Relevant bibliographies by topics / Blys

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Blys'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Blys"

1

Scapini, Patrizia, Bernardetta Nardelli, Gianpaolo Nadali, Federica Calzetti, Giovanni Pizzolo, Cesare Montecucco, and Marco A. Cassatella. "G-CSF–stimulated Neutrophils Are a Prominent Source of Functional BLyS." Journal of Experimental Medicine 197, no. 3 (January 27, 2003): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20021343.

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B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) is a novel member of the TNF ligand superfamily that is important in B cell maturation and survival. We demonstrate that human neutrophils, after incubation with G-CSF or, less efficiently, IFNγ, express high levels of BLyS mRNA and release elevated amounts of biologically active BLyS. In contrast, surface expression of the membrane-bound BLyS was not detected in activated neutrophils. Indeed, in neutrophils, uniquely among other myeloid cells, soluble BLyS is processed intracellularly by a furin-type convertase. Worthy of note, the absolute capacity of G-CSF–stimulated neutrophils to release BLyS was similar to that of activated monocytes or dendritic cells, suggesting that neutrophils might represent an important source of BLyS. In this regard, we show that BLyS serum levels as well as neutrophil-associated BLyS are significantly enhanced after in vivo administration of G-CSF in patients. In addition, serum obtained from two of these patients induced a remarkable accumulation of neutrophil-associated BLyS in vitro. This effect was neutralized by anti–G-CSF antibodies, indicating that G-CSF, present in the serum, stimulated neutrophils to produce BLyS. Collectively, our findings suggest that neutrophils, through the production of BLyS, might play an unsuspected role in the regulation of B cell homeostasis.
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2

Goenka, Radhika, Andrew H. Matthews, Bochao Zhang, Patrick J. O’Neill, Jean L. Scholz, Thi-Sau Migone, Warren J. Leonard, William Stohl, Uri Hershberg, and Michael P. Cancro. "Local BLyS production by T follicular cells mediates retention of high affinity B cells during affinity maturation." Journal of Experimental Medicine 211, no. 1 (December 23, 2013): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20130505.

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We have assessed the role of B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) and its receptors in the germinal center (GC) reaction and affinity maturation. Despite ample BLyS retention on B cells in follicular (FO) regions, the GC microenvironment lacks substantial BLyS. This reflects IL-21–mediated down-regulation of the BLyS receptor TACI (transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor) on GC B cells, thus limiting their capacity for BLyS binding and retention. Within the GC, FO helper T cells (TFH cells) provide a local source of BLyS. Whereas T cell–derived BLyS is dispensable for normal GC cellularity and somatic hypermutation, it is required for the efficient selection of high affinity GC B cell clones. These findings suggest that during affinity maturation, high affinity clones rely on TFH-derived BLyS for their persistence.
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3

Chang, Sook Kyung, Bonnie K. Arendt, Jaime R. Darce, Xiaosheng Wu, and Diane F. Jelinek. "A role for BLyS in the activation of innate immune cells." Blood 108, no. 8 (October 15, 2006): 2687–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2005-12-017319.

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AbstractB-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand superfamily. Although BLyS costimulates adaptive immune cells, the ability of BLyS to stimulate innate immune cells has not been described. Here, we show that BLyS strongly induces human monocyte survival, and activation as measured by proinflammatory cytokine secretion and up-regulation of costimulatory molecule expression. In addition, monocytes cultured with BLyS differentiated into macrophage-like cells. Regarding BLyS receptor(s) expression, freshly isolated monocytes bound low levels of exogenous BLyS and expressed primarily intracellular TACI, and cell surface TACI levels increased following monocyte activation. Of interest, bone marrow monocytes from some multiple myeloma patients expressed significant levels of cell surface TACI at isolation. Our findings indicate that BLyS plays a role in activating innate immune cells. Moreover, this study may explain more clearly why high BLyS production is often correlated with certain inflammatory autoimmune diseases and B-lymphocyte malignancies.
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4

Elsawa, Sherine F., Anne J. Novak, Deanna M. Grote, Steven C. Ziesmer, Thomas E. Witzig, Robert A. Kyle, Stacey R. Dillon, Brandon Harder, Jane A. Gross, and Stephen M. Ansell. "B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) stimulates immunoglobulin production and malignant B-cell growth in Waldenström macroglobulinemia." Blood 107, no. 7 (April 1, 2006): 2882–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2005-09-3552.

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AbstractWaldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a serious and frequently fatal B-cell malignancy associated with an elevated monoclonal IgM protein in the serum. Many of the mechanisms leading to this disease are not yet known. B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) is a TNF family member that is critical for maintenance of normal B-cell development and homeostasis. BLyS is overexpressed in a variety of B-cell malignancies and has been shown to inhibit apoptosis in malignant B cells. It also regulates immunoglobulin secretion by normal B cells. To determine the relevance of BLyS in WM, we examined the role of BLyS in WM patient samples. Malignant B cells were found to bind soluble BLyS and variably express the receptors BAFF-R, TACI, and BCMA. We also found expression of BLyS in bone marrow specimens by immunohistochemistry and elevated serum BLyS levels in patients with WM. BLyS, alone or in combination with cytokines that induce immunoglobulin production, was found to increase IgM secretion by malignant B cells. Furthermore, BLyS was found to increase the viability and proliferation of malignant B cells from WM patients. Due to the role of BLyS in WM, strategies to inhibit BLyS may potentially have therapeutic efficacy in these patients.
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5

Novak, Anne J., Deanna M. Grote, Mary Stenson, Steven C. Ziesmer, Thomas E. Witzig, Thomas M. Habermann, Brandon Harder, et al. "Expression of BLyS and its receptors in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: correlation with disease activity and patient outcome." Blood 104, no. 8 (October 15, 2004): 2247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2004-02-0762.

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Abstract BLyS, recently shown to be critical for survival of normal B cells, has been found to be elevated in a number of immune disease models. A role for BLyS in the survival of malignant B cells has also been revealed and we therefore sought to identify a role for BLyS and its receptors in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). We found that tumor cells from all NHL histologic subtypes expressed one or more of 3 known receptors (BCMA, TACI, and BAFF-R) for BLyS; however, the pattern of expression was variable. We provide evidence that BLyS is expressed in tumors from patients with NHL and that BLyS levels increase as tumors transform to a more aggressive phenotype. Additionally, we provide evidence that serum BLyS levels are elevated in a subgroup of patients with NHL. In patients with de novo large B-cell lymphoma, a high BLyS level correlated with a poorer median overall survival, the presence of constitutional symptoms, and elevated values of lactic dehydrogenase. When BLyS levels were correlated with response to therapy in all patients, responding patients had a significantly lower BLyS level than those with progressive disease. In summary, we found that BLyS and its receptors represent a potentially important therapeutic target in B-cell lymphoma.
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6

Nardelli, Bernardetta, Ornella Belvedere, Viktor Roschke, Paul A. Moore, Henrik S. Olsen, Thi Sau Migone, Svetlana Sosnovtseva, et al. "Synthesis and release of B-lymphocyte stimulator from myeloid cells." Blood 97, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v97.1.198.

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Abstract B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) is a recently identified novel member of the tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily shown to exist in a membrane-bound and soluble form. BLyS was found to be specifically expressed on cells of myeloid lineage and to selectively stimulate B-lymphocyte proliferation and immunoglobulin production. The expression of a cytokine involved in potentiation of humoral immune responses, such as BLyS, is expected to be strictly controlled. The goal of the present study was to examine regulation of BLyS levels in monocytic cells in response to cytokines and during their differentiation to macrophages and dendritic cells. The presence of BLyS on the cell surface and in the culture medium of both normal blood monocytes and on tumor cells of myelomonocytic origin was demonstrated. BLyS gene expression and levels of membrane-associated and soluble BLyS were found to be regulated by cytokines, in particular interferon (IFN)-γ and to a lesser extent interleukin-10 (IL-10). The expression of BLyS on monocyte membranes was retained following differentiation into macrophages, but detection on the surface of monocyte-derived dendritic cells required stimulation with IFN-γ. Both IFN-γ and IL-10 enhanced the release of soluble BLyS that was active in B-cell proliferation assays. Cells transfected with BLyS complementary DNA mutated in a predicted cleavage site failed to release BLyS into the culture medium, thereby suggesting that soluble BLyS was derived from the membrane form. These results provide further support for an important role for BLyS expressed in myeloid cells in B-cell expansion and antibody responses.
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7

Ansell, Stephen M., Deanna M. Grote, Steven C. Ziesmer, Thomas E. Witzig, Robert A. Kyle, and Anne J. Novak. "B-Lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS) Is Highly Expressed in Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 2291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.2291.2291.

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Abstract Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia is a serious and frequently fatal illness, however many of the mechanisms leading to this disease are not yet known. It is clear, however, that there is dysregulation of the balance between cell proliferation and programmed cell death. BLyS (B-lymphocyte stimulator) is a newly identified TNF family member expressed by monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. BLyS has been shown to be critical for maintenance of normal B cell development and homeostasis, and has been found to stimulate lymphocyte growth. BLyS is overexpressed in a variety of B-cell malignancies and has been shown to inhibit apoptosis in malignant B-cells. Studies of the effects of BLyS on B cell physiology have shown that it also regulates immunoglobulin secretion. To determine the relevance of the BLyS receptor-ligand system in Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia, we examined malignant B cells from 5 patients with Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia for their ability to bind soluble BLyS and for the expression of the known BLyS receptors, TACI, BAFF-R, or BCMA. The malignant B cells were found to bind BLyS and express BAFF-R and TACI. BCMA expression was undetectable. We then determined the expression of BLyS in bone marrow specimens from 5 patients with Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia by immunohistochemistry and compared it to the expression in 5 normal bone marrow specimens. The lymphoplasmacytic cell infiltrate in the bone marrow of patients with Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia showed significantly increased BLyS expression. We further determined the serum BLyS levels by ELISA in stored serum specimens from patients with Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia (n=20), and compared them to serum BLyS levels in other patients with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma without elevated immunoglobulin levels (n=10) and to serum levels in normal controls (n=50). Serum BLyS levels in Waldenstrom’s patients (mean: 49.6ng/ml) as well as those in patients with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (mean; 46.7ng/ml) were significantly higher than normal controls (mean 12.6ng/ml). In conclusion, we have demonstrated that malignant B cells from patients with Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia express the receptors for BLyS and can bind soluble BLyS. Furthermore, we have found that serum BLyS levels are significantly elevated in patients with Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia when compared to controls. Strategies to inhibit BLyS may potentially have significant therapeutic efficacy in Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia.
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8

Weitzman, Jonathan B. "Absolute BlyS." Genome Biology 2 (2001): spotlight—20010822–01. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-spotlight-20010822-01.

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9

Novak, Anne J., Deanna M. Grote, Steven C. Ziesmer, Thomas E. Witzig, Shanafelt Tait, Timothy Call, Neil E. Kay, Diane F. Jelinek, James R. Cerhan, and Stephen M. Ansell. "Elevated BLyS Levels in Patients with Familial and Sporadic B-CLL: Correlation with BLyS Polymorphisms." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 964. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.964.964.

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Abstract Serum BLyS levels have been found to be elevated in a number of immune disease models and there is increasing evidence that this may correlate with pathogenesis of various B cell related disorders including B cell malignancies. While it is clear that BLyS expression is required for normal B cell development and homeostasis, the exact source of BLyS in these scenarios and definition of the mechanisms that control BLyS expression remain to be fully elucidated. Serum BLyS levels are elevated in a number of B cell malignancies known to have a familial incidence. Therefore, we sought to determine if there was any correlation between serum BLyS levels and family history of B cell cancers. In our initial studies we examined the serum BLyS levels in patients with sporadic vs. familial B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL; near relative with B-CLL, multiple myeloma, or non-Hodgkin lymphoma), and normal age-matched controls. In the normal controls (n=50), the mean serum BLyS level was 12.7 ng/ml, and we found that 4/50 (8%) had BLyS levels exceeding 20 ng/ml. In the sporadic CLL cohort (n=52), the mean serum BLyS level was 18.3 ng/ml, and we found that 5/52 (10%) had BLyS levels exceeding 20 ng/ml. In striking contrast, in the familial CLL cohort (n=24), the mean serum BLyS levels was 33.4 ng/ml, and we found that 11/24 (46%) had BLyS levels exceeding 20 ng/ml. The percentage of patients with elevated BLyS levels, as well as the mean BLyS levels in the familial CLL cohort compared to the normal controls, was significantly higher (mean, p=0.002) and suggests that elevated BLyS levels may correlate with familial CLL. Because of the correlation between BLyS levels and family history B cell malignancies, we next wanted to determine if there was a common underlying genetic event influencing BLyS expression in this group of patients. We began by sequencing the BLyS promoter in 19 patients with B-CLL and 11 normal controls. We identified 2 sites that were polymorphic, −661 A/G and −871 C/T. The −871 T/T genotype has been previously reported to be expressed at increased frequency in SLE patients and is associated with elevated BLyS mRNA levels. Using RFLP analysis we examined the presence of the two polymorphisms in our control, sporadic, and familial CLL cohorts. In the control group (n=50) we found that at −871, C/C (wildtype) was expressed in 24%, C/T in 54%, and T/T in 22% of patients. Similarily, in the sporadic CLL group (n=35) we found that at −871, C/C was expressed in 29%, C/T in 57%, and T/T in 14%. In the familial group (n=24) we found that at −871, C/C was expressed in only 8%, C/T in 67%, and T/T in 25%. These data suggest a decreased representation of −871 C/C in the familial group. No significant changes were observed between the three groups at the −661 A/G locus. Additionally, we found that none of the patients with BLyS levels exceeding 20 ng/ml expresses C/C at −871. In summary, our data suggest that BLyS levels are elevated in patients with familial CLL relative to both normal controls and individuals with sporadic CLL and that elevated BLyS levels may correlate with the presence of a T at −871 in the BLyS promoter.
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10

Elsawa, Sherine F., Anne J. Novak, Deanna M. Grote, Steven C. Zeismer, Thomas E. Witzig, Robert A. Kyle, and Stephen M. Ansell. "Role of B-Lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS) in Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.601.601.

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Abstract Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia (WM) is a serious and frequently fatal disorder characterized by the production of a monoclonal IgM protein, a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate in the bone marrow, and associated symptoms including anemia, lymphadenopathy and hyperviscosity. Many of the mechanisms leading to this disease are not yet known. It is clear, however, that there is dysregulation of the balance between cell proliferation and programmed cell death. BLyS (B-lymphocyte stimulator) is a TNF family member expressed by monocytes, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. BLyS has been shown to be critical for maintenance of normal B cell development and homeostasis, and has been found to stimulate lymphocyte growth. BLyS is overexpressed in a variety of B-cell malignancies and has been shown to inhibit apoptosis in malignant B-cells. Studies of the effects of BLyS on B cell physiology have shown that it also regulates immunoglobulin secretion. In previous work, we have shown that malignant B cells from patients with WM are able to bind soluble BLyS and variably express the BLyS receptors, BAFF-R, TACI and BCMA. We also found expression of BLyS in bone marrow specimens by immunohistochemistry and elevated serum BLyS levels in patients with WM. The goal of this study was to determine the functional role of BLyS-receptor ligand system in Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia and its relevance to the increased immunoglobulin production seen in this disease. Using cells from WM patients, we first examined the ability of BLyS to increase the secretion of IgM by malignant B cells. BLyS, alone or in combination with cytokines that induce plasmacytic differentiation and immunoglobulin production (IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12), was found to increase IgM secretion by malignant B cells. Mean baseline IgM levels significantly increased in cells treated with BLyS (p=0.03), cytokines (p=0.0002) and a combination of BLyS and cytokines (p<0.0001). We then determined the effect of BLyS on the survival of malignant B cells using Annexin-V/PI staining. Compared to cells cultured in media alone, BLyS was found to increase viability of malignant B cells from WM patients. Cell viability was normalized relative to the media-alone control and the median relative viability increased significantly compared to controls (median increase 41.2%; range 8 – 46%). Next, we examined the ability of BLyS to modulate cell proliferation using thymidine incorporation. Using WM patient samples, BLyS was found to significantly enhance the proliferation of malignant B cells (p=0.0002). Furthermore, addition of anti-Ig antibody further enhanced the ability of BLyS to promote the proliferation of malignant B cells (p<0.0001). In summary, we have demonstrated that BLyS enhances IgM secretion by malignant B cells from patients with Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia. We have also demonstrated the ability of BLyS to enhance the survival and proliferation of malignant B cells. Strategies to inhibit BLyS may potentially have therapeutic efficacy in Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Blys"

1

Ng, Man-wai. "Association of B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) polymorphisms with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B32053022.

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Ng, Man-wai, and 吳雯慧. "Association of B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) polymorphisms with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B32053022.

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Stevenson, Calum. "Database mining studies on protein-peptide and protein-protein interactions." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7644.

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A major area of interest is the identification of proteins that play a role in hormone dependent cancers and in collaboration with the MRC Centre for Reproductive Health we studied the gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor (GnRH-R). Other targets described in the thesis are the SH3 domain of PSD-95 and the protein BLyS. In order to identify potential inhibitory small molecules we have used a variety of computational data base mining approaches as well as using and developing experimental binding assays. It has become increasingly challenging to evaluate the most representative drug like small molecule compounds when using traditional high throughput screening methods. This thesis assesses the use of in silico tools to probe key protein-protein and protein-peptide interactions. These tools provide a means to identify enriched compound datasets which can be purchased and tested in vitro in a time and cost efficient way. The transmembrane protein GnRH-R provides an interesting opportunity to identify small molecules that could inhibit the binding of its peptide ligand GnRH. This is a challenging project as there are few examples in the literature of drug-like molecules that bind to such protein-peptide interfaces. The first step involved receptor modelling using solved crystal structures of homologous proteins. The model was then validated by developing structure activity relationships for established high affinity ligands. We also performed crystallographic and biophysical studies on the native GnRH decapeptide. Two other protein-protein systems were also examined using the same virtual screening and experimental ligand binding methodology. SH3 domains play an important role in cell signalling and we used the PSD-95 protein as our target for study as a crystal structure has been published. As well as identifying potential ligands we characterised structural properties of PSD-95 fusion proteins and also developed the basis for compound assay. The third system studied was B Lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS) which is a target for treatment of a number of autoimmune diseases. This presented an interesting target for study as the protein binds to multiple receptors depending on its multimeric state. BLyS protein was characterised using electron microscopy and other biophysical techniques.
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Capobianco, Marcela Petrolini [UNESP]. "Polimorfismos dos Genes CD40, CD40L e BLYS, associados na co-estimulação dos Linfócitos B, em indivíduos naturalmente infectados pelo Plasmodium vivax na Amazônia Brasileira." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92537.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-02-22Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:29:26Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 capobianco_mp_me_sjrp.pdf: 879411 bytes, checksum: 7dc3528f12158026ba11087f62447e13 (MD5)
Plasmodium vivax é a espécie mais prevalente de malária no Brasil. O processo co-evolutivo parasita-hospedeiro pode ser visto como uma ferramenta, na qual trocas genéticas adaptativas podem influenciar na diversidade da população. Objetivo: Investigar polimorfismos de genes envolvidos na resposta imune humoral visando identificar possíveis associações com a malária. Material e Métodos: a amostra foi constiuída por 103 pacientes com malária vivax não complicada e como grupo controle 97 indíviduos não-maláricos. A identificação dos SNPs –726T>C no gene CD40L, -1 C>T no gene CD40 e -871C>T no gene BLYS foram efetuadas pelo método de PCR-RFLP. As frequências genotípicas, alélicas e de indivíduos portadores de cada alelo foram estimadas por contagem direta. Também foram comparadas as frequências genotípicas observadas com as esperadas segundo o teorema de Hardy e Weinberg. Resultados: As freqüências genotípicas e alélicas para esses SNPs não diferiram estatisticamente entre pacientes e indivíduos do grupo controle. A combinação dos genótipos entre os genes CD40 e BLYS e entre CD40L e BLYS não revelou interação gênica na população estudada. Não foi observada associação entre resposta imune humoral e parasitemia nos indivíduos maláricos com os polimorfismos dos genes investigados. Ambos os genes se encontram em equilíbrio de Hardy e Weinberg. Conclusões: Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que as variantes genéticas analisadas nos genes CD40, CD40L e BLYS não afetam a funcionalidade das moléculas de modo que possa interferir na susceptibilidade a doença, mas estas variantes podem influenciar o curso clínico em vez de simplesmente aumentar ou diminuir a susceptibilidade
Plasmodium vivax is the most prevalent malaria species in Brazil. The parasite-host coevolutionary process can be viewed as an ‘arms race’, in which adaptive genetic changes in one are eventually matched by alterations in the other. Objectives: following the candidate gene approach we analyzed the CD40, CD40L and BLYS genes that participate in B-cell co-stimulation, for associations with P. vivax malaria. Methods: the study sample included 97 patients and 103 controls. We extracted DNA using the extraction and purification commercial kit and identified the following SNPs: -1C>T in the CD40 gene, –726T>C in the CD40L gene and the -871C>T in the BLyS gene using PCR-RFLP. We analyzed the genotype and allele frequencies by direct counting. We also compared the observed with the expected genotype frequencies using the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. Results: The allele and genotype frequencies for these SNPs did not differ statistically between patient and control groups. Gene-gene interactions were not observed between the CD40 and BLYS and between the CD40L and BLYS genes. Overall, the genes were in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. Significant differences were not observed among the frequencies of antibody responses against P. vivax sporozoite and erythrocytic antigens and the CD40 and BLYS genotypes Conclusions: the results of this study show that, although the investigated CD40, CD40L and BLYS alleles differ functionally, this variation does not alter the functionality of the molecules in a way that would interfere in susceptibility to the disease. Significance: The variants of these genes may influence the clinical course rather than simply increase or decrease susceptibility
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5

Capobianco, Marcela Petrolini. "Polimorfismos dos Genes CD40, CD40L e BLYS, associados na co-estimulação dos Linfócitos B, em indivíduos naturalmente infectados pelo Plasmodium vivax na Amazônia Brasileira /." São José do Rio Preto, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92537.

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Orientador: Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado
Banca: Ana Elizabete Silva
Banca: Karin Kirchgatter
Resumo: Plasmodium vivax é a espécie mais prevalente de malária no Brasil. O processo co-evolutivo parasita-hospedeiro pode ser visto como uma "ferramenta", na qual trocas genéticas adaptativas podem influenciar na diversidade da população. Objetivo: Investigar polimorfismos de genes envolvidos na resposta imune humoral visando identificar possíveis associações com a malária. Material e Métodos: a amostra foi constiuída por 103 pacientes com malária vivax não complicada e como grupo controle 97 indíviduos não-maláricos. A identificação dos SNPs -726T>C no gene CD40L, -1 C>T no gene CD40 e -871C>T no gene BLYS foram efetuadas pelo método de PCR-RFLP. As frequências genotípicas, alélicas e de indivíduos portadores de cada alelo foram estimadas por contagem direta. Também foram comparadas as frequências genotípicas observadas com as esperadas segundo o teorema de Hardy e Weinberg. Resultados: As freqüências genotípicas e alélicas para esses SNPs não diferiram estatisticamente entre pacientes e indivíduos do grupo controle. A combinação dos genótipos entre os genes CD40 e BLYS e entre CD40L e BLYS não revelou interação gênica na população estudada. Não foi observada associação entre resposta imune humoral e parasitemia nos indivíduos maláricos com os polimorfismos dos genes investigados. Ambos os genes se encontram em equilíbrio de Hardy e Weinberg. Conclusões: Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que as variantes genéticas analisadas nos genes CD40, CD40L e BLYS não afetam a funcionalidade das moléculas de modo que possa interferir na susceptibilidade a doença, mas estas variantes podem influenciar o curso clínico em vez de simplesmente aumentar ou diminuir a susceptibilidade
Abstract: Plasmodium vivax is the most prevalent malaria species in Brazil. The parasite-host coevolutionary process can be viewed as an 'arms race', in which adaptive genetic changes in one are eventually matched by alterations in the other. Objectives: following the candidate gene approach we analyzed the CD40, CD40L and BLYS genes that participate in B-cell co-stimulation, for associations with P. vivax malaria. Methods: the study sample included 97 patients and 103 controls. We extracted DNA using the extraction and purification commercial kit and identified the following SNPs: -1C>T in the CD40 gene, -726T>C in the CD40L gene and the -871C>T in the BLyS gene using PCR-RFLP. We analyzed the genotype and allele frequencies by direct counting. We also compared the observed with the expected genotype frequencies using the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. Results: The allele and genotype frequencies for these SNPs did not differ statistically between patient and control groups. Gene-gene interactions were not observed between the CD40 and BLYS and between the CD40L and BLYS genes. Overall, the genes were in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. Significant differences were not observed among the frequencies of antibody responses against P. vivax sporozoite and erythrocytic antigens and the CD40 and BLYS genotypes Conclusions: the results of this study show that, although the investigated CD40, CD40L and BLYS alleles differ functionally, this variation does not alter the functionality of the molecules in a way that would interfere in susceptibility to the disease. Significance: The variants of these genes may influence the clinical course rather than simply increase or decrease susceptibility
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6

Banham, Gemma. "Investigation of novel therapeutic strategies in B cell and antibody mediated disease." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/286226.

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Terminally differentiated B cells are responsible for antibody generation, a key component of adaptive immunity. IgG antibodies play an important role in defence against infection but can be pathogenic in some autoimmune diseases and in solid organ transplantation. In addition to antibody generation, there is increasing interest in the antibody-independent functions of B cells, including their ability to regulate immune responses via the production of IL10. In this thesis I firstly explored the therapeutic potential of belimumab, an anti-BLyS antibody, in an experimental medicine study in kidney transplant recipients. The rationale for this study was based on published studies showing that B cells activate alloreactive T cells and secrete human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and non-HLA antibodies that negatively affect graft function and survival, but may also play a protective role by regulating alloimmune responses promoting transplant tolerance. B-Lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS) is a cytokine that promotes B cell activation and survival. We performed the first randomized controlled trial using belimumab as early maintenance immunosuppression in kidney transplantation. In belimumab-treated subjects, we demonstrate a reduction in naïve and activated memory B cells, plasmablasts, IgG transcripts in peripheral blood and new antibody formation as well as evidence of reduced CD4 T cell activation and of a skewing of the residual B cell compartment towards an IL10-producing regulatory phenotype. This experimental medicine study highlights the potential of belimumab as a novel therapeutic agent in transplantation. In the second part of my project I performed a preclinical study investigating the potential efficacy of bromodomain inhibitors in reducing antibody-mediated immune cell activation. Immune complexed antigen can activate mononuclear phagocytes (MNP), comprising macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), via ligation of Fc gamma receptors (FcγR), that bind the Fc region of IgG. FcγR-dependent MNP activation results in profound changes in gene expression that mediate antibody effector function in these cells. The resulting inflammatory response can be pathological in the setting of autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and in antibody-mediated rejection in transplantation. BET proteins are a family of histone modification 'readers' that bind acetylated lysine residues within histones and function as a scaffold for the assembly of complexes that regulate gene transcription. Bromodomain inhibitors (I-BET) selectively inhibit the transcription of a subset of inflammatory genes in macrophages following toll-like receptor stimulation. Since MNPs make a key contribution to antibody-mediated pathology, we sought to determine the extent to which I-BET inhibits macrophage and DC activation by IgG. We show that I-BET delays phagolysosome maturation associated with build-up of immune complex (IC) whilst selectively inhibiting IC induced cytokine production. I-BET changed MNP morphology, resulting in a less adherent phenotype, prompting an assessment of its impact on DC migration. In vitro, in a three-dimensional collagen matrix, IgG-IC induced augmentation of DC chemotaxis to chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 19 (CCL19) was abrogated by the addition of I-BET. In vivo, two photon imaging showed that systemic I-BET treatment reduced IC-induced dermal DC mobilisation. Tissue DCs and transferred DC also had reduced migration to draining lymph nodes following I-BET treatment. These observations provide mechanistic insight into the potential therapeutic benefit of I-BET in the setting of antibody-associated inflammation.
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Sturm, Anna Katharina Verfasser], Johann O. [Akademischer Betreuer] [Schröder, and Michael [Gutachter] Weichenthal. "Einfluss der Krankheitsaktivität und der Therapiedauer auf die Wirksamkeit des BLYS-Inhibitors Belimumab bei Systemischem Lupus Erythematodes - Langzeituntersuchung an einer monozentrischen Lupuskohorte / Anna Katharina Sturm ; Gutachter: Michael Weichenthal ; Betreuer: Johann Oltmann Schröder." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2020. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8-mods-2020-00240-1.

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Sturm, Anna Katharina [Verfasser], Johann Oltmann [Akademischer Betreuer] Schröder, and Michael [Gutachter] Weichenthal. "Einfluss der Krankheitsaktivität und der Therapiedauer auf die Wirksamkeit des BLYS-Inhibitors Belimumab bei Systemischem Lupus Erythematodes - Langzeituntersuchung an einer monozentrischen Lupuskohorte / Anna Katharina Sturm ; Gutachter: Michael Weichenthal ; Betreuer: Johann Oltmann Schröder." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1215098235/34.

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Lien, Geir Josten. "Auto-tunable GPU BLAS." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for datateknikk og informasjonsvitenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-18411.

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In this paper, we present our implementation of an Auto tuning system, written in C++, which incorporate the use of OpenCL kernels. We deploy this approach on different GPU architectures, evaluating the performance of the approach. Our main focus is to easily generate tuned code, that would otherwise require a large amount of empirical testing, and then run it on any kind of device. This is achieved through the auto tuning framework, which will create different kernels, compile and run them on the device and output the best performing kernel on the given platform.BLAS is much used in performance critical applications, and is a good candidate for execution on GPUs due to its potential performance increase. Our implementation was benchmarked on various of test environments, with different GPUs, where we achieved comparable results to the ViennaCL library. We also tested against the native vendor specific BLAS libraries from AMD and NVIDIA.
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Kaplan, Steven. "Robert Bly and Randall Jarrell as translators of Rainer Maria Rilke : a study of the translations and their impact on Bly's and Jarrell's own poetry /." Frankfurt am Main : P. Lang, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36654972k.

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Books on the topic "Blys"

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Cancro, Michael P., ed. BLyS Ligands and Receptors. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-013-7.

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BLyS ligands and receptors. New York: Humana Press, 2010.

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Navarro, Christine. Le canton de Lagnieu au fil du temps: Ambutrix, Blys, Chazey-sur-Ain, Lagnieu, Leyment, Loyettes, Sainte-Julie, Saint-Sorlin-en Bugey, Saint-Vulbas, Sault-Brénaz, Souclin, Vaux-en-Bugey, Villebois. Villeurbanne: Mot' Diff, 2011.

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Dickson, Gordon R. Young Bleys. New York: Tom Doherty Associates, 1991.

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Sofronieva, T͡Sveta. Chikago blus. Sofii͡a: Fondat͡sii͡a Svobodno poetichesko ob-vo, 1992.

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Dickson, Gordon R. Young Bleys. London: Orbit, 1993.

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Hugo, Victor. Ruy Blas. [Paris]: Nathan, 1996.

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Eduardo, Wuffarden Luis, Blas Camilo 1903-1985, and Museo de Arte de Lima, eds. Camilo Blas. Lima: MALI, 2010.

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Kalinski, Witold. Tylko blysk. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo "Nowy Swiat", 2004.

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Young Bleys. New York: Tor, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Blys"

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Myles, Arpita, Jean L. Scholz, and Michael P. Cancro. "BAFF/BLyS Family." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 523–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67199-4_101556.

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Myles, Arpita, Jean L. Scholz, and Michael P. Cancro. "BAFF/BLyS Family." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 1–10. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6438-9_101556-1.

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Schneider, Pascal. "The Beautiful Structures of BAFF, APRIL, and Their Receptors." In BLyS Ligands and Receptors, 1–18. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-013-7_1.

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McLean, Lachy, Dhaya Seshasayee, Susan L. Kalled, and Flavius Martin. "Translation of BAFF Inhibition from Mouse to Non-human Primate and Human." In BLyS Ligands and Receptors, 221–43. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-013-7_10.

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Fu, Lingchen, Lan V. Pham, Yen-chiu Lin-Lee, Archito T. Tamayo, and Richard J. Ford. "BLyS/BR3 Receptor Signaling in the Biology and Pathophysiology of Aggressive B-Cell Lymphomas." In BLyS Ligands and Receptors, 245–63. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-013-7_11.

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Novak, Anne J., and Stephen M. Ansell. "Tipping the Scales of Survival: The Role of BLyS in B-Cell Malignancies." In BLyS Ligands and Receptors, 265–82. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-013-7_12.

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Khan, Wasif N., Nicholas P. Shinners, Iris Castro, and Kristen L. Hoek. "BAFF Receptor Regulation of Peripheral B-Lymphocyte Survival and Development." In BLyS Ligands and Receptors, 19–41. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-013-7_2.

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Gardam, Sandra, and Robert Brink. "Regulation of B-Cell Self-Tolerance By BAFF and the Molecular Basis of Its Action." In BLyS Ligands and Receptors, 43–63. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-013-7_3.

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Cerutti, Andrea, and Kang Chen. "Role of BAFF and APRIL in Antibody Production and Diversification." In BLyS Ligands and Receptors, 65–92. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-013-7_4.

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Hildebrand, Joanne M., Ping Xie, and Gail A. Bishop. "Signal Transduction by Receptors for BAFF and APRIL." In BLyS Ligands and Receptors, 93–114. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-013-7_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Blys"

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Spinelli, FR, C. Barbati, F. Ceccarelli, T. Colasanti, F. Morello, L. Massaro, V. Orefice, C. Alessandri, F. Conti, and G. Valesini. "SAT0228 Apoptotic effect of blys on endothelial cells and endothelial progenitor cells is mediated by blys receptros and is reverted by belimumab." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.6174.

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Spinelli, FR, C. Barbati, F. Ceccarelli, T. Colasanti, L. Massaro, F. Morello, C. Garufi, C. Alessandri, G. Valesini, and F. Conti. "PS7:136 Apoptotic effect of blys on endothelial cells and endothelial progenitor cells is mediated by blys receptors and is reverted by belimumab." In 11th European Lupus Meeting, Düsseldorf, Germany, 21–24 March 2018, Abstract presentations. Lupus Foundation of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2018-abstract.179.

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Mas, LA, S. Retamozo, F. Bonisconti, EV Palomino, JP Pirola, V. Saurit, A. Alvarellos, and T. Alvarellos. "THU0017 Combination of egfr and blys gene expression in lupus nephritis." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.4793.

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Cavazzana, I., C. Pozzari, R. Kumar, R. Ottaviani, M. Fredi, S. Piantoni, A. Tincani, and F. Franceschini. "P007 Autoantibodies’ titre changes during anti-BLyS treatment in systemic lupus erythematosus." In 39th European Workshop for Rheumatology Research, 28 February–2 March 2019, Lyon, France. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-ewrr2019.4.

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Cavazzana, Ilaria, Rajesh Kumar, Salvatore Panaro, Chiara Pozzari, Roberta Ottaviani, Micaela Fredi, Silvia Piantoni, Laura Andreoli, Angela Tincani, and Franco Franceschini. "AB0481 AUTOANTIBODIES’ TITRE MODULATION BY ANTI-BLYS TREATMENT IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2019, Madrid, 12–15 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.2613.

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Garcia, E. Grau, CM Feced Olmos, E. Sánchez Labrador, FM Ortiz-Sanjuan, M. Fernandez Matilla, N. Fernández-Llanio, I. Chalmeta Verdejo, et al. "AB0493 Blys upregulation is related to lymphopenia in systemic erythematous lupus patients." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.4186.

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Lyu, Mi-Ae, Lawrence H. Cheung, John W. Marks, and Michael G. Rosenblum. "Abstract 3378: The rGel/BLyS fusion toxin can overcome chemoresistance in malignant B cells.." In Proceedings: AACR 104th Annual Meeting 2013; Apr 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-3378.

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Luster, Troy A., Ipsita Mukherjee, Jeffrey A. Carrell, Yun Hee Cho, Jeffrey Gill, Andy Garcia, Christopher Ward, Stephen Ullrich, Thi-Sau Migone, and Robin Humphreys. "Abstract 3861: Fusion toxin BLyS-gelonin inhibits growth of B-NHL cell linesin vitroandin vivo." In Proceedings: AACR 103rd Annual Meeting 2012‐‐ Mar 31‐Apr 4, 2012; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-3861.

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Rodríguez-Carrio, J., M. Alperi-Lόpez, P. Lόpez, FJ Ballina-García, and A. Suárez. "AB0093 Blys and april overexpression in early rheumatoid arthritis: association with b cells and myeloid subsets." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.2687.

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Mesnyankina, Anna, Sergey Solovyev, Elena Aseeva, and Evgeny Nasonov. "AB0476 SPECIAL ASPECTS OF GLUCOCORTICOID THERAPY IN PATIENTS WHO TREATED WITH ANTI-B-CELL AND ANTI-BLYS THERAPY." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2019, Madrid, 12–15 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.4294.

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Reports on the topic "Blys"

1

Pozo, Roldan, and Karin A. Remington. NIST sparse BLAS user's guide. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.6744.

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Sarychev, Michael. Lifting BLS Power Supplies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1036782.

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Tremblay, T., and M. Lamothe. New contributions to the ice-flow chronology in the Boothia-Lancaster ice-stream catchment area, Nunavut. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331424.

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Within the Boothia-Lancaster ice stream (BLIS) catchment area, ice-flow patterns were reconstructed based on the synthesis of striation directions and crosscutting relationships, transport patterns of erratic boulders, glacial landforms, cold-based glacial landsystems, and ice-retreat chronology. New ArcticDEM data, high-definition satellite imagery, and multibeam echosounder bathymetric data sets provided increased details on ice-flow indicators. Convergent high-velocity ice flows through the BLIS main axis were major, persistent features in the northeastern Laurentide Ice Sheet through the last glaciation, and this study highlights intensity fluctuations and ice-flow pattern variations that occurred during that time. Highly contrasting glacial geomorphology, notably in the abundance of moraines, reflects marked differences in ice-margin retreat rates and patterns during deglaciation between the western and eastern sides of the BLIS.
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Tremblay, T., and M. Lamothe. New contributions to the ice-flow chronology in the Boothia-Lancaster Ice Stream catchment area. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331062.

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Within the Boothia-Lancaster Ice Stream (BLIS) catchment area, ice flow patterns were reconstructed based on the synthesis of striation directions and cross-cutting relationships, transport patterns of erratic boulders, glacial landforms, cold-based glacial landsystems, and ice-retreat chronology. New ArcticDEM data, high-definition satellite imagery and multibeam echosounder bathymetric datasets provided increased details on ice flow indicators. Convergent high-velocity ice flows through the BLIS main axis were major, persistent features in the northeastern Laurentide Ice Sheet through the last glaciation, and this study highlights intensity fluctuations and ice flow pattern variations that occurred during that time. Highly contrasting glacial geomorphology, notably in the abundance of moraines, reflects marked differences in ice-margin retreat rates and patterns during deglaciation between the western and eastern sides of the BLIS.
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Smith, Kimberly K. Effect of Resuscitation Training on BLS Skills. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627641.

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Bolduc, Paul R. Environmental Assessment for Lease of Lighthouse Complex at Cape San Blas. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada609306.

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Adams, Brian, Lara P. Loewenstein, Hugh Montag, and Randal J. Verbrugge. Disentangling Rent Index Differences: Data, Methods, and Scope. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26509/frbc-wp-202238.

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Prominent rent growth indices often give strikingly different measurements of rent inflation. We create new indices from Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) rent microdata using a repeat-rent index methodology and show that this discrepancy is almost entirely explained by differences in rent growth for new tenants relative to the average rent growth for all tenants. Rent inflation for new tenants leads the official BLS rent inflation by four quarters. As rent is the largest component of the consumer price index, this has implications for our understanding of aggregate inflation dynamics and guiding monetary policy. File is available with NTRR and ATRR indices through 2022q3.
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Hausman, Jerry, and Ephraim Leibtag. CPI Bias from Supercenters: Does the BLS Know that Wal-Mart Exists? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10712.

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Dearholt, W., and W. Joubert. Performance of the BLAS-1 and other mathematical kernels on the SGI/Cray Origin 2000 processor. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/562475.

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Balali, Vahid. Connected Simulation for Work Zone Safety Application. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2137.

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Every year, over 60,000 work zone crashes are reported in the United States (FHWA 2016). Such work zone crashes have resulted in over 4,400 fatal and 200,000 non-fatal injuries in the last 5 years (FHWA 2016, BLS 2014). Apart from the physical and emotional trauma, the annual cost of these injuries exceeds $4 million-representing significant wasted resources. To improve work zone safety, this research developed a system architecture for unveiling high-risk behavioral patterns among highway workers, equipment operators, and drivers within dynamic highway work zones. This research implemented the use of a connected virtual environment, which is an immersive hyper-realistic and virtual environment where multiple agents (e.g. workers, drivers, and equipment handlers) control independent simulators but experience an interactive and shared experience. For this project, the team conducted an in-depth analysis of accident investigation, simulated accident scenarios, and tested diverse interventions to prevent high-risk behavior. Overall, the research improved understanding of behavioral patterns that lead to injuries and fatalities of highway workers in order to better protect them in high-risk work environments. As part of making transportation smarter, this project contributes to smart behavioral safety analysis.
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