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1

Liu, Haiying, Terry A. Gipson, Ryszard Puchala, and Arthur L. Goetsch. "PSX-9 Relationships among body condition score, linear measures, body mass index, and growth performance of yearling Alpine doelings." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (2019): 465–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.917.

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Abstract Alpine doelings (54; initial BW and age of 31.7±0.38 kg and 306±1.9 days, respectively) were used to evaluate relationships among body condition score (BCS), linear measures and associated body mass indices (BMI), and growth performance. Doelings were allocated to treatments with ad libitum intake of diets of 75% alfalfa or sericea lespedeza. The experiment was 12 wk with two 6-wk periods. Linear measures included height at the withers (Wither), length from the point of the shoulder to hook bone (Hook) and pin bone (Pin), and circumference from heart girth (Heart). There were 13 BMI,
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2

Conte, Valeria, Barbara Floris, Pierluca Galloni, and Adriano Silvagni. "Sustainable vanadium(V)-catalyzed oxybromination of styrene: Two-phase system versus ionic liquids." Pure and Applied Chemistry 77, no. 9 (2005): 1575–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200577091575.

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Oxybromination reaction of styrene was performed in a two-phase system of water/ionic liquids (ILs). The aim of the work was to make the mild and efficient two-phase system previously developed for the vanadium(V)-catalyzed oxybromination of alkenes, inspired by the activity of haloperoxidase enzymes, even more interesting from a sustainable point of view. As in that case, a brominating intermediate was formed from the metal catalyst, H2O2, and bromide ion in the acid aqueous phase, but chlorinated solvents were replaced with ILs.[bmim+][PF6-], [bm2im+][PF6-], [bmim+][BF4-], [bmim+][CF3SO3-],
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3

Xu, Hang, and Dandan Zhang. "Viscosities and Conductivities of [BMIM]Zn(Ac)xCly(x=0,1,2,3; y=3,2,1,0) Ionic Liquids at Different Temperatures." Journal of Chemistry 2017 (2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7428097.

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Viscosity and conductivity data of BMIMZnAcxCly(x=0,1,2,3; y=3,2,1,0) ionic liquids were detected at temperature ranging from 323.15 to 353.15 K with an interval of 5 K. The conductivities of different ionic liquids at the same temperature followed the trend [BMIM][ZnAcCl2] > [BMIM][ZnAc2Cl] > [BMIM][ZnCl3] > [BMIM][ZnAc3]. The viscosities of different ionic liquid abided by the order [BMIM][ZnCl3] > [BMIM][ZnAcCl2] > [BMIM][ZnAc2Cl] > [BMIM][ZnAc3]. Acetate ion could reduce the viscosity of ionic liquids. The relationship between viscosity/conductivity and temperature obeyed
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4

Hatano, Naohiro, Takahiro Takekiyo, Hiroshi Abe, and Yukihiro Yoshimura. "Effect of Counteranions on the Conformational Equilibrium of 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids." International Journal of Spectroscopy 2011 (December 11, 2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/648245.

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We have investigated the nonspherical anion effect on the trans-trans (TT) and gauche-trans (GT) equilibrium in pure 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium ([bmim]+)-based room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) by the Raman spectroscopy. The intensity ratio of the [bmim]+ cation in [bmim]+-based RTILs having nonspherical anions changes with nature of the anions. However, the enthalpy change of the [bmim]+ cation is approximately −1.0 kJ/mol for all [bmim]+-based RTILs used in this study and is independent of the anionic species. The present results indicate that the conformational stability of the [bmim]
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5

Kang, Sang Wook. "Long-Term Stable 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate/Ag Metal Composite Membranes for Facilitated Olefin Transport." Membranes 10, no. 8 (2020): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10080191.

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For the preparation of long-term stable ionic liquid/Ag nanoparticles composites, we compared the separation performance of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIM+BF4−)/Ag, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIM+PF6−)/Ag composite membranes with time. Separation performance showed that the BMIM+PF6−/Ag metal composite membrane was more stable than the BMIM+BF4−/Ag metal composite membrane for more than 160 h. These differences in long-term stability in BMIM+PF6−/Ag and BMIM+BF4−/Ag metal composite membranes was attributable to the phase separation between ionic
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6

Ren, Ai Ling, Dan Dan Zhang, Er Hong Duan, Bin Guo, and Jian Zhong Chen. "pH of Toluene in [Bmim][BF4] and [Bmim][PF6] Ionic Liquids." Advanced Materials Research 393-395 (November 2011): 1328–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.393-395.1328.

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The pH value of binary mixtures containing toluene and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Bmim][PF6]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim][BF4]) ionic liquids over the range of ionic liquids mole fraction (xIL) from (1.0 to 0.60) and temperature range from (293.15 to 340.65) K were measured. The range of the pH values of toluene and [Bmim][BF4] and [Bmim][PF6] were from (3.16 to 4.63) and (5.57 to 7.55), respectively. Comparison showed that the pH of toluene in the two ionic liquids was in sequence: [Bmim][BF4] < [Bmim][PF6]. The temperature dependency of
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7

Wolf, Silke, Yanhua Lan, Annie Powell, and Claus Feldmann. "[BMIm][Fe(OTf)3], [BMIm][Mn(OTf)3], [BMIm][Li(OTf)2] – Three One-dimensional Infinite Coordination Polymers." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 68, no. 1 (2013): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5560/znb.2013-2233.

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By heating of FeCl2 and MnCl2 in the ionic liquid [BMIm][OTf] (BMIm: 1-butyl-3- methylimidazolium, OTf: trifluoromethanesulfonate), the compounds [BMIm][M(OTf)3] (M: Fe+II, Mn+II) have been obtained as colorless crystals. Similarly, [BMIm][Li(OTf)2] was synthesized by heating of LiCl in [BMIm][OTf]. While the crystal quality of the [BMIm][M(OTf)3] (M: Fe+II, Mn+II) products thus obtained is low, mild oxidation of Fe(CO)5 or Mn2(CO)10 with GeI4 applied as an alternative in the same ionic liquid allowed a slow growth of well-formed, needle-shaped crystals. According to X-ray structure analysis b
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8

Dyson, Paul J., and Gábor Laurenczy. "Determination of the Viscosity of the Ionic Liquids [bmim][PF6] and [bmim][TF2N] Under High CO2 Gas Pressure Using Sapphire NMR Tubes." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 63, no. 6 (2008): 681–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2008-0614.

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The viscosities of the ionic liquids [bmim][PF6] and [bmim][TF2N] (bmim = 1-methyl-3- butylimidazolium, TF2N = bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) have been determined under CO2 pressure at 298 K. The viscosity decreases from 381 to 23 cP for [bmim][PF6] without CO2 and for 2.17 molal CO2 solutions (mole fraction XCO₂ = 0.381, 55 bar CO2), respectively. For [bmim][TF2N] the viscosity decreases from 54 cP for the ionic liquid to 21 cP for a 1.61 molal solution of CO2 (mole fraction XCO₂ = 0.403, 55 bar CO2).
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9

Hajfarajollah, Hamidreza, Babak Mokhtarani, Kambiz Akbari Noghabi, Ali Sharifi, and Mojtaba Mirzaei. "Antibacterial and antiadhesive properties of butyl-methylimidazolium ionic liquids toward pathogenic bacteria." RSC Adv. 4, no. 80 (2014): 42751–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra07055k.

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10

Wen, Xinmin. "Williamson reaction in [bmim][BF4]: Clean and facile synthesis of aryl benzyl ethers." Journal of Chemical Research 2005, no. 10 (2005): 663–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/030823405774663147.

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1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmin][BF4]) has been demonstrated to be a suitable reaction medium for the synthesis of aryl benzyl ethers by the Williamson reaction. A variety of phenols react with benzyl chloride in [bmim][BF4] to afford the desired ethers in satisfactory yields. The reaction proceeds cleanly and the use of the ionic liquid allows for easy product isolation.
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11

Guo, Bin, Liang Gao, Er Hong Duan, Ai Ling Ren, and Jian Zhong Chen. "pH of N,N-Dimethylformamide in [Bmim][BF4] and [Bmim][PF6] Ionic Liquids." Advanced Materials Research 393-395 (November 2011): 1322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.393-395.1322.

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The pH value of binary mixtures containing N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim][BF4]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Bmim][PF6]) ionic liquids over the range of N,N-dimethylformamide mole fraction from (0.1 to 0.9) and temperature range from (293.15 to 338.15) K were measured. The range of pH values of N,N-dimethylformamide and [Bmim][BF4] and [Bmim][PF6] were from (3.42 to 6.50) and (6.98 to 9.74), respectively. Comparison showed that the pH of N,N-dimethylformamide in the two ionic liquids was in sequence: [Bmim][BF4] &l
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12

Wang, Bao Chun, Guan Sen Jiang, Xun Chen, Di Wu, Yu Mei Zhang, and Hua Ping Wang. "Rheological Characteristic of Concentrated Cellulose Diacetate Solutions with 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride as Solvent." Advanced Materials Research 332-334 (September 2011): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.332-334.309.

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1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl) was applied as solvent to dissolve the cellulose diacetate (CDA) directly. The solution rheology of CDA in [BMIM]Cl was investigated by steady shear and oscillatory shear measurements. In the range of the concentration and temperature studied, CDA/[BMIM]Cl solutions showed the typical shear-shinning behavior and the viscosity decreases with increasing temperature. Compared with the cellulose solutions in [BMIM]Cl, the smaller apparent viscosity of CDA/[BMIM]Cl was shown, which mainly resulted from the weakened interaction between substituted cell
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13

Wang, Tao, Gao Xiao, Ling Zhao, and Jian Hua. "The Catalysts Performance of [Bmim]6PMO9V3O40/ACF on Flue Gas Desulfurization." Materials Science Forum 743-744 (January 2013): 751–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.743-744.751.

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The supported [Bmim]6PMo9V3O40was synthesised by using the ion liquid [Bmim]Cl and heteropoly acid H6PMo9V3O40, and was supported on the active carbon fibre.The results of FT-IR showed that the structure of Ionic liquid cation and anion heteropoly acid on the active carbon fibre did not changed during the synthesising and supporting of the [Bmim]6PMo9V3O40. The catalysts performance of [Bmim]6PMo9V3O40/ACF on Flue Gas Desulfurization was investigated. The investigation was focused on the influence of the capacity of [Bmim]6PMo9V3O40, the oxygen centent, and reaction temperature on [Bmim]6PMo9V
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14

Mutalib, Nor Fariza Abd, Mohamad Azmi Bustam, Mohd Dzul Hakim Wirzal, and Alamin Idris. "A Prediction for the Conversion Performance of H2S to Elemental Sulfur in an Ionic-Liquid-Incorporated Transition Metal Using COSMO-RS." Chemistry 4, no. 3 (2022): 811–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemistry4030058.

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In the present study, the conversion performance of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to elemental sulfur in ionic-liquid-incorporated transition metals (ILTMs) is predicted using a conductor-like screening model for realistic solvents (COSMO-RS). The predictions were made via the establishment of a correlation between the conversion performance and solubility of H2S in ionic liquids (ILs). All molecules involved were optimized at the DFT/TZVP/M06 computational level and imported on the COSMOtherm program at equimolar conditions. For validation purposes, the solubility of ILs was predicted at 1 bar press
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15

Li, Qiang Wei, Yi Zhao, and Li Dong Wang. "Capture of CO2 by [bmim]PF6 Ionic Liquid under Normal Temperature and Pressure Conditions." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.116.

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Subscript textCO2 emission control is an important issue, in which chemical absorption process has reached the widest application. Ionic liquid is a kind of green solvent and expected to take the place of traditional amine absorbents as for its better characteristics. In this paper, two iminazole base ionic liquids were synthesized, including of bromide 1-butyl-3-methylimidazo ([bmim]Br) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim]PF6). The performance of CO2 absorption by [bmim]PF6 and [bmim]Br were compared under the same other conditions. Subscript textIt indicates that [bmim
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16

Pan, Zhong Wei, Chang Ma, Ying Wu Zhang, Yu Xia Huang, Xing Lin Chen, and Xue Ping Zhang. "Extraction Behavior of Rare Earths in Ion Liquid Extraction System Using 1-Butyl-3-Methyl-Imidazolium Hexafluorophosphate and Benzoyl Acetone." Advanced Materials Research 335-336 (September 2011): 1428–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.335-336.1428.

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The extraction behavior of five rare earth ions (RE3+) was investigated in ionic liquid (IL) extraction system using 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid ([Bmim]PF6) as extraction solvent and benzoyl acetone (HA) as extractant. The extraction percentage of RE3+ using [Bmim]PF6 was less than 8% without HA. When sufficient HA was included in IL phase, the extraction percentage of RE3+ could be higher than 98%. The extracted species in the RE3+-[Bmim]PF6-HA system was neutral REA3 and the recovery of RE3+ extracted into [Bmim]PF6 can be achieved using the mixture of hydra
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17

Pan, Zhong Wei, Chang Ma, Hai Long Zhou, Ting Lian, Chuan Ye Lai, and Cheng Li. "Extraction Behavior of Mercury(II) and Cadmium(II) in Ion Liquid Extraction System Using 1-Butyl-3-Methyl-Imidazolium Hexafluorophosphate and 8-Hydroxyl-Quinoline." Applied Mechanics and Materials 117-119 (October 2011): 1103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.117-119.1103.

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The extraction behavior of metal ions (Hg2+ and Cd2+, M2+) was investigated in ionic liquid (IL) extraction system using 1-butyl-3-methyl- imidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid ([Bmim]PF6) as extraction solvent and 8-hydroxyl-quinoline (HQ) as extractant. The extraction percentage of M2+ using [Bmim]PF6 was less than 5% without HQ. When sufficient HQ was included in IL phase, the extraction percentage of M2+ could be higher than 98%. The extracted species in the M2+-[Bmim]PF6-HQ system was neutral MQ2 and the recovery of M2+ extracted into [Bmim]PF6 can be achieved using 0.25 mol•L-1 HN
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18

Tong, Yanjie, Qijun Wang, Yafan Bi, et al. "Influence of Ionic Liquid 1- butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride on the Soil Micro-Ecological System." Open Biotechnology Journal 6, no. 1 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874070701206010001.

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In order to evaluate the influence of ionic liquid 1- butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) on the soil micro-ecological system, the toxicity of [Bmim]Cl to soil microorganisms and its impact on soil physico-chemical properties were investigated. Three soil samples, which were taken from the rape land, nursery land and the broad bean land respectively, were used for this study. The toxicity test results show that the [Bmim]Cl inhibited the growth of soil microorganisms including bacteria and actinomycetes. This inhibition became stronger with the [Bmim]Cl concentration increasing. The
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19

Huang, Wenjing, Yanjie Tong, Wangxiang Huang, et al. "Influence of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride on the Ethanol Fermentation Process of Pichia pastoris GS115." Open Biotechnology Journal 9, no. 1 (2015): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874070701509010109.

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To evaluate the influence of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) on the ethanol fermentation process of Pichia pastoris GS115, this paper investigated the yeast growth, ethanol formation and the fermentable sugars consumption during the ethanol fermentation process of Pichia pastoris GS115 at different [Bmim]Cl concentrations in the medium. The results indicated that the [Bmim]Cl had no influence on the ethanol fermentation process at its concentration less than 0.0001 g.L-1. The [Bmim]Cl inhibited the yeast growth and had a negative effect on ethanol formation at its concentration
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20

Pan, Zhong Wei, Sheng Guo Zhao, Tian Ci Wu, and Jin Ding Pan. "Extraction Behavior of Rare Earths in Ion Liquid Extraction System Using 1-Butyl-3-Methyl-Imidazolium Hexafluorophosphate and 5,7-Dichloro-8-Hydroxy Quinoline." Applied Mechanics and Materials 189 (July 2012): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.189.75.

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The extraction behavior of five rare earth ions (RE3+) was investigated in ionic liquid (IL) extraction system using 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Bmim]PF6) ionic liquid as extraction solvent and 5,7-dichloro-8-hydroxy quinoline (HQ) as extractant. The extraction percentage of RE3+ using [Bmim]PF6 was less than 8% without HQ. When sufficient HQ was included in IL phase, the extraction percentage of RE3+ could be higher than 99% except La3+. The extracted species in the RE3+-[Bmim]PF6-HQ system was neutral REQ3 and complete recovery of RE3+ extracted into [Bmim]PF6 can be a
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21

Liu, Yuyan, Hongjun Kang, Xianyun Gong, Lifei Mao, and Sonquan Wu. "The effect of ionic liquids on the decomposition behavior of epoxy resin in subcritical water." RSC Advances 5, no. 19 (2015): 14553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra14898c.

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The [Bmim]BF<sub>4</sub> and [Bmim]Cl/xZnCl<sub>2</sub> (x = 0.67) ionic liquids could improve the decomposition ratio, which was attributed to the ionized H<sup>+</sup> from [Bmim]<sup>+</sup>. Meanwhile, the decomposition kinetics of resin system in subcritical water was also studied.
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22

Azhar, Fatin Nor Arissa, Mohd Faisal Taha, Siti Musliha Mat Ghani, Muhammad Syafiq Hazwan Ruslan, and Noor Mona Md Yunus. "Experimental and Mathematical Modelling of Factors Influencing Carbon Dioxide Absorption into the Aqueous Solution of Monoethanolamine and 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Dibutylphosphate Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)." Molecules 27, no. 6 (2022): 1779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27061779.

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This paper investigated the solubility of carbon dioxide (CO2) in an aqueous solution of monoethanolamine (MEA) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dibutylphosphate ((BMIM)(DBP)) ionic liquid (IL) hybrid solvents. Aqueous solutions of MEA-(BMIM)(DBP) hybrid solvents containing different concentrations of (BMIM)(DBP) were prepared to exploit the amine’s reactive nature, combined with the IL’s non-volatile nature for CO2 absorption. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was used to design the CO2 solubility experiments and to investigate the effects of three inde
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23

Zhu, Shengdong, Pei Yu, Mingke Lei, et al. "Investigation of the toxicity of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride to Saccharomyces cerevisiae AY93161 for lignocellulosic ethanol production." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 15, no. 2 (2013): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2013-0029.

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Ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials has provided a new technical tool to improve lignocellulosic ethanol production. To evaluate the influence of the residual IL in the fermentable sugars from enzymatic hydrolysis of IL pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials on the subsequent ethanol fermentation, the toxicity of the IL 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl) to Saccharomyces cerevisiae AY93161 was investigated. Firstly, the morphological structure, budding and metabolic activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae AY93161 at different [BMIM]Cl concentrations were ob
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24

Reddy, P. Madhusudhana, R. Umapathi та P. Venkatesu. "A green approach to offset the perturbation action of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide on α-chymotrypsin". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, № 1 (2015): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp04180a.

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25

Cheng, Cheng, Chenglong Zhang, Jiachao Jiang, En Ma, Jianfeng Bai, and Jingwei Wang. "Raman Spectroscopy Characterization of Dissolved Polysilicon Byproduct SiCl4 in Ionic Liquids." Journal of Spectroscopy 2018 (2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2329189.

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Silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4) is the main byproducts of the polysilicon industries. The dissolution behaviors of SiCl4 in imidazolium ionic liquid, including [Bmim]OTf, [Bmim]NTf2, [Hmim]NTf2, and [Omim]NTf2, were investigated for recycling Si from SiCl4. Raman spectroscopy was used to understand the combination between the ionic liquid and SiCl4, and the conductivity of ionic liquids in different conditions was determined. The results indicated that [Bmim]NTf2 exhibited a better SiCl4 dissolving capacity compared to [Bmim]OTf, longer alkyl chain lengths in the imidazolium cations of the ionic
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26

Li, Junpeng, and Rui Wang. "Polyoxometalate/Ionic Liquid Desulfurization System for Hydrogen Sulfide Removal from High-Temperature Gas Stream." Molecules 27, no. 19 (2022): 6723. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27196723.

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The temperature of industrial gas containing harmful H2S can reach hundreds of degrees. However, few processes can be used directly for H2S removal from industrial high-temperature gas. In this work, three polyoxometalates with different central atoms ((n-Bu4N)3VMo12O40, (n-Bu4N)3PMo12O40, and (n-Bu4N)4[α-SiMo12O40]) were synthesized and dissolved in four ionic liquids (Bmim]Cl, [Bmim]HCO3, [Bmim]Mes, or [Bmim]OAc) for H2S removal from high-temperature (90–180 °C) gases. The result showed that (n-Bu4N)3VMo12O40/[Bmim]OAc exhibited the optimal desulfurization performance, maintaining more than
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27

Pan, Zhong Wei, Guo Qing Li, and Liang Bao Lin. "Extraction Behavior of Scandium Cation in Ion Liquid Extraction System Using 1-Butyl-3-Methyl-Imidazolium Hexafluorophosphate and 2-Ethylhexyl Phosphonic Acid-2-Ethylhexyl Ester." Advanced Materials Research 306-307 (August 2011): 1524–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.306-307.1524.

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The extraction behavior of scandium ion (Sc3+) was investigated using 1-butyl-3-methyl -imidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Bmim]PF6­) ionic liquid as extraction solvent and 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid-2-ethylhexyl ester (P507, HA) as extractant. The extractablity of Sc3+ using [Bmim]PF6­ was less than 5% without P507. When the initial P507 concentration in IL phase was 0.2 mol/L, percentage extraction of 5×10-5 mol·L-1 Sc3+ exceeded 99%. The results showed that the extracted species in the Sc3+­-P507-[Bmim]PF6 system was neutral ScA3 and [Bmim]PF6 solvent could be used repeatedly.
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28

Meischein, Michael, Marvin Fork, and Alfred Ludwig. "On the Effects of Diluted and Mixed Ionic Liquids as Liquid Substrates for the Sputter Synthesis of Nanoparticles." Nanomaterials 10, no. 3 (2020): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10030525.

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The synthesis of nanoparticles by combinatorial sputtering in ionic liquids is a versatile approach for discovering new materials. Whereas the influence on nanoparticle formation of different pure ionic liquids has been addressed, the influence of (I) dilution of ionic liquid with solvents and (II) different mixtures of ionic liquids is less known. Therefore, mixtures of the ionic liquid [Bmim][(Tf)2N] with the organic solvent anisole and other ionic liquids ([Bmim][(Pf)2N], [BmPyr][(Tf)2N]) were used as liquid substrates for the sputter synthesis of nanoparticles, in order to investigate the
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29

Zeng, Kun, Yong Lai Xue, Xia Hong, Fang Ma, Chang Ri Han, and Dao Lin Du. "Genotoxicity of 1-1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Ionic Liquids on Pakchoi (Brassica campestris L. ssp. Chinensis) Using ISSR Markers." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.3.

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Ionic liquids (ILs) are one class of important industrial chemicals that may replace conventional organic solvents. Due to the solubility, the toxicity study of ILs focused on aquatic mediums. However, there is seldom research for the the toxicity on terrestrial organism. In this paper, we studied the toxicity of three imidazolium ionic liquids 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride ([Bmim][CL]), 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim][BF4]), and 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium trifluoroacetate ([Bmim][CF3COOH]) on seed germination and seedling growth of pakchoi. Inter-simple sequen
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30

Wang, Teng-Hui, Li-Wen Hsu, and Hai-Chou Chang. "Structural Reorganization of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids Induced by Pressure-Enhanced Ionic Liquid—Polyethylene Oxide Interactions." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 2 (2021): 981. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020981.

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Mixtures of polyethylene oxide (PEO, M.W.~900,000) and imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) are studied using high-pressure Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. At ambient pressure, the spectral features in the C–H stretching region reveal that PEO can disturb the local structures of the imidazolium rings of [BMIM]+ and [HMIM]+. The pressure-induced phase transition of pure 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([BMIM]Br) is observed at a pressure of 0.4 GPa. Pressure-enhanced [BMIM]Br-PEO interactions may assist PEO in dividing [BMIM]Br clusters to hinder the aggregation of [BMIM]Br under high p
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31

Li, Yan Fang, Juan Han, Yun Wang, Jing Jing Ma, and Yong Sheng Yan. "Partitioning of Cephalexin in Ionic Liquid Aqueous Two-Phase System Composed of 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate andZnSO4." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/193671.

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Ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (ILATPS) was applied in the extraction and separation of hydrosoluble antibiotics. The partitioning behavior of cephalexin (CEX) in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim]BF4)-ZnSO4aqueous two-phase system was studied by the partitioning parameter of the extraction efficiency. The effect of the volume of [Bmim]BF4, the concentration of ZnSO4, temperature, pH, and the volume of ZnSO4solution was discussed concretely. When the volume of [Bmim]BF4was 2 mL and the concentration of ZnSO4was 35%, the extraction efficiency of CEX could reach 92.64%
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32

Hemeon, Ivan, Neil W. Barnett, Nicholas Gathergood, Peter J. Scammells, and Robert D. Singer. "Manganese Dioxide Allylic and Benzylic Oxidation Reactions in Ionic Liquids." Australian Journal of Chemistry 57, no. 2 (2004): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch03246.

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Ionic liquids 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [bmIm][BF4] and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [bmIm][PF6] were evaluated as reaction media for allylic and benzylic oxidation reactions using manganese dioxide. The use of ionic liquids as an extractant in the reaction work-up was also investigated. Procedures for recycling of the [bmIm][PF6] ionic liquids used in these MnO2 oxidation reactions were also developed.
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33

Booker, Katherine, Michael C. Bowyer, Chris J. Lennard, Clovia I. Holdsworth, and Adam McCluskey. "Molecularly Imprinted Polymers and Room Temperature Ionic Liquids: Impact of Template on Polymer Morphology." Australian Journal of Chemistry 60, no. 1 (2007): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch06284.

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Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were generated for trans-aconitic acid 1 and cocaine 2 in a variety of porogens (CH3CN, CHCl3, [bmim][BF4], and [bmim][PF6]). MIP synthesis in either [bmim][BF4] or [bmim][PF6] resulted in significant acceleration of polymerization rates and, in the case of low temperature polymerizations, reactions were complete in less than 2 h, while no product was observed in the corresponding volatile organic carbon (VOC) porogen. In all instances, MIPs generated in [bmim][BF4] or [bmim][PF6] returned imprinting selectivities (I values) on par with or better than the
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34

Verma, Archana, John P. Stoppelman, and Jesse G. McDaniel. "Tuning Water Networks via Ionic Liquid/Water Mixtures." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 2 (2020): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21020403.

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Water in nanoconfinement is ubiquitous in biological systems and membrane materials, with altered properties that significantly influence the surrounding system. In this work, we show how ionic liquid (IL)/water mixtures can be tuned to create water environments that resemble nanoconfined systems. We utilize molecular dynamics simulations employing ab initio force fields to extensively characterize the water structure within five different IL/water mixtures: [BMIM + ][BF 4 − ], [BMIM + ][PF 6 − ], [BMIM + ][OTf − ], [BMIM + ][NO 3 − ] and [BMIM + ][TFSI − ] ILs at varying water fraction. We ch
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Jalili, Amir Hossein, Mahboubeh Rahmati-Rostami, Cyrus Ghotbi, Masih Hosseini-Jenab, and Amir Naser Ahmadi. "Solubility of H2S in Ionic Liquids [bmim][PF6], [bmim][BF4], and [bmim][Tf2N]." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 54, no. 6 (2009): 1844–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je8009495.

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36

Zhang, Yuan, Tao Zhang, Panxue Gan, et al. "Solubility of Isobutane in Ionic Liquids [BMIm][PF6], [BMIm][BF4], and [BMIm][Tf2N]." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 60, no. 6 (2015): 1706–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je501083d.

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37

Jiang, Tao, Buxing Han, Guoying Zhao, et al. "Oxidative Carbonylation of Methanol to Dimethyl Carbonate in Ionic Liquid 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate." Journal of Chemical Research 2003, no. 9 (2003): 549–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/030823403322597261.

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The synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) by oxidative carbonylation of methanol with PdCl2 as a catalyst was investigated in the room temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim][PF6]). The products were recovered in situ using supercritical carbon dioxide. Enhanced selectivity of DMC over this catalyst was observed in the synthesis in [bmim][PF6] compared with the situation without the ionic liquid (IL). The mixture of catalyst and [bmim][PF6] could be recycled.
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38

Tian, Guo Cai, and Han Kun Feng. "Study on the Physicochemical Properties of the Mixture of Water and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Hydrogen Sulfate Salt Ionic Liquids." Advanced Materials Research 887-888 (February 2014): 643–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.887-888.643.

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The density, viscosity, conductivity of the mixture of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate salt ([Bmim]HSO4) ionic liquids and water have been determined at 25°C and atmospheric pressure. It was found that the density and conductivity of [Bmim]HSO4/water increase with the increase the water concentration at the same temperature, whereas the viscosity of [Bmim]HSO4/water decreases. The relationship between conductivities and temperature are agreed well with the Arrhenius equation.
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39

Guo, Bin, Yu Song, Wei Zhao Liang, Dan Dan Zhang, Wei Han, and Wei Song. "Viscosity of Methylbenzene in [Bmim][BF4] and [Bmim][PF6] Ionic Liquids." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.125.

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To well know the properties of ionic liquid mixtures, the viscosity of the binary mixtures containing the methylbenzene and imidazole ionic liquids (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [Bmim][BF4] or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [Bmim][PF6]) were measured. Within the temperature range from 298.15 K to 308.15 K, the viscosity of the four binary systems decreased sharply as the increase of temperature. The viscosity decreased slowly in the temperature range from 308.15 K to 338.15 K. The viscosity also decreased with decreasing of the mole fraction of ionic liquid. T
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40

Pan, Zhong Wei, Jin Huo Lin, Wen Jie Li, Tian Ci Wu, and Jin Ding Pan. "Studies on Extraction Equilibrium of Rare Earths in Ion Liquid Extraction System Using 1-Butyl-3-Methyl-Imidazolium Hexafluorophosphate and 1-Phenyl-3-Methyl-4-Benzoyl-Pyrazolone-5." Advanced Materials Research 602-604 (December 2012): 887–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.602-604.887.

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The extraction equilibrium of four rare earth ions (REn+, n = 3 or 4) was investigated in ionic liquid (IL) extraction system using 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Bmim]PF6) ionic liquid as extraction solvent and 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-pyrazolone-5 (HPMBP, HP) as extractant. The extraction percentage could be higher than 99%. The extracted species in the REn+-[Bmim]PF6-HP system was neutral REPn (n = 3 or 4) and complete recovery of REn+ extracted into [Bmim]PF6 can be achieved using diluent HCl as stripping agent. [Bmim]PF6 can be recycled in the experiment. The extrac
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41

Hao, Yan, Ting Ting Li, Xue Lian Ma, and Gui Bao Guo. "Dissolution Condition Effect on Cellulose in Ionic Liquid and the Recycling of Ionic Liquid." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 5207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.5207.

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Recently, room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) have been widely used in dissolution, homogeneous modification of cellulose. Cellulose only could be dissolved in RTILs at elevated temperature. Herein, effect of dissolution condition on microcrystalline cellulose in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) ionic liquid was studied. The results indicated that the degree of polymerization (DP) of regenerated cellulose decreased from 161 to 83 with the increasing of dissolution temperature in the range of 70 °C to 110 °C, whereas the DP was affected by dissolution time slightly. Moreover,
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42

Yang, Huamei, Ju Jiang, Bingzhe Zhang, Wenyuan Zhang, Weining Xie, and Jing Li. "Experimental study on pretreatment effects of [BMIM]HSO4/ethanol on the thermal behavior of cellulose." RSC Advances 12, no. 17 (2022): 10366–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra00876a.

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Pretreatment effects of [BMIM]HSO4/ethanol on thermal behaviors of cellulose have been investigated under different conditions. [BMIM]HSO4/ethanol siginificantly decreased the energy requirement of cellulose thermal decomposition.
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43

Wang, Congna, Weiliang Bao та Xiaoyin Zhang. "Synthesis of vinyl bromides from the reaction of α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acids with ionic liquid [bmim][Br3]/[bmim]Br". Journal of Chemical Research 2005, № 10 (2005): 617–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/030823405774663110.

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44

Li, Xiao Nan, Mei Shan Pei, Lu Yan Wang, and Li Wang. "Effect of Glycerol on the Self-Assembly of P123 in a Room-Temperature Ionic Liquid [Bmim]PF6." Advanced Materials Research 306-307 (August 2011): 1693–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.306-307.1693.

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Phase behavior of ternary systems involving PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymer (Pluronic P123), room-temperature ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [Bmim]PF6, and glycerol is investigated at 25 °C by using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques. In this ternary system, the structures formed in the binary P123/[Bmim]PF6 system, hexagonal phase (H1) and lamellar phase (Lα), are still obtained. At lower P123/[Bmim]PF6 ratio, the H1 phase can accommodate more than 30 % glycerol. At higher P123/[Bmim]PF6 ratio, the Lα phase only accommodates less than 2 % glycerol and Lα
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45

Yang, Shuhua, Qian Guan, Zijie Li, et al. "Study on the Influence of Different Catalysts on the Preparation of Ethyl Levulinate from Biomass Liquefaction." Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy 14, no. 3 (2020): 396–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2020.1979.

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The liquefaction experiments of straw biomass under heating and pressure were carried out with sulfuric acid and three ionic liquids as catalysts, 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM] [Cl]), 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM] [HSO4]), 1-methyl-3-(4-sulfobutyl) imidazole bisulphate ([HSO3-BMIM] [HSO4]), and anhydrous ethanol as solvent. The effects of catalyst type and dosage, reaction time and reaction temperature on liquefaction were investigated and optimized. The results showed that under the catalysis of sulfuric acid, the yield of ethyl levulinate was the highest
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46

Paljevac, Muzafera, Maja Habulin, and Zeljko Knez. "Ionic liquids as (co)solvents for enzymatic reactions." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 12, no. 3 (2006): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq0603181p.

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Ionic liquids are low melting point salts that represent an exciting new class of reaction solvents. Many reactions show advantages when carried out in ionic liquids, either with regard to enhanced reaction rates, improved selectivity, or easier reuse of catalysts. To ascertain the influence of ionic liquids on the enzyme activity, three different ionic liquids 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([bmim] [CI]) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim] [PF6]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim][BF4]) were synthesized and investigated as potential media for t
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47

Wu, Ya Rui, Wei Sheng Guan, and Shu Lin. "Microwave Assisted Preparation and Characterization of Ionic Liquid [Bmim]PF6 and Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Dioxide Using [Bmim]PF6 as Medium." Advanced Materials Research 183-185 (January 2011): 1662–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.183-185.1662.

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[Bmim]PF6ionic liquid was synthesized through two-step reaction in the unmodified microwave oven and ionic liquid synthesis conditions were optimized, the influence factors of microwave-assisted synthesis ionic liquid was discussed. Titanium dioxide photo-catalysts using [Bmim]PF6ionic liquid as medium were prepared. Result indicated that the nanoparticle titanium dioxide obtained in [Bmim]PF6by microwave radiation exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than that by traditional methods, with the degradation ratio of phenol of 99.23% within 16 h.
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48

Wu, Yang, Xia Wang, Qiaozhen Liu, et al. "Dynamic phase change and local structures in IL-containing mixtures: classical MD simulations and experiments." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 4 (2017): 3028–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp06300d.

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49

Siebels, Marvin, Lukas Mai, Laura Schmolke, et al. "Synthesis of rare-earth metal and rare-earth metal-fluoride nanoparticles in ionic liquids and propylene carbonate." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 9 (June 28, 2018): 1881–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.9.180.

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Decomposition of rare-earth tris(N,N′-diisopropyl-2-methylamidinato)metal(III) complexes [RE{MeC(N(iPr)2)}3] (RE(amd)3; RE = Pr(III), Gd(III), Er(III)) and tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato)europium(III) (Eu(dpm)3) induced by microwave heating in the ionic liquids (ILs) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIm][BF4]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([BMIm][NTf2]) and in propylene carbonate (PC) yield oxide-free rare-earth metal nanoparticles (RE-NPs) in [BMIm][NTf2] and PC for RE = Pr, Gd and Er or rare-earth metal-fluoride nanoparticles (RE
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Tran, An T. T., Huy T. Vo, and Quan D. Nguyen. "Initially Synthesize [BMIM]CL and Apply to Extract Cellulose from Banana Rachis." Journal of Advance Research in Applied Science (ISSN: 2208-2352) 4, no. 9 (2017): 01–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnas.v4i9.641.

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Ionic liquors are organic salts with cations as organic and anionic inorganic bases, which exist in a viscous liquid state than organic solvents. The banana rachis is one of the agricultural products from banana trees. In Vietnam, bananas are high yield fruit trees. The amount of debris from banana trees is quite large but not yet utilized effectively to bring economic value. Banana rachis material is utilized and treated with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl) ionic liquid to initially investigate the ability of cellulose to separate the ionic liquid from the banana rachis. Banan
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