Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bluebeam'

Mängdavtagning är en process i byggprojekt som i stor utsträckning utförs med metoder baserade på 2D-ritningar. Studier visar att branschen efterfrågar digitala lösningar och BIM är en digital lösning som branschen tror på [1]. Det har visat sig att implementering av BIM som hjälpmedel för mängdavtagningar tar tid, vilket kan bero på ett antal faktorer:   De 3D-modeller som levereras idag är avsedda för att vara ett visualiseringshjälpmedel och kanske inte är fullt genomarbetade för att ligga till grund för mängdavtagningar. När BIM-modeller för mängdavtagningar efterfrågas som mest av byggentreprenörer, i anbudsskedet, finns inte alltid tillgång till den. Förändringsledning – Något projekt måste vara det första som tillämpar metoden. Programvaror är dyra och det är inte säkert att investeringen ger avkastning direkt. Vid intervju med mindre byggföretag beskrevs risken med att vara först med att implementera ett arbetssätt eller teknik som inte blir anammat av de marknadsledande företagen.   Genom att nyttja digitala hjälpmedel för mängdavtagningsprocessen visade det sig att det finns möjlighet att spara tid och arbete på flera håll i byggprocessen. Tid som istället kan läggas på att planera projektet bättre, upphandla bättre leverantörer eller att dra ner på onödiga tjänster. På så vis kan mängdavtagning genom BIM vara ett sätt att bidra till en mer hållbar bransch- både ekonomiskt och ekologiskt. Det visade sig vid jämförande av mängdavtagning med hjälp av Bidcon BIM och Bluebeam, att differensen i mängd för hela referensprojektet var under 1%.
Quantity takeoff is a process in construction projects that is to a great extent performed using traditional methods. Studies show that the industry is in demand for digital solutions and BIM is a digital solution that the industry believes in [1]. It has been found that the implementation of BIM as a tool for quantity takeoffs takes time, which may be due to several reasons:   The 3D models that are delivered today are intended to be a visualization aid and may not be adequate to be used as a quantity takeoff model. When BIM quantity takeoff models are most demanded by constructions companies, it’s not always available. Thought leader – Some project must be the first to apply the method. Software licenses are expensive, and the investment may not yield returns directly. In the interviews with smaller construction companies, the risk of being the first to implement a way of working or technology that is not adopted by the market leaders was described.   By using digital tools for quantity takeoffs there is an opportunity to save time and reduce work in several parts of the construction process. Time that can be spent on project planning, procurement of better suppliers or cutting down on unnecessary services. In this way, quantity takeoff by BIM can be a way of contributing to a more sustainable industry- both economically and ecologically. When comparing quantity takeoff from Bidcon BIM and Bluebeam, it was shown that the difference in quantity was for the entire reference project below 1%.

BIM står för Building Information Modeling. Det innebär att man har en gemensambyggmodell som innehåller information relevant för alla aktörer. Skillnaden mellan en 3Doch BIM modell är förutom visualiseringen att man har tillgång till fler dimensioner s om tidoch kostnad. Detta leder till en större tydlighet för alla aktörer under en byggnads livscykel.IFC format är ett neutralt filformat som underlättar informationsbyte mellan olika BIMverktyg. IFC format har utvecklats av byggbranschen och ägs inte a v någon leverantör. VDC, som står för Virtual Design Construction, är NCC:s sätt att arbeta med projekt knutnatill BIM. VDC ger möjligheten att ge användaren uppdaterad information för att förståkundens önskemål och hur man ska förverkliga det. Ett led i detta arbete är att undersöka nyamängdavtagningsmetoder och jämföra dem. Syftet med examenarbetet var att jämföra 4 olika mängdavtagningsmetoder utifrån tid ochkvalitet. De 4 olika metoderna var Vico Office, Solibri, Bluebeam och den traditionellamän gdavtagningen för hand. Mängdavtagningen avgränsades endast till att mängda ickebärande innerväggar i projektet. Vico Office, Solibri, Bluebeam och mängdning för hand är de 4 metoderna som granskats.Underlag för mängdavtagningen har varit en IFC fil er o ch 2D ritningar. Från IFC filernagjordes mängdavtagning i Vico Office och Solibri. 2D ritningarna användes till att ta frammängder från Bluebeam och för hand. Mängdavtagningen resulterar i en jämförelse avmängderna man har fått. Sammanställning har geno mförts i Excel. Mängdavtagningen har utförts på Kvarteret Pedagogen som är en nyproduktion avflerbostadshus i Karslundsskogen. Det består av 3 huskroppar med 55 lägenheter på 5våningar. Byggstart var 2015 och byggnaderna står färdiga i dagsläget Resultatet visade på markanta skillnader mellan de 4 metoderna. Resultaten visade att SolibriModel Checker är den programvara som var bäst lämpad för mängdavtagning om man toghänsyn till tid och mängd. Den var också den mest användarvänliga av de 4 metoderna.
BIM stands for Building Information Modeling. This means that you have a common buildingmodel that contains information relevant to all members of the building process . Thedifference between a 3D and BIM model is in addition to visualization that you have access tomore dimensions such as time and cost. This leads to greater clarity for all members during abuilding's life cycle. IFC for mat is a neutral file format that facilitates information exchangebetween different BIM tools. IFC format has been developed by the construction industry andis not owned by any supplier. VDC, which stands for Virtual Design Construction, is NCC's way ofworking on projectslinked to BIM. VDC provides the opportunity to provide the user with updated information tounderstand the customer's wishes and how to impleme nt it. A part of this work includesinvestigating new methods of quantity takeoff and comparing them. The purpose of the thesis work was to compare 4 different methods ofquantity takeoff basedon time and quality. The 4 different methods were Vico Office, Solibri, Bluebeam and thetraditional quantity takeoff by hand (manual) manual). The quantity take off was limited only to theamount of non bearing inner walls in the project. Vico Office, Solibri, Bluebeam andquantity takeoff by hand are the 4 methods reviewed. Thebasis for the quantity take off has been an IFC file and 2D drawings. From the IFC file, takeoffwas made in Vico Office and Solibri. The 2D drawings were used to obtain quantities fromBluebeam and by hand. The quantity take off results in a comparison of the quantities that wasreceived . Summary of quantities has been carried out in Excel. Thequantities has been collected from Kvarteret Pedagogen which is a new construction ofmulti family houses in Karslundsskogen . It consists of 3 houses with 55 apartments on 5floors. Building start was 2015 an d today the project is complete. The result showed significant differences between the four meth ods. The results showed thatSolibri Model Checker is the software that is best suited for quantity takeoff when consideringtime and quantity. It was also the most user friendly of the 4 methods.

The object of this report is to investigate how to implement BIM into the production part of the construction industry. How NCC should act to make the transformation as smooth and easy as possible. BIM, Building Information Modelling, is a way of working where you gather all information in one place. All disciplines work in a 3Dmodel and have information about their component in that model. For example, you can create a specific wall with its different layers, that will make it easier to calculate offers from subcontractors and also make the daily work with other orders easier if you know what the wall is build of. You can also use the model for collision controles. This make everything more efficient and make it easier to collaborate between different disciplines.By interviewing people from the industry, mainly from the production, we found that there already are softwares on the market that NCC are using that is easy to use even if you haven't worked a lot with digital tools before. The problem is how to spread the information about these softwares so that more projects can use them. Another difficulty is how to get the craftsmen to use these softwares. The people we interviewed thought that the lack of interest for digital tools, and the older generation, is the main reason why the implementation will be challenging. Our conclusion is that NCC need to find a systematic way to educate their employees in the digital tools that they are using. They need to get better to spread the word about those digital tools within the company so that their employees understand how much they can help and will start to use them. The craftsmen should use the tools to help visualize what they are building and the on-site manager should have a software with more features.
Syftet med arbetet är att undersöka hur BIM kan implementeras i byggbranschen på ett bra och smidigt sätt ute i produktion. Detta ger NCC ett underlag för hur de ska gå tillväga för att denna process ska gå så lätt och smidigt som möjligt men också för att minska risken att fokus hamnar på fel ställe och att implementeringen utförs på ett sådant sätt att personalen blir mer negativa mot digitala hjälpmedel i produktionen.  Då yrkesarbetarna är de som hittills jobbat minst med digitala hjälpmedel har störst vikt lagts vid att undersöka hur implementeringen kommer att påverka dem och hur man ska göra för att få med dem i denna förändring.   BIM, Building Information Modeling, är egentligen byggbranschens digitalisering. Det bygger på att projekteringen utförs i 3D och sedan byggs modellen på med information som gör att arbetet kan effektiviseras och göras smidigare. Det går till exempel att rita upp hur väggarna är uppbyggda i skikt för att underlätta för kalkylatorn vid upphandlingar med underentreprenörer men också i produktion vid beställning av material. Detta minimerar dubbeljobb och effektiviserar produktionen. I projekteringen används det bland annat vid kollisionskontroller där olika discipliners modeller läggs ihop för att se om installationerna krockar någonstans. I förvaltning kan det användas genom att produkterna som använts läggs in i modellen, till exempel vilken armatur, för att sedan lätt kunna hitta den informationen när armaturen senare behöver bytas ut.   Det pratas ofta om att BIM är dyrt och det stämmer att det blir en högre kostnad i början av projekten. Däremot sparas tid och pengar i produktion och förvaltning. Fel som tidigare har upptäckts i produktion och har behövt lösas på plats så gott som försvinner.  Genom att intervjua personer som börjat använda sig av BIM i produktion har upptäckten gjorts att det finns bra och lätthanterliga program som underlättar och effektiviserar vissa delar av produktionen. Två av dessa program som används på NCC idag är Bluebeam och Dalux. Bluebeam används som dokumenthantering där länkar mellan olika ritningar gör att det går snabbt och enkelt att hoppa mellan ritningar. Dalux är ett lättanvändligt program där du kan se projektet i 2D och 3D samtidigt vilket ger en lättare förståelse för vad som ska byggas genom att du kan gå omkring i projektet i 3D. Dalux har även en gratis app som alla yrkesarbetare skulle kunna använda för att öka förståelsen av vad dom bygger vilket skulle kunna göra att frågorna till arbetsledningen skulle minska. Ett problem är då hur man ska lösa det med mobiler och surfplattor till alla, om man inte får använda sin egen eller äger någon privat. Ett annat problem med digitaliseringen är att hårdvarorna är väldigt ömtåliga och ska användas i en hård miljö samt så har internet en tendens att krascha med jämna mellanrum vilket gör att man alltid måste ha en backup av de aktuella ritningarna och modellerna.  En annan fråga är hur man ska få alla att använda sig av de digitala verktygen. Här är de som intervjuats överens om att det med största sannolikhet handlar om hur intresserad man är av teknik och att det är en generationsfråga. De menar att det med generationsskiftet kommer bli lättare att implementera BIM i yrkesarbetarnas arbete.   För att implementera BIM i produktion på ett så bra och smidigt sätt som möjligt bör ordentliga utbildningar av platsledning och yrkesarbetarna genomföras för att sprida kunskapen om vilka möjligheter som finns inom företaget men också för att ge personalen en bra grund så att de känner sig säkra i programmen när de ska börja användas. Det kan öka intresset även hos de som varit negativt inställda från början. Yrkesarbetarna bör använda programmen som visuell hjälp genom att gå omkring i 3D modellen och för att snabbare kunna navigera sig mellan olika ritningar genom länkar. Arbetsledarna kan ha en högre svårighetsgrad med fler funktioner, bland annat olika lager och möjligheten att uppdatera ritningar och modeller.

Byggbranschens digitaliseringsgrad är en av de lägsta i jämförelse med andra branscher i Sverige. Utmaningen att bygga avsevärt fler bostäder runt om i landet framöver är i stort fokus och företagen behöver då implementera effektivare metoder och verktyg för styrning, kommunikation och uppföljning i produktionsstadiet. Digitala verktyg är en lösning för att uppnå denna effektivisering, problemet är att implementeringsprocessen har brister och implementerade verktyg inte har befästs. Rapporten undersöker digitaliseringen på tre projekt hos Skanska Hus Stockholm Bostäder. Syftet är att granska vilka digitala verktyg som används i produktionen, hur de nyttjas samt hur implementeringsprocessen bör ske för att få de icke standardiserade verktygen att stanna kvar. Litteraturstudier samt intervjuer av tjänstemän på projekten formar resultatet av studien som sedan analyseras i avseende av de icke standardiserade verktygen och implementeringsprocessen. Studien visar att för nyttjande av verktygen ska ske optimalt behövs det gemensamma standardiserade metoder och att tillgängligheten för arbetsmetoderna för dessa standardiserade verktyg förenklas. Vidare behövs en strukturerad implementeringsprocess som passar projekten skapas för att motivera medarbetarna att förnya sina arbetsmetoder.

As today (July 2002) there is no doubt that a wireless revolution has arrived. As internet communication is growing stronger, more suitable and advanced techniques are used to integrate offices and home based networks to this new standard. A still somewhat sleeping and awaiting market actor to this new technology is the industrial one. The Blueboat application is meant to replace cables in a military marine system, showing that the wireless solution is as least as good and more flexible as the traditional based on cables. Our task was to send system information such as course, speed and depth from an internal rack to a client computer via Bluetooth. The system information is to be received, interpreted and logged on some kind of software (Bluboat) at the client computer. To do this we are using a microcontroller that is listening on a serial port to receive the information that is to be transmitted. In the microcontroller the data packets are reformatted to Bluetooth packets which are sent to a Bluetooth device connected to the microcontroller On the client side the Bluetooth packets are received and formatted so that it is possible to read real-time data on e.g. a laptop anywhere in the near facility.
Idag (juli 2002) är det ingen tvekan om att en trådlös revulotion är här. I takt med att Internetkommunikation växer sig starkare utvecklas mer anpassade tekniker för att integrera kontors och hemmanätverk med den nya standarden. En fortfarande något återhållsam och vaksam aktör på den trådlösa marknaden är industrin. Vår applikation är tänkt att ersätta kablar i ett militärt marint system och samtidigt visa att den trådlösa tekniken är minst så god och mer flexibel än den traditionella lösningen som är baserad på kablar. Vår uppgift bestod i att skicka systemdata såsom t.ex. kurs, hastighet och djup från en intern-rack till en klient dator via Bluetooth. Informationen ska tas emot, tolkas, visas och loggas i en mjukvara (Blueboat) på klientmaskinen. För att klara av detta använde vi oss av en mikrodator som lyssnar på en seriell port för att ta emot information som sedan ska skickas vidare. I mikrodatorn tas datapaketen emot och formateras om till Bluetooth-paket som sedan skickas till en Bluetooth enhet som är kopplad till mikrodatorn. På klientsidan tas Bluetooth-paketen emot och tolkas så att det är möjligt att läsa av realtidsdata på t.ex. en bärbar dator någonstans i närheten.

This is a thesis comprising two components: a portion of my novella and a dissertation. My work of fiction, Turning Road, draws loosely on the Bluebeard fairytale, as well as theories of identity and nation, as a means of exploring a young Australian woman’s journey to London, a journey which is both symbolic and psychological. The second component is the critical essay, which considers the extent to which Australian women’s expatriate fiction can be read as a variation of Bluebeard. Australian women’s expatriate fiction has been characterised as a journey involving a doomed love affair with a self-centred male in London.1 To date, most critical attention on the genre has focussed on the extent to which it employs the Odyssean myth to consider gender and colonial identity. It is my contention that reading Bluebeard in The Transit of Venus highlights issues of identity and power in relation to gender and nation. Through its central themes of threat, sexuality, secrecy, self-knowledge and seriality, Bluebeard warns against prescribed gender roles/relations and limiting identifications, and works towards depicting a new liberating space between contrasting spaces identified as home and abroad.

The purpose of this narrative inquiry was to explore how the heroine’s quest to overcome her murderous husband in the fairy tale “Bluebeard” may speak to the development of insight into the presence of an archetypal predator and the process of separation in real-life situations characterized by intimate partner violence (IPV). Four women in relationships characterized by IPV during their adolescence, currently between the ages of 27 to 60, participated in individual semistructured oral interviews followed by a self-guided reading of “Bluebeard” with a reflection questionnaire. The thematic analysis identified a cyclical progression of disorientation and descent, numinous experiences and moments of change, recruitment of resources, and escape. Key themes included naïveté, ex-partner’s attractiveness, isolation, fear, confusion, substance use, silence, and others being aware of the abuse but not intervening. Discussing the abuse with their family, friends, and/or the police was associated with final separation. As they described the aftereffects of IPV, common themes were anxiety, anger, somatic reactions, and nightmares. Shared resiliency factors included graduate education, coping skills, and 12-Step Program participation. The depth psychological interpretation considered the possibility that the archetypal predator-prey relationship may manifest as a syzygy. In order to escape a woman may access her own predatory nature, transitioning from being naïve or disoriented by trauma to being resourceful or even aggressive. The recovery process was discussed in the context of the compensatory function of the psyche, psychic differentiation, and the relationship between embodiment and feminine insight.

This is a thesis comprising two components: a portion of my novella and a dissertation. My work of fiction, Turning Road, draws loosely on the Bluebeard fairytale, as well as theories of identity and nation, as a means of exploring a young Australian woman’s journey to London, a journey which is both symbolic and psychological. The second component is the critical essay, which considers the extent to which Australian women’s expatriate fiction can be read as a variation of Bluebeard. Australian women’s expatriate fiction has been characterised as a journey involving a doomed love affair with a self-centred male in London.1 To date, most critical attention on the genre has focussed on the extent to which it employs the Odyssean myth to consider gender and colonial identity. It is my contention that reading Bluebeard in The Transit of Venus highlights issues of identity and power in relation to gender and nation. Through its central themes of threat, sexuality, secrecy, self-knowledge and seriality, Bluebeard warns against prescribed gender roles/relations and limiting identifications, and works towards depicting a new liberating space between contrasting spaces identified as home and abroad.

Often overlooked in the study of nineteenth-century American literature, the New England writer Rose Terry Cooke elicited great popular appeal during the peak of her career. The admiration Cooke received from her readers and fellow writers compels one to question Cooke’s present-day obscurity. Cooke’s fiction and poetry seem inconsistent with the attitudes she express in her non-fiction, particularly concerning religion and women’s suffrage. She portrays women in miserable marriages, desperately looking for an escape. These “brides of Bluebeard” find different ways to cope with their predicament. While most never truly escape, many use (1) religious devotion, (2) masochism, and (3) homosocial relations as “coping mechanisms” in their plight. I identify each of these reactions to Bluebeard figures in Cooke’s writing in order to understand the contradictions in her works, for, like Cooke, these brides were products of their culture, torn between duty to self and duty to others.

碩士
國立清華大學
資訊工程學系
91
Bluetooth is a wireless technology that is used to connect portable or fixed devices. In Bluetooth, two or more devices are connected to form a piconet; multiple piconets with overlapping coverage areas are connected to form a scatternet. Scatternet formation algorithms are used to construct the scatternets. Many algorithms have been proposed to reduce the latency for constructing scatternets~[7][9][11][12][14]. In addition to the latency, other factors may also need to be considered in constructing scatternets, e.g., interference among the devices and power-consumption of the devices. Interference may decrease the available wireless-bandwidth. Power-consumption may affect the length of the duration during which the topology of the current scatternet is maintained. Because of the limited wireless-bandwidth and the limited power-capacity of the portable devices, the scatternet formation algorithms should also consider the interference and the power-consumption. In this thesis, we propose a Bluetooth scatternet formation algorithm named "Bluebell" which takes the interference and the power-consumption into account. Bluebell uses power-control mechanism to build localized piconets. The algorithm also utilizes each devices' Class of Device~(CoD) to arrange the devices with proper roles; the devices with more power-capacity are responsible for more operations in the piconet than the devices with less power. Performance metrics, including scatternet topology properties, scatternet formation time, scatternet weighted interference, and scatternet lifetime are taken to evaluate the proposed algorithm. Our simulation results show that the scatternet constructed by the proposed Bluebell algorithm yield lower weighted interference and longer lifetime than those constructed by algorithms that do not take interference and power-consumption into account.

In 1997, Cominco Ltd. initiated an environmental assessment and remedial program at its Bluebell Mine site which closed in 1972. An overview of the history of the mine and the complete project is provided in the companion paper titled Bluebell Mine - Remediation of a Historic Mine Site. This paper focuses on the management of tailing, concentrates (process fines) and mine water discharge (MWD) fines present on the foreshore of Galena Bay associated with the former concentrator operation. It explores the rationale and planning of the remedial work, and the challenges associated with completing the project. The results of environmental assessments of the site determined that groundwater crossing the foreshore areas of Galena Bay was being impacted by process fines and MWD fines. The remedial plan called for the removal of these materials and subsequent reconstruction of a "self-cleaning" beach. When planning the remedial action, many factors were considered, including: sediment chemistry; physical properties of the sediment; ecological health of Galena Bay; hydrodynamics of the bay; alternative excavation methods; containment of suspended sediments generated by the remedial work; and monitoring the effectiveness of the environmental control systems during excavation. Protection of the aquatic environment was the most critical aspect of the remedial work. Containment of suspended sediments within the work area was achieved by the use of a dual floating silt barrier system. The systematic monitoring of water quality using field and laboratory methods was undertaken to track the performance of the control system. The sediment control system worked well but its performance could have been enhanced by moving the primary barrier further from the work area, improving the design of certain barrier components and having earlier routine underwater inspections.

The Bluebell Mine was a lead, zinc and silver mine discovered circa 1820 that had been exploited by a number of owners until its final closure in 1972. It is located in the hamlet of Riondel, BC. Kootenay Lake surrounds the mine site on three sides. Cominco Ltd. acquired the surface and mineral rights in the 1930s and operated a mine and concentrator from 1952 to 1972. The mine was reclaimed to the standards of the day upon closure. In 1997, Cominco initiated a series of phased investigations to identify potential environmental and public safety issues at the site. The site contains waste rock dumps, process fines (residual tailings and concentrates) and deposits of Mine Water Discharge (MWD) fines that had been pumped to surface during mine operations. The process fines and MWD fines existed both on land and in Kootenay Lake, including the foreshore areas of Galena and Bluebell Bays. The site had surface and groundwater issues related to both Acid Rock Drainage (ARD) and neutral pH metal leaching (ML). In 2000, Cominco initiated a remedial program to substantially improve both the environmental and public safety aspects of the site. The Phase 1 program in 2000 focused on the remediation of the contaminated soils and ARD/ML issues in upland areas of the site. Phase 2 work initiated in the first half of 2001 focused on removal of potential ARD generating materials from the foreshore and near shore areas of Galena and Bluebell Bays. During the second half of 2001, the objectives are to address outstanding Phase 1 issues and potential hazards from near surface mine workings. A program to monitor and confirm the resulting improvements in the environmental quality of the soils, surface and groundwater at the site has been initiated.

This interpretive study of "The Garden of Eden" manuscript examines the general critical conception of Ernest Hemingway as a male-chauvinist writer who valorizes masculine codes of heroic individualism while simplistically objectifying and debasing the feminine. I engage in a close reading of the manuscript, inferring thematic meaning through symbology, metaphor, implication, and intertextual allusions. My methodology demonstrates that Hemingway deploys the story of Bluebeard as a self-critical paradigm, to suggest (1) the sado-masochistic aspects of traditional gender relations, and (2) the creative vanity of an autobiographical artist figure whose stories embody violent fantasies of male power. Hemingway's moral self-awareness in the "Eden" manuscript, especially with respect to the gender-art nexus, problematizes the "Papa" stereotype. Indeed, the Hemingway of "Eden" emerges as a complex, introspective, and sensitive writer who sympathizes primarily with a well-drawn female character. Given "Eden's" carefully sustained matrix of tension, ambiguity, and irony, I conclude that the manuscript is a novelistic text that both moves within and pushes beyond patriarchal ideology.

碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
英語研究所
89
Abstract In Lady Oracle (1976), Margaret Atwood demonstrates her intention to save women from the trap of the patriarchal myth of women. Atwood examines Grimms’ “Snow White” and “Fitcher’s Bird,” and exposes their themes of female victimization. Atwood inscribes within her novel the mythic tales of “Snow White” and “Fitcher’s Bird,” exposes and subverts their underlying intentions, and suggests the possibility of a “way out” for women. The protagonist, the young overweight Joan reenacts, with her mother Frances who wants her to lose weight and become more “feminine,” Grimms’ “Snow White” in which the conflict between witch-mother and innocent daughter is provoked by the hidden patriarchal intention, and leads to the fear of mother as monster/witch, mother-daughter animosity and matricide. In addition, Grimms’ “Fitcher’s Bird,” the best-known Bluebeard tale, under Atwood’s scrutiny, is exposed as a tale that embeds female dismemberment and the fear of men. By presenting Joan Foster as a woman haunted by the “Bluebeard fear” as the result of her addict on Gothic novels, a genre based on such fear, Atwood suggests how women are jeopardized and trapped by Bluebeard fear and driven into female masochism. However, Atwood also suggests how women can struggle their way out from the trap of those myths. By seizing the pen, engaging in the discourse, and attempting to break the generic rules, Joan manages to be a woman who speaks (writes) from her own heart.

When European childrens literature is adapted to North American film, parts of the stories are removed and changed in the hopes of producing something that will be considered acceptable in the target culture. Much of what is educational and cultural in the stories to begin with is removed through the process of adaptation leaving the finished product devoid of its originality and cultural authenticity. These oversimplified stories are what children in North America grow up with and believe to be original. This thesis examines the adaptation of the following classic childrens stories to film: Charles Perraults Bluebeard (1697); Lewis Carrolls Alices Adventures in Wonderland (1865) and Through the Looking-Glass and What Alice Found There (1871); and Carlo Collodis Le Avventure di Pinocchio (1883).