Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bluetooth low energy / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Bluetooth low energy.

Journal articles on the topic 'Bluetooth low energy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 March 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Bluetooth low energy.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Yordanov, Yordan, and Aydan Haka. "Bluetooth Low Energy Technology Simulators." Journal of CIEES 2, no. 1 (July 22, 2022): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.48149/jciees.2022.2.1.1.

Full text

Abstract:

The growing interest in Internet of Things technologies in modern life requires their active research. This can be done most easily by using a simulation product for the technology in consideration. This article presents the most famous existing simulation products of Bluetooth Low Energy technology, as well as the one developed by the authors, and presents a comparison between the considered solutions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Hansen, Christopher J. "Internetworking with Bluetooth Low Energy." GetMobile: Mobile Computing and Communications 19, no. 2 (August 25, 2015): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2817761.2817774.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Tyler, Neil. "Bluetooth Low Energy v5.2 IP." New Electronics 53, no. 4 (February 25, 2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/s0047-9624(22)61126-x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Oliveira, P., and P. J. Matos. "BLEGen — A Code Generator for Bluetooth Low Energy Services." Lecture Notes on Software Engineering 4, no. 1 (2016): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/lnse.2016.v4.215.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Antonioli, Daniele, Nils Ole Tippenhauer, and Kasper Rasmussen. "Key Negotiation Downgrade Attacks on Bluetooth and Bluetooth Low Energy." ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security 23, no. 3 (July 8, 2020): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3394497.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Liu, Chendong, Yilin Zhang, and Huanyu Zhou. "A Comprehensive Study of Bluetooth Low Energy." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2093, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2093/1/012021.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is an innovative technique that was firstly employed in Bluetooth 4.0 and is being applied in the Bluetooth 5.0 and 5.2 technologies. Bluetooth 5.0 and 5.2 technologies are now widely used in all kinds of electronic communication equipment (e.g., PCs, tablets, smartphones, wearable devices). BLE has the capacity to minimize the power consumption and equipment cost in the low-power devices, which becomes a competitive scheme among the huge number of standard wireless transmission techniques already existing in everyday life for a large number of applications. As one of the available solutions in wireless transmission, Bluetooth technology equipped with the BLE module is very suitable for developing internet of things (IoTs) technology, which is gaining more and more interest. This paper briefly introduces the modulation and encoding of the BLE standard in the physical layer (PHY). The applications of cyclic redundancy check (CRC) in BLE are then presented. Moreover, the main characteristics, including the maximum reachable range, transmission latency, and power consumption of BLE, are also introduced.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Fafoutis, Xenofon, Evgeny Tsimbalo, and Robert Piechocki. "Timing Channels in Bluetooth Low Energy." IEEE Communications Letters 20, no. 8 (August 2016): 1587–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2016.2574311.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Sun, Dazhi, and Yangguang Tian. "Address Privacy of Bluetooth Low Energy." Mathematics 10, no. 22 (November 19, 2022): 4346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10224346.

Full text

Abstract:

Bluetooth low energy (LE) devices have been widely used in the Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless personal area networks (WPAN). However, attackers may compromise user privacy by tracking the addresses of the LE device. The resolvable private address (RPA) mechanism provides address privacy protection for the LE device. Similar to Zhang and Lin’s work in CCS 2022, we investigate the privacy of the RPA mechanism in this paper. Our contributions are threefold. First, we discover that the RPA mechanism has a privacy weakness. The attacker can track the targeted device by exploiting the runs of the RPA mechanism when he intercepts the targeted device’s obsolete RPA value. Second, we propose an improved RPA mechanism to overcome the privacy weakness in the RPA mechanism. The improved RPA mechanism leads to a small amount of extra overheads without requiring modification to the basic cryptographic tools used in the standard specification. Third, we formalize a privacy model to capture the address privacy of the RPA mechanisms. Our improved RPA mechanism provides enhanced privacy guarantees to Bluetooth LE devices in wireless personal applications.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Kindt, Philipp H., Daniel Yunge, Robert Diemer, and Samarjit Chakraborty. "Energy Modeling for the Bluetooth Low Energy Protocol." ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems 19, no. 2 (March 17, 2020): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3379339.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Raj, Uttpal. "Bluetooth Low Energy: A Comprehensive Wireless Technology." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 9, no. 3 (2021): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.932110.

Full text

Abstract:

BLE, Bluetooth low energy is low power wireless communication technology that is used to connect a number of devices like smartphones, smart watches, wireless speakers, fitness watches, etc. at the same instance of time. Apple was the first phone to introduce BLE into their smartphone iphone4s back in 2011 and after that most of the companies started to include BLE into their devices for a faster reliable and secure connection. The technology was made in 2010 named Bluetooth smart also Bluetooth version 4.0 and then BLE5 was introduced in 2016 and the device versions which could run BLE are windows 8 or above, android 4.0 and above, IOS 5.0 and later, Linux 3.4, and mac OS 10.10 and above.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Agarwal, Karishma, and Deepak Sharma. "Wireless Communication Wibree (Bluetooth Low Energy Technology)." International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Computers 2, no. 2 (2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24001/eec.2.2.1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Kołton, Jakub. "IMPLEMENTACJA STOSU BLUETOOTH LOW ENERGY W MIKROKONTROLERACH." ELEKTRONIKA - KONSTRUKCJE, TECHNOLOGIE, ZASTOSOWANIA 1, no. 9 (September 30, 2022): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15199/13.2022.9.8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Harris III, Albert F., Vansh Khanna, Guliz Tuncay, Roy Want, and Robin Kravets. "Bluetooth Low Energy in Dense IoT Environments." IEEE Communications Magazine 54, no. 12 (December 2016): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2016.1600546cm.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Janik, P., M. Pielka, M. A. Janik, and Z. Wróbel. "Respiratory monitoring system using Bluetooth Low Energy." Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 286 (February 2019): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2018.12.040.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Faragher, Ramsey, and Robert Harle. "Location Fingerprinting With Bluetooth Low Energy Beacons." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 33, no. 11 (November 2015): 2418–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2015.2430281.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Tyler, Neil. "Tiny Bluetooth Low Energy Soc and Module." New Electronics 51, no. 20 (November 12, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/s0047-9624(22)61475-5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Al-Azam, Moh Noor, Mochamad Mizanul Achlaq, Aryo Nugroho, Adri Gabriel Sooai, Aris Winaya, and Maftuchah. "Broadcasting the Status of Plant Growth Chamber using Bluetooth Low Energy." MATEC Web of Conferences 164 (2018): 01029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816401029.

Full text

Abstract:

Mobile users are getting smarter in using their phones. Many tasks are usually completed or monitored via a computer screen, nowadays can be taken anywhere with Android phones or tablets. Likewise with features in the phone is increasingly sophisticated. Currently bluetooth version 4 is almost mandatory in all phones. Even for entry level phones are now equipped with bluetooth version 4. This paper discusses the use of Bluetooth Low Energy—which is part of bluetooth version 4, in providing information about the status of plant growth chamber conditions. By using this concept, all phones or tablets that have bluetooth version 4 and there are applications in it will be able to receive the latest chamber status. The results show that this way of broadcasting is very effective. The data required to be monitored by a laboratory technician can be continuously broadcasted so that anyone on duty will get instant information at his grasp.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Ndebugre, Moses Yirimeah, and Tülay Yıldırım. "Bluetooth Low Energy-based Indoor Localization using Artificial Intelligence." European Journal of Research and Development 2, no. 3 (October 17, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.56038/ejrnd.v2i3.102.

Full text

Abstract:

Bluetooth is one of the several technologies to cater to indoor localization. It has the lowest power consumption and good accuracy performance. In the world of IoT, data from sensors and software help in giving meaning to physical objects connected to the internet. This paper uses data gathered using Bluetooth Low-Energy sensors in predicting an agent's location in an indoor environment. We propose a Bluetooth-based model that is divided into two parts: a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) that trains on data transformed into images and ideas from Game Theory that uses the Markov Decision Process(MDP) to determine the exact location of the agent. The data to image transformation uses the Image Generator for Tabular Data (IGTD) algorithm, which considers the Euclidean distances between the access points in creating the images. The results show that the CNN trains well on transformed images and offers a solid approach to determining every beacon used for Bluetooth-based indoor localization. After a beacon is found, MDP finds the optimal policy to locate the access point under which the agent lies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Kriz, Pavel, Filip Maly, and Tomas Kozel. "Improving Indoor Localization Using Bluetooth Low Energy Beacons." Mobile Information Systems 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2083094.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper describes basic principles of a radio-based indoor localization and focuses on the improvement of its results with the aid of a new Bluetooth Low Energy technology. The advantage of this technology lies in its support by contemporary mobile devices, especially by smartphones and tablets. We have implemented a distributed system for collecting radio fingerprints by mobile devices with the Android operating system. This system enables volunteers to create radio-maps and update them continuously. New Bluetooth Low Energy transmitters (Apple uses its “iBeacon” brand name for these devices) have been installed on the floor of the building in addition to existing WiFi access points. The localization of stationary objects based on WiFi, Bluetooth Low Energy, and their combination has been evaluated using the data measured during the experiment in the building. Several configurations of the transmitters’ arrangement, several ways of combination of the data from both technologies, and other parameters influencing the accuracy of the stationary localization have been tested.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Zargaryan, Y. A., V. I. Koshensky, K. O. Kirsanov, and M. S. Presnyakov. "APPLICATION OF BLUETOOTH LOW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY TO CONTROL THE MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE INDOOR." IZVESTIYA SFedU. ENGINEERING SCIENCES, no. 3 (August 10, 2022): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/2311-3103-2022-3-103-118.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Shchekotov, M. S. "Method of indoor navigation and collaborative semi-automatic Wi-Fi radiomap construction." Information and Control Systems, no. 6 (December 18, 2018): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2018-6-95-104.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction:An important and complicated problem related to the multilateration of Wi-Fi or Bluetooth Low Energy signals as well as Wi-Fi fingerprinting is the procedure of infrastructure adjustment which includes Wi-Fi radio map construction and Wi-Fi or Bluetooth Low Energy radio signal path loss model calibration.Purpose:Developing a method for navigation and Wi-Fi radio map construction, which would provide user’s indoor navigation, Bluetooth Low Energy path loss model calibration and Wi-Fi radio map collaborative semi-automatic construction.Results:The paper presents a collaborative semi-automatic Wi-Fi radio map construction method based on the combination of Bluetooth Low Energy multilateration, Wi-Fi fingerprinting, Wi-Fi radio map collaborative semiautomatic construction procedure and semi-automatic Bluetooth Low Energy path loss model calibration. For the semi-automatic calibration procedure of the Bluetooth Low Energy signal propagation model and for the method of collaborative semi-automatic construction of Wi-Fi radio map and indoor navigation, a calibration algorithm and an algorithm of collaborative semi-automatic construction of Wi-Fi radio map and indoor navigation were proposed, respectively. A mobile application has been developed which implements the proposed algorithms in order to test them and analyze the results.Practical relevance:The proposed method allows you to avoid time-consuming procedures of constructing a map of Wi-Fi radio signals and semi-automatic calibration of Bluetooth Low Energy signal propagation in the offline phase.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Bai, Lu, Fabio Ciravegna, Raymond Bond, and Maurice Mulvenna. "A Low Cost Indoor Positioning System Using Bluetooth Low Energy." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 136858–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3012342.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Luo, Bingqing, Jincheng Gao, and Zhixin Sun. "Energy Modeling of Neighbor Discovery in Bluetooth Low Energy Networks." Sensors 19, no. 22 (November 16, 2019): 4997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19224997.

Full text

Abstract:

Given that current Internet of Things (IoT) applications employ many different sensors to provide information, a large number of the Bluetooth low energy (BLE) devices will be developed for IoT systems. Developing low-power and low-cost BLE advertisers is one of most challenging tasks for supporting the neighbor discovery process (NDP) of such a large number of BLE devices. Since the parameter setting is essential to achieve the required performance for the NDP, an energy model of neighbor discovery in BLE networks can provide beneficial guidance when determining some significant parameter metrics, such as the advertising interval, scan interval, and scan window. In this paper, we propose a new analytical model to characterize the energy consumption using all possible parameter settings during the NDP in BLE networks. In this model, the energy consumption is derived based on the Chinese remainder theorem (CRT) for an advertising event and a scanning event during the BLE NDP. In addition, a real testbed is set up to measure the energy consumption. The measurement and experimental results reveal the relationship between the average energy consumption and the key parameters. On the basis of this model, beneficial guidelines for BLE network configuration are presented to help choose the proper parameters to optimize the power consumption for a given IoT application.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Haka, A. M., V. P. Aleksieva, and H. G. Valchanov. "Deployment and analysis of Bluetooth low energy network." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1032 (January 21, 2021): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1032/1/012016.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Yumura, Tsubasa, Kunio Akashi, Tomoya Inoue, and Yasuo Tan. "BluMoon: Bluetooth Low Energy Emulator for Software Testing." Sensors and Materials 33, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.18494/sam.2021.2986.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Hou, Ting-Chao, and Kuo-Chang Huang. "Accurate Analysis on Bluetooth Low Energy Neighbor Discovery." Journal of Computer and Communications 08, no. 12 (2020): 231–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jcc.2020.812020.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Aguilar, Sergio, Rafael Vidal, and Carles Gomez. "Opportunistic Sensor Data Collection with Bluetooth Low Energy." Sensors 17, no. 12 (January 23, 2017): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17010159.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Karakaya, Murat. "Using Bluetooth Low Energy Beacons for Indoor Localization." International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications in Engineering 2, no. 5 (June 30, 2017): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18201/ijisae.2017528726.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

T’Jonck, Kristof, Bozheng Pang, Hans Hallez, and Jeroen Boydens. "Optimizing the Bluetooth Low-Energy Service Discovery Process." Sensors 21, no. 11 (May 31, 2021): 3812. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21113812.

Full text

Abstract:

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), a short-range and low-power communication protocol, has gained a lot of popularity in recent years. A part of BLE is the Generic Attribute Profile (GATT) which defines the data communication between two devices. During the initial connection between two BLE devices a discovery of services, characteristics and descriptors is required for the GATT to operate. During this discovery phase, the device is unusable as it builds the foundation for further data transactions. When unoptimized, this discovery step can take up to a few seconds, leading to frustrations for the end user or delays in some applications. In this paper, we aim to find guidelines on how to optimize this discovery process. A simulation framework was developed, able to simulate and analyze the packet exchange of the service discovery, while taking link layer parameters into account. The results show that minimizing the connection interval and maximizing the data length leads to the lowest discovery times. Practical experiments in real environment, however, show that the theoretically calculated times are not reachable due to processing overhead and retransmissions. Theoretical results also show that the current BLE discovery process, even after optimizations, has a lot of overhead. To fix the problems with the current protocol, this paper proposes a new Rapid Service Discovery Protocol, which enables a fast and efficient service discovery.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Bulić, Patricio, Gašper Kojek, and Anton Biasizzo. "Data Transmission Efficiency in Bluetooth Low Energy Versions." Sensors 19, no. 17 (August 29, 2019): 3746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19173746.

Full text

Abstract:

One important aspect when choosing a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) solution is to analyze its energy consumption for various connection parameters and desired throughput to build an optimal low-power Internet-of-Things (IoT) application and to extend the battery life. In this paper, energy consumption and data throughput for various BLE versions are studied. We have tested the effect of connection interval on the throughput and compared power efficiency relating to throughput for various BLE versions and different transactions. The presented results reveal that shorter connection intervals increase throughput for read/write transactions, but that is not the case for the notify and read/write without response transactions. Furthermore, for each BLE version, the energy consumption is mainly dependable on the data volume. The obtained results provide a design guideline for implementing an optimal BLE IoT application.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Song, Seung Whan, Youn Sang Lee, Fatima Imdad, Muhammad Tabish Niaz, and Hyung Seok Kim. "Efficient Advertiser Discovery in Bluetooth Low Energy Devices." Energies 12, no. 9 (May 6, 2019): 1707. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12091707.

Full text

Abstract:

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) has become ubiquitous in the majority of mobile devices that connect wirelessly. With the increase in the number of devices, the probability of congestion also increases in a network. Data channels of the BLE use frequency hopping, but it is not available for advertising channels. The capability of the BLE for providing a wide range of parameters settings ensures the impressive potential for BLE devices to customize their discovery latency. But communication before connection setup is not synchronous and both the scanning devices and the advertising devices are unaware of the timing parameters of each other. This can lead to inefficient advertiser device discovery. To resolve this issue, an algorithm is proposed to reduce the average latency per advertiser experienced due to the increase in the number of BLE devices in a vicinity. It is observed that the average latency has shown improvement in the range of 35% to 55%, depending on different simulated scenarios. Due to this improvement the overall energy consumption is also reduced.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Purba, J., and D. Wahyudin. "Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Based Power Window System." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 384 (July 2018): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/384/1/012029.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Panwar, Gaurav, and Satyajayant Misra. "Inside Bluetooth Low Energy (Gupta, N.) [Book Review]." IEEE Wireless Communications 24, no. 4 (August 2017): 2–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwc.2017.8014283.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Darroudi, Seyed Mahdi, Carles Gomez, and Jon Crowcroft. "Bluetooth Low Energy Mesh Networks: A Standards Perspective." IEEE Communications Magazine 58, no. 4 (April 2020): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.1900523.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Liu, Jia, Canfeng Chen, and Yan Ma. "Modeling Neighbor Discovery in Bluetooth Low Energy Networks." IEEE Communications Letters 16, no. 9 (September 2012): 1439–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2012.073112.120877.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Fachri, M., and A. Khumaidi. "Positioning Accuracy of Commercial Bluetooth Low Energy Beacon." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 662 (November 20, 2019): 052018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/662/5/052018.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Basalamah, Anas. "Sensing the Crowds Using Bluetooth Low Energy Tags." IEEE Access 4 (2016): 4225–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2016.2594210.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Long, Yan, Yongli Chen, Deyong Xiao, Zheng Li, Tianpeng Hou, and Zhiwei Zhang. "Research on a Bluetooth Low Energy Warning Method." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1631 (September 2020): 012162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1631/1/012162.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Omre, A. H., and S. Keeping. "Bluetooth Low Energy: Wireless Connectivity for Medical Monitoring." Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 4, no. 2 (March 1, 2010): 457–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/193229681000400227.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Kim, Jinbae, and Kijun Han. "Backoff scheme for crowded Bluetooth low energy networks." IET Communications 11, no. 4 (March 9, 2017): 548–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-com.2016.0462.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Luo, Bingqing, Jia Xu, and Zhixin Sun. "Neighbor discovery latency in bluetooth low energy networks." Wireless Networks 26, no. 3 (November 1, 2018): 1773–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11276-018-1864-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Natgunanathan, Iynkaran, Niroshinie Fernando, Seng W. Loke, and Charitha Weerasuriya. "Bluetooth Low Energy Mesh: Applications, Considerations and Current State-of-the-Art." Sensors 23, no. 4 (February 6, 2023): 1826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23041826.

Full text

Abstract:

With the proliferation of IoT applications, more and more smart, connected devices will be required to communicate with one another, operating in situations that involve diverse levels of range and cost requirements, user interactions, mobility, and energy constraints. Wireless technologies that can satisfy the aforementioned requirements will be vital to realise emerging market opportunities in the IoT sector. Bluetooth Mesh is a new wireless protocol that extends the core Bluetooth low energy (BLE) stack and promises to support reliable and scalable IoT systems where thousands of devices such as sensors, smartphones, wearables, robots, and everyday appliances operate together. In this article, we present a comprehensive discussion on current research directions and existing use cases for Bluetooth Mesh, with recommendations for best practices so that researchers and practitioners can better understand how they can use Bluetooth Mesh in IoT scenarios.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Budi, Agung Setia, Muhammad Hanif Azhar Efendi, Adhitya Bhawiyuga, and Mochammad Hannats Hanafi Ichsan. "Penerapan Mekanisme Komunikasi Multi-hop pada Bluetooth Low Energy." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer 9, no. 2 (February 24, 2022): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.2022925684.

Full text

Abstract:

<p><span lang="EN-US">Seiring dengan berjalannya waktu, perkembangan teknologi akan semakin pesat, begitu pun teknologi dalam bidang <em>wireless</em> <em>communication </em>atau komunikasi tanpa kabel. Salah satu teknologi <em>wireless</em> yang sudah ada cukup lama adalah <em>Bluetooth</em>, adapun pengembangan dari teknologi <em>Bluetooth</em> adalah <em>Bluetooth Low Energy </em>(BLE). Tujuan dikembangkannya BLE adalah agar sumber daya yang digunakan saat proses transmisi data lebih rendah dari <em>Bluetooth</em> yang sudah ada sebelumnya. Adapun terdapat beberapa batasan yang ada pada <em>Bluetooth Low Energy</em> (BLE), salah satunya adalah hanya dapat berkomunikasi satu dengan yang lainnya dalam jarak yang dekat dikarenakan adanya keterbatasan sumber daya. Berdasarkan dari permasalahan tersebut, pada penelitian ini dirancang mekanisme komunikasi <em>multi-hop </em>pada BLE untuk mengatasi permasalahan jarak yang terbatas. Pada penelitian ini, topologi yang digunakan adalah topologi <em>tree</em>, dan <em>hardware</em> yang digunakan adalah ESP32. Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan mekanisme komunikasi <em>multi-hop </em>pada BLE yang dirancang<em> </em>dapat diterapkan dengan sukses. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pengiriman data dari sebuah <em>Sensor</em> <em>Node</em> ke <em>Sink Node </em>yang melewati dua <em>Relay Node </em>(3-hop) membutuhkan waktu rata-rata 1846,4 <em>ms</em>.</span></p><p><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></p><p><em><strong><span lang="EN-US">Abstract</span></strong></em></p><p class="Abstract"><em>Technology has been being developed very fast in the last couple years. One of that technology is wireless communication. There are so many wirelees communication technologies arround us nowadays, such as Wi-Fi, LoRa, Zigbee,and Bluetooth. The recent update of Bluetooth technology is Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). The purpose of developing BLE is to decrease the energy used during the data transmission process. But there are some limitations in BLE. One of them is that we can only communicate with each other in a short distance due to resources limitation. Based on these problem, in this research we want to implement the multi-hop communication mechanism on BLE to overcome short distance communication problem. In this research, we use tree topology and ESP32 as the hardware. The results of this research shows that the mechanism of multi-hop communication on BLE can be applied successfully. The experiment result shows that the transmissionof data from a Sensor Node to a Sink Node through two Relay Nodes (3-hops) needs the average time of 1846,4 ms.</em></p><p><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></p>

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Darroudi, Seyed, Raül Caldera-Sànchez, and Carles Gomez. "Bluetooth Mesh Energy Consumption: A Model." Sensors 19, no. 5 (March 12, 2019): 1238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19051238.

Full text

Abstract:

The recent publication of the Bluetooth Mesh standard is a remarkable milestone in the evolution of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). As a new technology in the Internet of Things (IoT) market, it is crucial to investigate the performance of Bluetooth Mesh. However, while a fundamental feature of Bluetooth Mesh is its suitability for energy-constrained devices, this aspect has not yet been properly considered in the literature. In this paper, we model the current consumption, lifetime and energy cost per delivered bit of a battery-operated Bluetooth Mesh sensor node. The model is based on measurements performed on a real hardware platform. Evaluation results quantify the impact of crucial Bluetooth Mesh parameters. Among others, we have found that a sensor device running on a simple 235 mAh battery, and sending a data message every 10 s, can achieve a lifetime of up to 15.6 months, whereas the asymptotic lifetime is 21.4 months.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Eras, Leonardo, Federico Domínguez, and Caril Martinez. "Viability characterization of a proof-of-concept Bluetooth mesh smart building application." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 18, no. 5 (May 2022): 155013292210978. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15501329221097819.

Full text

Abstract:

Bluetooth low energy is an almost ubiquitous technology currently embedded in billions of power-constrained Internet of Things devices around the world. The Bluetooth mesh profile, released by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group in July 2017, allows Bluetooth low energy devices to form a mesh network, further enabling smart home and building applications where long-range connectivity is required. However, the current release of Bluetooth mesh profile still has power and deployment constraints that limit its applicability. To explore the viability of Bluetooth mesh profile in home/building automation applications, we built the Smart Doorbell: a proof-of-concept Bluetooth mesh profile–based visitor notification system for office spaces. The Smart Doorbell was implemented using a mesh network topology with nodes distributed across office building floors, serving as a real Internet of Things deployment and as a testbed for mesh network protocols. Similar Bluetooth mesh profile evaluations found in literature use mostly development kits and/or synthetic traffic in artificial settings; we contribute by using the Smart Doorbell, a system as close as possible to a minimum viable product, to evaluate power consumption and responsiveness as a proxy for product viability. This article presents the architecture of the Smart Doorbell, the viability evaluation results, and a direct comparison with FruityMesh, a competing Bluetooth low energy mesh network protocol. Overall, the fact that Bluetooth mesh profile devices can directly communicate with a user’s mobile phone (using Bluetooth low energy) considerably eases deployment and provisioning. However, the use of flooding to forward messages across the mesh network increases power consumption, precluding the use of battery-powered nodes on the network’s backbone and severely limiting the applicability of Bluetooth mesh profile in building automation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Kroener, M., K. Allinger, M. Berger, E. Grether, F. Wieland, S. Heller, and P. Woias. "A water-powered Energy Harvesting system with Bluetooth Low Energy interface." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 773 (November 2016): 012040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/773/1/012040.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Chen, Jing-Ho, Ya-Shu Chen, and Yu-Lin Jiang. "Energy-Efficient Scheduling for Multiple Latency-Sensitive Bluetooth Low Energy Nodes." IEEE Sensors Journal 18, no. 2 (January 15, 2018): 849–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2017.2759327.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Kurt Peker, Yeṣem, Gabriel Bello, and Alfredo J. Perez. "On the Security of Bluetooth Low Energy in Two Consumer Wearable Heart Rate Monitors/Sensing Devices." Sensors 22, no. 3 (January 27, 2022): 988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22030988.

Full text

Abstract:

Since its inception in 2013, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) has become the standard for short-distance wireless communication in many consumer devices, as well as special-purpose devices. In this study, we analyze the security features available in Bluetooth LE standards and evaluate the features implemented in two BLE wearable devices (a Fitbit heart rate wristband and a Polar heart rate chest wearable) and a BLE keyboard to explore which security features in the BLE standards are implemented in the devices. In this study, we used the ComProbe Bluetooth Protocol Analyzer, along with the ComProbe software to capture the BLE traffic of these three devices. We found that even though the standards provide security mechanisms, because the Bluetooth Special Interest Group does not require that manufacturers fully comply with the standards, some manufacturers fail to implement proper security mechanisms. The circumvention of security in Bluetooth devices could leak private data that could be exploited by rogue actors/hackers, thus creating security, privacy, and, possibly, safety issues for consumers and the public. We propose the design of a Bluetooth Security Facts Label (BSFL) to be included on a Bluetooth/BLE enabled device’s commercial packaging and conclude that there should be better mechanisms for informing users about the security and privacy provisions of the devices they acquire and use and to educate the public on protection of their privacy when buying a connected device.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Lee, Joyoung, Zijia Zhong, Bo Du, Slobodan Gutesa, and Kitae Kim. "Low-Cost and Energy-Saving Wireless Sensor Network for Real-Time Urban Mobility Monitoring System." Journal of Sensors 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/685786.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper presents a low-cost and energy-saving urban mobility monitoring system based on wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The primary components of the proposed sensor unit are a Bluetooth sensor and a Zigbee transceiver. Within the WSN, the Bluetooth sensor captures the MAC addresses of Bluetooth units equipped in mobile devices and car navigation systems. The Zigbee transceiver transmits the collected MAC addresses to a data center without any major communications infrastructures (e.g., fiber optics and 3G/4G network). A total of seven prototype sensor units have been deployed on roadway segments in Newark, New Jersey, for a proof of concept (POC) test. The results of the POC test show that the performance of the proposed sensor unit appears promising, resulting in 2% of data drop rates and an improved Bluetooth capturing rate.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Yurika, Sita Nurachmah, Imam Sucahyo, and Meta Yantidewi. "RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENGUKUR KETINGGIAN, TEKANAN UDARA, DAN TEMPERATUR UDARA DENGAN BLUETOOTH LOW ENERGY." Inovasi Fisika Indonesia 10, no. 3 (November 8, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/ifi.v10n3.p1-8.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang sebuah alat pengukur ketinggian, tekanan udara, dan temperatur udara yang dikemas dalam satu sistem alat. Sensor yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah BMP280 yang merupakan sensor tekanan dan temperatur udara, Sistem alat menggunakan ESP32 sebagai mikrokontrolernya. Peneliti mengimplementasikan bluetooth low energy dalam sistem alat yang berfungsi untuk mengirim data pengukuran ke android. Dengan penerapan bluetooth low energy, hasil dari pengukuran alat dapat diakses dengan android dan disimpan dalam bentuk log data pengukuran. Hasil pengukuran alat dapat diakses dengan android melalui aplikasi nRF Connect yang terpasang pada android. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pengukuran tekanan udara, temperatur udara, dan ketinggian oleh alat dalam penelitian ini cukup sesuai dengan hasil alat pengukur ketinggian, tekanan udara, dan temperatur udara konvensional. Berdasarkan perbandingan dengan hasil pengukuran alat ukur konvensional, hasilnya cukup mendekati sesuai dengan selisih hingga 0,4 hPa pada pengukuran tekanan udara, 6 MDPL pada pengukuran ketinggian, dan satu derajat Celsius pada pengukuran temperatur udara. Kata Kunci: BMP280, ESP32, bluetooth low energy Abstract This study aims to design a measuring device for altitude, air pressure, and air temperature which is packaged in one tool system. The sensor used in this research is BMP280 which is an air pressure and temperature sensor. The tool system uses ESP32 as its microcontroller. Researchers implemented bluetooth low energy in a tool system that serves to send measurement data to android. With the application of bluetooth low energy, the results of the measurement tools can be accessed by android and stored in the form of a measurement data log. The measurement results of the tool can be accessed with android through the nRF Connect application installed on android. Based on the results of the study, the measurement of air pressure, air temperature, and altitude by the tools in this study is quite in accordance with the results of conventional altitude, air pressure, and air temperature measuring devices. Based on the comparison with the results of conventional measuring instruments, the results are quite close to the difference of up to 0.4 hPa for air pressure measurements, 6 MDPL for elevation measurements, and one degree Celsius for air temperature measurements. Keywords: BMP280, ESP32, bluetooth low energy

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!