assembly of cells and the accumulation of matrix materials in the extracellular space. The heterogeneous composition of tissues can have a dramatic influence on local rates of molecular movement through the tissue; capillary endothelial cells prevent the diffusion of intravascular proteins into the tissue interstitial space, for example. This chapter discusses this concept and provides quantitative methods for evaluating rates of molecular movement between tissue spaces that are separated by diffusive barriers. In addition, the last section of the chapter shows how this same analysis may be useful when thinking about rates of cellular movement between tissue compartments. In multicellular organisms, thin lipid membranes serve as semipermeable barriers between aqueous compartments. The plasma membrane of the cell separates the cytoplasm from the extracellular space; endothelial cell membranes separate the blood within the vascular space from the rest of the tissue. Properties of the lipid membrane are critically important in regulating the movement of molecules between aqueous spaces. While certain barrier properties of membranes can be attributed to the lipid components, accessory molecules within the cell membrane—particularly transport proteins and ion channels—control the rate of permeation of many solutes.
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Sadykova, Dinara, Liliia Galimova, Evgeniia Slastnikova, Zulfiia Khabibrakhmanova, and Natalya Guseva. "Arterial Stiffness Assessment in Children with Familial Hypercholesterolemia." In Management of Dyslipidemia. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96018.
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Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is the genetic disease which characterized by an increase of level total cholesterol and low density lipoproteins since childhood. The aim of the study was to assess arterial stiffness in children with heterozygous FH by measuring the pulse wave velocity (PWV) in the aorta. The study involved 118 children, 60 healthy children in the control group and 58 children with heterozygous FH in the main group. Both groups were divided into 3 age subgroups: 5–7 years old, 8–12 years old and 13–17 years old. The diagnosis of FH was made using British criteria by Simon Broome. The lipid profile was determined for all children, blood pressure was monitored daily with an estimate of the minimum, mean and maximum PWV (PWVmin, mean PWV, PWVmax) in aorta using oscillometric method. Correlation analysis in patients with FH revealed direct correlation between PWVmin, mean PWV and PWVmax with total cholesterol (r = 0.46, r = 0.46 and r = 0.464, respectively, p < 0.001). The study demonstrates an increase in the PWV in the aorta in children with FH compared with healthy peers from 8–12 years of age and a progression of arterial stiffness most significant in the group of 13–17 years.
Conference papers on the topic "Blood lipids – Analysis"
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Chai, Chen-Ket, Ali C. Akyildiz, Lambert Speelman, Frank J. H. Gijsen, Cees W. J. Oomens, Marc R. H. M. van Sambeek, Aad van der Lugt, and Frank P. T. Baaijens. "Local Anisotropic Mechanical Behavior of Human Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques: Characterization Using Indentation Test and Inverse Finite Element Analysis." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14014.
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Atherosclerosis is a disorder of the arterial wall. The vessel wall is invaded by lipids and inflammatory cells which can lead to thickening of the arterial wall and eventually to formation of a vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque. Such a vulnerable plaque consists of intraplaque hemorrhage, inflammatory cells, a lipid rich necrotic core (LRNC) and a thin fibrous cap separating the thrombogenic LRNC from the blood stream. The thin fibrous cap is prone to rupture, which can cause thrombus formation and subsequent embolization of thrombus into distal vessels or acute occlusion. This is the major cause of stroke and myocardial infarction.
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Damirchi, Behzad, Amir Rouhollahi, Salman Sohrabi, and Seyyed Mahdi Nemati Mehr. "Modeling and Stability Analysis of Truncated High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) System Using Martini Coarse Grain Technique." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-64808.
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Lipoproteins are biochemical compounds containing both proteins and lipids. These particles carry chemicals like cholesterol and triglycerides that are not soluble in aqueous solutions. This paper presents modeling of lipoprotein system using coarse grain molecular dynamics technique and stability analysis of this system in a water solution like blood. A high density lipoprotein (HDL) that consists of two annular monomers is modeled. Also there are lipid bilayers located in center of the rings, so the whole HDL and lipid bilayers are called lipoprotein system. First, all atom model is provided and then coarse-grain model is obtained using MARTINI technique. Modeling of the system in all atom and coarse-grain is performed by VMD and simulation is executed by NAMD. System is simulated for 400ns with time step of 20fs in NPT ensemble. System temperature assumed similar to normal human body temperature. Finally the structure shape and stability of system were considered and results were analyzed.
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Heiremans, J., M. Claeys, and A. G. Herman. "DETERMINATION OF CHOLESTERYL HYDROXYOCTADBCADIENOATES IN VASCULAR TISSUE BY HPLC AND ITS RELEVANCE TO ATHEROSCLEROSIS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643084.
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Accumulation of lipids in the intimal arterial layer, and of cholesterol esters in particular, has been recognised as an early and prominent phenomenon in atherogenesis. Several attempts have been made to link putative peroxidation of these lipids in vivo to causal or deteriorating etiological determinants of plaque formation. The occurrence in advanced human atheromata of oxidized derivatives of cholesteryl linoleate -a major polyunsaturated cholesterol ester species in plasma and vessel wall - has been described by Brooks et al. (Atherosclerosis, 1970,13,223) and a positive correlation between the amount of cholesteryl hydroxyoctadecadienoates (CHODES) and the stage of the lesion has also been reported. In addition Funk and Powell (J. Biol. Chem., 1985,260,7481) have found hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids in normal aorta of different species, wich were strikingly increased after alkaline hydrolysis of total lipids, and this in contrast with the arachidonic acid analogs. The aim of this study was to develop a sensitive and practical method for specific assay of CHODES, without resorting to laborious saponification and derivatisation procedures required for gas chromatographic analysis, which could moreover augment the risk for artefacts.Dog thoracal aorta was homogenised and lipids were extracted using the Folch method with CHCl3/CH30H;2/l containing 0.05mM butylated hydroxytoluene. Fractionation of CHODES from neutral lipids was carried out by thin-layer chromatography. For detection and quantification a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPI/2) assay method was developed, with UV monitoring at 232nm , a wavelength characteristic for conjugated dienes with vicinal hydroxyl function. Reference compounds and the internal standard for HPLC analysis were synthesized from linoleic acid and 10,13,16-docosatrienoic acid, respectively, by preparation of hydroxy fatty acids with soybean lipoxygenase and subsequent esterification to cholesterol esters with pancreas cholesterol esterase. Confirmation of the structural identity was obtained by mass spectrometry. Artefactual formation of CHODES ex vivo was investigated by subjecting radiolabeled cholesteryl linoleate through the analysis procedure. This method allows the specific detection of CHODES in non-atherosclerotic arteries which was hitherto only reported for human advanced atherosclerotic lesions and is proposed as a sensitive and specific probe for prospective survey of lipid peroxidation in atherosclerotic blood vessels.
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Schaub, R. G., and F. P. Bell. "LIPID ACCUMULATION AND METABOLISM IN CARRAGEENAN-INDUCED GRANULOMAS COMPARED TO BLOOD MONOCYTES AND THE AORTA." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643410.
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Arteries undergoing atherogenic change show an increase in cholesteryl esterifying activity by acylCoA:cholesterol acetyl-transferase (ACAT) and a progressive accumulation of cholesterol esters within monocyte derived foam cells. The study of these factors, however, is limited by the necessity of obtaining artery tissues for analysis. In this study, an in vivo model (Am J Path 118:134 and 120:391, 1985) which permits the analysis of foam cell development without requiring collection of aortas was examined in more detail. New Zealand rabbits (6 each) were either maintained on a 1% cholesterol/peanut oil diet (HD) or a regular chow diet (RD) for 2 weeks after which each had 15 ml of a 1% carra-geenan gel (Marine Colloids) injected subcutaneously into the mid-abdominal area. The rabbits were maintained on their respective diets for an additional 4 weeks. At sacrifice, blood was collected for both serum and monocyte isolation. Granulomas and aortic arches were also excised. Tissues were assayed for lipid accumulation and metabolism. Electron and light microscopy was also performed on immersion fixed (1% glutaraldehyde) granuloma tissue. Granulomas of HD rabbits were pale yellow and averaged 36 grams, while RD granulomas were a pale red and averaged 11 grams (p less than 0.05). RD granulomas did not stain with oil red 0. HD granulomas had homogenous oil red 0 staining which indicated lipid accumulation. Both RD and HD granulomas had large numbers of macrophages. RD macrophages accumulated follicular carrageenan, but not lipid. In HD granulomas, foam cell development was observed. Granuloma lipid content and metabolism paralleled the aorta and blood monocytes. The HD tissue had increased ACAT activity and lipid composition changes indicative of atherosclerosis. RD granulomas had no elevation of lipid content or ACAT activity. The results suggest that the carrageenan-induced granulomas provides a useful model for studying the biochemical and morphologic changes characteristic of aortic monocyte-derived foam cells and the early arterial atherosclerotic process.
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Fontanili, Luca, Massimo Milani, Luca Montorsi, Letizia Scurani, and Francesco Fabbri. "An Engineering Approach to Model Blood Cells Electrical Characteristics: From Biological to Digital-Twin." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23583.
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Abstract Some of the most effective methods to separate circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from normal blood cells can be implemented using ultra-filtration, and/or electro-magnetic fields. As well known, each biological cell presents, on both sides of its membrane, different concentrations of ionic species that produce an electric charge concentration with respect to the lipid double layer (impermeable to ions). In this way, the bio-cell can be seen as an electric capacitor, which has the lipid double layer acting as an insulator inserted between two conductive plates, concentrated on the lipid double layer inner and outer surfaces. In this paper, firstly, the electrical capacitor equivalent system is used to treat different types of bio-cells normally flowing in blood vessels (red blood cells, lymphocytes and various types of CTCs-like), and to transform their biological characteristics into digital twin information useful for engineering applications. After, the preliminary 3D geometric analysis of the bio-cells shapes allowed to associate each bio-cell to a different capacitor model, and to predict the electric-equivalent dimensions characterizing its electric behavior. Finally, the equivalent capacitor model is used to study the influence of bio-cells characteristics variation on human blood cells, with particular attention devoted to liver and lung CTCs-like ones.
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Rui, Liu, Chen Ziwen, and Liu Chang. "Meta-analysis of Yam's Effects on Liver Injury Protection and Blood Lipid-lowering." In the third International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3340037.3340053.
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Huang, Yongcun, Wentao Huang, and Ling Yu. "Analysis of the Clinical Significance of the Blood Lipid Test in Patients with Diabetes." In 2015 International Forum on Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/bme-15.2015.2.
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Tang, Dalin, Chun Yang, Shunichi Kobayashi, and David N. Ku. "Quantifying Effects of Controlling Factors on Flow and Stress Distribution in Stenotic Arteries With Lipid Cores." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41113.
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2D and 3D multi-physics experiment-based nonlinear models with fluid-structure interactions (FSI) and structure-structure interactions (SSI) are introduced to model blood flow and stress/strain distributions in stenotic arteries with lipid pools. Material properties for the vessel and plaque are based on experimental measurements and information available in the literature (Huang et. al., 2001; Tang et. al., 2001). The Navier-Stokes equations are used as the governing equations for the fluid. Mooney-Rivlin models are used for both arteries and lipid cores. A well-tested finite element package ADINA is used to solve the models to perform flow and stress/strain analysis. Our results indicate that artery plaque stress/strain distributions are affected considerably (50%–400% or even more) by vessel material properties, stenosis severity and eccentricity, tube axial pre-stretch, pressure conditions, lipid core material property, size, position and geometry, and fluid-structure and structure-structure (vessel wall and lipid core) interactions. Differences in model assumptions and controlling factor specifications must be taken into consideration when interpreting the significance of computational results.
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Ward, M., T. Pavlina, R. Butchin, R. Johnson, and R. Cotter. "RAPID ONSET INHIBITION OF AFRICAN GREEN MONKEY PLATELETS AFTER INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION OF A MARINE OIL LIPID EMULSION." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643386.
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To evaluate how rapidly and to what extent a lipid emulsion rich in n-3 fatty acids could alter platelet function, six male juvenile African Green Monkeys (4-6 kg) were given a 6-hour IV continuous infusion of a 10% marine oil (MO) lipid emulsion (5 ml /kg/hr). Following a 21-day washout period, the same monkeys were given a similar infusion of a 10% soybean oil (SO) lipid emulsion (TRAVAMULSION®, Travenol Labs). Blood samples were collected pre-infusion, and at 6, 12, and 24 hours following initiation of infusion, upon which the following were measured: whole blood platelet aggregation and thromboxane B2 release following collagen activation, platelet count, and platelet total fatty acid composition (pre-infusion and 24 hrs only). Lipid Emulsion Fatty Acid Composition: mg/ml(% total F.A.) Both emulsions elicited comparable reductions in both platelet aggregation and thromboxane B2 release immediately following infusion (6 hr). Platelet aggregation response after MO was significantly less than that after SO at both 12 (pc.001) and 24 hrs (p<.001), and thromboxane B2 release was significantly less after MO vs SO at 24 hrs (p<.03). Platelet counts remained unchanged after both treatments. Platelet total fatty acid analyses revealed significant increases in % total F.A. for C20:5 [1.87(pre) vs 4.79(24hr); p<.005] and for C22:6 [1.09(pre) vs 3.15(24hr); p<.001] and significant decreases in % total F.A. for C18:2 [8.94(pre) vs 7.77(24hr); p<.05] and C20:4 [22.6(pre) vs 19.6(24hr) p<.05], following infusion of M0. Following infusion of SO, the % total F.A. change in C22:6 was the only one of significance [0.85(pre) vs 1.25(24hr); p<.05]. This was attributed to the C18:3 in the SO lipid emulsion. Whereas the IV infusion of an n-6 rich lipid emulsion has little effect upon platelet fatty acid composition and function, similar administration of an n-3 rich lipid emulsion markedly reduces platelet function and effects a significant increase in the n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratio of the platelets.
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Shimizu, Yasutomo, Lei Liu, Hiroyuki Kosukegawa, Kenichi Funamoto, Toshiyuki Hayase, Toshio Nakayama, and Makoto Ohta. "Deformation of Stenotic Blood Vessel Model Made From Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Hydrogel by Hydrostatic Pressure." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66657.
Full textAbstract:
Vascular plaque deformation reduces blood flow, increases arterial embolism risk, and may lead to ischemic stroke. Plaque stiffness varies widely and is an important factor influencing both plaque and parent artery deformation. These geometric changes affect local hemodynamics, which impact plaque initiation influencing disease progression. However, most previous studies used non-elastic stenotic vessel models. For more realistic analysis, we constructed a stenosis model comprising an elastic poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogel (PVA-H) parent artery and plaque of variable stiffness. Our previous study using this flexible model demonstrated substantial effects of hydrostatic pressure. Here ultrasonography was conducted under changing hydrostatic pressure to measure geometric changes at the narrowest cross section. PVA-H specimens were constructed with the stiffness of a hard lipid core, smooth muscle, and plaque, as estimated by tensile tests using 5, 12, and 15 wt% PVA, respectively. The change in cross-sectional aspect ratio (height/face length) at the narrowest site is largest (∼1.3) for the 5 wt% PVA-H plaque and smallest (∼1.2) for the 12 wt% PVA-H plaque. Stenotic artery deformation depends on both artery and plaque elasticity. Hydrostatic pressure has a substantial effect on both vessel and plaque geometries, which markedly alter blood flow.
Reports on the topic "Blood lipids – Analysis"
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Cai, Ruping, Yuli Xu, and Qiang Su. Meta-analysis of blood lipid reduction for patients with coronary heart disease by combination of pitavastatin and ezetimibe. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.5.0072.
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Sun, Chuihua, Huihui Wan, Jun Yang, Changhui Zhou, and Xiaoli Wang. Efficacy of Salviae miltiorrhizae and ligustrazine hydrochloride injection on NIHSS, activity of daily living, hemorheology and blood lipid indexes in patients with with acute ischemic stroke: protocol for a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.8.0039.
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