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Tankrathok, Anupong, Javier Iglesias-Fernández, Sukanya Luang, Robert C. Robinson, Atsuo Kimura, Carme Rovira, Maria Hrmova, and James R. Ketudat Cairns. "Structural analysis and insights into the glycon specificity of the rice GH1 Os7BGlu26 β-D-mannosidase." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 69, no. 10 (September 20, 2013): 2124–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0907444913020568.
Rice Os7BGlu26 is a GH1 family glycoside hydrolase with a threefold higherkcat/Kmvalue for 4-nitrophenyl β-D-mannoside (4NPMan) compared with 4-nitrophenyl β-D-glucoside (4NPGlc). To investigate its selectivity for β-D-mannoside and β-D-glucoside substrates, the structures of apo Os7BGlu26 at a resolution of 2.20 Å and of Os7BGlu26 with mannose at a resolution of 2.45 Å were elucidated from isomorphous crystals in space groupP212121. The (β/α)8-barrel structure is similar to other GH1 family structures, but with a narrower active-site cleft. The Os7BGlu26 structure with D-mannose corresponds to a product complex, with β-D-mannose in the1S5skew-boat conformation. Docking of the1S3,1S5,2SOand3S1pyranose-ring conformations of 4NPMan and 4NPGlc substrates into the active site of Os7BGlu26 indicated that the lowest energies were in the1S5and1S3skew-boat conformations. Comparison of these docked conformers with other rice GH1 structures revealed differences in the residues interacting with the catalytic acid/base between enzymes with and without β-D-mannosidase activity. The mutation of Tyr134 to Trp in Os7BGlu26 resulted in similarkcat/Kmvalues for 4NPMan and 4NPGlc, while mutation of Tyr134 to Phe resulted in a 37-fold higherkcat/Kmfor 4NPMan than 4NPGlc. Mutation of Cys182 to Thr decreased both the activity and the selectivity for β-D-mannoside. It was concluded that interactions with the catalytic acid/base play a significant role in glycon selection.
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Qiao, Jing, Jiushi Liu, Jingjing Liao, Zuliang Luo, Xiaojun Ma, and Guoxu Ma. "Identification of Key Amino Acid Residues Determining Product Specificity of 2,3-Oxidosqualene Cyclase in Siraitia grosvenorii." Catalysts 8, no. 12 (November 22, 2018): 577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8120577.
Sterols and triterpenes are structurally diverse bioactive molecules generated through cyclization of linear 2,3-oxidosqualene. Based on carbocationic intermediates generated during the initial substrate preorganization step, oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs) are roughly segregated into a dammarenyl cation group that predominantly catalyzes triterpenoid precursor products and a protosteryl cation group which mostly generates sterol precursor products. The mechanism of conversion between two scaffolds is not well understood. Previously, we have characterized a promiscuous OSC from Siraitia grosvenorii (SgCS) that synthesizes a novel cucurbitane-type triterpene cucurbitadienol as its main product. By integration of homology modeling, molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis, we discover that five key amino acid residues (Asp486, Cys487, Cys565, Tyr535, and His260) may be responsible for interconversions between chair–boat–chair and chair–chair–chair conformations. The discovery of euphol, dihydrolanosterol, dihydroxyeuphol and tirucallenol unlocks a new path to triterpene diversity in nature. Our findings also reveal mechanistic insights into the cyclization of oxidosqualene into cucurbitane-type and lanostane-type skeletons, and provide a new strategy to identify key residues determining OSC specificity.
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Surata, I. Wayan, Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindhia, and Dwiki Marsetio Widagdo. "Promoting natural fiber from bark of Hibiscus tiliaceus as rope to reduce marine pollution from microplastic fiber yield from synthetic rope." E3S Web of Conferences 158 (2020): 04007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015804007.
Synthetic ropes are popular for application in marine boat as docking, anchor, tow, and sailing. The advantages of synthetic ropes are waterproof, strong and durable, can be designed for sinks or floats and able to stretches. Synthetic ropes are stronger, more resistant to rotting than ropes created from natural fibers. Synthetic ropes also possess certain disadvantages of slipperiness, and can be damaged more easily by UV light. Synthetic ropes is recognizes as a source of microplastic fiber pollutant in marine area. In this work a bark of Hibiscus tiliaceus three is introduced as candidate source of natural fiber for rope to reduce number of microplastic fiber pollutant from synthetic rope. The bark was taken from a trunk with diameter around 20 cm. The bark was immersed in water for 7 days and subsequently was soaked in 5% NaOH solution for 2 hours. Fiber obtained then was dried. It was prepared 7 valid single fiber samples. The average of tensile strength of single fiber obtained by using this method is found around 44.604 MPa. The average of Modulus elasticity E is found 365.864 MPa. The failure strain is found 11.6 %.
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Tang, Tao, Chenliuli Jiang, and Mary Perrelli. "Data Collection and Analyses Applying Unmanned Helicopter (UAV) Remote Sensing to Survey Water Chestnut Invasive Species." International Journal of Data Analytics 1, no. 1 (January 2020): 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijda.2020010103.
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be utilized for large quantity data acquisitions. The major objective of this research is to apply UAV technology to perform rapid data collections and to predict coverages of water chestnut (Trapa natans) invasive species along the lower Erie Canal. The second objective of this research is to assess the effectiveness of the physical removal by US Fishery and Wildlife Services (US-FWS) since 2010 using the collected data. Third, both micro-climatic conditions of temperature and relative humidity (RH), land use and land cover types were analyzed to assess habitat conditions of water chestnut. The results indicate that the physical removal of water chestnut by US-FWS was very effective. Four plant patches were detected applying drone (UAV) sensor in the summer of 2016. Temperature and RH survey show that temperature decreases in general as altitude increases. RH values both at the canal surface and at 12 meters above the surface are higher than those at the surrounding land areas. However, a few exceptions exist at the ground level, which might be influenced by grassland moisture evapotranspiration. In summary, 1) no sufficient evidence in this study to illustrate the effects of temperature and RH on the growth of water chestnut; 2) the highest concentration and re-appearance of water chestnut are either at the public parks or at the boat docking sites in the urban areas. 3) This research demonstrates UAV is an emerging technology of large data collection and analysis.
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Sala, Francesco, Enzo Marinoni, Anna N. Miller, Giovanni Pesenti, Fabio Castelli, Salvatore Alati, Andrea Coppadoro, and Dario Capitani. "Evaluation of an Endoscopic Procedure for the Treatment of Docking Site Nonunion." Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 27, no. 10 (October 2013): 569–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bot.0b013e31829484f6.
Pengde, Sang. "Support Technology of Long Bolt in Roadway under Crushing Condition." E3S Web of Conferences 194 (2020): 04037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019404037.
In order to solve the problem that the roadway roof is large and easy to collapse under crushing conditions. Test shows that: Under the crushing condition, a considerable part of roadway surrounding rock deformation is in a given deformation state. The control effect of support resistance on surrounding rock deformation is limited at the level of existing technology. In this kind of roadway support, the deformation method of anchor cable high rigidity support should be abandoned. It is changed to adopt the long bolt with high elongation to adapt to the deformation of surrounding rock, and continue to provide high support resistance to prevent loose rock caving caused by roof collapse. Based on this, the supporting technology of replacing anchor cable with docking bolt is put forward to increase the coordination between supporting member and roadway surrounding rock deformation. The industrial test results of Baode coal mine show that the technology can adapt to the deformation of surrounding rock and effectively prevent the tunnel roof from caving due to the break of anchor cable.
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Araújo, Joabe Lima, Gardênia Taveira Santos, Ruan Sousa Bastos, Francisco das Chagas Alves Lima, and Jefferson Almeida Rocha. "Predição computacional de alvos moleculares de um complexo metálico de rutênio com epiisopiloturina e óxido nítrico." Revista de Saúde 11, no. 1 (June 16, 2020): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21727/rs.v11i1.2197.
A Leishmaniose é uma doença infecciosa que ocasiona a morte de 26.000 a 65.000 pessoas anualmente, estima-se que no ano de 2019 houve 700.000 a 1 milhão de novos casos. Estes dados são preocupantes e está relacionado à falta de saneamento básico que favorece a proliferação dos vetores, além da ausência de medicamentos eficientes com mecanismos de ação alternativos e com menos efeitos colaterais. Em meio a essa necessidade de novos agentes inibitórios, este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma predição computacional de alvos moleculares de Leishmania para um complexo metálico de rutênio com epiisopiloturina e óxido nítrico (Epiruno2). O processo de docking molecular foi realizado empregando-se o software Autodock Tools (ADT) versão 1.5.6. As proteínas alvos foram consideradas rígidas, enquanto que o Epiruno2 foi considerado flexível. A glicoproteína GP63 (1lml) representa mais de 1% da proteína total do parasito tendo em vista que a 1lml é uma metaloprotease que predomina grupos funcionais em seu sítio ativo, torna-se um alvo atrativo em estudos de atividade inibitória. O docking molecular entre o Epiruno2 e a 1lml resultou na melhor conformação de encaixe deste estudo, com energia de Gbinda de -8,05 Kcal.mol-1 e uma constante de inibição de 1,26 µM. Também foi observada a formação de quatro pontes de hidrogênio, demonstrando ser um forte candidato a fármaco antileishmania. Concluindo-se que o composto epiruno2 é clinicamente atrativo para estudos experimentais futuros ex vivo, in vitro e in vivo, pois seus resultados in sílico apresentaram boas interações moleculares para todas as proteínas alvo deste estudo.
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Steinhoff-Wagner, Julia, Neele Meier, Maria Diel, Kamila Dynowski, Celine Heinemann, Jonas Stein, Christian Bode, et al. "322 Challenges for porc value chains - simultaneous implementation of elevated animal welfare standards under field conditions." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.014.
Abstract Consumers increasingly demand an improvement of animal welfare, in particular a refrainment from surgical interventions such as tail docking and castration. The aim of the study was to investigate effects of simultaneous implementation of elevated welfare standards under field conditions on valid indicators at the abattoir and product quality. Six different pig farms from birth to fattening were reimbursed for implementing elevated welfare standards (no tail docking in all and no castration of male piglets). Farmers were free to try Improvac® treatments and boar fattening. At the abattoir, welfare indicators like swellings and conditions of ears, claws, skin and tails were inspected on carcasses (pigs: n >1866). Meat quality was evaluated (n >185). Fixed effects of sex (females and barrows, Improvac® treated boars, boars) and farm were included in mixed models and Pearson correlations were calculated (SAS 9.4). Results were condensed with a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). Two farms managed to deliver around 90% of pigs with intact tails, whereas one completely failed (80% tails shorter than 1/3 of original length). Sex affected almost all welfare indicators, with least impairments in the females and barrows group and most in boars (P < 0.01). FMEA revealed concerns regarding animal welfare and meat quality in boars and immense variation between farms. For example, drip losses showed an interaction between sex and farm, suggesting that some farms provide better conditions for Improvac® treated pigs and boars than others. Besides that, transport duration from fattening location to abattoir correlated with swelling on fore and hind legs (0.15< r< 0.17; P < 0.001), but did not affect tail classification. In conclusion, the implementation of elevated animal welfare standards was highly dependent on the farm-specific management. Because used indicators were successfully assessed on the carcasses, they seem to be valid for future reward systems.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Boat Docking":
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BOCZAR, LUDVIG, and JONATHAN PERNOW. "Autonomous Docking of Electric Boat." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-299765.
In recreational boating, docking is one of the most stressful and accident prone situations. Due to the loss of maneuverability at low speeds, it is a procedure that requires experience. There are mainly two problems when it comes to autonomous docking of a boat, these are identifying a berth’s position as well as keeping the boat on its intended path and correcting any deviations. Autonomous docking in recreational boating is still quite uncommon, with companies still exploring different solutions. This thesis proposes a Model Predictive Control (MPC) system combined with Pulsed Coherent Radar technology, equipped on an under-actuated boat model, to achieve autonomous docking. A major part of this thesis was to evaluate the amount and placement of radar sensors, as well as determining whether these are suitable in a water environment. In order to test this, the sensors were placed alongside the hull of the boat. It was found that the placement of sensors had a bigger impact than the amount when it came to correctly detecting the position of a berth. Once the placement of sensors and the berth position algorithmhad been done, a closed-loop MPC was used. This controller got constant feedback of the boat’s position relative the berth, in order to calculate the thruster control inputs for the next time step. The developed autonomous docking system was then implemented on the boat which was tested in a swimming pool. The optimal radar configuration combined withMPC, made it possible to successfully dock a boat autonomously without any modification to the berth. För fritidsbåtlivet är tilläggning en av demest stressfulla och olycksbenägna situationerna. På grund av förlust av manövrering vid låga hastigheter är det en procedur som kräver erfarenhet. Det finns främst två problem när det kommer till autonom tilläggning, det är att identifiera positionen av en brygga såväl som att hålla båten på den avsedda kursen och rätta till små avvikelser. Autonom tilläggning för fritidsbåtlivet är fortfarande rätt ovanligt och företag utforskar fortfarande olika lösningar. Denna avhandling föreslår ett Modellprediktivt Reglersystem (MPC) kombinerat med Pulserad Koherent Radarteknik som är utrustad på en underaktuerad båtmodell för att uppnå autonom tilläggning. En stor del av avhandlingen var att utvärdera antalet och placeringen av radarsensorer, såväl som att fastställa om dessa är lämpliga att användas i en vattenmiljö. För att undersöka detta placerades sensorerna längs med båtens skrov. Det konstaterades att placeringen av sensorer hade en större påverkan än mängden när det kom till att läsa av positionen av bryggan korrekt. När placeringen av sensorer och bryggpositionsalgoritmen var klar användes MPC med återkoppling. Denna regulator fick konstant återkoppling av båtens position relativt bryggan för att räkna ut styrsignal till motorerna för nästa tidssteg. Den utvecklade autonoma tilläggningen var sedan implementerad på båten som testades i en pool. Den optimala radarplaceringen kombinerat med MPC gjorde det möjligt att med framgång kunna lägga till båten autonomt utan modifiering av bryggan.
Love, Boating. I Said While Docking the Boat Composition Notebook: School Notebook Gift for Boaters or a Boat Lover 7. 5x9. 25 Wide Ruled. Independently Published, 2020.
Publishing, KhaoJao. I'm Sorry for What I Said While Docking the Boat: Funny Hilarious Boating Notebook Novelty Gift for Men - Diary for Cruising and Sailing Lovers, Blank Lined Journal to Write in Ideas. Independently Published, 2020.
Nakarith, Naruebas, and Phansak Iamraksa. "The study of using infrared as docking aid system for boat." In 2015 Asian Conference on Defence Technology (ACDT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acdt.2015.7111589.
Clauss, Gu¨nther F., and Andre´ Kauffeldt. "Investigation and Optimisation of Boat Deployment Systems at High Seas." In 25th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2006-92246.
There is a multitude of seagoing missions such as rescue missions, coast guard and pilot duties, whose success depend on ship-deployed boats. Launching these boats from a mother ship or recovering them by special deployment systems in a broad range of environmental conditions are key operations for a successive mission. In recent years, new boat deployment systems, promising better operational availability at high sea states, have evolved beyond the traditional side-davit system with dual falls. These new systems deploy their boats via stern ramps integrated into the transom of the mother ship, for example seen at numerous rescue cruisers around the world. This paper presents two different boat deployment systems. After a short discussion of the disadvantages of side-davit systems, a new type of a stern boat deployment device, the so called Janssen Docking System [1], is introduced. This system is equipped with an articulated ramp hinged to the stern. Whereas launching operations are less critical, the recovery of boats is quite hazardous. For this operation mode structural forces on critical areas as well as the relative motions between the ramp and the small boat are systematically investigated in model tests. Based on the results of these sea keeping tests the feasibility of the system has been analysed and improvements are recommended. As a second system a floodable dock integrated into a mother ship is presented. For launching and recovering small boats at high seas the swell inside the dock and the resulting relative motions between boat and dock ship are investigated. This leads to critical flow conditions inside the harbour in terms of sloshing waves with heights up to 3 meters. The analysis of local flow phenomena inside the dock dependent on the motion of the ship in a given sea state are the basis for the development of an optimized dock shape. Therefore an existing nonlinear numerical method for unsteady viscous computation based on Volume of Fluid (VOF) methods and Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes Equations (RANSE) is used to simulate these phenomena. The time domain calculation allows to change local dock shapes systematically for further improvements. To validate the numerical solution the calculated results are compared to sea keeping tests at model scale. The paper concludes with a perspective for the further development of the dock shape.
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de Oliveira, Allan C., Edgard B. Malta, and Eduardo M. Vilameá. "Wave Absorption Improvements Inside the Moonpool of a Monocolumn Platform With an Internal Dock." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23278.
Monocolumn platforms are usually considered an alternative concept for drilling and offshore production unit designs. This concept could provide high stability, small motions and also storage capacity. More recently, it was considered for a logistic hub platform design. The use of this concept with an opening for boat docking seems to provide a feasible solution for the people transfer in harsh environments, especially in areas like pre-salt Brazilian offshore fields, which are also very far from the coast. Although the helicopter technology has been improved in recent years to attend transport requirements from shore to the platforms, the use of a hub platform at sea still shows some economical and operational advantages, related to the conventional operations. Although the sheltered area provided by the interior of the monocolumn platform seems to solve the transfer problem in harsh environments, the hydrodynamic behavior of the moonpool became a problem to be solved during the feasibility studies of the concept, since the moonpool water column elevations tends to be resonant in special cases. To deal with this problem, some attempts were done to absorb the wave energy inside the moonpool and eliminate its resonance, achieving the desired level of absorption. This work shows the attempts and the results obtained, which has proven the feasibility of the concept.
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Malta, Edgard Borges, Felipe Ruggeri, Pedro Cardozo de Mello, Eduardo M. Vilameá, Allan C. de Oliveira, and Kazuo Nishimoto. "Semi-Submersible Hub Platform With an Internal Dock Model Testing." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-24418.
The recent discoveries and development of the Pre-salt reservoir in Brazilian coast require a new logistical model for crew transportation and transhipment to the drilling and oil rigs due to the large distance from coast, harsh environment conditions and large amount of workers to be transported against the actual model adopted considering only transportation by helicopters in order to reduce overall costs. The adoption of a logistic model with maritime transportation in these scenarios could provide several advantages, however there are several challenges from the technical point of view in transhipment between ship-shaped vessels, that could represent a great limitation in terms of operational window. Previous works showed the feasibility of monocolumn platforms with an internal moonpool as a Logistic HUB [1], allowing the boat docking in sheltered conditions. This work shows an overview of the model testing of a semi-submersible with an internal dock and the comparison of the free-surface elevation and RAOs (Response Amplitude Operators) between experimental results and potential flow computations. The tests were performed for 5 headings considering 10 regular, 5 irregular and 1 transient waves under a single draft and 5 different devices to reduce wave energy in the interior region.
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Avgouleas, Kyriakos, Emmanouil Sarris, and George Gougoulidis. "Practical Aspects of Propulsion Shaft Alignment." In SNAME 7th International Symposium on Ship Operations, Management and Economics. SNAME, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/some-2021-012.
The economical and operational implications of poor alignment are indisputable for the propulsion shafting system of a commercial vessel. This holds true for naval vessels as well, although far less documented in the technical literature. This paper addresses some of the challenges associated with the proper alignment of a high-speed naval craft, which has been in service for many years. Laser bore-sighting was performed on a Guided Missile Fast Patrol Boat resting on a docking cradle. The measured bearing offsets were input to a FEA model of the shafting system to calculate bearing reactions and detect potential misalignment issues. Subsequent decisions regarding corrective measures take into account the results computed by the numerical model, experience from sister ships, the available documentation from the building yard and several other factors which are discussed in the paper. The solutions proposed are targeted towards a balanced trade-off between cost effectiveness and out-of-service time on one hand, and the risk of potential damage from misalignment on the other hand, which would seriously disrupt the ship’s operational availability. Practical aspects and lessons identified in the process are also presented, which demonstrate the distinct differences in alignment strategy of a high-speed naval craft compared to a typical commercial vessel.
