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Academic literature on the topic 'Blood oxygenator'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 24 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Blood oxygenator"

1

Ratnaningsih, Enny, Putu T. P. Aryanti, Nurul F. Himma, et al. "Membrane Oxygenator for Extracorporeal Blood Oxygenation." Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences 53, no. 5 (2021): 210502. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.5.2.

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Extracorporeal blood oxygenation has become an alternative to supply O2 and remove CO2 from the bloodstream, especially when mechanical ventilation provides insufficient oxygenation. The use of a membrane oxygenator offers the advantage of lower airway pressure than a mechanical ventilator to deliver oxygen to the patient’s blood. However, research and development are still needed to find appropriate membrane materials, module configuration, and to optimize hydrodynamic conditions for achieving high efficient gas transfer and excellent biocompatibility of the membrane oxygenator. This review aims to provide a comprehensive description of the basic principle of the membrane oxygenator and its development. It also discusses the role and challenges in the use of membrane oxygenators for extracorporeal oxygenation on respiratory and cardiac failure patients.

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Zakhary, Bishoy, Jayne Sheldrake, and Vincent Pellegrino. "Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and V/Q ratios: an ex vivo analysis of CO2 clearance within the Maquet Quadrox-iD oxygenator." Perfusion 35, no. 1_suppl (2020): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267659120906767.

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While hypercapnia is typically well treated with modern membrane oxygenators, there are cases where respiratory acidosis persists despite maximal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. To better understand the physiology of gas exchange within the membrane oxygenator, CO2 clearance within an adult Maquet Quadrox-iD oxygenator was evaluated at varying blood CO2 tensions and V/Q ratios in an ex vivo extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuit. A closed blood-primed circuit incorporating two Maquet Quadrox-iD oxygenators in series was attached to a Maquet PLS Rotaflow pump. A varying blend of CO2 and air was connected to the first oxygenator to provide different levels of pre-oxygenator blood CO2 levels (PvCO2) to the second oxygenator. Varying sweep gas flows of 100% O2 were connected to the second oxygenator to provide different V/Q ratios. Exhaust CO2 was directly measured, and then VCO2 and oxygenator dead space fraction (VD/VT) were calculated. VCO2 increased with increasing gas flow rates with plateauing at V/Q ratios greater than 4.0. Exhaust CO2 increased with PvCO2 in a linear fashion with the slope of the line decreasing at high V/Q ratios. Oxygenator dead space fraction varied with V/Q ratio—at lower ratios, dead space fraction was 0.3-0.4 and rose to 0.8-0.9 at ratios greater than 4.0. Within the Maquet Quadrox-iD oxygenator, CO2 clearance is limited at high V/Q ratios and correlated with elevated oxygenator dead space fraction. These findings have important implications for patients requiring high levels of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support.

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Hendrix, Rik H. J., Eva R. Kurniawati, Sanne F. C. Schins, Jos G. Maessen, and Patrick W. Weerwind. "Dynamic oxygenator blood volume during prolonged extracorporeal life support." PLOS ONE 17, no. 2 (2022): e0263360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263360.

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Current methods for identification of oxygenator clotting during prolonged extracorporeal life support include visual inspection, evaluation of oxygenator resistance and oxygen exchange performance, and assessment of clotting-related laboratory parameters. However, these observations do not provide a quantitative assessment of oxygenator clot formation. By measuring changes in the dynamic oxygenator blood volume this study aimed to evaluate the relation to oxygenator resistance and oxygen transfer performance. Sixty-seven oxygenators were studied during adult extracorporeal life support. Oxygenator blood volume, oxygenator resistance, and oxygen transfer efficiency were monitored. Oxygenator blood volume decreased with increasing runtime (r = -0.462; p <0.001). There was a statistically significant, fair negative correlation between oxygenator blood volume and oxygenator resistance (r = -0.476; p<0.001) in all oxygenators, which became stronger analyzing only exchanged oxygenators (r = -0.680; p<0.001) and oxygenators with an oxygenator blood volume <187 mL (r = 0.831; p<0.001). No relevant correlation between oxygenator blood volume and O2 transfer was found. Oxygenator blood volume declined over time and was clearly associated with an increasing oxygenator resistance during prolonged extracorporeal life support, though O2 transfer was less affected.

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Van Meurs, Krisa P., Gerald T. Mikesell, Joseph P. Hearty, Winslow R. Seale, Oswaldo Rivera, and Billie L. Short. "In Vitro Testing of the 0.6 M² SciMed Membrane Oxygenator for Use in Neonatal Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation." Journal of ExtraCorporeal Technology 23, no. 2 (1991): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ject/1991232049.

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Prior to the introduction of the 0.6 M2 SciMed membrane oxygenator, the 0.8 M2 membrane was the only oxygenator FDA-approved for long-term bypass. The performance of the 0.6 M2 SciMed membrane oxygenator was examined using a modified test protocol suggested by the Association for Advancement of Medical Instrumentation for testing gas exchange devices. Four 0.6 M2 SciMed membrane oxygenators were tested in vitro using filtered ovine blood and a customized test circuit designed to provide a continuous source of deoxygenated, CO2-laden blood. Venous blood delivered to the test membrane had an oxygen saturation of 65 ± 2%. Testing confirmed good oxygenation throughout the manufacturer’s specified blood flow range. Transfer rates of CO2 measured for the 0.6 M2 SciMed membrane oxygenator were comparable to those of the 0.8 M2 membrane up to a blood flow rate of 400 ml/minute. Further increases in blood flow did not augment CO2 transfer rates. Use of the 0.6 M2 SciMed membrane oxygenator for neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) should be limited to the lower blood flow range and to infants not likely to experience significant hypercarbia, if such infants can be accurately identified.

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Mellgren, K., M. Skogby, Å. Järnås, LG Friberg, H. Wadenvik, and G. Mellgren. "Platelet activation and degradation in an experimental extracorporeal system. A comparison between a silicone membrane and a hollow-fibre oxygenator." Perfusion 11, no. 5 (1996): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765919601100505.

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Blood platelets are rapidly activated in contact with biomaterials and, therefore, can be used as markers of the biocompatibility of various components in an extracorporeal system. In the present work, two different oxygenators, one membrane oxygenator (Avecor) and one hollow-fibre oxygenator ('Lilliput', Dideco) were compared. Complete in vitro extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuits were perfused with fresh, heparinized human blood for 24 h. Eight experiments were performed with the hollow-fibre oxygenator and five experiments with the membrane oxygenator. Blood gases, electrolytes, glucose and haematocrit were kept within physiological limits. Platelet count, plasma concentration of β-thromboglobulin, platelet serotonin content, platelet membrane glycoprotein Ib and its degradation product glycocalicin, as well as plasma haemoglobin concentration were assayed. As regards most of these variables, significant differences in favour of the hollow- fibre oxygenator were observed.

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Condello, Ignazio. "Water Condensation and Gas Exchange Correlation in Different Models and Fibers of Blood Oxygenators: “How Can We Improve Performance?”." Journal of ExtraCorporeal Technology 52, no. 1 (2020): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ject/202052043.

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Creation of water condensation in blood oxygenators is a phenomenon that is constantly present during cardiopulmonary bypass and in medium- to long-term extracorporeal life support. Clinical observation of condensation at the oxygenator exit is still a common event normally associated with sudden cooling of the gas flow proximal to the outlet cover (after exiting the fiber bundle), where the warming effect of blood is no longer present. Condensation could progressively obstruct a certain number of fibers, reducing the efficiency of gaseous exchange in the membrane of the oxygenator surface. The study included 48 patients divided into four oxygenator groups of 12 each: group 1 used an Inspire 6 F oxygenator from Livanova; group 2, an Affinity Fusion from Medtronic; group 3, an Alone from Eurosets, and group 4, an ECMO Alone from Eurosets; while the last group used an ECMO Alone oxygenator from Eurosets with polymethylpentene fiber. Each group of oxygenators comprising 12 patients were divided into two groups, namely, A and B, with six patients in each group. Group A used mild hypothermia during the procedure, and group B of six patients used normothermia; Groups A and B were further subdivided into four subgroups: A1, A2, B1, and B2, each consists of three patients; subgroups A1 and B1 used negative aspiration (−8 mmHg) measuring humidity (%) and temperature (°C) in the gas oxygenator output; consequently, a measurement system was necessary to be created; Subgroups A2 and B2 did not use negative aspiration in the oxygenator outlet. No statistically significant difference for PaO2 and humidity values was found in polypropylene and polymethylpentene oxygenators with mild hypothermia management with vacuum and without vacuum in the gas outlet in the first 60 minutes and 60 minutes later during cardiopulmonary bypass. In normothermia, a statistically significant difference in the PaO2–humidity relationship was observed with polypropylene and polymethylpentene fiber models. Results of this study show an inversely proportional correlation between gas exchange and condensation in statistically significant values during the use of normothermia and a reduction in oxygenation performance, in polypropylene and polymethylpentene fiber oxygenators.

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Aittomäki, Juha. "Monitoring of CO2 exchange during cardiopulmonary bypass: the effect of oxygenator design on the applicability of capnometry." Perfusion 8, no. 4 (1993): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765919300800409.

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The correlation between pCO2 values in blood and in exhaust gas from the oxygenators was examined during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) using one bubble oxygenator and three membrane oxygenators. Forty-seven CPBs were performed, 17 with Compactflow® (Dideco, ltaly), 10 with Maxima® (Medtronic Inc., USA), 10 with Cobe CML®(Cobe Laboratories, USA) membrane oxygenators and 10 with Hi-Flex® (Dideco, Italy) bubble oxygenators. Blood samples were taken both from arterial and venous lines of the oxygenator. A capnometer was connected to the oxygenator gas exhaust port and CO2 fraction was measured at the time of drawing blood samples. CO2 pressure in the gas phase was calculated from the product of the CO2 fraction and water vapour- corrected barometric pressure. Blood gases were measured at 37°C and the pCO2 value was corrected to the temperature of the arterial line. The correlation between blood and exhaust gas pCO2 was good in all the oxygenators examined, ranging from 0.921 to 0.976. The standard error of estimate (SEE) was in the range of about ± 2 mmHg for all the oxygenators. The systematic error (slope and intercept of the correlation line) varied depending on the construction of the oxygenator, with countercurrent design having the best overall correspondence. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that arterial or venous CO 2 pressure can be monitored with a capnometry device coupled to the oxygenator gas outlet port. The use of a 'target FCO2 line' or a calculator program is proposed in order to aid the perfusionist in adjusting the oxygenator gas flow to attain normocarbia during CPB.

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Myers, Gerard J., Cheri Voorhees, Rob Haynes, and Bob Eke. "Post-Arterial Filter Gaseous Microemboli Activity of Five Integral Cardiotomy Reservoirs during Venting: An In Vitro Study." Journal of ExtraCorporeal Technology 41, no. 1 (2009): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ject/200941020.

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During a previously published study on gaseous micro-emboli (GMEs) and perfusionist interventions, it was noted that emboli could be detected after the arterial filter when blood/air challenges entered the membrane oxygenator’s integral cardiotomy. The findings indicated that further study into the oxygenator’s integral cardiotomy reservoir was warranted. This is the first know published report that connects the vent return to GME activity after the arterial filter. To study the air handling ability of the membranes integral cardiotomy, an in vitro study was conducted on five hard shell coated membrane oxygenators (Terumo Capiox SX25, X coated; Sorin Synthesis, phosphorylcholine coated; Gish Vision, GBS coated; Medtronic Affinity NT, trillium coated; Maquet Quadrox, bioline coated). The oxygenators were matched with their own manufacturer’s coated arterial filters (Medtronic 351T Arterial Filter, Sorin Synthesis Integrated Arterial Filter, Terumo CXAF200X Arterial Filter, Gish GAF40GBS-2 Arterial Filter, and Maquet Quart HBF140 Arterial Filter). There were three arms to the study, and three separate oxygenator/filter combinations were used in each arm. The first arm consisted of a pump flow of 4.0 L/min with only the filter purge blood entering the integral cardiotomy. In the second arm, 500 mL/min of simulated vent blood was added to the filter purge blood entering the integral cardiotomy. During the final arm, 200 mL/min of air was added to the vent blood as it entered the integral cardiotomy, to more closely simulate vent return during cardiopulmonary bypass. All GME activity in the oxygenator/filter combinations was examined using the Hatteland CMD20 Microemboli Counter. Placement of the Hatteland probes was 4 in after the hard shell reservoir outlet (PRO) and 12 in after the arterial filter (PAF). When vent blood flow was turned on, there was a significant increase in the PRO microemboli activity detected in all reservoirs. In the PAF position, three of the oxygenator/filter combinations were able to remove 98–99% of the GME, one removed 84.3%, and another removed only 55.5% of the GMEs coming out of the oxygenator’s reservoir. All oxygenators were found to have a dramatic increase in reservoir GME activity when the vent was turned on. Depending on the oxygenator/filter combination, vent return into the oxygenator’s integral cardiotomy resulted in the presence of significant amounts of GMEs after the arterial filter.

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Wiesenack, Christoph, Gunther Wiesner, Cornelius Keyl, et al. "In Vivo Uptake and Elimination of Isoflurane by Different Membrane Oxygenators during Cardiopulmonary Bypass." Anesthesiology 97, no. 1 (2002): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200207000-00019.

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Background Volatile anesthetics are frequently used during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) to maintain anesthesia. Uptake and elimination of the volatile agent are dependent on the composition of the oxygenator. This study was designed to evaluate whether the in vivo uptake and elimination of isoflurane differs between microporous membrane oxygenators containing a conventional polypropylene (PPL) membrane and oxygenators with a new poly-(4-methyl-1-pentene) (PMP) membrane measuring isoflurane concentrations in blood. Methods Twenty-four patients undergoing elective coronary bypass surgery with the aid of CPB were randomly allocated to one of four groups, using either one of two different PPL-membrane oxygenators for CPB or one of two different PMP-membrane oxygenators. During hypothermic CPB, 1% isoflurane in an oxygen-air mixture was added to the oxygenator gas inflow line (gas flow, 3 l/min) for 15 min. Isoflurane concentration was measured in blood and in exhaust gas at the outflow port of the oxygenator. Between-group comparisons were performed for the area under the curve (AUC) during uptake and elimination of the isoflurane blood concentrations, the maximum isoflurane blood concentration (C(max)), and the exhausted isoflurane concentration (F(E)). Results The uptake of isoflurane, expressed as AUC of isoflurane blood concentration and a function of F(E), was significantly reduced in PMP oxygenators compared to PPL oxygenators (P &lt; 0.01). C(max) was between 8.5 and 13 times lower in the PMP-membrane oxygenator groups compared to the conventional PPL-membrane oxygenator groups (P &lt; 0.01). Conclusions The uptake of isoflurane into blood via PMP oxygenators during CPB is severely limited. This should be taken into consideration in cases using such devices.

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Khadka, Lal Babu, Foivos Leonidas Mouzakis, Ali Kashefi, Flutura Hima, Jan Wilhelm Spillner, and Khosrow Mottaghy. "Blood Gas Parameters and Acid–Base Balance during Extracorporeal Lung Support with Oxygenators: Semi-Empirical Evaluation." Mathematics 11, no. 19 (2023): 4088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11194088.

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Membrane artificial lungs (oxygenators) are used in cardiopulmonary surgery as well as, in some cases, in severe lung disease to support the natural lung by means of ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation). The oxygen and carbon dioxide transfer rates of any oxygenator are usually assessed by considering several blood gas parameters, such as oxygen saturation, hemoglobin concentration, partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide, bicarbonate concentration, and pH. Here, we report a set of semi-empirical equations that calculate such parameters directly from their partial pressures and assess the acid–base balance during ECMO. The implementation of this equation set permits the evaluation of any oxygenator, existing or prototypes in development, as well as the development of clinical decision-making tools for predicting the blood gas state and acid–base balance during surgical interventions and ECMO. The predicted results are then compared with experimental data obtained from in vitro gas exchange investigations with a commercial oxygenator using fresh porcine blood. The high correlation, R2>0.95, between the predicted and the experimental data suggests a possibility of using such empirical equations in the simulation of gas transfer in a cardiopulmonary system with an oxygenator for any venous inlet blood gas data and also for estimating the acid–base balance during such therapy.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Blood oxygenator"

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Koochaki, Z. B. "Modelling of CO2Ì² removal from blood by combined dialyser/oxygenator divices." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382397.

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Alexander, Joseph V. "Long Term Blood Oxygenation Membranes." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cbme_etds/28.

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Hollow fiber membranes are widely used in blood oxygenators to remove carbon dioxide and add oxygen during cardiopulmonary bypass operations. These devices are now widely used off-label by physicians to perform extracorporeal blood oxygenation for patients with lung failure. Unfortunately, the hollow fiber membranes used in these devices fail prematurely due to blood plasma leakage and gas emboli formation. This project formed ultrathin (~100nm) polymer coatings on polymer hollow fiber membranes. The coatings were intended to “block” existing pores on the exterior surfaces while permitting high gas fluxes. This coating is synthesized using surface imitated control radical polymerization. The coating was durable and did not peel or degrade. Fibers modified using this coating technique did not substantially degrade the mechanical properties of the membrane. This coating technique prevented blood plasma leakage and gas emboli formation. The coating permitted blood oxygenation and carbon dioxide removal from in a mock circulation module. Coating formation on polymeric hollow fiber membranes using surface initiated controlled radical polymerization allows for the formation of membranes that have the potential for long term blood oxygenation. This coating technique would allow these long term blood membranes to be produced more inexpensively than currently existing membranes used for long term use.

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Bommel, Jasper van. "Hemodilution, blood transfusion, and regional oxygenation." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2001. http://dare.uva.nl/document/59608.

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Gardener, Alexander Graeme. "In-vivo measurement of blood oxygenation using MR." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422749.

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Sivaramakrishnan, Mathangi. "In vivo blood oxygenation level measurements using photoacoustic microscopy." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5851.

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We investigate the possibility of extracting accurate functional information such as local blood oxygenation level using multi-wavelength photoacoustic measurements. Photoacoustic microscope is utilized to acquire images of microvasculature in smallanimal skin. Owing to endogenous optical contrast, optical spectral information obtained from spectral photoacoustic measurements are successfully inverted to yield oxygenation level in blood. Analysis of error propagation from photoacoustic measurements to inverted quantities showed minimum inversion error in the optical wavelength region of 570-600 nm. To obtain accurate and vessel size independent blood oxygenation measurements, transducers with central frequency of more than 25 MHz are needed for the optical region of 570-600 nm used in this study. The effect of transducer focal position on accuracy of blood oxygenation level quantification was found to be negligible. To obtain accurate measurements in vivo, one needs to compensate for factors such as spectral dependent optical attenuation.

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Smith, Nina A. "Measurement of Red Blood Cell Oxygenation State by Magnetophoresis." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1568890258014352.

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Ullah, Tania. "Development of a microfluidic device for blood oxygenation by photocatalysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/50579.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2009.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-87).<br>Recent statistics provided by the American Lung Association assert that over 400,000 Americans die every year from lung disorders and more than 35 million are now living with symptoms of lung disease. Mortality rates of heart disease and certain cancers have declined in recent years partly due to improvements in diagnostic testing and the development of targeted medical technologies. Such improvements have not translated over to the treatment of lung disease and lung cancer. The goal of the artificial respiration project is to create a self-contained, mobile oxygen supply that is suitable for implantation and that can potentially replace acute or chronically disabled lungs. A novel microfluidic device for the oxygenation of whole blood has been developed. The device couples a semiconductor, titanium dioxide (TiO₂), thin film that generates oxygen through photocatalysis with a microfluidic network that facilitates diffusion of the dissolved oxygen to red blood cells. While true pulmonary respiration relies on passive diffusion of oxygen gas from the environment to the blood, the proposed device differs in that it generates oxygen directly from the water in blood plasma. This thesis focuses on the work done to fabricate and characterize the semiconductor photocatalyst, design the integrated microfluidic chip, and validate its capacity to oxygenate blood in real-time. Blood oxygenation experiments show that the microfluidic device exhibiting the best performance produced 4.06 mL of oxygen per 100 mL of blood, nearly two-thirds of the oxygen transferred in the lung.<br>(cont.) The flux of oxygen at the photocatalyst surface was 1.11 x 10-3 mmol O₂/ (cm² - min). The O₂ flux is nearly two orders of magnitude larger than that of any other fluidic device for blood oxygenation to date. The results from the proof-of-concept microfluidic device are promising and are a step towards the realization of a photocatalytic artificial lung.<br>by Tania Ullah.<br>S.M.

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Sair, Mark. "Blood flow, peripheral vascular reactivity and tissue oxygenation during systemic sepsis." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286356.

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Chen, T. "Hyperspectral imaging for the remote sensing of blood oxygenation and emotions." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2012. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7502.

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This PhD project is a basic research and it concerns with how human’s physiological features, such as tissue oxygen saturation (StO2), can be captured from a stand-off distance and then to understand how this remotely acquired physiological feature can be deployed for biomedical and other applications. This work utilises Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) within the diffuse optical scattering framework, to assess the StO2 in a contactless remote sensing manner. The assessment involves a detailed investigation about the wavelength dependence of diffuse optical scattering from the skin as well as body tissues, under various forms of optical absorption models. It is concluded that the threechromophore extended Beer Lambert Law model is better suited for assessing the palm and facial tissue oxygenations, especially when spectral data in the wavelengths region of [516-580]nm is used for the analysis. A first attempt of using the facial StO2 to detect and to classify people’s emotional state is initiated in this project. The objective of this work is to understand how strong emotions, such as distress that caused by mental or physical stimulations, can be detected using physiological feature such as StO2. Based on data collected from ~20 participants, it is found that the forehead StO2 is elevated upon the onset of strong emotions that triggered by mental stimulation. The StO2 pattern in the facial region upon strong emotions that are initiated by physical stimulations is quite complicated, and further work is needed for a better understanding of the interplays between bodily physique, individual’s health condition and blood transfusion control mechanism. Most of this work has already been published and future research to follow up when the author returns back to China is highlighted.

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Beckley, Philip D. "Gas exchange during apneic oxygenation with extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487265555440255.

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Books on the topic "Blood oxygenator"

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B, Zwischenberger Joseph, Bartlett Robert H, and Extracorporeal Life Support Organization, eds. ECMO: Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary support in critical care. Extracorporeal Life Support Organization, 1995.

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Fisher, Joseph A. A new approach to non-invasive oxygenated mixed venous PCO₂. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1986.

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A, Ansel Clifford, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. A new approach to non-invasive oxygenated mixed venous PCO₂. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1986.

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David, Hailey, and Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health., eds. Adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy for diabetic foot ulcer: An economic analysis. Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, 2007.

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1958-, Duncan Brian W., ed. Mechanical support for cardiac and respiratory failure in pediatric patients. M. Dekker, 2001.

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Hershey, Daniel. Blood Oxygenation. Springer, 2012.

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Hershey, Daniel. Blood Oxygenation: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Blood Oxygenation, Held at the University of Cincinnati, December 1-3 1969. Springer London, Limited, 2012.

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Maybauer, Marc O., ed. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197521304.001.0001.

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Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation—An Interdisciplinary Problem-Based Learning Approach provides an overview of the latest techniques, management strategies, and technology surrounding the clinical use of ECMO. This interdisciplinary book reviews the most common scenarios of ECMO in 62 chapters exploring the conditions and problems arising in ECMO practice. Each chapter begins with a stem case, followed by open questions to encourage critical thinking and enable the reader to follow the management strategies of the authors, who are world leaders in the field. Followed by an evidence-based discussion, each chapter concludes with multiple-choice questions for self-assessment. This book is current in its knowledge of organ systems and management and keeps pace with new ECMO technology and surgical techniques coupled with current guidelines for management. Starting with the history of ECMO to technical aspects, circuit biocompatibility and interaction with blood, drugs, and flow physics, the volume then continues into pediatric and adult sections, focusing on both respiratory and cardiovascular support, followed by a section on trauma. The volume then concludes with a section on neurologic complications and ethics, as well as rehabilitation and ambulation of ECMO patients. In addition, to reflect the current global health situation, this book includes a chapter on ECMO management in patients suffering with COVID-19 to cover the most urgent and pressing questions around ECMO during the ongoing pandemic. This is the first ECMO book on the market to utilize a problem-based learning approach and as such is an important unprecedented project on ECMO education.

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Blood Oxygenation: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Blood Oxygenation, held at the University of Cincinnati, December 1-3, 1969. Springer, 2012.

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Wise, Matt, and Simon Barry. Respiratory failure. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0135.

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Respiratory failure is a syndrome characterized by defective gas exchange due to inadequate function of the respiratory system. There is a failure to oxygenate blood (hypoxaemia) and/or eliminate carbon dioxide (hypercapnia). Hypoxaemia is defined as an arterial blood partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) of <8 kPa, and hypercapnia as an arterial blood partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) of >6 kPa. Respiratory failure is divided into two different types, conventionally referred to as type 1 and type 2. The distinction between these two is important because it emphasizes not only different their pathophysiological mechanisms and etiologies, but also different treatments. The preferred terminology and definitions are as follows: oxygenation failure (type I respiratory failure), PaO2 of <8 kPa; ventilation failure (type 2 respiratory failure), PaCO2 >6 kPa. Respiratory failure may be acute (onset over hours to days), or chronic (developing over months to years); alternatively, there may be an acute deterioration of a chronic state.

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Book chapters on the topic "Blood oxygenator"

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De Bois, William, and Karl H. Krieger. "The Influence of Oxygenator Type and Priming Volume on Blood Requirements." In Blood Conservation in Cardiac Surgery. Springer New York, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2180-7_12.

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Dewanjee, M. K., G. M. Palatianos, M. Kapadvanjwala, et al. "Platelet-Emboli from Arterial Filter and Oxygenator: Major Source of Embolic Complications During Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB)." In Radiolabeled Blood Elements. Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2462-5_15.

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Wenger, Robert K., and J. D. Mortensen. "The Intravascular Oxygenator, IVOX®: Augmentation of Blood-Gas Transfer." In Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2484-6_30.

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Bochenek, Andrzej, Z. Religa, J. Wojnar, et al. "A Clinical Study on Platelet Preservation in Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Without Oxygenator." In Blood Use in Cardiac Surgery. Steinkopff, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06119-0_5.

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Barlas, Semih, Emin Tireli, Haldun Tekinalp, Enver Dayioğlu, Leyla Sevgenay, and Cemil Barlas. "Effects of Oxygenator and Pumping Devices on Blood Parameters in Open Heart Surgery." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0333-6_79.

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Dunn, Jeff F., and Harold M. Swartz. "Blood Oxygenation." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5399-1_90.

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Suit, Herman. "Tumor Oxygenation and Radiosensitivity." In Blood Substitutes. Birkhäuser Boston, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2576-8_13.

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Fasano, Antonio, and Adélia Sequeira. "Extracorporeal Blood Oxygenation." In Hemomath. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60513-5_5.

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Annesini, Maria Cristina, Luigi Marrelli, Vincenzo Piemonte, and Luca Turchetti. "Blood Oxygenators and Artificial Lungs." In Artificial Organ Engineering. Springer London, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6443-2_6.

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Cruz, J. "Cerebral Oxygenation." In Monitoring of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism in Intensive Care. Springer Vienna, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9302-0_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Blood oxygenator"

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Durduran, Turgut. "Adventures in (Neuro-)Critical Care Towards Theranostics With Hybrid Diffuse Optics." In Optical Tomography and Spectroscopy. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1364/ots.2024.os5d.1.

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Hybrid diffuse optical devices combining blood oxygenation and flow measurements have been reaching inreasingly higher technology-readiness-levels while improving portability, cost, speed, accuracy and precision. I will describe our experiences in (neuro-)critical care. Full-text article not available; see video presentation

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Oakley-Gawrys, Emily, Robert Perttilä, Petteri Uusimaa, and Gal Shafirstein. "Novel device to measure tumor blood oxygenation during interstitial photodynamic therapy." In Optical Methods for Tumor Treatment and Detection: Mechanisms and Techniques in Photodynamic Therapy XXXIII, edited by David H. Kessel, Tayyaba Hasan, and Edward V. Maytin. SPIE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3043507.

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Rochow, Niels, Wen-I. Wu, Emily Chan, et al. "Integrated microfluidic oxygenator bundles for blood gas exchange in premature infants." In 2012 IEEE 25th International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memsys.2012.6170345.

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Hamlen, Cushing, Cynthia Clague, and Michael Petersen. "The Use of Computational Fluid Dynamics in the Design and Optimization of Perfusion Equipment." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0068.

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Abstract The purpose of using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in designing perfusion equipment is to maximize blood handling within the context of achieving design goals for specific devices. In the current case, the goals were: to reduce priming volume and blood damage due to fluid shear in the Medtronic Maxima Forte® oxygenator; to reduce blood damage due to shear in the new Medtronic Bio-Medicus Bio-Pump®; and to maintain low shear and promote good mixing in the Maxima Forte Hardshell Reservoir. CFD allows prediction of, among other phenomena, regions of high shear and regions of stagnation that are detrimental within blood handling devices. These predictions allow a directed approach to design of blood handling devices that is more effective than a prototype-and-test approach in establishing efficient yet safe designs. In the case of the Maxima Forte oxygenator, CFD indicated that a very low volume inlet manifold was not only achievable, but also necessary to eliminate large areas of recirculation. The design of the transition manifold between the heat exchanger and the gas exchange bundle resulted from a sequence of CFD models: the final design, which is incorporated in the Maxima Forte oxygenator, being arrived at by balancing priming volume and fluid shear. In the design of the Maxima Forte Hardshell Reservoir, CFD was used to verify effective mixing between the cardiotomy and venous blood, and to choose between design alternatives while maintaining low fluid shear. In optimizing the new Medtronic Bio-Medicus Bio-Pump, CFD was used to identify the pump’s cutwater as a location of high fluid shear, and to decide between five design alternatives to minimize shear on the cutwater. In-vitro feasibility testing indicates that the cumulative effect of design changes identified by using CFD results in reduction of hemolysis of 22% (p = 0.000014) over the BP-80 Bio-Pump. CFD is a powerful predictive design tools that, when used suitably with experiment, can be used to improve the design of all perfusion equipment directly involving flowing blood.

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Guzmán, Amador M., and Cristina H. Amon. "Mass Transfer Performance Evaluations of an Intravenous Membrane Oxygenator." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0810.

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Abstract The mass transfer performance of an Intravenous Membrane Oxygenator is investigated by computational simulations of the conservation of mass, momentum and species equations. The Intravenous Membrane Oxygenator (IMO), is a device developed experimentally to provide consistent and reproducible oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange. The IMO is composed by an elastic and non-permeable pulsating balloon positioned within the vena cava, and micro-porous-membrane fibers that transport oxygen and carbon dioxide, located longitudinally between the balloon and vena cava. During the operation regime, the blood flow motion is originated by a blood pressure gradient and a pulsating balloon motion. A three-dimensional physical-computational model consisting of equally-spaced fibers and a Newtonian and time-dependent incompressible flow is used for the simulations. The numerical simulation results for the stationary balloon configuration, obtained using the spectral element method, demonstrate that the flow remains parallel, laminar and with absence of secondary flows in the whole domain. Evaluations of the mass transfer characteristics and parameters, such as the oxygen concentration profile around the fiber and the Sherwood number, for increasing Reynolds numbers, indicate that the parabolic flow regime increase the oxygen transfer rate until an asymptotic limit in the oxygen transfer capability is reached. A further increase in the Reynolds number beyond this asymptotic limit does not increase the oxygen transfer rate.

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Okahara, Shigeyuki, Satoshi Miyamoto, Zu Soh, and Toshio Tsuji. "Detection of Echinocyte during Perfusion with Oxygenator Based on Continuous Blood Viscosity Monitoring." In 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8513370.

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Escobar, Rodrigo A., and Cristina H. Amon. "Convective Oxygen Transport Enhancement in Intravenous Membrane Oxygenators." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-43690.

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Numerical simulations of blood and water flow and oxygen transport in a computational model of an intravenous membrane oxygenator including moving boundaries are presented. The simulations are compared to an analytical transport model which is validated by comparing its result to experimental data reported in the literature. Good agreement is found between numerical, analytical and experimental results.

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Guzmán, Amador M., and Cristina H. Amon. "Mass Transfer Enhancement in an Intravenous Membrane Oxygenator Induced by a Pulsating Balloon." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0572.

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Abstract The Intravenous Membrane Oxygentor (IMO) is a device that consists of hundreds of hollow fibers and an elastic, non-permeable, balloon that is positioned within the vena cava. The balloon inflates and deflates rhythmically to a given amplitude and frequency to generate cross flow, promote blood mixing, and enhance the gas exchange. The IMO has been designed to provide temporarily up to 50% of the O2 and CO2 exchange requirements to patients who suffer Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) [1–4]. This illness affects approximately 150,000 people per year in the U.S. and is characterized by non-cardiogenic pulmonary edemas and a rapid and progressive malfunctioning of the lung [4]. The IMO device is an alternative therapy to conventional treatments such as mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation [5–7]. This paper reports the investigation of the flow and oxygen transfer characteristics of the IMO device shown in Fig. 1(a) and describes the numerically obtained flow patterns and the oxygen transfer characteristics for stationary and pulsating balloon regimes.

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Okahara, Shigeyuki, Toshio Tsuji, Zu Soh, Shinya Takahashi, and Taijiro Sueda. "A blood viscosity estimation method based on pressure-flow characteristics of an oxygenator during cardiopulmonary bypass and its clinical application." In 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7319643.

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Bagge, L., E. Holmer, S. O. Nystroöm, H. Tydeén, and T. Wahlberg. "FRAGMIN VS HEPARIN AT RECYCLING OE HUMAN BLOOD IN HEART-LUNG MACHINE (HLM)." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643042.

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During cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB), Heparin inhibits EXa (EXal), thrombin and platelet activity and is also reported to induce fibrinolysis. Eragmin (Erag) has 25% thrombin inhibition capacity as related to that of Heparin (Hep). An in_vitro study was performed to compare Frag with Hep by circulating blood in a pure artificial system. In 20 experiments, 400 ml of freshly collected blood with Frag or Hep were recycled for 2 h. HLM was primed with 400 ml of Ringeracetate. Blood sampling: donor, blood pack and every 20 min from the oxygenator. V_a£i£ble£/jassay/:ACT/Hemochron/5 APTT , TT and NT/Nyegaard/;FXaI, FVIII and ATIiT t"ATA)/amydolytic/; AT 111 (ATAg) and vWF/IEP/;Plasminogen (Pig) and albumine/immuno-diffusion/;FDP/Wellcome/;Platelet function/Adeplat S/;Fibrinogen (Fbg)/clottable/;Hemolysis (HL)/photometric/; (β -Thromboglobulin ((βTG)/RTA/;EVF, Hb, platelet count (PC) and Leucocyte count (LC)/ conventional). Corrections for hemo-/plasma dilutions were calculated. Dosages (n): Frag: 750 (1), 1500 (3), 2100 (4), 2500 (4) FXal-U (U); Hep: 1000 (3), 1500 (6) IU clinical level. Clotting only occurred at Frag 750 (1) and 1500 (2) U, when ACT, APTT, FVIII, Fbg and ATA were significantly lowered. Generally, PC fell 75% during the recycling, while PF was constant'∼20% and (βTG increased. Neither presence of FDP nor Pig consumption were detected. FXal, ACT, APTT, TT and NT were dose dependent for both drugs. ATA was directly dose-related to Frag but inversely to Hep. LC decreased with the Frag-dose but inversely to that of Hep. HL increased generally. Several proteins increased (clotting excl): Fbg 30%, ATAg 25%, ATA 45?o and vWF 60%. Conclusions. Prevention of clotting required about the double dosage of Frag. Shortened ACT and APTT predicted clotting while the levels of FXal, TT and NT did not. Thus, an effective thrombin inhibition is needed under this conditions. Consumptions of FVIII, Fbg and ATA but no further drop in PC at clotting, indicate weak platelet aggregation involvement. Absence of fibrinolytic signs supports that the fibrinolysis seen at CPB, is not a genuine effect of Hep (or Frag). Increases in some proteins may be caused by cytolysis. The rise in vWF is probably due to release from platelet surfaces.

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Reports on the topic "Blood oxygenator"

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Wiles, Connor. Frozen, Old, or New? Comparing Biochemical Markers and Tissue Oxygenation in Transfused Blood. Portland State University Library, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/honors.34.

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Wideman, Jr., Robert F., Nicholas B. Anthony, Avigdor Cahaner, Alan Shlosberg, Michel Bellaiche, and William B. Roush. Integrated Approach to Evaluating Inherited Predictors of Resistance to Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome (Ascites) in Fast Growing Broiler Chickens. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7575287.bard.

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Background PHS (pulmonary hypertension syndrome, ascites syndrome) is a serious cause of loss in the broiler industry, and is a prime example of an undesirable side effect of successful genetic development that may be deleteriously manifested by factors in the environment of growing broilers. Basically, continuous and pinpointed selection for rapid growth in broilers has led to higher oxygen demand and consequently to more frequent manifestation of an inherent potential cardiopulmonary incapability to sufficiently oxygenate the arterial blood. The multifaceted causes and modifiers of PHS make research into finding solutions to the syndrome a complex and multi threaded challenge. This research used several directions to better understand the development of PHS and to probe possible means of achieving a goal of monitoring and increasing resistance to the syndrome. Research Objectives (1) To evaluate the growth dynamics of individuals within breeding stocks and their correlation with individual susceptibility or resistance to PHS; (2) To compile data on diagnostic indices found in this work to be predictive for PHS, during exposure to experimental protocols known to trigger PHS; (3) To conduct detailed physiological evaluations of cardiopulmonary function in broilers; (4) To compile data on growth dynamics and other diagnostic indices in existing lines selected for susceptibility or resistance to PHS; (5) To integrate growth dynamics and other diagnostic data within appropriate statistical procedures to provide geneticists with predictive indices that characterize resistance or susceptibility to PHS. Revisions In the first year, the US team acquired the costly Peckode weigh platform / individual bird I.D. system that was to provide the continuous (several times each day), automated weighing of birds, for a comprehensive monitoring of growth dynamics. However, data generated were found to be inaccurate and irreproducible, so making its use implausible. Henceforth, weighing was manual, this highly labor intensive work precluding some of the original objectives of using such a strategy of growth dynamics in selection procedures involving thousands of birds. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements 1. Healthy broilers were found to have greater oscillations in growth velocity and acceleration than PHS susceptible birds. This proved the scientific validity of our original hypothesis that such differences occur. 2. Growth rate in the first week is higher in PHS-susceptible than in PHS-resistant chicks. Artificial neural network accurately distinguished differences between the two groups based on growth patterns in this period. 3. In the US, the unilateral pulmonary occlusion technique was used in collaboration with a major broiler breeding company to create a commercial broiler line that is highly resistant to PHS induced by fast growth and low ambient temperatures. 4. In Israel, lines were obtained by genetic selection on PHS mortality after cold exposure in a dam-line population comprising of 85 sire families. The wide range of PHS incidence per family (0-50%), high heritability (about 0.6), and the results in cold challenged progeny, suggested a highly effective and relatively easy means for selection for PHS resistance 5. The best minimally-invasive diagnostic indices for prediction of PHS resistance were found to be oximetry, hematocrit values, heart rate and electrocardiographic (ECG) lead II waves. Some differences in results were found between the US and Israeli teams, probably reflecting genetic differences in the broiler strains used in the two countries. For instance the US team found the S wave amplitude to predict PHS susceptibility well, whereas the Israeli team found the P wave amplitude to be a better valid predictor. 6. Comprehensive physiological studies further increased knowledge on the development of PHS cardiopulmonary characteristics of pre-ascitic birds, pulmonary arterial wedge pressures, hypotension/kidney response, pulmonary hemodynamic responses to vasoactive mediators were all examined in depth. Implications, scientific and agricultural Substantial progress has been made in understanding the genetic and environmental factors involved in PHS, and their interaction. The two teams each successfully developed different selection programs, by surgical means and by divergent selection under cold challenge. Monitoring of the progress and success of the programs was done be using the in-depth estimations that this research engendered on the reliability and value of non-invasive predictive parameters. These findings helped corroborate the validity of practical means to improve PHT resistance by research-based programs of selection.

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