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Journal articles on the topic 'BNF'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Saha, Ambikaprasanna, Sudeepta K. Panda, Manmohan S. Chauhan, Radhey S. Manik, Prabhat Palta, and Suresh K. Singla. "Birth of cloned calves from vitrified–warmed zona-free buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) embryos produced by hand-made cloning." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 25, no. 6 (2013): 860. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd12061.

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The availability of techniques for the vitrification of cloned blastocysts can improve their effective use. The present study compared the developmental competence of buffalo cloned embryos derived from adult (BAF), newborn (BNF) and fetal fibroblast (BFF) before and after vitrification. Despite similar cleavage rates among the three groups, the blastocyst rate was lower for BAF- than BNF- and BFF-derived embryos (30.2 ± 2.2% vs 41.7 ± 1.7% and 39.1 ± 2.1%, respectively; P < 0.01). The total cell number of BNF-derived blastocysts was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than that of BFF-derived blastocysts, which, in turn, was higher (P < 0.01) than that of BAF-derived blastocysts. Following transfer of vitrified–warmed blastocysts to recipients, no pregnancy was obtained with fresh (n = 8) or vitrified–warmed (n = 18) BAF-derived blastocysts, whereas transfer of fresh BNF- (n = 53) and BFF-derived (n = 32) blastocysts resulted in four and three pregnancies, respectively, which aborted within 90 days of gestation. The transfer of vitrified–warmed BNF-derived blastocysts (n = 39) resulted in the live birth of a calf weighing 41 kg, which is now 23 months old and has no apparent abnormality, whereas the transfer of vitrified–warmed BFF-derived blastocysts (n = 18) resulted in one live birth of a calf that died within 6 h. These results demonstrate that cloned buffalo embryos cryopreserved by vitrification can be used to obtain live offspring.

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2

Aloysius, Aloysius, Anjurniza Ulfa, Anggita Kasih Fianti Situmorang, Harmileni Harmileni, and Edy Fachrial. "AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT YANG DIISOLASI DARI MAKANAN TRADISIONAL FERMENTASI KHAS BATAK “NANIURA”." BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) 6, no. 1 (May 21, 2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/biolink.v6i1.2165.

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Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) could be isolated from various fermented food products. One potential source of LAB is traditional fermented food. The aim of the study was to isolate and investigate antimicrobial activity of LAB isolated from traditional Batak food, “naniura”. The LAB isolates were characterized by Gram staining, fermentation type and catalase test. The investigation of antimicrobial activity of LAB against pathogenic bacteria were conducted using disc diffusion method. The results showed that 6 isolates of BAL were successfully isolated namely BN1, BN2, BN3, BN4, BN5 and BN6 had characteristics of Gram positive, rod shaped and catalase negative. All selected isolate have heterofermentation type. Four isolates (BN1, BN2, BN5 and BN6) were able to inhibit S. aureus, E. coli and S. typhi with inhibition zone diameters ranging from 6,9 to 12,3 cm. Based on the result, it was concluded that LAB isolated from naniura has potential as a source of probiotics.

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3

Kou-Giesbrecht, Sian, Sergey Malyshev, Isabel Martínez Cano, Stephen W. Pacala, Elena Shevliakova, Thomas A. Bytnerowicz, and Duncan N. L. Menge. "A novel representation of biological nitrogen fixation and competitive dynamics between nitrogen-fixing and non-fixing plants in a land model (GFDL LM4.1-BNF)." Biogeosciences 18, no. 13 (July 13, 2021): 4143–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4143-2021.

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Abstract. Representing biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is an important challenge for coupled carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) land models. Initial representations of BNF in land models applied simplified phenomenological relationships. More recent representations of BNF are mechanistic and include the dynamic response of symbiotic BNF to N limitation of plant growth. However, they generally do not include the competitive dynamics between N-fixing and non-fixing plants, which is a key ecological mechanism that determines ecosystem-scale symbiotic BNF. Furthermore, asymbiotic BNF is generally not included in land models. Here, we present LM4.1-BNF, a novel representation of BNF (asymbiotic and symbiotic) and an updated representation of N cycling in the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Land Model 4.1 (LM4.1). LM4.1-BNF incorporates a mechanistic representation of asymbiotic BNF by soil microbes, a representation of the competitive dynamics between N-fixing and non-fixing plants, and distinct asymbiotic and symbiotic BNF temperature responses derived from corresponding observations. LM4.1-BNF makes reasonable estimations of major carbon (C) and N pools and fluxes and their temporal dynamics, in comparison to the previous version of LM4.1 with N cycling (LM3-SNAP) and to previous representations of BNF in land models generally (phenomenological representations and those without competitive dynamics between N-fixing and non-fixing plants and/or asymbiotic BNF) at a temperate forest site. LM4.1-BNF effectively reproduces asymbiotic BNF rate (13 kgNha-1yr-1) in comparison to observations (11 kgNha-1yr-1). LM4.1-BNF effectively reproduces the temporal dynamics of symbiotic BNF rate: LM4.1-BNF simulates a symbiotic BNF pulse in early succession that reaches 73 kgNha-1yr-1 at 15 years and then declines to ∼0 kgNha-1yr-1 at 300 years, similarly to observed symbiotic BNF, which reaches 75 kgNha-1yr-1 at 17 years and then declines to ∼0 kgNha-1yr-1 in late successional forests. As such, LM4.1-BNF can be applied to project the dynamic response of vegetation to N limitation of plant growth and the degree to which this will constrain the terrestrial C sink under elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other global change factors.

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4

Brown, Allan. "NICE BNF." Emergency Nurse 23, no. 9 (February 8, 2016): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/en.23.9.11.s15.

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5

Brown, Allan. "NICE BNF." Nursing Standard 30, no. 8 (October 21, 2015): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.30.8.31.s34.

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6

Trněný, Oldřich, David Vlk, Eliška Macková, Michaela Matoušková, Jana Řepková, Jan Nedělník, Jan Hofbauer, et al. "Allelic Variants for Candidate Nitrogen Fixation Genes Revealed by Sequencing in Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 21 (November 2, 2019): 5470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20215470.

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Plant–rhizobia symbiosis can activate key genes involved in regulating nodulation associated with biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). Although the general molecular basis of the BNF process is frequently studied, little is known about its intraspecific variability and the characteristics of its allelic variants. This study’s main goals were to describe phenotypic and genotypic variation in the context of nitrogen fixation in red clover (Trifolium pretense L.) and identify variants in BNF candidate genes associated with BNF efficiency. Acetylene reduction assay validation was the criterion for selecting individual plants with particular BNF rates. Sequences in 86 key candidate genes were obtained by hybridization-based sequence capture target enrichment of plants with alternative phenotypes for nitrogen fixation. Two genes associated with BNF were identified: ethylene response factor required for nodule differentiation (EFD) and molybdate transporter 1 (MOT1). In addition, whole-genome population genotyping by double-digest restriction-site-associated sequencing (ddRADseq) was performed, and BNF was evaluated by the natural 15N abundance method. Polymorphisms associated with BNF and reflecting phenotype variability were identified. The genetic structure of plant accessions was not linked to BNF rate of measured plants. Knowledge of the genetic variation within BNF candidate genes and the characteristics of genetic variants will be beneficial in molecular diagnostics and breeding of red clover.

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7

Cano Ordaz, J., E. Chigo Anota, M. Salazar Villanueva, and M. Castro. "Possibility of a magnetic [BN fullerene:B6 cluster]− nanocomposite as a vehicle for the delivery of dapsone." New Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 16 (2017): 8045–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nj01133d.

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8

MA, C. B., X. G. TANG, D. G. CHEN, Q. X. LIU, Y. P. JIANG, D. P. XIONG, and Y. C. ZHOU. "REDUCED LEAKAGE CURRENT AND ENHANCED MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF (Bi,Nd)FeO3 THIN FILMS GROWN ON (Ba,Sr)TiO3 BOTTOM LAYER." Functional Materials Letters 05, no. 03 (September 2012): 1250032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604712500324.

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A multiferroic heterostructure composed of ( Bi 0.875 Nd 0.125) FeO 3 (BNF) are grown on ( Ba 0.65 Sr 0.35) TiO 3(BST) buffered Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si(100) substrate by rf-magnetron sputtering. The heterostructure BNF/BST exhibits a quite low leakage current (3.7 × 10-7 A/cm2 at 300 kV/cm) and dielectric loss (0.0036 at 100 kHz) at room temperature. The saturated magnetization and the coercive field of the BST/BNF heterostructure are 37.7 emu/cm3 and 357.6 Oe, respectively. The low leakage current owed to the action of BST in the charge transfer between BNF and the bottom electrode, the coupling reaction between BST and BNF films. And the better crystallization in BNF/BST heterostructure thin film lead to the ferromagnetic properties enhanced.

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9

Darnajoux, Romain, Nicolas Magain, Marie Renaudin, François Lutzoni, Jean-Philippe Bellenger, and Xinning Zhang. "Molybdenum threshold for ecosystem scale alternative vanadium nitrogenase activity in boreal forests." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 49 (November 14, 2019): 24682–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1913314116.

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Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) by microorganisms associated with cryptogamic covers, such as cyanolichens and bryophytes, is a primary source of fixed nitrogen in pristine, high-latitude ecosystems. On land, low molybdenum (Mo) availability has been shown to limit BNF by the most common form of nitrogenase (Nase), which requires Mo in its active site. Vanadium (V) and iron-only Nases have been suggested as viable alternatives to countering Mo limitation of BNF; however, field data supporting this long-standing hypothesis have been lacking. Here, we elucidate the contribution of vanadium nitrogenase (V-Nase) to BNF by cyanolichens across a 600-km latitudinal transect in eastern boreal forests of North America. Widespread V-Nase activity was detected (∼15–50% of total BNF rates), with most of the activity found in the northern part of the transect. We observed a 3-fold increase of V-Nase contribution during the 20-wk growing season. By including the contribution of V-Nase to BNF, estimates of new N input by cyanolichens increase by up to 30%. We find that variability in V-based BNF is strongly related to Mo availability, and we identify a Mo threshold of ∼250 ng·glichen−1 for the onset of V-based BNF. Our results provide compelling ecosystem-scale evidence for the use of the V-Nase as a surrogate enzyme that contributes to BNF when Mo is limiting. Given widespread findings of terrestrial Mo limitation, including the carbon-rich circumboreal belt where global change is most rapid, additional consideration of V-based BNF is required in experimental and modeling studies of terrestrial biogeochemistry.

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10

Wilson, JM, MM Vijayan, CJ Kennedy, GK Iwama, and TW Moon. "beta-Naphthoflavone abolishes interrenal sensitivity to ACTH stimulation in rainbow trout." Journal of Endocrinology 157, no. 1 (April 1, 1998): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1570063.

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We report for the first time that beta-naphthoflavone (BNF) abolishes ACTH stimulation of cortisol production in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). There was significantly higher hepatic cytochrome P450 content and ethoxyresorufin O-de-ethylase and uridine-5'-diphosphoglucuronic acid transferase activities in BNF-treated fish than in sham-treated controls. BNF did not significantly affect either plasma turnover or tissue distribution of [3H]cortisol-derived radioactivity. Hepatic membrane fluidity and hepatocyte capacity for cortisol uptake were not altered by BNF as compared with the sham-treated fish. These results taken together suggest that BNF does not affect cortisol-clearance mechanisms in trout. A 3 min handling disturbance period elicited a plasma cortisol response in the sham-treated fish; however, the response in the BNF-treated fish was muted and significantly lower than in the sham fish. This in vivo response corroborates the lack of interrenal sensitivity to ACTH in vitro in the BNF-treated fish, suggesting that BNF affects the ACTH pathway in trout. Our results suggest the possibility that cytochrome P450-inducing compounds may affect cortisol dynamics by decreasing interrenal responsiveness to ACTH stimulation in fish, thereby impairing the physiological responses that are necessary for the animal to cope with the stressor.

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11

Herxheimer, Andrew. "BNF goes electronic." Lancet 344, no. 8933 (November 1994): 1358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(94)90714-5.

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12

Ball, Christopher J., and Richard L. Symonds. "BNF recommended dosage." Psychiatric Bulletin 17, no. 9 (September 1993): 560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.17.9.560.

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13

Fauduet, Louise, and Sébastien Peyrard. "À la BNF." Documents numériques, no. 53 (January 1, 2009): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.35562/arabesques.2152.

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14

Zhou, Xiaoliang, Deguan Li, Wenqing Xu, Heng Zhang, Hao Wang, and Gary H. Perdew. "β-Naphthoflavone Activation of the Ah Receptor Alleviates Irradiation-Induced Intestinal Injury in Mice." Antioxidants 9, no. 12 (December 12, 2020): 1264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9121264.

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Radiotherapy induced gastrointestinal syndrome results from the acute damage of intestinal stem cells, impaired crypts reconstruction, and subsequent breakdown of the mucosal barrier. The toxicity of ionizing radiation is associated with oxidative stress in the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Moreover, the rapid proliferation of IECs is a risk factor for radiation damage. β-naphthoflavone (BNF) is an agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and possesses potential antioxidative activity. We investigated BNF radioprotection in IECs experiencing γ-ray exposure, contributed to mitigation of radiation enteritis. BNF significantly enhanced cell viability and suppressed cell apoptosis in an AhR activation-dependent manner. The mechanism of BNF reducing the IECs radiosensitivity was associated with cell cycle arrest and suppression of cell proliferation. In contrast, AhR antagonist CH-223191 significantly blocked BNF-induced cell cycle arrest. Cyp1a1 mRNA levels are induced after irradiation in a dose-dependent manner, and CYP1A1 protein expression increased in the irradiated intestinal tract as well. BNF also reduces DNA strand breaks induced by irradiation. These studies demonstrate that BNF pretreatment prolonged median survival time of mice upon exposure to a lethal dose of radiation and alleviated irradiation-induced toxicity within the bowel.

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15

Knight, J. D. "Frequency of field pea in rotations impacts biological nitrogen fixation." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 92, no. 6 (November 2012): 1005–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2011-274.

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Knight, J. D. 2012. Frequency of field pea in rotations impacts biological nitrogen fixation. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 1005–1011. Economic, environmental and energy concerns about the use of nitrogen (N) fertilizers in crop production have prompted the examination of increasing the frequency of pulses in crop rotations to capitalize on biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). Plots from a field experiment established in 1998 at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Farm at Scott, SK, were sampled in 2008, 2009 and 2010. Rotations that included pea every year (continuous pea), every second year (pea-wheat), every third year (pea-canola-wheat) and every fourth year (canola-wheat-pea-wheat) were evaluated for BNF using the enriched15N isotope dilution technique. Nitrogen from BNF in the seed and straw, total above-ground N, seed and straw yield and soil available N and P were evaluated. In 2 of 3 yr, the highest BNF occurred in the two most diverse rotations. Continuous cropping of pea resulted in drastically low BNF in 2008 and 2009. Nitrogen derived from atmosphere in the continuous pea was 15% compared with an average of approximately 55% across all other rotations in these 2 yr. The reduction in BNF was not due to lower productivity in the continuous pea rotation, nor from higher initial soil inorganic N levels inhibiting BNF. In the third year of the study (2010), the more than double the normal precipitation received during the growing season stimulated BNF in pea in the continuous pea rotation. Determining whether the rotation effects on BNF are due to N mineralization of the previous years’ crop residues requires further investigation.

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Aluru, Neelakanteswar, and Mathilakath M. Vijayan. "Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation Impairs Cortisol Response to Stress in Rainbow Trout by Disrupting the Rate-Limiting Steps in Steroidogenesis." Endocrinology 147, no. 4 (April 1, 2006): 1895–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2005-1143.

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Anthropogenic stressors activating aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor signaling, including polychlorinated biphenyls, impair the adaptive corticosteroid response to stress, but the mechanisms involved are far from clear. Using Ah receptor agonist (β-naphthoflavone; BNF) and antagonist (resveratrol; RVT), we tested the hypothesis that steroidogenic pathway is a target for endocrine disruption by xenobiotics activating Ah receptor signaling. Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed BNF (10 mg/kg·d), RVT (20 mg/kg·d) or a combination of both for 5 d, and subjected to a handling disturbance. BNF induced cytochrome P4501A1 expression in the interrenal tissue and liver, whereas this response was abolished by RVT, confirming Ah receptor activation. In control fish, handling disturbance transiently elevated plasma cortisol and glucose levels and transcript levels of interrenal steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cytochrome P450 cholesterol side chain cleavage (P450scc) and 11β-hydroxylase over a 24-h period. BNF treatment attenuated this stressor-induced plasma and interrenal responses; these BNF-mediated responses were reverted back to the control levels in the presence of RVT. We further examined whether these in vivo impacts of BNF on steroidogenesis can be mimicked in vitro using interrenal tissue preparations. BNF depressed ACTH-mediated cortisol production, and this decrease corresponded with lower StAR and P450scc, but not 11β-hydroxylase mRNA abundance. RVT eliminated this BNF-mediated depression of interrenal corticosteroidogenesis in vitro. Altogether, xenobiotics activating Ah receptor signaling are steroidogenic disruptors, and the mode of action includes inhibition of StAR and P450scc, the rate-limiting steps in steroidogenesis.

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17

Bado, Boubié Vincent, Michel Sedogo, François Lompo, and Sanoussi Manzo Maman Laminou. "Biological Nitrogen Fixation by Local and Improved Genotypes of Cowpea in Burkina Faso (West Africa): Total Nitrogen Accumulated can be used for Quick Estimation." Advances in Agriculture 2018 (October 22, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9641923.

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Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) by legumes is an indicator of their potential contribution to recycling nitrogen in cropping systems. Many techniques exist for the quantitative measurement of legume BNF. The isotopic dilution (ID) methods are the most accurate but are too expensive, time-consuming and require technical expertise. There is a gap between the simple but less accurate Total Nitrogen Difference (TND) method and the Isotopic Dilution (ID) methods. By measuring the BNF of 11 cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) genotypes, this study aimed to develop a simple model as an improved tool for the quick estimation of BNF. Total N accumulated by traditional genotypes from Burkina Faso varied from 23 to 41 kg ha−1. Approximately 40 to 65% of this was nitrogen derived from the atmosphere (Ndfa) when the TND method was used (Ndfa-TND), while the ID method indicated that 29 to 37% of N accumulated was derived from the atmosphere (Ndfa-ID). The TND method overestimated the BNF of high N-yielding genotypes but underestimated the BNF of low N-yielding genotypes (N-accumulated below 31 kg N ha−1). The relationship between N-accumulated and Ndfa-ID was described by a polynomial regression: Yi = 0.0127 Xi2 - 0.5354 Xi + 17.44, where Yi and Xi represent Ndfa-ID and N-accumulated, respectively (P<0.05, R2 =0.92). The model was validated and could be used for quick estimation of BNF directly from the N accumulated.

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18

Anandasadagopan, Suresh Kumar, Naveen M. Singh, Haider Raza, Seema Bansal, Venkatesh Selvaraj, Shilpee Singh, Anindya Roy Chowdhury, Nicolae Adrian Leu, and Narayan G. Avadhani. "β-Naphthoflavone-Induced Mitochondrial Respiratory Damage in Cyp1 Knockout Mouse and in Cell Culture Systems: Attenuation by Resveratrol Treatment." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5213186.

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A number of xenobiotic-inducible cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are now known to be localized in the mitochondrial compartment, though their pharmacological or toxicological roles remain unclear. Here, we show that BNF treatment markedly inhibits liver mitochondrial O2 consumption rate (OCR), ADP-dependent OCR, and also reserve OCR, in wild-type mice but not in Cyp1a1/1a2(−/−) double knockout mice. BNF treatment markedly affected mitochondrial complex I and complex IV activities and also attenuated mitochondrial gene expression. Furthermore, under in vitro conditions, BNF treatment induced cellular ROS production, which was inhibited by mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mito-CP and CYP inhibitor proadefin, suggesting that most of the ROS production was intramitochondrial and probably involved the catalytic activity of mitochondrial CYP1 enzymes. Interestingly, our results also show that the AHR antagonist resveratrol, markedly attenuated BNF-induced liver mitochondrial defects in wild-type mice, confirming the role of AHR and AHR-regulated CYP1 genes in eliciting mitochondrial dysfunction. These results are consistent with reduced BNF-induced mitochondrial toxicity in Cyp1a1/1a2(−/−) mice and elevated ROS production in COS cells stably expressing CYP1A1. We propose that increased mitochondrial ROS production and respiratory dysfunction are part of xenobiotic toxicity. Resveratrol, a chemopreventive agent, renders protection against BNF-induced toxicity.

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19

McNeill, AM, CJ Pilbeam, HC Harris, and RS Swift. "Seasonal variation in the suitability of different methods for estimating biological nitrogen fixation by grain legumes under rainfed conditions." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 47, no. 7 (1996): 1061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9961061.

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Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) by legume crops was estimated in a Mediterranean environment at ICARDA in northern Syria for 3 consecutive seasons beginning in 1991-92. Using the classical isotope dilution technique (NID), estimates ranged from 32 to 82 kg N/ha for chickpea and from 18 to 82 kg N/ha for lentil. In comparison the simple N-difference method gave lower, sometimes negative, estimates for BNF by both crops in the latter 2 seasons but a higher estimate for chickpea in the first year. Discrepancies in the estimates from N-difference were correlated with differences in the amount of soil N taken up by the legume and the non-fixing wheat reference crop. Since soil N uptake by lentil in the first year was similar to wheat, the estimates of BNF from the 2 methods for that season were similar. The indirect effects of an interaction of added N fertiliser on N derived from the soil and thus on N uptake and estimated BNF are discussed in relation to the use of the isotope dilution method with A-value modification (NAV). Despite some significant differences in A-value for soils receiving different amounts of fertiliser it is demonstrated that the A-value method used in this study, with fertiliser rates of 10 kg N/ha to the legume and 30 kg N/ha to the non-legume, resulted in BNF estimates for lentil similar to those obtained using classical isotope dilution. However, this was not the case for chickpea where a direct inhibitory effect of fertiliser N at 30 kg N/ha resulted in lower estimates of BNF from NID than NAV. Since the reference crops derived as much as 90% of their N from the soil, it is recommended that future BNF studies using isotope dilution techniques for lentil and chickpea crops at ICARDA use a fertiliser rate lower than that used in this study. An isotope dilution method utilising a slow-release source of 15N or the natural abundance technique for estimating BNF are suggested as potentially useful alternatives. The need for a basic understanding of the soil N dynamics pertinent to each site as a prerequisite for choosing an appropriate method for estimating BNF is highlighted.

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Colinmaire, Hervé. "Science and technology at the Bibliothèque nationale de France: a new policy, a new electronic library and a new access to information." Interlending & Document Supply 38, no. 1 (February 23, 2010): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02641611011025325.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe developments in electronic reproduction and delivery at the Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF), and in particular in science, technology and medicine (STM) subjects.Design/methodology/approachThe paper takes a descriptive approach.FindingsRadical changes are taking place at the BnF, especially in widening access and in document supply.Originality/valueThis is one of the very few papers in English to describe the strategic developments at the BnF to service its customers, both onsite and remote.

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21

Carou, Alain. "Images dispersées, rassemblées (BNF)." Matériaux pour l histoire de notre temps N° 89-90, no. 1 (2008): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/mate.089.0013.

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22

&NA;. "BNF recommendation 'potentially hazardous'." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 425 (October 1992): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-199204250-00010.

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23

Buttriss, Judith L. "BNF: the next chapter." Nutrition Bulletin 33, no. 1 (March 2008): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-3010.2007.00678.x.

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24

Koren, Gideon. "BNF for Children 2006." Pediatric Drugs 8, no. 6 (November 2006): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03257355.

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Karpinski, Julie P. "BNF 58: September 2009." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 44, no. 2 (January 19, 2010): 396–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1m606.

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26

"BNF & BNFC." Obstetrician & Gynaecologist 20, no. 4 (October 2018): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tog.12529.

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27

"Recent updates from the BNF (BNF 80)." Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin 58, no. 11 (September 11, 2020): 164–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/dtb.2020.000062.

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AbstractThe BNF is jointly published by the Royal Pharmaceutical Society and BMJ. BNF is published in print twice a year and interim updates are issued and published monthly in the digital versions. The following summary provides a brief description of some recent key changes that have been made to BNF content.

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"Recent updates from the BNF (BNF 81)." Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin 59, no. 5 (March 10, 2021): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/dtb.2021.000011.

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AbstractThe BNF is jointly published by the Royal Pharmaceutical Society and BMJ. BNF is published in print twice a year and interim updates are issued and published monthly in the digital versions. The following summary provides a brief description of some of the key changes that have been made to BNF content since the last print edition (BNF 80) was published.

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"Recent updates from the BNF (BNF 82)." Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin, September 21, 2021, dtb—2021–000054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/dtb.2021.000054.

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AbstractThe BNF is jointly published by the Royal Pharmaceutical Society and BMJ. BNF is published in print twice a year and interim updates are issued and published monthly in the digital versions. The following summary provides a brief description of some recent key changes that have been made to BNF content.

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30

"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 38, no. 1 (February 7, 2013): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12019.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 38, no. 2 (May 15, 2013): 279–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12036.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 39, no. 1 (February 19, 2014): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12084.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 39, no. 2 (May 19, 2014): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12094.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 39, no. 3 (August 14, 2014): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12106.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 39, no. 4 (November 19, 2014): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12121.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 40, no. 2 (May 19, 2015): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12147.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 40, no. 3 (August 23, 2015): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12162.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 40, no. 4 (November 18, 2015): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12183.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 41, no. 1 (February 16, 2016): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12196.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 42, no. 3 (August 15, 2017): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12285.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 43, no. 1 (February 13, 2018): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12314.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 43, no. 2 (May 8, 2018): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12328.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 43, no. 3 (August 10, 2018): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12344.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 44, no. 2 (May 17, 2019): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12383.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 44, no. 3 (August 22, 2019): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12403.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 44, no. 4 (November 25, 2019): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12412.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 45, no. 2 (June 2020): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12438.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 41, no. 2 (May 10, 2016): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12210.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 42, no. 1 (February 9, 2017): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12256.

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"BNF Notices." Nutrition Bulletin 45, no. 4 (December 2020): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12475.

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